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jif{ !), c+s !^), @)&$ k'if # ut] ;f]daf/ -g]kfn ;+jt\ !!#*_ (Monday 18, December 2017) 

d'No ?= %÷– k[i7 * 

gof“ ;/sf/ u7g ug{ s'g} ;+a}wflgs 

s f 7 d f 8 f } + - j ; _ – j f d 

u7aGwgn] ;+o'Qm kqsf/ 

;Dd]ng ub}{ gofF ;/sf/ aGg 

s'g} ;+a}wflgs c:ki6tf g/x]sf] 

k|i6 kf/]sf] 5 . b/af/dfu{ l:yt 

Ps xf]6ndf cfof]lht ;+o'Qm 

kqsf/ ;Dd]ng af]Nb} Pdfn]sf 

cWoIf s]kL zdf{ cf]nLn] lgjf{rg 

cfof]un] r'gfjsf] dtkl/0ffd 

cf}krfl/s ?kdf ;fj{hlgs ug{ 

s'g} c:ki6tf g/x]sf] atfPsf 

5g\ . cWoIf cf]nLn] ;+ljwfgsf] 

ckAofVof u/]/ c:ki6tf Nofpg 

vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ . 

cf]nLn] ;/sf/n] Psnf}6L 

/fv]sf] k|:tfj cfkm'x?nfO{ dfGo 

gx'g] atfP v]n ;'? ePkl5 

v]nsf] lgod kl/jt{g ug{ kfOb}g 

eGb} o:tf] cfkm'x?nfO{ dfGo gx'g] 

atfP . hgtfsf] cledtsf] 

sb/ /fhgLltdf x'g'kg]{ atfpb} 

k|wfgdGqLsf] s';L{df a;]/ 

/fi6«kltnfO{ c;+a}wflgs sfd 

ug{ gpS;fpg cfu|x u/] . 

gofF ;/sf/ u7g 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–g]kfn /fi6« 

a}+sn] ;f]daf/ !@ ca{ (* s/f]8 

?k}ofFsf] 6«]h/L lan hf/L ug]{ 

ePsf] 5 . /fi6« a}+ssf cg';f/ 

hf/L ldlt oxL k'; $ ut] /xg] 

u/L @* lbg] cjlwsf] b'O{ ca{ 

&% s/f]8, (! lbg] cjlwsf] cf7 

ca{ @# s/f]8 / tLg ;o ^$ 

lbg] cjlwsf] b'O{ ca{ ?k}ofFsf] 

c:ki6tf 5}g M jfd u7aGwg 

ePkl5 g} /fli6«o ;efsf] u7g 

x'g] cGt/fl{\i6«o k|rng klg 

ePsfn] ;f]lx cg';f/ g} x'g] 

cWoIf cf]nLn] atfP . ;/sf/ 

agfpg] s'/f k|ltlglw ;efsf] 

sfd ePsfn] o;sf] /fli6«o 

;ef, k|b]z ;ef;Fu ;DalGwt 

gePsf] cf]nLn] k|i6 k/]sf 5g\ . 

lgjf{rg cfrf/;+lxtf @& ut]b]lv x6\of] 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–lgjf{rg 

cfof]un] k|ltlglw;ef tyf 

k|b]z;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgsf nflu 

ebf} !$ ut]b]lv nfu" u/]sf] lgjf{rg 

cfrf/;+lxtf d+l;/ @& ut]b]lv g} 

x6fPsf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 5 . 

cfof]usf] d+l;/ @^ ut]sf] a}7sn] 

lgjf{rg cfrf/;+lxtf nfu" g/xg] 

lg0f{o u/]sf] cfof]usf k|jQmf 

gj/fh 9sfnn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

lgjf{rg cfrf/;+lxtf 

cg';f/ cfof]un] tf]s]sf lgsfosf 

nflu tf]lsPsf] cjlwe/ ;+lxtf 

nfu" x'g]5 . g]kfn ;/sf/ / g]kfn 

;/sf/sf dGqL, :yfgLo tx, 

:yfgLo txsf sd{rf/L, ;fj{hlgs 

;+:yfsf sfof{no tyf sd{rf/L, 

;/sf/L tyf cw{;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] 

sfof{no tyf sd{rf/L, g]kfnL 

;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L 

an, /fli6«o cg';Gwfg ljefu tyf 

tQt\ lgsfodf sfo{/t ;'/IffsdL{, 

lgjf{rgsf] sfddf ;+nUg sd{rf/L 

/ ;fj{hlgs kb wf/0f u/]sf 

JolQmsf nflu cfof]un] d+l;/ !) 

/ @! ut] x'g] lgjf{rgsf nflu ebf} 

!$ ut]b]lv lgjf{rg cfrf/;+lxtf 

nfu" u/]sf] lyof] . 

cfh !# ca{sf] 6«]h/L lan hf/L x'g] 

6]«h/L lan hf/L ug{ nfluPsf] 

xf] . hf/L ul/g] s'n 6«]h/LdWo]df 

@* lbg] cjlwsf] kl/kSj ldlt 

oxL df3 @ ut], (! lbg] 6«]h/Lsf] 

kl/kSj ldlt @)&$ r}t ^ ut] / 

tLg ;o ^$ lbg] 6« ]h/Lsf] kl/kSj 

ldlt @)&% k'; # ut] /x]sf] 5 . 

o;cl3 klg /fi6« a} +sn] d+l;/ @% 

ut] @* lbg] cjlwsf] tLg ca{ @% 

s/f]8 / (! lbg] cjlwsf] b' 'O{ ca{ 

@^ s/f]8 ?k}ofFsf] 6] «h/L lan hf/L 

u/]sf] lyof] . 

;d:ofu|:td'Qm ;+:yfsf] Psn 

u|fxs shf{ ;Ldf k|fylds k'FhLsf] 

!) k|ltzt 

o;}aLr /fi6« a}+sn] 

;d:ofu|:t 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df 

;/sf/sf] u7g;DaGwL Joj:yf 

g} gePklg /fi6«kltdfkm{t afwf 

c8\sfp km'sfp cfb]z hf/L u/]/ 

gofF ;/sf/ u7gsf] dfu{ k|z:t 

u/]sf] atfP . …d ;Demfpg 

rfxG5', d}n] ;/sf/ 5f]8\bf 

gofF ;/sf/ u7g x'g] Joj:yf 

g} lyPg, /fi6«kltdfkm{t\ afwf 

c8\sfp km'sfP/ gofF ;/sf/nfO{ 

dfu{k|z:t u/]sf] lyPF,Ú cf]nLn] 

eg], …clxn] r'gfjkl5 klg 

k|wfgdGqL k/fdz{sf gfddf 

c:ki6tf a9fO/xg' ePsf] 5 .Ú 

;fy};f];Dd]ngdf dfcf]jfbL 

s]G›sf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn 

k|r08n] cfkm'n] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ 

e]6]/ xfn b]lvPsf] /fli6«o 

;ef u7g ;DalGw ljjfbsf 

ljifodf s'/f u/sf] atfpb} gofF 

lgo'lQmn] g/fd|f] gxf];\ eg]/ 

gofF ;/sf/ aGg /fli6«o ;ef eGb} o; ljifodf syf ga'Gg 

u7g x'g cfjZos gx'g] s'/f cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . 

;+lawfgdf klg k|i6 Joj:yf …dtu0fgf ;lsPsf] ;ft 

/x]sfn] o;af/] e|dk"0f{ k|rf/ lbgleq dtu0fgf ;fj{hlgs k|wfgdGqLsf] Wofgcfsif{0f u/]sf] 

e}/x]sf] pgn] atfP . k//fi6«sf] ug]{ ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf 5, atfP . u7aGwgn] jt{dfg 

gLltsf] af/]df ;f]lwPsf] k|Zgsf] ToxLcg';f/ cfof]un] dt kl/0ffd ;/sf/n] ;+ljwfgsf] unt AofVof 

hjfkm lbb} cf]nLn] ef/tsf] ;fj{hlgs ug{'k5{,Ú cf]nLn] eg] . ub}{ hgtfsf] dtsf] cjd'Nog 

cflwsfl/s jQmJo cfO;s]sf] pgn] cfkm"n] ;/sf/ 5f]8\bf gofF gug{ cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . 

g]kfnnfO{ Pl;;L k"jL{If]qLo 

lqms]6 k|ltof]lutfsf] pkflw 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–Pl;;L !^ 

jif{d'lg -o'–!^_ k"jL{ If]qLo lqms]6 

k|ltof]lutfsf] pkflw g]kfnn] xft 

kf/]sf] 5 . yfONof08sf] 6]8{yfO 

lqms]6 d}bfgdf cfOtaf/ 

ePsf] kmfOgn v]ndf g]kfnn] 

l;+ufk'/nfO{ &! /gn] kfvf 

nufPsf] lyof] . 6; lht]/ 

klxn] Aofl6ª u/]sf] g]kfnn] 

l;+ufk'/nfO{ !*$ /gsf] 

nIo lbPsf] lyof] . hjfkmdf 

l;+ufk'/ #! bzdnj ! cf]e/df 

;a} ljs]6 u'dfpFb} !!@ /gdf 

;d]l6Pkl5 g]kfn RoflDkog 

aGg ;kmn eof] . To;cl3 

klxn] Aofl6ª u/]sf] g]kfnn] 

lgwf{l/t #% cf]e/df ^ ljs]6 

u'dfpFb} !*# /gsf] of]ukmn 

tof/ u/]sf] lyof] . 

g]kfnsf nflu ljzfnljqmd 

s];Ln] ;jf{lws ^# /gsf] 

of]ubfg lbP . l/t uf}tdsf] 

cg'kl:yltdf sKtfgL ;Dxfn]sf 

ljzfnn] &( an v]Nb} Ps 5Ssf 

/ rf/ rf}sfsf] d2tdf ^# /g 

hf]8] . To;}u/L gf/fo0f hf]zLn] 

cljlht $^ /gsf] of]ubfg lbP 

eg] ;'jf; P]/ @@, t[t/fh bf; 

!(, ;'lgn e08f/L !%, k|ltz 

lh;L !) tyf /fhg du/n] # 

/g hf]8] . z'?cftL Aof6\;Dofg 

s'zn dNn Ps /g klg hf]8\g 

g;sL aflxl/P . otf l;+ufk'/sf 

O;fg ;fgj]n] @ ljs]6 lnP . 

l;+ufk'/sf] Aofl6ªtkm{ eg] 

;fOxif{ e]g'uf]kfnn] ;jf{lws #! 

tyf cg{j jfåfn] @! /g hf]8] . 

l;+ufk'/nfO{ sd}df ;d]6\g] qmddf 

g]kfnsf ;"o{ tfdfª / chos'df/ 

n'lgofn] #÷# ljs]6 lnP . 

k|wfgdGqLåf/f awfO{ 

k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ 

b]pjfn] Pl;;L ;f]x| jif{d'lg 

-o'–!^_ k"jL{ If]qLo lqms]6 

k|ltof]lutfsf] pkflw ljh]tf 

g]kfnL v]nf8LnfO{ awfO{ lbPsf 

5g\ . k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] g]kfnn] 

pkflw lht]sfdf v'zL JoQm 

ub}{ ljh]tf v]nf8L awfO{ lbPsf] 

pgsf lghL ;lrj ab|Lk|;fb 

ltjf/Ln] atfP . pgsf cg';f/ 

k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] kl5Nnf] 

;dodf g]kfnL lqms]6 v]nf8Ln] 

ljljw r'gf}tLaLr k|fKt u/]sf] 

;kmntf k|z+;fof]Uo ePsf] 

pNn]v u/]sf lyP . yfONof08sf] 

6]8{yfO{ lqms]6 d}bfgdf 

cfOtaf/ ePsf] kmfOgn 

v]ndf g]kfnn] l;+ufk'/nfO{ &! 

/gn] kfvf nufpFb} pkflw 

lht]sf] xf] . 

vf8L d'n'sdf g]kfnL sfdbf/sf] cj:yf 

;dfg'kfltstkm{sf] dtkl/0ffd ;fj{hlgs 

Pdfn] aGof] klxnf] kf6L{ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–d+l;/ !) 

/ @! ut] ePsf] k|ltlglw;ef 

tyf k|b]z;ef ;b:o lgjf{rgsf] 

;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg 

k|0ffnLtkm{sf] && j6} lhNnfsf] 

dtu0fgf ;lsPsf] 5 . lgjf{rg 

cfof]un] dtu0fgf ;lsPklg 

clGtd glthf ;fj{hlgs ug{ 

eg] ;do nfUg] hgfPsf] 5 . 

cfof]usf k|jQmf gj/fh 9sfnn] 

;j} glthf ;fj{hlgs ug{ cem} 

;do nfUg] atfP . pgn] cfof]un] 

ck8]6 u/]sf] cfFs8f clGtd 

gePsf] klg atfP . lgjf{rg 

cfof]un] cfk\mgf] j]e;fO8df 

r9fPsf] glthf cg';f/ 

;dfg'kfltsdf Pdfn] g} cufl8 

5 . h;n] #! nfv &# xhf/ 

$($ 5 eg] sf+u|];sf] #! nfv 

@* xhf/ #*( dt /x]sf] 5 . 

sf7df8f}+-h;_– 

k|ltlglw;ef / k|b]z;efsf] 

lgjf{rgkl5 d'n'ssf] /fhgLlts 

cj:yf, ;/sf/ u7g, lgjf{rgdf 

k|fKt dtkl/0ffd nufotsf 

ljifodf 5nkmn ug{ g]skf 

dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|n] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf] 

a}7s af]nfPsf] 5 . ;f] kf6L{sf 

k|jQmf kDkmf e';fnsf cg';f/ 

a}7s d+unaf/ laxfg !! ah] 

kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{no k]l/;8fF8fdf 

a:g]5 . g]skf Pdfn];Fu u7aGwg 

u/]/ lgjf{rgdf ;xefuL ePkl5sf] 

cj:yf, kf6L{ Pstf / kf6L{sf] 

;du| cj:yfsf] ljifodf 5nkmn 

ug]{ sfo{;"rL /x]sf] pgn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . 

o:t} gofF hgfb]z k|fKt 

eO;s]kl5 klg ;/sf/n] gofF 

To;}u/L dfcf]jfbL s]G›sf] 

!# nfv # xhf/ &@! dt 5 . 

