Untitled - Iverieli

amaz xalvaSi 

andria pirvelwodebuli 

saqarTveloSi 

gamomcemloba `lazare+~ 

baTumi 2011 

1 

daibeWda baTumisa da lazeTis, CrdiloeT amerikisa da kanadis 

mitropolit dimitris (SiolaSvilis) locva-kurTxeviT 

naSromi eZRvneba andria pirvelwodebulis saqarTveloSi qadagebis 

amsaxvel naTargmn da originalur literaturas. adreul 

teqstebTan, àndria mociqulis mimoslvasTan~ da mis qarTul 

redaqciebTan erTad Seswavlilia qarTul literaturaSi Camoyalibebuli 

sxvadasxva lokaluri tradicia. dadgenilia gviandeli 

qarTuli teqstebis mimarTeba pirvelwyaroebTan da ruis-urbnisis 

saeklesio krebis `ZegliswerasTan~. gamovlenilia mizezebi, romlebic 

ganapirobebdnen wm. andria mociqulis misioneruli moRvaweobis 

istoriisa da marSrutis ganvrcobas. 

wigni gamiznulia filologebisaTvis, istorikosebisaTvis da 

aRniSnuli sakiTxebiT dainteresebuli yvela pirisaTvis. 

redaqtorebi: manglisisa da walkis mitropoliti, 

profesori anania jafariZe 

saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa erovnuli akademiis 

wevr-korespondenti, profesori revaz siraZe 

recenzentebi: filologiis doqtori SoTa jijieSvili 

istoriis doqtori emzar kaxiZe 

garekanis pirvel gverdze: 

wm. andria mociquli awyuris xatiT xelSi. freska (gelaTi, XVII s.) 

ISBN 978-99940-803-9-7 

© ramaz xalvaSi, 2011 

2

sarCevi 

Sesavali ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 

wm. andria pirvelwodebuli bibliasa da 

apokriful tradiciaSi ............................................................................................................. 10 

àndria mociqulis mimoslva~ da misi kvali 

XI saukunis qarTul literaturaSi ........................................................................... 20 

andria mociqulis qadageba `ninos cxovrebaSi~ .......................................... 36 

galobani anCis xatisani .......................................................................................................... 43 

`mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciebi da 

àxali qarTlis cxovreba~ .................................................................................................... 57 

mesxuri gadmocemis berZnuli 

da qarTuli versiebi .................................................................................................................... 75 

separatistuli tendenciebi mesxur gadmocemaSi ....................................... 99 

RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomiloba, wm. andrias 

qadageba da awyuris xati ...................................................................................................... 109 

awyuris RvTismSoblis xatis matiane ................................................................... 118 

Teimuraz batoniSvilis ìstoria iveriisa~ ............................................... 130 

ZiriTadi daskvnebi ....................................................................................................................... 140 

gamoyenebuli literatura ................................................................................................. 146 

APOSTLE ST. ANDREW IN GEORGIA (SUMMARY) …...................................................................... 153 

saZiebeli .................................................................................................................................................. 157 

3 

eZRvneba 

roland daviTaZis 

naTel xsovnas 

4

Sesavali 

saqarTvelos eklesia samociquloa, radgan CvenSi 

qristianoba mociqulebma gaavrceles. am misiis winam- 

ZRoli wm. andria pirvelwodebuli iyo, romelic qar- 

Tul saeklesio tradiciaSi pirvelmqadageblis saxeliT 

ixsenieba. 

mociqulTa qadageba avtokefaliis erT-erTi mTavari 

safuZvelia, magram, amasTanave, yvela avtokefaluri 

eklesia Tanasworuflebiania erTmaneTis mimarT imis 

miuxedavad, maT TavianTi avtokefalia uSualod mociqulebisagan 

miiRes, Tu maT mier daarsebuli eklesiebis 

meSveobiT (anania [jafariZe] 2009: 131). 

qarTlSi (iberiaSi) 1 qristianoba saxelmwifo religiad 

mirian mefis dros gamocxadda. saqarTvelos eklesia 

ierarqiulad antioqiis eklesias daeqvemdebara 

da damoukidebloba (avtokefalia) mogvianebiT, vaxtang 

gorgaslis dros, miiRo, rac daadastura konstantinopolis 

VI msoflio saeklesio krebam (680 w.): `brZanes 

esreT wmidisa eklesiisa saqarTvelosaTÂs, romel ars 

wmida mcxeTa, raTa iyos swor pativiTa viTarca samociqulo 

kaTolike eklesiani~ (qca I: 232; goilaZe 1991: 

189). 

XI saukuneSi saqarTvelos eklesiis avtokefalia 

eWvqveS dadga, radgan arsebobda azri, rom avtokefaliis 

ufleba mxolod im eklesiebs aqvT, romelnic mociqulebma 

daaarses, saqarTvelos eklesia ki, antioqiis 

eklesiis imJamindeli mesveurebis azriT, ar iyo mociqulTa 

mier daarsebuli. antioqiis patriarqTan gamarTuli 

disputis dros saeklesio damoukideblobis 

dacva wm. giorgi mTawmidelma SeZlo da yvela argumen- 

` 

1 IV saukuneSi, iseve rogorc mociqulTa dros, qarTli (iberia) Sav 

zRvamde vrceldeboda da moicavda dasavleT saqarTvelos (egriss) 

da Woroxis auzis qarTul provinciebs, sadac andria pirvelwodebulma 

qristes saxareba iqadaga. 

5 

ti àndria mociqulis mimoslvis~ teqstidan moiyvana, 

romelic qarTul enaze misma didma winamorbedma ef- 

Tvime aTonelma Targmna. es teqsti adasturebs, rom saqarTveloSi 

qristianoba iqadaga samma mociqulma: andria 

pirvelwodebulma, simon kananelma da mataTam 

(mataTiam). 

saqarTvelos qristianizaciisa da mociqulTa qadagebis 

istoria amave saukuneSi Seiswavles leonti mrovelma 

da efrem mcirem. leonti mrovelma mociqulTa 

misionerul marSrutSi daasaxela afxazeTi, egrisi da 

klarjeTi, xolo efrem mcirem wm. andria mxolod dasavleTi 

saqarTvelos (avazgiis // afxazeTis) pirvelmqadageblad 

gamoacxada. 

gansakuTrebuli pozicia daafiqsira ruis-urbnisis 

saeklesio krebam, romlis `Zegliswerac~ wm. andrias 

misionerul marSrutSi arcerT qarTul regions ar 

gamoyofs da yuradRebas amaxvilebs samociqulo qadagebis 

zogaderovnul mniSvnelobaze: wm. andriam iqadaga 

`yovelsa queyanasa saqarTveloÁsasa~ _ naTqvamia 

ganCinebaSi. e. i. mxolod afxazeTi, egrisi an klarje- 

Ti ki ar gananaTla, aramed _ sruliad saqarTvelo. 

`Zeglisweris~ es ganCineba, rogorc Cans, yvelas 

erTnairad ar esmoda, amitom XII saukunidan daiwyes 

àndria mociqulis mimoslvis~ teqstis informaciulad 

Sevseba. Seiqmna `mimoslvis~ adgilobrivi, qarTuli 

redaqciebi, romlebic wm. andrias misionerul mogzaurobebs 

sxvadasxva qarTul provinciaze ganavrcobdnen. 

andria pirvelwodebulis qadagebis marSrutSi 

Sevida: nigali, kola, artaani, tao, klarjeTi (anCa), 

aWara (didaWara), samcxe (awyuri), samegrelo, svaneTi, 

Sida qarTli, kaxeTi da sxva. 

am TvalsazrisiT, gansxvavebul tradiciebs Caeyara 

safuZveli arsen beris `ninos cxovrebasa~ da ioane an- 

Celis sagalobelSi. 

6

wm. andrias misionerul marSrutSi arsen berma nigali 

CarTo. `galobani anCis xatisanis~ mixedviT ki, 

mociqulma saqarTveloSi (klarjeTSi) daavana anCis 

macxovris xati. 

XV-XVI saukuneebSi literaturulad gaformda mesxuri 

gadmocema aWarasa (didaWarasa) da samcxeSi (awyurSi) 

wm. andrias qadagebis Sesaxeb, romlis mixedvi- 

Tac, wm. andrias mier saqarTveloSi SemobrZanebuli 

xati awyuris RvTismSobelia da ara anCis xati. 

XVIII saukuneSi `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqcia da 

mesxuri gadmocemis literaturuli varianti àxal 

qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ Seitanes. 

XIX saukunis istoriografiam ukritikod miiRo 

àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ Tavmoyrili cnobebi 2 . amis 

dasturia d. baqraZisa da m. broses naSromebi (baqraZe 

1889: 107; brose 1895: 33-34). danarCeni mkvlevarebi am ori 

mecnieris Tvalsazriss imeorebdnen, rogorc amas iv. 

javaxiSvili SeniSnavs. samagierod, hiperkritikuli aRmoCnda 

Tavad iv. javaxiSvilis gamokvleva, romelSic 

uaryofilia mociqulTa saqarTveloSi qadagebis faqti: 

ìs garemoeba, rom arc TviT saqarTveloSi icodnen 

VIII-IX saukunemde andrias iberiaSi mimosvlis Sesaxeb, 

uflebas gvaZlevs vTqvaT, rom andria pirvelwodebuli 

arc rodis ar yofila kavkasiaSi sazogadod da ker- 

Zod saqarTveloSi, rom andrias mimosvla da qadageba 

iveriaSi mxolod Tqmulebaa, iseTi Tqmuleba, romelsac 

istoriisaTvis araviTari mniSvneloba ara aqvs~ – 

werda jer kidev axalgazrda iv. javaxiSvili specialur 

gamokvlevaSi àndria mociqulis da wmida ninos 

moRvaweoba saqarTveloSi~ (javaxiSvili 1900: 48). mas es 

Sexeduleba arc SemdgomSi gadausinjavs. 

` 

2 ramdenadme gansxvavebul gzas daadga Teimuraz batoniSvili, 

romelmac wm. andrias misioneruli marSruti kidev ufro ganavrco 

da masSi aRmosavleTi saqarTvelos regionebTan erTad biWvinTac 

Seitana. 

7 

XX saukuneSi moRvawe qarTveli mecnierebi gverds 

ver uvlidnen iv. javaxiSvilis mosazrebas. aRniSnul- 

Tan dakavSirebiT r. siraZe wers: `samwuxarod, am saukunis 

dasawyisidan TviT saxelovani qarTveli mecnierebis 

mier àndreas mimoslvis~ mniSvneloba ignorirebul 

iqna, rac araa marTebuli. es iyo maqsimalisturi 

skefsisis gamovlineba. momavalSi mizanSewonilia amgvari 

nihilisturi mimarTebis daZleva~ (siraZe 1992: 

88). 

bolo ori aTwleuli sakiTxis kvlevisaTvis gansakuTrebiT 

nayofieri aRmoCnda. 

àndria mociqulis mimoslvis~ nihilisturi Sefasebis 

daZleva scada Tanamedrove qarTulma saeklesio 

istoriografiam, romelmac ndoba gamoucxada ara marto 

`mimoslvas~, aramed mis gviandel qarTul redaqciebs 

da àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ Setanil CanarTebs. 

amiT, arsebiTad, XIX saukunis qarTuli istoriografiuli 

tradicia aRorZinda, romelic sabWour periodSi 

TiTqmis bolomde miviwyebuli iyo (anania [jafariZe] 

2009: 118-127). 

ukanasknel periodamde àndria mociqulis mimoslva~ 

cnobili iyo m. sabininis gamocemiT, romelic gviandel, 

1839 wlis xelnawers (quT. 103) emyareboda (sabinini 

1882: 24-47). garda amisa, daudgeneli iyo qarTuli 

Targmanis berZnuli dedani. es xarvezebi m. kobiaSvilma 

gamoaswora, romelmac monografiulad Seiswavla 

`mimoslvis~ efTvimeseuli Targmani, gamoavlina misi 

berZnuli wyaro da xuT yvelaze sando xelnawerze 

dayrdnobiT gamosca akademiurad dadgenili teqsti, 

vrcel gamokvlevasTan erTad (mimosvla 2008). 

2001 wels sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqma, 

uwmindesma da unetaresma ilia II-m, daafuZna 

fondi `qristianuli kvlevis saerTaSoriso centri~, 

romelsac daeqvemdebara `wm. andria pirvelwodebulis 

8

gzis mkvlevi eqspedicia~ (xelmZRvaneli – d. berZeniSvili). 

2001-2008 wlebSi am jgufma saqarTvelosa da 

TurqeTis teritoriaze 5 samecniero eqspedicia moawyo. 

mopovebuli masalebi d. berZeniSvilis gamokvlevebTan 

erTad daibeWda wignSi àndria pirvelwodebulis nakvalevze~ 

(andria 2009). erT-erT statiaSi d. berZeniSvili 

samarTlianad aRniSnavs, rom àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ 

Setanili `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciebi da 

lokaluri gadmocemebi kritikul Seswavlas moiTxovs 

(berZeniSvili 2004: 84). 

winamdebare naSromi aRniSnuli problemebis istoriul-filologiur 

Seswavlas eZRvneba. cal-calke 

ganvixilavT bibliur, apokriful, hagiografiul, himnografiul, 

liturgikul, istoriografiul teqstebs 

da lokalur tradiciebs. 

Cveni mTavari mizania andria pirvelwodebulis saqarTveloSi 

qadagebis amsaxveli naTargmni da originaluri 

teqstebis kritikuli analizi, àndria mociqulis 

mimoslvis~ qarTul TargmanSi Setanil cvlilebebze 

Tvalis gadevneba da am teqstis qarTul redaqciebSi 

gviandeli plastebis gamoyofa, XI-XVIII saukuneebis 

qarTul literaturaSi Camoyalibebuli gansxvavebuli 

tradiciebis Seswavla da maTi wanamZRvrebis 

kvleva, im mizezebis Zieba, romelTa gamoc ganivrcoboda 

wm. andrias misioneruli moRvaweobis istoria 

da marSruti. 

9 

wm. andria pirvelwodebuli 

bibliasa da apokriful tradiciaSi 

andria pirvelwodebulisadmi miZRvnili literatura 

wminda werilTan erTad moicavs apokriful, hagiografiul, 

homiletikur da himnografiul teqstebs. 

mociqulis cxovrebis pirvel naxevarze kanonikur 

cnobebs àxali aRTqma~ gvawvdis. saxarebis mixedviT, 

wm. andria da misi Zma simoni (SemdgomSi – wm. petre 

mociquli) daibadnen galileis patara qalaq beTsaida- 

Si, romlis mkvidri iyo aseve wm. filipe mociquli 

(ioan. 1.44). 

galilea gamoirCeoda berZnul kulturasTan siaxloviT 

(Sdr.: ioan. 12.20-22), amitom ar aris gasakviri, 

rom ebraelma ionam Tavis umcros Svils berZnuli 

saxeli àndria~ daarqva _ Ανδρέας berZnulad `mxnes~, 

`mamacs~ niSnavs. 

beTsaida mebadurebis dasaxleba iyo. ionas ojaxic 

genesareTis tbaSi TevzWeras misdevda, jer beTsaidaSi, 

xolo Semdeg _ kapernaumSi, sadac andria da simoni 

mogvianebiT gadavidnen sacxovreblad. maTesa da markozis 

saxarebebis mixedviT, swored TevzWeris dros 

mouwoda Zmebs qristem da àdamianTa mebadurebad~ 

gadaqceva aRuTqva, riTac maTi mociqulebrivi misia 

gacxadda (maT. 4.18-22, mark. 1.16-18). 

wm. andria qristesTan misvlamde wm. ioane naTlismcemels 

daemowafa 3 . naTlisRebis meore dRes ki mociqulTagan 

pirveli Sexvda macxovars da maSinve gahyva 

mas, ris gamoc aRmosavlur qristianul tradiciaSi 

`pirvelwodebulis~ saxeli daimkvidra. manve miiyvana 

qristesTan Tavisi Zma simoni (ioan. 1.35-42). 

` 

3 wm. ioane naTlismcemlis mowafeobam zegavlena moaxdina wm. andria 

pirvelwodebulis ikonografiuli tipis Camoyalibebaze. maTi 

garegnuli msgavseba (Tma, pirisaxe) advilad SesamCnevia. 

10

damowafebisa da mociqulad arCevis Semdeg wm. andria 

TiTqmis aRarasodes ganSorebia macxovars, Tumca 

zemoT aRniSnuli epizodebis garda, igi òTxTavSi~ 

sagangebod mxolod ramdenjerme ixsenieba: macxovris 

mier xuTi aTasi kacis dapurebis epizodSi (ioan. 6.8) 

da zeTisxilis mTaze qadagebis dros, roca qristem 

Tavisi oTxi mociqulis (andrias, petres, iakobisa da 

ioanes) winaSe eklesiis momavali da meored mosvla 

iwinaswarmetyvela (mark. 13.3). 

qristes jvarcmisa da amaRlebis Semdeg wm. andria 

moxseniebulia zeTisxilis mTidan ierusalimSi dabrunebul 

mociqulTa Soris, romlebmac mataTa airCies 

iuda iskariotelis nacvlad (saqme 1.13). andria maTTan 

erTad iyo ormocdameaTe dResac, roca mociqulebze 

suli wmida gadmovida. 

wm. andria mociqulis Semdgom Rvawlze, qadagebasa 

da mowameobriv aRsasrulze mogviTxroben apokrifuli 

teqstebi, romelTa Zveli redaqciebi Semonaxulia 

berZnul, laTinur, siriul, somxur, qarTul, koptur 

da eTiopiur enebze. 

apokrifebs Soris yvelaze adreulia àndria mociqulis 

saqmeebi~, romelsac II saukunis Sua wlebiT TariRdeba 

(J.-m. priori). aseve adreulia àndria da 

barTlome mociqulebis saqmeebi~, `petre da andria 

mociqulebis saqmeebi barbarosTa qalaqSi~ da àndria 

da mataTa mociqulebis saqmeebi anTropofagTa (kacismWamelTa) 

qveyanaSi~ (enciklopedia II: 405-406). am ukanasknelis 

erT-erTi versia qarTuladac iyo naTargmni. 

apokrifis mokle Sinaarsi amgvaria: mociqulTa wilisyris 

dros wm. mataTas ergo anTropofagTa qveyanaSi 

qadageba. kacismWamelebma Tvalebi dasTxares mas, sasikvdilod 

gaamzades da sapyrobileSi gamoketes, sadac 

macxovarma gankurna. wm. mataTas gamosaxsnelad anTropofagebTan 

Casvla wm. andrias daevala, romelsac win 

11 

qriste miuZRoda. sapyrobilesTan misuli mociqulis 

locviT mcvelebma suli ganuteves da cixis karebi 

gaiRo, ris Semdegac andriam da tyveobidan gaTavisuflebulma 

mataTam mravali anTropofagi moaqcies qristes 

sarwmunoebaze. 

àndria da mataTa mociqulebis saqmeebis~ zogierT 

variantSi, saxelTa msgavsebisa da aRrevis gamo, mata- 

Tas nacvlad maTe maxarebeli ixsenieba (Ματθίας > 

Ματθαίος). Txzulebis qarTuli Targmanis saTauria: 

`mimoslvaÁ mociqulTaÁ, odes-igi waravlina ufalman 

mociquli andriaÁ sofelsa mas kacismWamelTasa gamoyvanebad 

maTesa sapyrobiliT~. teqsti aseTive saTauriT 

ixsenieba qarTul apokrifTa indeqsSi, romelic 

efTvime aTonels ekuTvnis: `mociqulTa cxorebani~ 

romelnime garyunil arian mwvalebelTagan: wmidisa 

maTe maxareblisaÁ da wmidisa andriasi~ (kekeliZe 1980: 

433, 448). 

eklesiis mier akrZaluli apokrifebis mravali motivi 

VIII-X saukuneebis bizantiel avtorTa (epifane monazvnis, 

nikita paflagonielisa da simeon logoTetis) 

sakiTxavebSi moxvda, Tumca gadamuSavebuli saxiT. 

magaliTad, epifane monazoni da nikita-daviT paflagonieli 

anTropofagebad (romlebzec àndria da mataTa 

mociqulebis saqmeebi~ mogviTxrobs) sinopSi mcxovreb 

warmarTebs miiCneven. 

apokrifebSi wm. andrias misioneruli mogzaurobebis 

Sesaxeb ori gansxvavebuli tradicia Camoyalibda. 

teqstebis erT nawilSi mociqulis qadageba ukavSirdeba 

SavizRvispireTis qveynebs, xolo meore nawilSi – 

skviTeTs. 

cnobebs SavizRvispireTSi wm. andriasa da wm. 

petres misionerul moRvaweobaze II-V saukuneebis apokrifebi 

gvawvdian. maT safuZvels umagrebs wm. petre 

mociqulis kaTolike epistole, romelic pontoeli, 

12

kapadokieli, asieli da biTvinieli pirvelqristianebisadmi 

mimarTviT iwyeba (1 petr. 1.1). am tradicias 

asaxavs somxuridan qarTulad naTargmni teqsti fsevdo-basilis 

`micvalebaÁ yovladwmidisa mariamisi~, romelSic 

SavizRvispireTis sxva regionebTan erTad 

dasasaxelebulia istoriuli kolxeTis miwa-wyalze 

arsebuli berZnuli savaWro axalSeni sebastopolisi 

(Zveli dioskuria, dRevandeli soxumi) da romauli 

cixesimagre afsarosi (dRevandeli gonio): 

`mariam hrqua andrias, iakobs da filipes, sÂmons da 

lukas: `mnebavs raÁTa Tquen mauwyoT, Tu rasa adgilsa 

iyveniT~. andria Tqua: `zRÂskideni biTÂnisani movlen da 

pontoÁsani da TrakeTisani da TrakonelTa queyanaÁ, da 

sebastinelTaca qalaqsa mived didsa, sadaca afsarelTa 

banaki iyo. amaT yovelTa zeda Zesa Sensa vqadagebdi~ 

(esbroki 1974: 141). 

saeklesio gardamocemis ganvrcobasa da ganviTarebaze 

politikurma faqtorebmac moaxdina zegavlena. 

konstantinopolis gaZlierebas mohyva misi episkoposebis 

aRzeveba4 da aqtualoba SeiZina wm. andrias 

qadagebis SavizRvispirul-balkanurma lokalizaciam, 

romelic mociqulis misionerul moRvaweobas konstantinopolis 

SemogarenTan akavSirebda. 

wm. andrias skviTeTSi qadagebaze uZveles cnobas 

Seicavs origenes (185-254) egzegetikuri naSromi `dabadebis 

Targmaneba~, romelic evsevi kesarielis (260-340) 

`saeklesio istoriaSia~ (1.3) citirebuli: 

` 

4 mociqulTa qadageba uZvelesi qristianuli centrebis prestiJs 

ganapirobebda, ris gamoc romis, aleqsandriis, antioqiisa da ierusalimis 

eklesiebis upiratesoba nikeis msoflio saeklesio krebam 

(325 w.) gansazRvra. meore msoflio saeklesio krebis me-3 kanonma 

(381 w.) aRmosavluri qristianobis centrad konstantinopoli gamoacxada 

da statusiT romis eklesias gautola: `kostantinopolisa 

episkopossa aqundin warCinebulebaÁ pativisaÁ, swori hromisa episkoposisaÁ, 

vinaÁTgan axali hromi ars igi~ (sjuliskanoni 1975: 261). 

13 

`rodesac Cveni macxovris wminda mociqulebi da 

mowafeebi mTels msoflioSi gaifantnen, Tomas, rogorc 

gadmocema gviambobs, parTia xvda wilad, andrias – 

skviTia, ioanes asia (aq moRvaweobda is da efesoSi 

gardaicvala), xolo petre, rogorc Cans, uqadagebda 

pontoSi, galatiasa da biTviniaSi, kapadokiasa da asiaSi 

gafantul iudeebs~ (georgika I: 29-30). 

skviTeTi andria pirvelwodebulis dros moicavda 

CrdiloeT SavizRvispireTs, kavkasiidan azovis zRvamde, 

rogorc amas ovidius nazoni (Zv. w. 43 – ax. w. 18) 

gvauwyebs (enciklopedia II: 372), amitom sruliad logikuria 

m. TamaraSvilis mosazreba, romlis mixedviTac, 

araviTari safuZveli ara gvaqvs vifiqroT, rom andria 

pirvelwodebuli `qveynierebas moivlida, sanam miaRwevda 

skviTeTs. yvelaze bunebrivi iqneboda, iq saqarTvelodan 

Casuliyo~ (TamaraSvili 1995: 166). 

swored amgvar logikas mihyvnen saeklesio 

istorikosebi, rasac xeli Seuwyo im garemoebamac, rom 

pirveli saukunisa da Semdgomi drois avtorebi 

(plutarqe, dionisios periegeti, stefane bizantieli, 

ioane cece, libaniosi da sxvebi) skviTTa qveyanaSi 

kolxeTsac gulisxmobdnen (mimosvla 2008: 114-115; anania 

[jafariZe] 2009: 127-130) 5 . 

amgvarad, saqarTvelo Sedioda wm. andrias qadagebis 

orive marSrutSi (SavizRvispireTi, skviTeTi), amitom 

ar aris gasakviri, rom sofroniusi (IV-V ss.), 

doroTeos tvireli (VI s.) da fsevdo-epifane kvipreli 

(VI-VII ss.) ufro akonkreteben wm. andrias qadagebis 

iberiul-kavkasiur marSruts da masSi sebastopolisisa 

da afsarosis garda SeaqvT: mdinare fazisi, kolxeTi 

(romelic Sida an meore eTiopiad ixsenieba, afrikis 

` 

5 apokrifebis nawili sxvadasxva lokalur, erovnul tradiciaze 

dayrdnobiT afarTovebda wm. andrias misioneruli moRvaweobis areals 

evropisa da aziis Soreuli regionebidan (britaneTi, skandinavia, 

altai, CineTi...) afrikis kontinentamde (aleqsandru 2004: 9-43). 

14

eTiopiisagan gamijvnis mizniT), iberia, susania (Zv. qar- 

Tuli – sosangeTi) 6 , fusta (Zv. qarTuli – fostafori) 7 

da alania (Zv. qarTuli – ovseTi). 

fsevdo-epifane kviprelis Txzuleba epifane monazvnis 

(IX s.) àndria mociqulis cxovrebaSia~ citirebuli 

da wm. andrias qadagebaze Semdegs gvauwyebs: 

`kviprosis episkoposi epifane ambobs, gadmocemis mixedviT, 

rom netarma mociqulma andriam damoZRvra skvi- 

Tebi, sogdianebi8 da gorsianebi9 did sebastopolSi, sadac 

aris afsaris cixe (ή παρεμβολή Άψάρου), hisos navsadguri10 da mdinare fazisi. iq mosaxleoben iberebi, susebi, 

fustelebi da alanebi~ (georgika IV: 57; VII: 113, 115). 

uklebliv yvela bizantiuri wyaros mixedviT, wm. 

andrias misioneruli marSruti dasavleT da samxreTdasavleT 

saqarTveloze gadis, amitom ar aris 

gasakviri, rom mociqulebis aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi 

qadagebas `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ (IV-VII ss.) uaryofs: 

ètyodes dedofali salome uJarmeli da peroJavri 

sivnieli da maT Tana yovelni mTavarni hkiTxvides mas da 

etyodes: `vinaÁ anu viTar moSuer Sen queyanasa Cuensa 

macxovrad Cuenda, anu sada-me iyo aRzrdaÁ Seni, dedo- 

` 

6 susania-sosangeTi – Σουσανία

sinamdvileSi, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ IV saukunis 

istoriul viTarebas asaxavs, amitom `qarTli~ pirvel 

rigSi qarTl-kaxeTs aRniSnavs (musxeliSvili 1993: 341- 

342), romlis mkvidrnic arian teqstis aRniSnul monakveTSi 

naxsenebi pirebi: salome ujarmeli, peroJavri 

sivnieli da `yovelni mTavarni~. aqedan gamomdinare, 

sityvebSi `Cuenda aravin moavlina RmerTman~ isini, 

qarTlis samefos im samTavroebs gulisxmoben, sadac 

mociqulebs ar uqadagiaT. analogiur azrs gamoTqvams 

s. gogitiZec (gogitiZe 1997: 17-18) 12 . 

am TvalsazrisiT, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ srulad 

eTanxmeba bizantiur istoriul wyaroebs, romlebic 

gvauwyeben, rom wm. andriam swored saqarTvelos SavizRvispireTsa 

da mis mimdebare regionebSi iqadaga. 

qarTul enaze wm. andrias qadagebis Sesaxeb arsebul 

uZveles cnobebs vxvdebiT `mravalTavebSi~, romelTa 

arqetipebi V-VI saukuneebiT TariRdeba. Cvenamde 

moaRwia am krebulis gviandelma nusxebma. erT-erT maTganSi, 

`klarjul mravalTavSi~ (X s.), daculia doro- 

Teos tvirelis homilia àTormetTa mociqulTa 

mosaÃsenebeli~ 13 , romelSic avtori wm. andrias qadagebas 

dasavleTi da samxreTi saqarTvelos CvenTvis ukve 

kargad cnobil geografiul punqtebs (sebastopoliss, 

afsarelTa banaks, md. faziss, eTiopias) ukavSirebs 14: 

` 

12 `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ aRniSnuli monakveTi mociqulTa qadagebis 

konteqstSi pirvelad leonti mrovelma gaiazra, razec wignis momdevno 

TavSi visaubrebT. 

13 doroTeosi kargad icnobda wm. andrias cxovrebasTan dakavSirebul 

realiebs, rasac amave krebulSi Setanili `sameocdaaTTa mociqulTa 

mosaÃsenebeli~ adasturebs: `filiologe... romeli episkopos 

iqmna andrea mociqulisagan sinops~ (mravalTavi 1991: 386). 

14 msgavsi suraTia efTvime aTonelis `mcire svinaqsarSi~ (mimosvla 

2008: 139-140). romlis cnobac sityva-sityviT meordeba giorgi 

mTawmidelis `did svinaqsarSi~: `merme warvida sevastopolis qalaqsa 

mas didsa, sada-igi Sesdian orni mdinareni, romelTa ewodebis 

fasos da fsaros, Sinagan eTiopiisa mkÂdrTa~ (didi svinaqsari 2003: 

254). 

17 

àndrea... Semdgomad misa warvida sebastielTa qalaqsa 

mas didsa, sada banaki igi iyo afsarelTaÁ, da fasisi 

mdinarÀ, sada-igi uSinaganÀsni eTiopelTani damkvidrebul 

arian~ (mravalTavi 1991: 387). 

amave wyaros mixedviT, kolxeTSi (eTiopiaSi) iqadaga 

mataTa mociqulma, romelic aqve ganisvenebs: 

`mataTia, romeli Seracxil ars aTormetTa maT [Tana], 

nacvalad iudaÁsa, pirvelsa eTiopisasa qadaga qristÀ, 

aResrula da daefla munve~ (gv. 388). 

am cnobas ufro akonkretebs sofroniusi, romelic 

ieronimes Txzulebis damatebaSi wers: 

`mataTiam... iqadaga saxareba meore eTiopiaSi, sadac 

aris afsaris cixe-simagre da hÂsis navTsadguri... iqve 

gardaicvala da damarxulia dRemde~ (ingoroyva 1954: 224). 

qarTul originalur literaturaSi andria pirvelwodebulisadmi 

miZRvnili Txzulebebis gavlenis 

kvali pirvelad àbos wamebis~ teqstSi dasturdeba. 

ioane sabanisZe garkveviT aRniSnavs, rom qarTvelebi 

`xuTasisa wlisa JamTa da uwinaresRa~ arian naziarebni 

qristes rjuls. n. fruiZis dakvirvebiT, avtori aq 

konkretulad ar uTiTebs, Tu vis saxels ukavSirdeba 

saqarTvelos gaqristianeba, magram friad araorazrovnad 

mianiSnebs andria mociqulze (fruiZe 2002: 9). 

niSandoblivia isic, rom ioane sabanisZisTvis egris-afxazeTis 

samefos sazRvrebSi orientiris funqcia 

mociqulTa qadagebasTan dakavSirebul geografiul 

punqtebs akisria: 

`sazRvar maTda ars zRuaÁ igi pontoÁsaÁ, samkÂdrebeli 

yovladve qristianeTaÁ, misazRvradmde qaldiaÁsa, 

trapezuntiaÁ mun ars, sayofeli afsareaÁsa, nafsaÁs 

navTsadguri~ (Zeglebi I: 59). 

p. ingoroyva aRniSnavs, rom samive dasaxelebuli 

punqti saqarTveloSi Sedis da mociqulTa qadagebas 

ukavSirdeba: trapezuntidan wm. andria Semovida saqar- 

18

TveloSi 15 , afsarosSia wm. mataTas saflavi, nafsaÁs 

navsadgurSi (nikofsSi) ki ganisvenebs simon kananeli. 

garda amisa, gamoTqma `sayofeli afsareaÁsa~ (Sdr.: 

doroTeosis `banaki igi iyo afsarelTaÁ~ – r. x.) warmoadgens 

`mociqulTa mosaxsenebelSi~ dadasturebuli 

frazis `parembole afsaros~-is sityvasityviT Targmans 

(ingoroyva 1954: 211). p. ingoroyvas mier SeniSnuli 

frazeologiuri Tanxvedra sagulisxmo faqtad unda 

CaiTvalos, radgan àbos wameba~ `mravalTavisTvis~ iyo 

gamiznuli, rac, cxadia, xels uwyobda ioane sabanisZis 

Txzulebis siaxloves am krebulis masalasTan, ker- 

Zod, doroTeos tvirelis `mociqulTa mosaxseneblis~ 

teqstTan. 

` 

15 p. ingoroyvas azriT, VIII saukunis bolos trapezunti afxazeTis 

sazRvrebSi Sedioda (ingoroyva 1954: 213), rasac mecnierTa didi 

nawili ar iziarebs (janaSia 1959: 338; lorTqifaniZe 1963: 180-186). 

19 

àndria mociqulis mimoslva~ da misi kvali 

XI saukunis qarTul literaturaSi 

VII-IX saukuneebis bizantiur literaturaSi Camoyalibda 

wm. andria pirvelwodebulis vrceli kanonikuri 

cxovrebani, romlebic mociqulTa aqtebisa da apokrifuli 

teqstebis gadamuSavebis Sedegad Seiqmna. maTgan 

uadresia e. w. Narratio (VII s.). yvelaze meti popularoba 

ki moipova epifane monazvnis àndria pirvelwodebulis 

cxovrebam~, romelic 815-843 wlebs Sorisaa dawerili 

(enciklopedia II: 371) 16 . 

epifane monazonma andria pirvelwodebulis qadageba, 

pavle mociqulis mimosvlaTa analogiiT (saqme 13.1- 

14.28; 15.36-18.22; 18.23-21.17), sam mogzaurobad dayo da 

saqarTvelos qristianizaciis sakiTxs didi adgili 

dauTmo. `cxovrebis~ mixedviT, mociqulma iqadaga lazikis 

qalaq trapezuntSi, iberiaSi, fazisSi, susaniaSi, 

fustasa da abazgiaSi – did sebastopolisSi (georgika 

IV: 58-59). 

Semdgomi drois avtorebi (nikita-daviT paflagonieli, 

simeon metafrasti da sxvebi), romlebic andria 

pirvelwodebulis Sesaxeb werdnen, ZiriTadad epifane 

monazvnis teqsts emyarebodnen. 

epifane monazvnis àndria pirvelwodebulis cxovrebis~ 

gadamuSavebas warmoadgens nikita-daviT paflagonielis 

(†890) àndria mociqulis mimoslva~, romelic 

qarTulad efTvime aTonelma Targmna. `mimoslvis~ efTvime 

aToneliseuli Targmani dasaxelebulia ioane 

aTonelis cnobili ànderZis~ (1002 w.) zogierT gviandel 

nusxaSi (menabde 1980: 195), magram am Txzulebis 

` 

16 epifane monazoni konstantinopolis kalistratTa monastris mo- 

Rvawe iyo. Txzulebis daweramde man sagangebod imogzaura wm. andrias 

mier naqadageb qveynebSi da literaturul wyaroebTan (klimenti 

romaelis, evagre sicilielisa da epifane kviprelis TxzulebebTan) 

erTad zepiri gadmocemebic gaiTvaliswina (georgika IV: 

57; mimosvla 2008: 84). 

20

Semcvel uZveles xelnawerSi (A-1103, XI s.) pirdapiraa 

aRniSnuli, rom Targmani Sesrulebulia 1011 wels: 

òdes ese iTargmna, qarTuli qronikoni iyo sla 

(231+780=1011), berZnuli dasabamiTganni xfiT (6519- 

5508=1011)~ (kobiaSvili 1998: 112). 

epifane monazvnis Txzulebis msgavsad, `mimoslvis~ 

mixedviT, wm. andriam samive misioneruli mogzauroba 

ierusalimidan daiwyo, SavizRvispira qveynebSi ki mis 

mTavar adgilsamyofels sinopi warmoadgenda. sinopidan 

mociquli orjer trapezuntSi gaemgzavra, xolo 

mesamed – patraSi, sadac Tavisi miwieri cxovreba jvarze 

mowamebrivi sikvdiliT daasrula 17 . 

pirveli mogzaurobis dros andria pirvelwodebulma 

petre mociqulTan erTad movlo antioqia 18 , tiana 

(kapadokiaSi) 19 da ankviria (galatiaSi) 20 , saidanac 

sinopSi Cavida da mataTa sapyrobilidan gaaTavisufla. 

aqve gaiyara andria da petre mociqulebis gzebic: 

` 

17 tradiciis mixedviT, wm. andria uwamebiaT daxril jvarze, romelsac 

aso X-is forma hqonda. andria pirvelwodebulis wminda nawilebi 

patraSi 357 wlamde inaxeboda, roca bizantielma mxedarTmTavarma 

artemiusma isini konstantinopolSi gadaasvena. am droidan 

dResaswaulobs marTlmadidebeli eklesia wm. andria pirvelwodebulis 

dRes (30 noemberi). mociqulis relikviebis mcire nawili 

SotlandiaSi (sent-endriusSi) Caitana wm. regulusma. 1208 wels, 

jvarosnebis mier konstantinopolis aRebis Semdeg, wm. andrias 

nawilebi kardinalma petre kapuanelma gadaasvena amalfiSi 

(italia), sadac isini dRemde inaxeba. jvarosnuli laSqrobebis 

dros burgundiis hercogis mier saberZneTidan gatanili wm. 

andrias jvris nawilebi patraSi 1968 wels dabrunda. mociqulis 

patiosani Tavis qala ki, romelic Toma paleologma 1462 wels 

romis paps gadasca, 1964 wels daubrunda marTlmadideblebs da 

amJamad patris wm. andrias saxelobis axal sakaTedro eklesiaSia 

dasvenebuli. garda amisa, wm. andrias nawilebi inaxeba kunZul 

kefaliniaze, aTonis mTaze, ruseTsa da saqarTveloSi. igi iTvleba 

saberZneTis, ruseTis, Sotlandiis, rumineTis, siciliis, amalfis, 

agreTve, mezRvaurTa da meTevzeTa wminda mfarvelad (kiknaZe 1997: 

149; enciklopedia II: 375; aleqsandru 2004: 50-51). 

18 antioqia – dRevandeli anTaqia (TurqeTi, haTais ili). 

19 tiana – kapadokiis qalaqi, dRevandeli qemerhisari (TurqeTi). 

20 ankviria – galatiis mTavari qalaqi, dRevandeli ankara (TurqeTi). 

21 

petrem `wariyvana gaioz da sxuani Zmani da waremarTa 

dasavalisa kerZoTa, xolo RmerTSemosilman andrea, 

mataTias Tana da sxuaTa mowafeTa, mihmarTa aRmosavalisa 

queyanaTa da miiwia amasinelTa qalaqsa~. amasinelTa 

qalaqSi 21 wm. andria qadagebda mataTasTan da 7 

sxva mociqulTan (TadeozTan, tviqikosTan, astaqesTan, 

evvodiosTan, simonTan, aRapitosTan da domentisTan) 

erTad. aq, `SesakrebelTa huriaTasa~, man aaSena yovladwmida 

RvTismSoblis taZari, ris Semdegac `mravalni 

qalaqni da dabnebi pontoÁsa gananaTlna~ da 

trapezuntSi mivida _ `sofelsa megrelTasa~ 22 , iqadaga 

`queyanasa qarTlisasa~ da bolos parTiis gziT ierusalimSi 

dabrunda (mimosvla 2008: 167-175) 23 . 

meore mogzauroba andria mociqulma ioane maxarebelTan 

erTad daiwyo da ierusalimidan antioqiis gavliT 

efesoSi 24 Cavida, sadac qriste gamoecxada mas, 

biTviniaSi wasvla ubrZana da uTxra, rom `guTeTSi~ 

(skviTeTSi) 25 qadagebac masve elodeboda. qristes gamocxadebis 

Semdeg mociquli lavdikias (frigia) 26 ewvia, 

aqedan – odisos (mizia) 27 , gadavlo ulumbos mTa (biTviniis 

olimpi) da Cavida nikeaSi 28 , sadac ori weli 

` 

21 amasinelTa qalaqi (amiso) – dRevandeli samsuni (TurqeTi). 

22 efTvimes TargmanSi `megrelTa sofeli~ Seesabameba dedniseul 

lazikas (Λαζική) (mimosvla 2008: 94). 

23 saqarTveloSi wm. andrias pirvel mogzaurobaze amave cnobebs 

gvawvdis epifane monazoni: `mivida trapezundSi, lazikis qalaqSi... 

iqidan is wavida iberiaSi~ (georgika IV 1 : 58). 

24 efeso – istoriuli qalaqi egeosis zRvis sanapiroze, Tanamedrove 

qalaq selCukis (TurqeTi) SemogarenSi. 

25 skviTias efTvime Targmnis `queyanad guTeTisa~, radgan, misTvis 

cnobilia, rom skviTebis teritoriebi mogvianebiT guTebma daikaves 

(berZeniSvili 2004: 75; mimosvla 2008: 96). 

26 lavdikia // laodokia – dRevandeli esqihisari (TurqeTi). 

27 efTvime aToneli mizias (Μυσία) amasiad Targmnis, xolo odisopoliss 

– odisod (mimosvla 2008: 97). SesaZloa, es cvlileba imiT 

iyos gamowveuli, rom am monakveTSi mociqulis misioneruli gza 

sruliad moulodnelad gadadis frigiidan miziaSi. 

28 nikea – istoriuli qalaqi mcire aziaSi, dRevandeli izniqi 

(TurqeTi, bursis ili). 

22

dahyo da mravali saswauli aRasrula: gandevna eSmakebi, 

mokla urCxuli, daimorCila avazakebi da Semusra 

kerpebi (artemidasa da afroditesi). wm. andriam nikeis 

Semdeg moinaxula nikomidia 29 , qalkedoni (biTvinia) 30 , 

zRvispira pontos heraklia 31 , amastridi 32 , xaraki (par- 

Tenis xeoba) da isev sinops estumra, romlis 

mkvidrebmac mataTas gaTavisuflebis gamo scemes mas 

(erTma sinopelma TiTi moaWama mociquls). sinopSi wm. 

andriam mkvdari aRadgina, mravali moaqcia qristianobaze 

da zRvispireTSi qadageba ganagrZo `vidre 

dabadmde, romelsa ewodeba zaliqoÁ~. moinaxula amasia 

da trapezuntSi Cavida: `miiwia trapezundad, qalaqsa 

mas samegreloÁsasa, sada-igi mkÂdr iyvnes... kacni ugulisxmoni 

da ugunurni. TÂnier maTca Seiwynares qadagebaÁ 

mociqulisaÁ~. aqedan wm. andria neokesariis 33 

gavliT samosatisken 34 gaemarTa (`romeli ars sazRvarsa 

parTTasa~), sadac berZeni da sparsi warmarTi 

filosofosebi daamarcxa disputSi, ris Semdegac 

ierusalimSi dabrunda (mimosvla 2008: 175-188). 

bolo, mesame mogzaurobis dasawyisSi andria pirvelwodebuli 

sxva mociqulTa TanxlebiT mivida qalaq 

edesaSi 35 , sadac Tadeozi datova, Tavad ki simon kananelTan 

da mataTasTan erTad saqarTveloSi Semovida 

da iqadaga `queyanad qarTlisa da vidre mdinaredmde 

Woroxisa~ 36 . saqarTveloSi, kerZod, sosangeTSi (`sosan- 

` 

29 nikomidia – Tanamedrove izmiTi, marmarilos zRvis sanapiroze 

(TurqeTi, kojaeli). 

30 qalkedoni _ dRevandeli qadiqoi, stambolis aziuri nawili. 

31 heraklia (ponto) – Tanamedrove eregli (TurqeTi, zonguldaqi). 

32 amastridi – Tanamedrove amasra (TurqeTi, zonguldaqis ili, bar- 

TinTan axlos). 

33 neokesaria – Tanamedrove niqsari (TurqeTi, ToqaTis ili). 

34 samosati – Tanamedrove samsaTi, mdinare evfratis napirze (TurqeTi, 

adiamanis ili). 

35 edesa – dRevandeli urfa // Sanliurfa (TurqeTi). 

36 dedniseul faziss (Φάσις) efTvime aToneli Woroxad Targmnis 

(mimosvla 2008: 108). 

23 

gelTa sofelsa~) dedakaci mTavari 37 moaqcia, iqve datova 

mataTa `sxvaTa maT Tana mowafeTa~ da simon kananelTan 

erTad Sevida oseTis qveyanaSi, qalaq fostaforSi 

38 `mravalni erni~ gananaTla, iqadaga afxazeTsa 

da sevastiaSi (soxumSi), sadac daSorda simonsac. 

jiqeTSi saswaulebrivad gadaurCa sikvdils, qadagebiT 

ganvlo svildia, bosfori 39 , Tevdosia da guTebis qalaqi 

`qerovneTi~ 40 , Semdeg isev bosforSi 41 dabrunda, 

àRÃda navsa guTelisa~, pontos zRva gadacura da ukanasknelad 

ewvia sinops, romlis episkoposad filologe 

daadgina. moixila da ganamtkica zRvispireTSi àR- 

Senebulni eklesiani da ganaTlebulni erni~, bizantionSi 

42 episkoposad staqe akurTxa, akropolis adgilze 

RvTismSoblis taZari aaSena da herakliaSi (Trakia) 

gadavida, ris Semdegac `movlo yovelni qalaqni make- 

` 

37 s. yauxCiSvili `susanias~ (sosangeTs) svaneTTan aigivebs: Σουσανίαν 

> Σου[σ]ανίαν (georgika I: 58). epifane monazvnis cnobiT, susaniis 

`tomis mamakacebs mbrZaneblobdnen qalebi. advilad damyolia qalis 

buneba da isinic male daemorCilnen~ (georgika VII: 115). s. yauxCiSvili 

erTgvar winaaRmdegobaSi vardeba, roca epifanes cnobasTan 

dakavSirebiT aRniSnavs, rom avtors ùTuod, mxedvelobaSi hyavs 

amorZalebi, romelTac miTebi aTavseben dasavleT saqarTvelos 

samxreT nawilSi~ (georgika VII: 114). 

