Beskyttelse af havnaturen i indre danske farvande - status og ... - WWF

Indhold
FORORD.................................................................................................................................................3
INDHOLD...............................................................................................................................................5
1 SAMMENFATNING ..........................................................................................................................7
1.1 ENGLISH SUMMARY........................................................................................................................8
2 INDLEDNING .....................................................................................................................................9
3 NATUREN I INDRE DANSKE FARVANDE ..................................................................................9
3.1 DANMARKS GIBRALTARSTRÆDE ....................................................................................................9
3.2 NATUREN I HAVET ........................................................................................................................10
3.2.1 Den bløde bund....................................................................................................................10
3.2.2 Den hårde bund....................................................................................................................11
Stenrev ..................................................................................................................................................... 12
Fiskeri på stenrev ..................................................................................................................................... 14
Stenfiskeri & råstofindvinding ................................................................................................................. 14
3.3 MARINE PLANTER OG DYRS AFHÆNGIGHED AF IKKE-BIOLOGISKE FAKTORER...............................16
3.3.1 Makroalger ..........................................................................................................................16
3.3.2 Marine dyr ...........................................................................................................................16
4. DET ØSTLIGE KATTEGAT – ET SPÆNDENDE HAVOMRÅDE..........................................18
5. BESKYTTELSE AF HAVNATUREN ...........................................................................................23
5.1 NATIONALE BESKYTTELSESOMRÅDER ..........................................................................................23
5.1.1 Vildtreservater .....................................................................................................................23
5.1.2 Naturreservater....................................................................................................................24
5.2 INTERNATIONALE AFTALER OG BESKYTTELSESOMRÅDER.............................................................24
5.2.1 Biodiversitetskonventionen ..................................................................................................24
5.2.2 Ramsarkonventionen............................................................................................................25
5.2.3 EF-Fuglebeskyttelsesdirektivet ............................................................................................25
5.2.4 EF-Habitatdirektivet ............................................................................................................26
5.2.5 Natura 2000 .........................................................................................................................27
5.2.6 Vandrammedirektivet...........................................................................................................28
5.2.7 Helsinkikonventionen...........................................................................................................29
6. EF-HABITATOMRÅDER I UNDERSØGELSESOMRÅDET ...................................................30
7. DISKUSSION ...................................................................................................................................52
7.1 HVILKE OMRÅDER ER BESKYTTET I PRAKSIS? ...............................................................................52
7.1.1 Hirsholmene.........................................................................................................................52
7.1.2 Agerø-området og Skibsted Fjord........................................................................................53
7.1.3 Søkabler og rørledninger .....................................................................................................53
7.1.4 Fareområder........................................................................................................................54
7.1.5 Adgangsbegrænsninger for fiskeri .......................................................................................54
7.2 FUGLEPERSPEKTIVET....................................................................................................................54
7.3 FISKERI MED BUNDSLÆBENDE REDSKABER ..................................................................................56
7.4 RÅSTOFINDVINDING .....................................................................................................................56
8. MARINE HABITATOMRÅDER: ANBEFALEDE UDVIDELSER OG TILFØJELSER .......58
8.1 HVILKE PRINCIPPER BYGGER ANBEFALINGERNE PÅ? ....................................................................58
8.2 ANTAGELSER VEDRØRENDE INTERNATIONALE NATURBESKYTTELSESOMRÅDER..........................59
8.3 Naturbeskyttelseslovens §51 ...................................................................................................59
8.4 ANBEFALEDE UDPEGNINGER: .......................................................................................................60
8.4.1 Hirsholmene:........................................................................................................................61
8.4.2 Herthas Flak:.......................................................................................................................61
8.4.3 Stavns Fjord området (Stavns, Munkegrunde, Hatter Barn): ..............................................62
8.4.4 Hjelm Bugt (Klinteskov Kalkgrund og Bøchers Grund): ....................................................63
8.4.5 Lillebælt & Snævringen: ......................................................................................................63
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