To:t} /fhkf g]kfnsf] $ nfv 

&@ xhf/ @%$ 5 eg] ;+3Lo 

;dfhjfbL kmf]/dsf] $ nfv &) 

xhf/ @)! 5 . To:t} ljj]szLnf 

;femf kf6L{sf] @ nfv !@ xhf/ 

#^# 5 eg] /fk|kfsf] ! nfv 

(^ xhf/ &*@ dt cfPsf] 5 . 

/fk|kf k|hftflGqssf] ** xhf/ 

;/sf/ u7g ug{ dfu{ k|z:t 

gul//x]sf] ;Gbe{df s;/L 

cufl8 a9\g] eGg] ljifodf ;d]t 

a}7sdf 5nkmn x'g]5 . ;/sf/ 

u7g, kf6L{ Pstf, k|b]z ;/sf/ 

tyf cGo tTsfnLg /fhgLlts 

ljifodf ;d]t a}7s 5nkmn 

s]lGb|t x'g] ;f] kf6L{n] hgfPsf] 

#&& /x]sf] 5 . gofF zlQmsf] *! 

xhf/ *#& dt cfPsf] 5 eg] 

/fhdf]sf] ^@ xhf/ !#$ dt 

cfPsf] 5 . cfof]usf cg';f/ 

cGo bnsf] hDdf # nfv %% 

xhf/ !(@ dt cfPsf] 5 . t/, 

cfof]usf cg';f/ ;j} lhNnfsf] 

dt kl/0ffd OG6«L ug]{ sfd 

eO/x]sfn] of] ;+Vof g} clGtd 

eg] xf]Og . 

dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no a}7s cfh 

5 . jfd u7aGwgsf] kIfdf 

hgtfn] cfk\mgf] ljZjf;;lxtsf] 

dt lbPsf] eGb} dfcf]jfbL 

s]Gb|n] efjL sfol{\bzf / 

d'n'ssf] kl5Nnf] /fhgLlts 

cj:yfsf af/]df ;dfg wf/0ff 

agfpg a}7s af]nfPsf] 

hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . 

sf7df8f}F @ k'; -/f;;_ M cGt/ 

f{li6«o cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ lbj; dgfO/xFbf 

g]kfnaf6 j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] cfk|jf;L 

sfdbf/n] ljb]zdf ef]Ug'k/]sf ;d:of 

;dfwfgtkm{ eg] 7f]; kxn x'g ;ls/x]sf] 

5}g . j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfFbf nfut 

vr{eGbf cTolws /sd sfdbf/;Fu 

c;'Ng], eg]cg';f/sf] sfd / tna 

gkfpg], sl7gk"0f{ sfddf nufOg], s/f/ 

cjlw ;lsPkl5 klg 3/ kms{g glbg], 

cled'vLs/0f tflnd glbO{ k|df0fkq 

dfq} lbg], :jf:Yo k/LIf0fdf nfk/afxL 

ug]{h:tf d'Vo ;d:of ;dfwfgtkm{ ;/sf/ 

/ d]gkfj/ Joj;foL cem} uDeL/ aGg 

g;s]sf] oyfy{tf ;a}sf] ;fd' 5n{+u 5 . 

;g\ !(() df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3n] cfk|jf;L 

sfdbf/ / ltgsf kl/jf/sf] ;b:osf] 

clwsf/ ;+/If0f;DaGwL dxf;lGw kfl/t 

u/]sf] lbgsf] :d/0f ub}{ /fi6«;3+n] ;g\ 

@))) b]lv l8;]Da/ !* nfO{ ljZje/ 

cGt/f{li6«o cfk|jf; lbj;sf ?kdf 

dgfpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . 

ljb]zdf sfd ug{ hfFbf cfk|jf;L 

sfdbf/dfly kfl/>lds tyf cGo 

;]jf;'ljwf, Go"gtd\ dfgjclwsf/, ljb]zL 

k|;ª\u cGt/f{li6«o cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ lbj; 

gful/s ePsf] sf/0f lje]b gxf];\ eGg] 

p2]Zo;lxt of] lbj; ljZje/ dgfOg] 

u/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf klg ;f]daf/ …;'/lIft, 

Jojl:yt / dof{lbt j}b]lzs /f]huf/, 

xfd|f] ;/f]sf/Ú eGg] gf/f;lxt ljljw 

sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L of] lbj; 

dgfO/flvPsf] 5 . xfn ljZje/ sl/a 

@# s/f]8 @) nfv cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf 

?kdf /x]sf] / tLdWo] Ps rf}yfO dflg; 

Plzof tyf k|zfGt If]qdf dfq /x]sf] 

cGt/f{li6«o >d ;+u7g -cfOPncf]_sf] 

tYof+s 5 . 

g]kfnaf6 aif]{gL rf/ nfvsf] 

xf/fxf/Ldf j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf o'jf hfg] 

u/]sf 5g\ . ljb]zdf sl/a #) nfvsf] 

xf/fxf/Ldf g]kfnL sfdbf/ /x]sf] cg'dfg 

ul/P klg cflwsfl/s tYof+s g]kfn 

;/sf/;Fu 5}g . cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] 

xslxt, clwsf/ ;+/If0fdf ;/f]sf/jfnf 

lgsfonfO{ emSemsfpg] / sfdbf/sf] lxtdf 

lg0f{o u/fpg bafa lbg ;s]df dfq} of] 

lbj; dgfpg'sf] ;fy{stf x'g]5 . j}b]lzs 

/f]hfu/Ldf k7fPsf sfdbf/n] k7fPsf] 

ljk|]if0f g} g]kfnsf] cy{tGqsf] d]?b08sf 

?kdf /x]sf] 5 . jflif{s ;ft va{sf] 

xf/fxf/Ldf ljk|]if0f lelqg] u/]sf] 5 . 

g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df ;/sf/n] lj;+ 

@)&@ c;f/ @! ut]af6 vf8Lsf stf/, 

ax/fOg, ;fpbLc/a, b'aO{, s'j]t, cf]dfg 

tyf dn]l;ofsf nflu lgMz'Ns l6s6 

/ k|j]zf1f nfu" ug]{ lg0f{o k"0f{?kdf 

sfof{Gjog ug{ ;lsPdf dfq} klg aif]{gL 

kfFr nfv o'jfn] /fxt dx;'z ug]{5g\ . 

of] lg0f{ocg';f/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg] 

sfdbf/n] cfjlws hLjg aLdf, 

cled'vLs/0f tflnd, :jf:Yo k/LIf0f 

z'Ns / sNof0fsf/L sf]ifsf] z'Ns dfq} 

a'emfpg'k5{ . sfdbf/ cfk"lt{ u/]afkt 

ljb]zsf] ;+:yfn] ;]jf z'Ns glbPsf] 

cj:yfdf dfq} oxfFsf Dofgkfj/ sDkgLn] ? 

!) xhf/;Dd sfdbf/af6 8 af“sL k[i7 @ df

@)&$ k'if # ut], ;f]daf/ 

Monday 18, December 2017 

k|b]z g+ % sf] /fhwfgL bfªdf 

x'gkg]{ dfu ub}{ k|bz{g 

bfª . k|b]z g+ % sf] /fhwfgL bfªdf x'g'kg]{ dfu ub}{ cfOtaf/ 

k|bz{g ePsf] 5 . a'6jn If]qsf hgtfn] ToxfF /fhwfgL agfpg nlaª 

yfn]sf] eGb} bfªdf To;sf] lj/f]wdf k|bz{g ePsf] xf] . t'n;Lk'/df 

cfOtaf/ hgbafa eGb} of{nL lgsfnL sf]0f;ef;d]t ePsf] 5 . 

sf]0f;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ pRr cbfnt t'n;Lk'/d} /x]sf], k|b]z 

k|x/L k|d'vsf] sfof{no t'n;Lk'/d} /x]sf], /]l8of] g]kfnsf] k|b]z:t/Lo 

l/n] :6]zg t'n;Lk'/d} /x]sf], klxnf] a}7ssf nflu ejg;d]t tof/ 

ePsf] cj:yfdf o;ljk/Lt a'6jn /fhwfgL agfOg] xNnf rnfPsfn] 

To;sf] k5fl8 gnfUg;d]t :yfgLojf;LnfO{ ;r]t u/fOPsf] 5 . 

sf]0f;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub} { gful/s ;dfh, bfªsf ;+of]hs 

6Lsf/fd /]UdLn] bfª /fhwfgL ePg eg] Tof] 3f]if0ff ePsf] bz ldg]6d} 

gful/sn] cfGbf]ng 5]8\g] / s]Gb|df 3]g]{;Dd atfP . To:t}, t'n;Lk'/ 

pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf cWoIf jL/axfb'/ /fjtn] bfª /fhwfgL agfpg 

cfkm"x¿ h:tf];'s} sbd rfNg;d]t tof/ ePsf] atfP . 

dlxnf clwsf/sdL{ ;'idf lu/Ln] bfª k|b]z g+ % sf] s]Gb|df 

/x]sf], ;a}eGbf 7"nf] e"uf]n ePsf] x'Fbf j}b]lzs ;Ldf If]qdf /fhwfgL 

/fVg' pko'Qm gx'g] ts{ u/] . …bfª /fhwfgL ePg eg] h:tf];'s} 

d"No r'sfpg bfª kl5 kg]{5}g,Ú pgn] eg] . To:t}, ;xefuLx?n] 

;a} If]qsf] s]Gb| / ;a} lsl;dn] pko'Qm lhNnf bfª /x]sf] ts{ 

u/]sf lyP . 

lghL uf8LnfO{ 6\ofS;Ldf kl/0ft ug{ 

3'; lng] sd{rf/L kqmfp 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–oftfoft AoA:yf sfof{nosf] 6\ofS;L btf{ 

zfvfdf sfo{/t gfoj ;'Aaf O{Zj/aGw' uf}td 3'; /sd;lxt kqmfp 

k/]sf 5g\ . ;]jfu|fxLsf] lghL uf8LnfO{ 6\ofS;Ldf kl/0ft ug] { k|of]hgsf 

nflu ljleGg axfgfdf 3'; dfu ul//x]sf] eGg] ph'/Lsf] cfwf/df 

clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]uaf6 vl6Psf] 6f]nLn] pgnfO{ sfof{no 

kl/;/af6 %) xhf/ 3';;lxt lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . pgLaf/] 

yk cg';Gwfg eO/x]sf] clVtof/n] hgfPsf] 5 . 

…klxrfgsf] cfGbf]ngaf6 gofF :j¿k u|x0fÚ 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–;+3Lo ;dfhjfbL kmf]/d g]kfnsf ;xcWoIf 

/fh]Gb| >]i7n] k|ltlglw;ef tyf k|b]z;efsf] lgjf{rgkl5 cfk\mgf] 

kf6L{df r'gf}tL ylkPsf] / klxrfgsf] cfGbf]ngn] gofF :j¿k u|x0f 

u/]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . kf6L{sf] sf7df8f}F lhNnf ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf 

cfOtaf/ k'iknfn kydf ePsf] lj:tfl/t e]nfdf pgn] ca dw];df 

;+ljwfg sfof{Gjog tyf lnDa"jfg, y?x6, g]jfnufot If]qdf 

klxrfgsf kIfdf ;+3if{ / v;fg If]qdf k|rf/fTds cfGbf]ngsf 

¿kdf cufl8 a9\g] atfP . pgn] yk] , æk|b]z g+ @ sf] klxnf] 

a}7sn] To; k|b]zsf] gfd …dw]z k|b]zÚ /fVg]5 / To;n] klxrfg 

kIfw/sf nflu dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng] 5 . ToxfF x'g] k|To]s sfdn] 

c¿ k|b]znfO{ klg klxrfg k|flKtsf] cfGbf]ngdf nfUg k|]l/t ug]{ 

5 .Æ kf6L{sf lhNnf cWoIf dg/Tg zfSosf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] pQm 

e]nfdf kf6L{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf g]jfM k|b]z ;ldltsf ;xO~rfh{ 

nfnaxfb'/ tfdfª sf7df8f}F lhNnf O~rfh{ /d]zrGb| k|wfgn] 

kmf]/dn] @ g+ k|b]z xfFSg] atfP . 