38 `mimoslvis~ mixedviT, fusta alanebis xelSia sagulvebeli 

(mimosvla 2008: 108). fustebi, anu misimianebi igive svanebi arian, 

kerZod, svanTa is nawili, romelic dRevandeli afxazeTis teritoriaze 

ZvelTaganve saxlobda (lomouri 1993: 78). sagulisxmoa, rom 

svanur enas sityva `fust~ (//fusd...) RvTis mniSvnelobiT Semounaxavs 

(WumburiZe 2005: 82). 

39 bosfori – dRevandeli qerCi (ukraina). 

40 qerovneTi – xersonesi, yofili berZnuli kolonia yirimSi, dRevandeli 

sevastopoli (ukraina). 

41 Zveli rusuli matiane `gardasul welTa ambavi~ (daaxl. 1113 w.) 

wm. andrias bolo misioneruli mogzaurobis marSrutSi ruseTsac 

asaxelebs. am teqstis mixedviT, andria mociquli mdinare dnepris 

napirebs CrdiloeTisken gahyva, kievis mTaze ruseTis momavali 

dedaqalaqi akurTxa da jvari aRmarTa, Semdeg ki novgorods da mis 

orTqlis abanoebs ewvia (miuleri 1974: 48-63). 

42 bizantioni – qalaqi bosforis srutis evropul sanapiroze (330 

wlidan – konstantinopoli, 1453 wlidan – stamboli (< (kon)stan- 

(tino)poli). 

24

doniisani vidre Tesalonikemde~ 43 . bolos aqaiis qalaq 

patraSi44 Cavida, gankurna da moaqcia anTipati lesbiosi, 

warmarTi anTipatis – egeatis brZanebiT ki Seipyres 

igi da sikvdiliT dasajes (mimosvla 2008: 188-210). 

amgvarad, `mimoslvis~ teqstis Tanaxmad, andria 

pirvelwodebulma samive misioneruli mogzaurobis 

dros iqadaga saqarTveloSi (marTalia, meore mogzaurobis 

dros – mxolod trapezuntSi, magram epifane 

monazvnisa da nikita paflagonielis mixedviT, isic 

qarTvelTa, `lazTa qalaqia~). aqedan gamomdinare, ar 

aris gasakviri, rom giorgi mTawmidelma (1009-1065) 

Tevdosi antioqiel patriarqTan disputis dros (1057 

w.) `mimoslvis~ berZnuli teqsti (xinTibiZe 1969: 101) gamoiyena 

avtokefaliis dasacavad, rogorc mociqulTa 

saqarTveloSi qadagebis utyuari dokumenti: 

`me mogce maT yovelTa wil pasuxi, moRebad ec wigni 

`mimoslvaÁ andrea mociqulisaÁ~ da muniT geuwyos 

saZiebeli Tqueni~. xolo patreaqman ubrZana Teofiles, 

naTesaviT qarTvelsa, romeli-igi ukuanaÁsknel tarsus 

mitropolit iqmna, moReba wignisa mis. da viTar moiRes, 

pirvel warkiTxvisa hrqua berman patreaqsa: `wmidao meufeo, 

Sen ityÂ, viTarmed Tavisa mis mociqulTaÁsa petres 

saydarsa vzio45 , xolo Cven pirvelwodebulisa da Zmisa 

TÂsisa mwodebelisa nawilni varT da samwysoni da mis 

mier moqceulni da ganaTlebulni; da erTi wmidaTa 

aTormetTa mociqulTagani – simons vityvi kananelsa – 

queyanasa Cuensa damarxul ars afxazeTs, romelsa nikofsi 

ewodebis. amaT wmidaTa mociqulTa ganaTlebulni varT~ 

(giorgi mcire 1967: 154). 

giorgi mTawmidelis damowmebul sityvebSi àndria 

mociqulis mimoslvis~ informacia SekumSuli saxiTaa 

` 

43 makedonia – saberZneTis provincia, romlis mTavari qalaqia saloniki 

(Zveli Tesalonike). 

44 patra – peloponesis naxevarkunZulis mTavari saporto qalaqi 

(saberZneTi). 

45 antioqiis eklesia petre mociqulma daaarsa. am tradiciis wyaroa 

axali aRTqmis cnoba wm. petres antioqiaSi vizitis Sesaxeb (gal. 

2.11). origene wm. petres monacvled da antioqiis meore episkoposad 

egnate RmerTSemosils asaxelebs (enciklopedia II: 539). 

25 

mocemuli. masSi ar Cans, rom wm. andriam saqarTveloSi 

samjer imogzaura, magram aRniSnulia yvela arsebiTi 

momenti, romlebic saqarTvelos eklesiis samociqulo 

xasiaTze mianiSnebs: 

1) saqarTvelo wm. andrias `nawilia~, e. i. misi 

wilxvedria. aq igulisxmeba `mimoslvis~ cnoba, romlis 

mixedviTac, mociqulTa wilisyris dros RmerTma 

wm. andria `ganaCina qadagebad aRmosavalisa da CrdiloÁsaTa, 

vidre makedoniad da aqaiadmde~ (mimosvla 

2008: 165) 46 . am TvalsazrisiT, niSandoblivia, rom giorgi 

mcire `giorgi mTawmidelis cxovrebaSi~ sxvaganac ubrundeba 

mociqulTa qadagebis Temas da saqarTvelos isev 

àRmosavleTs~ // àRmosavals~ uwodebs: 

àmaT obolTaTÂs waruZRua RmerTi aRmosavleTs, da 

esreT yoveli aRmosavali gananaTla da nawili igi andrea 

mociqulisaÁ da simon kananelisaÁOkualad ganamtkica, 

rameTu andrea mociqulman movlo queyanaOCueni, xolo 

simon kananelman sruliad daimkÂdra, rameTu nikofss 

arian nawilni misni wmidani~ (giorgi mcire 1967: 173). 

2) saqarTvelo wm. andrias `samwysoa, mis mier 

moqceuli da ganaTlebuli~, radgan, `mimoslvis~ teqstidan 

cnobilia, rom pirveli mogzaurobis dros mociquli 

`Sevida queyanasa qarTlisasa, vinaÁca-igi dayo 

Jami friadi da mravalni gananaTlna sityÂTa moZRurebisa 

misisaÁTa da Sewirna uflisa wmidisa naTlis- 

RebiTa~ (mimosvla 2008: 175). meore mogzaurobis dros 

moaqcia trapezunti – `sofeli megrelTa~ (gv. 187), 

mesame mogzaurobis dros ki man gacilebiT meti dro 

dahyo saqarTveloSi – iberiasa da afxazeTSi, gananaTla 

Woroxis auzis qveynebi, sosangeTi, sebastopolisi 

da fostafori (gv. 189); 

3) andria pirvelwodebulma saqarTveloSi iqadaga 

simon kananelTan erTad, romelic aqve, afxazeTSi, 

` 

46 rogorc m. kobiaSvilma aRniSna, bolo fraza (`vidre makedoniad 

da aqaiadmde~) efTvime mTawmidels Caumatebia qarTul TargmanSi 

(mimosvla 2008: 83). 

26

kerZod, nikofsSi ganisvenebs 47 . am SemTxvevaSic, cxadia, 

giorgi mTawmideli misdevs `mimoslvis~ Sesabamis 

monakveTs: 

èrTi wmidaTa aTormetTa mociqulTagani – simons 

vityvi kananelsa – queyanasa Cuensa damarxul ars afxazeTs, 

romelsa nikofsi ewodebis~; 

Sdr.: `sÂmon kananelisa saflavi ars nikofse qalaqsa, 

Soris afxazeTisa da jiqeTisa~ (mimosvla 2008: 190). 

`mimoslvis~ mixedviT, nikofsi mdebareobs `Soris 

afxazeTisa da jiqeTisa~ (mimosvla 2008: 190). ioane sabanisZis 

droidan, nikofsi afxazeTis (dasavleTi saqarTvelos) 

ukiduresi CrdiloeTi punqtia (Zeglebi I: 

59). asevea `giorgi mTawmidelis cxovrebaSi~: `[simon 

kananeli] queyanasa Cuensa damarxul ars afxazeTs, romelsa 

nikofsi ewodebis~ (giorgi mcire 1967: 154). 

amgvarad, giorgi mciris Txzuleba pirveli qarTuli 

originaluri teqstia, romelSic wm. andrias saqar- 

TveloSi qadagebis istoria `mimoslvis~ mixedviTaa 

gadmocemuli da siRrmiseulad gaazrebuli. 

leonti mrovelma (XI s.-is II naxevari) andria 

pirvelwodebulis saqarTveloSi qadagebis epizodi 

`qarTlis cxovrebaSi~, kerZod, aderkis mefobis qronikaSi 

Seitana: 

àmisve aderkis mefobasa Sina movides aTormetTa wmidaTa 

mociqulTaganni andria da sÂmon kananeli afxazeTs 

da egriss. da mun aResrula wmida sÂmon kananeli qalaqsa 

nikofsisasa, sazRvarsa berZenTasa. xolo andria moaqcivna 

megrelni da warvida gzasa klarjeTisasa~; `xolo viTarca 

esma mefesa aderkis megrelTagan sjulisa dateveba, 

ganuwyra da waravlinna erisTavni misni, da iZulebiT 

kualadve miaqcivna megrelni. da damalnes xatni da juar- 

` 

47 nikofsi – DdRevandeli neCespuxo, istoriuli cixe-qalaqi Tanamedrove 

soWsa da tuafses Soris (ruseTi). 

rogorc T. beraZe aRniSnavs, XIV-XV saukuneebSi, roca CrdiloaRmosavleT 

SavizRvispireTSi saqarTvelos gavlena TandaTan Sesustda, 

simon kananelis wminda nawilebi nikofsidan anakofiaSi 

(axal aTonSi) gadmoasvenes, sadac SemdgomSi misi saxelobis taZari 

aSenda (beraZe 1998: 109). 

27 

ni, da Serisxna mefe aderki erisTavsa klarjeTisasa, romel 

mSÂdobiT ganuteva andria mociquli~ (qca I: 38, 42) 48 . 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ es monakveTi mravalmxriv 

aris saintereso. Tavdapirvelad leonti mroveli imeorebs 

`mimoslvis~ imave informacias, romelsac `giorgi 

mTawmidelis cxovrebaSi~ vxvdebiT da saqarTvelos 

eklesiis samociqulo xasiaTze miuTiTebs (andria pirvelwodebulisa 

da simon kananelis qadageba; simon 

kananelis saflavi nikofsSi). garda amisa, leonti 

mroveli, giorgi mTawmidelis msgavsad, wm. andrias 

misionerul moRvaweobas erT mogzaurobad gaiazrebs, 

Tumca TvalSisacemia `mefeTa cxovrebasa~ da `giorgi 

mTawmidelis cxovrebas~ Soris arsebuli gansvavebebic. 

`giorgi mTawmidelis cxovreba~ wm. andrias qadagebas 

mTels saqarTveloze ganazogadebs. giorgi 

mTawmideli ambobs: `Cven pirvelwodebulisa da Zmisa 

TÂsisa mwodebelisa nawilni varT da samwysoni da mis 

mier moqceulni da ganaTlebulni~, – `Cven~ aq (iseve, 

rogorc giorgi mciris mier naxsenebi àRmosavleTi~ 

da àRmosavali~) gulisxmobs sruliad saqarTvelos, 

radgan disputis dros giorgi mTawmidels swored im 

faqtis dasabuTeba surda, rom saqarTvelos ganmanaTleblebi 

mociqulebi iyvnen. 

leonti mrovels ki sxvagvari mizandasaxuloba 

aqvs. misTvis, rogorc istorikosisaTvis, mniSvnelovania 

ara marto faqtebis konstatacia, aramed maTi 

warmodgena drosa da sivrceSi, istoriuli tradiciisa 

da wyaroebis: mocemul SemTxvevaSi – adreuli istoriuli 

tradiciis, àndria mociqulis mimoslvisa~ da 

`giorgi mTawmidelis cxovrebis~, gaTvaliswineba. leonti 

mrovels, aRniSnul wyaroebze dayrdnobiT, wm. andrias 

misionerul marSrutSi Seaqvs: afxazeTi, egrisi 

(megrelni), nikofsi da klarjeTi. 

` 

48 leonti mrovelis cnobebs imeorebs vaxuSti batoniSvili da 

damatebiT aRniSnavs, rom mociqulebi CvenSi movidnen 38 wels (qca 

IV: 62). 

28

ogorc davinaxeT, `giorgi mTawmidelis cxovreba~ 

egrissa da klarjeTs ar asaxelebs wm. andrias misionerul 

marSrutSi. garda amisa, giorgi mTawmidelis sityvasa 

da leonti mrovelis Sesabamis fragments nikofsis 

lokalizaciac ganasxvavebs. Tuki giorgi mTawmidelis- 

Tvis nikofsi mdebareobs `queyanasa Cuensa... afxazeTs~, 

leonti mrovelisTvis igi saberZneTis teritoriis Semadgeneli 

nawilia da Sedis `sazRvarsa berZenTasa~, radgan 

mociqulTa dros saqarTvelos Crdilo-dasavleTi sazRvari 

egriswyalze gadioda (anania [jafariZe] 2009: 148) da 

nikofsi saberZneTs ekuTvnoda. aqedan gamomdinare, leonti 

mrovelis sityvebi `qalaqsa nikofsisasa, sazRvarsa 

berZenTasa~ Zvel istoriul viTarebas asaxavs. 

`mefeTa cxovrebaSi~ Zveli istoriuli viTarebis 

amsaxvelia agreTve leonti mrovelis gamoTqma àfxazeTs 

da egriss~. 

dasavleT saqarTvelos afxazeTi VIII saukunis bolos 

ewoda. am periodSi afxazeTis erisTavma leon II-m 

isargebla bizantiis imperiis dasustebiT, daixmara xazarTa 

xayani (romlis asuli misi deda iyo), aujanyda 

imperators da Tavi mefed gamoacxada. leonis dasayrden 

Zalas warmoadgenda egrisis qarTveli mosaxleoba. 

axalma samefom, romelic mTel dasavleT saqarTvelos 

moicavda, àfxazTa samefos~ saxelwodeba miiRo. leonma 

samefos dedaqalaqad quTaisi gamoacxada (lorTqifaniZe 

1963: 179-180) 49. 

afxazTa samefos warmoqmnis Semdeg, bizantieli da 

qarTveli avtorebi terminebs afxazeTsa da egriss 

viwro mniSvnelobiT mxolod Zveli ambebis aRwerisas 

iyenebdnen: afxazeTad (abazgiad) sakuTriv afxazTa saerisTavos 

ixseniebdnen (lomouri 1993: 79-80), xolo 

` 

49 daviT aRmaSeneblis droidan mociqulTa qadagebasTan dakavSirebulma 

qalaqma nikofsma saqarTvelos politikur sazRvrebSi erTerTi 

mTavari orientiris funqcia SeiZina `nikofsiTgan darubandisa 

sazRuradmde da ovseTidgan sperad da aregawadmde” (surgulaZe 

2006: 196; Sdr.: anderZi 1984: 62). `nikofsiT darubandamdis” (qca II: 94, 

103, 168, 243, 293). 

29 

dasavleT saqarTvelos – egrisad. analogiuri viTarebaa 

`mefeTa cxovrebaSi~, romelSic leonti mroveli 

afxazeTsa da egriss erTmaneTis gverdigverd ixseniebs 

da wers: àmisve aderkis mefobasa Sina movides aTormetTa 

wmidaTa mociqulTaganni andria da sÂmon kananeli 

afxazeTs da egriss~. 

`megrelTa~ moqcevis istoria `mefeTa cxovrebaSi~ 

ramdenime istoriuli wyaros gaTvaliswinebiTaa Setanili. 

wm. andrias qadagebis marSrutSi Sinagani eTiopia 

(kolxeTi, egrisi) da misi qalaqebi ixsenieba iseT 

adreul teqstSi, rogoricaa `mociqulTa mosaxsenebeli~; 

`mimoslvis~ efTvimeseuli Targmanis mixedviT, 

samegrelos (lazikis) qalaq trapezuntSi (`sofelsa 

megrelTasa~) wm. andriam pirvelive misioneruli 

mogzaurobis dros iqadaga, meore mogzaurobis dros 

ki moaqcia es qalaqi: 

`miiwia trapezundad, qalaqsa mas samegreloÁsasa, 

sada-igi mkÂdr iyvnes, viTarca vTqu, kacni ugulisÃmoni 

da ugunurni. TÂnier, maTca Seiwynares qadagebaÁ mociqulisaÁ~ 

(gv. 187). 

efTvime aToneli `mimoslvaSi~ `samegrelod~ (`qalaqsa 

mas samegrelosisasa~) `lazikas~ Targmnis. igive 

viTarebaa `maqsime aRmsareblis cxovrebis~ miseul 

TargmanSic (beraZe 1993: 459). 

zemodasaxelebul wyaroebze dayrdnobiT, leonti 

mroveli wers: àndria moaqcivna megrelni~ (qca I: 38), 

magram saerTod ar ixseniebs trapezunts – samegrelos 

(lazikis) qalaqs, sadac, `mimoslvis~ mixedviT, wm. 

andriam orjer iqadaga. amiT leonti mrovelTan 

ègrisi~ ufro farTo mniSvnelobas iZens, vidre 

`mimoslvaSi~ naxsenebi `samegrelo~, radgan lazikas- 

Tan erTad igi moicavs mTel dasavleT saqarTvelos 

afxazTa saerisTavomde. 

leonti mrovelTan samociqulo qadagebis qarTul 

marSrutSi trapezuntis mouxseneblobas Tavisi mizezi 

hqonda. marTalia, igi qarTveluri tomebiT, lazebiT, 

30

iyo dasaxlebuli da `kolxTa qalaqadac~ iwodeboda, 

magram rogorc sinopeli berZnebis mier daarsebuli 

axalSeni da elinuri qalaqi, 1205 wlamde, vidre trapizonis 

imperia Seiqmneboda, Sedioda jer romis, Semdeg 

bizantiis politikur sazRvrebSi, xolo ierarqiulad 

yovelTvis konstantinopolis sapatriarqos eqvemdebareboda 

(georgika IV: 11, 191, 300). 

leonti mrovelis `mefeTa cxovrebaSi~, aseve `mimoslvis~ 

teqsts ukavSirdeba andria mociqulis qadageba 

`gzasa klarjeTisasa~. `mimoslvaSi~, marTalia, klarjeTi 

naxsenebi ar aris, magram aRniSnulia, rom wm. 

andria mesame mogzaurobis dros sxva mociqulebTan 

erTad moadga `queyanasa qarTlisasa da vidre mdinaredmde 

Woroxisa daucxromelad qadagebdes saxelsa 

RmrTisasa~ (gv. 189). klarjeTi Woroxis xeobaSi mdebareobs, 

amitom leonti mroveli akonkretebs: wm. andria 

`warvida gzasa klarjeTisasa~ (Sdr.: anania [jafariZe] 

2009: 121). 

rac Seexeba aderki mefis mier axladmoqceul samegreloSi 

warmarTobis isev gavrcelebas, amgvar cnobas 

leonti mroveli verc `mimoslvaSi~ ipovida da verc 

sxva berZnul wyaroSi. am SemTxvevaSi avtori cdilobs 

axsnas wm. ninos misioneruli Rvawlis aucilebloba 

wm. andrias mier ukve ganaTlebul saqarTveloSi. 

sagulisxmoa, rom leonti mrovels aderkis mefobis 

qronikaSi, mociqulTa qadagebis win, Seaqvs qristes 

kvarTis istoria da sagangebod acxadebs, rom 

emyareba `moqcevasa qarTlisasa~: 

`warvides aqaT elioz mcxeTeli da longinoz 

karsneli. da mun daxudes juarcmasa uflisasa da maT 

moiRes muniT kuarTi uflisa, elioz mcxeTelman da 

longinoz karsnelman, viTarca weril ars ese gancxadebulad 

`moqcevasa qarTlisasa~ (gv. 36). 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ `ninos cxovrebis~ leonti 

mroveliseuli redaqciis ZiriTadi wyaroa da, cxadia, 

mrovelma episkoposma kargad uwyis, rom mociqulTa 

31 

saqarTveloSi (qarTlSi) qadagebis istorias es teqsti 

gverds uvlis. metic, `ninos cxovrebis~ axal, rigiT 

meore redaqciaSi leonti mrovels sityvasityviT Seaqvs 

`moqcevaÁs~ cnoba, romelSic uaryofilia mociqulTa 

qadagebis faqti: 

ètyodes salome ujarmeli da peroJavri sivneli da 

maT Tana erisTavni da mTavarni hkiTxvides, Tu `vina anu 

sadaT moxved ama queyanasa macxovrad Cuenda, anu sadaTme 

iyo aRzrda Seni, dedofalo... rameTu esera gÂswavies Sen 

mier, viTarmed yofil arian winaswarmetyuelni pirvel 

Zisa RmrTisa, da Semdgomad mociqulni Tormetni da 

sxuani samocdaaTni, da Cuenda aravin moavlina RmerTman, 

garna Sen, da viTar ityÂ, viTarmed tyue vari me, anu viTar 

ucxo~ (qca I: 126-127). 

leonti mrovelis mier `moqcevaÁs~ am monakveTis 

`ninos cxovrebis~ teqstSi datovebas erTaderTi gamarTleba 

aqvs: rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, salome ujarmeli, 

peroJavri sivnieli da `yovelni mTavarni~ 

sityvebSi `Cuenda aravin moavlina RmerTman~ qarTlis 

samefos im regionebs gulisxmoben, sadac mociqulebs 

ar uqadagiaT da arc qristianuli Temebi dauarsebiaT. 

amaze miuTiTebs is faqtic, rom leonti mrovels 

mociqulTa misioneruli moRvaweobis arealSi Seaqvs 

mxolod dasavleTi da samxreTi saqarTvelos regionebi: 

àmisve aderkis mefobasa Sina movides aTormet- 

Ta wmidaTa mociqulTaganni andria da sÂmon kananeli 

afxazeTs da egriss. da mun aResrula wmida sÂmon 

kananeli qalaqsa nikofsisasa, sazRvarsa berZenTasa. 

xolo andria moaqcivna megrelni da warvida gzasa 

klarjeTisasa~ (qca I: 38, 42). 

amgvarad, mociqulTa qadagebasTan dakavSirebiT, 

leonti mrovelis `mefeTa cxovrebaSi~, `ninos cxovrebasa~ 

da aderki mefis qronikas Soris winaaRmdegoba 

ar arsebobs, riTac erTxel kidev ecleba safuZveli 

iv. javaxiSvilis mosazrebas, TiTqos `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ 

ar cnobdes saqarTvelos eklesiis samociqulo 

xasiaTs. 

32

leonti mroveli sxva mxrivac cdilobs axsnas wm. 

ninos misioneruli moRvaweobis aucilebloba da aRni- 

Snavs, rom qristianuli Temi saqarTveloSi imave aderkis 

dros moispo: mociqulTa mier moqceul samegreloSi 

mefem kvlav warmarToba gaavrcela, klarjeTis 

erisTavi ki Serisxa wm. andrias cocxlad gaSvebis 

gamo. 

sagulisxmoa, rom sakiTxis analogiur axsnas 

gvTavazobs leonti mrovelis Tanamedrove efrem mcirec, 

rac naTlad miuTiTebs am problemis aqtualurobaze 

XI saukunis meore naxevris qarTul sazogadoebriv 

azrovnebaSi. 

efrem mcire (XI s.-is II nax.) Sav mTaze (siriaSi) 

giorgi mTawmidelis Semdeg damkvidrda. man saqarTvelos 

qristianizacias specialuri mecnieruli gamokvleva 

ùwyebaÁ mizezsa qarTvelTa moqcevisasa, Tu 

romelTa wignTa Sina moiÃsenebis~ miuZRvna. rogorc k. 

kekeliZe wers, àRniSnuli Txzulebis SekveTa da 

dawera Sedegi unda iyos im kamaTisa, romelic 1057 

wels moxda giorgi mTawmidelsa da antioqiis patriarq 

Teodosis Soris. rogorc viciT, swored maSin 

wamoiWra sakiTxi im wyaroebis Sesaxeb, romlebSic 

gaTvaliswinebuli unda yofiliyo efremis mier wamoyenebuli 

Tezisebi. giorgi mTawmidelma maSin mxolod 

erTi wyaros dasaxeleba moaxerxa – andria mociqulis 

`mimoslvisa~, magram es ar iyo sakmao da amitom am 

saqmis mecnierulad Sesruleba da savsebiT amowurva 

Savi mTis qarTvelebma miandves efrems, romelic giorgis 

aqedan wasvlis Semdeg medgrad agrZelebda da 

amtkicebda mis literaturulsa da saeklesio-praqtikul 

tradiciebs~ (kekeliZe 1980: 263). 

ùwyebaÁSi~ efrem mcire `mociqulTa mimoslvaze~ 

dayrdnobiT aRniSnavs, rom wm. andriam iqadaga afxazeTSi 

(am termins efremi iyenebs dasavleTi saqarTvelos, 

àfxazeTis samefos~ mniSvnelobiT) da damatebiT 

33 

gvauwyebs, rom aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi – qarTlSi 

qristianoba gaavrcela barTlome mociqulma: 

ìTqumis CuenTÂsca `mimoslvasa Sina wmidaTa 

mociqulTasa~ andria pirvelwodebulis mier qadagebaÁ 

Soris avazgiaÁsa, romel ars afxazeTi da mier warvlaÁ 

ovseTad da kualad barTlomes mier mimovlaÁ CrdiloeTisaÁ, 

romel ars qarTli~ (efrem mcire 1959: 4). 

barTlome mociquli somexTa ganmanaTleblad iTvleboda: 

`somxeTi barTolomeos mociqulsac xvda wilad. 

igi CvenSi, qalaq arebanosSi gardaicvala~ – wers 

movses xorenaci (xorenaci 1984: 130). `klarjul mravalTavSi~ 

ki naTqvamia, rom mociqulma `daiZina urbanas 

qalaqsa Sina didsa somxiTisasa~ (mravalTavi 1991: 

388). somxiTi qvemo qarTlis istoriuli saxelwodebaa 

da, SesaZloa, efrem mciris TxzulebaSi `barTlomes 

mier mimovlaÁ CrdiloeTisaÁ, romel ars qarTli~ 

barTlome mociqulis somxiTSi qadagebas gulisxmobdes 

50 . 

mociqulTa qadagebis Semdeg wm. ninos misionerobis 

faqts 51 efrem mcire, leonti mrovelis msgavsad, 

saqarTveloSi kerpTayvanismcemlobis isev gavrcelebiT 

xsnis da analogad mohyavs berZnebis magaliTi: 

àmaT wmidaTa samociquloni moZRurebisa TeslTa 

aneulni mraval Jam daipyra RuarZlman mekerpeTaman ara 

xolo Cuen Soris, aramed TÂT maT berZenTaca Soris, 

vidre JamTadmde meored pavled zeciT wodebulisa didisa 

kostantinesTa. amis keTilad msaxurisa mefisa JamTa 

RmerTman, romelman didTa da mravalTeslTa tomTaTÂs 

` 

50 wm. barTlome saqarTvelos misioneradaa miCneuli gviandel 

wyaroebSic. a. lambertis cnobiT, `samcxis provinciaSi aris erTi 

eklesia, romelic miZRvnilia wm. barTlomesadmi. am ukanasknelma, 

xalxuri gadmocemis Tanaxmad, Tavisi qadagebiT am mxareSi qristianoba 

gaavrcela, am saepiskoposo eklesiis episkoposs iSxnels uwodebdnen~ 

(tabaRua 1984: 56). klarjeTSi (miZnaZoroSi) inaxeboda 

`nawilni wmidisa barTlome mociqulisani” (andria 2009: 147). 

51 efrem mcire gasagebi mizezis gamo berZnul wyaroebs emyareba, 

amitom wm. ninos Rvawls aRwers ara `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ (anu 

qarTuli wyaros) mixedviT, aramed berZeni avtoris – Teodorite 

kvirelis `saeklesio istoriis~ mixedviT. 

34

izruna, arca Cuen mcireni dagÂtevna uRuawad, aramed 

esreT ganago kualad aRmowodebaÁ Cueni~ (gv. 4). 

wm. ninos misioneruli Rvawlis aucileblobaze 

TiTqmis identuria ruis-urbnisis saeklesio krebis 

poziciac. `ruis-urbnisis krebis ZeglisweraSi~ (1104 w.) 

naTqvamia: 

`pirvelwodebuli andria... vidre Cuendamdeca moiwia 

da qadaga sacxorebeli qadagebaÁ saxarebisaÁ yovelsa queyanasa 

saqarTveloÁsasa da uricxuni simravleni erTani 

ganaSorna sacTurisagan mrCobl eSmakeulebisa... daRaTu 

erman qarTlisaman simravlesa Sina Jamisasa daiviwya qadagebaÁ 

igi mociqulisaÁ da sacTurisave mimarT kerpTaÁsa 

miaqcia... vinaÁTgan samasni mciredTa sxuaTa Tana mefed qadagebadmde 

didisa kostantinessa Soris gardaÃdes weliwadni, 

romel-igi pirvelad qristiane iqmna mefeTa Soris... 

amisTave ukue JamTa sruliad momxedna Cuenca aRmosavalman 

maRliT da dedakacisa visme mier tyueqmnilisa, 

romelsa-igi nunnad kappadokielad aqa sadme povnilnica 

qadageben wignni saeklesioTa moTxrobaTani~ (sjuliskanoni 

1975: 545-546) 52 . 

`Zeglisweris~ damowmebul monakveTSi gvaqvs mniSvnelovani 

siaxle, riTac is konceptualurad gansxvavdeba 

efrem mciris ùwyebaÁsagan~, romlis mixedviTac, wm. andria 

saqarTvelos erTi nawilis – àfxazeTis~ ganmanaTlebelia, 

xolo barTlome meore nawilisa – qarTlisa. 

`ZeglisweraSi~ mociqulTa qadagebis amgvar gaazrebas 

cvlis wm. andrias `sacxorebeli qadagebaÁ saxarebisaÁ 

yovelsa queyanasa saqarTveloÁsasa~, riTac wm. andria 

cxaddeba sruliad saqarTvelos ganmanaTleblad da misi 

eklesiuri da politikuri erTianobis safuZvlad. 

`Zegliswera~ analogiur Sefasebas aZlevs wm. ninos 

misionerul moRvaweobasac. andria mociqulis msgavsad, 

kapadokielma qalwulmac Tavisi qadagebiT `sarwmunoebisa 

mimarT TÂsisa miizida yoveli savsebaÁ yovlisa qarTvelTa 

naTesavisaÁ~ (sjuliskanoni 1975: 546). 

` 

52 wm. ninos saxelze Seqmnil troparsa da gviandel sagaloblebSi 

qarTvelTa ganmanaTlebeli qalwuli àndrias qadagebis warmar- 

Tebad~ da `qarTvelTa meandried~ iwodeba (jiqia 2008: 52-54). 

35 

andria mociqulis qadageba `ninos cxovrebaSi~ 

`ninos cxovrebis~ metafrasuli redaqciis SesavalSi 

arsen beri 53 vrclad mogviTxrobs wm. andria mociqulis 

saqarTveloSi qadagebaze (arsen beri 1971: 9-10). k. kekeli- 

Zes aRniSnuli aqvs, rom Txzulebis es monakveTi emyareba 

àndria mociqulis mimoslvis~ efTvimeseul Targmans 

(kekeliZe 1980: 313). CvenTvis mniSvnelovania am ori Txzulebis 

urTierTmimarTebis nebismieri niuansi, amitom paraleluri 

teqsti srulad mogvyavs: 

àndria mociqulis mimoslva~ arsen beris `ninos cxovreba~ 

`xolo RmerTSemosili andrea... 

ganaCina qadagebad naTesavTa 

aRmosavalisa da CrdloÁsaTa, 

vidre makedoniad da aqaiadmde~ 

(gv. 165). `miiwines tÂaned, 

romeli-igi ars qalaqi queyanasa 

kabadukiisasa~ (gv. 167). 

`movides sinoped qalaqad, 

pontoÁsa zRÂs kided~ (gv. 168). 

`da miiwia trapezuntad, qalaqsa 

mas samegreloÁsasa, sada-igi 

mkÂdr iyvnes, viTarca vTqu, 

kacni ugulisÃmoni da ugunurni. 

TÂnier, maTca Seiwynares 

qadagebaÁ mociqulisaÁ. mier 

warvida da mivida neokesarias...~ 

36 

`xolo WeSmaritebisa igi 

mosaxele, yovlad qebuli 

mociquli andria, friadsa 

nawilsa soflisasa 

mqadagebeli WeSmaritebisaÁ, 

movida raÁ 

kabadukiad, 

pontod 

da merme trapezuntad 

da kualad neokesariad, 

` 

53 `ninos cxovrebis~ metafrasuli redaqciis avtorad `Zveli qarTuli 

agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebis~ mesame tomSi dasaxelebulia 

arsen beri (Sdr.: kekeliZe 1980: 311). i. lolaSvilisa da e. 

gabiZaSvilis mosazrebiT, arsen beri da arsen iyalToeli erTi da 

igive piria (lolaSvili 1978: 31-32). am mosazrebas mecnierTa didi 

nawili iziarebs.

(gv. 187). `...xolo neokesariiT 

ganvida da mimovidoda adgiliTadgilad 

da ganhfenda 

qadagebasa mas 

RmrTismsaxurebisasa, 

[`movidodes qalaqiTi-qalaqad 

da sofliTi-soflad. 

aswavlides 

erTa~ - gv. 189] 

vidre miiwia samosatelTa 

didsa mas qalaqsa, romel ars 

sazRvarsa parTTasa~ (gv. 187) 

`samosatiT warvida da aRvida 

ierusalÀmd, raÁTa yos 

paseqi wmidisa dedoflisa 

RmrTismSobelisa Tana da dayo 

mun, vidre martÂliadmde. 

Semdgomad martÂliisa 

ganvida kualad saqmesa 

qadagebisasa da iyvnes mis Tana 

mogzaur sÂmon, romelsa ewoda 

kananeli da mataTia, 

romeli iwoda iudaÁs wil, 

da Tadeos. 

miiwines ukue edese qalaqad, 

sada-igi daSTa Tadeos 

avgaroz mTavrisa Tana... 

xolo didebuli andrea sxuaTa 

maT Tana movidodes qalaqiTiqalaqad 

da sofliTi-soflad. 

aswavlides erTa da iqmodes 

saswaulTa 

da esreT moiwines queyanad 

37 

da mimovidoda qalaqadqalaqad 

da soflad-soflad 

da uqadagebda 

sityuasa cxorebisasa, 

mivida samusatelTa 

didsa mas qalaqsa, romel ars 

sazRvarsa sparsTasa, 

mier aRvida 

ierusalemd, raÁTa aRasrulos 

paseqi yovladwmidisa 

RmrTismSobelisa winaSe. 

da Semdgomad martÂliisa 

kualad ganvida saqmesa mas 

qadagebisasa, romlisa Tana 

iyvnes simon 

kananeli da mataTia 

da Tadeoz. 

da miiwines ra edesad, 

Tadeoz daSTa mun, 

xolo didebuli andria orTa 

maT Tana vidoda qalaqiTiqalaqad 

da sofliTi-soflad, 

aswavebdes da iqmodes 

saswaulTa 

saxeliTa qristesiTa, 

vidremdis miiwines queyanasa 

qarTlisa 

da vidre mdinaredmde Woroxisa 

daucxromelad qadagebdes 

saxelsa RmrTisasa. da merme 

STavides sosangelTa sofelsa. 

xolo mas queyanasa mTavrobda 

dReTa maT 

dedakaci vinme mTavari, 

romelsaca hrwmena qadagebaÁ 

mociqulTaÁ da mataTia sxuaTa 

maT Tana mowafeTa daSTa 

maT kerZoTa~ (gv. 188-189). 

`mravalni erni moaqcines da 

gananaTles~ (gv. 189) 

`...da vidre mdinaredmde 

Woroxisa daucxromelad 

qadagebdes saxelsa RmrTisasa. 

da merme STavides 

sosangelTa sofelsa...~ (gv. 189) 

`xolo didi 

andrea, sÂmoniTurT 

Sevides queyanasa ovseTisasa 

da miiwines qalaqad, romelsa 

ewodebis fostafor... 

mier warvides da Sevides 

queyanasa afxazeTisasa 

da sevastiad qalaqad 

mivides da uqadages sityuaÁ 

RmrTisaÁ da mravalTa 

Seiwynares...~ (gv. 189-190). 

38 

qarTvelTasa 

da uqadages sityuaÁ 

cxorebisaÁ. 

iyo vinme 

maT kerZoTa 

dedakaci mTavari, 

romelsa hrwmena qadageba 

mociqulisa da mataTia sxuaTa 

Tana mowafeTa daadgra 

mun; 

da mravalni moaqcines 

sarwmunoebad da mecnierebad 

WeSmaritebisa, vidodes 

da aswavebdes 

vidre mdinared 

Woroxadmde da 

soflebTa nigalisaTa. 

xolo didebuli mociquli 

andria simoniTurT 

sxuaTa Tana 

warvida ovseTad 

da mier kualad 

afxazeTad 

da sevastopolid, 

romel ars cxumi. 

qadagebda da aswavebda da 

uricxuTa erTa moaqcevda 

sarwmunoebad.

39 

xolo mefe qarTvelTaÁ da 

umravlesi kerZo queyanisa 

CrdiloÁsaÁ daSTa masve 

sibnelesave da sacTursa 

kerpTmsaxurebisasa~ (gv. 9-10). 

paralelur teqstSi kargad Cans, rom `ninos 

cxovreba~ SerCeviT, magram TiTqmis sityvasityviT 

imeorebs `mimoslvis~ calkeul monakveTebs: 

a) wm. andrias pirveli misioneruli mogzaurobidan 

mxolod kapadokia, ponto da trapezunti ixsenieba. am 

ukanasknel, saerTo punqtze mibmulia meore mogzaurobis 

istoria, magram gamotovebulia `megrelTa~ 

moqcevis epizodi; 

b) arseni mogviTxrobs mociqulis meore mogzaurobis 

daskvniT nawilze (samosati, ierusalimi) da 

ZiriTadad gadmogvcems wm. andrias mesame mogzaurobis 

istorias (edesa, qarTli, Woroxi, afxazeTi, sevastia). 

sagulisxmoa, rom avtors cvlilebebi Seaqvs pirvelwyarodan 

damowmebul citatebSi, ris gamoc mis 

TxzulebaSi transformacias ganicdis `mimoslvis~ 

qarTuli Targmanis monacemebi: 

1) erT SemTxvevaSi (`vidremdis miiwines queyanasa 

qarTvelTasa da uqadages sityuaÁ cxorebisaÁ~) gamotovebulia 

cnoba Woroxisa da sosangeTis Sesaxeb – 

`mimoslvaSi~ Sesabamis adgilze weria, rom mociqulebi 

èsreT moiwines queyanad qarTlisa da vidre mdinaredmde 

Woroxisa daucxromelad qadagebdes saxelsa 

RmrTisasa. da merme STavides sosangelTa sofelsa~: 

àndria mociqulis mimoslva~ arsen beris `ninos cxovreba~ 

`da esreT moiwines queyanad 

qarTlisa 

`vidremdis miiwines queyanasa 

qarTvelTasa 

da vidre mdinaredmde Woroxisa 



STavides sosangelTa sofelsa. 


dReTa maT 

dedakaci vinme mTavari, 


mociqulTaÁ~ (gv. 188-189). 

40 

da uqadages sityuaÁ 

cxorebisaÁ. 

iyo vinme 

maT kerZoTa 

dedakaci mTavari, 

romelsa hrwmena qadagebaÁ 

mociqulisaÁ~. 

`mimoslvis~ `qarTlis qveyanas~ arseni cvlis `qar- 

TvelTa qveyniT~. aRar Cans, rom `dedakaci mTavari~ 

sosangeTis mkvidria. `ninos cxovrebis~ mixedviT, igi 

zogadad `qarTvelTa qveyanaSi~ cxovrobs da qristes 

Seudgeba mociqulTa qadagebis Semdeg, magram cota 

qvemoT arseni isev ubrundeba `mimoslvis~ amave monakveTs 

da wers, rom mataTam da sxva mociqulebma `dedakaci 

mTavris~ samflobeloSi bevri moaqcies qristianobaze 

da iqadages mdinare Woroxamde. am dros 

maTTan erTadaa wm. andriac: `mataTia sxuaTa Tana 

mowafeTa daadgra mun; da mravalni moaqcines sarwmunoebad 

da mecnierebad WeSmaritebisa, vidodes da 

aswavebdes vidre mdinared Woroxadmde da soflebTa 

nigalisaTa. xolo didebuli mociquli andria simoniTurT 

sxuaTa Tana warvida ovseTad~. amgvarad, 

andria, simoni da sxva mociqulebi ovseTSi midian, 

xolo mataTa `dedakaci mTavris~ samflobeloSi rCeba; 

2) siaxlea wm. andrias misionerul marSrutSi 

nigalis Setana. amiT arseni leonti mroveliseul 

tradicias agrZelebs (Sdr.: `warvida gzasa klarjeTisasa~): 

nigali iseve, rogorc klarjeTi, Woroxis auzis 

qveyanaa. magram am SemTxvevaSi avtors sxva argumentic 

aqvs. arsenis teqstSi nigali `mimoslviseuli~ Woroxis 

(`vidre mdinaredmde Woroxisa~) adgils ki ar ikavebs,

aramed cvlis pirvelwyaroSi naxseneb sosangeTs. paraleluri 

teqsti cxadyofs, rom dedniseuli gamoTqmis 

`sosangelTa sofelsa~ nacvlad `ninos cxovrebaSi~ 

weria: `soflebTa (!) nigalisaTa~. 

àndria mociqulis mimoslva~: arsen beris `ninos cxovreba~: 

`...da vidre mdinaredmde 

Woroxisa 



STavides 

sosangelTa sofelsa...~ (gv. 189) 

41 

`vidre mdinared 

Woroxadmde da 

soflebTa nigalisaTa~. 

rogorc Cans, toponimi `sosangeTi~ XII saukuneSi 

aRar arsebobda. garda amisa, axsnas saWiroebda is, Tu 

ratom Secvala efTvime aTonelma berZnuli `sosania~ 

qarTuli `sosangeTiT~, amitom arseni ganmartavs mas, 

rogorc nigals, radgan sityva `sosangelTa~ qaragmad 

miaCnia: sõsa ng̃elTa > so(fel)sa n(i)g(al)elT(as)a > 

soflebTa nigalisaTa. 

amgvarad, `soflebTa nigalisaTa~ unda miviCnioT 

`mimoslviseuli~ `sosangelTa soflis~ ganmartebad. 

miT ufro, rom wm. andrias misionerul marSrutSi 

damatebiTi geografiuli punqtis CarTva moulodnelic 

iqneboda arsen berisgan – ruis-urbnisis `Zeglisweris~ 

erT-erTi avtorisgan: es daarRvevda saeklesio 

krebaze miRebul zogaderovnul koncefcias, romlis 

mixedviTac, wm. andriam `qadaga sacxorebeli qadagebaÁ 

saxarebisaÁ yovelsa queyanasa saqarTveloÁsasa~; 

3) wm. andrias misioneruli moRvaweobis geografiis 

ganmartebis mizniT arseni `mimoslvis~ eqscerpts cota 

qvemoTac cvlis da geografiul glosaSi aRniSnavs, 

rom sevastopols mis dros cxumi hqvia; 

4) CanarTis bolos avtori axasiaTebs mociqulTa 

qadagebis Semdeg saqarTveloSi Seqmnil religiur vi- 

Tarebas: `mefe qarTvelTaÁ da umravlesi kerZo queyanisa 

CrdiloÁsaÁ daSTa masve sibnelesave da sacTursa 

kerpTmsaxurebisasa~, aman ki Seqmna wm. ninos misioneruli 

Rvawlis aucileblobao. 

arseni mocemul SemTxvevaSic leonti mrovelis 

`mefeTa cxovrebas~ exmianeba, radgan `ninos cxovrebaSi~ 

naxsenebi `mefe qarTvelTa~ igive aderki mefea. 

rac Seexeba gamoTqmas ùmravlesi kerZo queyanisa 

CrdiloÁsa~, masSi igulisxmeba saqarTvelos is mxareebi, 

sadac, `qarTlis cxovrebis~ mixedviT, mociqul- 

Tagan àravin moavlina RmerTman~. cxadia, aqve unda 

vigulisxmoT warmarTobaze ìZulebiT kualadve miqceulni 

megrelnic~. 

42

galobani anCis xatisani 

wm. andria mociqulis saqarTveloSi qadagebis 

faqti originalurad gaiazra ioane anCelma (rkinaelma), 

romelmac Tamaris zeobis dros, 1184-1193 wlebSi, 

dawera himnografiuli kanoni `galobani anCis xatisani~, 

akrostiqiT: `saSinelsa anCisa xatsa ugalob undo 

iovane anCeli~ (sulava 2003: 113). sagaloblis mixedviT, 

wm. andria saqarTveloSi hierapolisidan54 Semovida da 

anCaSi macxovris xati SemoabrZana: 

ìnebe raÁ moqcevaÁ Cueni, urwmunoTa, sarwmunoebad, 

qriste RmerTo saxiero, xati gankacebisa Senisa mociqulisa 

andriaÁs mier gamogÂbrwyinve~ (IV,1); 

àndria, Tavi mociqulTa, pirvelwodebuli, mowafe 

meufisa didisa idideboden yovelTagan, uRaRTa RadoTa 

klarjeTisaTa ierapoliT movida da xati ese saSineli 

Cuen, mosavTa misTa, moguaniWa~ (VIII,3) (sulava 2003: 298-299). 

wm. andrias qadageba ùRaRTa RadoTa klarjeTisaTa~ 

exmianeba mociqulis misioneruli marSrutis 

leonti mroveliseul lokalizacias `gzasa klarje- 

Tisasa~ (qca I: 38). 

gamoTqmaSi ùRaRni Radoni~ poeturi samkaulis 

funqcias iZens aliteracia, riTac ioane anCeli gadmogvcems 

Tanagancdas mociqulTan, romelmac misi eparqiis 

sanaxebSi macxovris `saSineli~ xati Semoiyvana. 

`galobani anCis xatisanis~ teqstSi gvaqvs ramdenime 

siaxle, romlebsac manamde cnobil qarTulenovan 

wyaroebSi analogi ar eZebneba: 

1) andria mociqulis misioneruli moRvaweobis 

nivTier mowmobad anCis macxovris xati cxaddeba; 

2) wm. andrias qadagebis literaturul istoriaSi 

pirvelad Cndeba geografiuli saxelebi hierapolisi 

da anCa. 