;/sf/ lgdf{0fdf dfu{k|z:t ug{ cfu|x 

bds-h;_–g]skf -Pdfn]_sf g]tf ;'jf; g]Djfªn] jt{dfg 

;/sf/n] lgjf{rgaf6 k|fKt hgfb]znfO{ tTsfn ;Ddfg u/]/ ;/sf/ 

lgdf{0fdf dfu{k|z:t ug{ k|wfgdGqL;Fu cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . cfOtaf/ 

laxfg kqsf/;Fu s'/f ub{} k"j{;efd'v g]Djfªn] jt{dfg ;/sf/n] 

hgfb]znfO{ /f]Sg] k|of; u/]sf] cf/f]k nufpFb}gofF ;/sf/sf nflu 

tTsfn af6f] vf]lnlbP/ ;xdtLo jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{ cfu|x u/] . 

pgn] eg], æ/fli6«o;ef ljw]ossf gfddf av]8f lems]/ hgfb]zk|fKt 

hgk|ltlglwnfO{ cfk\mgf] sfd ug{af6 al~rt u/fpg vf]Hg' plrt 

x'Fb}g, hgfb]zfg';f/ af6f] ;xh ul/lbg'k5{ .Æ 

/fli6«o;ef ljw]os Nofpg ;/sf/n] l9nf u/]sf sf/0f ;d:of 

cfPsf] atfpFb} g]Djfªn] ;f] ljw]os lgjf{rgcl3 g} Nofpg'kg{]df 

clxn] lgjf{rg kl/0ffd cfO;s]kl5 NofOPsfn] o:tf] ;d:of b]lvPsf] 

ljrf/ JoQm u/] . ;+ljwfgdf ;fdfGo ax'dt egL pNn]v x'Fbfx'Fb} 

Psn ;+qmd0fLo egL lh2L ug{' ;+ljwfg ljk/Lt ePsf] l6Kk0fL ub{} 

pgn] ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf nflu lgjf{rg :jLsf/]/ cl3 a9\g / 

;+ljwfgn] Joj:yf u/]sf k|0ffnLx¿ cfTd;ft\ u/]/ hfg bnx¿nfO{ 

;'emfj lbP . æPdfn] / dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|nfO{ hgtfn] hgfb]z lbPsf 

5g\, ca bDe xf]Og, nlrnf] eP/ cl3 a9\g'sf] ljsNk 5}gÆ, Onfd 

If]q g+ @ af6 k|ltlglw;ef ;b:odf lgjf{lrt g]Djfªn] eg] . 

:yfgLo txdf lzIffsf sd{rf/L uPgg\ 

a}t8L-h;_–lhNnfsf :yfgLo txdf lzIffsf sd{rf/L gx'Fbf 

lzIff sfo{qmd k|efljt ePsf] 5 . lhNnfsf kfFrj6f :yfgLo txdf 

lzIffsf sd{rf/L v6fOP klg tL 7fpFdf cem} sd{rf/L uPsf 5}gg\ . 

lhNnfsf bz/yrGb gu/kflnsf, kf6g gu/kflnsf, bf]u8fs]bf/ 

ufpFkflnsf, l8nfz}gL ufpFkflnsf / d]nf}nL gu/kflnsfdf lzIffsf 

sd{rf/L v6fOP klg sd{rf/Lsf] kbLo dfof{bfqmd gldNbf pgLx¿ 

guPsf x'g\ . :yfgLo txdf gf;' txsfnfO{ sfo{sf/L lhDdf lbObf 

lzIffsf clws[t:t/sf sd{rf/L pgLx¿sf] dftxtdf a:g'kg]{ 

ePsfn] pgLx¿ hfg gdfg]sf] lhNnf lzIff sfof{nosf ljBfno 

lg/LIfs z+s/bQ e§n] hfgsf/L lbP . pgn] eg], æ:yfgLo txdf 

lzIffsf sd{rf/L ghfFbf lzIffsf sfo{qmd ;~rfngdf ;d:of ePsf] 

5 .Æ blnt 5fqj[lQ, ckf+u 5fqj[lQ / ef}lts lgdf{0fsf sfdafx]s 

;a} :yfgLo txn] ug]{ / To;df lzIffsf sd{rf/Lsf] k|ltlglwTj 

x'g' cfjZos lyof] t/ :yfgLo txdf lzIffsf sd{rf/L v6fpg] 

ljifodf s]Gb|d} ;xdlt x'g afFsL] 5 . a}t8Ldf rf/ gu/kflnsf / 

5 ufpFkflnsf u/L !) :yfgLo tx 5g\ . 

lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{nosf] 

ejg pb\3f6g 

/;'jf-h;_–dxfGofoflwjQmf j;Gt/fd e08f/Ln] ;b/d'sfd 

w'~r]df gjlgld{t lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{nosf] pb\3f6g u/]sf 

5g\ . ? b'O{ s/f]8 %* nfv !( xhf/ $$* sf] nfutdf ag]sf] 

ejgdf jlsn cfjf;;d]t !* sf]7f /x]sf] lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsn 

sfof{nosf GofoflwjQmf jf;'b]j nD;fnn] atfP . lj;+ @)&! df 

z'? ePsf] ejg lgdf{0f e"sDksf sf/0f ;DkGg ug{ s]xL l9nfO 

ePsf] 5 .;f] cj;/df dxfGofoflwjQmf e08f/Ln] l56f]5l/tf] ;]jf 

k|bfg ug{ sd{rf/LnfO{ lgb]{zg lbP . ;xGofoflwjQmf ab|Lk|;fb 

d}gfnLn] ejgsf] cf;kf;df s]xL ;'wf/ ug{ cfjZos b]lvPsfn] 

Ol:6d]6 u/fO{ k7fpg lhNnfsf GofoflwjQmfnfO{ lgb]{zg lbP . 

…;/sf/af6 lgo'Qm k|b]z k|d'v;Fu 

zky lnGg eGg' ;j{;QfjfbÚ 

tgx'F-h;_–g]kfnL sfFu|];sf jl/i7 g]tf /fdrGb| kf}8]nn] 

/fli6«o;ef u7g;DaGwL cWofb]z /fi6«kltn] /f]Sg gldNg] atfPsf 

5g\ . u[xlhNnf tgx'F cfOk'u]sf jl/i7 g]tf kf}8]nn] dtbftfnfO{ 

wGojfb lbg] qmddf eg],æb'O{ dlxgfcl3 ;/sf/n] k7fPsf] /fli6«o;ef 

u7g;DaGwL cWofb]z /fi6«kltn] /f]s]/ /fVg' /fd|f] xf]Og .Æ /fli6«o;ef 

u7g geO{ k|ltlglw;ef / k|wfgdGqL rogsf] k|lqmof z'? gx'g] 

kf}8]nsf] egfO lyof] . 

;/sf/n] lgo'Qm u/]sf] k|b]z;ef k|d'v;Fu jfd u7aGwgsf 

g]tfn] zky lnGg eGg' ;j{;Qfjfb / clwgfosjfbsf] ;+s]t ePsf] 

ljrf/ klg pgn] /fv] . cfOtaf/ jl/i7 g]tf kf}8]nn] cfFa'v}/]gLsf] 

j/fbL / ljdngu/sf dtbftfnfO{ e]6]/ wGojfb lbPsf lyP . 

r'gfjdf k/fho ef]u] klg cfkm" lhNnfsf] ljsf; / ;d[l4sf nflu 

nflu/xg] kf}8]nn] atfP . kf}8]n g]skf-Pdfn]_sf s[i0fs'df/ >]i7;Fu 

r'gfjdf k/flht ePsf lyP . 

b'O{sf] d[To' 

wgu9L-h;_–6Lsfk'/af6 wgu9L cfpFb} u/]sf] s0ff{nL l/e/ 

oftfoftsf] ;]!v !!(@ g+sf] ofq'jfxs a; cfOtaf/ k"j{klZrd 

/fhdfu{cGtu{t kg] { s}nfnLsf] /fhLk'/ ;8sv08df b'3{6gf x' Fbf Ps 

hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . ljk/Lt lbzfaf6 cfO/x]sf] csf] { a;nfO{ af6f] 

lbg] qmddf clgolGqt eO{ ;8sd} klN6Fbf 7]ufgf v'Ng g;s]sf ;f]xL 

a;sf ;xrfns !* jifL{o ch' {g g]kfnLsf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' ePsf] 

lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no s}nfnLn] hgfPsf] 5 . b'3{6gfdf a;df ;jf/ 5 

hgf 3fOt] ePsfdf :yfgLo kb\df c:ktfndf pkrf/ eO/x]sf] 5 .o:t} 

s}nfnLsf] 3f]8f3f]8L gu/kflnsf–(sf] kmf/fd ufpFsf] Ps sRrL 3/df 

uP /flt cfunfuL x' Fbf hn]/ &% jifL{of dGw/f wfdLsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . 

cfunfuL x' Fbf 3/df pgLafx]s cGo sf]xL lyPgg\ . 

Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ Gofgf] sDan 

8f]Nkf-h;_–:yfgLo txsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg ePsf] em08} ;ft 

dlxgfkl5 aNn lqk'/f;'Gb/L gu/kflnsfsf] ! g+ j8f sfof{no 

cf}krfl/s ¿kdf ;~rfngdf cfPsf] 5 . j8f sfof{no lglZrt 

7fpFdf gx'Fbf j8f g+ ! sf gful/sx¿ j8f ;lrj / cWoIfnfO{ e]6\g 

;fj{hlgs af6f] / xf]6n rfxfb}{ lxF8\g' k/]sf] cj:yfdf sfof{no 

;~rfngdf NofOPkl5 ;/sf/L ;]jf lngnfO{ ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ 

;xh x'g] cfzf ul/Psf] 5 . P3f/ j6f j8f /x]sf] lqk'/f;'Gb/L 

gu/kflnsfsf cGo !) j6f j8fdf cf}krfl/s ¿kdf j8f sfof{no 

;~rfngdf cfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . 

;a} j8fsf cWoIf tyf ;lrjn] cgf}krfl/s ¿kdf ;Dk"0f{ 

;/sf/L ;]jf ;'ljwf ;DalGwt j8faf6} lbO/x]sf] / cfpg] kmfu'g 

dlxgfleq} !) j6} j8fdf cf}krfl/s ¿kd} sfof{no :yfkgf u/]/ 

;]jfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfOg] gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t 

xL/frGb| w/fnfn] atfP . 

Jf8f sfof{nosf] pb\3f6g ub}{ k|d'v cf]daxfb'/ a'9fn] lgjf{lrt 

k|ltlglwx¿nfO{ sf]xL s;}nfO{ cfu|x k"jf{u|x g/fvL ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ 

;]jf k|jfx ug{ cfu|x u/] . j8f sfof{no pb\3f6gsf] cj;/ kf/]/ 

j8f g+ ! leqsf &) jif{ k'u]sf @% dlxnf / !& k'?if u/L $@ 

j[4j[4fnfO{ ;Ddfg:j¿k Gofgf] sDan ljt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . &% 

jifL{o j[4 lji0f'?b| pkfWofon] cfkm"x¿nfO{ ;Ddfg:j¿k k6s k6s 

Gofgf] sk8f sDan / eQf;d]t lbg yfn]kl5 hLjg lgjf{xdf ;xh 

ePsf] atfP . 

Psn dlxnf rfp/L ;s{]gLn] cfk\mgf klt k/nf]s ePsf] gf} 

jif{ ePsf] / cfk\mgf 5f]/fa'xf/Ln] cg]s ufnLunf]h ul//x]sf a]nf 

;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] j[4eQf / sDann] cfkm"nfO{ PSnf] 

dx;'; gePsf] atfP . ;f] cj;/df ;fljssf] uflj; x'Fbfsf] cj:yf 

/ xfnsf] gu/kflnsfsf] ;+/rgf x'Fbf klg nfdf] ;do;Dd hgtf / 

sfof{nosf] sfddf pTs[i6 ;]jf u/]afkt j8fsf ;xfos n]vfkfn 

xl/rGb| xdfn / sfof{no ;xof]uL b]jl;+x yfkfnfO{ bf];Nnf cf]9fP/ 

;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . 

k'm6an k|ltof]lutf z'? 

kf]v/f-h;_–;+ud Sna kf]v/fåf/f cfof]lht 5}6f}F ;+:s/0fsf] 

;+ud sk k'm6an k|ltof]lutf zlgaf/b]lv kf]v/f /+uzfnfdf z'? 

ePsf] 5 . 

ljefuLo Ps 6f]nL ;z:q k|x/L ansf] PlkPkm;lxt @# 

l6dsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] ;f] k|ltof]lutfsf] ljh]tf l6dn] ? Ps 

nfv @% xhf/, pkljh]tfn] ? ^% xhf/ gub;lxt 6«kmL, d]8n, 

k|df0fkq k|fKt ug]{5g\ . kf]v/f n]vgfy dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+ 

!# sf j8fcWoIf bz{g nfdfn] pb\3f6g ub}{ o'jfnfO{ zf/Ll/s / 

dfgl;s?kdf :j:y /fVg v]ns'bsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] atfP . 

k'; & ut];Dd ;~rfng x'g] ;f] k|ltof]lutfsf] pb\3f6g v]ndf 

x]Dhf o'gfO6]8 Snan] sfhLkf]v/L Pkm;LnfO{ $–! n] k/flht u¥of] 

eg] bf];|f] v]ndf cf/6L ;]G6/n] KjfOG6 :s{nsf] 6f]nLnfO{ @ z"Gon] 

k/flht u/]sf] lyof] . 

kfFr dlxgfb]lv lh;; h'Dnf 

;dGjo clwsf/LljxLg 

h'Dnf-h;_–lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] sfof{no h'Dnf kfFr 

dlxgfb]lv lhNnf ;dGjo clwsf/LljxLg /x]sf] 5 . uPsf] ;fpg 

# ut] h'Dnfsf :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L xl/gf/fo0f a]Njf;] 3/df 

a'af ;~rf] gePsf] eGb} lhNnf aflxl/Pkl5 g pg kms{g' eof] g 

t csf]{ sd{rf/L dGqfnon] h'Dnfdf v6fof] . clxn];Dd ;dGjo 

;ldltn] lhNnf ;dGjo clwsf/L kfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . lhNnf ;dGjo 

;ldltsf] u7g gx'Fb} :yfgLo ljsf; clwsf/L a]Njf;] aflxl/P otf 

clxn];Dd sf]xL gcfpFbf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] b}lgs sfdsfhdf 7"nf] 

afwf k'u]sf] lh;; h'Dnfsf k|d'v nfnaxfb'/ ;fsL{n] atfP . 

k|zf;lgs lhDd]jf/L axg ug]{ k|d'v gx'Fbf ;ldltnfO{ cl3 

a9\g ufx|f] ePsf] pgsf] egfO 5 . sfof{no k|d'v gx'Fbf lgldQ / 

lgldQ gx'Fbf ;LldteGbf klg cem ;Lldtaf6 sfd rnfp ug'{ k/]sf] 

pgn] b'v];f] u/] . k|d'v ;fsL{n] ;+3Lo dfldnf tyf :yfgLo ljsf; 

dGqfnosf ;lrj lbg]z yklnofnfO{ e]6]/ lhNnf k|fljlws sfof{no 

h'Dnfsf k|d'v Ol~hlgo/ /fhs'df/ uf]OtnfO{ cfly{s clwsf/;lxt 

lgldQ lbg nufP/ sfddf s]xL ;xhtf NofP klg dxTjk"0f{ sfd 

ug{÷u/fpg ufx|f] ePsf] atfP .k6sk6s sd{rf/L k7fOlbg 

cg'/f]w ubf{ dGqfnon] xl/gf/fo0f a]Njf;] h'Dnf gcfpg] / xl/k|;fb 

l3ld/]nfO{ k7fpg] atfPsf] pgsf] egfO 5 . k7fpg] elgPsf l3ld/] 

cfOtaf/;Dd klg ;Dks{df gcfPsf] ;dGjo ;ldltn] hgfPsf] 5 . 

tTsfnLg lhlj; 5Fbf b}lgs dfG5]sf] eL8 nfUg] sfof{no lh;; 

?kfGt/0f eO;s]kl5 cfhef]ln lgs} ;'g;fg 5 . 

wgs'6f k|fb]lzs /fhwfgL 

x'g'kg]{ dfu;lxt wgf{ 

wgs'6f-h;_– k|b]z g+ ! sf] /fhwfgL wgs'6f tf]lsg' kg]{ 

dfu ub}{ wgs'6fjf;Ln] cfOtaf/ k"jf{~rn If]qLo k|zf;g sfof{no 

wgs'6fdf wgf{ lbPsf 5g\ . o; cl3 pgLx?n] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ 

;Daf]wg ul/Psf] Ps 1fkgkq klg a'emfPsf lyP . wgs'6fsf] 

dbgrf}saf6 cl3 a9]sf h'n'z ahf/ kl/qmdfkl5 If]qLo k|zf;g 

sfof{no wgs'6f k'u]sf] xf] . ;'/Iff, ef}lts ;+/rgfsf ;fy} ef}uf]lns 

?kn] ;d]t wgs'6f k|fb]lzs /fhwfgLsf pko'Qm ePsf] bfaL 

ub}{ pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 wgs'6fsf cWoIf pd]z l3ld/]n] o;df 

;/sf/nfO{ bafa lbg sfof{nodf wgf{ lbPsf] atfP . 

wgs'6fnfO{ k|b]z g+ ! sf] s]Gb| agfpg uPsf] # lbgb]lv 

cfGbf]ngsf] cu'jfO ul//x]sf wgs'6f pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 / gful/s 

;dfhn] oxfF k|fb]lzs dGqfnosf nflu ef}lts ;+/rgf / kof{Kt 

;/sf/L hldg /x]sf]tkm{ Wofgfsif{0f u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . lhNnfjf;Ln] 

a'emfPsf] 1fkgkqdf wgs'6f P]ltxfl;s 7fpF ePsfn] o;sf] ljsf; 

/ ;d[l4sf nflu /fhwfgL agfpg cfjZos /x]sf] pNn]v 5 . 

wgs'6fdf # ;o (! j6f ;/sf/L ejg / zx/L ljsf;sf] gfddf 

sl/j # ;o /f]kgL hUuf /x]sf] 5 . o; cltl/Qm ljB't\ k|flws/0f / 

wgs'6f gu/kflnsfsf :jfldTjdf klg y'k|} hUuf /x]sf] 5 . 1fkgkq 

a'em\b} lgldQ If]qLo k|zf;s z]jGt bfxfnn] lhNnfjf;Lsf] dfunfO{ 

k|wfgdGqLsf] sfof{no ;dIf k'¥ofOlbg] jrg lbPsf lyP . 

kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|]sf] /ht dxf]T;j 

w'lnv]n-h;_– g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf uf]ljGb 

cfrfo{n] nf]stGqdf dfq} k|]; :jtGqtf ;'lglZrt x'g] atfPsf 5g\ . 

cfOtaf/ sfe|]knf~rf]ssf] ag]kfdf g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 sfe|] 

zfvfsf] @%cf}F :yfkgf lbj;sf cj;/df cfof]lht /ht dxf]T;j 

;df/f]xdf pgn] k|]; :jtGqtf lj?4 rflng] h'g;'s} sbdsf] 86]/ 

d'sflanf ug]{ / nf]stGq / k|]; :jtGqtfsf] lgldQ s;};Fu ;Demf}tf 

gug]{ b[9tf JoQm u/] . 

nf]stGqsf nflu n8\g] ;+:yfsf kqsf/nfO{ cem} klg em'6f d'2f 

nufP/ y'Gg] sfd /fHoaf6 eO/x]sf] pNn]v ub}{ pgn] To:tf] sfd 

gxf]¥ofpg cfu|x;d]t u/] . sfo{qmddf gjlgjf{lrt k|ltlglw;ef 

;dfrf/ 

If]q g+ ! sf ;f+;b u+ufaxfb'/ tfdfª -adWjh_ n] kqsf/sf] ;d:of 

/ pgLx?sf] hLljsf]kfh{gsf] ljifodf cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 v]Ng'kg]{ 

e"ldsfdf s'g} sdL cfpg glbg] atfP . ;df/f]xdf g]kfn kqsf/ 

dxf;+3 sfe|]n] /ht dxf]T;jsf] cj;/df k|sflzt …kqsfl/tf bk{0fÚ 

sf] cWoIf cfrfo{n] ljdf]rg / nf]uf] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf lyP . ;f]xL 

cj;/df dxf;+3 sfe|]knf~rf]s lhNnf zfvfsf] ;+:yfks ;b:ox?, 

;Nnfxsf/x? tyf k"j{WoIfx?nfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf 

kqsf/ dxf;+3n] k|ltlglw;ef tyf k|b]z;efsf gjlgjf{lrt 

;f+;bx?nfO{ awfO{ 1fkg u/]sf] lyof] . 

sfnfl;Nnfdf afof]d]l6«s xflh/L k|0ffnL z'? 

sfnLsf]6-h;_– lhNnfsf] /f:sf]6 gu/kflnsfsf] Ps ljBfnodf 

afof]d]l6«s xflh/L k|0ffnL z'? ePsf] 5 . /f:sf]6 gu/kflnsf–^ df 

/x]sf] sfnfl;Nnf dflj uf]vf{nLufpFdf Ps sfo{qmdaLr xflh/Lsf] 

z'?jft ul/Psf] xf] . /f:sf]6 gu/kflnsfsf pkk|d'v lddsf]zf 

zfxLn] afof]d]l6s xflh/Lsf] pb\3f6g ub{} ljBfnodf x'g] ;dosf] 

nfk/afxLsf] cGTo eP/ ;'zf;gd'vL agfpgsf nflu afof]d]l6s 

xflh/L h?/L /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . 

pgn] lhNnfsf] /f:sf]6 gu/kflnsfn] ;a}eGbf klxn] afof]d]l6s 

xflh/Lsf] z'?jft u/]sfdf wGojfb lbFb} gu/sf ;a} ljBfnodf 

afof]d]l6s xflh/L z'?jft ug{] atfPsf 5g\ . ;f] ljBfnosf 

Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf wd{/fh zfxLn] cfkm"n] ljBfnosf] 

k|ultsf nflu ljleGg If]qsf] ;xof]usf sf/0f ljBfnosf] k|ult 

ePsf] atfpFb} cfufdL lbgdf ljBfnosf] :t/f]Ggltsf nflu cfkm" 

nflu kg{] atfPsf 5g\ . 

lhNnfsf] ;a}eGbf kl5 :yfkgf ePsf] sfnfl;Nnf dflj 

kfFr jif{b]lv dfWolds tx;Dd lghL ;|f]tdf ;~rfng ub{} cfPsf] 

5 . :yfgLojf;Ln] k|To]s 3/af6 b'O{ xhf/ /sd ;+sng u/]sf] 

ljBfnodf klxnf]k6s afof]d]l6s xflh/L z'?jft ePsfdf ljBfnosf 

k|wfgfWofks ;Gt/fh zfxLn] ;a} cleefjssf] ;xof]u / ;d'bfo 

k|ltsf] rf;f]sf sf/0f cfkm"x?n] gofF k|ljlwcg';f/sf] ljBfnonfO{ 

cl3 a9fpg vf]h]sf] atfP . k|wfgfWofks zfxLsf cg';f/ k|fylds 

txdf k|f]h]S6/dfkm{t cWoog u/fpgsf nflu;d]t z'?jft ug{] 

atfPsf 5g\ . ;flGglqj]0fL ufpFkflnsfdf klg afof]d]l6s xflh/Lsf] 

z'?jft ug{] atfOPsf] 5 . 

lhNnf k|zf;gdf Wjlg gful/s j8fkq 

pbok'/-h;_– lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no pbok'/n] cfOtaf/af6 

;]jfu|fxLnfO{ nlIft ub}{ Wjlg gful/s j8f kqsf] z'?jft u/]sf] 

5 . k|zf;g sfof{no pbok'/n] k|jfx ug]{ ;]jfsf] ljifodf k|d'v 

lhNnf clwsf/L k|bLk/fh sF8]nn] gful/s ;]jfsf] ljifodf /]s8{ 

ul/Psf] Wjlg k|zf;g kl/;/df k|;f/0f ul/g]5 . lhNnf k|zf;gdf 

vf;u/L gful/stf, /fxbfgL, ;+:yf btf{nufot k|zf;gn] k|bfg ug]{ 

;]jf / To;sf] lqmofsf] ljifodf gful/snfO{ yfxf kfpgsf nflu 

Wjlw gful/s j8fkqsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] xf] . gful/s ;fdfGo 

hfgsf/Lsf] cefjdf ;]jf k|efljt x'g] ePsfn] gful/snfO{ cfkm"n] 

kfpg] ;]jfsf] ljifodf hfgsf/L af]w u/fpg Wjlg gful/s j8fkq 

k|;f/0fdf /flvPsf] k|lhc sF8]nn] atfP . 

lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no kl/;/leq ca s]xL ;doleq} …k|mL 

jfO{kmfO{Ú If]q;d]t ;~rfngdf Nofpg] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf 

k|zf;gn] k|bfg ug]{ ;fj{hlgs ;]jfsf] ljifodf j]a;fO6df ;d]t 

/flvPsfn] gful/sn] 3/}df a;]/ klg k|zf;gsf] ;]jfsf] ljifodf 

hfgsf/L lng ;lsg] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no pbok'/sf k|zf;sLo 

clws[t s'df/ v8\sfn] atfP . 

lhNNff k|zf;g sfof{no pbok'/n] ;~rfngdf NofPsf] Wjlg 

gful/s j8fkqsf nflu lqo'uf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n] pks/0f 

;xof]u u/]sf] 5 . jfl0fHo ;+3n] sl/a !& xhf/a/fa/sf] pks/0f 

;xof]u u/]s]f xf] . hgtfn] ;/sf/n] lbg] ;]jf ljifodf hfgsf/L 

u/fpgsf nflu pks/0f ;xof]u u/]sf] lqo'uf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf 

cWoIf uh]Gb|s'df/ eutn] hfgsf/L lbP . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no 

pbk'/nfO{ pks/0f ;xof]u u/] ;Fu} lqo'uf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3nfO{ 

wGojfb kq;lxt cfOtaf/ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . /f;; 

ckx/0f d'2fsf km/f/ cleo'Qm 

e]l8x/ kqmfp 

k;f{-h;_–ckx/0f tyf z/L/ aGws d'2fsf km/f/ cleo'QmnfO{ 

k;f{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L cfOtaf/ ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . jL/uGh 

dxfgu/kflnsf–#@, rf]gL{ lgjf;L ;"o{k|sfz u'KtfnfO{ ckx/0f u/]sf] 

cleof]udf ljut Ps jif{b]lv k|x/Lsf] vf]hL ;"rLdf /x]sf k;f{sf] 

sflnsfdfO{ ufpFkflnsf–! d'8nL lgjf;L lzjgfy /fpt e]l8x/nfO{ 

k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/L ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] xf] . 

lj;+ @)&# df3 ( ut] u'KtfnfO{ ckx/0f u/L ? Ps s/f]8 

%) nfv lkm/f}tL dfu u/]sf] d'2fdf km/f/ /xFb} cfPsf e]l8x/nfO{ 

zlgaf/ k;f{sf] l5kx/dfO{ ufpFkflnsf–% leijfaf6 ljz]if ;"rgfsf] 

cfwf/df kqmfp ul/Psf] k|x/L pk/LIfs 8f u0f]z /]UdLn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . pgn] ckx/0f tyf z/L/ aGws d'2fsf km/f/ cleo'Qm e]l8x/ 

;LdfjtL{ ef/tLo zx/df n'sLl5kL a:b} cfPsf] / slxn]sfFxL 

/ftLsf] ;dodf g]kfn lelqg] u/]sf] k"j{;"rgfsf cfwf/df /flt ( 

ah] pgnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lng ;kmn ePsf] atfP . 