` 

54 hierapolisi // ierapoli – Tanamedrove membiji (siria). 

43 

anCis enkaustikuri55 xati saqarTvelos eklesiis 

erT-erTi udidesi siwmindea. mis Sesaxeb uZveles cnobas 

`grigol xanZTelis cxovreba~ gvawvdis, romelSic 

aRniSnulia, rom anCis taZari agebuli iyo `saxelsa 

zeda wmidisa qristes RmrTisa xatisasa~ (Zeglebi I: 

304), e. i. saydari specialurad anCis xats mieZRvna, rac 

TavisTavad metyvelebs mis did avtoritetze (aldamiZe 

2007: 10). 

anCis xati (106 × 71 sm) sagangebod Seiswavla S. amiranaSvilma 

da VI-VII saukuneebiT daaTariRa. gamokvlevam 

aCvena, rom macxovris gamosaxuleba ekuTvnis xelTuqmneli 

xatis ikonografiul tips, romelic IV-V 

saukuneebSi siria-palestinaSi iRebs saTaves (amirana- 

Svili 1956: 13-21) 56 . aqedan gamomdinare, ioane anCelis 

sagalobelSi anCis xatis Tavdapirvel adgilsamyofelad 

siriis qalaq hierapolisis gamocxadeba gansazRvruli 

tradiciis amsaxveli unda iyos. 

gviandel qarTul tradiciaSi anCis xati hierapolisis 

ganTqmul xats daukavSirda, romelzec àvgarozis 

epistole~ mogviTxrobs. 

àvgarozis epistolis~ mixedviT, macxovris `pirsa 

zeda dadebiT~ gamosaxuli xelTuqmneli xatis edesaSi 

wasvenebamde Tadeoz mociquli SeCerda qalaq hierapolisSi, 

mekeceTa dasaxlebaSi, sadac kecze saswaulebrivad 

gamoisaxa tilos xatis – mandilionis asli: 

`xolo tiloÁ igi misca ufalman Tadeoss mociqulsa 

da ubrZana Semdgomad amaRlebisa misisa warslvad edesa 

` 

55 enkaustikuri anu `cvilovani xatebi~ daawerilia wminda sanTel- 

Si gaxsnili ferebis fxvniliT. amgvarive teqnikiTaa Sesrulebuli 

wilknis RvTismSoblis xati (IX s.) (sayvareliZe 1976: 90). 

56 rogorc S. amiranaSvili aRniSnavs, anCis xatis ganaxlebis dros 

(XVII s.) mxatvarma pirvandeli xelTuqmneli gamosaxulebis ikonografiuli 

tipi ver gaigo da gadaakeTa e. w. `pantokratoris~ 

(`yovlismpyroblis~) gamosaxulebad: macxovris pirisaxes biusti 

miumata, marcxena xelSi saxareba daaWerina, xolo marjvena xelis 

TiTebs kurTxevis niSnis saxe misca (amiranaSvili 1956: 19). 

44

qalaqad, gankurnebad sensa da yovelsa cisad-cisad guemulebasa. 

da Semdgomad amaRlebisa uflisa warvida Tadeos 

sityÂsaebr uflisa. xolo mi-raÁ-iwines Tadeos da misTani 

igi qalaqsa erTsa, romelsa ewodebis ierapoli, da 

dadges gareSe qalaqisa savanesa mekeceTasa, da dadves 

wmidaÁ igi tiloÁ Soris orTa kecTaÁsa, rameTu eSinoda... 

mTavarman pova kecsa mas zeda gamosaxuli xati uflisaÁ, 

vinaÁ-igi mieaxla wmidasa mas xatsa~ (avgarozi 2007: 132). 

hierapolisis mTavarma kecis xati – keramidioni 

Tavis qalaqSi daitova, xolo mandilioni (tilos 

xelTuqmneli xati) Tadeoz mociqulma da malemsrbolebma 

edesaSi Caiyvanes (avgarozi 2007: 133). 

ase rom, hierapolisuri keramidioni, romelic 

mogvianebiT anCis xatTan gaaigives, edesis mandilionis 

pirveli kecze gamosaxuli aslia. 

rogorc davinaxeT, anCis xati ikonografiuli 

maxasiaTeblebiTa da warmomavlobiT marTlac enaTesaveba 

hierapolisur keramidions, magram am ori xatis 

gaigivebis safuZveli ar arsebobs. anCis xati ficarzea 

gamosaxuli da arc sagaloblis avtori uwodebs mas 

`kecis xats~, an `xelTuqmnels~. 

z. aleqsiZis azriT, ioane anCelis gamoTqma `xati 

ese saSineli~ sxva arafers SeiZleba niSnavdes Tu ara 

`xelTuqmnels~ (aleqsiZe 2002: 10), magram es mosazreba 

argumentacias moiTxovs. rogorc T. aldamiZe miuTi- 

Tebs, saqarTveloSi `saSinels~ uwodeben saswaulmoqmedebiT 

ganTqmul xatebs, amitom es zedwodeba anCis 

macxovris xatis xelTuqmnelobis dasasabuTeblad ar 

gamodgeba (aldamiZe 2007: 20). àvgarozis~ ciklSi sityva 

`saSineli~ erTxel gvxvdeba, Tanac ieso qristes 

da ara mandilionis epiTetad: 

`xolo doni ityÂs, did var me da maRal da saSinel da 

cxovel var ukunisamde~ (avgarozi 2007: 138). 

45 

ioane anCelis sagaloblis mixedviT ki, `saSinelia~ 

ara marto anCis xati, aramed (1) macxovris saxeli, (2) 

ukanaskneli samsjavro da (3) xatis mier aRsrulebuli 

saswaulebi: 

1) `SegÂwyalen, mowyaleo, qmnilni da didebulni Senni, 

romelsa zeda wodebul ars saxeli Seni wmidaÁ da saSineli, 

romelTaTÂs ganhkacen sityuaÁ mamisa dausabamoÁsa~ (I.3); 

2) òdes-igi hyofde gansjasa Cuensa saSinelebiT, iesu 

sityuao RmrTisa saxierebisao, mas Jamsa Semewie da 

damitkbi, mravalmowyaleo, da nu moiÃseneb codvaTa da 

bralTa CemTa~ (V.1); 

3) òdes moviÃsenne saswaulni Senni, uricxuni da 

saSinelni, anCis xato saSinelo~ (VIII.1). 

cnobili faqti iyo isic, rom edesis mandilioni 

944 wlis 16 agvistodan konstantinopolSi inaxeboda, 

xolo 966 wels samefo qalaqSi gadaasvenes 

hierapolisis keramidionic (yaraulaSvili 2003: 170, 172, 

avgarozi 2007: 39). aqedan gamomdinare, saqarTvelo 

verc edesis xelTuqmnel xatze ganacxadebda pretenzias 

da verc mis hierapolisur aslze. amave mizezebis 

gamo, ioane anCeli anCis xats verc `xelTuqmnels~ 

uwodebda da verc keramidionTan gaaigivebda. 

analogiuri, aseve arapirdapiri xasiaTis wanam- 

ZRvrebi aqvs anCis hierapolisuri xatis kavSirs wm. 

andria mociqulis misionerul RvawlTan, radgan wm. 

andriasadmi miZRvnil literaturul ZeglebSi qalaqi 

hierapolisi da ierapolisuri keramidioni ar ixsenieba. 

samagierod, àndria mociqulis mimoslvaSi~ 

fiqsirdeba àvgarozis~ apokrifuli ciklis kvali. 

kerZod, mociqulis mesame misioneruli mogzaurobis 

aRwerisas nikita paflagonieli epifane konstantinopolelis 

hagiografiul teqstze dayrdnobiT aRniSnavs, 

rom saqarTveloSi Semosvlamde wm. andria qalaq 

edesas ewvia da hierapolisuri keramidionis dedani – 

46

tilos xelTuqmneli xati moiloca. avtori aqve gadmogvcems 

edesis mandilionis mokle istorias: 

`miiwines ukue edese qalaqad, sada-igi daSTa Tadeos 

avgaroz mTavrisa Tana, romlisadaca ÃeliT uqmneli igi 

xati uflisa Cuenisasa iesu qristesi masve Tadeossa 

pirvel mierTua da romlisagan meyseulad miiRo mTavarman 

man Ãorcieli simrTele da sulieri sarwmunoebaÁ. xolo 

didebuli andrea sxuaTa maT Tana movidodes qalaqiTiqalaqad 

da sofliTi-soflad. aswavlides erTa da iqmodes 

saswaulTa da esreT moiwines queyanad qarTlisa da 

vidre mdinaredmde Woroxisa daucxromelad qadagebdes 

saxelsa RmrTsasa~ (mimosvla 2008: 188-189). 

`mimoslvis~ damowmebuli monakveTidan irkveva, rom 

wm. andria ierusalimidan edesaSi Tadeoz mociqulTan 

erTad Cavida, manamde ki Tadeozma sneulebiT Sepyrobil 

avgaroz mTavarTan xelTuqmneli xati Caiyvana da 

`meyseulad miiRo mTavarman man Ãorcieli simrTele 

da sulieri sarwmunoebaÁ~. 

àvgarozis epistolis~ zemoT damowmebuli fragmenti 

informaciulad avsebs `galobani anCis xatisanis~ 

interteqsts da cxadyofs, rom mociqulTa periodSi 

ierusalimidan edesisaSi mimavali misioneruli 

gza hierapolisze gadioda, sadac edesis xatis asli 

(hierapolisuri keramidioni) gamoisaxa (avgarozi 2007: 

131-132). 

ase rom, ioane anCelis sagalobelSi dadasturebul 

tradicias ramdenime wanamZRvari aqvs: 

1) andria pirvelwodebuli saqarTveloSi edesidan 

Semovida (`mimoslva~); 

2) ierusalimidan edesaSi misvlamde mociqulma 

ganvlo hierapolisi (àvgarozis epistole~); 

3) edesidan saqarTveloSi Semosulma wm. andriam 

iqadaga Woroxis auzis qveynebSi – `vidre mdinaredmde 

Woroxisa~ (`mimoslva~); 

47 

4) qarTul oficialur istoriografias Woroxis 

auzis qveynebidan wm. andrias misionerul marSrutSi 

klarjeTi Sehqonda (leonti mroveli). 

amgvari interteqsti uqmnida safuZvels anCis 

macxovris hierapolisuri xatis saqarTvelosTan kav- 

Sirs. hierapolisi > edesa > qarTli, `vidre mdinaredmde 

Woroxisa~ > klarjeTi > anCa – andria mociqulisa 

da anCis xatis am misionerul gzas gulisxmobs 

ioane anCeli, roca wers: wm. andria ùRaRTa RadoTa 

klarjeTisaTa ierapoliT movida da xati ese saSineli 

Cuen, mosavTa misTa, moguaniWa~. 

anCis macxovris xatis samociqulo qadagebasTan 

kavSiri da hierapolisur keramidionTan memkvidreobi- 

Toba ioane anCels imis safuZvelsac uqmnida, rom Tamaris 

droindeli saqarTvelos politikuri miRwevebi 

am siwmindisTvis daekavSirebina iseve, rogorc ori saukuniT 

adre (944-966 ww.) edesis xati gamocxadda bizantiis 

uZlevelobis simbolod, magram ioane anCelis 

sagalobelSi amgvar gaazrebas ver vxvdebiT. 

gansxvavebuli idea wamoayenes XIII saukunis qarTvelma 

himnografebma tbel abuserisZem, arsen bulmaisimisZem 

da saba svingelozma, romlebmac `galobani 

anCis xatisanis~ daweridan oTxi aTeuli wlis Semdeg 

xelTuqmneli xatis adgilsamyofelad martyofis RvTaebis 

taZari gamoacxades da am siwmindes daukavSires 

saqarTvelos `simtkice, Zali da didebaÁ~. 

arsen bulmaisimisZe wers: 

~qalaqTa mzeman [e. i. konstantinopolma] 

tiloÁ, xolo qarTlman 

keci daimkÂdra 

simdidred sacxorebelad~ (abuserisZe: 129); 

ìxarebd dRes, ixarebd, 

qarTvelTa sameufoo, 

ero morwmuneTao, 

48

ameTu arasada umrwemes gyo Sen 

qristeman, aramed mogca xati TÂsi~ (abuserisZe 1998: 104); 

èrno qarTlisano, gixaroden da 

aRipyreniT Ãelni da madlobaÁ SewireT 

xatsa amas yovlad uxrwnelsa ÃeliTuqmnelsa, 

rameTu ese ars sameufoÁsa 

amis simtkice, Zali da didebaÁ~ (abuserisZe 1998: 119); 

`Ä xato qristes RmrTisao, 

mefe morwmune Seni, 

Sen mier gÂrgÂnosani, 

ganamÃneve Zlevad mterTa~ (abuserisZe 1998: 143). 

ioane anCelis sagaloblisagan gansxvavebiT, xelTuqmneli 

xatis himnografiuli cikli gvauwyebs, rom 

saqarTveloSi daivana ara hierapolisuri keramidionis 

memkvidre xatma, aramed Tavad xelTuqmnelma xatma, 

kerZod, edesis keramidionma – tilos xelTuqmneli 

xatis meore aslma, romelsac tbel abuserisZe, arsen 

bulmaisimisZe da saba svingelozi martyofis RvTaebis 

xatTan aigiveben. 

edesis keramidionze cnobebs konstantine porfirogenetis 

`TxrobaÁ, Sekrebili TiTosaxeTa TxrobaTagan 

avgarozis mimarT waryvanebulisa mis xatisaTÂs qristes 

RmrTisa Cuenisa, Tu viTar edesiT konstantinopovles 

aRmoiyvanes~ gvawvdis, romelic 944 wels mandilionis 

edesidan konstantinopolSi sazeimod gadasvenebis 

aRsaniSnavad SeiTxza. misi qarTuli Targmani 

Semogvinaxa XIII saukunis erTaderTma xelnawerma (Q- 

762). am teqstis mixedviT, arsebobda tilos xelTuqmneli 

xatis ori kecze gamosaxuli asli: hierapolisuri 

da edesuri keramidionebi. hierapolisuri xati mociqulTa 

droindelia, edesis keramidioni ki ramdenime 

saukuniT gvian gamoCnda: avgarozis vaJis qristesgan 

gandgomis gamo mandilioni edesis galavanSi gadamales 

– jer keci aafares win, Semdeg amoyores. swored 

49 

mandilionis win afarebul kecze aRibeWda `xati da 

msgavsebaÁ wmidisa mis da saufloÁsa xatisaÁ~ – misi 

meore asli, igive edesis keramidioni. konstantine porfirogenetis 

teqstis daweris dros (X s.) es keramidioni 

isev edesaSi inaxeboda, rasac Txzulebis qarTuli 

Targmanic mowmobs (yaraulaSvili 2003: 173-174). 

gansxvavebul istorias gadmogvcems xelTuqmneli 

xatis qarTul sagalobelTa cikli. arsen bulmaisimis- 

Ze da saba svingelozi gvauwyeben, rom edesis keramidioni 

konstantine porfirogenetis teqstis daweramde 

ramdenime saukuniT adre, VI saukuneSi, ukve saqarTveloSi 

imyofeboda, sadac is erT-erTma asurelma mamam, 

anton martyofelma, Semoiyvana. tbel abuserisZis 

cnobiT ki, XIII saukuneSi xelTuqmneli xati isev 

martyofis taZarSi iyo davanebuli da yovel feriscvalebaze 

emTxveodnen mas (abuserisZe 1998: 72, 90-152) 57 . 

sainteresoa xelTuqmneli xatis himnografiuli 

ciklis Seqmnis istoriac. tbel abuserisZe gvauwyebs, 

` 

57 martyofis xatis (edesis mandilionis) or saswauls JamTaaRmwereli 

(XIV s.) gadmogvcems: 1) muclis salmobiT Sepyrobili 

daviT ulu (†1270) `ver gankurnes mkurnalTa, da warmovida cxedriTa, 

da viTar moeaxla martomyofsa [martyofsa – E], mivida xatsa 

mas ÃeliTuqmarsa, romeli TÂT gamoisaxa tilosa xatisa mier kecsa 

zeda. moyvaneba brZana martomyofisa [martyofisa – E] xatisa, da 

evedra cremliTa, da Seuvrda da gankurna, viTar uflisa mier 

gankurnebuli cxedarsa zeda mdebare da esreT mrTeli movida 

palatad tfilisisa~ (qca II: 256); 2) daviT ulu meoredac dasneulda 

muclis salmobiT, magram martyofis xatma amjerad dasaja igi da 

aRar gankurna `viTar Cueul iyo... amisTÂs romel moaklo 

RmrTismsaxureba, da iwyo rRuevad saydarTa da Slad. amisTÂs 

aRiRo RmerTman Ãeli wyalobisa~ (qca II: 267). 

gadmocemis mixedviT, Temur lengis erT-erTi Semosevis dros 

giorgi martyofel episkoposs kecis xati saimedod gadaumalavs. 

misi adgilmdebareoba dRemde ucnobia, radgan giorgi male uwamebiaT 

da am saidumlos moyvasebisTvis gandoba veRar mouswria 

(ioseliani 1847: 11). T. aldamiZis azriT, martyofis xati daikarga 

Sah-abasis pirveli Semosevis dros, 1614-1615 wlebSi (aldamiZe 2010: 

63). anton martyofelis svinaqsaruli cxovrebis avtori (XVII s.) 

wers, rom martyofis xati àrs vidre dReindelad dRedmde 

uCinarad~ (aleqsiZe 2001: 11-12). 

50

om am sagaloblebis daweris iniciativa mis politikos 

Zmebs, erisTavT-erisTavebs abusersa da vardans 

ekuTvniT (abuserisZe 1998: 72). bunebrivia, erisTavTerisTav 

abuserisZeebs gulwrfeli patriotuli grZnobebi 

amoZravebdaT, magram cxadia isic, rom am literaturuli 

`manifestiT~ isini mefisadmi erTgulebis dadasturebas 

cdilobdnen da XI saukuneSi dakarguli 

politikuri gavlenis aRdgenisTvisac zrunavdnen 58 . am 

saqmeSi ki, Cans, maT mxars uWerdnen saqarTvelos kaTalikosi 

arsen bulmaisimisZe da samefo karis episkoposi 

saba svingelosi: `Ä RmTismoyvareo mTavaro 

didguariano da saxelmaRalo abuseri~ – mimarTavs 

erisTavT-erisTav abusers arsen bulmaisimisZe da misi 

TxovniT sagaloblebs qmnis; saba svingelosi ki himnografiuli 

kanonis akrostiqSi wers: `qriste RmrTis 

xato, meox eqmen vardans~. 

ramdenadme gansxvavebulia `galobani anCis xatisanis~ 

Seqmnis istoria. erTi SexedviT, ioane anCelis 

zogadqristianuli da Rrma sarwmunoebrivi RaRadisi 

Tavisufali Cans politikuri qveteqstebisgan, magram 

es – mxolod erTi SexedviT, radgan sagalobelSi 

anCis xatis andria pirvelwodebulis misionerul moRvaweobasTan 

dakavSireba xazs usvamda anCis eparqiis 

prestiJsa da gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas saqarTvelos 

eklesiaSi. 

sagulisxmoa, rom anCis xatis moWedvis iniciativac 

ioane anCels ekuTvnis, romelmac es saqme Tavis eparqiaSi 

moRvawe cnobil oqromWedels – beqa opizars 

miando. magram yvelaze mTavari isaa, rom am SemTxvevaSi 

anCeli mTavarepiskoposi RvTivgvirgvinosan Tamar 

mefesTan SeTanxmebiT moqmedebda: 

` 

58 XI s.-is Sua wlebSi bagrat IV-m sula kalmaxels (cixisjvareljayelTa 

sagvareulos fuZemdebels) gadasca samcxis strategiuli 

da administraciuli centrebi cixisjvari da oZrxe, romlebsac 

manamde abuserisZeTa feodaluri gvari ganagebda (qca II: 305). 

51 

`q., brZanebiTa da nivTisa boZebiTa RmrTivgÂrgÂnosanisa 

didisa dedofalT-dedofalisa TamarisaÁTa, me, 

ioane anCelman, rkinaelman, Ãelvyav saSinelisa amis 

xatisa pativiT moWedvad. mfarvelmca ars mefobisa maTisa 

aqa da saukunesa. moiWeda ÃeliTa beqaÁsiTa. qriste, 

Seiwyale~ (amiranaSvili 1956: 8). 

anCis xatis CarCoze warwerili saxeli `Tamari~ 

yvelas Seaxsenebda, rom anCis `saSineli xati~ erTiani 

da mTliani saqarTvelos salocavi iyo, magram igive 

idea ar aris xazgasmuli `galobani anCis xatisanis~ 

teqstSi da samociqulo qadageba ar aris ganzogadebuli 

`yovelsa queyanasa saqarTveloÁsaze~, rasac 

ruis-urbnisis saeklesio krebis ganCineba moiTxovda. 

Tavis mxriv Sinaarsobrivad anCis xatis warwerac 

gansxvavdeba ioane anCelis sagaloblisgan, radgan 

masSi andria mociquli arc ki ixsenieba da araferia 

naTqvami imaze, rom macxovarma qarTvelebs swored 

`mociqulisa andriaÁs mier gamogÂbrwyinva~ anCis 

didebuli xati. 

sagalobelsa da warweras Soris arsebuli gansxvavebebi 

migvaniSnebs, rom XII saukunis saqarTveloSi am 

sakiTxebze erTiani azri ar arsebobda, amitom ioane 

anCeli siTamames mxolod sagalobelSi iCens da mxolod 

aq saubrobs Tavisi kaTedris samociqulo xasiaTze. 

`galobani anCis xatisanis~ amgvar qveteqsts aaSkaravebs 

misi Sedareba xelTuqmneli xatis sagalobelTa 

ciklTan, romelSic saqarTvelos eklesiis mesveurebisa 

da erisTavT-erisTav abuserisZeebis mier politikuri 

Tematikis xazgasma ioane anCelis himnogragiuli 

kanonisadmi mimarTul erTgvar sapasuxo reaqciad 

aRiqmeba. 

cnobebi ioane anCelis warmomavlobaze mwiria, amitom 

Zneli saTqmelia, `galobani anCis xatisanis~ SeqmnaSi 

raime saxiT monawileobdnen Tu ara abuserisZeTa 

52

konkurenti cixisjvarel-jayelebi, magram gamoricxuli 

arc esaa, radgan ioane anCelis deda XII saukunis 

saqarTvelos erT-erT gavlenian feodalur gvars eku- 

Tvnoda59 . 

gasaTvaliswinebelia is faqtic, rom `galobani an- 

Cis xatisanis~ gavrcelebis areali didxans ar gascilebia 

samcxe-saaTabagos, cixisjvarel-jayelTa feodaluri 

gvaris warmomadgenlebi ki am teqsts XIV 

saukuneSic kargad icnobdnen, rasac adasturebs anCis 

xatis karebis SidamoWedilobaze daculi warwera 

(1308-1334 ww.), romelSic samcxis pirveli aTabagi beqa 

jayeli ixsenieba: 

`sityvao RmrTisa mamisao, Seiwire undoi 

ese mkobai wmidis da saSinelisa gankacebisa 

Senisa xatisa kuboÁ. patronsa mandaturTuxucessa 

beqasa da mianiWe mkuidrebai raTa SenTa Tana 

da me da Zeni Cemni guiÃsnen~ (amiranaSvili 1956: 9). 

warweraSi meordeba ioane anCelis sagaloblis 

cnobili motivebi: specifikuri sityva ùndoi~, romelic, 

sabas ganmartebiT, àrad saÃmars~ niSnavs, gvxvdeba 

`galobani anCis xatisanis~ akrostiqSic: ùgalob 

undo iovane anCeli~; aseve ioane anCelis sagalobel- 

Tan poulobs paralels gamoTqma `saSineli gankacebisa 

Senisa xati~ (Sdr.: `xatsa gankacebisa Senisasa~ – I.1 

da Semd.). beqa opizris Wedurobaze sityva `gankacebisa~ 

ar gvxvdeba (Sdr.: ìoane anCelman, rkinaelman, 

Ãelvyav saSinelisa amis xatisa pativiT moWedvad~). 

` 

59 ioane anCelis biZa (dedis Zma) pavle tbeli dimitri mefem (1125- 

1155 ww.) gazarda. amitom ar aris gasakviri, rom pavles disSvilebi 

sakmaod dawinaurdnen XII saukunis saqarTvelos eklesiaSi: nikoloz 

saRirisZesa da arsen quTaTels mTavarepiskoposis saydari 

epyraT, arseni `dimitri mefis mwirveli” iyo, xolo antoni – opizis 

winamZRvari. pavle tbels sami da hyavda: cxovreba, guranduxti 

da nona (petriwi 1968: 54), magram CvenTvis ucnobia, kerZod romeli 

maTganis Svili iyo `galobani anCis xatisanis” avtori. 

53 

anCis xatis Semdgomi istoria amgvaria: anCis saepiskoposos 

gauqmebisa da samcxis gamahmadianebis Semdeg, 

kerZod, 1664 wels, xati Tbiliselma vaWarma amirjana 

ievanguliSvilma SeiZina, TbilisSi Camoitana da 

kaTalikos domenti II-s (1660-1676) mihyida (Jordania 

1897: 482). am ukanasknelma ganaaxla macxovris xati da 

1675 wels sakaTalikoso saydarSi daasvena, romelsac 

SemdgomSi anCisxatis eklesia ewoda. 1686 wels xati 

moaWedvina givi amilaxvarma (kaTalikos domenti II-is 

Zmam), xolo 1715 wels – kaTalikosma domenti III-m, 

romelmac, amasTan erTad, sadResaswaulos axal redaqciaSi 

(1718 w.) anCis xatis xseneba 16 agvistos daawesa, 

mandilionis edesidan konstantinopolSi gadasvenebis 

dRes (amiranaSvili 1956: 10-12; aldamiZe 2007: 11-15). 

dResaswaulis 16 agvistos daweseba imaze metyvelebs, 

rom domenti III anCis xats xelTuqmnel xatTan 

akavSirebda (magram ar aigivebda), ris saSualebasac, 

rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, ioane anCelis sagalobelSi 

xorcSesxmuli ideebi iZleoda, kerZod, anCis xatis 

memkvidreobiTi kavSiri hierapolisur keramidionTan 

da misi saqarTveloSi davaneba wm. andrias mier. 

domenti III-m `galobani anCis xatisanis~ teqsti 

sadResaswauloSi ar Seitana da mxolod imiT Semoifargla, 

rom anCis xatis troparSi gaimeora ioane 

anCelis himnografiuli kanonis ramdenime motivi da 

fragmenti. magram, rac unda gasakviri iyos, troparSi, 

ioane anCelis warweris msgavsad, ignorirebulia wm. 

andria mociqulis Rvawli: 

`litaniobdiT da galobdiT, 

aqebdiT da adidebdiT 

yoveli suli da yoveli dabadebuli 

yovlisa sulisa mxsnelsa da mfarvelsa 

saSinelsa anCis xatsa, 

romeli uRaRTa RadoT klarjeTsa 

54

ierapoliT movida xati ese saSineli. 

Cven, mosavTa misTa, moguaniWebs codvaTa Sendobasa 

da didsa wyalobasa~ (aldamiZe 2007: 62). 

Sdr.: àndria, Tavi mociqulTa, pirvelwodebuli, mowafe meufisa 

didisa idideboden yovelTagan, uRaRTa RadoTa klarjeTisaTa 

ierapoliT movida da xati ese saSineli Cuen, mosavTa misTa, 

moguaniWa~ (VIII,3) (sulava 2003: 298-299). 

domenti III kaTalikosis Semdeg `galobani anCis 

xatisanis~ teqsti didi xniT miiviwyes, amitom andria 

pirvelwodebulis mier anCis xatis saqarTveloSi Semosvenebis 

idea aRaravis axsovda. domentis sadResaswaulo 

ki sxvadasxvagvari daskvnis gamotanis safuZvels 

iZleoda: 16 agvistos gangebaSi anCis xati ixsenieboda 

edesis mandilionTan da keramidionTan (martyofis 

xatTan) erTad. iqve iyo moyvanili anCis xatis 

tropari, arsen bulmaisimisZis sagaloblis fragmenti 

da anton martyofelis svinaqsaruli cxovreba (aldamiZe 

2007: 34). Sedegmac ar daayovna: 

1) domenti jandieriSvilis sadResaswauloSi (A- 

220, 1726 w.) anCis xati gaigivebulia anton martyofelis 

mier saqarTveloSi Camosvenebul xelTuqmnel 

xatTan, anu edesis keramidionTan; 

2) xatis gviandel (1825 w.) mxedrul warweraSi ki 

anCis xati ukve edesis mandilionTanaa gaigivebuli 

(aldamiZe 2007: 54-55). 

mxedrul warweraSi damaxinjebulia mandilionis 

istoriac: TiTqos xelTuqmneli xati edesidan konstantinopolSi 

xatmebrZolobamde gadaiyvanes (da ara 944 

wels), xolo konstantinopolidan klarjeTSi (anCaSi) 

gadaasvenes xatmebrZoli imperatoris – leon isavrielis 

mefobis dros (717-740), rac aseve ar Seesabameba 

sinamdviles. am gamogonili istoriis Semdeg meordeba 

ioane anCelis warweris mokle Sinaarsi: 

55 

`xati ese ÃeliT uqmneli pirvelad edesiiTgan 

konstantinopolad warmousvenebiaT. da odes leo isavri 

da sxuani xatTmbrZolni gamoCndnen, mas Jamsa muniTgan 

wamoesvenaT da daesvenaT klarjeTsa saepiskopososa 

saydarsa. da nivTis boZebiTa mefeT-mefisa TamarisiTa 

ioane anCels patiosnad moeWeda~ (amiranaSvili 1956: 11). 

amgvarad, ioane anCelma anCis xati wm. andrias samociqulo 

qadagebas da qalaq hierapoliss daukavSira, 

kaTalikosma domenti III-m anCis xatsa da hierapolisis 

keramidionis kavSirze mianiSna, XVIII-XIX saukuneebSi 

ki es siwminde ukve gaaigives edesis xelTuqmnel 

xatebTan: keramidionTan (d. jandieriSvili, 1726 w.) da 

mandilionTan (xatis mxedruli warwera, 1825 w.). 

aRniSnuli garemoebebis gamo CrdilSi moeqca ioane 

anCelis himnografiuli kanoni, romlis erTaderTi 

nusxac (A-1040, 1721 w.) pirvelad 1908 wels gamoqveynda 

(janaSvili 1908: 308-313). am dros sayovelTaod iyo 

gaziarebuli azri anCis xatis xelTuqmnelobis Sesaxeb, 

amitom saeklesio tradiciam SemdgomSic am ideas 

mianiWa upiratesoba. wm. andrias misionerul moRvaweobasTan 

anCis xatis kavSiri ki (razec `galobani anCis 

xatisani~ mogviTxrobs) yuradRebis miRma aRmoCnda, rogorc 

es didi xniT adre anCis xatis warweraSi (XII s.) 

moxda, xolo mogvianebiT (XVIII s.) – missave troparSi. 

56

`mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciebi da 

àxali qarTlis cxovreba~ 

leonti mrovelis, arsen berisa da ioane anCelis 

teqstebma àndria mociqulis mimoslvis~ qarTuli 

redaqciis Camoyalibebis winapiroba Seqmna. aseTi redaqciis 

arsebobas adasturebs A-161 xelnaweri (1738 w.), 

romelzec m. kobiaSvilma gaamaxvila yuradReba 

(mimosvla 2008: 16-17, 129-133). `mimoslvis~ es nusxa 

efTvime aTonelis Targmans emyareba, Tumca masSi, 

kerZod, saqarTvelosadmi miZRvnil monakveTebSi, 

Setanilia geografiuli glosebi (interpolaciebi): 

àndria mociqulis mimoslva~ A-161 xelnaweri 

movidodes qalaqiTi-qalaqad da 

sofliTi-soflad. aswavlides 

erTa da iqmodes saswaulTa da 

esreT moiwines 

queyanad qarTlisa da 

vidre mdinaredmde Woroxisa 


saxelsa RmrTisasa. da 

merme STavides sosangelTa 

sofelsa. 


dReTa maT dedakaci vinme 

mTavari, romelsaca hrwmena 

qadagebaÁ mociqulTaÁ (gv. 189). 

57 


sofliTi-soflad. aswavebdes 

erTa da iqmodes saswaulTa, da 

esreT miiwivnes 

queyanasa qarTlisasa. da 

merme warvles toios kerZi 

queyanaÁ da 

vidre mdinared Worotadmde, 

yoveli igi soflebi mis 

kerZisa movles, da 

daucadeblad qadagebdes 

saxelsa RvTisasa. da 

esreT qadagebiTa miiwivnes 

sivneTisa queyaÁnasa. 



mTavari, romelsa hrwmena 

qadageba mociqulTa (gv. 50 r; 

mimosvla 2008: 132) 

A-161 xelnawerSi bevri Secdomaa daSvebuli: `taos~ 

nacvlad weria `toio~, Woroxis nacvlad – Woroti, 

sosangeTis nacvlad – sivneTi. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT 

imas, rom xelnaweris redaqtori cnobili mwignobari 

romanoz mitropolitia, cxadi gaxdeba, rom aRniSnuli 

interpolaciebis gaCenis Semdeg didi droa gasuli da 

gadamwers xelT aqvs nusxa-xucuriT dawerili (tao > 

toio, Woroxi > Woroti), sakmaod Zveli da Selaxuli 

dedani. aqedan gamomdinare, efTvimes TargmanSi interpolaciebis 

CarTva 1738 wlamde didi xniT adrea 

sagulvebeli. 

`mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqcia safuZvlad daedo 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ CanarTebs mociqulTa saqarTveloSi 

qadagebis Sesaxeb60 . amgvari CanarTebi àxali 

qarTlis cxovrebis~ xuT nusxaSia daculi, Tanac sxvadasxvagvari 

SedgenilobiT (qca I: 030, 034, grigolia 

1954: 292-293, 301-302). es nusxebia: 

1) P falavandiSviliseuli xelnaweris (H-988, 1719- 

1744 ww.) nusxa-xucuriT Sesrulebuli nawili, romelsac 

k. grigolia ùrbnul~ xelnawers uwodebs (qca I: 

42 sq., grigolia 1954: 292-293); 

2) T Teimuraziseuli – xelnaweri M-13, 1717-1724 ww.; 

3) P 1 (=p) falavandiSviliseuli xelnaweris (H-988) 

mxedruliT Sesrulebuli nawili (1761 w.); 

4) b baraTaSviliseuli – xelnaweri S-25, 1761 w.; 

5) B broseseuli – xelnaweri M-41, 1839 w. 

XVIII saukunis aRniSnul nusxebSi warmodgenili 

redaqciebidan arcerTi ar ekuTvnis vaxtang VI-is 

` 

60 `qarTlis cxovrebaSi” saqarTvelos eklesiis istoria jerovani 

sisruliT ar iyo warmodgenili, ris gamoc `swavlul kacTa~ komisiam 

da Semdgomi drois redaqtorebma Zvel matianeSi interpolaciebi 

da CanarTebi Seitanes, romelTa Soris zogierTi sakmaod 

vrcelia. aseTia: istoria qristes kvarTis mcxeTaSi Semotanisa (qca 

I: 36-38), wm. andrias qadageba saqarTveloSi (gv. 39-43), petre iberielis 

cxovreba (gv. 132-135), ioane zedaznelisa da misi mowafeebis 

cxovreba (gv. 206-214). 

58

`swavlul kacTa~ komisias. k. grigolias gamokvlevis 

mixedviT, yvela maTgani Seqmnilia àxali qarTlis 

cxovrebis~ redaqtirebis momdevno etapebze: 

1) P da T nusxebi ekuTvnis `qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

redaqciis meore periods (1703-1760 ww.), roca aderki 

mefis qronikaSi CarTes `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciis 

fragmentebi (grigolia 1954: 291-293); 

2) p da b nusxebi – mesame periods (XVIII saukunis 

60-iani ww.), roca àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ Seitanes 

mesxuri gadmocema (grigolia 1954: 300-302). 

aRniSnul fragmentebSi andria pirvelwodebulis 

saqarTveloSi qadagebis istoria sam vrcel CanarTad 

iyofa (romlebic s. yauxCiSvilis gamocemaSi wvrili 

SriftiTaa dabeWdili): 

1) pirveli CanarTi agrZelebs `mefeTa cxovrebaSi~ 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁdan~ Setanil CanarTs (gv. 38), 

ZiriTadad, mesxur gadmocemas emyareba da mogviTxrobs 

mociqulTa wilisyraze, saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi 

wilxvdomaze, RvTismSoblis xelTuqmneli xatis 

gamosaxvasa da wm. andrias saqarTveloSi warmogzavnaze 

(gv. 38); 

2) meore CanarTi mosdevs (zog nusxaSi – enacvleba) 

leonti mrovelis sityvebs `moaqcivna megrelni da 

warvida gzasa klarjeTisasa~. CanarTis dasawyisSi 

warmodgenilia `mimoslvis~ efTvimeseuli Targmanis 

fragmenti (`movida [ukue] qalaqad trapizonad, romel 

ars sofeli megrelTa, sada-igi dahyo Jami mciredi da 

ixila ugunureba pirutyuebrivi mkÂdrTa Soris mis 

qalaqisaTa. ganvida mier da Sevida queyanasa qarTlisasa~), 

ris Semdegac andria pirvelwodebulis didaWarasa 

da awyurSi qadagebis istoriaa gadmocemuli 

mesxuri gadmocemis mixedviT (gv. 39-42); 

3) mesame CanarTi mogviTxrobs mociqulTa qadagebaze 

qarTlSi, taoSi, Woroxis xeobaSi, svaneTSi, ov- 

59 

seTSi, fostaforSi, afxazeTSi, sevastiasa da nikofs- 

Si. s. yauxCiSvilis gamocemaSi es CanarTi mosdevs Zveli 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ im monakveTs, romelSic gadmocemulia 

axladgaqristianebuli megrelebis gawarmarTeba 

da klarjeTis erisTavis Serisxva aderki 

mefis mier. 

Tavdapirvelad ganvixilavT `qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

CanarTebis im plasts, romelic `mimoslvis~ qarTuli 

redaqciidan momdinareobs da wm. andrias sxvadasxva 

misionerul mogzaurobebs asaxavs. 

I. pirveli misioneruli mogzaurobis dros, rogorc 

ukve aRvniSneT, wm. andria saqarTveloSi kapadokiisa 

da sinopis gavliT movida da trapezuntis 

Semdeg qarTlSi iqadaga. 

`mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciis es monakveTi interpolaciebTan 

erTadaa warmodgenili àxali qar- 

Tlis cxovrebis~ pbB nusxebSi: 

àndria mociqulis 

mimoslva~ 

`miiwia ukue qalaqad 

trapezundad, romeli-igi ars 

sofelsa megrelTasa, sada-igi 

dayo Jami mciredi da ixila 

ugunurebaÁ pirutyuebrivi 

mkÂdrTa Soris qalaqisaTa. 

ganvida mier da Sevida 

queyanasa qarTlisasa, 

vinaÁca-igi dayo Jami friadi 

da mravalni gananaTlna 

sityÂTa moZRurebisa misisaÁTa 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

CanarTi (pbB) 

`[movida ukue] andria qalaqad 

trapizonad, romel ars 

sofeli megrelTa, sada-igi 


ugunurebaÁ pirutyvebrivi 

mkÂdrTa mis qalaqisaTa. 



nig[a]las, klarjeTsa da 

artahan-kolas. 

sada-igi dayo Jami friad 

mravalni da gananaTlna 

sityÂTa moZRurebisa misisaTa 

60

da Sewirna uflisa wmidisa 

naTlis-RebiTa. 

mier warvlo 

kerZoni 

queyanisa parTevisani 

da aRvida ierusalems 

aRsrulebad 

paseqisa...~ (gv. 175). 

da Sewirna ufalsa wmidisa 

naTlisRebisa mier. 

mier warvlna 

gzani klarjeTisani, 

queyanani parTisani, 

romel ars somxiTi, 

da aRvida ierusalems 

aRsrulebad 

paseqisa...~ (gv. 38 sq.). 

xazgasmuli glosebi toponimebis ganmartebas isaxavs 

miznad. ori interpolacia warmomavlobiT Zvelia 

(`nigalas, klarjeTsa da artahan-kolas~, `romel ars 

somxiTi~), dasturdeba A-161 xelnawerSi (mimosvla 2008: 

131-132) da pirvelwyaroebic eZebneba.: 

1) `queyanasa qarTlisasa, nigalas, klarjeTsa da 

artahan-kolas~ – glosa `nigala~ saTaves iRebs arsen 

beris `ninos cxovrebidan~, `klarjeTi~ – leonti 

mrovelis teqstidan; interpolaciaSi gviandeli warmo- 

Sobisaa mtkvris auzis qveyanaTa saxelwodebebi artahani 

da kola. niSandoblivia, rom orive provincia 

klarjeTs esazRvreba da amave dros Sedis zemo qarTlis, 

gviandeli samcxe-saaTabagos, SemadgenlobaSi 61 ; 

2) interpolacia `queyanani parTisani, romel ars 

somxiTi~ gaugebrobazea damyarebuli da, SesaZloa, 

ukavSirdebodes somexTa ganmanaTleblis wm. grigolis 

zedwodebas _ parTels, romelTan asociiciis gamoc 

`mimoslvis~ qarTul redaqciaSi gaigivebulia parTia 

da somxeTi // somxiTi. cxadia, ufro marTebulia amave 

adgilis arsen beriseuli wakiTxva (parTTasa > spars- 

Tasa): 

` 

61 mtkvris auzis qveyanaTa CamonaTvali ufro vrcelia mesxur gadmocemaSi, 

romlis mixedviTac, wm. andrias misioneruli marSruti 

gascda kola-artaans da moicva samcxec: rkinis jvari, oZrxe, zadengora, 

awyveri da saqrisi. 

61 

`ninos cxovreba~: `miiwia samusatelTa didsa mas qalaqsa, romel 

ars sazRvarsa sparsTasa~ (gv. 9); 

Sdr.: `mimoslva~: `miiwia samosatelTa didsa mas qalaqsa, romel 

ars sazRvarsa parTTasa~ (gv. 187). 

rac Seexeba frazas `gzani klarjeTisani~, igi leonti 

mrovels ekuTvnis da `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciis 

fragmentSi àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ redaqtorebma 

Seitanes, radgan pbB nusxebSi amoRebulia 

avTenturi teqstis mTeli winadadeba: àndria moaqcivna 

megrelni da warvida gzasa klarjeTisasa~. 

swored am winadadebis adgili daikava aRniSnul 

nusxebSi `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciis meore Canar- 

Tma, romelSic leonti mrovelis xazgasmulma frazam 

interpolaciis saxe miiRo (gv. 38, sq.) 

`mimoslvis~ efTvimeseuli Targmanis ganxiluli 

fragmenti dublirebulia `qarTlis cxovrebis~ meore 

CanarTis dasawyisSic, magram amjerad masSi gamotovebulia 

interpolaciebi da mociqulis ierusalimSi 

dabrunebis epizodi, ris nacvladac dakonkretebulia, 

rom „queyanasa qarTlisasa... did-aWara ewodebis~: 

`mimoslvis~ qarTuli 

redaqcia 

`[movida] andria qalaqad 




ugunurebaÁ pirutyvebrivi 

mkÂdrTa mis qalaqisaTa. 



nig[a]las, klarjeTsa da 

artahan-kolas 

62 


CanarTi (pbB) 

`movida [ukue] qalaqad 



dahyo Jami mciredi da ixila 

ugunureba pirutyuebrivi 

mkÂdrTa Soris mis qalaqisaTa. 



romelsa did-aWara 

ewodebis, da iwyo

sada-igi dayo Jami friad 

mravalni~ 

63 

qadagebad saxarebisa~ (gv. 39). 

glosa `romelsa did-aWara ewodebis~ àxali qar- 

Tlis cxovrebis~ gviandel redaqtorebs ekuTvnis, romlebmac 

am Sualeduri fraziT erTmaneTs daukavSires 

`mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqcia da mesxuri gadmocema 

wm. andrias aWarasa (didaWara) da samcxeSi (awyuri) 

qadagebis Sesaxeb. 

II. meore misioneruli mogzauribis dros wm. andria 

pirvelwodebuli nikeis gavliT sinopSi mivida, sinopidan 

ki – `zRviskidesa pontoÁsasa~ da isev trapizonSi: 

`miiwia trapezundad, qalaqsa mas samegreloÁsasa, sadaigi 

mkÂdr iyvnes, viTarca vTqu, kacni ugulisÃmoni da ugunurni. 

TÂnier, maTca Seiwynares qadagebaÁ mociqulisaÁ~ 

(mimosvla 2008: 187). 

sagulisxmoa, rom `qarTlis cxovrebis~ CanarTebi 

gverds uvlian wm. andrias meore misionerul mogzaurobas, 

romlis drosac mociqulma megrelni moaqcia 

qristianobaze. amis mizezi is unda iyos, rom trapezunti 

ar Sedioda saqarTvelos saeklesio iurisdiqciaSi, 

megrelTa moqceva ki aRwerili iyo leonti 

mrovelis avTentur teqstSi: 

`movides... andria da sÂmon kananeli afxazeTs da 

egriss da mun aResrula sÂmon kananeli... andria moaqcivna 

megrelni da warvida gzasa klarjeTisasa~ (gv. 38). 

III. mesame misioneruli mogzaurobis dros wm. 

andria siriis qalaq edesis gavliT moadga qarTls, 

mdinare Woroxs da iqadaga sosangelTa sofelSi, 

sadac moaqcia „dedakaci vinme mTavari~. mataTa da sxva 

mociqulebi sosangeTSi darCnen, wm. andria ki simon kananelTan 

erTad ovseTSi gadavida da qalaqi fostafori 

ganvlo, ris Semdegac iqadaga afxazeTSi, qalaq 

sevastiaSi, iqve datova simonic da Tavad jiqeTSi 

gadavida. 

àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ „mimoslvis~ qarTuli 

redaqciis es monakveTic glosebTan erTad moxvda, 

romlebzec nawilobriv ukve SevCerdiT, roca A-161 

xelnawerze vwerdiT: 

àndria mociqulis 

mimoslva~ 

`Semdgomad martÂliisa 

ganvida kualad saqmesa 

qadagebisasa da iyvnes mis Tana 

mogzaur sÂmon, romelsa ewoda 

kananeli da mataTia, romeli 

iwoda iudaÁs wil, da Tadeos. 

miiwines ukue edese qalaqad, 

sada-igi daSTa Tadeos avgaroz 

mTavrisa Tana, romeli sadaca 

ÃeliT uqmneli igi xati 

uflisa Cuenisasa iesu qristesi 

masve Tadeossa pirvel mierTua. 

da romlisagan meyseulad 

miiRo mTavarman man Ãorcieli 

simrTele da sulieri 

sarwmunoebaÁ. xolo 

didebuli andrea sxuaTa maT 

Tana 


sofliTi-soflad. aswavlides 

erTa da iqmodes saswaulTa da 

esreT moiwines queyanad 

qarTlisa da 

` 

62 gamocemaSia: martÂlisa. 