6«ØfS6/ klNF6bf Pssf] d[To' 

lhtk'/, slknj:t'-h;_– 6«ØfS6/ klN6Fbf cfOtaf/ oxfF Ps 

o'jssf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . lhNnfsf] af0fu+uf gu/kflnsf–^ em/gL 

eunfk'/df n' # t %@!% g+sf] 6«ØfS6/ tLj|ultdf vf]nfdf gbLhGo 

kbfy{ lng hfg] qmddf clgolGqt eO{ klNF6bf :yfgLo @$ jifL{o 

;'/]z yf¿sf] 36gf:ynd} d[To' ePsf] xf] . 6«ØfS6/ b'3{6gf xF'bf 

Pshgf uDeL/ 3fOt] ePsf] / cGo kfFr eg] xfDkmfn]/ afFRg ;kmn 

ePsf] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no lkk/fsf k|x/L lg/LIfs /fh' sfsL{n] 

hfgsf/L lbP . b'3{6gfdf uDeL/ 3fO{t] ePsf czf]s vqLnfO{ yk 

pkrf/sf nflu a'6an k7fOPsf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . 

z/0ffyL{n] dgfP e'6fg /fli6«o lbj; 

bds-h;_– !!)cf}F e'6fg /fli6«o lbj;sf cj;/ kf/]/ oxfFsf 

e'6fgL z/0ffyL{n] cfkm\gf] b]zsf] ;Demgf ub}{ /fli6«o lbj; dgfPsf 

5g\ . a]n8fFuL SofDk Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf lzlj/ 

kl/;/df lbj; ljleGg sfo{qmd u/L dgfOPsf] xf] . lbj;sf cj;/ 

kf/]/ s/fFt] Pzf]l;Pzg e'6fgn] s/fFt]sf kfFrhgf k|lzIfsnfO{ 

;Ddfg;d]t u/]sf] lyof] . 

o;/L ;Ddflgt x'g] k|lzIfsdf of]u]z rflDnª, dbg pk|]tL, 

8Da/ ;'g'jf/, lji0f' g]Djfª / /]zf lnDa" /x]sf 5g\ . o;}u/L ;f] 

cj;/df ljleGg ;dodf cfof]hgf ul/Psf cGt/f{li6«o s/fFt] 

v]ndf :j0f{kbs ljh]tf !), /ht kbs ljh]tf ^ / sfZo kbs 

ljh]tf rf/;d]t @# hgf v]nf8LnfO{ ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . lzlj/ 

;'k/LjIf]s ;'/]Gb| bfxfnsf] k|d'v cfltYotfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf 

bds–# sf j8fWoIf gjLg a/fn, lzlj/sf k"j{;lrj o'j/fh 

/fO{, /fhdfg u'?ª, lr/~hLjL /fO{, ;fd'bflos ;~hfnsf cWoIf 

g}gl;+x e08f/L, ky/L zlgZr/]sf lzlj/ ;lrj rDkfl;+x /fO{, 

a]n8fFuL lzlj/sf ;lrj 6Lsf/fd /;fOnLnufotn] e'6fgL /fli6«o 

lbj;sf] dxTjsf af/]df af]n]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf v]nf8Ln] k]6df 

df]6/;fOsn s'bfpg], lssn] 3}nf km'6fpg], uLt, g[To;d]t k|:t't 

ul/Psf] lyof] . o;}aLr otf e'6fg /fli6«o d]nldnfk ;ldlt tyf 

e'6fgL z/0ffyL{ Ho]i7 gful/s :jb]z lkmtL{ ;ldltn] tTsfn afFsL 

/x]sf OR5's e'6fgLnfO{ cfkm\gf] b]z kmsf{pg sfo{qmd:yndf Aofg/ 

/fv]/ dfu /fv]sf lyP . 

bf];|f] a[xt\ z}lIfs k|bz{gL tyf !@cf}F 

nf]sg[To k|ltof]lutf ;DkGg 

kf]v/f-h;_– kf]v/fsf] k|bz{gL s]Gb|df ;~rflnt bf];|f] a[xt\ 

z}lIfs k|bz{gL tyf !@cf}F nf]sg[To k|ltof]lutf cfOtaf/ ;lsPsf] 

5 .…Pg KofA;g sf:sLsf] klxrfg, ljBfno lzIffdf Jofjxfl/s 

1fgÚ d"n gf/fsf ;fy g]zgn KofA;g sf:sLsf] cfof]hgfdf 

ePsf] tLglbg] ;f] sfo{qmddf lhNnfsf $$ ljBfnosf ljBfyL{sf] 

;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . ljBfyL{sf] cGt/lglxt k|ltef k|:k'm6g 

u/fpgfsf ;fy} pgLx?n] xfl;n u/]sf] ;}4flGts 1fgnfO{ Jojxf/df 

ptfg]{ p2]Zon] a[xt\ z}lIfs k|bz{gL cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . 

ljBfyL{sf] lzIf0f lqmofsnfkdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] u/L ljBfyL{af6} 

ljBfno lzIffdf cfwfl/t ljifout kf7\oqmdcGtu{t :yfgLo ;|f]t 

/ ;fwgsf] k|of]u u/L hLjgkof]uL lgdf{0f tyf cfljisf/sf ;fdu|L 

z}lIfs k|bz{gLdf /flvPsf] lyof] . 

k|bz{gLdf ljleGg ljBfnosf ljBfyL{ tyf cleefjs u/L 

sl/a %) xhf/ bz{sn] k|bz{gL cjnf]sg u/]sf] g]zgn KofA;g 

sf:sLsf låtLo pkfWoIf s]zjz/0f pkfWofon] hfgsf/L lbP . 

k|bz{gL ;dfkgsf cj;/df g]zgn KofA;gsf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf Ct'/fh 

;fksf]6fn] pTs[i6 z}lIfs k|bz{g ug]{ tyf nf]sg[Todf k|yd, låtLo 

/ t[tLo x'g] 5fq5fqfnfO{ k'/:sf/ tyf k|df0fkq ljt/0f ub}{ o; 

k|sf/sf] k|bz{gLn] ljBfyL{sf] cGt/lglxt k|ltef k|:k'm6gdf ;3fp 

k'¥ofpg] ljZjf; JoQm u/] . g]zgn KofA;g sf:sLsf cWoIf 

/fdaxfb'/ df]rLsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf lhNnf lzIff 

clwsf/L g/]Gb| kf}8]nnufotsf jQmfn] z}lIfs k|bz{gLsf] dxTjdfly 

k|sfz kf/]sf lyP . 

gSsnL n'6kf6sf of]hgfsf/ 

Onfdaf6 kqmfp 

Onfd-h;_– Onfddf a]jfl/;] xltof/ km]nf k/]sf] s]xL lbg 

laTg gkfpFb} ;f]xL 36gfdf ;+nUg 5 hgfnfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] 

5 .kqmfp kg]{df kfFry/ kmfNu'gGb ufpFkflnsf–! a:g] #@ jifL{o 

/fhaxfb'/ tfdfª, lkmlbd gu/kflnsf–!) a:g] ## jifL{o eok|;fb 

ljs, kfFry/ kmfn]n'ª ufpFkflnsf–* a:g] %$ jifL{o dx]Gb|s'df/ 

bhL{, kmfNu'gGb ufpFkflnsf–$ sf $$ jifL{o ?b|s'df/ g]Djfª 

/ kmfNu'gGb ufpFkflnsf–^ sf ^) jifL{o of]u]Gb|k|;fb cfª\bDa] 

/x]sf 5g\ . 

lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no, Onfdn] cfOtaf/ kqsf/;Dd]ng ub}{ 

36gf ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf kqmfp kg]{x?sf 

;fyaf6 ? () nfv !) xhf/ /sd;d]t a/fdb ul/Psf] 

Onfdsf k|x/L k|d'v ljlkg sdf{rfo{{n] hfgsf/L lbP . ;f]xL 

36gfdf ;+nUg ljtf{df]8sf of]u]z /fO{nfO{ klg emfkf lhNnf 

k|x/L sfof{non] kqmfp u/]/ cg';Gwfg eO/x]sf] Onfdsf k|x/L 

k|d'v sdf{rfo{n] hfgsf/L lbP . 

d+l;/ @% ut] /flt Onfdsf] ltNs]gLdf ePsf] n'6kf6sf] 

36gf ;fj{hlgs ePsf] lyof] . k|x/Lsf] cg';Gwfgaf6 pQm 

n'6kf6 elgPsf] 36gf gSsnL ePsf] v'Ng cfPsf] 5 . n'6kf6sf 

of]hgfsf/ /fhaxfb'/n] of]hgfa4 tl/sfn] ;f] 36gf 36fPsf] 

klg cg';Gwfgdf v'n]sf] atfOPsf]] 5 . 

of]hgfsf/ tfdfªn] k|x/L;dIf cfkm";Fu ax'd"No /Tg 5 

egL kfFry/sf /fh]Gb| l/hfn, tf/f e§/fO{ / l8NnL 9'+ufgfnfO{ 

/Tgsf] d"No w]/} kg]{ t/ tkfO{+nfO{ ;:tf]df lbg] eGb} gub ? 

b'O{ s/f]8 %& nfv %* xhf/ / ^) nfv d"No kg]{ hUuf 7u]sf] 

eGb} lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nodf ls6fgL hfx]/L lbOPsf] lyof] . ;f] 

/sd n'l6Psf] b]vfpgnfO{ ;f] 36gfsf] of]hgf u/]sf] klg v'Ng 

cfPsf] 5 . 

g]kfn a+unfb]z;Fu ^–) n] k/flht 

sf7df8f}F-h;_– o"–!% dlxnf ;fkm RoflDkogl;ksf] klxnf] 

v]ndf g]kfn cfof]hs a+unfb]z;Fu ^–) uf]ncGt/n] k/flht 

ePsf] 5 . a+unfb]zsf] /fhwfgL 9fsfl:yt df]xDdb d':tkmf sdn 

/+uzfnfdf a+unfb]zsf nflu tf]x'/f vft'gn] Xofl6«s ul/g\ . cg'lrª 

df]lugLn] b'O{ tyf df]lgsf rfSdfn] Ps uf]n ul/g\ . df]lugLn] 

v]nsf] !#cfF}+ ldg]6df, rSdfn] @^cf}F tyf vft'gn] #@cf}F ldg]6df 

uf]n ul/g\ . klxnf] xfkmsf] OGh'/L ;dodf df]lugLn] csf]{ uf]n ub}{ 

cfkm\gf] l6dnfO{ $–) sf] cu|tf lbnfOg\ . 

o:t}, vft'gn] v]nsf] ^(cfF} / &@cfF}+ ldg]6df uf]n ub}{ Xofl6«s 

k"/f ul/g\ . csf]{ v]ndf ef/tn] e'6fgnfO{ #–) uf]ncGt/n] k/flht 

u¥of] . g]kfnn] bf];|f] v]n d+unaf/ ef/t;Fu v]Ng]5 . 

vf8L=== 

;]jf z'Ns lng kfpg]df cem} klg clwsf+z d]gkfj/ sDkgLn] 

tf]lsPsf]eGbf a9L /sd sfdbf/af6 c;'nL /fv]sf 5g\ . sltko 

Dofgkfj/n] ? Ps nfveGbf a9L /sd lnP/ tL d'n'sdf sfdbf/ 

k7fO/x]sf 5g\ . 

o:t} dn]l;of hfg] g]kfnL sfdbf/af6 ljleGg gfddf p7fO{ 

/flvPsf] ckf/bzL{ /sd klg csf]{ k|d'v ;d:ofsf ?kdf b]vfk/]sf] 

5 . rf/ jif{cl3 g]kfnL sfdbf/ dn]l;of hfg k|j]zf1fsf nflu ? 

&)) / :jf:Yo k/LIf0fsf nflu ? b'O{ xhf/ ^)) dfq} ltg{'kYof]{ . 

larf}nLofsf] rnv]n / ;/sf/L pbf;Lgtfsf sf/0f ;f] /sddf 

pNn]Vo ?kdf j[l4 x'Fb} k|j]zf1f k|lqmofsf nflu clxn] ? !# xhf/ 

$)) / :jf:Yo k/LIf0fsf nflu ? rf/ xhf/ %)) k'u]sf] 5 . 

k|j]zf1f k|lqmof ? &)) af6 j[4L u/L jfg :6k ;]G6/ …cf]P;;LÚsf 

gfddf ? 5 xhf/ &)) / sfdbf/sf] cf}F7f 5fk lnPsf cfwf/df … 

cfOP;;LÚsf] gfddf ? tLg xhf/ @)), o;cl3 :jf:Yo k/LIf0f 

z'Ns ? b'O{ xhf/ ^)) /x]sfdf afof]d]6«Lssf] gfddf ? rf/ xhf/ 

%)) / :jf:Yo k/LIf0fcl3 btf{ z'Nssf nflu …dfOu|fdÚsf] gfddf ? 

tLg xhf/ %)) cfly{s ef/ sfdbf/dfly yf]kl/Fb} cfPsf] 5 . 

rf/ jif{cl3 sfdbf/n] ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmofsf nflu ? tLg xhf/ 

@)) dfq} ltg]{ u/]sfdf lagf s'g} cfwf/ of] rf/ jif{sf] cjlwdf ? 

!$ xhf/ ^)) ylkP/ ? !& xhf/ ()) ckf/bzL{ /sd sfdbf/af6 

c;'nL /flvPsf] 5 . of] /sd dn]l;ofsf] ;/sf/n] geO{ lglZrt 

:jfy{ ;d"xn] ljleGg gfdsf Ph]G;L v8f u/L j[l4 ul/Psf] xf] . 

o;nfO{ x6fpg ;+;b\sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGw tyf >d ;ldltn] 

k6sk6s u[x, k/f/fi6« / >d tyf /f]huf/ dGqfnonfO{ lgb]{zg 

lbP klg larf}lnofsf] k|efjsf sf/0f Tof] sfof{Gjogdf cfpg 

;s]sf] 5}g . 

o:t} /f]huf/Lsf qmddf ljleGg d'n'sdf k'u]sf g]kfnL 

sfdbf/sf] a9\bf] d[To'b/, b'3{6gf klg lrGtfsf] ljifo xf] . ljb]z 

hfg'cl3 /fd|f] cled'vLs/0f / tflnd k|bfg ug{ lbg g;s]s} 

sf/0f of] ;ª\Vof a9\b} uPsf] 5 . o:t} ljb]zsf h]ndf /x]sf 

g]kfnL sfdbf/ / ToxfFsf] c:ktfndf …sf]dfÚdf pkfrf//t g]kfnL 

sfdbf/sf] ljifodf ;d]t /fHon] :ki6 dfkb08 agfpg cfjZos 

5 . o:t} ljb]z hfg'cl3 pgLx?nfO{ tflnd lbP/ bIf sfdbf/sf 

?kdf k7fpg ;s] pgLx?n] sdfpg] /sd w]/} x'g]lyof] . t/ lagf 

tflnd sfdbf/ k7fPs} sf/0f g]kfnL sfdbf/n] ;:tf]df cfkm\gf] 

>d a]Rg afWo 5g\ . ljb]zdf /x]sf g]kfnL cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] 

clwsf/sf] rrf{ ul//xFbf g]kfndf /x]sf ef/t, a+unfb]znufot 

ljleGg d'n'ssf kfFr nfveGbf a9L cfk|jf;L sfdbf/sf] 

clwsf/sf] ljifo klg o; ;Gbe{df rrf{ ug{ cfjZos 5 . g]kfnL 

sfdbf/sf] k|d'v uGtJo vf8L / dn]l;of /xFb} cfPsfdf To;nfO{ 

Go"gLs/0f ub}{ ljsl;t o'/f]k]nL /fi6«df >d uGtJosf] vf]hL 

ug]{, ljBdfg k|d'v >d uGtJo d'n's;Fu tTsfn} >d ;Demf}tf 

ug]{, j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]gnfO{ l56f] kl/dfh{g ug]{, Dofgkfj/sf] 

lgodgsf s8fO ug]{h:tf sfo{nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ ;s] dfq} 

cfk|jf;L sfdbf/ lbj; dgfpg'sf] ;fy{stf x'g]5 . /f;; 

cfh=== 

cj:yfaf6 d'Qm ePsf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Psn u|fxs shf{ 

;Ldf lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 . k'; @ ut] cfOtaf/ ;d:ofu|:t ;+:yfsf] 

gfpFdf kl/kq hf/L ub}{ /fi6« a}+sn] ;d:ofu|:t cj:yfaf6 d'Qm eO{ 

ljQLo sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug]{ ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] tf]lsPsf] r'Qmf k'FhL 

gk'u]sf] cj:yf;Dd Psn u|fxs shf{ ;Ldf k|fylds k'FhLsf] !) 

k|ltzt sfod ug]{ tyf tf]lsPsf] r'Qmf k'FhL k"/f ePsf] cj:yfdf 

xfn ljBdfg Joj:yfcg'?ksf] Psn u|fxs shf{ ;Ldf sfod ug]{ 

lg0f{o ePsf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 .

a+unfb]zsf] $& cf}+ ljho lbj;sf] cj;/df cfOtaf/ ;fFem a+unfb]zsf] /fhb"tfjf;n] sf7df8f}Fdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] ;f+:s[lts 

sfo{qmddf g[To k|:t't ub}{ a+unfb]zL snfsf/ . tl:j/ M /f;; 

cfly{s÷pkTosf 

lqljaf6 cf7 xhf/ 

ljBfyL{ bLlIft x'“b} 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–lqe'jg 

ljZjljBfnon] oxL k'; !^ ut] 

x'g] $#cf}F bLIffGt ;df/f]xdf 

sl/a cf7 xhf/ ljBfyL{ bLIffGt 

;df/f]x nlntk'/l:yt k'Nrf]s 

SofDk;sf] v]n d}bfgdf x'g] 

lqljsf k/LIff lgoGqs 

sfof{nosf ;xlgoGqs kz'klt 

clwsf/Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . 

;df/f]xdf Pdlkmntkm{ ;jf]{Ts[i6 

c+s Nofpg] hgk|zf;g SofDk; 

aNv'sf 8Da/ ;'j]bL / 

:gftsf]Q/tkm{ ;jf]{s[i6 c+s 

Nofpg] ul0ft s]Gb|Lo ljefu, 

s]Gb|Lo SofDk; sLlt{k'/sf 

k|;Ggs'df/ tfdfªnfO{ rfG;n/ 

kbs tyf :gftstkm{ ;jf]{s[i6 

c+s Nofpg] k'Nrf]s SofDk; 

k'Nrf]s nlntk'/sf dl0fs'df/ 

zdf{nfO{ efO; rfG;n/ kbs 

k|bfg ul/g] 5 . pQm cj;/df 

:gftsf]Q/ txdf pTs[i6 c+s 

Nofpg] tfdfª;lxt !% / 

:gfts txdf pTs[i6 Nofpg] 

cf7 hgfnfO{ ljleGg kbs klg 

k|bfg ul/g] ePsf] 5 . 

@)&$ k'; # ut], cfOtaf/ 


# 

k|f}9 / afnaflnsfnfO{ 

lgMz'Ns ljz]if1 ;]jf 

s f 7 d f 8 f } F - h ; _ – 8 N n ' 

cfjf;l:yt ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo 

;]jf kl/ifb\sf] rf}wf+}F ;fw/0f;efn] 

xl/uf]kfn >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf !# 

;b:oLo sfo{sf/L ;ldlt rog 

u/]sf] 5 . ;efn] ;ldltsf 

pkfWoIfdf /fh]Gb|axfb'/ t'nfw/, 

dxf;lrjdf d's'Gbk|;fb kf08], 

;lrjdf k|sfzs'df/ >]i7 / 

sf]iffWoIfdf bofdfg zfxL tyf 

;b:odf k|f s]z/axfb'/ dfgGw/, 

sdnf sfsL{, bLksrGb| uf}td, 

lji0f'Kof/L >]i7, /rgf nfdf, 

/lj /l~ht, ;'ldqf dfgGw/ 

/ xL/fsfhL dxh{gnfO{ rog 

u/]sf] 5 . lj;+ @)#& kmfu'g 

!& ut] e'OFv]nl:yt kf6Ldf 

k/f]ksf/ k|fylds pkrf/ s]Gb| 

:yfkgf u/L ;fdfGo :jf:Yo 

;]jf z'? u/]sf] pQm ;+:yfn] xfn 

sf7df8f}F dxfgu/kflnsf–!%, 

8Nn' cfjf; If]qdf sl/a b'O{ 

/f]kgL ( cfgf If]qkmndf kl/ifb\ 

;~rfng ul//x]sf] 5 . 

rf/ jif{leq %) zØofsf] 

;fd'bflos c:ktfn lgdf{0f 

u/L yk :jf:Yo ;]jf ;~rfng 

ug]{ atfOPsf] 5 . jl/i7 hg/n 

lkmlhl;og, afn/f]u ljz]if1, 

:qL/f]u, xf8hf]gL{ tyf gzf/f]u, 

gfs, sfg, 3fF6L, zNols|of, 

afn vf]k ;]jf, kl/jf/ lgof]hg 

;]jf;d]t ;~rfng ul/Psf] 

5 . ljleGg :jf:Yo ;]jf tyf 

pks/0f yk ub}{ uPsf] pQm 

;+:yfn] PS;/], bGt ;]jf, d'6', 

lkmlhof]y]/fkL, cfFvf k/LIf0f ;]jf, 

cN6«f;fp08, k|of]uzfnf ;]jf, 

3fp ;kmfO ;]jf, cf}ifwfno ;]jf 

k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . gjlgjf{lrt 

dxf;lrj kf08]n] cfufdL lbgdf 

Ho]i7 gful/s / afnaflnsfnfO{ 

ljz]if1 ;]jf lgMz'Ns ;~rfng 

ug{ e"ldsf lgjf{x ul/g] 

k|lta4tf JoQm u/] . 

‘ca nfd nfu]/ uf8L r9\g'xf];\’ 

sf7df8f}F-h;_–tkfO{F ;fj{hlgs 

oftfoft r9\b} x'g'x'G5 < r9\b} x'g'x'G5 

eg] ca bf}8fbf}8 ug'{kb}{g, nfd a;]/ r9\g 

;Sg'x'G5 . ;fj{hlgs ;jf/L ;fwgdf 

r9\bf alnof JolQm hah{:tL r9]/ l;6df 

a:g] / afnaflnsf, j[4, czQm, dlxnf 

/ ;'Ts]/Ln] l;6 gkfPkl5 dxfgu/Lo 

6«flkms k|x/L dxfzfvfn] nfd a;]/ ;jf/L 

r9\g] Joj:yf ldnfpg nfu]sf] xf] . 

dxfzfvfn] cfOtaf/b]lv sf7df8f}F 

pkTosfsf !) :yfgdf nfd nfu]/ ;jf/L 

r9\g] Joj:yf ldnfPsf] xf] . ltgdf 

PgP;L, /Tgkfs{, e[s'6Ld08k, ;fdfv'zL, 

afg]Zj/, sf]6]Zj/, s'k08f]n, h8La'6L / 

rfalxn 5g\ . nfd a;]/ ;jf/L 

r9\bf hf] klxn] cfPsf] xf] To;n] klxnf] 

k|fyldstf kfpg]5 . cl3Nnf] ;fj{hlgs 

oftfoftdf r9\g gkfPsf ofq' nuQ} 

kl5NNff]df hfg kfpg]5g\ . 

a"9fgLns07–PgP;L dfu{sf 

dfOqmf]a; rfns ljj]s tfdfª nfd a:g] 

Joj:yfn] cfkm"x¿nfO{ dflg; psfNg 

tyf cf]/fNg ;xh x'g] atfpF5g\ . ædflg; 

cf]n{g kfPsf] 5}g ofq'nfO{ r9\g xtf/ 

x'Fbf dflg; 7]nd7]n ug{ k'U5g\, sf]xL t 

3fOt] klg x'G5g\,Æ, pgn] eg] . o:t} 

PgP;L– uf]Fua' dfu{sf dfOqmf]a; rfns 

?b| v8\sf nfd a;]/ r9\g] afgL a;fNbf 

;jf/L rfns tyf ;xrfnsnfO{ sfd ug{ 

;xh x'g] :ki6 u5{g . ædflg; Ps ldg]6 

eP klg rfF8f] uGtJo:yndf hfg vf]Hbf 

;jf/L eL8 x'g] u5{,Æ, pgn] eg] . 

PgP;Laf6 a"9fgLns07 hfg nfu]sL 

/flwsf ;fksf]6f a; sxfF kfOG5 eGg]af/] 

;"rgfkf6L g/fVbf cGof]ndf k/]sf] u'gf;f] 

ul5{g . ænfOg t a:g] elgof], s'g ?6sf] 

uf8L s'g 7fpFdf kfOG5 eGg]af/] xfdLn] 

s;/L yfxf kfpg"Æ, pgn] eg] . oL s]jn 

k|ltlglw kfq dfq x'g\ . w]/} ofq' ;jf/Ldf x'g] 

b}lgs ws]nfws]nsf sf/0f lxF8]/ eP klg 

uGtJo:yndf hfg afWo 5g\ . s]xL dlxgf 

cufl8 dfq sf7df8f} F v/Laf]6– jg:ynL x' Fb} 

/Tgkfs{ rNg] ;jf/L ;fwgn] ofq'nfO{ nfddf 

a;]/ ;jf/L r9\g] Joj:yf ldnfPsf] lyof] . 

pQm sfo{qmd clxn] klg ;~rfngd} 5 . 

dxfzfvfsf k|d'v ;j] {Gb| vgfn ofq'n] ;jf/L 

r9\bf ef]Ug'k/]sf] b'Mvsi6df sdL Nofpg 

dxfzfvfn] o:tf] cleofg ;~rfng u/]sf] 

hfgsf/L lbG5g . æofq' b'Mv kfP/ ;jf/Ldf 

hfg'eGbf Psl5g ;+od eP/ ;jf/Ldf 

;'/lIft uGtJo:yn;Dd k'Ugsf nflu xfdLn] 

of] sfo{qmd rnfPsf xf} FÆ, pgn] eg] . 

dxfzfvfn] ;f] cleofg Ps xKtf;Dd 

k|To]s lbg laxfg–a]n'sf sfof{no ;~rfng 

x'g] ;dodf rnfpg] 5 . z'?sf] ;dodf 

cleofg ;~rfngdf s]xL ;d:of k/] klg 

lj:tf/} afgL kb}{ hfg] dxfzfvfn] ljZjf; 

lnPsf] 5 . dof{lbt / Jojl:yt 6«flkms 

xf];\ eGg] rfxgf dxfzfvfsf] /x]sf] pgsf] 

egfO 5 . ;f] cleofgnfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg 

dxfzfvfn] :sfp6 / :jod\;]js;d]t 

kl/rfng ug]{5 . gofF ;8ssf] k|j]zåf/ 

PgP;Laf6 dfq sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf *^ 

:yfgdf hfg] ;jf/L kfOG5 . pQm :yfgdf 

cleofg ;~rfng u/] w]/} 7fpFdf ;xof]u 

k'Ug] ljZjf; dxfzfvfsf] 5 . 