64 


CanarTi TpbB 

`xolo viTarca aResrula 

dResaswauli martÂliisa62 warmovida muniT 

didebuli andria sxuaTa maT 

Tana mociqulTa, 


sofliTi-soflad. aswavebdes 

erTa da iqmodes saswaulTa, da 

esreT miiwivnes queyanasa 

qarTlisasa. da

vidre mdinaredmde Woroxisa 


saxelsa RmrTisasa. da 

merme STavides 

sosangelTa sofelsa. 



mTavari, romelsaca hrwmena 

qadagebaÁ mociqulTaÁ da 

mataTia sxuaTa maT Tana 

mowafeTa daSTa maT kerZoTa, 

xolo didi andrea 

sÂmoniTurT Sevides queyanasa 

ovseTisasa da miiwines 

qalaqad, romelsa 

ewodebis fostafor, 

sada-igi didni saswaulni 

qmnnes da mravalni erni 

moaqcines da 

gananaTlnes. mier warvides da 

Sevides queyanasa afxazeTisasa 

da sevastiad qalaqad mivides 

da uqadages sityuaÁ RmrTisaÁ 

da mravalTa Seiwynares. 

da mun dauteva netarman andria 

sÂmon kananeli sxuaTa Tana 

mowafeTa da Tavadi jiqeTisa 

queyanad warvida; 

xolo kacni mis queyanisani 

65 

merme warvles taos kerZi 

queyana da 

vidre mdinared Woroxadmde, 


kerZisa movles, da 

daucadebelad qadagebdes 

saxelsa RvTisasa. da 

esreT qadagebiTa miiwivnes 

svaneTisa queyanasa. 



mTavari, romelsa hrwmena 

qadageba mociqulTa. da 

mataTa sxuaTa maT Tana 

mowafeTa daSTa maT kerZoTa. 

xolo didi andria 

simoniTurT Sevida queyanasa 

ovseTisasa, da miiwines 

qalaqad, romelsa 

ewodeboda fostafori, 

sada-igi didi saswauli 

qmnes da mravalni erni 

moaqcivnes da 

gananaTlnes, mier warvides da 


da sevaste qalaqad mivides, 

romelsa aw ewodeba cxumi. 

da uqadages sityua RvTisa, 

da mravalTa Seiwynares. 

da mun dauteva netarman andria 

simon kananeli sxuaTa Tana 

mowafeTa da Tavadi jiqeTisa 

queyanad aRvida; 

xolo kacni mis queyanisani – 

jiqni, iyvnes kacni ficxelni 

guliTa da saqmeTa Sina 

borotTa ganfrdilni, 

urwmunoni da uZRebni; romelTa 

ara Seiwynares qadagebaÁ 

mociqulisaÁ, aramed eneba 

moklvaÁ misi, aramed 

madlman RmrTisaman daicva. da 

ixila raÁ moudrekelobaÁ maTi 

da pirutyuebrivi gonebaÁ, 

dautevna da warvida. amisTÂsca 

vidre aqamomde urwmunoebasa 

Sina arian. mier waremarTa 

mociquli qristesi da mivida 

queyanad, romelsa hrqÂan 

sÂldiaÁ... mivida bosfor 

qalaqad, romeli-igi ars kidesa 

evqsinos zRÂsasa, maxlobelad 

queyanasa tavro-guTTasa da 

didisa mis tbisa, romelsa 

meot ewodebis. sada-igi ars 

luskumaÁ, romelsa zeda sweria 

saxeli sÂmon moSurnisaÁ. 

xolo sÂmon kananelisa 

saflavi ars nikofse qalaqsa, 

Soris afxazeTisa da jiqeTisa~ 

(gv. 188-190). 

66 

jiqni iyvnes kacni ficxelni 

guliTa da saqmeTa Sina 

borotTa ganfrdilni, 

urwmunoni da uZRebni. romelTa 

ara Seiwynares qadageba 

mociqulisa, aramed eneba 

moklva misi, xolo 

madlman RvTisaman daicva da 

ixila ra moudrekeloba maTi 

da pirutyuebrivi goneba, 

dauteva da warvida. amisTÂsca 

vidre aqamomde urwmunoebasa 

Sina arian. 

xolo simon kananelisa 

saflavi ars nikops qalaqsa, 

Soris afxazeTisa da jiqeTisa, 

rameTu mun aResrula wmida 

simon kananeli. xolo kualad 

ganamtkicna wmidaman andria 

megrelni da afxazni da 

warvida skÂTed~ (gv. 42-43). 

paralelur teqstSi naCvenebi gvaqvs, rom `mimoslvis~ 

qarTuli redaqciis moyvanili fragmenti àxal

qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ cvlilebebs ganicdis. masSi amo- 

Rebulia: 

a) epizodi avgaroz mefis, Tadeoz mociqulisa da 

edesis mandilionis Sesaxeb (gv. 188-189); 

b) wm. andrias mogzauroba svildiaSi, bosforsa da 

tavro-guTeTSi (gv. 189-190). 

`mimoslvis~ fragmentis danarCeni nawili, A-161 

xelnawerisgan gansxvavebiT, àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ 

Secdomebis gareSea warmodgenili, amitom is Sei- 

Zleba ganvixiloT, rogorc `mimoslvis~ qarTuli 

redaqciis erT-erTi yvelaze sarwmuno nusxa. 

paralelur teqstSi naTlad Cans, rom `mimoslvis~ 

qarTuli redaqciis am monakveTSi Setanili glosebic 

geografiuli arealis dakonkretebas isaxavs miznad: 

1) pirveli aseTi glosa Seexeba taos. interpolatorisTvis 

cnobilia, rom Woroxis xeobaSi qarTlis 

qveynis erT-erTi ganapira mxarea taos regioni, amitom 

pirvelwyaroSi Seaqvs CanarTi: „merme warvles taos 

kerZi queyana~. 

2) meore glosaSi naxsenebi `svaneTis queynis~ adgilze 

pirvelwyaroSi weria: „sosangelTa sofeli~. cxadia, 

interpolatorma „sosangelTa sofeli~ fonetikuri 

msgavsebis gamo gaaigiva `svaneTis queyanasTan~. 

amave niadagze Cndeba `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciis 

A-161 nusxaSi `sivneTisa queyana~ 63 . 

3) qalaq fostaforis lokalizacia interpolatorisaTvis 

gaurkvevelia, amitom nacvlad dedniseuli 

` 

63 `mimoslvis~ qarTul redaqciaSi `svaneTis qveynis~ gaCenas, SesaZloa, 

imanac misca biZgi, rom wm. andria `sosangeTidan~ ovseTSi gadavida. 

Tu es marTlac asea, interpolators mociqulis misioneruli 

marSruti ase unda warmoedgina: wm. andria oseTSi gadavida 

sosangeT-svaneTis gavliT. magram amaves ver vityviT sosangeTsivneTis 

identifikaciis Sesaxeb, radgan sivneTi (siuniqi) somxeTis 

provincia iyo da mdebareobda am qveynis samxreT-aRmosavleT nawilSi. 

aqedan gamomdinare, ufro mosalodnelia sosangeT-sivneTsvaneTis 

monacvleoba fonetikuri msgavsebis niadagze. 

67 

„miiwines qalaqad, romelsa ewodebis fostafor~, miseul 

redaqciaSi weria: „qalaqad, romelsa ewodeboda 

fostafor~. 

4) fostaforisgan gansxvavebiT, interpolatorma 

kargad icis, rom yofil sevaste qalaqs mis dros 

cxumi hqvia, amitom teqstSi Seaqvs interpolacia: 

„sevaste qalaqad... romelsa aw ewodeba cxumi~. amave 

Sinaarsis ganmartebas vxvdebiT arsen beris `ninos 

cxovrebaSic~: `sevastopolid, romel ars cxumi~. 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ redaqtorebs `mimoslvis~ qar- 

Tuli redaqciidan momdinare plastis bolo monakveTSi 

SeutaniaT saintereso glosa leonti mrovelis 

`mefeTa cxovrebidan~: 

leonti mrovelis `mefeTa 

cxovreba~ 

`mun aResrula wmida sÂmon 

kananeli, 

qalaqsa nikofsisasa, sazRvarsa 

berZenTasa. 

xolo kualad andria moaqcivna 

megrelni 

da afxazni da warvida 

gzasa klarjeTisasa~ (gv. 38). 

68 


CanarTi TpbB 

`...mun aResrula wmida simon 

kananeli. 

xolo kualad ganamtkicna 

wmidaman andria megrelni 

da afxazni da warvida 

skÂTed~ (gv. 43). 

leonti mroveliseuli frazis – `gzasa klarjeTisasa~ 

skÂTeTiT Canacvleba ganmartebas saWiroebs, 

radgan `mimoslvasa~ da mis qarTul redaqciaSi es 

geografiuli saxeli ar ixsenieba (berZnul `skviTias~ 

efTvime aToneli `guTeTad~ Targmnis). aqedan gamomdinare, 

wm. andrias misionerul marSrutSi skviTeTis 

aRdgena vaxtang VI-is Semdgomi drois redaqtorTa 

damsaxurebad unda CaiTvalos.

winadadeba `xolo kualad ganamtkicna wmidaman andria 

megrelni da afxazni da warvida skÂTed~ àxali 

qarTlis cxovrebis~ mxolod BP nusxebSi gxvdeba. 

aRniSnuli cnoba warmomavlobiT Zvelia da ukavSirdeba 

adreul literaturul tradicias wm. andrias 

skviTeTSi qadagebis Sesaxeb (`klarjuli mravalTavi~, 

`mcire svinaqsari~ da `didi svinaqsari~). 

ganxiluli magaliTebi ori TvalsazrisiTaa saintereso: 

erTi mxriv, isini warmoaCenen im samuSaos, 

romelic `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciis avtors 

(interpolators) Cautarebia efTvime mTawmideliseul 

Targmanze, xolo, meore mxriv, gviCveneben, rom mociqulTa 

qadagebisadmi miZRvnili plasti àxal qarTlis 

cxovrebaSi~, ZiriTadad, `mimoslvis~ qarTul redaqcias 

emyareba, magram masSi gaTvaliswinebulia sxva 

istoriuli wyaroebis monacemebic. 

zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, SeiZleba davaskvnaT, 

rom `mimoslvis~ teqsti ori sxvadasxva redaqciuli 

plastis saxiTaa warmodgenili àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~. 

aRniSnuli plastebidan ufro Zvelia `mimoslvis~ 

pirveli qarTuli redaqcia, romelic sruli 

saxiT xelnawer A-161-Si gvxvdeba, xolo fragmentulad 

– àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~. am redaqciis avtori 

Tanamedroveobis gadasaxedidan „kiTxulobs~ istoriul 

dokuments, iTvaliswinebs literaturul 

tradicias (leonti mrovelis `mefeTa cxovreba~, arsen 

beris `ninos cxovreba~) da efTvimeseul TargmanSi 

Seaqvs istoriul-geografiuli Sinaarsis glosebi nigalis, 

klarjeTis, artaan-kolas, somxiTis, taos, cxumisa 

da sosangeT-svaneT-sivneTis Sesaxeb. 

cxadad Cans, rom aRniSnuli redaqciis glosaTa 

umravlesoba wm. andrias misionerul mogzaurobebSi 

mesxeTis farTo planiT warmodgenas isaxavs miznad. am 

TvalsazrisiT niSandoblivia, rom Woroxis auzTan 

69 

(tao-klarjeTi-nigali) erTad glosebSi Setanilia 

mtkvris auzis qveynebi artaani da kola (rogorc cnobilia, 

`mimoslvis~ teqstSi mxolod mdinare Woroxia 

naxsenebi). es faqtebi ki imaze metyveleben, rom `mimoslvis~ 

pirveli qarTuli redaqciis Seqmnis adgili 

samcxe-saaTabagoa. 

`mimoslvis~ meore qarTuli redaqcia „axali qarTlis 

cxovrebis~ PTbB nusxebis Tanadroulia da Ziri- 

Tadad `mimoslvis~ pirvel qarTul redaqcias emyareba. 

masSi Setanilia calkeuli glosebi leonti mrovelis 

`mefeTa cxovrebidan~ (`gzani klarjeTisani~; `mun aResrula 

simon kananeli...~), mesxuri gadmocemidan (`romelsa 

didaWara ewodebis~) da adreuli literaturuli 

wyaroebidan (`skÂTed~). 

amgvarad, `mimoslvis~ pirveli qarTuli redaqciis 

avtors interpolaciebi efTvimes TargmanSi Seaqvs, 

meore qarTuli redaqciis avtors ki – `qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

CanarTebSi. 

dakvirveba cxadyofs, rom XVIII saukunis pirvel 

naxevarSi Seiqmna `mimoslvis~ mesame redaqciac, romelic 

àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ e. w. ùrbnul~ xelnawerSia 

(1719-1744 ww.) warmodgenili. am redaqciis 

CvenTvis saintereso monakveTi (qca I: 42-43 sq.) k. grigoliam 

ganixila, àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ Teimuraziseul 

(T) nusxasTan Seadara da ramdenime specifikur 

niSanzec gaamaxvila yuradReba (grigolia 1954: 292-294). 

urbnuli redaqcia mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba àxali 

qarTlis cxovrebis~ sxva nusxebisagan, amitom 

masze calke SevCerdebiT: 

ùrbnuli~ xelnweri (P) 

`(1) amisve aderkis mefobasa 

Sina movida aTormetTa 

70 

literaturuli wyaroebi 

àmisve aderkis mefobasa 

Sina movides aTormetTa

wmida mociqulTagani 

andria simon kananeliTurT, 

(2) pirvelad qarTlad da 

gananaTla qarTli da naTelsca 

da merme ukun-iqca 

(3) da ganvlo Worexi da 

(4) Sevida svaneTs da arwmuna 

qadageba mTavarsa mas 

dedakacsa, romeli mTavrobda 

mun. 

(5) dauteva simon kananeli 

(6) da kualad gardavlo mTa 

(7) da STavida ovseTad qalaqsa 

mas ovseTisasa bosforas 

(8) da uricxuni saswaulni 

aRasrulna da moaqcivna 

(9) da movida cxumadve da 

warvidnen afxazeTs 

71 

wmidaTa mociqulTaganni 

andria da sÂmon kananeli~ 

(leonti mroveli // qca I: 38). 

`Sevida queyanasa qarTlisasa, 

nigalas, klarjeTsa da artaankolas~ 

(qca I: 38 sq., 39); 

èsreT miiwivnes quyanasa 

qarTlisasa da merme warvles 

taos kerZi queyana da vidre 

mdinared Woroxadmde, 


kerZisa movles da 

daucadebelad qadagebdes 

saxelsa RvTisasa. da esreT 

qadagebiTa miiwivnes svaneTisa 

queyanasa. xolo mas queyanasa 

mTavrobda dReTa maT dedakaci 

vinme mTavari, romelsa hrwmena 

qadageba mociqulTa 

[`dauteva... simon kananeli~ – 

qca I: 43] 

da mataTa sxuaTa maT Tana 

mowafeTa daSTa maT kerZoTa. 

xolo didi andria simoniTurT 

Sevida queyanasa ovseTisasa, da 

miiwia qalaqad, romelsa 

ewodeboda fostafori, 

sada-igi didi saswauli qmnes 

da mravalni erni moaqcivnes da 

gananaTlnes, mier warvides da 


da sevaste qalaqad mivides, 

(10) da mun arwmunes ufali 

Cueni iesu qriste. 

(11) xolo simon kananeli 

aResrula qalaqsa nikofsisasa, 

(12) romeli ars afxazeTsa da 

jiqeTs Sua. 

(13) sazRvarsa berZenTasa, 

(14) xolo kualad andria 

moaqcivna megrelni 

(15) da afxazni da warvida 

skÂTiad~. 

72 

romelsa aw ewodeba cxumi. 

da uqadages sityua RvTisa, da 

mravalTa Seiwynares 

(`mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqcia 

// qca I: 42-43). 

`mun aResrula wmida sÂmon 

kananeli, qalaqsa nikofsisasa 

[Sdr.: `Soris afxazeTisa da 

jiqeTisa~ _ `mimoslvis~ 

qarTuli redaqcia // qca I: 43] 

sazRvarsa berZenTasa. 

xolo kualad andria 

moaqcivna megrelni~ (leonti 

mroveli // qca I: 38). 

`da afxazni da warvida 

skÂTed~ (`mimoslvis~ qarTuli 

redaqcia // qca I: 43). 

imTaviTve unda iTqvas, rom urbnuli redaqciis 

gansaxilveli nawili Zveli `qarTlis cxovrebisa~ da 

`mimoslvis~ pirveli qarTuli redaqciis Sesabamis monakveTebze 

damyarebuli perifrazia, radgan wm. andrias 

misionerul marSrutSi redaqtori asaxelebs svaneTsa 

da cxums. 

paralelur teqstSi kargad Cans, rom urbnuli redaqciis 

1-li, me-11, me-13 da me-14 fragmentebi emyareba 

Zveli `qarTlis cxovrebis~ Sesabamis monakveTebs. me-2- 

10, me-12 da me-15 fragmentebi – `mimoslvis~ pirvel 

qarTul redaqcias, romlis ramdenime monacemic cvlilebas 

ganicdis, gansakuTrebiT es Seexeba wm. andrias 

misioneruli mogzaurobebis geografias: 

1. urbnul xelnawerSi damaxinjebulia geografiuli 

saxelebi: Worexi < Woroxi (3), bosfora < fostafori 

(7).

2. wm. andrias misioneruli mogzaurobebis marSrutidan 

amoRebulia mesxeTis provinciebi: nigali, klarjeTi, 

artaan-kola da tao, rac naTlad warmoaCens 

urbnuli redaqciis saerTo mimarTulebas da kritikul 

damokidebulebas `mimoslvis~ pirvel qarTul 

redaqciaSi ganviTarebuli kuTxuri tendenciisadmi. 

3. urbneli redaqtori analogiur damokidebulebas 

avlens `mefeTa cxovrebis~ mimarTac. rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, 

leonti mroveli (`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ gavleniT) 

wm. andrias qadagebis marSrutSi qarTls ar 

asaxelebs. urbnul redaqciaSi ki xazgasmiTaa aRniSnuli, 

rom mociquli `pirvelad [movida] qarTlad da 

gananaTla qarTli da naTelsca~ da mxolod amis 

Semdeg ùkun-iqca~ Woroxis xeobisken, saidanac svaneT- 

Si gadavida. 

qarTlSi wm. andrias qadagebaze mogviTxrobs `mimoslvis~ 

efTvimeseuli Targmanic: `Sevida queyanasa 

qarTlisasa, vinaÁca-igi dayo Jami friadi da mravalni 

gananaTlna~ (mimosvla 2008: 175); `moiwines queyanad 

qarTlisa da vidre mdinaredmde Woroxisa daucxromelad 

qadagebdes saxelsa RmrTisasa~ (mimosvla 2008: 

189), magram sityva `pirvelad~ teqstSi naxsenebi ar 

aris. es sityva ar gvxvdeba `mimoslvis~ qarTul redaqciebSic, 

sadac `qarTli~, erT SemTxvevaSi, ganmartebulia 

rogorc `nig[a]la, klarjeTi da artahan-kola~, 

xolo meore SemTxvevaSi – rogorc `didaWara~. 

urbneli redaqtoris mizani naTelia. qarTlis sakiTxSi 

igi istoriuli samarTlianobis aRdgenas cdilobs. 

k. grigolia urbnuli redaqciis am Taviseburebas 

sazogadoebrivi dakveTiT xsnis da aRniSnavs, rom vaxtangis 

momdevno xanis sazogadoebas surda `qarTlis 

cxovrebaSi~ sagangebod da pirvel rigSi aRniSnuliyo 

andria pirvelwodebulis qarTlSi moRvaweoba (grigo- 

73 

lia 1954: 293). magram, rogorc davinaxeT, es mxolod 

sakiTxis erTi mxarea, radgan urbneli redaqtori, 

qarTlisadmi miZRvnili monakveTis ganvrcobasTan er- 

Tad, gverds uvlis mociqulis qadagebas mesxeTis 

calkeul provinciebSi, razec `mimoslvis~ pirvel qar- 

Tul redaqciaSia saubari. 

74

mesxuri gadmocemis 

berZnuli da qarTuli versiebi 

àndria mociqulis mimoslvis~ pirvelma qarTulma 

redaqciam xelsayreli pirobebi Seqmna mesxuri gadmocemis 

warmoqmnisaTvis. am ukanasknelis vrceli qarTuli 

versia àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSia~ warmodgenili 

da wm. andrias misioneruli mogzaurobebis marSruts 

ormxriv ganavrcobs: Woroxis auzis qveynebSi damatebiT 

asaxelebs aWaras, xolo mtkvris auzis qveynebSi – 

samcxes. faqtia isic, rom `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqcia 

pirveladia, mesxuri gadmocema ki – meoreuli, 

radgan arc sakuTriv samcxe (awyuri) da arc aWara 

(didaWara) `mimoslvis~ pirvel qarTul redaqciaSi ar 

ixsenieba. 

mesxuri gadmocemis yvelaze adreuli literaturuli 

versia Semogvinaxa berZnulenovanma Txzulebam, 

romelic awyuris xats da mis saswaulebs eZRvneba. 

Txzulebis sruli saTauria `konstantinopolis uwmindesi 

saRvTo eklesiis didi ritoris manuelis Txroba 

awyurSi myofi yovladwmida RvTismSoblis, qalwuli 

mariamis xatsa da saswaulebze, romlebic man sxvadasxva 

Jams moimoqmeda~. es teqsti bolo periodamde 

ucnobi iyo qarTveli specialistebisTvis da 1987 wels 

rusul TargmanTan da vrcel gamokvlevasTan erTad 

gamosca somexma mecnierma r. bartikianma (bartikiani 

1987: 37-118). 

`Txrobis~ avtori – `konstantinopolis uwmindesi 

eklesiis didi ritori~, cnobili mwerali manuel korinTelia 

(1460-1550), romelmac bizantiis dacemis (1453 

w.) Semdeg pirvelma moipova `ritorTa ritoris~ sapatio 

tituli (bartikiani 1987: 38). panegirikis damkveTia 

konstantinopolis patriarqi ioakime I, romelmac 1500- 

1501 wlebSi saxsrebis mozidvis mizniT (“sakalmasod~) 

75 

imogzaura samcxe-saaTabagoSi. igi saqarTveloSi `sul- 

Tnis nebarTviT da sinodis gadawyvetilebiT~ imyofeboda 

da qarTvelma mTavrebma uxvad daasaCuqres, ris 

Semdegac `didi simdidriT dabrunda~ konstantinopolSi 

(bartikiani 1987: 42-44). niSandoblivia, rom 

TxzulebaSi manueli mogviTxrobs aTabagebis mier 

gacemul uxv Sewirulobebze: `vis ZaluZs mogviTxros 

mis [e. i. mzeWabuk aTabagis] xelgaSlilobaze... mis 

uzomo saTnoebaze... gansakuTrebiT bevri Seswira man 

wminda taZrebs, maT Soris, mTawmindis, sinis mTis 

monastrebs... ivane mzeWabukma SewirulobebiT ganamSvena 

wminda patriarqiebi~. vfiqrobT, cxadia, rom `Txrobis~ 

daweris erT-erTi mTavari mizezi ioakime patriarqis 

mier aTabagebis saxlisadmi madlierebis gamoxatvis 

survili unda gamxdariyo (bartikiani 1987: 45). 

ioakime I konstantinopolis saydarze ijda 1498-1502 

da 1504 wlebSi. panegirikis daweris dros qaixosro 

aTabagi (1598-1500) ukve gardacvlilia, xolo mzeWabuk 

aTabagi (1500-1516) – cocxali, amitom `Txroba manuelisa~ 

1501-1504 wlebiT SeiZleba daTariRdes 64 . 

mesxur gadmocemaSi xorcSesxmuli ideebis popularizacia, 

konstantinopolis sapatriarqoSi gavrceleba 

da saerTaSoriso rezonansi aTabagebis interesebSi 

Sedioda, amitom sruliad logikuri Cans varaudi, 

romlis mixedviTac, `manuelis Txrobas~ safuZvlad 

unda dasdeboda awyuruli matianis berZnuli Targmani, 

sagangebod momzadebuli mzeWabuk aTabagis dakveTiT 

da Sesrulebuli trapizoneli berZenis simeonis mier, 

romelsac imxanad awyuris episkoposis saydari ekava 

(bartikiani 1987: 46, 55). 

manuel ritoris teqsti naTel warmodgenas gviqm- 

` 

64 r. bartikiani `Txrobis~ saTaurSi dasaxelebuli manuel ritoris 

avtorobas eWvis TvaliT uyurebs da teqstis avtorad konstantinopolis 

patriarq ioakime I-s miiCnevs (bartikiani 1987: 40-41). 

76

nis mesxuri gadmocemis arqetipze, amitom `Txrobis~ 

CvenTvis saintereso nawili sruli saxiT mogvyavs. 

amave mizniT, Txzulebis TiToeuli monakveTis qarTul 

Targmans Tan vurTavT paralelur teqsts àxali 

qarTlis cxovrebidan~. 

qarTul da berZnul versiebs Soris msgavseba 

TvalSisacemia. orive teqstSi mTeli yuradReba andria 

mociqulis misionerul moRvaweobazea gadatanili da 

mociqulTagan mxolod igi ixsenieba, riTac mesxuri 

gadmocema imTaviTve gansxvavdeba àndria mociqulis 

mimoslvisa~ da misi qarTuli redaqciebisagan, romel- 

Ta mixedviTac wm. andriam saqarTveloSi iqadaga simon 

kananelTan, mataTasTan da `sxva mociqulebTan~ erTad 

(qca I: 42-43). 

rogorc qvemoT davinaxavT, am or versiaSi erTmaneTis 

msgavsia epizodebis Sinaarsi da Tanmimdevrobac: 

I. mesxuri gadmocemis berZnuli versiis SesavalSi 

bevri ritorikuli CanarTia, rac `manuelis Txrobis~ 

specifikidan gamomdinare, niSandobliv faqtad unda 

CaiTvalos: 

`...mas Semdeg, rac ufali mociqulebisa da yovladwmida RvTismSoblis 

TandaswrebiT amaRlda zecad65 , mociqulebi, rogorc wm. 

luka wers, `didi sixaruliT dabrundnen ierusalimSi da sulmudam 

taZarSi iyvnen, RvTis madidebelni da makurTxevelni~ (luka 24.52-53), 

da, RvTis aRTqmis Tanaxmad, RvTis Zalas elodebodnen. marTlac, 

ormocdameaTe dRes, mas Semdeg, rac suli wmida xmauriT moevlina 

maT, cecxlis gayofili enebis saxiT, TiTqos Zlierma qarma dahberao 

(saqme 2.2-3), isini aRivsnen saRvTo SemecnebiTa da sibrZniT, 

gamouTqmeli ZaliTa da saswaulmoqmedebebis niWiT. ase gaZli- 

` 

65 `mimoslvis~ sxvadasxva redaqciaSi, maT Soris, mesxuri 

gadmocemis berZnul versiaSic, mociqulTa wilisyras win uswrebs 

qristes amaRleba da sulTmofenoba. mesxuri gadmocemis qarTul 

versiaSi ki wilisyraze uSualod macxovris amaRlebis Semdegaa 

saubari: `Semdgomad amaRlebisa uflisa, raJams wil-igdes mociqul- 

Ta~ (qca I: 39). 

77 

erdnen mociqulebi suli wmidis saRvTo madliT da sityvis saidumloebebs 

naziarebni sauflo saqmis aRsrulebisTvis wasasvlelad 

emzadebodnen da wilisyriT iyofdnen qveynierebis mxareebs. isini 

sixaruliT iRebdnen RvTisgan wilxvdomil qveynis nawilebs da Cveni 

uflis ieso qristes yovladwmida dedasTan, Cvens dedofal 

RvTismSobelTan midiodnen, romelic ierusalimSi imyofeboda, sayvareli 

mowafis, ioane maxareblis saxlSi. is (ioane) mudmivad 

emsaxureboda RvTismSobels, gulisxmierebiTa da RvTismoSiSebiT 

exmareboda mas, ZesTan, ufalTan, gansvlamde. yvela mociquli midioda 

RvTismSobelTan, Tayvans scemda, didi SiSiTa da ZrwoliT 

qeds ixrida mis winaSe da cremlebiT meoxebas evedreboda. ase iRebdnen 

isini misi vedrebisa da locvebis zeciur da uZlevel Zalas 

da didi sixaruliT iwyebdnen qadagebas. 

amgvaradve moiqca wmida da pirvelwodebuli mociquli andria. 

is mivida luka maxarebelTan, samocdaaTTagan erT-erT mociqulTan, 

romelic maSin ierusalimSi imyofeboda, da mxurvaled evedra mas, 

raTa ficarze aRebeWda yovladwmida RvTismSoblis xati, romelic 

qadagebis gzaze misi uZleveli saWurveli unda gamxdariyo. xatis 

gasrulebis Semdeg mociquli yovladwmida RvTismSobelTan mivida, 

mis ferxTiT daemxo, Tayvani sca da acremlebulma kurTxeva da 

locva sTxova, [ris Semdegac] Tavi odnav wamoswia, ficarze 

aRbeWdili misi wminda xati aCvena da uTxra: `Cemo dedofalo! es 

xati gzad mimyavs, rogorc uZleveli mfarveli~. man ki xats Sexeda, 

sulieri mxiarulebiT gaiRima da uTxra: `Cem mier naSobi RvTis 

sityva iyos SenTan. amieridan mec Tanamogzauri geqmnebi Sen 

sarwmunoebis qadagebaSi~. roca RvTismSobelma sityva daasrula, 

mociqulma kvlav Tayvani sca mas, cremliT madloba Seswira da 

gaxarebuli gareT gavida66 . man WeSmariti sityvis qadagebiT movlo 

SuamdinareTi, damasko, kesaria da kapadokia, ikonia da pamfiliis 

` 

66 es pasaJi sityva-sityviT meordeba àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~: 

`misca igi mociqulsa andrias da hrqua: `madli da Sewevna Cemgan 

Sobilisa uflisa TanaSemwe geyavn Sen, sadaca xÂdode, da meca 

TanaSemwe var qadagebasa magas, da didad Sevewio monawilesa mas 

Cemda xuedrebulsa~. maSin davarda mociquli queyanad, da madli 

Seswira cremliTa yovladwmidasa, da gamovida mier sixaruliT~. 

78

ankviria, xolo neokesariis gavliT miadga qveyanas, romelsac 

iveria ewodeba. 

SeuZlebelia yovladwmida RvTismSoblis mier ganvlil da 

ganaTlebul adgilebSi misi wmida xatis madliT aRsrulebuli saswaulebis 

zedmiwevniT aRwera, amitom Cven mravalTagan mxolod iveriaSi 

aRsrulebul saswaulebze SevCerdebiT, SevecdebiT isini 

warmogidginoT zogadad, xolo danarCens gamovtovebT, radgan 

maTze bevria sasaubro, Cven ki mravalsityvaobas veridebiT~. 

damowmebul nawilSi Tavs iCens berZnul da qar- 

Tul versiebs Soris arsebuli ramdenime mniSvnelovani 

gansxvaveba: 

1) berZnul versias qarTulisagan ganasxvavebs mociqulTa 

wilisyris epizodi: `Txrobis~ mixedviT, yovladwmida 

RvTismSobels mociqulTa wilisyraSi monawileoba 

ar miuRia (Tumca qarTuli versiis msgavsad, 

aqac wm. andria saqarTveloSi RvTismSoblis locvakurTxeviT 

modis); 

2) `Txroba~ ar icnobs awyuris xatis xelTuqmnelobis 

ideas da gvauwyebs, rom es xati dawera luka 

maxarebelma, romelic qristianul tradiciaSi pirvel 

xatmweradaa miCneuli67 : 

àndria... mivida luka maxarebelTan, samocdaaTTagan 

erT-erT mociqulTan, romelic maSin ierusalimSi imyofeboda, 

da mxurvaled evedra mas, raTa ficarze aRebeWda 

yovladwmida RvTismSoblis xati~. 

àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ mixedviT ki, awyuris 

xati xelTuqmnelia da ficarze aRibeWda RvTismSoblis 

pirisaxidan68 , macxovris xelTuqmneli xatis – 

` 

67 `luka maxarebeli mxatvari iyo madliTa qristesiTa da gamosaxa 

ÃeliTa TÂsiTa xati macxovrisaÁ da wmidisa RmrTismSobelisaÁ~ 

(sjuliskanoni 1972: 66). 

68 berZnuli versiis avtori awyuris xats luka maxareblis 

dawerilad miiCnevs, didaWaraSi gamosaxul asls ki – xelTuqmnelad. 

amitom ar aris gasakviri, rom mesxuri gadmocemis gviandel 

(qarTul) redaqciaSi gaCnda awyuris xatis xelTuqmnelobis 

(RvTismSoblis `pirsa zeda dadebiT~ gamosaxvis) Tema. 

79 

mandilionis msgavsad, romelic gamoisaxa macxovris 

`pirsa zeda~ tilos dadebiT. niSandoblivia, rom qar- 

Tuli versia TiTqmis sityvasityviT misdevs mandilionis 

gamosaxvis epizods àvgarozis epistolidan~: 

`maSin yovladwmidaman moiTxova ficari, daibana piri 

da daidva pirsa zeda TÂssa. da gamoisaxa xati eseviTari, 

romel wiaRTa TÂsTa etÂrTa ganÃorcielebuli CCÂli, 

yovlad saxieri sityua RmrTisa~ (qca I: 39); 

Sdr.: `xolo ufalman moiRo wyali ÃeliTa da daibana 

piri da daidva tiloÁ pirsa zeda TÂssa. da meyseulad gamoisaxa 

xati pirisa misisaÁ mas zeda~ (avgarozi 2007: 140). 

3) manuel ritoris Txzulebis SesavalSi mocemulia 

wm. andria mociqulis wilxvdomil qveyanaTa CamonaTvali 

da mis mier ierusalimidan saqarTvelomde 

ganvlili misioneruli gza (SuamdinareTi, damasko, 

kesaria, kapadokia, ikonia, pamfiliis ankviria da neokesaria). 

savaraudod, analogiuri suraTi unda gvqonoda 

`Txrobis~ qarTul arqetipSic, magram àxal qarTlis 

cxovrebaSi~ Setanil qarTul versias amgvari Sesavali 

nawili mokvecili aqvs da mis magivrobas asrulebs 

`mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciis (wm. andrias 

pirveli misioneruli mogzaurobis) fragmenti, romelic 

teqsts àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ gviandelma 

redaqtorebma waumZRvares. 

berZnuli da qarTuli versiebis momdevno epizodebis 

Sedareba amgvar suraTs iZleva: 

II. aWaraSi (didaWaraSi) qadagebis epizodi àxal 

qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ ufro vrcelia, Tumca `Txroba- 

Si~ TiTqmis ucvlelad meordeba qarTuli versiis ZiriTadi 

realiebi, rogoricaa: andria mociqulis aWaraSi 

mosvla, warmarTi mosaxleobis ugunureba, xatis 

dasvenebiT makurnebeli wyaros aRmodineba, masSi xalxis 

monaTlva, eklesiis mSenebloba, awyuris xatis 

aslis Seqmna da eklesiaSi dasveneba 

80

Txroba manuelisa axali qarTlis cxovreba 

pirvelsave sityvasa movideT. 

mociqulma icoda, rom iveriis 

tomi Zalian uxeSi da sisxlis 

moyvaruli iyo, kerpTmsaxurebis 

crurwmenas, pirvel rigSi, 

cecxlTayvaniscemas misdevda 

da gaemgzavra am mxareebSi, 

mivida im adgilamde, romelsac 

aWara (Άτζαρα) ewodeboda. aq 

mociqulma adgilobrivi ugunuri 

xalxisgan mravali gansacdeli 

daiTmina, magram saswaulebis 

aRsrulebiTa da ZaliT, 

agreTve, RvTismSoblis xatis 

madliT, es uxeSi Temi keTilgonieri 

da Tvinieri gaxda. 

rameTu miwaze xatis mxolod 

erTxel dasvenebiT aRmocenda 

friad mSvenieri wyaro, romelic 

dResac moedineba, masSi 

naTlavda [xalxs] da hkurnavda 

avadmyofebs, 

81 

movida ... andria qalaqad trapizonad, 

romel ars sofeli megrelTa, 

sada-igi dahyo Jami 

mciredi, da ixila ugunureba 

pirutyuebrivi mkÂdrTa Soris 

mis qalaqisaTa, ganvida mier da 

Sevida queyanasa qarTlisasa, 

romelsa did-aWara ewodebis, 

da iwyo qadagebad saxarebisa. 

rameTu kacni pirutyuTa uugunures 

iyvnes da ara icnobdes 

Semoqmedsa RmerTsa, da yovelsa 

saZagelsa da arawmidasa 

wessa aRasrulebdes, romeli 

saTqmeladaca ujero ars. da 

mravalni Wirni da gansacdelni 

daiTminna urwmunoTagan, da SewevniTa 

RmrTisaTa da wmidisa 

mis xatisaTa yovelnive madlobiT 

moiTminna, vidremdis yovelnive 

moaqcivna da moiyvanna 

sarwmunoebad. 

rameTu adgilsa, romelsa daasvena 

xati yovladwmidisa 

RmrTismSoblisa, aRmoecena wyaro 

friad Suenieri da didi, 

romeli-igi vidre dResca dauwyuedelad 

aRmosdis. da Semokrbes 

yovelnive yovliT-kerZo 

mkÂdrni mis queyanisani, da 

naTel-sca yovelTa saxeliTa 

mamisaTa, da ZisaTa, da sulisa 

wmidisaTa, 

da daadginna mRudelni da diakonni, 

da daudva wesi da saz- 

maTTvis aaSena eklesia 

da wasvla daapira. magram 

xalxs ar surda misi gaSveba 

da mxurvaled evedrebodnen 

mas, raTa darCeniliyo, xolo 

Tu es SeuZlebeli iyo, wasuliyo, 

RvTismSoblis xati ki 

daetovebina. 

mociqulma daamzada xatis zomis 

ficari da daado mas 

RvTismSoblis gamosaxuleba, 

romelic ficarze meyseulad 

aRibeWda. maT Seiwynares xati, 

rogorc maTTan arsebuli 

RvTis qmnileba da sixaruliT 

gaaciles mociquli. 

82 

Ruari sarwmunoebisa. da aRaSenes 

ekklesia Suenieri saxelsa 

zeda yovladwmidisa RvTismSoblisasa. 

da viTarca eneba wmidasa mociqulsa 

mier warslva, evedrebodes 

da ara utevebdes warslvad, 

aramed etyodes: ùkeTu 

Sen warxval, xati ege yovladwmidisa 

RvTismSoblisa aqa dagÂsvene, 

sasod da mcvelad 

Cuenda~. 

xolo wmidaman mociqulman 

andria Seqmna ficari msgavsi 

zomisa da dasdva xatsa mas 

zeda. da meyuseulad gamoisaxa 

saxe ucvalebeli xatisa mis da 

misca igi maT. xolo maT sixaruliT 

Seiwynares da daisvenes 

ekklesiasa Sina TÂssa pativiT, 

romeli-igi vidre dRes-aqamomde 

hgies. xolo wmidasa mociqulsa 

misces mSÂdoba da mowled moikiTxes, 

amborsuyves da warmogzavnes 

(qca I: 39). 

paralelur teqstSi kargad Cans, rom qarTuli 

versiis didaWaras berZnul versiaSi aWara (Άτζαρα) 

cvlis. es faqti nawilobriv amarTlebs d. musxeliSvilis 

mier gamoTqmul mosazrebas, romlis mixedviTac, 

`didaWaraSi~ aq mTlianad aWariswylis xeoba 

unda vigulisxmoT (musxeliSvili 1977: 91) 69 . magram mocemul 

SemTxvevaSi amosavlad mainc qarTuli versiis 

` 

69 t. futkaraZis varaudiT, soflis saxelwodeba `didaWara~ (< didi 

aWara) mematianis Semoqmedebaa (futkaraZe 2008: 84-85).

monacemi unda CaiTvalos, miT ufro, rom didaWara – 

dRevandeli xulos raionis sofeli – isedac aWariswylis 

xeobaSi mdebareobs da berZnul versiaSic konkretul 

dasaxlebazea saubari, sadac wm. andriam eklesia 

aaSena da masSi RvTismSoblis xatis asli daasvena. 

didaWaris eklesiis mSeneblobis ambebs qarTuli 

versia vrclad aRwers: `daadginna mRudelni da diakonni, 

da daudva wesi da sazRuari sarwmunoebisa da 

aRaSenes ekklesia Suenieri saxelsa zeda yovladwmidisa 

RvTismSoblisasa~ (Sdr., `Txroba~: `maTTvis aaSena 

eklesia~). analogiuri epizodi gvaqvs àndria mociqulis 

mimoslvaSic~, romlis gavlenasac qarTveli 

avtori uTuod ganicdis – Sdr.: wm. andriam amisoSi 

àRaSena eklesiaÁ safasiTa da TanaSewevniTa axalwodebulTa 

maT morwmuneTaÁTa da ahmarTa sakurTxeveli 

da akurTxna mRdelni da diakonni... xolo eklesiaÁ igi 

saxelsa zeda wmidisa RmrTismSobelisasa aRaSena, 

romeli-igi dResamomde sacnaur ars yovelTa mier~ 

(mimosvla 2008: 174). 

III. mesxuri gadmocemis momdevno epizodia samZivris 

mkvdari Zis gacocxlebis saswauli: 


83 

xolo igi warmoemarTa da 

gardamovlo mTa, romelsa ewodebis 

rkinis-juari, da Tqmul 

ars, viTarmed juari igi TÂT 

netarisa andrias mier aRmar- 

Tebul ars. xolo viTarca STavlo 

xevi oZraxisa da movida 

sazRuarTa samcxisaTa, daivana 

sofelsa, romelsa ewodebis 

zaden-gora. mixedna mociqulman 

da ixilna kacni mis adgili- 

man ki gza ganagrZo da qadagebda 

WeSmarit sityvas, miiwia 

qalaqad, romelsac awyuri 

(Άςγοριον) ewodeba. 

iq cxovrobda didgvarovani 

qvrivi saxelad samZivari (Σαμφυάρα). 

misi Ze xangrZlivi avadmyofobisgan 

dauZlurebuliyo 

da gardacvliliyo, ris gamoc 

didi glova iyo. 

mociquli am qalaqSi (πολιτεία) 

qadagebda WeSmarit sityvas, 

xelis dadebiT kurnavda morw- 

muneebsa da axladmoqceulebs, 

sulier madls uZRvnida maT, 

urwmunoebs ki tovebda maTi 

avadmyofobisagan mosakvdineb- 

lad. 

wminda mociqulis ambavi samZivars 

Seatyobines. 

84 

sani rameTu uzorvides kerpTa 

yruTa, da iloca mociqulman 

wmidisa mis xatisa mimarT. da 

yovelni igi kerpni daemxunes 

da Seimusrnes. xolo wmida 

mociquli warmoemarTa da moiwia 

awyvers, romelsa pirvelad 

ewodeboda sosangeTi, da pirispir 

saqrisi. da daivana adgilsa 

erTsa, sada igi iyo ta- 

Zari sakerpo, romelsa aw Zvel- 

ekklesia ewodebis, da mas Sina 

imsaxurebodes kerpni maTni. xolo 

mTavrobda maSin dedakaci 

vinme qurivi samZivari, romelsa 

erTi oden Ze esva da yoveli 

sasoeba misi missa mimarT 

moZravobda, da mas oden Jamsa 

momkudar iyo. da iyo vaeba 

tirilisa da SfoTi friad 

mravali. 

da Ramesa mas ixiles cixiTgan 

naTeli didi, sada esvena xati 

yovlad wmidisa, gankÂrdes 

friad vinaobasa maTsa. da ra 

ganTenda, mswrafl warmogzavnnes 

kacni, raTamca ixilon 

Tu vin arian, anu raÁ ars. da 

viTarca ixiles kacTa maT wmida 

mociquli da xati yovladwmidisa, 

mswrafl warvides da auwyes 

qurivsa mas dedakacsa, 

viTarmed: ùcxoni vinme kacni 

arian, da ucxosa RmerTsa qadageben 

Semoqmedad da dambadebelad, 

da sicocxlesa kacTasa

man umalve moiwvia mociquli 

da sTxova: `saidan moxvedi, ra 

gqvia, ras irjebi da ra mizniT 

gvewvie Cven, ucxo xalxs, 

romlebsac gvwams mravali ukvdavi 

RmerTi – kronosi, zevsi, 

aresi, heliosi, afrodite, hermesi, 

hekate da sxva miwisqve- 

Selni?~. 

man upasuxa, rom ierusalimidan 

Camovida, rom warmoSobiT iu- 

deidan iyo, rwmeniT – qris- 

tiani, msaxuri, mowafe da 

mociquli RvTis Ze ieso qristesi, 

romelic erTi SexebiT 

aRadgenda mkvdrebs, rom is 

sxva arafers ganagebda, garda 

imisa, rom Cveni uflis, ieso 

qristes saxelis mowodebiT, 

misi madliT kurnavda maT 

sulier da xorciel avadmyofobebs, 

vinc mTeli arsebiT 

sTxovda mas da inaTleboda 

saxeliTa mamisaTa da ZisaTa da 

85 

momniWebelad, da mkudarTa aRmadginebelad, 

da hyavs maT xati 

Suenieri da mas pativs-scemen~. 

viTarca esma sityua ese mkudarTa 

aRdomisa dedakacsa mas, 

gankÂrda da mcired rame nuge- 

Siniseca gulsa missa, 

waravlinna monani TÂsni mowodebad 

mociqulisa, romeli vi- 

Tarca mivida. hrqua dedakacman, 

viTarmed: `vin xarT. anu sada 

moxvalT, anu raÁ ars ucxo ege 

moZRureba Tqueni, romelsa ityÂT, 

rameTu arasada smenil ars 

egeviTari Txroba~. 

miugo wmidaman mociqulman da 

hrqua: `moval wmidiT qalaqiT 

ierusalemiT, sada dasdges 

ferÃni uflisani, golgoTas da 

beTlems, caTa mobaZavTa, da mo- 

na var da 

mociquli uflisa Cuenisa ieso 

qristesi, romeli wamis-yofiT 

aRadgens mkudarTa, da mas 

vhqadageb RmerTad da uflad 

da mpyrobelad yovelTa dabadebulTa. 

da romelsa hrwmenes 

igi da naTels-iRos saxeliTa 

mamisaTa, da ZisaTa, da sulisa 

wmidisaTa, yoveli raodeni 

iTxovos sarwmunoebiT miecemis, 

da yovelTa senTagan ganikur- 

sulisa wmidisaTa. 

samZivarma, rogorc ki gaigona 

es sityvebi, uTxra: `radgan Sen 

xar mkvdreTiT aRmdgeneli ieso 

qristes msaxuri, Semiwyale 

me, romelic Cems Svilze vamyareb 

imeds, da aRadgine igi~. 

mociqulma upasuxa: `yvelaferi 

SesaZlebelia misTvis, vinc 

qristes saxeli irwmuna~. 

is, acremlebuli, rogorc 

odesme iairosi (luka 8.41), 

aqviTinda: 

`mwams. ufalo, Semewie me, urwmunoebaSi 

myofs~. 

maSin wminda mociqulma micvalebulze 

yovladwmida RvTismSoblis 

xati daasvena, Tvalebi 

zecad aRapyro da iloca. 