;flxTo / lrlsT;ssf] 

a]hf]8 ;+ud ;flxTo d]nf 

sf7df8f}F-h;_– cfFvfsf] efsf 

a'em]/ cfp ;':t/L ;':t/L, dw'/ uLt 

uhn ufp ;':t/L ;':t/L bz{sn] 

el/Psf] xndf Psgf; tfnL alh/x]sf 

5 . uhndf elgP em}F jftfj/0f 

Psfu|df ;':t/L;':t/L ;':tfO/x]sf] 

5 . nfU5 bz{s Zjf;sf] cfjfh klg 

lgsfNg tof/ 5}gg\ . o:t} b[Zo lyof] 

zlgaf/sf] hdnl:yt gfr3/df .;]tf] 

Pk|f]g nufP/ c:ktfnsf alx/ª\u 

/ zNosIf sIfdf la/fdL;Fu pgsf 

;d:of a'e\mb} u/]sf e]l6g] 

lrlsT;s zlgaf/ eg] cnUu} /+udf 

e]l6P . hdnl:yt /fli6«o gfr3/sf] 

dflyNnf] sIfdf zlgaf/ e]nf ePsf 

lrlsT;ssf ;fydf g t la/fdL 

lyP, g t ToxfF s'g} lzlj/ rln/x]sf] 

lyof] . lrlsT;f lzIff / ;]jfnfO{ 

;xh ?kdf tLg s/f]8 g]kfnLsf] 

kx'Frdf k'¥ofpg'k5{, hgtfsf 

5f]/f5f]/Ln] ;lhn} ;:Tff–;'ne 

?kdf lrlsT;s aGg kfpg'k5{ eGb} 

!#cf}F k6s;Dd cgzg a:g'ePsf 

k|f8f uf]ljGb s];L klg 5'§} pT;fxdf 

pkl:yt lyP . 

pgL dfq xf]Og, xftdf l;l/Gh / 

lr/kmf/sf aGbf]a:tLsf ;fdfg;lxt 

u+ufnfnsf] zNosIfdf x'g] 8f /fd]Zj/ 

sf]O/fnf, 8f ;dL/ zdf{, :jf:Yosf 

efiffnfO{ hgtfn] a'em\g'k5{ eGb} 

;~rf/dfWodaf6 jsfnt ug]{ 8f ;'af]w 

Kofs'/]nnufotsf] lrlsT;f lzIff k9\b} 

u/]sf ljBfyL{nufot 6f]nL gfr3/df 

e]nf ePsf lyP . 8f s];L;lxtsf] 

e]nf elg;s]kl5 sltkon] 

;f]Rg'xf]nf 8fS6/;fk km]l/ cgzg a:g 

t yfNg'ePg < 

kSs} xf]Og . To;/L e]nf x'g'sf] 

;Gb{e lyof], d]l8sn ln6«]r/ d]nf 

@)!& . pkl:yt lrlsT;s s'g} 

lrlsT;sLo ;]ldgf/df geP/ 5'§} 

ljwf ;flxTosf] ljwfdf cfkm\gf 

cGt/d'vL k|ltef, l;h{gf ;'gfpg / 

;'Gg cfPsf lyP . ;w}F /fhgLlts 

bn / d]l8sn dflkmofnfO{ ufnL ub}{ 

cgzg al;/xg] 8f s];L cfOtaf/ 

cfkm\g} syf ;'gfpg cfPsf lyP . hxfF 

cfpF5 ljklQ ToxfF k'U5g\ 8f s];L 

eGg] plQm pgsf] ofqf cg'ej ;'Gb} 

ubf{ hf] sf]xLn] ;f]Rg ;Sy] . b]zsf 

;flassf &% lhNnf sDtLdf t]x/fO{ 

k'u]sf] eGb} s];Ln] pkrf/ ;]jfs} 

nflu cfkm"nfO{ ljleGg 7fpFdf k'Ub} 

ubf{ x/]s :d[lt Sofd/f s}b ug{ dg 

nfUg] ?lrsf af/]df bz{snfO{ atfP . 

b]zleq / aflx/ xfO6L, kfl:stfg, 

ef/tnufotsf ljleGg b]zdf 

ljklQsf ;do k'u]/ la/fdLnfO{ 

pkrf/ ug]{ qmddf lnOPsf t:aL/ 

x]bf{ bz{snfO{ ToxL 7fpFdf k'u]sf] 

efg x'GYof] . tL t:aL/ s'g} k]z]j/ 

kmf]6f]u|fkm/sf] eGbf sd nfUb}gy] . 

lrlsT;s / ;lxTosf] ;lDd>0f 

slt nf]enfUbf] 5 eGg] a'em\g 

hg:jf:Yo Ps bh{geGbf a9L ;flxTo 

s[lt k|sfzg ul/;Sg'ePsf k|hgg 

tyf afn:jf:Yo ljz]if1 8f /jLGb| 

;dL/sf nw'syf ;'g] k'U5 . clncln 

Jo+Uo t/ 5f]6f] / yf]/} zAbdf rfx]sf] 

;Gb]z ;lhn} kf7s;Dd k'¥ofpg 

vlKk; 8f ;dL/n] lrlsTsLo k]zfsf 

qmddf eO/xg] ultljlwnfO{ n3'syfdf 

;d]6\]sf lyP . ;flxTo If]q cem 

d]l8sn ;flxTo If]qdf Pp6f 5'6fpg} 

gx'g] gfd sdfpg'ePsf 8f ;dL/sf 

t];|f] cfFvf -@)%#_, kf]:6df6{d 

-@)^@_, ljsL/0f -@)^#_, O{Zj/sf 

syf -@)^%_, ch{'gb[li6 -@)^&_, 

c0f' / kxf8 -@)^(_, Joª\Uod z/0f+ 

uG5fdL -@)&)_ / PsnJo b[li6 

-@)&!_nufot cGo ljwfsf s[lt klg 

k|sflzt 5g\ . 

lrlsT;sLo Jo:ttfsf aLraf6 

;'6'Ss ;do lgsfn]/ b'O{ k':ts;d]t 

lgsfln;s]sf d'6'/f]u ljz]if1 tyf 

;h{g 8f /fd]z sf]O/fnfn] ;flxTo 

n]vgdf lrlsT;f k]zfM ;fws ls 

afws eg]/ cfkm\gf cg'ej ;f6\b} ubf{ 

nfUof] c:ktfn t ;flxTosf nflu 

syfsf] e08f/ kf] xf] . lrlsT;sLo 

;]jfdf cfpg k9\b} u/]sf lrlsT;ssf 

ljBfyL{nfO{ pgL eGb} lyP, ……a'em\g / 

b]Vg ;s]df c:ktfndf hlt n]vgsf 

nflu ljifoj:t' / syf cGoq e]l6Gg, 

olt xf] To;nfO{ xfdLn] ;flxTodf 

9fNg ;Sg'k5{ .ÚÚ 

lrlsT;sx? k]z]j/ n]vsh:tf] 

x'g ;xh gePsf] pgsf] cg'ej lyof] . 

cfof]hsdWosf Ps lrlsT;fzf:q cWoog 

;+:yfg cfOcf]Pdsf PdlalaP;sf ljBfyL{ 

ljifb\ bfxfnn] lrlsT;sn] ;dfpg] 

sndn] la/fdLsf dfq cf}iflwsf] gfd 

dfq n]Vb}gg\, ;flxTosf zAbnfO{ s[ltdf 

ptfg{ klg ;S5g\ eGg] d]]nfdf ;'gfOPsf 

;flxTo l;h{gfn] k|:6 kf/]sf] atfpFb} 

lyP . 8f ;/f]h lwtfnn] klg snf / 

;flxTosf af/]df atfO/xFbf lrlsT;sx? 

kf7\ok':tsdf dfq xf]Og, ;flxTo ljwfdf 

a]hf]8 bvnaf/] cfFsng ug{ ;lsGYof] . 

;flxTosf/ b'u{ddf /x]/ ToxfFsf] s'/LltnfO{ 

lrg{;d]t nflukg]{ kl/rfl/sf /fwf kf}8]n, 

;'nf]rgf dfgGw/sf sljtfn] ;flxTosf] 

ulx/fOdf k'¥ofPsf] lyof] . 

gfr3/sf k|aGw lgb]{zs /fh]z 

yfkfn] lrlsT;ssf] ;flxTo l;h{gfn] 

gofF cg'ej ePsf] eGb} cfufdL lbg 

lrlsT;ssf ;flxTo sfo{qmdsf nflu 

lgz'Ns xn pknAw u/fpg] k|lta4tf 

JoQm u/] . lbge/ 8]S;df a;]/ 

lrlsT;ssf n]v, :jf:Yos} ;dfrf/, 

la/fdL x'gaf6 arfpg] pkfosf 

atfpg zAbx?;Fu v]Ng] :jf:Yova/ 

klqsfsf 8]S; ;Dkfbg tyf uhnsf/ 

hgs kf}8\ofnn] lrlsT;ssf aLrdf 

cfkm\gf uhn ufpFb} ubf{ gf}nf] cg'ej 

ePsf] k|ltlqmof lbO/x]sf lyP . 

d]nfsf] la6 dfg'{cl3 kf}8\ofn 

eGb} lyP — 

cfFwLaLr PSnf] xF'bf gfp 

lhGbuLsf] 

gb'v]sf] s:sf] 5 / 3fp 

lhGbuLsf] 

;don] b]vfpF5 lxF8\g'kg]{ af6f] 

lgotL rflnlbG5 kfp lhGbuLsf] . 

/f;; 

Hathaway Complex, 4th Floor 

Lainchaur, Kathmandu, Nepal 

Hot Line : 01-4024065 

Email : bestremit@brn.com.np

F 

{ 

@)&$ k'; # ut], ;f]daf/ 


;DkfbsLo 

sfg'gsf] ckJofVof 

s]xL lbgotf ;/sf/sf] u7gsf] ljjfbdf ljleGg 9+usf 

km/s dtx? ;fj{hlgs eO/x]sf 5g\ . o:tf km/s dtx? 

:jtGq / lgikIf 9+un] eGbf klg cf–cfkm\gf] :jfy{ cg's'n 

JofVof ugf{n] emg\ cfz+sf cGof}ntf / ;z+o k}bf ePsf] 5 . 

To;dfly klg clxn] nf]stflGqs larf/wf/sf sfg"gljbx? / 

afd larf/wf/sf sfg"gljbx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] 9+un] ;+ljwfgsf] 

JofVof ubf{ yk ljjfb a9]sf] 5 . zlgjf/ k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ 

b]pjfn] ;+ljwfgljb\x?;Fu k/fdz{ ubf{ ;/sf/n] k]z u/]sf] 

ljw]os /fli6«kltn] /f]Sg jf kmsf{pg gldNg] ;'emfj ;+ljwfgljb\ 

x?n] lbPsf lyP eg] Pdfn] cWoIf cf]nLnfO{ ;'emfj lbPsf 

sfg"gljbx?n] ;/sf/ u7g ug{ ljw]osn] g/f]sg] atfpsf 

lyP . nf]stflGqs kIfsf sfg'gljbx?n] ;/sf/n] b'O{ dlxgf 

cl3 /fli6«o ;ef u7g ;DjGwL cWofb]z k|dfl0fs/0fsf nflu 

/fi6«klt sfof{nodf k]z u/]sf] lyof] . t/, /fi6«kltn] s'g} bnsf] 

k|efjdf pQm ljw]os c8\sfP/ /fVg' u}/;+j}wflgs sfd ePsf] 

sfg'gljb\x?sf] lgisif{ lyof] . 