86 

nebis~. 

xolo viTarca esma ese dedakacsa, 

davarda queyanad da 

hrqua cremliT mociqulsa: `Seiwyale 

siqurive ese Cemi da 

ubadrukeba; vinaTgan mona xar 

mkudarTa aRmadginebelisa, iloce 

RmerTisa Senisa mimarT, da 

mianiWe Svilsa amas Cemsa sicocxle, 

da yoveli raodeni mi- 

brZano, gismino, da ara urC ge- 

qmne. ukeTu Ze Cemi aRdgomili 

vixilo. rameTu ese mxolo 

mivis da sxua ara~. 

xolo wmidaman mociqulman miugo 

da hrqua: ùkeTu grwmenin 

ieso qriste, Ze RmerTisa, WeSmariti 

RmerTi, romeli iqadagebis 

Cuen mier, raodenica-ra 

iTxovo sarwmunoebiT, yovelive 

mogecemis mis mier~. 

xolo dedakacsa mas viTarca 

esma ese, aRivso sixaruliTa, 

da cremliT hrqua mociqulsa 

mas: `Ä, monao WeSmaritisa RvTisao, 

WeSmaritad mrwams da 

aRviareb ieso qristesa, romelsa 

Sen qadageb, aramed Seewie 

urwmunoebasa Cemsa~. 

xolo mociqulman gamoasxa 

yoveli igi eri da mgosnebi, da 

aravin uteva mun, garna qurivi 

igi da mcireni sakuTarni misni, 

da miiqua ÃelTa xati yovladwmidisa 

RvTismSobelisa, da 

daasvena cxedarsa mas zeda, sada 

idva yrma igi. da iwyo

ase didi dro dahyo. roca is 

idga da loculobda, micvalebuli 

gacocxlda da wamojda. 

yvela gaakvirva am uCveulo 

sanaxaobam. 

samZivari, aRdgenilis deda, ma- 

Sinve mociqulis ferxTiT daemxo 

da gaxarebulma cremliT 

Tayvani sca, madloba Seswira 

yovelTa RmerTs, ieso qristes, 

macxovars. mTeli guliT irwmuna 

da iqve moinaTla Svil- 

Tan erTad. maTTan erTad 

moinaTla mTeli qalaqis mosaxleobac. 

87 

locvad da vedrebad RvTisa 

mimarT Ãel-aRpyrobiT. da Semdgomad 

locvisa upyra Ãeli 

yrmasa mas da, viTarca Zilisagan, 

egreT aRadgina igi da 

misca dedasa missa. da viTarca 

ixiles yovelTa ucxo ese 

saswauli, gankÂrdes friad da 

Tqmad rasame uRono iyvnes. 

xolo dedakacman viTarca ixila 

Ze TÂsi gancocxlebuli, sixaruliT 

aRsdga da davarda 

ferÃTa Tana mociqulisaTa, 

cremliT Tayvanis-sca da madli 

Seswira, da hrwmena ufali 

ieso qriste, da naTels-iRo 

dedakacman ZiTurT da yovliT 

saxleuliT TÂsiT~ (qca I: 39-40). 

samZivris Zis gacocxlebis saswaulSi manuel 

ritori bibliur analogs uTiTebs (luka 9.40-56) 70 . 

`Txrobisa~ da àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ Sesabamisi 

pasaJebis sityvasityviTi msgavseba ki miuTiTebs orive 

teqstis erTi arqetipisgan momdinareobas. sakiTxis 

arss ar cvlis is garemoeba, rom qarTuli versia berZnul 

teqstTan SedarebiT amjeradac ufro vrcelia. 

dasawyisSi igi Seicavs toponimur wvrilmanebs (`xolo 

igi warmoemarTa da gardamovlo mTa, romelsa ewodebis 

rkinis-juari, da Tqmul ars, viTarmed juari igi 

TÂT netarisa andrias mier aRmarTebul ars. xolo 

viTarca STavlo xevi oZraxisa da movida sazRuarTa 

` 

70 samZivris vaJis istoria bevri ramiT gvagonebs agreTve macxovris 

mier naineli qvrivis vaJis gacocxlebis saswauls (luka 7.11-17), 

rogorc amas e. vardoSvili da m. qurdiani aRniSnaven (vardoSvili... 

2009: 109-112). 

samcxisaTa, daivana sofelsa, romelsa ewodebis zadengora~), 

rac berZen avtors, bunebrivia, naklebad 

ainteresebda, magram mniSvnelovani iyo qarTveli 

(awyureli) avtorisTvis. 

berZnuli versia arafers gvauwyebs wm. andrias 

mier rkinis jvris aRmarTvaze. niSandoblivia isic, 

rom qarTul versia am ambis wyarod folklors, zepir 

tradicias asaxelebs (`Tqmul ars~, e. i. naTqvamia – am 

sityvebiT avtori pirdapir migvaniSnebs, rom zepir 

gadmocemas emyareba da ara werilobiTs): 

`xolo igi warmoemarTa da gardamovlo mTa, romelsa 

ewodebis rkinis juari, da Tqmul ars, viTarmed juari igi 

TÂT netarisa andrias mier aRmarTebul ars~ (gv. 39) 71 . 

Tavis mxriv, `Txroba manuelisa~ Seicavs awyuris 

mkvidrTa warmarTuli panTeonis ufro vrcel daxasiaTebas, 

romelic apolonisa da artemidas garda moicavs 

iseT berZnul RvTaebebsac, rogoricaa: `kronosi, 

zevsi, aresi, heliosi, afrodite, hermesi, hekate da 

sxva miwisqveSelni~. Tumca manuel ritori sruliad 

safuZvlianad miuTiTebs, rom warmarTi qarTvelebi 

`pirvel rigSi, cecxlTayvaniscemas misdevdnen~. 

IV. mesxuri gadmocemis berZnul da qarTul versiebSi 

saerToa kerpTa Semusvris epizodis ZiriTadi 

momentebic, zogierTi pasaJi ki sityvasityviT emTxveva 

erTmaneTs: 


iqve iyo apolonisa da artemidas 

sakerpo bomoni, rom- 

88 

xolo iyo qalaqsa mas Sina 

bomoni sakerpo, romelsa Sina 

` 

71 saqarTveloSi ori rkinis jvaria – zekarisa da xaragaulis. amave 

toponims mcireodeni saxecvlilebiT ([r]kinis jvari) vxvdebiT Sav- 

SeTSi (dRevandeli TurqeTi) (bubulaSvili 2008: 16). Tumca, mkvlevarTa 

umravlesobis azriT, mesxur gadmocemaSi zekaris jvari unda 

igulisxmebodes, radgan is awyurTan yvelaze axlos mdebareobs.

lis qurumebic araerTxel Seecilnen 

mociquls da mis winaaRmdeg 

xalxs amxedrebdnen. 

mociqulma mimarTa maT: `gsurT 

darwmundeT Cem mier qadagebuli 

RvTis ZlierebaSi da Tqveni 

cruRmerTebis uZlurebaSi? 

gaaReT am taZris karebi da 

Tqvens kerpebTan, ese igi Tqvens 

RmerTebTan, davasveneb RvTismSoblis 

xats. Semdeg mWidrod 

davketoT karebi 

da xval rom gavaRebT, vixilavT 

rac moxdeba~. 

es winadadeba yvelam miiRo. 

89 

imsaxurebodes bilwni RmerTni 

maTni, artemi da apolon. da 

viTarca ixiles saqme ese 

mRudelTa maT sicruvisaTa, 

aRivsnes SuriTa da iwyes cilobad 

da winaaRmdgomad mociqulisa, 

egreTve eri igi romelnime 

ityodes: `jer ars 

Tayvaniscemad romelman esevi- 

Tari saswauli aRasrula~... 

da hrqua (mociqulma): 

`ganaReT kari sakerpoÁsa magis 

taZrisa, da SevasvenoT Cuen 

xati ese Sua kerZo kerpTa 

TquenTa da davbeWdoT zogad 

orTave karsa zeda, da mcvelni 

daadgineniT, da iloceT Tquen 

Ramesa amas RmerTTa mimarT 

TquenTa. xolo Cuen vilocoT 

ieso qristes WeSmaritisa RvTisa 

Cuenisa mimarT, 

da vixiloT Cuen ganTiad: uke- 

Tu sZlos RmerTman Tquenman, 

misi jer iyos Tayvaniscema; xolo 

ukeTu sZlos RmerTman Cuenman, 

mas Tayvanis-vceT yovelTa~. 

da daaskunes ese esreT. Seasvenes 

xati yovladwmidisa RvTismSoblisa 

Sua kerpTa maTTa da 

dabeWdes karsa zeda, da mcvelni 

daadginnes da iwyes locvad 

mRudelTa maT sicruvisaTa.da 

wmidaman iloca qristes mimarT 

WeSmaritisa RvTisa Cuenisa. 

meore dRes, roca taZris karebi 

gaaRes, RvTismSoblis xati, 

uvnebeli da mTeli, brwyinavda, 

rogorc mzis naTeli, kerpebi 

ki Semusruliyo da maTi namsxvrevebi 

miwaze eyara. 

myisve yvelam erTxmad daiZaxa: 

`didia RmerTi qristianTa~. 

maT maSinve gamoyares taZridan 

kerpebis namsxvrevebi da (bomo- 

ni) RvTis eklesiad gadaakeTes, 

sadac adidebdnen yovelTa 

RmerTs, ieso qristes. unda ge- 

naxaT xalxis didi da aRuwe- 

reli sixaruli imis gamo, rom 

samZivaris Ze mkvdreTiT aRdga, 

maT ki kerpTayvanismcemloba da 

cecxlTayvanismcemloba ukuag- 

des da namdvili RmerTi iwames, 

romelic mkvdrebs erTi Sexe- 

biT aniWebda sicocxles. 

90 

da viTarca ganTena da ganaRes 

kari sakerposa, ixilnes yovelni 

kerpni maTni queyanad daTxeulni 

da saxed mtuerisa Semusrvilni. 

xolo xati yovladwmidisa 

RvTismSoblisa brwyinvida, 

viTarca mze, didebiTa da 

pativiTa. 

maSin mRudelni igi kerpTani 

aRivsnes sircxÂliTa, da umecrebisa 

maTisaTÂs Sendobasa 

iTxovdes mociqulisagan. da 

yovelman 

erman madlobisa xma aRmouteves 

da Tques, viTarmed: `did 

ars RmerTi qristeaneTa, 

romelsa mociquli andria qadagebs~. 

da hrwmena yovelTa 

ufali Cueni ieso qriste da 

sixaruliT naTelsiRes yovel- 

Ta saxeliTa mamisaTa, da Zisa- 

Ta, da sulisa wmidisaTa. da 

iqmna sixaruli didi mas dResa 

Sina yovlisa mis erisa, da 

adidebdes RmerTsa, romelman 

iÃsna igini xelTagan eSmakisaTa. 

sagulisxmoa, rom, wina epizodisgan gansxvavebiT, 

amjerad berZnul versiaSic mxolod artemidasa da 

apolonis kerpebzea saubari, rac erTxel kidev adasturebs 

mesxuri gadmocemis arqetipis arsebobas da 

misi zogierTi epizodis literaturul warmomavlobas. 

`mimoslvis~ mixedviT, apolonisa da artemidas kerpebs

wm. andria nikeaSi musravs (mimosvla 2008: 177, 179-180) 

da, rogorc samarTlianad aRniSnavs i. grigalaSvili, 

swored es literaturuli wyaro unda dasdeboda 

safuZvlad mesxur gadmocemas (grigalaSvili 2009a: 99). 

z. kiknaZis dakvirvebiT, kerpTa Semusrvis saswaulSi 

ikiTxeba uflis kidobnis arqetipuli qmedeba, roca 

man, filistimelTa kerpis, dagonis, taZarSi damwyvdeulma, 

dalewa kerpi (kiknaZe 2000: 259). 

V. episkoposis kurTxevisa da xatis awyurSi 

davanebis epizodi qarTul versiaSi berZnulze ufro 

vrcelia, Tumca maT Soris arsobrivi gansxvaveba ar 

SeiniSneba, Tu ar CavTvliT imas, rom qarTuli teqsti 

aq isev ubrundeba RvTismSoblis wilxvdomobisa da 

xatis xelTuqmnelobis Temebs. 

gansakuTrebuli aRniSvnis Rirsia is faqti, rom 

mesxuri gadmocemis berZnuli versia, qarTulis msgavsad, 

adasturebs andria mociqulis mier awyuris episkoposis 

xeldasxmas. 


amasTan erTad mociqulic Cqarobda 

qadagebis Semdgom gagr- 

Zelebas, magram samZivari da 

mTeli axladmoqceuli mosaxleoba 

evedrebodnen mas, cota 

xans kidev darCeniliyo maTTan, 

raTa misi sulissargebeli swavlebiT 

damtkbariyvnen. mociqulma 

RvTis sadideblad episkoposi, 

mRvdlebi da diakvnebi 

daudgina maT, ris Semdegac gza 

ganagrZo. 

91 

xolo wmida mociqulsa eneba 

kualad warslva sxuaTaca qalaqTa 

da sofelTa qadagebad 

saxareba qristesi. xolo dedakaci 

igi da zogad yoveli eri 

evedrebodes, raTa ara ganeSoros 

maTgan, aramed dRiTi-dRe 

aswavebdes wessa sjulisasa. da 

mociqulica erCda maT da Jam 

raodenme daadgra maT Tana, da 

aswava maT yoveli wesi sjulisa 

da sarwmunoebisa da daudginna 

episkoposi, mRudelni 

da diakonni, da kualad ganemzada 

qadagebad saxarebisa. 

samZivari Tavis ZesTan da rCeul 

xalxTan erTad mis ferxTiT 

daemxo da sTxovda 

RvTismSoblis wminda xatis 

datovebas, raTa is zemoT dasaxelebul 

taZarSi daesvenebinaT, 

maT mfarvelad da sulisa 

da xorcis makurTxeblad. mociqulma 

Seismina vedreba da xati 

dautova. 

manamde gaamzada kidev erTi ficari, 

imave sigrZis da siganis, 

masze xati daasvena, rogorc 

aWaraSi moiqca. xati isev saswaulebrivad 

aRibeWda ficarze. 

maT xatis dedani dautova, romelmac 

awyurSi daivana, dRemde 

imyofeba iq da morwmuneebi Tayvans 

scemen mas. 

xolo axali gamosaxuleba mociqulma 

Tan waiRo, yovladwmida 

RvTismSoblis am xatiT 

ganagrZo gza da yvelas uqadagebda 

macxovnebel swavlebas, 

ris Sedegadac mravalma irwmuna, 

naTel-iRo da RvTis 

nawili gaxda. isinic sTxovdnen 

mas xatis Cuqebas da mociquli 

dasTanxmda. rogorc zogierTi 

ambobs, xatis es asli Cvens 

dromde inaxeba Satberdis 

monasterSi. 

92 

da kualadca evedrnes qurivi 

igi dedakaci da sruliad mesxni, 

raTa ara ganeSoros maTgan. 

xolo wmidaman andria miugo 

da hrqua: `sxuaTaca qalaqTa da 

sofelTa jer ars Cemda qadagebad 

saxareba uflisa~. xolo 

maT hrques: ùkeTu warxval, 

xati ege yovladwmidisa 

aqa dagÂsvene sasod da mcvelad 

Cuenda~ miugo mociqulman 

da hrqua, viTarmed: `...yovladwmidasa 

RvTismSobelsa wilxuda 

queyana ese samcxisa, da 

mis mier warmogzavnili ars aqa 

xati igi sasod da mcvelad 

wilxdomilTaTÂs da jereTca 

egreT ars, raTa daesvenos aqa 

mkÂdrad ukunisamde JamTa~. 

...da daasvenes yovlad didebuli 

xati yovlad wmidisa awyveris 

RvTismSoblisa mciresa mas 

ekudersa, romelsa aw Zvel-ek- 

lesiad saxel-sdeben.

damowmebul epizodSi manuel ritori yvela im 

arguments imeorebs, romelic awyuris eparqiis `prioritetulobaze~ 

miuTiTebs. awyuris kaTedris samociqulo 

xasiaTTan erTad avtori xazs usvams awyuris 

RvTismSoblis xatis pirveladobasac, radgan swored 

is aris pirmSo xati da dedani: 

`maT xatis dedani dautova, romelmac awyurSi daivana, 

dRemde imyofeba iq da morwmuneebi Tayvans scemen mas~. 

manuel ritori am TvalsazrisiT saintereso siaxlesac 

gvTavazobs da aRniSnavs, rom wm. andriam 

Seqmna awyuris xatis meore aslic da igi Satberdis 

monasterSi (VIII s.) datova. qarTuli versia Satberdis 

xatze arafers gvauwyebs da mxolod didaWaris mkvidr- 

TaTvis gamosaxul aslze saubrobs. 

sagulisxmoa, rom berZnuli versiis avtori Satberdis 

xatis Sesaxeb arsebuli gadmocemis wyarod qar- 

Tul zepir gadmocemas asaxelebs (Sdr.: rkinis jvris 

aRmarTvis epizodi àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~): 

`rogorc zogierTi ambobs, xatis es asli Cvens 

dromde inaxeba Satberdis monasterSi (Σαπερτίον μονή)~. 

VI. berZnuli versiis daskvniTi nawili qarTulTan 

SedarebiT ufro srulia da Satberdis xatTan erTad 

masSi saubaria mociqulis mier awyuridan patramde 

ganvlil gzaze: 


`xolo mociquli miiwia adgilad, 

romelsac baTumi (Βαθύ) 

ewodeba, sadac aris navsadguri, 

iqidan wavida sebastopolisSi 

da qadagebiT ganvlo samegrelo, 

afxazeTi, savromatia, 

sugdea da guTeTi, gadascura 

93 

`xolo wmidaman mociqulman 

andria moikiTxna yovelni simdabliT 

da siyuaruliT, misca 

mSÂdoba da waremarTa sxuaTaca 

adgilTa qadagebad saxarebisa~. 

ponto da mopirdapire sanapiroze 

bizantionSi Cavida. aq 

episkoposad staqe daadgina, samocdaaT 

mociqulTagan erTerTi, 

da Trakiis herakliisken 

gaemarTa. iq man xeli daasxa 

epikopos apeless, imave samocdaaTTagan 

erT-erTs, ganvlo 

mTeli rumineTi da SeCerda 

peloponesSi, sadac, aqaiis patraSi, 

anTipatma egeatma sikvdiliT 

dasaja, jvarze, TaviT 

qvemoT. aseTia, mokled, moTxroba 

wminda mociqulze~. 

samarTlianad aRniSnavs r. bartikiani, rom berZnuli 

teqstis Βαθύ-Si baTumi igulisxmeba (bartikiani 

1987: 76). saxelwodeba Βαθύς berZnul literaturaSi 

pliniusisa da arianes droidan gvxvdeba da gadmogvcems 

adgilobriv toponims (baT-om-i). berZnebs es 

saxelwodeba gaazrebuli aqvT, rogorc berZnuli Βαθύς 

– `Rrma~. amgvar mniSvnelobas Seesabameba baTumis la- 

Tinuri saxelwodeba Portus altus (georgika II: 22). niSandoblivia, 

rom XV saukunis bizantieli istorikosi 

laonike xarkokondile, manuel ritoris msgavsad, 

baTums Βαθύ-d ixseniebs (georgika VIII: 91). 

amrigad, manuelis `Txrobis~ mixedviT, wm. andria 

awyuridan baTumSi Cavida: `miiwia adgilad, romelsac 

baTumi (Βαθύ) ewodeba, sadac aris navsadguri~ da 

iqidan sebastopolisSi, anu cxumSi gaemgzavra. 

wm. andrias qadagebis marSrutSi baTumi manuel 

ritorma CarTo. es niSandoblivicaa, radgan baTumis 

navsadgurma (`havanma~) saerTaSoriso funqcia manamde 

ramdenime saukuniT adre (XII s.) SeiZina, roca wina 

94

aziis saxmeleTo gzebze Turq-selCukebi gabatondnen 

da msoflio satranzito gzebma saqarTveloSi gadmoinacvla. 

àbreSumis gzis~ erTi Sto am dros ba- 

Tumze, aWarasa da samcxeze gadioda (beraZe 1981: 167) 72 . 

mesxuri gadmocemis qarTuli versiis mixedviTac, 

wm. andria mociquli am gzas mihyveba da samcxeSi 

(awyurSi) aWaridan (didaWaridan) gadadis. cxadia, ioakime 

konstantinopoleli patriarqis dros saxmeleTo 

gzis es monakveTi baTumis havanze gadioda da swored 

amgvari warmodgena aisaxa manuel ritoris TxzulebaSi. 

mociqulis Semdgomi gza (samegrelo, afxazeTi, 

savromatia, sugdea, guTeTi, pontos zRva, bizantioni, 

Trakiis heraklia, mTeli rumineTi, peloponesi da aqaiis 

patra) `mimoslvis~ gviandel versiebs imeorebs da 

wm. andrias mesame misioneruli mogzaurobis marSruts 

emTxveva. arsebobs safuZveli vifiqroT, rom analogiuri 

viTareba iqneboda qarTul versiaSic, magram, 

rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

avtorebma mociqulis didaWara-awyurSi qadagebis epizodi 

`mimoslvis~ teqstis sxva monakveTs daukavSires, 

kerZod, wm. andrias pirvel misionerul mogzaurobas. 

ase rom, XVI saukunis dasawyisSi mesxuri gadmocemis 

arqetipi literaturelad ukve gaformebulia da 

arsebobs misi berZnuli Targmanic, romelic safuZvlad 

daedo manuel ritoris Txzulebas. àxal qarTlis 

cxovrebaSi~ ki warmodgenilia aRniSnuli gadmocemis 

gadamuSavebuli da vrceli varianti. 

dakvirveba cxadyofs, rom gadmocemis qarTuli versia 

XVI saukuneSive gadaamuSaves da masSi Seitanes 

iseTi mniSvnelovani epizodebi, rogoricaa: RvTis- 

` 

72 àxali qarTlis cxovreba~ wm. andrias marSruts ase warmogvidgens: 

didaWara > rkinis jvris mTa > oZrxis xevi > sofeli zadengora 

> awyuri (qca I: 39). am gzas mkvlevrebi ufro akonkreteben 

(sixaruliZe 1991; mgelaZe... 1999: 129; berZeniSvili 2004: 80). 

95 

mSoblis monawileoba mociqulTa wilisyraSi, misdami 

saqarTvelos wilxvdoma da awyuris xatis xelTuqmnelad 

(deda RvTisas `pirsa zeda~ ficris dadebiT) 

gamosaxva. am epizodebs àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ 

gansakuTrebuli adgili eTmoba. 

mesxuri gadmocemis amgvari redaqciis XVI saukunis 

dasawyisSive warmoqmnas adasturebs `mzeWabuk aTabagis 

sigeli awyuris RvTismSoblisadmi~ (mcxeTis sigel-gujari 

#482): 

`Cuen wilmxudarsa amasa erisa Senisa... inebe pirmSoisa 

xatisa Senisa... pirsa Sensa zeda miyrdnobiT gamosaxulsa 

ÃeliTa wmidisa andria mociqulisaTa aqa mosvenebaD 

da wmidasa taZarsa Sensa awyuers damkÂdreba. mieriTgan 

vidre aqamomde vinme aRracxnes... qvelis moqmedebani Senni 

Cuenda momarT!... raodenni niSni da saswaulni aRasrulen 

samxilebelad uRmrToTa barbarozTa zeda, rameTu pirvel 

ZululebiTa (!) daguemen usjuloni igi... da aqa JamTa amaT 

Sina CuenTa romelTa ikadres gmoba Seni da Seuracxeba 

taZrisa Senisa, sruliad mospen da daamÃuen didiTgan 

vidre mciredmde da ganabnien da iavar yven... da ganaqarven 

zraxvani maTni... me Zeman didisa patronisa yuaryuaresman 

patronman mzeWabuk da Zmiswulman Cemman, patronman 

yuaryuare... SemovswireT... saydarsa Tquensa... da... saWeT 

mpyrobelsa mamaTmTavarsa sÂmon mawyuerelsa... didi da 

didebuli monasteri zarzma sruliad misiTa SesavliTa 

agarak-soflianiTa da glexebiTa... sruliad aWaruliTa da 

guriuliTa mamuliTa~ (Jordania 1897: 321). 

mzeWabukis sigelsa da `manuelis Txrobas~ Soris 

saerToa Semdegi Temebi: 1) `pirmSo xati~, romelic misi 

aslis arsebobasac gulisxmobs; 2) xatis `ÃeliTa wmidisa 

andria mociqulisaTa... mosveneba~; 3) xatis davaneba 

`wmidasa taZarsa... awyuers~; 4) awyuris xatis mier 

96

apolonisa da artemidas kerpebis Semusrva 73 ; 

yvelaze mniSvnelovani ki isaa, rom `Txrobis~ 

teqstisagan gansxvavebiT, mzeWabuk aTabagis sigelSi 

fiqsirdeba saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomis 

(`Cuen wilmxudarsa amasa erisa Senisa~) da awyuris 

xatis xelTuqmnelobis (misi gamosaxva RvTismSoblis 

`pirsa... zeda miyrdnobiT~) Temebi. 

mesxuri gadmocemis aRniSnul Temebs aseve icnobs 

mzeWabukis Zmiswulis, aTabag nav-yvaryvares (1516-1535) 

ànderZi~ aTonis iverTa monastrisadmi (1532 w.): 

`miguca wilad mSobelsa Tuissa, odes-igi ganigdebdes 

wilsa, da moguivlina erTi aTormetTagani, Zma simon-petresi, 

pirvelwodebuli andria mociquli da piriT misiT 

aRmonatuifi xati yovladwmidisa, didebuli mcveli da 

mfarveli, ganmanaTlebeli da meoxi da nugeSinismcemeli, 

yovelTa dedaTa udidebulesi, saSineli awyurisa RmrTismSobeli, 

romlisa meoxebiTa daguicvenin ufalman uSfoTvelad, 

vidre ukanasknelad dRedmde~ (metreveli 2007: 26). 

zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, sruli safuZveli 

gvaqvs davaskvnaT, rom mesxuri gadmocemis axali redaqcia 

Seiqmna mzeWabukis sicocxleSi, misi aTabagobis 

dros, kerZod, 1501-1516 wlebSi: 1501 wels gadmocemis 

Tavdapirveli versiis berZnuli Targmani ioakime patriarqma 

konstantinopolSi waiRo, 1516 wels ki mze- 

Wabuki gardaicvala74 . redaqtirebis am etapze gadmocemis 

teqstSi, kerZod, mis Sesaval nawilSi CarTes 

ori epizodi: 1) mociqulTa wilisyraSi RvTismSoblis 

monawileoba (`miguca wilad mSobelsa Tuissa, odes- 

` 

73 mzeWabukis sigelSi naTqvamia: `pirvel ZleulebiTa ([ZululebiTa 

Ad 482) daguemen usjuloni igi”. cxadia, `pirvel ZleulebaSi~ igulisxmeba 

awyuris xatis mier artemidasa da apolonis kerpebis 

Semusrvis saswauli (Sdr.: ùkeTu sZlos RmerTman Tquenman, misi 

jer iyos Tayvanis-cema; xolo ukeTu sZlos RmerTman Cuenman, mas 

Tayvanis-vceT yovelTa” (qca I: 41). 

74 mzeWabuk aTabagi (ivane-mzeWabukyofili) am dros ukve berad iyo 

aRkvecili iakobis saxeliT. 

97 

igi ganigdebdes wilsa~); 2) awyuris xatis xelTuqmnelad 

gamosaxva (`piriT misiT aRmonatuifi xati yovladwmidisa~). 

mesxuri gadmocema swored am saxiT, mzeWabukisdroindeli 

redaqciiT Seitanes àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

pbB nusxebSi, romlebsac k. grigolia `qarTlis 

cxovrebis~ redaqtirebis mesame periods (XVIII saukunis 

60-iani wlebs) ganakuTvnebs (grigolia 1954: 300). 

àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ mesxuri gadmocema or 

fragmentadaa warmodgenili: pirveli fragmenti (qca I: 

38), romelSic mociqulTa wilisyra, saqarTvelos 

RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdoma, deda RvTisas xatis 

xelTuqmnelad gamosaxva da wm. andrias saqarTveloSi 

warmogzavnaa aRwerili, zemoT dasaxelebuli nusxebis 

garda, Setanilia Teimuraziseul (T) xelnawerSic. 

meore, vrceli, fragmenti (qca I: 39-42) ki, romelic 

àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ redaqtorTa Sualeduri 

fraziT `romelsa didaWara ewodebis~ iwyeba, mogvi- 

Txrobs mesxeTis qristianizaciaze: didaWaraSi – wyaros 

aRmodinebaze, eklesiis mSeneblobaze, mRvdlebis 

kurTxevasa da xelTuqmneli xatis aslis dasvenebaze, 

awyurSi – samZivris Zis mkvdreTiT aRdgenaze, 

artemidasa da apolonis kerpebis Semusrvaze, eklesiis 

mSeneblobaze, episkoposis xeldasxmasa da `ZveleklesiaSi~ 

xelTuqmneli xatis davanebaze. 

98

separatistuli tendenciebi 

mesxur gadmocemaSi 

ismis kiTxva: ram gamoiwvia samcxis aTabagebis cxoveli 

interesi mesxuri gadmocemisadmi da ratom zrunavdnen 

isini am gadmocemis popularizaciisTvis konstantinopolsa 

da aTonis mTaze? 

amasTan dakavSirebiT sagulisxmo daskvnas gvTavazobs 

r. bartikiani, romlis azriTac, mesxuri gadmocemiT 

aTabagebi cdilobdnen awyuris kaTedra mcxeTis 

kaTolikosatze maRla daeyenebinaT da eCvenebinaT, rom 

saqarTveloSi qristianobis gavrceleba swored maTi 

samflobelodan daiwyo (bartikiani 1987: 50-51). 

rogorc cnobilia, samcxis separacias Tan axlda 

awyuris kaTedris gavlenis zrdac. 1266 wels samcxe 

monRolebma daipyres da is damoukidebel samTavrod 

Camoyalibda, romelsac cixisjvarel-jayelTa feodaluri 

gvari ganagebda. beqasa da aRbuRas kanonebSi 

(XIII-XIV ss.) samcxis mTavari da mawyvereli episkoposi 

Tanabari uflebebiT arian aRWurvilni (doliZe 1953: 

286-288). 

XV saukuneSi samcxis mTavrebma saqarTveloSi Seqmnili 

mZime mdgomareobiT isargebles da sruli damoukideblobis 

mopoveba daapires. aTabagebis separatistul 

miswrafebebs aleqsandre I didis (1393-1442) mtkice 

politikam mouRo bolo. 1414 wels koxtasTavTan momxdar 

brZolaSi mefem Seipyro urCi aTabagi ivane jayeli 

(1391-1444) da `Sewyalebuli~ gauSva. amis Semdeg, 

mefobaze meocnebe yvaryvare II-is gaaTabagebamde, centralur 

xelisuflebasa da jayelebs Soris SedarebiT 

mSvidobiani urTierToba damyarda. magram uTanxmoebam 

kvlav mZafri xasiaTi miiRo yvaryvare II-is (1451-1498) 

naxevarsaukunovani aTabagobisa da giorgi VIII-is (1446- 

1466) mefobis dros. 1466 wels yvaryvarem giorgi VIII 

99 

daatyveva. aqedan moyolebuli samcxe-saaTabago SeuzRudavi 

politikuri damoukideblobiT sargeblobda 

vidre 1535 wlamde, roca aTabagi nav-yvaryvare (1516-1535) 

bagrat III imerTa mefem Seipyro (SaraSiZe 1961: 87-94). 

aRniSnuli droisaTvis politikuri da saeklesio 

damoukidebloba moipova imereTis samefomac. 1470-1474 

wlebSi bagrat II-m (1463-1478) ierusalimel-antioqiel 

patriarq mixeils ioakime caiSel-bedieli episkoposi 

akurTxebina àfxazeTis~ (dasavleTi saqarTvelos) 

kaTalikosad – `saydarTa maT andria mociqulisaTa, 

yovelTa qristianeTa lixT-amerisa, odiSisa, guriisa 

da afxazeTisa~. am faqtis dasakanoneblad ki Seadgenina 

`mcneba sasjulo~, romelSic mxolod afxazeTis 

eklesiis samociqulo xasiaTi iyo aRiarebuli: 

`nino qarTvelTa dedaman moaqcina qarTli, misTa 

sazRvarTa aqaTi wmidaman andria mociqulman naTliTa 

miuCrdilebeliTa gananaTlna~ (anania [jafariZe] 2003: 270). 

samarTlianad aRniSnavs iv. javaxiSvili, rom 

`mcneba sasjulos~ es debuleba qarTuli saeklesioistoriuli 

Teoriis Seryevas isaxavda miznad: `mixeil 

patriarqs undoda qarTvelTaTvis Caenerga, rom wm. 

nino mxolod qarTlis ganmanaTlebeli iyo, xolo andria 

mociquli – qarTlis àqaTi~ qveynisa, anu dasavleT 

saqarTvelos mqadagebeli da momaqceveli. amiT 

mixeili cdilobda dasavleT saqarTvelos mkvidrTaTvis 

gul-gonebaSi is azri Caenerga, rom saeklesio 

CamomavlobiTa da warsuliT isini aRmosavleT saqarTvelosTan 

dakavSirebuli ar arian da amitom exlac 

sruli CamoSoreba kanonieri da samarTliani iyo~ 

(javaxiSvili 1948: 118). 

amave gzas daadga samcxe-saaTabagoc. yvaryvare II-m 

politikuri damoukidebloba ar ikmara da mesxeTis eklesiis 

mcxeTis kaTalikosisagan CamoSoreba ganizraxa. 

Tavdapirvelad saqarTvelos kaTalikosma gadamwyveti 

100

zomebi miiRo aTabagis TviTnebobis asalagmavad, magram 

ufro gvian, XVI saukunis dasawyisSi, roca saqarTvelos 

saxelmwifoebrivi mTlianoba ukve sruliad dar- 

Rveuli iyo, samcxis mmarTvelma mzeWabukma mesxeTis 

eklesia mcxeTis sakaTalikosos moglija da mis meTaurad 

mawyvereli `mRvdelTmTavarTmTavari~ gamoacxada 

(javaxiSvili 1948: 53-61; anania [jafariZe] 1998: 285-294). 

`Txroba manuelisa~ migvaniSnebs, rom konstantinopolis 

sapatriarqo mxars uWerda aTabagebis separatistul 

ganzraxvebs. msgavs pozicias afiqsirebs samcxeSi 

`sakalmasod~ Camosuli antioqiis patriarqi doroTeos 

III-c (1511-1524), romelmac saqarTveloSi vizitis dros 

mawyvereli mRvdelTmTavris mier episkoposTa kurTxevis 

ufleba aRiara: 

`[mawyuerelsa] mivaTualeT yoveli sabrZanebeli patronisa 

mzeWabukisi, raTa ebiskoposni misgan ikurTxeodnen 

yovelnive da missa wessa da brZanebasa hmorCilebdnen. da 

sjulTa misTa erCoden da misgan imwyemsebodnen da 

makurTxevelni misni kurTxeul iyvnen da mwyevarni misni – 

wyeul~ (Jordania 1897: 318). 

mzeWabuk aTabagma es ar ikmara da antioqiis patriarqs 

werilobiTi mimarTvis dawera àiZula~ (`brZanebiTa 

viiZuleniT Tqumad amas didisa patronis 

mzeWabukis mier~ – wers doroTeosi), im imediT, rom 

mimarTvaSi patriarqi aRiarebda ara marto mesxeTis 

saeklesio damoukideblobas, aramed awyuris eparqiis 

samociqulo xasiaTsac, e. i. iseTive xasiaTis dokuments 

Seqmnida samcxe-saaTabagosTvis, rogoric `mcneba 

sasjulo~ iyo. 

doroTeos patriarqma awyuris eparqiis samociqulo 

xasiaTze saubars Tavi aarida, magram mimarTvaSi 

aRniSna, rom mzeWabukma mas gaacno awyuris xatis 

matiane: àwyurisa RmrTismSobelisa saqmeni pirvelnica 

da ukanaÁs raÁ gardaÃda da Tu rabamni saswaulni 

101 

aRasrulna da niSni~ (Jordania 1897: 317). 

faqtobrivad, mzeWabukma doroTeoss iseTive Sedgenilobisa 

da Sinaarsis teqsti warudgina, rogoric `manuelis 

Txrobaa~. saqme is aris, rom aRniSnul teqstSi 

awyuris xatis matiane gacilebiT vrcelia da mesxuri 

gadmocemis garda, masSi Setanilia VII da XV saukuneebis 

movlenebic: 

1) herakle keisris mier awyuris moxilvis epizodi; 

2) awyuris xatis gamoxsna uzun-hasanis tyveobidan; 

3) awyuris xatis gamoxsna iayub yaenis tyveobidan. 

swored amas gulisxmobs doroTeosis sityvebic: 

1) àwyurisa RmrTismSobelisa saqmeni pirvelni~, 

anu mesxuri gadmocemis literaturuli varianti; 

2) àwyurisa RmrTismSobelisa saqmeni... ukanaÁs raÁ 

gardaÃda da Tu rabamni saswaulni aRasrulna da niSni~, 

anu awyuris xatis Semdgomi istoria da saswaulebi. 

amgvarad, yvaryvare da mzeWabuk jayelebis dros 

mesxuri gadmocemis literaturuli variantis Seqmna, 

redaqtireba da misi berZnulad Targmna aTabagebis 

separatistuli miznebiT iyo nakarnaxevi, radgan es 

teqsti awyuris eparqiis `samociqulo~ xasiaTs aRiarebda 

da safuZvels umagrebda mesxeTis saeklesio 

damoukideblobas. 

mesxur gadmocemaSi separatizmis kvali aSkaraa. 

àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ am gadmocemis meore, vrceli, 

fragmenti RvTismSoblis wilxvdomilad mxolod 

samcxes acxadebs da ara sruliad saqarTvelos: 

„miuTxra yovelive SemdgomiT-Semdgomad, viTar-igi 

Semdgomad amaRlebisa uflisa wil-igdes wmidaTa mociqulTa 

yoveli queyana mosaqcevelad, da viTar-igi yovladwmidasa 

RvTismSobelsa wil-xuda queyana ese samcxisa, da 

mis mier warmogzavnili ars aqa xati igi sasod da mcve- 

lad wilxdomilTaTÂs~ (gv. 42). 

amgvari gadaxra gasworebulia mesxuri gadmocemis 

102

pirvel fragmentSi, romelic àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ 

gadamuSavebuli saxiTaa warmodgenili da mas- 

Si ramdenjermea aRniSnuli, rom RvTismSobels wilad 

xvda saqarTvelo da ara misi erT-erTi kuTxe (samcxe): 

`yovladwmidasa RmrTismSobelsa wilad xuda moqcevad 

queyana saqarTvelosa~ (qca I: 38); `da CuenebiT eCuena 

mas Ze misi, ufali Cueni, da rqua: `Ä, dedao Cemo, ara 

ugulebel vyo eri igi sazepuro ufros yovelTa 

naTesavTa, meoxebiTa SeniTa maTTÂs. xolo Sen waravline 

pirvelwodebuli andria nawilsa mas Senda xuedrebulsa, 

da Tana-waratane xati Seni, viTarica pirsa Sensa dadebiTa 

gamoisaxos, da Sen wil xati igi Seni mkÂdrobdes 

mcuelad maTda ukunisamde JamTa~ (iqve). 

damowmebuli magaliTebi naTlad metyveleben, rom 

mesxuri gadmocema (gansakuTrebiT, misi meore nawili) 

mzamzareuli saxiT Seitanes àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~, 

amitom mas dednidan gadahyva separatizmisa da 

kuTxuri gankerZoebis sxva niSnebic: 

1) gadmocemis geografiuli areali (didaWara, rkinis 

jvari, oZrxis xevi, zaden-gora, awyveri, saqrisi), 

ZiriTadad, samcxe-saaTabagos moicavs; 

2) wm. andrias mier saqarTveloSi Semosvenebuli 

mTavari siwmindea RvTismSoblis xati, romlis dedanic 

awyurSi rCeba. metic, misi awyurSi davaneba winaswarvea 

gansazRvruli: `Semdgomad amaRlebisa uflisa wiligdes 

wmidaTa mociqulTa yoveli queyana mosaqcevelad, 

da viTar-igi yovladwmidasa RvTismSobelsa wilxuda 

queyana ese samcxisa, da mis mier warmogzavnili 

ars aqa xati igi sasod da mcvelad wilxdomilTaTÂs 

da jereTca egreT ars, raTa daesvenos aqa mkÂdrad 

ukunisamde JamTa~ (gv. 42). 

3) awyuris RvTismSoblis xatis asl(eb)ic samcxesaaTabagoSi 

rCeba, kerZod, didaWaraSi (berZnuli versiis 

mixedviT – SatberdSic); 

103 

4) gadmocema saqarTvelos eklesiaSi prioritetul 

eparqiad awyurs acxadebs, romlis pirvel episkopossac 

xeli daasxa Tavad andria pirvelwodebulma: „daudginna 

episkoposi, mRudelni da diakonni, da kualad 

ganemzada qadagebad saxarebisa~. 

`mimoslvis~ mixedviT, wm. andria pirvelwodebulma 

`mRdelni da diakonni~ qalaq amisoSi akurTxa (gv. 174), 

ramdenime qalaqSi ki episkoposebi daadgina: odisoSi – 

anpioni (gv. 176), qalkedonSi – tviqikosi, amastridSi – 

palmanosi (gv. 183), sinopSi – filologe, xolo bizantionSi 

– staqe (gv. 191). mesxuri gadmocema swored am 

CamonaTvals ganavrcobs da gvauwyebs, rom wm. andriam 

didaWaraSi daadgina `mRudelni da diakonni~, xolo 

awyurSi akurTxa èpiskoposi, mRudelni da diakonni~, 

Tumca, saTanado wyaros uqonlobis gamo, ver akonkretebs 

pirveli mawyvereli episkoposis saxels. 

5) mesxuri gadmocema iseT avtoritetul teqsts, 

rogoric àndria mociqulis mimoslvaa~, sxvaganac 

warmogvidgens lokalur, mesxur tradiciasTan sinTez- 

Si. amis dasturia sosangeTis lokalizacia da `dedakaci 

vinme mTavaris~ gaigiveba `qvriv samZivarTan~. 

sosangeTisa da `dedakaci vinme mTavaris~ Sesaxeb 

`mimoslvis~ efTvimeseuli Targmanis garda ramdenime 

sxva qarTulenovan wyaroSicaa saubari, magram arcerT 

maTganSi ar aris naTqvami, rom sosangeTi awyuria. metic, 

es teqstebi sosangeTis gansxvavebul lokalizacias 

gvTavazoben, ris paraleluradac icvleba 

`dedakaci mTavaris~ adgilsamyofelic. 

yvelaze niSandoblivi ki is faqtia, rom XI-XV saukuneebis 

arcerTi qarTulenovani wyaro, mesxuri gadmocemis 

garda, ar adasturebs wm. andrias mier sosangeTSi 

episkoposis kurTxevas: 

`mimoslva~: `didebuli andria sxuaTa maT Tana movidodes 

qalaqiTi-qalaqad da sofliTi-soflad. aswavlides erTa da iqmo- 

104

des saswaulTa da esreT moiwines queyanad qarTlisa da vidre 

mdinaredmde Woroxisa daucxromelad qadagebdes saxelsa RmrTisasa. 

da merme STavides sosangelTa sofelsa. xolo mas queyanasa 

mTavrobda dReTa maT dedakaci vinme mTavari, romelsaca hrwmena 

qadagebaÁ mociqulTa~; 

arsen beris `ninos cxovreba~: `xolo didebuli andria orTa 

maT Tana vidoda qalaqad-qalaqad da soflad-soflad, aswavebdes 

da iqmodes saswaulTa saxeliTa qristesiTa, vidremdis miiwines 

queyanasa qarTvelTasa da uqadages sityuaÁ cxorebisaÁ. iyo vinme 

maT kerZoTa dedakaci mTavari, romelsa hrwmena qadagebaÁ 

mociqulisaÁ da mataTia sxuaTa Tana mowafeTa daadgra mun; da 

mravalni moaqcines sarwmunoebad da mecnierebad WeSmaritebisa, 

vidodes da aswavebdes vidre mdinared Woroxadmde da soflebTa 

nigalisaTa. xolo didebuli mociquli andria simoniTurT sxuaTa 

Tana warvida ovseTad~; 

`mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqcia: `didebuli andria sxuaTa maT 

Tana mociqulTa, movidodes qalaqiTi-qalaqad da sofliTi-soflad. 

aswavebdes erTa da iqmodes saswaulTa, da esreT miiwivnes queyanasa 

qarTlisasa. da merme warvles taos kerZi queyana da vidre 

mdinared Woroxadmde, yoveli igi soflebi mis kerZisa movles, da 

daucadeblad qadagebdes saxelsa RvTisasa. da esreT qadagebiTa 

miiwivnes sivneTisa queyanasa. xolo mas queyanasa mTavrobda dReTa 

maT dedakaci vinme mTavari, romelsa hrwmena qadageba mociqulTa. 

da mataTia sxuaTa maT Tana mowafeTa daSTa maT kerZoTa. xolo 

didi andria, simoniTurT Sevida queyanasa ovseTisasa~. 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ CanarTi: `didebuli andria sxuaTa maT 

Tana mociqulTa, movidodes qalaqiTi-qalaqad da sofliTi-soflad. 

aswavebdes erTa da iqmodes saswaulTa, da esreT miiwivnes queyanasa 

qarTlisasa. da merme warvles taos kerZi queyana da vidre 

mdinared Woroxadmde, yoveli igi soflebi mis kerZisa movles, da 

daucadeblad qadagebdes saxelsa RvTisasa. da esreT qadagebiTa 

miiwivnes svaneTisa queyanasa. xolo mas queyanasa mTavrobda dReTa 

maT dedakaci vinme mTavari, romelsa hrwmena qadageba mociqulTa. 

da mataTia sxuaTa maT Tana mowafeTa daSTa maT kerZoTa. xolo 

105 

didi andria, simoniTurT Sevida queyanasa ovseTisasa~. 

`mimoslvasa~ da mesxur gadmocemas Soris ki amgvari 

mimarTebaa: 

àndria pirvelwodebulis 

mimoslva~ 

„esreT moiwines queyanad 

qarTlisa da vidre 

mdinaredmde Woroxisa 



STavides sosangelTa 

sofelsa. 



mTavari, 


mociqulTaÁ da mataTia 

sxuaTa maT Tana mowafeTa 

daSTa maT kerZoTa~ (gv. 189). 

106 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ CanarTi 

„moiwia awyvers, romelsa 

pirvelad ewodeboda sosangeTi, 

da pirispir saqrisi. da daivana 

adgilsa erTsa, sada-igi iyo 

taZari sakerpo, romelsa aw 

Zvel-ekklesia ewodebis, da mas 

Sina imsaxurebodes kerpni maTni. 

xolo mTavrobda maSin 

dedakaci vinme 

qurivi samZivari, 

romelsa... hrwmena ufali ieso 

qriste...~ (gv. 39) 

amgvarad, ganxiluli epizodis ganviTarebisa da 

sosangeTis lokalizaciis cvalebadobis dinamika 

amgvar suraTs qmnis: 

a) arsen beris `ninos cxovrebis~ mixedviT, `dedakaci 

mTavari~ cxovrobs `qarTvelTa qveynis~ ganapira 

mxareSi, sosangeTs es avtori ar axsenebs, Sesabamis 

adgilas ki asaxelebs `soflebTa nigalisaTa~ (amaze 

ukve visaubreT). 

b) `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqcia sosangeTs sivneTTan 

(somxur siuniqTan) aigivebs, `qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

CanarTi – svaneTTan, xolo mesxuri gadmocema – 

awyurTan;

g) cnoba wm. andrias mier sosangeTSi episkoposis 

kurTxevis Sesaxeb mxolod mesxuri gadmocemis berZnul 

da qarTul versiebSia Setanili. 

d) àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ sosangeTis lokalizaciaze 

erTdroelad ori Tvalsazrisia ganviTarebuli: 

mesxuri gadmocemidan momdinare plastSi sosangeTi 

awyurs èwodeboda~, `mimoslvis~ qarTuli 

redaqciidan momdinare plastSi ki sosangeTi igive 

svaneTia (aqedan naTlad Cans, rom es ori plasti 

erTmaneTisgan damoukideblad viTardeboda); 

e) `dedakaci mTavris~ vinaobas mxolod mesxuri 

gadmocema ganmartavs: efTvimes Targmanis `mTavari~ 

qarTul versiaSi Secvlilia sityvebiT `qurivi samZivari~, 

riTac `dedakaci vinme mTavari~ dakavSirebulia 

mesx samZivarTa cnobil feodalur gvarTan. marTalia, 

berZnul versiaSi naTqvamia, rom `didgvarovani~ qvrivi 

mxolod `saxeladaa samZivari~ (Σαμφυάρα), magram am 

saxelis warmomavlobasac gvar samZivarTan mivyavarT; 

v) garda amisa, mesxuri gadmocema, yvela qarTulenovani 

literaturuli wyarosgan gansxvavebiT, azustebs 

`dedakaci mTavris~ gaqristianebis motivs – wm. 

andriam misi gardacvlili Ze aRadgina mkvdreTiT. 

istoriul wyaroebSi samZivarTa feodaluri sagvareulo 

XII-XV saukuneebSi figurirebs, XV saukunidan 

maT mamuls gogibaSvilebi daeuflnen (SoSiaSvili 

1966: 12-29), rasac gvauwyebs 1516 wels Sedgenili dokumenti 

`mcxeTis eklesiis ZueliTgan saqonebelni da 

samwysoni samcxes Tavadni da sofelni~: 

`samZivari misiTa sasaflaoÁTa, monastriTa da karis 

eklesiiTa gogibasSvilTa aqus~ (SaraSiZe 1961: 33). 

zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, mesxuri gadmocemis 

ganviTarebis istoriaSi samZivarTa sagvareulos zeobis 

periodi calke etapad unda gamoiyos, magram am 

gadmocemis literaturuli versiis dasaTariReblad 

107 

zemoT ganxiluli faqtebi ar kmara. saWiroa awyuris 

xatis matianis ufro Rrma analizi, misi berZnuli da 

qarTuli versiebis gamowvlilviT Seswavla, amave 

konteqstSia gasaazrebeli iseTi mniSvnelovani idea, 

rogoricaa saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomiloba 

da am ideis kavSiri rogorc wm. andrias 

qadagebasTan, ise awyuris xatTan. saWiroa, agreTve, 

awyuruli matianis sxva realiebis ganxilvac, radgan 

mesxuri gadmocemis literaturuli varianti swored 

misi erT-erTi Semadgeneli nawili iyo. 

108

RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomiloba, 

wm. andrias qadageba da awyuris xati 

mesxuri gadmocemis, gansakuTrebiT, misi mzeWabukisdroindeli 

redaqciis mixedviT, awyuris xatis 

istoria uSualod ukavSirdeba RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomilobis 

ideas, romlis mixedviTac, deda RvTisam, 

andria pirvelwodebulis saqarTveloSi warmogzavnamde, 

monawileoba miiRo mociqulTa wilisyraSi da 

mas wilad ergo `queyana saqarTvelosa~ // `queyana ese 

samcxisa~ (qca I: 38, 42). 

gviandel Sua saukuneebSi saqarTvelos (iveriis) 

wilxvdomilobis idea mTel qristianul samyaroSi 

gavrcelda, magram rac unda gasakviri iyos, andria 

pirvelwodebulisadmi miZRvnil adreul berZnul 

literaturul ciklebSi am sakiTxs aravin Sexebia. 

aRniSnul ideas gverds uvlis nikita paflagonielis 

àndria mociqulis mimoslvac~ (IX s.), romelic 

qarTulad eqvTime aTonelma Targmna: 

a) `mimoslvaSi~ araferia naTqvami mociqulTa wilisyraSi 

deda RvTisas monawileobaze da arc is 

faqtia naxsenebi, rom saqarTveloSi qadageba swored 

mas ergo wilad. wilisyrisadmi miZRvnil monakveTSi 

nikita paflagonieli mxolod petre da andria 

mociqulebze amaxvilebs yuradRebas da wers: 

`maSin ukue wil-xuda Tavsa mas mociqulTasa petres 

saRmrToÁTa madliTa ganaTlebad dasavalisa dabnelebulni 

igi kerZoni. xolo RmerTSemosili andrea, ZmaÁ misi, 

ganaCina qadagebad naTesavTa aRmosavalisa da CrdiloÁsa- 

Ta, vidre makedoniad da aqaiadmde~ (mimosvla 2008: 165). 

`naTesavTa aRmosavalisa da CrdiloÁsaTa~ Soris, 

cxadia, qarTvelebic igulixmebian, magram aq mxolod 

andria pirvelwodebulis wilxvdomil qveynebzea saubari. 

109 

b) `mimoslvis~ mixedviT, wm. andriam samive misioneruli 

mogzauroba ierusalimidan daiwyo, `rameTu aTormetni 

mociqulni wliTi-wlad Sekrbian ierusalems 

aRsrulebad paseqisa winaSe wmidisa RmrTismSobelisa 

da mis Tana aRasrulian aRvsebaÁ da martÂliaÁ~ (mimosvla 

2008: 175, 188), magram arc am SemTxvevebSia sagangebod 

aRniSnuli, rom andria pirvelwodebuli uSualod 

RvTismSobelma warmogzavna saqarTveloSi. 

ase rom, saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomaze 

`mimoslvaSi~ araferia naTqvami da es niSandoblivicaa, 

radgan am ideaze pirdapiri miTiTeba TviT 

qarTul literaturul wyaroebSic ufro gvian, XI-XII 

saukuneebSi, erovnuli cnobierebis aRmavlobis periodSi 

Cndeba, manamde ki igi uTuod saeklesio zepir 

tradiciaSi arsebobda (bezaraSvili 2004: 15). 

qarTul literaturaSi RvTismSoblis wilxvdomilobis 

ideis uZveles dadasturebad ìlarion qarTvelis 

cxovrebis~ kimenuri redaqciaa (X s.-is pirveli 

naxevari) 75 miCneuli (bezaraSvili 2004: 15). magram am 

teqstSi uSualod mociqulTa wilisyraze araferia 

naTqvami da yovladwmida RvTismSobeli warmogvidgeba 

wm. ilarionisa da qarTvelebis mfarvelad: `romelni 

maT ara Seiwynareben, mter Cemda arian, rameTu Cemda 

moniWebul ars Zisa mier Cemisa naTesavi igi Seuryevelad 

marTlmadideblobisaTÂs maTisa, vinaÁTgan hrwmena 

saxeli Zisa CemisaÁ da naTel-iRes~ (Zeglebi II: 20). 

` 

75 q. bezaraSvili saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomilobis 

ideis safuZvlebs `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁSi~ xedavs, kerZod, `mayvlovnis~ 

epizodis simbolur interpretaciaSi (bezaraSvili 2002: 125-145), 

rasac ar eTanxmeba s. maxaraSvili: `raRa Tqma unda, wm. ninos 

mayvlovnis simbolika iZleva imis saSualebas, rom qarTvelTa 

ganmanaTlebeli RvTismSobelTan davakavSiroT da masSi bibliuri 

mayvlis buCqis analogiiT maradqalwuli mariamis saxe SevicnoT, 

magram, vfiqrobT, am paradigmas gadaWarbebul mniSvnelobas mainc 

ver mivaniWebT; yovel SemTxvevaSi, is saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi 

wilxvedrilobis sakiTxis gasarkvevad namdvilad ar 

gamodgeba~ - aRniSnavs mkvlevari (maxaraSvili 2009: 212). 

110

ìlarion qarTvelis cxovrebis~ kimenur redaqciaSi 

aseve araferia naTqvami andria mociqulsa da mis 

saqarTveloSi qadagebaze, imis miuxedavad, rom ilarion 

qarTvelis (822-875) moRvaweobis geografia xSirad 

Tanxvdeba andria mociqulis misioneruli mogzaurobebis 

marSruts (saqarTvelo, ierusalimi, konstantinopoli, 

ulumbo, Tesalonike). SesaZloa, wm. ilarionis 

biografi epifane monazvnis an nikita paflagonielis 

Txzulebebsac icnobda, magram ìlarion qarTvelis 

cxovrebaSi~ ar Cans aRniSnuli teqstebis anarekli. 

mociqulTa wilisyraSi RvTismSoblis monawileobasa 

da saqarTvelos wilxvedrilobaze uZveles werilobiT 

cnobebs `ninos cxovrebis~ svinaqsaruli redaqcia 

(XI s.) Seicavs da wyarod mamaTa gardamocemas 

asaxelebs: 

`xolo ityÂan vieTnime mamaTaganni, viTarmed nawiladca 

xuedrebul ganyofasa wmidaTa mociqulTasa wmidisa 

RmrTismSobelisa wili iyo qarTvelTa naTesavi, amisTÂs 

dedakacisagan ineba moqcevaÁ misi~ (Zeglebi IV: 351). 

ase rom, avtoris azriT, RmerTma dedakacis mier 

saqarTvelos moqceva RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomilobis 

gamo ineba da es idea mxolod da mxolod wm. 

ninos misionerul RvawlSi poulobs gamoxatulebas. 

cnobebs mociqulTa wilisyraSi RvTismSoblis 

monawileobasa da wm. andrias saqarTveloSi qadagebaze 

erT teqstSi arsen berma mouyara Tavi, magram am ori 

ideis sinTezi arc `ninos cxovrebis~ metafrasul 

redaqciaSi ganxorcielda, radgan avtori wm. andriasa 

da RvTismSobelze erTmaneTisgan gancalkevebiT saubrobs, 

or sxvadasxva CanarTSi. 

arsen beris teqstSi wm. andrias saqarTveloSi qadageba 

(gv. 9-10) aRwerilia àndria mociqulis mimoslvis~ 

mixedviT, RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomilobaze 

saubris dros ki (gv. 15-16) avtori emyareba wm. ninos 

111 

svinaqsarul cxovrebas (SesaZloa, Txzulebis es Canar- 

Ti emyarebodes svinaqsarSi damowmebul pirvelwyaros: 

ìtyÂan vieTnime mamaTaganni~). 

meore CanarTSi arsen beri mxolod mociqulTa 

wilisyraze, sulTmofenobasa da RvTismSoblisadmi 

wilxvdomaze (gv. 15) amaxvilebs yuradRebas, magram wm. 

andrias saqarTveloSi qadagebis faqts ar axsenebs. 

`ninos cxovrebis~ aRniSnul monakveTSi, kerZod, 

naTqvamia, rom martviliis Semdeg RvTismSobeli ioane 

maxareblis wilxvdomil qveyanaSi (mas `sam-gzis wilgdebiTa 

xvda kerZoÁ efesoÁsaÁ, queyana asiisaÁ~) 

wasvlas daapirebs. am dros macxovari ecxadeba, sionSi 

dabrunebas sTxovs da eubneba, rom misi wilxvedria 

àdvil mosaqcevelni erni warmarTni da queyanaÁ maTi~ 

(gv. 16). avtori iqve ganmartavs, rom RvTismSoblis 

wilxvedr erSi qarTvelebi igulisxmebian: 

`Semdgomad welTa mravalTa Soris gardaslvisa moxedva 

yo zeciT wyalobiT yovladsaxierman dedofalman da 

moiÃsena uflisa mier da Zisa TÂsisa wilxudomili igi 

misda queyanaÁ da naTesavi Cueni, rameTu nawil misa Cuen 

varT, naTesavni qarTvelTani, da netar varT Cuen da sam 

netar, rameTu nawil misa viwodeniT~ (arsen beri 1971: 16). 

arsen beri, wm. ninos svinaqsaruli cxovrebis avtoris 

msgavsad, RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomis ideas wm. 

ninos misionerul RvawlTan akavSirebs. misi teqstis 

mixedviT, qarTvelTa ganmanaTlebel qalwuls RvTismSobeli 

ecxadeba, vazis jvars gadascems da saqarTveloSi 

gzavnis (arsen beri 1971: 16-17). 

ase rom, RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomis idea arsen 

beris TxzulebaSic wm. ninos qadagebas ukavSirdeba da 

ara andria pirvelwodebulis misionerul moRvaweobas. 

igive suraTia `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ meore svinaqsarul 

redaqciaSi (XIV s.), romelic, Tavis mxriv, `ninos 

cxovrebis~ adreul redaqciebs eyrdnoba, rogorc 

112

amas e. gabiZaSvili aRniSnavs (Zeglebi IV: 131-134): 

`ninos cxovrebis~ 

svinaqsari, I redaqcia (XI s.) 

`xolo ityÂan vieTnime 

mamaTaganni, viTarmed 

nawiladca xuedrebul 

ganyofasa wmidaTa 

mociqulTasa 

wmidisa RmrTismSobelisa 

wili iyo qarTvelTa 

naTesavi, amisTÂs dedakacisagan 

ineba moqcevaÁ misi~ 

(Zegl. IV: 351). 

`ninos cxovrebis~ 

svinaqsari, II redaqcia (XIV s.) 

`xolo ityÂan vieTnime wmidaTa 

mamaTaganni, viTarmed 

nawiladca xuedrebiT 

iyo RmrTisagan wmidisa, odes-igi 

brZanebiTa zegardmoÁTa wili 

igdes wmidaTa mociqulTa TanadgomiTa 

wmidisa 

RmrTismSobelisaÁTa yovelsa 

queyanasa zeda, gananawiles 

TÂTeulad. maSin wiladca 

xuedrebiT wmidisa 

RmrTismSobelisa wili igi 

qarTvelTa naTesavi... amisTÂs 

dedakacisagan ineba moqcevaÁ 

misi~ (Zeglebi IV: 352-353). 

XIV saukuneSi, roca `ninos cxovrebis~ meore svinaqsaruli 

redaqcia daiwera, saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi 

wilxvdomilobis tradicia ukve farTod iyo 

gavrcelebuli mTel marTlmadidebel samyaroSi, gansakuTrebiT, 

aTonis mTaze, rasac xels uwyobda iveriis 

RvTismSoblis xatis (X s.) avtoriteti. es saswaulmoqmedi 

xati imTaviTve aRiares RvTismSoblis mier 

saqarTvelos mfarvelobis nivTier mowmobad. 

zogierTi gadmocemis mixedviT, iveriis RvTismSoblis 

xati winare istoriiTac saqarTvelos ukavSirdeboda: 

erTi versiiT, is ekuTvnoda trapezuntSi mcxovreb 

qarTvel vaWars; meore versiiT, xatis Tavdapirveli 

adgilsamyofeli fazisi iyo, romelic am siw- 

113 

mindem Tavad miatova, sanam es qalaqi `kacTa codvebis~ 

gamo zRvaSi CaiZireboda; yvelaze gavrcelebuli gadmocemis 

mixedviT, iveriis xati luka maxarebelma 

dawera da ludiis taZarSi mwvalebelTa Tavdasxmamde 

iyo dabrZanebuli, roca xatmebrZolebma cecxls misces 

es taZari, siwminde ki qvrivma dedakacma ixsna, 

tiloSi Segragna da xmelTaSua zRvas gaayola; 

zogierTi versiiT, xati ekuTvnoda nikeaSi mcxovreb 

keTilSobil qvriv qals, romelmac igi xatmebrZoli 

imperatoris Teofiles (829-842) jariskacebis risxvas 

ganarida; gadmocemis yvela versia aRiarebs, rom aTonis 

iverTa monastris daarsebis (983 w.) Semdeg saswaulmoqmedi 

xati mTawmindis (aion-orosis) napirze 

gamoCnda, egeosis zRvidan gabriel qarTvelma amoiyvana 

(berebis procesiasTan erTad) da iverTa monastris 

karibWis (portas) Tavze daasvena. aqedan momdinareobs 

xatis saxelwodebac – `portaitisa~ (ruxaZe 1960: 109; 

yauxCiSvili 1963: 135). 

iveriis RvTismSoblisa da saqarTvelos Sesaxeb 

arsebul aTonur gadmocemebs bulgarelma berma 

stefane mTawmidelma (XV s.) erT TxzulebaSi mouyara 

Tavi, romelSic avtori gadmogvcems, rom amaRlebis 

Semdeg mociqulTa wilisyraSi yovladwmida RvTismSobelma 

miiRo monawileoba da mas wilad iveria (saqarTvelo) 

ergo. amis Semdeg deda RvTisam wilxvdomilTa 

gasanaTleblad wasvla gadawyvita, magram mas angelozi 

gamoecxada da auwya, rom iveria gvian unda moqceuliyo: 

`yovladwmidaman ganixara wilxdomisa misTvis da Semdgom 

sulis wmidis miRebisa, romelica msgavsad cecxlisa maT miefinaT, 

isurva wasvla mxaresa iveriisa. garna angelosman RuTisaman 

hrqua mas: `nu ganeSorebi ierusalimiT. mxare, sadaca warsvla 

gsuris Sen, ganaTldebis ukanasknelTa dReTa da meufeba 

Seni damtkicdebis mun. Semdgom raodenisame Jamisa mzrun- 

114

velobaTa SenTa migelis sxua queyana, romelsaca TviT RmerTi 

migiyvans Sen~. aha, raisTvis daSTa yovladwmida grZels Jamsa 

ierusalimsa Sina~ (stefane mTawmideli 1865: 68-69). 

RvTismSobeli ierusalimSi darCa, sadac ioane 

RvTismetyvelis saxlSi cxovrobda. mogvianebiT ki man 

aTonze, kviprossa da efesoSi imogzaura (porfiri 

[uspenski] 1892: 129-131; bubulaSvili 2008(a): 150). 

niSandoblivia, rom mesxuri gadmocemis qarTuli 

versia axlos dgas stefane mTawmidelis Txzulebis 

pirvel nawilTan. am ori teqstis Sinaarsobrivi da 

teqstobrivi Tanxvedrebi miuTiTeben, rom maT saerTo 

pirvelwyaro aqvT. es niSandoblivicaa, radgan mTawmindaze 

mcxovrebi berZnebisa da slavebis informatorebi 

qarTveli moRvaweebi iyvnen (ruxaZe 1960: 108) 76 : 

stefane mTawmideli àxali qarTlis cxovreba~ 

`Semdgomad amaRlebisa uflisa `Semdgomad amaRlebisa uflisa, 

Cuenisa iesos qristessa, 

yovelni mowafeni brZanebisamebr 

misisa ierusalimiT 

ganuSorebiT iyvnes Sekrebil 

sionis mTasa zeda dedisa 

uflisa mariamisTan da 

moelodnen aRTqmulsa maTsa 

nugeSismcemelsa. odesca ukue 

maT ganigdes wili, 

raJams wil-igdes mociqulTa, 

Tu vis romeli mxare Sexvdebis 

` 

76 XV saukunis bolos samcxesa da aTons Soris intensiuri urTierToba 

damyarda: 1492 wels aToneli berebi eaxlnen samcxis aTabag 

yvaryvare II-s, romelmac materialuri daxmareba gauwia dauZlurebul 

savanes; aTons guluxvad exmarebodnen yvaryvare aTabagis 

memkvidreebic – qaixosro da mzeWabuki; amave periodSi samcxis 

aTabagebma mTawmindaze didi saboZvriT miavlines mxatvari da kaligrafi 

ambrosi, qarTveli beri akaki da berZeni monazoni simeoni – 

awyuris momavali episkoposi (menabde 1962: 225-227). 

115 

qadagebad saxarebisa, yovlad 

wmida qalwulman hrqua maT: 

`meca Tquen Tana mnebavs aRebad 

wilisa, raTa vscna, romelsac 

mxaresa ganmiwesebs me RmerTi~. 

miiRes ra sityua dedisa 

RuTisa, maT keTil-mowiwebiT 

hyares wili da mas Sexvda 

queyana iveriisa, romelica aw 

ars saqarTvelo~ (stefane 

mTawmideli 1865: 68). 

116 

maSin yovladwmidasa 

RmrTismSobelsa wilad xuda 

moqcevad queyana saqarTvelosa~ 

(qca I: 38). 

ase rom, saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomis 

idea sam gansxvavebul literaturul tradicias 

daukavSirda: 

1) wm. ninos mier saqarTvelos moqcevas (`ninos 

cxovrebis~ redaqciebi); 

2) iveriis RvTismSoblis xatis aTonis mTaze 

davanebas (aTonuri gadmocemebi, stefane mTawmideli); 

3) wm. andrias saqarTveloSi qadagebas (mesxuri 

gadmocemis berZnuli da qarTuli versiebi). 

cxadia isic, rom mesxuri gadmocemis mzeWabukisdroindeli 

redaqcia STagonebulia iveriis RvTismSoblis 

xatisa da `ninos cxovrebis~ literaturuli 

ciklebiT: 

a) RvTismSoblisadmi saqarTvelos wilxvdomis 

mowme awyuris xati iveriis ganTqmul xats enaTesaveba: 

odigitriis ikonografiuli tipi da saswaulebi, xolo 

Tavisi xelTuqmnelobiT (rac mesxuri gadmocemis qar- 

Tul versiaSi gansakuTrebiT aris xazgasmuli) aRemateba 

kidec mas; 

b) RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomis ideis konteqstSi 

wm. andriasa da awyuris xatis simboluri wyvili 

iWers wm. ninosa da vazis jvris wyvilis adgils.

yvelaze niSandoblivi ki isaa, rom mesxuri gadmocema 

erTaderTi wyaroa, romlis mixedviTac, yovladwmida 

RvTismSobeli saqarTveloSi andria mociquls 

(Sdr.: `ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebis mixedviT _ wm. 

ninos) gzavnis Tavis xatTan (Sdr.: `ninos cxovrebis~ 

redaqciebis mixedviT _ vazis jvarTan) erTad. es ori 

Tema _ RvTismSoblis wilxvedr qveyanaSi misi misiis 

aRsasruleblad andria mociqulis warmogzavna da 

RvTismSoblis xatis saqarTveloSi (mesxeTSi) damkvidreba 

ucnobia rogorc `ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebis 

avtorTaTvis, ise stefane mTawmidelisTvis, rac 

erTxel kidev miuTiTebs aRniSnuli tradiciis 

lokalur, qarTul, ufro konkretulad ki – mesxur 

warmomavlobaze. 

117 

awyuris RvTismSoblis xatis matiane 

mesxuri gadmocemis literaturul variants mecnierebi 

sxvadasxva monacemze dayrdnobiT aTariReben. mi- 

Rebuli Sedegebic, Sesabamisad, gansxvavebulia da ramdenime 

saukunis farglebSi meryeobs: 

1) v. liCeli mesxuri gadmocemis siZvelis irib 

mtkicebulebad arqeologiur masalas iyenebs, rogoricaa: 

awyuris uZvelesi cixisa da qalaqis naSTebi; aqve 

aRmoCenili ioniuri Tasebi (Zv. w. VI s.) da aTenuri 

mxatvruli keramika (Zv. w. V s.), romlebic farTo saer- 

TaSoriso urTierTobebze migvaniSneben; elinisturi 

periodis (Zv. w. III s.) mesxi didebulis mdidruli samarxi, 

masSi Cayolebuli beWdebi, miTrasa da anahitis 

kultis simbolikiT; mesxur gadmocemaSi fiqsirebuli, 

materialuri saxis mqone oTxi komponenti (qalaqi 

awyuri, RvTismSoblis taZari, warmarTuli akropolisi 

(Sida cixe), RvTismSoblis xati), romelTa kvalic 

SemorCenilia. aqedan gamomdinare, v. liCeli dasZens: 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ CanarTis cnoba andria mociqulis 

samcxeSi, kerZod, awyurSi mosvlis Sesaxeb realuria... 

cxadia kidev ori momenti – (1) is, vinc qronikas 

werda, zedmiwevniT kargad iyo informirebuli awyuris 

Sesaxeb (Tu saerTodac, Txrobis ZiriTadi nawili aq 

ar Casworda!); (2) avtori iyenebda imdenad Zvel wyaros, 

rom pirveli saukunis movlenebic ki zustad aRwera~ 

(liCeli 2000: 108-110). 

2) s. kakabaZisTvis amosavalia qvrivi `samZivaris~ 

xseneba, ris safuZvelzec igi mesxuri gadmocemis 

literaturul variants XI saukuniT aTariRebs: `XI s.- 

Si Cawerili gadmocemis mixedviT, andria pirvelwodebulis 

samcxeSi mosvlisas awyurSi mflobelpatronad 

iyo qvrivi samZivari, e. i. awyuris mflobelze 

gaTxovili da Semdeg daqvrivebuli, samZivris 

118

saxlis asuli. amis mixedviT, samZivari aris qarTveli 

uZvelesi mepatrone gvaris saxeli, romelic ki Cven 

viciT aseTi Zveli drois mimarT~ _ aRniSnavs igi 

(kakabaZe 1966: 64-65). amave monacemze dayrdnobiT mesxur 

gadmocemas XII-XIV saukuneebiT aTariReben m. sanaZe da 

n. SoSiaSvili (qca 1994: 140); 

gadmocemis daTariRebisas awyuris xatis77 matianeze 

aqcenti pirvelad m. brosem gadaitana da teqsti 

ganakuTvna gviandel epoqas, arauadres XV saukunisa. 

mecnieri am SemTxvevaSi mxolod àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

monacemebs eyrdnoboda (brose 1851: 21-22), 

radgan `manuelis Txroba~ misTvis ucnobi iyo. 

sakiTxis SeswavlisaTvis ki mniSvnelovania `manuelis 

Txrobis~ monacemebic, radgan adreuli periodis 

literaturuli wyaroebi awyuris xatsa da mis 

saswaulebze mwir informacias gvawvdian. 

`grigol xanZTelis cxovreba~ vrclad mogviTxrobs 

IX saukuneSi awyurSi moRvawe efrem did mawyve- 

` 

77 Cvenamde moaRwia awyuris xatis (46,5 × 38,5 sm) gviandelma aslma. 

xelovnebaTmcodneTa azriT, igi arc aris sakuTriv àwyuris RvTismSobeli~ 

da Zveli saswaulmoqmedi xatisagan mxolod saxeli gadmohyva, 

nivTierad ki misgan aRaraferia darCenili. mkvlevarebi 

xatze gamosaxuli RvTismSoblisa da yrma iesos pirisaxeebsac gvian 

ferweras ganakuTvneben, xolo Tvlebis samkauls, feradovan Ser- 

Cevas, kompoziciur gawyobas da, gansakuTrebiT, ornamentis damu- 

Savebis axlebur xerxs _ im niSnebs, romlebic mxolod XVI saukunis 

kaxeTis WedurobisTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli (xuskivaZe... 2007: 284- 

285; kavlelaSvili 2009: 224). sagulisxmoa isic, rom, istoriuli 

wyaroebis mixedviT, awyuris xatis matianeSi axali etapi swored 

XVI saukuneSi iwyeba, roca `bilwiTa ÃeliTa~ mravalgzis gaZarcvuli 

siwminde gelaTSi gadaiyvanes. 1578-1583 wlebSi igi oqroTi 

moWedes imereTis mefe giorgi II-is brZanebiT. xatis yvelaze 

adreul warweraSi giorgi imerTa mefe, misi meuRle (Tamari) da 

Svilebi (aleqsandre da mamia) ixseniebian. mogvianebiT, 1774 wels, 

xati Seamko imereTis mefe solomon I-ma (1752-1784 ww.), romelic 

warweraSi, aseve, meuRlesTan (TamarTan) da SvilTan (aleqsandresTan) 

erTad ixsenieba. xatma adgilmdebareoba ukanasknelad 

sabWour periodSi Seicvala – 1952 wlidan gelaTidan TbilisSi 

gadaitanes da dRemde xelovnebis istoriis muzeumSia daculi 

(sayvareliZe... 1980: 16; kavlelaSvili 2009: 223-224). 

119 

relze, magram giorgi merCule erTxelac ar axsenebs 

awyuris xats, maSinac ki, roca konteqsti amis SesaniSnav 

saSualebas aZlevda mas: `didi efrem, uwinarÀs mravliT 

wliT arsenisa, iqmna episkopos awyurisa saydarsa 

samcxes. xolo Semdgomad didi arseni kaTolike eklesiasa, 

qristÀs kuarTisa samkÂdrebelsa mcxeTas, qar- 

Tlisa kaTalikoz iqmna~ (Zeglebi I: 286). am TxzulebaSi 

arc awyuris xatis saswaulebi ixsenieba, samagierod, 

masSi xazgasmiTaa saubari efrem mawyverelis saswaulTmoqmedebis 

niWze: èfrem... Rirsebasa Sina ixilva 

mamakacebasa srulsa miwevnuli siwmidiTa, da siwmidesa 

Sina awyurisa episkoposi saswaulTa moqmedi. xolo 

episkoposobasa Sina miiwia moxucebulebasa keTilsa, 

da aResrula sakÂrvelebiT~ (Zeglebi I: 267). 

awyuris RvTismSoblis xatsa da saswaulebze araferia 

naTqvami `serapion zarzmelis cxovrebaSic~, romelic 

giorgi mawyverelze sakmaod vrcel informacias 

gvawvdis: `ganabrwyinva RmerTman didi igi mRdelTmoZRuari 

giorgi Suartyaleli, romelman daipyra saydari 

awyurisaÁ, rameTu ara jer-iyo cxedarsa queSe 

dafarvaÁ sanTelisaÁ. da Ãel-idva raÁ gangebaÁ samcxisaÁ, 

daawynara yoveli sabrZanebeli TÂsi, viTarca wesiyo, 

daipyra yoveli mamuli da eklesiani pirvelTa 

maT meSfoTeTani~ (Zeglebi I: 340). 

`qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ awyuris RvTismSoblis xatis 

saswaulebis Semcveli avTenturi cnobebidan yvelaze 

adreulia 1283 wlis miwisZvris dros xatis uvneblad 

gadarCenis epizodi, romelic JamTaaRmwerlis 

àswlovani matianeSia~ Setanili: 

`saydari awyuerisa daiqca, rameTu yovladwmida awyuerisa 

RmrTismSobeli, litaniobiT Sesuenebuli, saSual 

saydrisa esuena; gumbaTi CamoiWra, da viTar qudi kacisa, 

esreT Tavsa daerqua, da darCa uvnebelad, ZlierebiTave 

misiTa~ (qca II: 278). 

120

aRsaniSnavia, rom Zvel `qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ es 

aris erTaderTi adgili, romelic awyuris xatis saswaulmoqmedebas 

Seexeba da, rogorc Cans, swored am 

faqtma (xatis uvneblad gadarCenam) Seuwyo xeli awyuris 

RvTismSoblis saswaulmoqmedebebze zepiri gadmocemebis 

gavrcelebas. niSandoblivia isic, rom mocemuli 

saswauli qronologiurad emTxveva samZivarTa sagvareulos 

zeobis periods (XII-XV ss.). 

1283 wlis miwisZvris dros momxdari saswauli ar 

aris Setanili manuelis `TxrobaSi~, rac imaze metyvelebs, 

rom XIII-XIV saukuneebSi, roca JamTaaRmwerlis 

àswlovani matiane~ iwereboda, awyuris xatis saswaulTa 

cikli jer kidev ar iyo literaturulad gaformebuli 

da miwisZvris epizodi swored amitom ver 

moxvda teqstSi. aqedan gamomdinare, awyuris xatis 

matianis Sedgena ufro gvianaa sagulvebeli, rogorc 

amas m. brose varaudobda. 

`manuelis Txrobis~ daweris dros (1501-1504 ww.) 

awyuris xatis matiane ukve arsebobs da Targmnilia berZnul 

enaze. mesxuri gadmocemis garda, masSi warmodgenilia: 

herakle keisris droindeli qronika (VII s) da 

xatis tyveobidan gamoxsnis saswaulebi (XV s). ganvixiloT 

TiToeuli maTgani cal-calke: 

I. matianeSi mesxur gadmocemas qronologiurad 

agrZelebs herakle keisris mier RvTismSoblis xatis 

moxilvis epizodi, romelic àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ 

CanarTis saxiT SeutaniaT. am CanarTis mixedviT, 

herakle keisari 620 wels Cavida samcxeSi: 

èsma saswaulT-moqmedeba xatisa mis, romeli wmidasa 

RmrTismSobelsa gamoesaxa da mieca pirvelwodebulisa andriasTÂs, 

da mas moesvena da daesvenebina mciresa ekudersa 

Sina awyuers. movida keisari erakle xilvad da 

Tayuaniscemad xatisa mis. maSin iwyo erakle awyuers didisa 

saydrisa saZirkuelisa Cagdebad da Senebad, vidremdis 

121 

mieriTgan gansrulda morwmuneTa kacTa mier, da mier 

Seqmnes saepiskoposod~ (qca I: 224). 

`manuelis TxrobaSi~ heraklesdroindel qronikas 

amgvari saxe aqvs: 

`mefeTa Soris ganTqmuli berZenTa imperatori herakle, 

uRvTo sparselebis winaaRmdeg omidan modioda, roca, 

saRvTo SuriT aRvsebulma, safuZvlidan aRaSena es, rogorc 

amboben, warsulSi mcire [taZari] (igi dResac gvakvirvebs 

Tavisi mSvenierebiTa da sididiT) da wminda 

saboZvrad da Sesawirad miuZRvna deda RvTisas. Tumca 

erTi adgilobrivi mTavaric (τοπάρχης) sakmaod daexmara 

mas am taZris aRdgenasa da SemkobaSi. mravali sneuli da 

uZluri evedreboda RvTismSoblis wminda xats da myisve 

ikurneboda. [am xatma] maSin mravali saswauli moimoqmeda 

da dRemde Seeweva yvelas, vinc rwmeniT mimarTavs mas~. 

amrigad, manueli damatebiT aRniSnavs, rom sparselebTan 

omis Semdeg awyurSi sagangebod Casul herakle 

keisars awyuris taZris aRdgenaSi erTi adgilobrivi 

mTavaric (τοπάρχης) daexmara (bartikiani 1987: 80-81). 

damowmebuli cnobebi awyuris sakaTedro taZris 

mSeneblobas Seexeba da, SesaZloa, Zvel qronikalur 

Canawers (taZris samSeneblo warweras) emyarebodes. 

maTSi araferia saswaulebrivi (Tu ar CavTvliT berZnuli 

versiis daskvniT nawils), amitom awyuris xatis 

saswaulTa ciklis qarTvel avtors, matianis specifikidan 

gamomdinare, igi mesxuri gadmocemidan aRebuli 

iseTi niSandoblivi realiebiT ganuvrcia, rogoricaa: 

a) RvTismSoblis xatis saswaulebrivad gamosaxva; 

b) wm. andrias saqarTveloSi warmogzavna; 

g) xatis dasveneba awyuris Zvel eklesiaSi – `mcire 

ekuderSi~. 

am TvalsazrisiT, sainteresoa d. berZeniSvilis dakvirveba: 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ CanarTebi, dakavSirebuli 

andria pirvelwodebulis samcxesa da awyverSi 

122

moRvaweobasTan, aseve CanarTi herakle keisris saqar- 

TveloSi Semosvlis Sesaxeb gvafiqrebinebs, rom SesaZloa, 

maT erTi avtori hyavdeT. esaa samcxe-aWaris istoriuli 

geografiis detalebSi kargad garkveuli pirovneba, 

egebis mawyvereli episkoposic ki (andria `warmoemarTa~, 

`moiwia awyvers~)~ (berZeniSvili 2004: 82). 

mesxur gadmocemasa da heraklesdroindel qronika- 

Si dadasturebuli erTiani redaqtirebis kvali naTlad 

adasturebs, rom àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ redaqtorebs 

xelT aqvT awyuris xatis iseTive matiane, 

rogoric `manuelis TxrobaSia~ warmodgenili. amaze 

naTlad metyvelebs is garemoeba, rom vrceli awyuruli 

matianis yvela fragmenti (mesxuri gadmocema, 

heraklesdroindeli qronika da awyuris xatis tyveobidan 

gamoxsnis saswaulebi) àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

erTsa da imave – b baraTaSviliseul, p falavandiSviliseul 

(mxedrul) da B broseseul – nusxebSia 

warmodgenili. 

II. `manuelis TxrobaSi~ awyuris xatis Semdgomi istoria 

mxolod XV saukunis meore naxevridan grZeldeba, 

roca es siwminde uvneblad gaTavisuflda uzunhasanis 

tyveobidan. analogiuri suraTia `qarTlis 

cxovrebis~ CanarTebSic. 

awyuruli matianis am monakveTSi, kerZod, naTqvamia, 

rom 1477 wels, uzun-hasanis saqarTveloSi laSqrobis 

dros, awyuris xati pirvelad daatyveves, samcxe bnelma 

moicva da mesxebi qvemo iveriaSi gaixiznen. mesxTa 

devnuleba da xatis tyveoba Svid wels gagrZelda, gvauwyebs 

`Txroba manuelisa~ (bartikiani 1987: 79). qarTuli 

versia amatebs, rom xatis gamtacebel Turqmanebs 

male `risxva RmrTisa~ daatydaT Tavs: àrca Soba 

dedakacman, arca pirutyuman, arca hyo xeman nayofi, 

arca miwaman aRmoacena~. iranelma brZenkacebma (ùbrZenesTa 

kacTa~) daaskvnes, rom am ubedurebebis mizezi 

123 

datyvevebuli saswaulmoqmedi xati iyo, romelic nadavlSi 

ùRrmessa adgilsa bargisasa [esvena] da, viTarca 

ganTendis, aRmovidis siRrmisagan da maRlad 

mjdomare ixilvebodes da viTarca mze brwyinevdis~. 

saswaulSi bolomde dasarwmuneblad Turqmanebma xati 

uxedn kvics daakres da `viTarca daakres kicusa mas 

zeda wmida ese xati, esreT marTliad warmoemarTa 

gzasa samcxed momyvanebelsa, viTarca saCino mÃedari 

da aRÂriTa mpyrobeli da mmarTebeli~. tyveobidan 

RvTis gangebiT dabrunebulma xatma elvasaviT `gananaTla 

sruliad samcxe~ da im adgils, sadac es 

saswauli moxda, èlavsi~ uwodes (qca II: 480-481). 

manuel ritoris `TxrobaSi~ elavss elasi (Έλας) hqvia. 

saswaulis gadmocemisas SeiniSneba bibliuri interteqstis 

zegavlena, rasac yuradReba miaqcia z. kiknaZem: 

qarTlSi gaxiznulma mesxebma awyuris xatis mier 

ganaTebul samcxeSi dabruneba daapires, magram qarTlis 

mefe konstantine II akavebda maT, `viTarca odesme 

farao israelTa~ (kiknaZe 2000: 257-261) 78 . am mizezis 

gamo 1483 wels sofel aradeTTan samcxis aTabag yvaryvaresa 

da qarTlis mefes Soris brZola gaimarTa, 

romelSic mesxebma `gaimarjves~. awyureli mematiane 

maT `Zlevas~ RvTismSoblis xatis saswaulmoqmedebiT 

xsnis: 

àTabags da mesxT gaemarjua. da eseviTari Zleva 

aRadgines mesxTa qarTvelTa zeda, romlisa msgavsi ara 

sada smenil ars, da mosrnes mravalni warCinebulni 

mefisani. xolo mefe ltolvili mcirediTa mÃedriTa 

ganera da ukun iqca saxed TÂsad. xolo mesxni ukmoiqces 

ZlevaSemosilni mSÂdobiT da madidebelni yovladwmidisa 

RmrTismSobelisani, da movides samcxes~ (qca II: 481). 

` 

78 aseTive analogias mimarTavs `Txroba manuelisa~: `rogorc Zveli 

egviptelebi, romlebic ebraelebs qveynidan gasvlis saSualebas ar 

aZlevdnen~ (bartikiani 1987: 81). 

124

III. awyuruli matianis Semdgomi epizodia RvTismSoblis 

xatis gamoxsna uzun-hasanis Svilis, iayub 

yaenis, tyveobidan. 

iayubma awyuris RvTismSoblis xati 1486 wels gaitaca. 

es faqti farTod aisaxa mcire kinklosur qronikebSi: 

àqa yaeni movida, samcxe amoswyvides, axalcixe 

aiRes da awyuerisa RmrTismSobeli daatyveves~ _ A-85, 

XIII-XIV ss.; àqa iaRob yaeni movida, samcxe amoswyÂda, 

axalcixe aiRo, awyurisa RmrTismSobeli daatyueva~ _ 

H-1738, XVII s. (odiSeli 1968: 27, 47) 79 ... 

es kinklosuri qronikebi awyuris xatis saswaulebze 

miniSnebasac ar Seicaven, rac niSandoblivia, maTi 

kompaqturobidan gamomdinare. sxva viTarebaa awyurul 

matianeSi, romelic qronikas istoriuli faqtebiT, 

zepiri gadmocemiTa da saswaulebiT ganavrcobs. 

mesxi mematiane mogviTxrobs, rom iayub yaenis laSqarma 

mTeli awyuri gadawva, magram cixis aReba ver 

SeZlo. yaeni cixions Sehpirda, rom àra-ras avnebda 

maT~. mawyvereli episkoposi, mcvelebi da warCinebulebi 

motyuvdnen da cixis kliteebi ùRmrTosa mas 

mTavarsa miarTues~. magram mterma piroba gatexa: `xati 

yovladwmidisa, sasoisa Cuenisa, Semkobili TualTa 

mier patiosanTa, codvaTa CuenTagan tyue-hyves da mihguares 

usjulosa mas mTavarsa~. iayub-begma `ganZarcua 

Semkobileba xatisa~ da siwminde cecxlSi Caagdo, `xolo 

cecxli igi daSrta da xatsa yovladve ara Seexo~. 

ris Semdegac igi yaenis laSqarSi myofi erT-erTi 

qristianis, `sjuliTa aramarTlmadidebelis~ 80 , xelSi 

` 

79 iayub yaenis mier awyuris xatis `datyvevebas~ kinklosuri qronikebi 

1485 wliT aTariReben. mxolod H-1738 uTiTebs 1486 wels (odi- 

Seli 1968: 102). 

80 `Txroba manuelisa~ akonkretebs `sjuliTa aramarTlmadidebelis~ 

vinaobas: àm saswaulis TviTmxilvelma vinme somexma mRvdelma 

(τών Άρμενίων ίερεύς) farulad wamoasvena xati... masTan erTad 

awyurSi dabrunda da adgilobriv samRvdeloebas ficiT uyveboda 

momxdar saswauls~ (bartikiani 1987: 55, 83). 

125 

aRmoCnda. am ukanasknelma xati `queyanasa maTsa~ 

waasvena, ris Semdegac RvTismSobeli gamoecxada mas 

da uTxra: ùkueTu ara warmiyvano queyanasa Cemsa, didi 

boroti movawio Sen zeda~. SeSinebulma àramarTlmadidebelma~ 

(manuelis mixedviT – somexma mRvdelma) 

es ambavi acnoba samcxis aTabagebs, yvaryvaresa da 

manuCars, romlebmac xati gamoisyides da daabrunes 

`saydarsa TÂssa awyurisasa~. tyveobidan Tavdaxsnis 

Semdeg wminda xatma iayub yaens da mis ojaxs saSineli 

risxva moawia: isini sawamlavisgan èrTbamad moswydes 

erTsa Sina Jamsa sikvdiliTa salmobieriTa~. amowydnen 

yaenis naTesavebic – `romelnime maxÂliTa da sxuani 

sikudiliTa ucnauriTa~ (qca II: 482-484, 486). 

`manuelis Txroba~ am ambebidan ramdenime wlis 

Semdegaa dawerili. rogorc davinaxeT, is informaciulad 

avsebs awyuruli matianis àxal qarTlis 

cxovrebaSi~ warmodgenil fragmentebs da, amasTan 

erTad, xotbas asxams mesx mTavrebs _ yvaryvares, 

qaixosrosa da mzeWabuks: 

`marad mosagonarma, uaRresad marTlmorwmune da 

usaTnoesma batonma yvaryvarem, WeSmaritad keTilgonierma 

winamZRolma da mTeli zemo iveriis TviTmpyrobelma, moivazira 

or batonTan – Tavis sakvirvel SvilebTan, marad 

mosagonar qaixosrosTan da amJamadac mxned myof, upatiosnes, 

yovlismpyrobel, umamaces, sxva mravali keTili 

niWiT dajildovebul ivane mzeWabukTan da xalxs ubrZana, 

aeRoT qoneba da wasuliyvnen Zneladmisadgom adgilebSi, 

raTa mtris safrTxes ganridebodnen. Tavad ki, zemoT 

moxsenebul rCeul da sakvirvel SvilebTan da maT jar- 

Tan erTad, gadawyvita mTian da tyian adgilze darCeniliyo 

da iqidan edevnebina Tvali mtris gadaadgilebisTvis. 

radganac awyurSi iyo maRali da kldovani cixesimagre 

(ακροπολις), brZana, xalxi Tavisi qonebiT iq asuliyo, maT 

Soris iyo maSindeli episkoposi, taZris ZviradRirebul 

126

wminda saunjesTan da ZvirfaseulobiT Semkul wminda 

xatTan erTad~. 

amis Semdeg manuel ritori amxels `samgzis bilw 

episkoposs~, romelmac iayub yaens `cixis kliteebi 

gadasca~, xolo Semdeg vrclad saubrobs simeon 

mawyverelis Rirsebebze. 

IV. awyuruli matianis qarTul versias gaaCnia ori 

gviandeli danarTic, magram isini tipologiurad 

gansxvavdebian RvTismSoblis xatis tyveobidan gamoxsnis 

saswaulebisgan, radgan orive maTgani warmoadgens 

mcire qronikas da es qronikebi amgvarive saxiT 

moxvda àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ teqstSi: 

a) `qoronikonsa sld (234): awyuerisa RmrTismSobeli 

tyued waasuena cixisjuars imerel mefeman bagrat~ 

(qca II: 500), e. i. 1546 wels imereTis mefe bagrat 

III-m (1510-1565) xati awyuridan cixisjvarSi gadaasvena; 

b) àmasve qoronikonsa [sma (241)] cixisjuaridam awyurisa 

RmrTismSobeli tyued waasuenes imereTs~ (qca 

II: 501), e. i. 1553 wels awyuris xati ukve imereTSia81 . 

tendenciuri gamonaTqvamebi `tyued waasuena cixisjuars~, 

`tyued waasvenes imereTs~ mxolod da mxolod 

awyurSi SeiZleboda daweriliyo. niSandoblivia is 

faqti, rom awyuris xatis matianeSi SeiniSneba mesxuri 

separatizmis sxva niSnebic. magaliTad, tyveobidan dabrunebul 

xats Tavisuflad SeeZlo gaenaTebina sruliad 

saqarTvelo, magram avtori gvauwyebs, rom man `gana- 

` 

81 awyuris xatma gelaTSi sabolood 1562 wels daivana, amitom 

niSandoblivia, rom mesxuri gadmocemis pirveli ilustracia 

(àndria mociquli awyuris xatiT xelSi~) swored gelaTSi gamosaxes. 

freska Sesrulebulia dasavleTi saqarTvelos kaTalikospatriarqis 

zaqaria qvarianis dakveTiT, 1657-1660 wlebSi. wm. andrias 

gelaTuri freska naTlad gvidasturebs, rom XVII saukuneSi mesxur 

gadmocemas imereTSic kargad icnobdnen. samwuxarod, im dros, roca 

gelaTis sakaTedro taZarSi mesxuri gadmocemis ilustracias 

gamosaxavdnen, awyuris eparqia ukve aRar funqcionirebda, osmalebis 

mier dapyrobil samcxe-saaTabagoSi ki islami vrceldeboda. 

127 

naTla sruliad samcxe~. garda amisa, mesxi mematiane 

aRtacebulia imiT, rom aradeTis brZolis dros 

`Zleva aRadgines mesxTa qarTvelTa zeda, romlisa 

msgavsi ara sada smenil ars~. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, 

separatizmis kvali ufro sagrZnobia mesxur gadmocemaSi. 

ase rom, kuTxuri mikerZoeba awyuris xatis 

matianisa da masSi Semavali mesxuri gadmocemis erTerTi 

mTavari damaxasiaTebeli niSania. 

zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, SeiZleba davaskvnaT: 

1) mesxuri gadmocemis calkeuli elementebi folkloruli 

warmomavlobisaa da maT ganviTarebaSi calke 

unda gamoiyos samZivarTa zeobis periodi (XII-XV ss.); 

2) samcxis separaciis periodSi (XIII-XV ss.) warmoiqmna 

`mimoslvis~ pirveli qarTuli redaqcia, romelmac 

xelsayreli pirobebi Seqmna mesxuri gadmocemis 

literaturuli versiis CamoyalibebisaTvis; 

3) awyuris xatis matiane (da masSi Semavali mesxuri 

gadmocema) literaturulad gaformda 1486-1500 

wlebSi, xolo 1500-1501 wlebSi igi iTargmna berZnulad 

da es Targmani daedo safuZvlad `manuelis Txrobas~; 

4) 1501-1516 wlebSi Seiqmna mesxuri gadmocemis 

mzeWabukisdroindeli redaqcia, romelSic Seitanes mociqulTa 

wilisyraSi RvTismSoblis monawileobisa da 

awyuris xatis xelTuqmnelad gamosaxvis epizodebi; 

5) awyuris xatis matianis avtoria awyureli moRvawe, 

SesaZloa, episkoposic, xolo damkveTebi – samcxis 

aTabagebi: yvaryvare da mzeWabuki; 

6) mesxuri gadmocemis ZiriTadi literaturuli 

wyaroebia saRvTo werili, àvgarozis epistole~ da 

àndria mociqulis mimoslvis~ efTvimeseuli Targmani. 

es ukanaskneli gadmocemaSi tendenciurad, separatistuli 

suliskveTebiTaa gadamuSavebuli (sosangeTi 

gaigivebulia awyurTan, SeTxzulia pirveli mawyvereli 

episkoposis wm. andrias mier xeldaxmis epizodi); 

128

7) awyuris xatis qarTulma matianem dasrulebuli 

saxe miiRo ori mcire qronikis darTviT, 1546-1562 

wlebSi: 1546 wels awyuris RvTismSoblis xati cixisjuarSi 

iyo `datyvevebuli~, xolo 1553-1562 wlebidan – 

imereTSi. Tanac, mesxur gadmocemaSi gatarebuli azris 

Tanaxmad, es siwminde mesxeTSi unda dasvenebuliyo 

`mkÂdrad ukunisamde JamTa~ (qca I: 42); 

8) XVIII saukunis 60-ian wlebSi awyuris xatis matiane 

daanawevres da àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ Sesabamis 

qronologiur monakveTebSi Seitanes. matianem swored 

am dros ganicada ukanaskneli redaqciuli cvlilebebi: 

mesxur gadmocemas moakveces dasawyisi da 

dasasruli, igi nawilobriv gantvirTes kuTxuri tendenciebisgan 

(gansakuTrebiT, RvTismSoblisadmi samcxis 

wilxvdomilobis sakiTxSi) da teqstSi Seitanes 

mcire koreqtivebi. 

129 

Teimuraz batoniSvilis ìstoria iveriisa~ 

Teimuraz batoniSvilis ìstoria dawyebiTgan iveriisa~ 

sxvadasxva wyaros eyrdnoba, rogorc werilobiTs, 

ise zepirs. amis Taobaze avtori naSromis SesavalSi 

wers: `vrclad da dawvrilebiT moTxrobasa istoriisasa 

Tana-aZs, raTa ara datevebul iqmnes arca erTi 

raÁca raÁ iyos aRwerilni, gina Tqmulni sxvaTa da 

sxvaTa moTxrobaTagan~ (Teimuraz batoniSvili 1848: 1). 

samociqulo qadagebis aRweras ìstoriis~ calke 

Tavi eZRvneba: `moslvisaTÂs da qadagebisa wmindaTa didebulTa 

da yovlad qebulTa mociqulTa andria pirvelwodebulisa 

da sÂmeon kananelisa~ (gv. 141-148), Tumca 

mociqulTa Sesaxeb cnobebs aderki mefisadmi miZRvnil 

TavSic vxvdebiT. 

sagulisxmoa, rom Teimurazi aderki mefis qronikas 

àvgarozis~ ciklTan akavSirebs: 

`moiyvana mefeman aderki asuli edesisa mefisa avgarozisa 

da qmna qorwili Cinebuli, iSvebda da ixarebda da 

iyo yoveli iveria gancxromiT mSvidobasa da warmatebasa 

Sina~ (gv. 135). 

aderki mefis82 gamocxadeba pirveli qristiani 

mmarTvelis – avgarozis siZed ìveriis istorias~ Zvel 

somxur istoriografiul tradiciasTan anaTesavebs. 

movses xorenacis `somxeTis istoriis~ mixedviT, 

avgarozi tomiT somexia, mis epistoles ki macxovars 

andria da filipe mociqulebi gadascemen, riTac som- 

` 

82 Teimurazi qristes Tanamedrove qarTveli mefis, aderkis, reabilitirebas 

cdilobs. Tuki leonti mrovelis `mefeTa cxovrebis~ 

mixedviT, aderki qristianTa mdevnelia (qca I: 42). ìveriis istoriis~ 

mixedviT, mas mociqulebisTvis winaaRmdegobac ki ar gauwevia: 

`TumcaRa wmidaTa saRmrToTa mociqulTa hqadages da moaqcivnes 

mravalni da mas Jamsa arca mefeman aderkim uqmna maT winaaRmdegi 

raÁme... ese ara abrkolebda wmidaTa amaT mociqulTa qadagebasa~ (gv. 

144). garda amisa, Teimurazis mtkicebiT, saqarTveloSi kerpTmsaxureba 

aderkim ki ara, misma Semdgomma mefeebma aRadgines. 

130

xur àvgarozSi~ ioanes saxarebis cnobili epizodis 

(12.20-22) armenocentristuli interpretaciaa mocemuli: 

`[avgarozis] baraTis wamRebni Sexvdnen qristes ierusalimSi, 

rasac adasturebs saxarebis sityvebic: `movidnen 

masTan vinme warmarTTagannio~, (naTqvamia) iq, ver gabedes 

iesosaTvis gadaecaT danabarebi, mxolod filipesa da 

andrias gaandes is; maT ki iesos moaxsenes~ (xorenaci 1984: 

126). 

cxadia, xorenacis mier damowmebuli sityvebidan 

sulac ar gamomdinareobs, rom saxarebaSi naxsenebi 

warmarTebi (wminda werilSia - `‛Ελληνες~, romelic 

qristianul egzegetikaSi berZen warmarTTa sinonimad 

gaiazreboda) maincdamainc edesis, miT ufro, somexTa 

mefis wargzavnilebi iyvnen (xorenaci 1984: 270). Tumca 

am SemTxvevaSi CvenTvis isaa mTavari, rom wminda werilis 

Sesabamisi adgilis Tavisufal interpretacias 

Teimurazic mimarTavs da mociqulTa saxelebi `ninos 

cxovrebis~ literaturul ciklSi Seaqvs, kerZod, qristes 

kvarTis epizodis win: 

òdes miiwiva elioz ierusalimad (hsweren romelnime 

momTxrobelni Cvenisa saqarTveloÁsa eklesiisani), mivida 

elioz filippe mociqulisTana aTormetTaganisa (vinaÁTgan 

elioz uwinaresca Jamisa mis yofil iyo ierusalimad 

da icnobda mas filipe); xolo filipem wariyvana 

moyvsebiTurT misiT mociqulisa andrias Tana. `da movides 

andria da filipe da hrqves iesos, vinaÁTgan surdaT maT 

xilvaÁ misi da ixiles~ (gv. 18). 

bibliur pirvelwyaros Teimurazi sqolioSi uTi- 

Tebs: `saxareba ioane 12.20~. bunebrivia, man kargad icis, 

rom ioanes saxarebaSi sul sxva ram weria: iesos naxva 

`berZnebma~ moisurves da maTi TxovniT filipe da 

andria mociqulebi macxovarTan mividnen, romelmac 

maT uTxra, rom `moiwia Jami raÁTa ididos Ze kacisaÁ~ 

(ioane 12.20-23). amis miuxedavad, ìveriis istoriis~ 

131 

avtori saxarebiseuli epizodis qarTul erovnul tradiciasTan 

dakavSirebas bolomde cdilobs da ganmartavs, 

rom elioz mcxeTelma da misma `moyvsebma~ ieso 

qristesTan Sexvedrac ki SeZles: 

`TumcaRa wmidasa saxarebasa Sina cxadad ara weril 

ars, romel ixilao igini ieso, magram Zali gulisxmisyofis 

asaCinoebs, romel ixiles maT ieso~. 

Teimurazi gacilebiT met Tavisuflebas avlens 

qarTuli wyaroebis interpretaciis dros, rasac `wm. 

andrias mimoslvis~ miseuli redaqcia adasturebs. 

rogorc zemoT davinaxeT, mesxuri gadmocemis separatistuli 

tendenciebisgan bolomde ganwmenda àxali 

qarTlis cxovrebis~ redaqtorebma ver SeZles. maT 

mxolod nawilobriv gadaamuSaves igi, gansakuTrebiT, 

saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomis epizodi, 

romelic pirvelad mzeWabukisdroindel redaqciaSi 

gvxvdeba. sxva mxriv, àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ 

gadmocemidan TiTqmis ucvlelad gadavida mesxuri 

`separatistuli TviTSegnebis~ yvela elementi. 

mesxuri gadmocemis gadamuSavebis Semdgom etaps 

Teimuraz batoniSvilis ìveriis istoria~ qmnis, romelSic 

aRniSnuli gadmocemis pirveli nawili Ziri- 

Tadad àxali qarTlis cxovrebiseuli~ redaqciiTaa 

warmodgenili. amaze migvaniSnebs RvTismSoblis mier 

andria mociqulis saqarTveloSi warmogzavna Tavis 

xatTan erTad (rogorc ukve gavarkvieT, es motivebi 

mxolod mesxuri gadmocemisTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli): 

òdes amaRlda qriste zecad... iyares wili mociqulTa TÂs 

Soris83 ... maSin Jamsa mas mun iyofoda maTTana dedaca RuTisa... da 

dasdves wilica misi Soris wilTa TvisTa, wil igdes da xvda 

dedasa RuTisasa wilad TÂsad iveria (romel ars saqarTvelo) 84 . 

` 

83 Sdr.: `da Semdgomad amaRlebisa uflisa, raJams wil-igdes mociqulTa~ 

(mesxuri gadmocema – qca I: 38). 

84 Sdr.: `maSin yovladwmidasa RmrTismSobelsa wilad xuda moqcevad 

queyana saqarTvelosa~ (qca I: 38). 

132

xolo odes warvidodes mociqulni TviToeulTa kerZoTa, maSin 

ineba Semdgomad wmidamanca RuTismSobelman warslva iveriad... maSin 

miugo mas ufalman da hrqva: `dedao, sitkboebao soflisao, kma ars 

Sroma ege Seni da gulsmodgineba siyvarulisaTvis mxolodSobilisa 

Zisa Senisa da aw viTxov me Sen mier, raTa daadgre aqave 

ierusalems, vidremde migiyvanebde Sen didebasa Sina mamisa Cemisasa 

da yovladwmidisa sulisasa CemTana ganuSoreblad. xolo nacvlad 

Sensa ubrZane mociqulsa andrias da simeons erdgulTa mowafeTa 

CemTa da igini warvidnen, sadaca genebos, da hqadagon saxeli 

Cemi~ 85 ... da misca maT dedaman RuTisaman xati TÂsi86 , akurTxna da 

warmoavlinna igini iveriad nacvlad TÂsad, raTa hqadagon ZeÁ misi 

da amis mizezisaTvis ewodebis iveriasa (ese igi sruliad 

saqarTvelosa) wilxdomili eri da qveyana misi~ (gv. 141-142). 

Teimurazi sxvadasxva wyaroze dayrdnobiT qmnis 

mocemuli epizodis vrcel redaqcias: 

1) batoniSvilis naSromis mixedviT, RvTismSobeli 

saqarTveloSi andria mociqulTan erTad simon kananels 

gzavnis. Teimurazi leonti mrovelis `mefeTa 

cxovrebas~ mihyveba da wers, rom wm. andria da wm. 

simoni erTad qadagebdnen kolxeTsa da afxazeTSi: 

`qvemosa Sina saqarTvelosa, kolxidad, adgilsa mengrelTa 

da afxazTasa, qalaqad nikofsiad~; 

` 

85 Sdr.: `maSin rqua yovladwmidaman mociqulsa andrias: `Svilo andria, 

didad uCns sulsa Cemsa, romel queyanasa mas nawilsa Cemsa 

ara qadagebul ars saxeli Zisa Cemisa. odes warvemarTe qadagebad 

Zisa Cemisa queyanasa mas, wilad Cemda xuedrebulsa, maSin 

gamomecxada saxieri Ze Cemi da RmerTi, da mibrZana, raTa Sen 

warxÂde da warasueno saxe Cemi da saxierisa Zisa Cemisa queyanasa, 

Cemda wilxdomilsa, raTa me viyo ganmgebel cxovrebisa maTisa, 

xeli aRupyra da Sevewio maT, da aravin mterTagani mZle eqmnas 

maT~ (qca I: 38). 

86 Sdr.: `rqua mas mociqulman: `yovladwmidao, neba saxierisa Zisa 

Senisa da Seni iyavn yovelsa Jamsa~ maSin yovladwmidaman moiTxova 

ficari, daibana piri da daidva pirsa zeda TÂssa. da gamoisaxa xati 

eseviTari, romel wiaRTa TÂsTa etÂrTa ganÃorcielebuli CCÂli, 

yovlad saxieri sityua RmrTisa, romel aw yovelTa mier saxilvel 

ars xati yovladwmidisa awyuerisa RvTismSobelisa. da misca igi 

mociqulsa andrias~ (qca I: 38). 

133 

2) aseve `mefeTa cxovrebis~ kvalad, teqstSi ar 

ixsenieba mataTa mociquli, romelic andria pirvelwodebulTan 

da simon kananelTan erTad qadagebda saqarTveloSi; 

3) Teimurazi arafers ambobs RvTismSoblis xatis 

xelTuqmnelobaze, arc mis gamosaxvaze luka maxareblis 

mier, riTac cvlis mesxuri gadmocemis cnobili 

epizodis Sinaarss da sruliad axleburad gadaiazrebs 

awyuris xatis Temas. 

Tavdapirvelad avtori wers, rom deda RvTisam 

Tavisi xati andria pirvelwodebulsa da simon kananels 

gadasca, Semdeg ki teqstSi mxolod wm. andrias 

ixseniebs. yvelaze mniSvnelovani ki isaa, rom andria 

mociquli xats awyuris nacvlad biWvinTaSi avanebs 87 : 

`xolo odes miiqca mociquli andria iveriad, xati 

igi dedisa RuTisa vedrebiTa muneburTa erTaTa dauteva 

mun biWvintas; xolo biWvintisa RuTismSoblisa xati, 

romelica asvenies awca quemosa saqarTvelosa Sina, 

maxlobelad quTaisis qalaqisa, monastersa samitropolitos 

genaTlias (ese igi gelaTs), romelica ars 

friad mravliTa simdidriTa Semkul Rirssaxsovarisa me- 

` 

87 biWvinTa qristianobis erT-erTi uZvelesi keraa saqarTveloSi. bi- 

WvinTis episkoposi stratofile eswreboda nikeis pirvel msoflio 

krebas (325 w.). amave saukunisaa biWvinTis uZvelesi taZari, romlis 

adgilzec V saukuneSi samnaviani bazilika aages. VI-VII saukuneebSi 

biWvinTa gavlenas kargavs, magram afxazeTis samefos Seqmnam misi 

mniSvneloba isev gazarda. X-XI saukuneSi aSenda biWvinTis 

RvTismSoblis didi jvar-gumbaTovani taZari, romelic 1519 wlamde 

warmoadgenda afxazeTis kaTalikosis saydars (diasamiZe 2001: 90-116). 

wm. andria pirvelwodebulis qadagebis marSrutSi biWvinTa gviandel 

periodamde ar figurirebs. yvelaze adreuli gadmocemebi XVII 

saukuneSia Cawerili frangi mogzauris Jan Sardenisa da kaTolike 

misioneris don qristoforo de kastelis mier. am gadmocemebis 

mixedviT, biWvinTis taZari andria pirvelwodebulma aago da misive 

saxels atarebda. wminda mociqulis sikvdiliT dasjis dros ki 

eklesiis win aRmarTuli marmarilos svetidan mduRare wylis 

nakadi gadmoiRvara, romelic mxolod wmindanisadmi locvavedrebiT 

SeuCerebiaT. am saswaulis gamo andrias svets did pativs 

miagebdnen (bubulaSvili 2007: 187). 

134

fisa bagrat meoTxisagan, sruliad iveriis TÂTmpyrobelisa, 

daviTian-bagratovanisa, ityvian mas xatsa, romel 

igi ars romelica mociqulman andria moasvena TÂT da anu 

ars igi ueWvelad originali xatisa misgan gardamoxatuli~ 

(Teimuraz batoniSvili 1848: 145-146). 

Sesabamisad, icvleba mesxuri gadmocemis geografiac 

da movlenebis epicentri awyuridan biWvinTaSi 

gadadis. swored biWvinTaSi sZlevs xati warmarTul 

kerpebs. marTalia, es ar xdeba apolonisa da artemidas 

bomonSi, magram kerpTa Semusrvis saswauli TiTqmis 

sityva-sityviT misdevs àxal qarTlis cxovrebas~: 

mesxuri gadmocema istoria iveriisa 

`Seasvenes xati yovladwmidisa 

RvTismSoblisa Sua kerpTa maT- 

Ta da dabeWdes karsa zeda, da 

mcvelni daadginnes da iwyes 

locvad mRudelTa maT sicruvisaTa. 

da wmidaman iloca 

qristes mimarT WeSmaritisa 

RvTisa Cuenisa. da viTarca 

ganTena da ganaRes kari sakerposa, 

ixilnes yovelni kerpni 

maTni queyanad daTxeulni da 

saxed mtuerisa Semusrvilni. 

xolo xati yovladwmidisa 

RvTismSoblisa brwyinvida, viTarca 

mze, didebiTa da pativi- 

Ta... 

da yovelman erman madlobisa 

xma aRmouteves da Tques, viTarmed: 

`did ars RmerTi qristeaneTa, 

romelsa mociquli an- 

135 

`dasdva mociqulman TÂT winaSe 

kerpTa maT xati igi sauflo, 

gamovides gare da daxSes gare 

karni da dabeWdes beWdiTa da 

daadginnes mcvelni mrgvliv 

bomonisa mis da zRudisa da 

karTa da ilocvida mociquli 

Ramesa mas Sina vidre gaTenebadmde... 

egreTve kerpTa igi 

mRdelni evedrebodes kerpTa 

TÂsTa... xolo ganTena ra... 

ganaxvnes karni da ixilnes 

yovelni igi kerpni Semusrvilni 

da dawvlilebulni da 

xati dedisa RuTisa ganbrwyinvebuli, 

viTarca mze... 

ixila ra erman sakvirvelebaÁ, 

hrwmenaT qristesi... da etyodes 

mociqulsa: `namdvil igi ars 

RmerTi, qadagebuli Sen mier~. 

dria qadagebs~. 

...da sixaruliT naTels-iRes 

yovelTa...~ (qca I: 41). 

136 

da naTelsca mas dResa mociqulman 

andria sulsa vidre 

aTas oTxassa~ (gv. 144-145). 

qvrivis mkvdari Zis gacocxlebis saswaulze Teimurazi 

mokled wers – erTi winadadebiT, raRa Tqma 

unda, qvrivi samZivris xsenebis gareSe: `naTelsca mas 

dResa Sina (e. i. kerpTa Zlevis dRes) mociqulman 

andria sulsa vidre aTas oTxassa da Semdgomad missa 

aRadgina mkvdari~ (Teimuraz batoniSvili 1848: 144-145). 

sruliad naTelia, rom Teimurazi mociqulTa saqarTveloSi 

qadagebis aRwerisas cdilobs mesxuri 

tradiciis ignorirebas, riTac àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

urbnul redaqciaSi dadasturebul tendencias 

aviTarebs. amaze metyvelebs is faqtic, rom mociqulTa 

mesxeTSi mimosvlas igi gakvriT axsenebs, Tanac, nikofsiis 

eklesiis mSeneblobis Semdeg. didaWaras, awyursa 

da iq agebul eklesiebs ki Teimurazi, rogorc Cans, 

`sxvaTa romelTame adgilTa~ Soris gulisxmobs: 

àndriam da simon aRaSenesca ekklesiani nikofsias da 

sxvaTa romelTame adgilTa saqarTveloÁsaTa da hqadages 

mesxTa da javaxTaca Soris, da munca moaqcines mravalni 

(xolo adgilni ese mesxTa da javaxTa ars nawilni zemo 

qarTlisani)~ (gv. 144). 

wm. andria, ìveriis istoriis~ mixedviT, kolxeTisa 

da afxazeTis Semdeg qarTl-kaxeTSi gadadis. naSromSi 

amasTan erTad aRwerilia mociqulis qadageba Crdilo 

kavkasiis tomTa Soris. 

Teimurazi aRmosavleTi saqarTvelos konkretul 

adgilebs asaxelebs, riTac axal safexurze ahyavs urbnul 

redaqciaSi ganviTarebuli Tvalsazrisi. ìveriis 

istoriis~ es monakveTi sakmaod vrcelia, magram im Ta-

viseburebebisa da siaxlis gamo, romelsac is Seicavs, 

teqsts srulad vimowmebT: 

`mociqulman andria kavkasiisa mTaTa Sina mcxovrebTa movlo 

romelnime adgilni, gamovlo qarTli, moiwia mcxeTad; aramed 

aravis ganecxada mun mravalTa da arca Sevida qalaqsa Sina 

mcxeTisasa; aramed pirispir mcxeTisa gaRmid mdinarisa aragvsa 

aRvida mTasa mas zeda, romelsaca zeda ars monasteri jvarisa 

cxovelsmyofelisa (romelsaca jaWvis monastrad saxeledebis) da 

mwvervalsa mas gorisasa aRmarTa jvari da dauteva da warvida 

muniT kaxeTisa kerZoTa da Sevida Sinagan kaxeTisa, ganxda mdinaresa 

didsa iorsa (ese igi alaznisa mdinaresa) da movida grems da 

aRmarTa munca jvari mciresa mas mwvervalsa zeda gorisasa, sada 

igi ars aq eklesia mixail-mTavarangelozisa, romeli iyo Zvelad 

monasteri da ars igi samarxo mefeTa da muniT gaRmamxris gziT, 

kavkasiuriT gziT, ganvlo didoeTi da mravalni adgilni lekTani 

movlno da hqadaga adgilTa maT da andriad wodebulsa qalaqsa 

Sina kavkasiursa hqadaga sityva RuTisa (muniT JamiTgan ewoda 

adgilsa mas andria), muniT moiqca qristeTis gziT da movida xevsa 

mTiuleTisasa lomekis mdinaresa zeda (romelsa aw saxel-sdeben 

Tergad) da aRvida Zirsa saSinelisa mis kavkasiurisa mTisa, 

romelsa ewodebis myinvari (romelsaca zeda hgian saukuniTganni 

myinvarni da Tovlni ganuzomelni) maRalsa mTasa zeda, sada-igi 

ars Camoswvriv Ziri misi, aRmarTa mun jvari, ars adgilsa mas daba 

da adgilsa mas, sada-igi jvari aRmarTa wmidaman aman mociqulman 

aw ars ekklesia didi monasteri wmindisa mociqulisa pirvelmowamisa 

stefanesi. 

muniT kvalad Sevida wmida ese mociquli kavkasiad, davlo da 

hqadaga mravalTa adgilTa da STavida kvalad megreliad da 

afxazeTad da muniT miiqca da warvida sxvaTa quÀyanaTa da 

kerZoTa~ (Teimuraz batoniSvili 1848: 142-143). 

am cnobebis Semdeg Teimurazi erTaderT istoriul 

wyaros – nikita-daviT paflagonielis àndria 

mociqulis mimoslvas~ – asaxelebs, magram cxadia, am 

137 

SemTxvevaSi igi ZiriTadad zepir gadmocemas emyareba, 

zogierT tradicias ki Tavad uyris safuZvels88. Teimuraz batoniSvilis koncefcia, gansakuTrebiT, 

mesxuri gadmocemisadmi misi kritikuli damokidebuleba, 

XIX saukunis mecnierebma ar gaiziares. isini arafers 

amboben wm. andrias qarTl-kaxeTSi (mcxeTaSi, 

gremsa da stefanwmindaSi) mimosvlaze, mociqulTa saqarTveloSi 

qadagebis aRwerisas ki, ZiriTadad, àxal 

qarTlis cxovrebas~ eyrdnobian da centralur adgils 

mesxur gadmocemas uTmoben (brose 1895: 33-34; 

baqraZe 1889: 107-109). 

msgavsi suraTia XIX saukunis mxatvrul literaturaSic. 

akaki wereTlis poema àndria pirvelwodebuli~ 

(1883 w.) umTavresad àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ broseseul 

gamocemas emyareba (fruiZe 2002: 18-21). sagulisxmoa, 

rom poemaSi ìveriis istoriacaa~ gamoyenebuli, 

magram ara ZiriTadi ambis gadmocemisas, aramed boCos 

kerpis daxasiaTebis dros: 

`SvidTavas da Svidxelas, 

qarTlis gamomsaxvelad, 

boCo kerps aRmerTebdnen 

Cveni mamebi Zvelad~ (akaki 1940: 79). 

Sdr.: `boCi sakuTari RmerTi iyo uZvelesTa qarTvel- 

Ta. boCisasa ityodes amas: esxnes SÂdni Ãelni, romliTaca 

` 

88 saqarTvelos sxvadasxva kuTxeSi wm. andrias Sesaxeb lokaluri 

gadmocemebi dResac cocxlobs. magaliTad, samegreloSi Cawerili 

eTnografiuli masalis mixedviT, martvilSi mociqulma Semusra muxasTan 

aRmarTuli kerpi kapunia da mis nacvlad jvari aRmarTa, 

xolo muxis ficrebisgan eklesia aaSena (RambaSiZe 2001: 93). am gadmocemis 

adreul variantSi SeiniSneba qarTul literaturul tradiciis 

kvali: `trapezi martvilis eklesiisa dadgmulia im muxis 

Zirze, romelic mohkveTa andria mociqulma, odes megrelni moaqcia~ 

(TayaiSvili 1914: 39). `muxis Zirze~ trapezis dadgma gvagonebs sveticxovlis 

aRmarTvas `xarisxsave TÂssa zeda~, xolo qronologiuri 

orientiri – òdes [andria mociqulma] megrelni moaqcia~ – 

gulisxmobs wm. andrias saqarTveloSi qadagebis amsaxvel literaturul 

cikls, pirvel rigSi ki, aderki mefis qronikas (`qarTlis 

cxovreba~). 

138

Ãelmwifebda TÂToeuliTa ÃeliTa TÂToeulTa umaRlesTa 

maT yovelTa sxvaTa mwvervalTagan da TÂToeulsa Ãelsa 

missa aqvnda TÂTo feri Ãelmwifeba mofenad sargeblobisa 

wyalobisa, gina risxvisa. ese sakuTari qarTvelTa aris, 

romelica uvidodaT saesvaT... egesaxedve SÂdni Ãelni 

boCisani niSnvniden SÂdTa naTesaobaTa TargamosianTasa: 1) 

qarTlosisa da sxvaTa eqvsTa ZmaTa misTa, romelnica 

iyvnes erT sazogadooba da Ãelisa qveSe qarTlosisa. 2) 

egrosis. 3) movakosisa. 4) herosisasa. 5) bardosisa. 6) 

lekosisa. 7) kavkasosisa. ese SÂdni naTesavni arian erni 

giorgiisa, ese igi saqarTveloisa anu iveriisa, romelnica 

pirvel yovelnive erT-er da erT-ena iyvnes da yovelnive 

qarTulisa momzraxni~ (gv. 51). 

es faqti gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa. akakisTvis 

mimzidveli aRmoCnda boCos kerpis qarTuli warmomavloba, 

radgan igi, Teimurazis TqmiT, `sakuTari RmerTi 

iyo uZvelesTa qarTvelTa~ da Tavisi Svidi xeliT 

Targamosis Svid Zes (qarTlosis meTaurobiT da 

haosis gamoklebiT) – sruliad saqarTvelos ganasaxovnebda, 

anu, akakis sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, `qarTlis 

gamomsaxveli~ iyo. amis gamo Caanacvla poetma boCo 

apolonisa da artemidas berZnul kerpebs. sxva mxriv, 

akaki wereTelma poema àndria pirvelwodebulis~ 

ZiriTadi realiebi mesxuri gadmocemidan gadmoitana, 

ìveriis istoriis~ monacemebi ki ugulebelyo. 

139 

ZiriTadi daskvnebi 

uZvelesi cnobebi wm. andria pirvelwodebulis misioneruli 

moRvaweobis Sesaxeb daculia apokriful 

literaturaSi, romelSic aRniSnuli sakiTxis Taobaze 

ori gansxvavebuli tradicia Camoyalibda. teqstebis 

erT nawilSi mociqulis qadageba daukavSirda SavizRvispireTis 

qveynebs, xolo meore nawilSi – skviTeTs. 

saqarTvelo orive misionerul marSrutSi Sedioda, 

amitom romaeli da bizantieli avtorebi akonkreteben 

wm. andrias qadagebis iberiul-kavkasiur monakveTs da 

masSi SeaqvT saqarTvelos SavizRvispireTi, misi 

momijnave regionebi, Zveli berZnuli axalSenebi da 

romauli samyaros strategiuli centrebi: trapezunti 

(lazikis qalaqi), fazisi (Woroxi), afsarelTa banaki 

(gonio), eTiopia (kolxeTi), iberia, susania, fusta, 

afxazeTi, sebastopolisi (soxumi) da nikofsi. 

yvelaze adreuli cnobebi wm. andrias saqarTvelo- 

Si qadagebis Sesaxeb im qarTul TargmanebSi fiqsirdeba, 

romlebic `mravalTavebSi~ (V-VI ss.) Seitanes. amis 

dasturia `klarjuli mravalTavi~ (X s.), romlis mixedviTac, 

wm. andriam iqadaga sebastielTa qalaqSi, afsarelTa 

banakSi, md. fazisis (Woroxis) auzsa da eTiopielTa 

(kolxTa) Soris. igive misioneruli marSrutia 

miTiTebuli fsevdo-basilis Txzulebis `micvalebaÁ 

yovladwmidisa mariamisi~ Zvel qarTul TargmanSi. 

mociqulis saqarTveloSi qadagebis Sesaxeb arsebuli 

uZvelesi literaturuli tradiciis gamoZaxils 

qarTul originalur Zeglebs Soris pirvelad àbos 

wamebaSi~ vxvdebiT. 

1011 wels efTvime aTonelma (955-1028) Targmna nikita-daviT 

paflagonielis (IX s.) àndria mociqulis 

mimoslva~, kanonikuri hagiografiuli teqsti, romelic 

adasturebs, rom saqarTveloSi qristianoba iqadaga 

140

samma mociqulma: andria pirvelwodebulma, simon kananelma 

da mataTam. faqtobrivad, `mimoslva~ saqarTvelos 

eklesiis avtokefaliasTan da mociqulTa qadagebasTan 

dakavSirebul yvela kiTxvas scemda pasuxs, 

amitom Semdgomi drois qarTveli avtorebi, romlebic 

wm. andrias qadagebaze werdnen, swored am teqsts 

emyarebodnen. 

giorgi mTawmidelma (1009-1066) Teodosi antioqiel 

patriarqTan disputis dros (1057) `mimoslvis~ berZnuli 

dedani saqarTvelos eklesiis samociqulo xasiaTisa 

da avtokefaliis dasacavad gamoiyena. 

XI saukunis meore naxevarSi leonti mrovelma 

mociqulTa qadagebaze informacia saqarTvelos oficialur 

istoriaSi – `qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ Seitana da 

ZiriTadi aqcenti dasavleTi saqarTvelos (egrisisa da 

afxazeTis) moqcevaze gadaitana. amasTanave, daazusta, 

rom `mimoslvaSi~ naxsenebi gamonaTqvami `vidre mdinaredmde 

Woroxisa~ gulisxmobs wm. andrias qadagebas 

`gzasa klarjeTisasa~. 

arsen berma, amave logikiT, mociqulis misionerul 

marSrutSi Woroxis auzis kidev erTi provincia – 

`soflebi nigalisa~ daasaxela da amiT `mimoslvis~ 

teqstis `sosangelTa soflis~ adgilmdebareoba ganmarta 

(`ninos cxovrebis~ metafrasuli redaqcia). 

leonti mrovelis tradicia ganaviTara ioane 

anCelmac, romlis himnografiuli kanonis – `galobani 

anCis xatisanis~ mixedviT, andria mociqulma klarjeTSi 

Semoiyvana hierapolisuri keramidionis memkvidre 

anCis xati. anCeli mTavarepiskoposis am originalur 

ideas wanamZRvrebi eZebneba àvgarozis epistolesa~ 

da àndria mociqulis mimoslvaSi~. 

leonti mrovelis `mefeTa cxovreba~, efrem mciris 

ùwyebaÁ mizezsa~, ruis-urbnisis saeklesio krebis 

`Zegliswera~ (1104 w.) da arsen beris `ninos cxovreba~ 

141 

wm. ninos misioneruli moRvaweobis aucileblobas im 

faqtiT xsnian, rom mociqulTa Semdeg saqarTveloSi 

isev warmarToba (kerpTayvanismcemloba) gavrcelda. 

amasTan erTad, `Zeglisweris~ ganCinebaSi wm. andrias 

qadagebis faqti mTel saqarTvelozea ganzogadebuli 

da aRniSnulia, rom mociqulma saxareba iqadaga 

`yovelsa queyanasa saqarTveloÁsasa~. amiT xazgasmulia 

samociqulo qadagebis mniSvneloba saqarTvelos 

eklesiuri da politikuri erTianobisTvis. 

gansxvavebuli tendencia SeiniSneba `mimoslvis~ 

qarTul redaqciebsa da mesxur gadmocemaSi. 

`mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqcia XIII-XV saukuneebSi 

Camoyalibda. igi sruli saxiT A-161 xelnawerSia warmodgenili. 

am redaqciis avtori Tanamedroveobis gadasaxedidan 

„kiTxulobs~ istoriul dokuments, iTvaliswinebs 

literaturul tradicias da efTvimeseul 

TargmanSi Seaqvs istoriul-geografiuli Sinaarsis 

glosebi, romelTa umravlesoba wm. andrias misionerul 

mogzaurobebSi mesxeTis farTo planiT warmoCenas 

isaxavs miznad. Woroxis auzTan (tao-klarjeTinigali) 

erTad glosebSi Cndeba mtkvris auzis qveynebi 

artaani da kola (rogorc cnobilia, `mimoslvis~ 

teqstSi mxolod mdinare Woroxia naxsenebi). 

mesxuri gadmocema, romelic literaturulad yvaryvare 

da mzeWabuk aTabagebis karnaxiTa da uSualo 

monawileobiT gaformda (1486-1516 ww.), wm. andrias misioneruli 

mogzaurobebis marSruts ormxriv ganavrcobs: 

Woroxis auzis qveynebSi damatebiT asaxelebs 

aWaras, xolo mtkvris auzis qveynebSi – samcxes. am 

gadmocemaSi `mimoslvis~ efTvimeseuli Targmani tendenciurad, 

separatistuli suliskveTebiTaa gadamu- 

Savebuli. wm. andrias qadageba da mis mier pirveli 

qarTveli episkoposis xeldasxma dakavSirebulia samcxe-saaTabagos 

saeklesio centrTan – awyurTan, riTac 

142

xazgasmulia saeklesio damoukideblobis mosurne mesxeTis 

eklesiis `samociqulo~ xasiaTi. 

mesxuri gadmocemis ganviTarebaSi calke unda 

gamoiyos samZivarTa zeobis periodi (XII-XV ss.). misi 

pirveli literaturuli varianti fiqsirdeba manuel 

ritoris berZnul TxzulebaSi `Txroba awyuris xatsa 

da saswaulebze~, romelic 1501-1504 wlebSia dawerili 

konstantinopolis patriarqis ioakime I-is (1498-1502, 

1504 ww.) dakveTiT. manuelis `Txroba~ awyuris xatis 

vrcel matianes warmoadgens da Sedgeba oTxi ZiriTadi 

nawilisagan: a) mesxuri gadmocema wm. andrias aWarasa 

da samcxeSi qadagebis Sesaxeb; b) herakle keisris droindeli 

qronika; g) xatis datyveveba uzun-hasanis mier 

(1477 w.); d) xatis datyveveba iayub yaenis mier (1486 w.). 

awyuris xatis matianis qarTulma versiam dasrulebuli 

saxe miiRo 1546-1562 wlebSi. mogvianebiT igi 

fragmentebad daanawiles da XVIII saukunis 60-ian 

wlebSi CanarTebis saxiT Seitanes àxali qarTlis 

cxovrebis~ Sesabamis qronologiur monakveTebSi: a) 

mesxuri gadmocema – aderki mefis qronikaSi (qca I: 39- 

42); b) herakle keisris droindeli qronika – `vaxtang 

gorgaslis cxovrebaSi~ (qca I: 224); g) uzun-hasanisa da 

iayub yaenis mier xatis datyvevebis saswaulebi (1546 da 

1553 wlebis mokle qronikebTan erTad) – sakuTriv 

àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ (qca II: 480-481; 482-486). 

ufro adre, 1501-1516 wlebSi, Seiqmna mesxuri gadmocemis 

mzeWabukisdroindeli redaqcia, romelSic Seitanes 

mociqulTa wilisyraSi RvTismSoblis monawileobisa 

da awyuris xatis xelTuqmnelad gamosaxvis epizodebi. 

am gadmocemis pirveli ilustraciaa gelaTis 

RvTismSoblis taZris freska (XVII s.-is meore naxevari), 

romelzec wm. andria gamosaxulia awyuris xatiT 

xelSi. 

Sua saukuneebis qarTul literaturul wyaroebSi 

143 

gansakuTrebuli aqtualoba SeiZina sosangeTis lokalizaciis 

sakiTxma. Tavdapirvelad igi gaaigives nigalTan 

(arsen beri), Semdgom periodSi – svaneTTan da 

sivneTTan (`mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqcia), bolos ki – 

awyurTan (mesxuri gadmocema). 

àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ mesxuri gadmocemis 

literaturuli varianti da `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqcia 

mcireodeni cvlilebebiTaa Setanili, sami 

vrceli CanarTis saxiT: 

1) pirveli CanarTi mesxur gadmocemas emyareba da 

mogviTxrobs: mociqulTa wilisyraze, RvTismSoblisadmi 

wilxvedrilobaze, deda RvTisas xelTuqmneli 

xatis gamosaxvasa da wm. andrias saqarTveloSi warmogzavnaze; 

2) meore CanarTi mosdevs (zog nusxaSi – enacvleba) 

leonti mrovelis sityvebs: `moaqcivna megrelni da 

warvida gzasa klarjeTisasa~. masSi warmodgenilia wm. 

andrias pirveli misioneruli mogzauroba (`mimoslvis~ 

pirveli qarTuli redaqciis mixedviT) da mesxuri 

gadmocema andria pirvelwodebulis didaWarasa da awyurSi 

qadagebis Sesaxeb (CanarTis es monakveTi 

agrZelebs teqstis Sualedur frazas `romelsa didaWara 

ewodebis~); 

3) mesame CanarTSi wm. andrias mesame misioneruli 

mogzauroba `mimoslvis~ qarTuli redaqciis mixedvi- 

Taa gadmocemuli. 

andria mociqulis meore mogzaurobis epizodis 

magivroba àxal qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ dakisrebuli 

aqvs leonti mrovelis avTentur cnobas megrelTa gaqristianebisa 

da aderki mefis mier maTi kvlav gawarmarTebis 

Taobaze. 

`mimoslvis~ gansxvavebuli redaqcia Semogvinaxa 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ urbnulma nusxam, romelic 

144

gverds uvlis mociqulis mesxeTSi qadagebas, samagierod, 

ganavrcobs qarTlisadmi miZRvnil monakveTs. 

urbnul redaqciaSi dadasturebuli tendencia ganaviTara 

Teimuraz batoniSvilma, romelmac wignSi 

ìstoria dawyebiTgan iveriisa~ kidev ufro daakonkreta 

wm. andrias qadagebis marSruti da masSi Seitana: 

mcxeTa, gremi da stefanwminda. garda amisa, mTlianad 

Secvala mesxuri gadmocemis geografia da awyuris 

magivroba biWvinTas daakisra. 

sxvadasxva dros wm. andrias saxels saqarTveloSi 

xuTi siwmindis davaneba daukavSirda. esenia: (1) anCis 

macxovris xati (`galobani anCis xatisani~); (2) awyuris 

RvTismSobeli, Tavisi ori asliT – (3) didaWarisa da 

(4) Satberdis xatebiT (`mesxuri gadmocema~); (5) biWvin- 

Tis RvTismSoblis xati (ìstoria iveriisa~). 

amgvarad, andria mociqulisadmi miZRvnil qarTul 

literaturul wyaroebSi saqarTvelos istoriis yvela 

mniSvnelovani etapi airekla. kvlevam cxadyo, rom 

sxvadasxva epoqa gvTavazobda andria mociqulis misioneruli 

Rvawlis Tavisebur gaazrebas. xSir SemTxvevaSi 

mociqulTa qadagebasTan dakavSirebuli realiebis 

dadgenasTan erTad xdeboda ukve cnobili faqtebis 

axleburi interpretacia da `modernizacia~. aqedan 

gamomdinare, wignSi ganxiluli masalis wyaroTmcodneobiTi 

Rirebuleba ormagad izrdeba, radgan masze 

dayrdnobiT SesaZlebelia SeviswavloT, erTi mxriv, 

wm. andria mociqulis saqarTveloSi qadagebis istoria, 

xolo, meore mxriv, istoriul-politikuri faqtorebi, 

romlebic ganapirobebdnen sxvadasxva literaturuli 

versiis, redaqciuli plastisa da lokaluri 

tradiciis Taviseburebebs. 

145 

gamoyenebuli literatura 

1. abuserisZe 1998: abuserisZe tbeli, Txzulebani, gamosacemad 

moamzades m. qavTariam, r. Cagunavam da n. goguaZem, baT., 1998 

2. avgarozi 2007: àvgarozis epistolis~ Zveli qarTuli 

redaqciebi, teqsti gamosacemad moamzada, gamokvleva, leqsikoni da 

saZieblebi daurTo n. CxikvaZem, Tb., 2007. 

3. akaki 1940: wereTeli a., TxzulebaTa sruli krebuli, III, Tb., 1940. 

4. aldamiZe 2007: aldamiZe T., anCis macxovris xati, Tb., 2007. 

5. aldamiZe 2010: aldamiZe T., wmida anton martyofelis mier 

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6. aleqsandru 2004: Alexandrou G., The Astonishing Missionary Journeys of The 

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7. aleqsiZe 2002: aleqsiZe z., mandilioni da keramioni Zvel qar- 

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2002. 

8. amiranaSvili 1956: amiranaSvili S., beqa opizari, Tb., 1956. 

9. anania [jafariZe] 1998: anania [jafariZe], saqarTvelos samociqulo 

eklesiis istoria // saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari, 1998. 

10. anania [jafariZe] 2003: anania [jafariZe], saqarTvelos saeklesio 

krebebi, I, Tb., 2003. 

11. anania [jafariZe] 2009: anania [jafariZe], saqarTvelos samociqulo 

eklesiis istoria, Tb., 2009. 

12. anderZi 1984: anderZi daviT mefisa // qarTuli istoriuli 

sabuTebi IX-XII ss., Seadgines da gamosacemad moamzades T. enuqiZem, 

v. silogavam, n. SoSiaSvilma, Tb., 1984. 

13. andria 2009: andria pirvelwodebulis nakvalevze, Tb., 2009. 

14. arsen beri 1971: arsen beri, ninos cxovreba // Zveli qarTuli 

agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, III (metafrasuli redaqciebi 

XI-XIII ss.), Tb., 1971. 

15. aRweriloba 1953: quTaisis saxelmwifo istoriuli muzeumis 

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16. bartikiani 1987: Бартикян Р., Приписываемый Мануилу, Великому ритору 

Константинопольской патриархии (1-я пол. XVI в.), Панегирик государям Самцхе- 

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146

17. baqraZe 1889: baqraZe d., istoria saqarTvelosi (uZvelesi 

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18. bezaraSvili 2002: bezaraSvili q., masalebi saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi 

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19. bezaraSvili 2004: bezaraSvili q., saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi 

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identoba~, moxsenebaTa Tezisebi, Tb., 2004. 

20. beraZe 1981: beraZe T., zRvaosnoba Zvel saqarTveloSi, Tb., 1981. 

21. beraZe 1993: beraZe T., `megreli~, `samegrelo~, òdiSi~ // saqarTvelosa 

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22. beraZe 1998: beraZe T., vaxuSti bagrationi afxazeTisa da jiqeTis 

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23. berZeniSvili 2004: berZeniSvili d., wminda andria mociqulis 

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24. berZeniSvili 2008: berZeniSvili d., qarTuli tradicia wminda 

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25. brose 1851: Brosset M., Rapports sur un voyage archeologique dans la Georgie et 

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26. brose 1895: brose m., saqarTvelos istoria, tf., 1895. 

27. bubulaSvili 2007: bubulaSvili e., saqarTvelos eklesiis 

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28. bubulaSvili 2008: bubulaSvili e., wm. mociqulTa saxelTan 

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29. bubulaSvili 2008a: bubulaSvili e., RvTismSoblis wilxvdomobis 

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30. georgika I: georgika, t. I, berZnuli teqsti qarTuli Targmani- 

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31. georgika II: georgika, t. I, berZnuli teqsti qarTuli Targmani- 

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147 

32. georgika IV: georgika, t. IV1-2 , berZnuli teqsti qarTuli 

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33. georgika VII: georgika, t. VII, berZnuli teqsti qarTuli 


Tb., 1967. 

34. georgika VIII: georgika, t. VIII, berZnuli teqsti qarTuli 


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35. giorgi mcire 1967: giorgi mcire, giorgi mTawmidelis cxovreba 

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36. gogitiZe 1997: gogitiZe s., mirian mefe da qarTlis moqceva, 

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37. goilaZe 1991: goilaZe v., qarTuli eklesiis saTaveebTan, Tb., 1991. 

38. grigalaSvili 2009: grigalaSvili i., qarTuli mwerlobis sakiTxebi, 

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39. grigalaSvili 2009a: grigalaSvili i., `qarTlis cxovrebis~ erTi 

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40. grigolia 1954: grigolia k., narkvevebi saqarTvelos istoriis 

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41. diasamiZe 2001: diasamiZe b., qristianoba dasavleT saqarTveloSi 

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42. didi svinaqsari 2003: didi svinaqsari, m. dolaqiZis gamocema // 

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43. doliZe 1953; doliZe i., Zveli qarTuli samarTali, Tb., 1953. 

44. doliZe 2008: doliZe T., uadresi berZnuli wyaroebi andria 

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45. enciklopedia II: Православная Энциклопедия. Т. 2. Москва, 2000. 

46. esbroki 1974: Esbroeck M., L’assomption de la vierge dans un transitus Pseudo- 

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47. efrem mcire 1959: efrem mcire, uwyebaÁ mizezsa qarTvelTa 

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48. vardoSvili... 2009: vardoSvili e., qurdiani m., wminda andria 

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148

49. TamaraSvili 1995: TamaraSvili m., qarTuli eklesia dasabamidan 

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50. TayaiSvili 1913: TayaiSvili e., arqeologiuri mogzauroba 

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51. Teimuraz batoniSvili 1848: Teimuraz batoniSvili, istoria 

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52. ingoroyva 1954: ingoroyva p., giorgi merCule, Tb., 1954. 

53. ioseliani 1847: Иоселиани П., Описание Марткопского монастыря, 

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54. kavlelaSvili 2009: Кавлелашвили Е., Ацкурская икона Божией Матери // 

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55. kakabaZe 1966: kakabaZe s., rusTaveli da misi `vefxistyaosani~, Tb., 

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56. kiknaZe 1997: kiknaZe z., andria mociquli // saqarTvelo, enciklopedia, 

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57. kiknaZe 2000: kiknaZe z., awyuris RvTismSoblis xatis saswaulebi 

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58. kekeliZe 1957: kekeliZe k., qarTvelTa moqcevis mTavari 

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59. kekeliZe 1980: kekeliZe k., Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoria, 

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60. kobiaSvili 1998: kobiaSvili m., andria pirvelwodebulis 

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61. liCeli 2000: liCeli v., andria mociquli samcxeSi – 

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62. lolaSvili 1978: lolaSvili i., arsen iyalToeli (cxovreba da 

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63. lomouri 1993: lomouri n., saqarTvelos saxelwodebani 

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64. lorTqifaniZe 1963: lorTqifaniZe m., feodaluri saqarTvelos 

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149 

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68. menabde 1980: menabde l., Zveli qarTuli mwerlobis kerebi, II, Tb., 

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69. metreveli 2007: metreveli e., filologiur-istoriuli Ziebani, I, 

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73. mravalTavi 1991: klarjuli mravalTavi, T. mgalobliSvilis 

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74. musxeliSvili 1977: musxeliSvili d., saqarTvelos istoriuli 

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75. musxeliSvili 1993: musxeliSvili d., qarTvelTa TviTsaxelwodebis 

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80. ruxaZe 1960: ruxaZe t., qarTul-rusuli literaturuli 

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81. sabinini 1882: sabinini m., saqarTvelos samoTxe, peterburRi, 1882. 

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150

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84. siraZe 1992: siraZe r., qristianuli kultura da qarTuli 

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85. sixaruliZe 1991: sixaruliZe i., andria pirvelwodebuli 

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88. surgulaZe 2006: surgulaZe m., qarTuli saistorio aqtebi (XI-XV 

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90. sjuliskanoni 1975: didi sjuliskanoni, gamosacemad moamzades e. 

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96. qca IV: qarTlis cxovreba, IV, s. yauxCiSvilis gamocema, Tb., 1973 

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151 

101. SaraSiZe 1961: samxreT saqarTvelos istoriis masalebi (XV-XVI 

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104. Zeglebi IV: Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, 

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urTierTobani, Tb., 1969. 

108. xorenaci 1984: movses xorenaci, somxeTis istoria, Zveli 

somxuridan Targmna, Sesavali da SeniSvnebi daurTo a. abdalaZem, 

Tb., 1984. 

109. xuskivaZe... 2007: xuskivaZe l., sayvareliZe T., awyuris 

RmrTismSobeli // gelaTi – 900, Tb., 2007. 

110. javaxiSvili 1900: javaxiSvili iv., andria mociqulis da wm. 

ninos moRvaweoba saqarTveloSi // Jurn. `moambe~, #6, gany. II, 1900. 

111. javaxiSvili 1948: javaxiSvili iv., qarTveli eris istoria, IV, 

Tb., 1948. 

112. javaxiSvili 1977: javaxiSvili iv., Txzulebani 12 tomad, VIII, Tb., 

1977. 

113. janaSia 1959: janaSia s., Sromebi, II, Tb., 1959. 

114. janaSvili 1908: Джанашвили М., Описание рукописей Тифлисского 

церковного музея, III, Тифлис, 1908. 

115. jiqia 2008: jiqia a., wmida nino – andrias qadagebis warmarTeba // 

sxalTis eparqia, samecniero konferencia `wmida andria pirvelwodebulis 

gziT~ (masalebi), 2008. 

152

Ramaz Khalvashi 

APOSTLE ST. ANDREW IN GEORGIA 

Summary 

The oldest sources on St Andrew’s missionary activities are preserved 

in apocryphal literature in which two different traditions have been formed 

on the above mentioned issue. One part of the texts connects the apostle’s 

preaching to the Black Sea countries whereas the other part – to Scythia. 

Georgia was included into both missionary routes. Therefore the Roman 

and Byzantine authors specify the Iberian-Caucasian section of St Andrew’s 

preaching route and together with ancient Greek settlements include into it 

the following strategic centers of the Roman world: Trapezus (city in 

Lazika), Phasis (river of Chorokhi), fort of Apsarus (Gonio), the second 

Ethiopia (Cholchis), Iberia, Susania, Phusta, Abazgia, Sebastopolis 

(Sokhumi) and Nikophsia. 

The earliest information about St Andrew’s preaching in Georgia is 

found in the Georgian translations that were included into the polycefhalon 

(5 th -6 th centuries). It is confirmed by the Klarjeti polycefhalon (10 th century) 

according to which St Andrew preached among the population of the city of 

Sebastopol, in the camp of Apsarus, in the river Phasis (Chorokhi) basin and 

Ethiopians (Cholchians). The same missionary route is given in the old 

Georgian translation of Pseudo-Basil’s work The Most Holy Virgin’s 

Assumption. 

The echo of the existing ancient tradition about the apostle’s preaching 

in Georgia among the original Georgian works is first met in St Abo’s 

Martyrdom. 

In 1011 Eptvime Atoneli (955-1028) translated Nikita-David of 

Paphlagon’s St Andrew the Apostle’s Journeys (9 th century). This canonical 

hagiographic text confirms that Christianity was preached in Georgia by 

three apostles: Andrew the First-Called, Simon Kananaios and Matthias. In 

fact, The Journeys answered all the questions connected with the 

autocephaly of the Georgian Church as well as the apostles’ preaching. 

Therefore, all the later Georgian authors who studied St Andrew’s 

preaching issues referred exactly to this text. 

St. Giorgi Atoneli (1009-1066) used the Greek original of St Andrew 

the Apostle’s Journeys during the dispute (1057) with Theodosius II, 

Patriarch of Antioch, in defense of the apostolic nature of the Georgian 

Church and its autocephaly. 

153 

In the second half of the 9 th century Leonti Mroveli included the 

information on the apostles’ preaching into the official history of Georgia – 

Kartlis Tskhovreba (Georgian Chronicles) and put more emphasis on the 

conversion of Western Georgia (Egrisi and Abkhazia) to Christianity. At the 

same time he confirmed that the expression «up to the river Chorokhi» in 

the Journeys means St Andrew’s preaching «on the way to Klarjeti». 

With the same logic, the monk Arsen named one more province – «the 

villages of Nigali» in the Apostle’s missionary route in the Chorokhi basin, 

thus defining the location of «Sosangeti village» in the text of the Journeys 

(metaphrastic edition of St Nino’s Life). 

Leonti Mroveli’s tradition was developed by Ioane Ancheli according 

to whose hagiographic canon Chants of Anchi Icon St Apostle Andrew 

introduced into Klarjeti the heir of Hierapolis Keramidion – the icon of 

Anchi. This original opinion of the Bishop of Anchi can find its premises in 

Correspondence between Abgar and the Christ and St Andrew the Apostle’s 

Journeys. 

Leonti Mroveli’s History of Georgian Kings, Eprem Mtsire’s Story of 

Georgia’s Conversion, The Code of Ruis-Urbnisi Church Council (1104) 

and Monk Arsen’s St Nino’s Life explain the necessity of St Nino’s 

preaching by the fact that after the apostles Georgia again turned to 

paganism. 

At the same time, The Code spreads and generalizes the fact of St 

Andrew’s preaching throughout all Georgia and states that the apostle 

preached the Gospel «all through the country of Georgia». 

A different tendency can be noticed in the first Georgian edition of the 

Journeys and Meskhian tradition. 

The Georgia edition of the Journeys was formed in the 13 th -15 th 

centuries. It is presented in the full form in A-161 manuscript. The author of 

this edition «reads» the historical document from his contemporary 

perspective considers literary tradition and includes into Eptvime’s 

translation historical-geographical glosses the majority of which aims at 

vast depiction of Meskheti in the missionary journeys of Apostle Andrew. 

Together with the Chorokhi basin (Tao-Klarjeti-Nigali), the lands of the 

Mtkvari basin – Artaani and Kola – also emerge in the glosses (as it is 

known only the river Chorokhi is mentioned in the text of the Journeys). 

The Meskhian tradition (1486-1516) formed with the dictation and 

direct participation of Kvarkvare and Mzechabuk Atabagi expands St 

Andrew’s missionary route in two directions: it adds Adjara into the 

154

Chorokhi basin lands and Samtskhe – in the Mtkvari basin territories. This 

edition makes biased and separatist transformation of the Eptvime’s 

translation of the Journeys. St Andrew’s preaching and his ordination of the 

first Georgian bishop is connected to Atskuri – the ecclesiastical center of 

Samtskhe-Saatabago. It emphasizes the «Apostolic» nature of Meskhian 

Church striving for independence. 

The period of Samdzivari glory (12 th -15 th centuries) should separately 

be singled out in the development of the Meskhian tradition. Its first literary 

version is confirmed in Manuel the Rhetorician’s Greek work Narrations on 

the Atskuri Icon and Miracles written in 1501-1504 by the order of Ioakim 

I, Patriarch of Constantinople (1498-1502, 1504). Manuel’s Narrations 

represents a vast chronicle of the Atskuri icon and consists of four main 

parts: a) Meskhian tradition on St Andrew’s preaching in Achara and 

Samtskhe; b) Chronicle from the times of Emperor Heracles (Irakli); c) 

Icon’s captivity by Uzun-Hassan (1477); d) Icon’s captivity by Sultan 

Yakub. 

The Georgian version of the Atskuri icon chronicle took its full and 

completed form in 1546-1562. Later it was separated into fragments and in 

1760s were included as interludes in the corresponding sections of the 

Akhali Kartlis Tskhovreba (Revised History of Georgia): a) Meskhian 

tradition – into the King Aderki’s Chronicle; b) Chronicle from the times of 

Emperor Heracles – into The Life of Vakhtang Gorgasali; c) the miracles of 

the icon’s captivities by Uzun-Hassan and Sultan Yakub (together with 

short chronicles of 1546 and 1553) – into the Revised History of Georgia 

proper. 

Earlier, in 1501-1516 the edition of the Meskhian tradition by 

Mzechabuki was created which included the episodes of the participation of 

the Holy Virgin in the Apostles’ casting the lot. The first illustration of the 

Meskhian tradition is the fresco at Gelati Virgin’s cathedral (second half of 

the 17 th century) which depicts St Andrew with the Atskuri icon in his hand. 

The issue of Sosangeti localization gained a special actuality in the 

Georgian literary sources. Initially it was identified with Nigali (monk 

Arsen), later – with Svaneti and Sivneti (Georgian edition of the Journeys), 

and finally – with Atskuri (Meskhian tradition). 

The literary version of the Meskhian tradition and the Georgian edition 

of the Journeys are included in Revised History of Georgia with slight 

changes in the form of three vast inclusions: 

1) The first inclusion is based on the Meskhian tradition and tells about 

155 

the apostles’ casting the lot, Holy Virgin’s lot, depiction of the Virgin’s icon 

and sending of St Andrew to Georgia; 

2) The second inclusion follows (in some lists – replaces) Leonti 

Mroveli’s words: «He converted the Megrelians and went on towards 

Klarjeti». It depicts St Andrew’s first missionary journey (according to the 

first Georgian edition of the Journeys) and the Meskhian tradition about St 

Andrew’s preaching in Didachara and Atskuri (this part of the inclusion 

directly follows the medium phrase «which is called Didadjara»); 

3) The third inclusion depicts the third missionary journey of St 

Apostle Andrew according to the Georgian edition of the Journeys. 

The episode from St Andrew’s second journey in replaced in the 

Revised History of Georgia by the authentic information from Leonti 

Mroveli about the Megrelians’ conversion to Christianity and their forceful 

re-paganism by king Aderk. 

The Urbnisi list of the Kartlis Tskhovreba preserved a different version 

of the Journeys. It avoids the apostle’s preaching in Meskheti but in return 

expands the section dedicated to Kartli. 

The tendency confirmed in the Urbnisi edition was developed by 

Teimuraz Batonishvili (Prince Teimuraz Bagrationi) who further specified 

the route of St Andrew’s preaching in his book History of Iveria and 

included into it Mtskheta, Gremi and Stepantsminda (Kazbegi). Apart from 

this, he completely changed the geography of the Meskhian tradition and 

granted Atskuri’s role to Bichvinta. 

At different times the deposition of five sacred icons were connected to 

the name of St Andrew in Georgia. These are the following: (1) Icon of 

Anchi Saviour (Chants of Anchi Icon); (2) Atskuri Virgin with two copies – 

(3) Didadjara and (4) Shatberdi icons (Meskhian tradition); (5) Bichvinta 

Virgin’s Icon (History of Iveria). 

156

abazgia – ix. afxazeTi 

àbos wameba~ 18, 19, 140 

abuserisZe abuser 51 

abuserisZe vardan 51 

abuserisZe tbel 48_51 

abuserisZeebi 51, 52 

avazgia – ix. afxazeTi 

avgarozi (edesis mTavari) 37, 

44_47, 49, 64, 67, 80, 128, 130, 131, 

141 

àvgarozis epistole~ 45_47, 49, 

80 

aderki (qarTlis mefe) 27, 28, 

30_33, 42, 59, 60, 70, 130, 138, 143, 

144 

adiamani 23 

azia 14, 22, 95 

azovis zRva 14 

aTonis iverTa monasteri 97, 114 

aTonis mTa // mTawminda // aionorosi 

21, 76, 99, 113_116 

àTormetTa mociqulTa mosaÃsenebeli~ 

17, 19, 30 

akaki (qarTveli beri) 115 

alazani 137 

alania 15 

aldamiZe T. 44, 45, 54, 55 

aleqsandre (giorgi II imerTa 

mefis Ze) 119 

aleqsandre (solomon I imerTa 

mefis Ze) 119 

aleqsandre I didi 

(saqarTvelos mefe) 99 

aleqsandria 13 

aleqsandru g. (Alexandrou G.) 14, 

21 

aleqsiZe z. 45, 50 

altai 14 

amalfi 21 

amasia 22, 23 

amasinelTa qalaqi – ix. amiso 

amasra 23 

amastridi 23, 104 

ambrosi (kaligrafi) 115 

amilaxvari givi 54 

amiranaSvili S. 44, 52_54, 56 

amiso // amasinelTa qalaqi 22, 

83, 104 

saZiebeli 

157 

amtyeli 15 

anakofia – ix. axali aToni 

anania [jafariZe] 5, 8, 14, 29, 31, 

100, 101 

anahiti (miTol.) 118 

ànderZi ioane aTonelisa~ 20 

ànderZi daviT aRmaSeneblisa~ 

29 

andria (qalaqi) 137 

àndria da barTlome mociqulebis 

saqmeebi~ 11 

àndria da mataTia mociqulebis 

saqmeebi anTropofagTa (kacismWamelTa) 

qveyanaSi~ 11, 12 

àndria mociqulis da wm. ninos 

moRvaweoba saqarTveloSi~ 7 

àndria mociqulis mimosvla~ // 

`mimoslva andreasi~ 6_9, 12, 

20, 21, 25_28, 30, 31, 33, 34, 36, 

39_41, 46, 47, 57_61, 64, 66_71, 74, 

75, 77, 80, 83, 90, 95, 104_107, 

109_111, 128, 132, 137, 140_142, 144 

àndria mociqulis cxovreba” 15, 

20 

àndria pirvelwodebulis nakvalevze~ 

9 

anTaqia 21 

ankara 21 

ankviria 21, 79, 80, 

anpioni (odisos episkoposi) 104 

antioqia 5, 21, 22, 33, 101, 

anton martyofeli 50, 55 

antoni (opizis winamZRvari) 53 

anCa 6, 7, 43_49, 51_56, 145 

anCisxati 54 

apelesi (mociquli) 94 

apoloni (kerpi) 88, 90, 97, 98, 135, 

139 

aragvi 137 

aradeTi 124, 128 

arebanosi // urbana 34 

aregawi 29 

aresi (miTol.) 85, 88 

arsen beri // arsen iyalToeli 

6, 7, 36, 39, 41, 57, 61, 68, 69, 105, 

106, 111, 112, 141, 144 

arsen bulmaisimisZe 48_51, 55 

arsen iyalToeli – ix. arsen 

beri 

arsen quTaTeli 53 

arseni (`dimitri mefis mwirveli~) 

53 

artaani // artahani 6, 60_62, 69, 

70, 73, 142 

artemida (kerpi) 23, 88, 90, 97, 98, 

135, 139 

artemiusi (bizantieli mxedarTmTavari) 

21 

asia 14, 112 

astaqe (mociquli) 22 

àswlovani matiane~ 120, 121 

afrika 14 

afrodite (kerpi) 23, 85, 88 

afsarosi // afsari // fsarosi 

13_15, 17_19, 140 

afusta 15 

afxazeTi // abazgia // avazgia 6, 

18, 20, 24_30, 32_35, 38, 39, 60, 63, 

65, 66, 68, 69, 71, 72, 93, 95, 100, 

133, 136, 137, 140, 141 

aqaia 25, 26, 36, 94, 95, 109 

aRapito (mociquli) 22 

aRbuRa, jayeli (samcxis aTabagi) 

99 

awyuri // awyveri 6, 7, 23, 59, 63, 

75, 76, 79, 80, 84, 88, 91_99, 

101_104, 106_109, 114, 116, 118_128, 

130, 134_136, 142_145 

aWara // Άτζαρα 6, 7, 63, 75, 80_82, 

92, 95, 123, 142, 143 

aWariswyali 82, 83 

axali aToni // anakofia 27 

axali qarTlis cxovreba~ 7_9, 

57_60, 62_64, 67, 69, 70, 75, 77_81, 

83, 87_91, 93, 95, 96, 98, 102, 103, 

107, 115, 119, 121, 123, 126, 127, 129, 

132, 135, 136, 138, 143, 144 

axalcixe 125 

bagrat II (imereTis mefe) 100 

bagrat III (imereTis mefe) 100, 

127 

bagrat IV (saqarTvelos mefe) 

51, 134 

bagrationi T. 7, 58, 70, 98, 

130_139, 145 

baTumi // Βαθύ // Βαθύς // Portus 

altus 93_95 

balkanovka (mdin.) 15 

baraTaSvili z. 58, 123 

bardosi (Targamosis Ze) 139 

158 

barTini 23 

barTlome mociquli 11, 34, 35 

bartikiani r. (Бартикян Р.) 75, 76, 

94, 99, 122, 123 

baqraZe d. 7, 138 

bezaraSvili q. 110 

beTsaida 10 

beraZe T. 30, 95 

berZeniSvili d. 9, 22, 95, 122, 123 

beqa I, jayeli (samcxis aTabagi) 

53, 99 

beqa opizari 51, 52 

bizantia 29, 31, 48, 75 

bizantioni 24, 94, 95, 104 

biTvinia // biTÂnia 13, 14, 22, 23 

biWvinTa // biWvinta 7, 134, 135, 

145 

bosfora – ix. fostafori 

bosfori (qerCi) 39, 66, 67 

bosforis srute 24 

boCi // boCo (kerpi) 138, 139 

britaneTi 14 

brose m. (Brosset M.) 7, 58, 119, 121, 

123, 138 

bubulaSvili e. 88, 115, 134 

burgundia 21 

bursa 22 

gabiZaSvili e. 36, 113 

gabriel qarTveli 114 

gaiozi (mociquli) 22 

`galatelTa mimarT~ (pavle 

mociqulis epistole) 25 

galatia 14, 21 

`galobani anCis xatisani~ 7, 43, 

44, 51_56, 141, 145 

gelaTi // genaTlia 119, 127, 134, 

143 

genesareTis tba 10 

giorgi martyofeli 50 

giorgi mawyvereli 120 

giorgi merCule 120 

giorgi mTawmideli 5, 17, 25_29, 

33, 141 

`giorgi mTawmidelis cxovreba~ 

26_29 

giorgi mcire 25_28 

giorgi II (imereTis mefe) 119 

giorgi VIII (saqarTvelos mefe) 

99 

giorgia 139 

gogibaSvilebi 107

gogitiZe s. 17 

goilaZe v. 5 

gonio 13, 140 

gremi 137, 138, 145 

grigol parTeli 61 

`grigol xanZTelis cxovreba~ 

44, 119 

grigalaSvili i. 15, 91 

grigolia k. 58, 59, 70, 73, 98 

guTeTi 22, 68, 93, 95 

guranduxti (pavle tbelis da) 

53 

dagoni (kerpi) 91 

daviT IV, aRmaSenebeli 29 

daviTi VII, ulu 50 

darubandi 29 

diasamiZe b. 134 

didaWara 6, 7, 59, 62, 63, 70, 73, 

75, 80_83, 93, 95, 98, 103, 104, 136, 

144, 145 

`didi svinaqsari~ 17, 69 

`didi sjulisjanoni~ 35 

didoeTi 137 

dimitri mefe (saqarTvelos mefe 

demetre I, berobaSi damiane) 

53 

dionisios periegeti 14 

dioskuria 13 

dnepri (mdin.) 24 

doliZe T. 15 

doliZe i. 99 

domenti (mociquli) 22 

domenti II kaTalikosi 54 

domenti III kaTalikosi 54_56 

doroTeos antioqieli (patriarqi) 

101, 102 

doroTeos tvireli 14, 17, 19 

egeati (aqaiis anTipati) 25, 94 

egeosis zRva 22, 114 

egnate RmerTSemosili 25 

egrisi 5, 6, 18, 27_30, 32, 63, 141 

egrsiwyali 29 

egrosi (Targamosis Ze) 139 

edesa // edese 23, 37, 39, 44_50, 

54_56, 63, 64, 67, 130, 131 

evagre sicilieli 20 

evvodio (mociquli) 22 

evropa 14 

evsevi kesarieli 13 

evfrati (mdin.) 23 

159 

eTiopia (kolxeTi) 14, 15, 17, 30, 

140 

elavsi // Έλας 124 

elioz mcxeTeli 31, 131, 132 

epifane kvipreli 15, 20 

epifane monazoni 12, 15, 20_22, 24, 

25, 46, 111 

erakle – ix. herakle 

eregli 23 

esbroki m. (Esbroeck M.) 13 

esqihisari 22 

efeso 14, 22, 112 

efrem mawyvereli 119, 120 

efrem mcire 6, 33_35, 141 

vardoSvili e. 87 

vaxtang VI 58, 68, 73 

vaxtang gorgasali 5, 143 

`vaxtang gorgasalis cxovreba~ 

143 

vaxuSti batoniSvili 28 

zaden-gora 61, 83, 88, 95, 103 

zaliqo 23 

zaqaria qvariani (das. saqarTvelos 

kaTalikosi) 127 

zevsi (miTol.) 85, 88 

zeTisxilis mTa 11 

zekari 88 

zonguldaqi 23 

Tadeozi // Tadeosi (mociquli) 

22, 23, 37, 44, 45, 47, 64, 67 

Tamar mefe 43, 48, 51, 52, 56 

TamaraSvili m. 14, 16 

Tamari (giorgi II imerTa mefis 

meuRle) 119 

Tamari (solomon I imerTa mefis 

meuRle) 119 

Targamosi (bibl.) 139 

Tbilisi // tfilisi 50, 54, 119 

Tevdosia 24 

Teimuraz batoniSvili – ix. bagrationi 

T. 

Temur lengi 50 

Teodorite kvireli 34 

Teodosi antioqieli (patriarqi) 

25, 33, 141 

Teofile (bizantiis imperatori) 

114 

Teofile qarTveli (tarsus mitropoliti) 

25 

Tergi // lomeki 127 

Tesalonike 25, 111 

Toma (mociquli) 14 

Toma paleologi 21 

ToqaTi 23 

TrakeTi // Trakia 13, 24, 94, 95 

TrakonelTa qveyana 13 

TurqeTi 9, 15, 21_23, 88 

iairosi (bibl.) 86 

iakob mociquli 11, 13 

iakobi – ix. mzeWabuki 

iayub yaeni // iayub-begi 102, 

125_127, 129, 143 

iberia 5, 7, 15, 20, 22, 26, 140 

ievanguliSvili amirjana 54 

ierapoli – ix. hierapolisi 

ieronime 18 

ierusalimi 11, 13, 21_23, 37, 39, 47, 

61, 62, 77_80, 85, 100, 110, 111, 114, 

115, 131, 133 

ieso qriste 10_12, 18, 22, 31, 37, 

40, 43_45, 47, 49, 51, 52, 64, 66, 

72, 78, 85_87, 89_91, 105, 106, 115, 

119, 131, 132, 135, 137 

ivane mzeWabuki – ix. mzeWabuki 

ivane II, jayeli (samcxis 

aTabagi) 99 

iveria 7, 79, 81, 109, 113, 114, 116, 

123, 126, 130_136, 138, 139, 145 

izmiTi 23 

izniqi 22 

ilarion qarTveli 110, 111 

ìlarion qarTvelis cxovreba~ 

110, 111 

ilia II (saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi) 

8 

imereTi 100, 119, 127, 129 

ingoroyva p. 18, 19 

ioakime I konstantinopoleli 

(patriarqi) 75, 76, 95, 97, 143 

ioakime caiSel-bedieli (afxaze- 

Tis kaTalikosi) 100 

ioane aToneli 20 

ioane anCeli (rkinaeli) 6, 7, 

43_46, 48, 49, 51_57, 141 

ioane zedazneli 58 

ioane maxarebeli 10, 11, 14, 22, 78, 

112, 115, 131 

ioane naTlismcemeli 10 

ioane petriwi 53 

ioane sabanisZe 18, 19, 27 

ioane cece 14 

160 

ìoanes saxareba~ 10, 11, 131 

iona (andria mociqulis mama) 10 

iori 137 

ioseliani p. 50 

ìstoria dawyebiTgan iveriisa~ 

130_132, 134, 135, 138, 145 

italia 21 

iuda iskarioteli 11, 18, 37, 64 

kavkasia 7, 14, 136, 137 

kavkasosi (Targamosis Ze) 139 

kavlelaSvili e. 119 

kakabaZe s. 118, 119 

kapadokia 14, 21, 39, 60, 78, 80 

kapernaumi 10 

kapunia (kerpi) 138 

kasteli q. 134 

kaxeTi 6, 17, 119, 136_138 

kekeliZe k. 12, 16, 33, 36 

kefalinia 21 

kviprosi 15, 115 

kievi 24 

kiknaZe z. 21, 91, 124 

klarjeTi 6, 7, 27_29, 31_34, 40, 

43, 48, 54_56, 59_63, 68_71, 73, 

141, 142, 144 

`klarjuli mravalTavi~ 17, 34, 

69, 140 

klimenti romaeli 20 

kobiaSvili m. 8, 21, 26, 57 

kola 6, 60_62, 69_71, 73, 142 

kolxeTi 13, 14, 18, 30, 133, 136, 140 

konstantine II (qarTlis mefe) 

124 

konstantine didi 34, 35 

konstantine porfirogeneti 49, 

50 

konstantinopoli 5, 13, 31, 46, 48, 

49, 54_56, 75, 76, 95, 97, 99, 101, 

111, 143 

koxtastavi 99 

kojaeli 23 

kronos (miTol.) 85, 88 

lavdikia // laodokia 22 

lazika // Λαζική 20, 22, 30, 59, 60, 

62, 81, 140 

lamberti a. 34 

lekosi (Targamosis Ze) 139 

leon II (afxazeTis mefe) 29 

leon isavrieli (bizantiis 

imperatori) 55

leonti mroveli 6, 17, 27_33, 40, 

42, 43, 48, 57, 59, 61_63, 68_73, 

130, 133, 141, 144 

lesbiosi (aqaiis anTipati) 25 

libaniosi 14 

liCeli v. 118 

lolaSvili i. 36 

lomeki – ix. Tergi 

lomouri n. 24, 29 

longinoz karsneli 31 

lorTqifaniZe m. 19, 29 

ludia 114 

luka maxarebeli 13, 77_79, 86, 87, 

114 

`lukas saxareba~ 86, 87 

maTe maxarebeli 10, 12 

`maTes saxareba~ 10 

makedonia 24, 25, 26, 36, 109 

manuel ritori 75_77, 80, 81, 83, 

87, 88, 91, 93, 94_96, 101, 102, 119, 

121_128, 143 

`manuelis Txroba awyuris yovladwmida 

RvTismSoblis xatsa 

da saswaulebze~ 75_77, 79, 

80, 83, 87, 88, 94, 97, 101, 121, 

123_125, 143 

mamia (giorgi II imerTa mefis Ze) 

119 

mariam RvTismSobeli 7, 13, 22, 

24, 59, 75, 77_79, 80_83, 86, 89_93, 

96, 97, 102, 103, 108_112, 114, 

115_118, 120, 122, 124_129, 132_135, 

140, 143_145 

markoz maxarebeli 10 

`markozis saxareba~ 10, 11 

marmarilos zRva 23 

martvili 138 

martyofi // martomyofi 48_50, 55 

mataTa (//mataTia) mociquli 6, 

11, 12, 18, 19, 21_24, 37, 38, 40, 

63_65, 77, 105, 106, 134, 141 

`maqsime aRmsareblis cxovreba~ 

30 

maxaraSvili s. 110 

mgelaZe n. 95 

megrelia – ix. samegrelo 

membiji 43 

menabde l. 20, 115 

mesxeTi – ix. samcxe-saaTabago 

metreveli e. 97 

161 

`mefeTa cxovreba~ 28_32, 42, 59, 

68_70, 73, 130, 133, 134, 141 

mzeWabuki // ivane-mzeWabuki, 

jayeli (samcxis aTabagi, 

berobaSi – iakobi) 76, 96_98, 

101, 102, 109, 115, 116, 126, 128, 142, 

143 

mTawminda – ix. aTonis mTa 

mTiuleTi 137 

mizia // Μυσία 22 

miTra (miTol.) 118 

mirian mefe 5 

miuleri l. (Мюллер Л.) 24 

mixail-mTavarangelozi (miqael 

mTavarangelozi) 137 

mixeili (ierusalimel-antioqieli 

patriarqi miqaeli) 100 

`mimoslva~ _ ix. àndria mociqulis 

mimosvla~ 

`mimoslvaÁ mociqulTaÁ, odesigi 

waravlina ufalman 

mociquli andriaÁ sofelsa 

maT kacismWamelTasa gamoyvanebad 

maTesa sapyrobiliT~ 

12 

`micvalebaÁ yovladwmidisa 

mariamisi~ 13, 140 

miZnaZoro 34 

movakosi (Targamosis Ze) 139 

movses xorenaci 34, 130, 131 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ 15_17, 31, 

32, 34, 59, 73, 110 

`mociqulTa saqme~ 11, 20, 77 

musxeliSvili d. 15, 17, 82 

`mcire svinaqsari” 17, 69 

`mcire sjuliskanoni~ 79 

`mcneba sasjulo” 100, 101 

mcxeTa 5, 58, 96, 99_101, 107, 120, 

137, 138, 145 

myinvari (myinvarwveri) 137 

nav-yvaryvare, jayeli (samcxis 

aTabagi) 96, 97, 100 

`nav-yvaryvares anderZi aTonis 

iverTa monastrisadmi~ 97 

nafsaÁs navTsadguri – ix. nikofsi 

neokesaria 23, 36, 37, 79, 80 

neCespuxo 27 

nigali // nig[a]la 6, 7, 38, 40, 41, 

61, 69_71, 73, 105, 106, 141, 142, 

144 

nikea 13, 22, 23, 63, 91, 114, 134 

nikita-daviT paflagonieli 12, 

20, 25, 46, 109, 111, 137, 140 

nikoloz saRirisZe 53 

nikomidia 23 

nikofsia // nikofsi // nikofse // 

nafsaÁ 19, 25_29, 32, 60, 66, 68, 

72, 133, 136, 140 

nino kapadokieli // nunna kappadokieli 

6, 7, 16, 31_36, 39_42, 

61, 62, 68, 69, 100, 105, 106, 

110_113, 116, 117, 131, 141, 142 

`ninos cxovreba~ (I svin. red.) 

111, 113, 116, 117 

`ninos cxovreba~ (II svin. red.) 

112, 113, 116, 117 

`ninos cxovreba~ (arsenis red.) 

6, 36, 39, 40_42, 61, 62, 68, 69, 

105, 106, 111, 112, 116, 117, 141 

`ninos cxovreba~ (leontis red.) 

31, 32 

niqsari 23 

novgorodi 24 

nona (pavle tbelis da) 53 

nunna kappadokieli – ix. nino 

kapadokieli 

odiso 22, 104 

odisopolisi 22 

odiSeli j. 125 

ovidius nazoni 14 

olimpi – ix. ulumbos mTa 

orbeliani sulxan-saba 53 

origene 13, 25 

oseTi // ovseTi 15, 24, 29, 34, 38, 

40, 63, 65, 67, 71, 105, 106 

oZrxe // oZraxe 51, 61, 83, 87, 95, 

103 

pavle mociquli 20, 34 

pavle tbeli 53 

palestina 44 

pamfilia 78, 80 

parTeni (mdin.) 23 

parTia // parTevi // parTi 14, 22, 

23, 37, 61, 62 

patra 21, 25, 93, 94 

peloponesi 25, 94, 95 

peroJavri sivneli 15, 17, 32 

`petre da andria mociqulebis 

saqmeebi~ 11 

petre iberieli 58 

162 

petre kapuaneli 21 

petre mociquli 10_12, 14, 21, 22, 

25, 97, 109 

`petre mociqulis pirveli epistole~ 

13 

plutarqe 14 

ponto 13, 14, 18, 22_24, 36, 39, 63 

pontos zRva 94, 95 

porfiri [uspenski] (Порфирий [Успенский]) 

115 

priori J. 11 

JamTaaRmwereli 50, 120, 121 

Jordania T. 54, 96, 101, 102 

regulusi 21 

rkinis jvari 61, 83, 87, 88, 93, 95, 

103 

romanoz mitropoliti 58 

romi // hromi 13, 21, 31 

ruisi 6, 35, 41, 52, 141 

`ruis-urbnisis krebis Zegliswera~ 

6, 35, 41, 141, 142 

rumineTi 21, 94, 95 

ruseTi 21, 24, 27 

ruxaZe t. 114, 115 

saba svingelozi 48_51 

saberZneTi 21, 25, 29 

sabinini m. 8 

`saeklesio istoria~ (evs. kesar.) 

13 

`saeklesio istoria~ (Teod. 

kvir.) 34 

salome ujarmeli // uJarmeli 

15, 17, 32 

saloniki – ix. Tesalonike 

samegrelo 6, 23, 30, 31, 33, 36, 63, 

93, 95, 137, 138 

`sameocdaaTTa mociqulTa mosa- 

Ãsenebeli~ 17 

samosati 23, 37, 39 

samsaTi 23 

samsuni 22 

samcxe // samcxe-saaTabago // mesxeTi 

6, 7, 53, 54, 61, 63, 69, 70, 

73_76, 83, 88, 92, 95, 98_103, 107, 

109, 118, 120_126, 128, 129, 136, 142, 

143, 145 

samZivarebi 107, 121, 128, 143 

samZivari // Σαμφυάρα 83, 84, 86, 

87, 90_92, 98, 104, 106, 107, 118, 

119, 121, 128, 136, 143

sanaZe m. 119 

saqarTvelo 5_9, 14_18, 20_35, 

41_55, 57_60, 63, 76, 77, 79, 80, 88, 

95_97, 99_104, 108_114, 116, 117, 

122, 123, 127, 130_134, 136, 138, 

139_142, 144, 145 

saqrisi 61, 84, 103, 106 

sayvareliZe T. 44, 119 

sebastopolisi // sevastopoli // 

sevastia // sevaste 13_15, 17, 20, 

24, 26, 38, 39, 41, 60, 64, 65, 68, 

71, 93, 94, 140. ix. soxumi. 

sevastopoli (ukrainaSi) 24 

selCuki 22 

sent-endriusi 21 

svaneTi 6, 24, 59, 65, 67, 69, 71_73, 

105_107, 144 

svildia // sÂldia 24, 66, 67 

sivneTi // siuniqi 57, 58, 67, 69, 

105, 106, 144 

simeon logoTeti, metafrasti 

12, 20 

simeon mawyvereli 76, 96, 115, 126, 

127 

simon kananeli (mociquli) 6, 13, 

19, 23_28, 30, 32, 37, 38, 63_66, 68, 

70_72, 77, 130, 133, 134, 141 

simon moSurne (mociquli) 66 

simoni // simon-petre – ix. petre 

mociquli 

sinis mTa 76 

sinopi // sinope 12, 17, 21, 23, 24, 

36, 60, 63, 104 

sioni 112 

siraZe r. 8 

siria 33, 43, 44 

siuniqi – ix. sivneTi 

sicilia 21 

sixaruliZe i. 95 

skandinavia 14 

skviTeTi // skviTia // skÂTe 

12_15, 22, 66, 68_70, 72, 140 

solomon I (imereTis mefe) 119 

somxeTi 34, 61, 67, 130 

`somxeTis istoria~ 130 

somxiTi 34, 61, 69 

sosangeTi // susania // Σουσανία 

15, 20, 23, 24, 26, 39_41, 58, 63, 67, 

69, 84, 104, 106, 107, 128, 140, 144 

sofroniusi 14, 18 

soWi 27 

163 

soxumi // cxumi 13, 15, 24, 38, 41, 

65, 68, 69, 71, 72, 94, 140 

speri 29 

stamboli 23, 24 

staqe (mociquli) 24, 94, 104 

stefane bizantieli 14 

stefane mTawmindeli 114_117 

stefane pirvelmowame 137 

stefanwminda 138, 145 

stratofile (biWvinTis episkoposi) 

134 

sugdea 15, 93, 95 

sudaki 15 

sula kalmaxeli 51 

sulava n. 43, 55 

surgulaZe m. 29 

surmene 15 

susania – ix. sosangeTi 

tabaRua i. 34 

tavro-guTeTi 67 

tao 6, 58, 59, 65, 67, 69_71, 73, 105, 

142 

tarsu 25 

tviqikosi (mociquli) 22, 104 

tiana // tÂane 21, 36 

trapizoni // trapezundi // trapezunti 

// trapezuntia 18_23, 

25, 26, 30, 31, 36, 39, 59, 60, 62, 

63, 81, 113, 140 

tfilisi _ ix. Tbilisi 

tuafse 27 

uzun-hasani 102, 123, 125, 143 

ukraina 15, 24 

ulumbos mTa // olimpi 22, 111 

urbana – ix. arebanosi 

urbnisi 6, 35, 41, 52, 141 

urfa // Sanliurfa 35 

ùwyebaÁ mizezsa qarTvelTa 

moqcevisasa~ 33, 35, 141 

fazisi // fasisi // fasos // 

Φάσις 14, 15, 17, 18, 20, 23, 113, 140 

falavandiSvili i. 58, 123 

filipe mociquli 10, 13, 130, 131 

filologe // filiologe (sinopis 

episkoposi) 17, 24, 104 

fostafori // fusta // bosfora 

15, 20, 24, 26, 38, 60, 63, 65, 67, 

68, 71, 72, 140 

frigia 22 

fruiZe n. 18, 138 

fsevdo-basili 13, 140 

fsevdo-epifane kvipreli 14, 15 

futkaraZe t. 83 

qadiqoi 23 

qaixosro I, jayeli (samcxis 

aTabagi) 76, 115, 126 

qaldia 18 

qalkedoni 23, 104 

qarTli 5, 6_9, 15_17, 22, 23, 26_28, 

31, 32, 34, 35, 38_40, 41, 47_49, 

57_64, 67_75, 77_81, 83, 87, 88, 91, 

93, 95, 96, 98, 100, 102, 103, 

105_107, 110, 115, 117_124, 126, 127, 

129, 132, 135_139, 141, 143_145 

`qarTlis cxovreba~ 27, 28, 42, 

58_60, 62_64, 68, 70, 72, 98, 105, 

106, 118, 120_123, 138, 141, 144 

qarTlosi (Targamosis Ze) 139 

qemerhisari 21 

qerCi 24 

qriste – ix. ieso qriste 

qristeTi (qisteTi) 137 

quTaisi 29, 134 

qurdiani m. 87 

RambaSiZe n. 138 

yauxCiSvili s. 24, 59, 60, 114 

yaraulaSvili i. 46, 50 

yvaryvare II, jayeli (samcxis 

aTabagi) 99, 100, 102, 115, 124, 

126, 128, 142 

yirimi 15, 24 

Savi zRva 5 

Savi mTa 33 

SavSeTi 88 

Sanliurfa – ix. urfa 

SaraSiZe qr. 100, 107 

Sardeni J. 134 

Satberdis monasteri // Σαπερτίον 

μονή 92, 93, 103, 145 

Sah-abasi 50 

Sotlandia 21 

SoSiaSvili n. 107, 119 

CineTi 14 

cixisjvarel-jayelebi 51, 53, 99. 

164 

ix. jayelebi 

cixisjvari 51, 127, 129 

cxovreba (pavle tbelis da) 53 

cxumi – ix. soxumi 

wereTeli a. 138, 139 

wilkani 44 

Woroxi 5, 23, 26, 31, 38, 39_41, 47, 

48, 57_59, 63, 65, 67, 69_73, 73, 

105, 106, 140_142 

WumburiZe z. 24 

xaragauli 88 

xaraki 23 

xersonesi (xersoni) 24 

xinTibiZe e. 25 

xmelTaSua zRva 114 

xulo 83 

xuskivaZe l. 119 

javaxiSvili iv. 7, 8, 16, 32, 100, 

101 

janaSvili m. 56 

janaSia s. 19 

jandieriSvili domenti 55, 56 

jayelebi 53, 99, 102. ix.: aRbuRa, 

beqa I, ivane II, mzeWabuki, navyvaryvare, 

qaixosro I, yvaryvare 

II. 

jvari (mcxeTaSi) 137 

jiqeTi 24, 27, 64, 65, 66, 72 

jiqia a. 35 

haTai 21 

haosi (Targamosis Ze) 139 

hekate (miTol.) 85, 88 

heliosi (miTol.) 85, 88 

herakle keisari // erakle 102, 

121_123, 143 

heraklia (TrakiaSi) 24, 94, 95 

heraklia (pontoSi) 23 

hermesi (miTol.) 85, 88 

herosi (Targamosis Ze) 139 

hierapolisi // ierapoli 43_49, 

54_56, 141 

hindoeTi 16 

hiso // hÂsi 18 

hromi – ix. romi

wm. andriasa da wm. petres mowodeba macxovris mier 

wm. andrias sakaTedro taZari 

(patra, saberZneTi) 

wm. andrias jvari patris 

sakaTedro taZarSi

anCis xati 

awyuris RvTismSoblis xati biWvinTis RvTismSoblis xati

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