;+ljwfgcg';f/ ;/sf/n] k]z u/]sf] ljw]os /fi6«kltn] /f]Sg 

gldNg] eGb} ;+ljwfgljbn] clxn] /fli6«o;ef u7g u/]kl5 dfq} 

k|ltlglw;efsf] ;dfg'kfltstkm{sf] ;+Vof afF8kmfF6 x'g]ePsfn] 

/fi6«kltn] tTsfn cl3 a9fpg'k5{ egsf lyP . ;+ljwfgcg';f/ 

;/sf/n] k]z u/]sf] ljw]os /f]Sg' u}/;+j}wflgs sfo{ ePsf] ;f] 

kIfsf] wf/0ff 5 . ;+ljwfgdf /fli6«o;ef u7g gu/L k|ltlglw;efsf] 

;dfg'kfltstkm{sf] pd]bjf/ rog x'g g;Sg] :ki6 Joj:yf ePsf] 

atfpFb} klxnf /fli6«o ;ef u7g ePkl5 dfq} k|ltlglw;efn] 

k"0f{tf kfpg] / k|wfgdGqL rogsf] k|lqmof ;'? x'g] ;f] kIfsf] 

bfaL 5 eg] afd kifsfn] eg] ;/sf/ u7gdf ljw]os afws gx'g] 

atfpFb} t'?Gt ;/sf/ u7gsf] k|lqmof cl3 a9fpg eg]sf 5g\ . 

o;n] sfg"gljbx? ;xL cy{df ;+ljwfgsf] Jofvof ul//x]sf 5g\ 

ls cfkm\gf] kIfsf] ;jfy{ cg's'n rn]sf 5g\ egg] cGof}ntf 

>[hgf ePsf] 5 . Ps kIf ;/sf/n] k]z u/]sf] ljw]os /f]Sg' 

/fi6«kltsf] c;+j}wflgs sfo{ x'g] atfpF5 eg] csf]{ kIf To;sf] 

7Ls pN6f] . cj:yf o:tf] 5 . Ps kIf ;/sf/n] k]z u/]sf] 

Psn ;+qmdl0fo dtsf] cfwf/df /fli6«o;ef u7g x'g] k|fjwfg 

;+ljwfgsf] l:k|6cg';f/ l7s ePsf] atfpF5g eg] csf]{ kIf 

lans'n unt xf] eG5 . 

;+ljwfg / P]g sfg'gn] /fli6«o ;ef u7g geO{ k|ltlglw;efn] 

k"0f{tf gkfpg] / k|ltlglw;efn] k"0f{tf gkfO{ k|wfgdGqL rog k|lqmof 

cl3 a9\g g;Sg] :ki6 Joj:yf ePsf] Pp6f kIfn] bfaL ul//xFbf 

csf] { kIf Tof] bfaLnfO{ k'/} c:jLsf/ u5{ . To;}u/L ;+ljwfgljb\ 

x?n] r'gfjsf] ldlt 3f]if0ff u/]/ k|ltlglw;ef lj36g ePkl5g} 

jt{dfg ;/sf/ s]o/ 6]s]/sf] x}l;otdf ePsf] atfpb} k|wfgdGqLn] 

/fhLgfdf ug{ cfjZos gePsf] atfO/x]sf 5g\ eg] csf] [ kIfsfn] 

k|wfgdGqLn] tTsfn /fhLgfdf u/]/ gofF ;/sf/ u7gsf nflu 

af6f] vf]Ng'k5{ elg/x]sf 5g\ . sfdrnfp ;/sf/ ePsfn] klg 

of] ;/sf/n] ;+ljwfgsf] s]o/ ug{ 'kg] { x' Fbf /fli6«o ;ef u7gsf] 

cWofb]z, k|b]z k|d'v tf]Sg] nufotsf sfd ;DkGg ug{ 'kg] { Pp6f 

kIfn] bfaL ul//xFbf csf] { kIfn] eg] k|wfgdGqLn] xf/]kl5 ;Qf 

sAhf ug{ vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nufO/x]sf] 5 . o;n] hgtfsf] tx;Dd 

clxn] cGof}ntf a9fPsf] 5 . Pp6} ;+ljwfgsf a" Fbfx?sf] km/s– 

km/s kIfn] km/s–km/s 9+un] JofVof ug' {n] pgLx?sf] lgotdfly 

g} k|ZglrGx v8f ePsf] 5 . o;}n] ;+ljwfgsf] ckAofVof u/]/ 

hgtfdf e|d 5g] { sfd tTsfn aGb x'g'k5{ . 

k|]/s k|;Ë 

k|]/s zAbsf ] hfb" 

cg'/f]w 

PlNj; lk|:n] 

PlNj; lk|:n] Tof] gfd xf] h;n] ;+lut hutdf lgSs} 7"nf] 

txNsf dRrfPsf] lyof] . pgn] lut ufP/} ck"j{ gfd / bfd 

sdfpg ;kmn ePsf lyP . pgnfO{ cfh klg Ú/s P08 /f]nÚ 

;+uLtsf] afbzfx eg]/ lrlgG5 . PlNj; lk|:n]nfO{ ;kmntfsf] Tof] 

eJo prfO;Dd k'of{pgsf nflu pgsL cfdfn] af]n]sf] k|]/s zAbn] 

dxTjk"0f{ e'ldsf v]n]sf] lyof] . pgL ;fgf] 5Fbf, pgsf] hGdlbgsf] 

cj;/df pgsf cfdfn] pgnfO{ lutf/ pkxf/:j¿k lblG5g\ / 

elG5g\ …afa' ltdL ;fdfGo dfG5] xf]Ogf} . ltdLdf Tof] v'aL 5 h;n] 

ltdLnfO{ k|Voft agfpg ;S5 .Ú 

pgsL cfdfn] af]n]sf oL zAbx¿n] pgsf] Åbodf otL 

k|]/0ff eof]{ ls pgn] To;nfO{ hLjge/ ;lDem/x] . oL zAbx¿n] 

pgnfO{ Tof] ljZjf; lbnfof] h;sf] cfwf/df 6]s]/ pgL ljZjljVoft 

aGg ;s] . tL zAbx¿df hfb' n's]sf] x'G5 h;n] ÅbonfO{ 5'g 

;Sb5g\ . k|]/0ffsf b'O{ zAbx¿g} hLjg abNgsf nflu sfkmL x'G5 

h;sf] z;Qm pbfx/0f x'g\ PlNj; lk|:n] . o;y{ cfˆgf glhssf 

nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{ slxNo} gr'sf}+ . 

xfd|f] k|of; tkfO{+nfO{ s:tf] nflu/x]sf] 5 < tkfO{sf u'gf;f], 

cfnf]rgf / ;'emfjn] hg;jfnnfO{ :t/Lo aGg / ;xL af6f]df lxF8\g 

;xof]u ug]{5 . To;}n] xfdL tkfO{+sf] /rgfTds cfnf]rgf / cd"No 

;'emfjsf] ck]Iff u5f}{+, s[kof n]v]/ xfdLnfO{ k7fpg'xf];\ . n]Vg'xf];\, 

d'n'ssf ;d;fdlos 36gfqmdk|ltsf] cfk\mgf] k|ltlqmof, n]v /rgf;Fu} 

cfk\mgf] :ki6 kl/ro / tl:a/ klg tnsf] 7]ugfdf k7fpg' xf]nf . 

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casf] lrlgofF ljsf; s:tf] xf]nf < 

rLgsf] cfly{s ljsf;n] p;nfO{ ljZjsf] 

klxnf] cy{tGqsf ?kdf slxn] / s;/L 

k'/\ofpnf < rLgn] k"jf{wf/ / k|ljlwdf u/]sf] 

k|ultn] ljZjnfO{ s:tf] kmfObf k'Unf tyf 

p;sf] dxTjfsf+IfL cfof]hgf lacf/cfOsf] 

;~rfng s;/L xf]nf eGg] ljifodf oltv]/ 

ljZjdf g} ax; hf/L 5 . ljZjsf] sl/a ^$ 

k|ltzt hg;+Vof ;d]6]sf] PSsfO;f}F ztflAbsf] 

;a}eGbf dxTjfsf+IfL dflgPsf] lacf/cfO 

of]hgfsf sf/0f klg ljZjdf rLgsf] rf;f] 

/ rrf{ a9]sf] xf] . o;;Fu} ljZjsf] bf];|f] 

7"nf] cy{tGq rLgn] kl5Nnf] ;oddf u/]sf] 

cfly{s / k|ljlwsf] ljsf;, /]n;]jf / cGo 

k"jf{wf/df df/]sf] nf]enfUbf] km8\sf]n] ubf{ 

rLgsf] rrf{n] nueu ljZjs} ;~rf/df 

:yfg kfpg] u/]sf] 5 . rLgsf] rrf{ p;sf] 

cfly{s ljsf; / ;d[l4sf cltl/Qm ut 

cS6f]a/df ;DkGg lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] 

!( cf}F sfFu|];kl5 emg r'lng k'Uof] . /fi6«klt 

l;n] cl3 ;fg'{ePsf] lacf/cfOsf] ljsf;df 

/k\mtf/, k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; / nufgLdf 

NofOPsf gofF sfo{qmd, csf{] kfFr jif{df 

ul/g] cfly{s ljsf; / ;du|df lrlgofF 

df6f]df ljsl;t x'g] ;dfhjfbL Joj:yfsf] 

JofVof / ;+ljwfgd} l; lrglkmªjfbsf] 

Joj:yf tyf pxfF cfufdL kfFr jif{sf nflu 

k'g /fi6«kltdf lgjf{lrt x'g'n] rLgsf] rrf{ 

ePsf] xf] . 

jf:tjdf pxfFsf] of] kfFrjif{] sfo{sfn 

rLgsf] cfly{s / k|fljlw ljsf;df ;kmn 

dflgPsf] 5 . pxfF g]t[Tjdf cfPkl5 lrlgofF 

cy{tGqsf] pRr ultn] a[l4 eO/x]sf] / 

ljZjsf k|efjzfnL d'n'ssf] cu|:yfgdf 

rLg /xg ;kmn ePsf] k|ltlqmof lbg'x'G5 

rfOlgh Ps]8]dL ckm ;f]l;on ;fOG;]hsf 

cWoIf jfª j]Sjfª . rLgsf] u|fx:Yo pTkfbg 

ljZjsf] bf]>f] 7"nf] :yfgdf /xg]u/L 

pNn]vgLo ?kdf a[l4 ePsf] 5 . rLgn] 

rf}tkmL{ ;'wf/ ul//x]sf] 5 / k|hftflGqs 

Pjd\ sfg"gL zf;gsf] ljsf; / k|ljlw tyf 

kof{j/0fLo ?kdf klg 7"nf] pknlAw xfl;n 

u/]sf] pxfFsf] larf/ 5 . pxfF rLgn] ljZjsf] 

cy{tGqsf] a[l4df lbPsf] of]ubfg #) k|ltzt 

eGbf a9L /x]sf] atfpg'x'G5 . s'g} Ps b]zn] 

u/]sf] of] ;a}eGbf a9L cfly{s of]ubfg xf] . 

oL pknlAw;Fu} cfufdL lbgdf rLgn] ljZj 

zflGt / ljsf;nfO{ cl3 a9fpg clws 

k|of; ug]{ pxfF atfpg'x'G5 . 

l; ;Qfdf cfPkl5 rLgsf] cfly{s 

ljrf/ 

lrlgofF cfly{s ljsf;sf] rrf{ / g]kfn 

t]x|y'dsf] cf7/fO{ ufpFkflnsfsf] 

s]Gb| ;+qmflGtahf/df eLif0f cfunfuL ePsf] 

Ps jif{ k"/f ePsf] 5 . utjif{ k'; ! ut] 

;+qmflGtahf/df ePsf] eLif0f cfunfuL]sf] 

lbgnfO{ cf7/fO{jf;Ln] sfnf] lbgsf] ¿kdf 

dgfPsf 5g\ . ahf/jf;Ln] k'gMcfunfuLaf6 

Iflt gx'g sfnf] lbg dgfpFb} cfunfuL 

If]qdf …clUg bxf k"hfÚ, u/]sf x'g\ . ;f] 

cfunfuLdf ;+qmflGtahf/sf #@ 3/;lxt 

&# kl/jf/ lj:yflkt ePsf lyP . cfunfuL 

ePsf] jif{lbg k"/f eO;Sbf ;d]t s;}sf] klg 

3/ aGg ;s]sf] 5}g kLl8tkl/jf/n] ce}m 

6x/fdf lr;f] /ft s6fO/x]sf 5g\ . cfunfuL 

ePsf] If]qdf clxn];Dd Pp6f dfq :yfoL / 

b'O{j6f h:tfkftfsf c:yfoL 3/ ag]sf 5g\ . 

cfunfuLkl5 cfPsf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf 

/fxtn] kLl8tsf] kL8fdf dndk§L nufpg] 

dfq sfd u¥of] . 

;+qmflGtahf/ cfunfuLn] ;/sf/s} 

Wofg lvRof] . tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn 

bfxfn …k|r08Ú ;/sf/sf hDaf] 6f]nLn] 

kLl8t;Fu e]63f6 u/L cfunfuL If]qsf] 

lg/LIf0f u/]/ ljz]if /fxt Kofs]h 3f]if0ff 

u]klg clxn];Dd kLl8tn] ;/sf/af6 3f]lift 

/fxt Kofs]h kfPgg\ . 

kLl8t ce}m 6x/fdf 

;+qmflGt ahf/sf clUgkLl8t clxn];Dd 

6x/fdf a:g afWo 5g\ . cfunfuLaf6 ;j{:j 

u'dfPsf tLg kl/jf/ 6x/fdf a;]sf 5g\ eg] 

afFsLn] 8]/f lnP/ a;]sf 5g\ . æo; jif{sf] 

hf8f] klg 6x/fd} laTg] eof], ljb]z uP/ 

sfdPsf] k};fn] agfPsf] 3/ l5gd} v/fgL 

eof], 3/ agfpg ;lsg .Æ 6x/fdf lr;f] 

/ft s6fO/xg'ePsf kLl8t ;"o{ u'?ªn] eg], 

æ;/sf/n] C0f lbP 3/ agfpFy] . hf8f]sf] 

;do z'? ePsf] 5 . 6x/fdf zLt k/]/ /ft 

s6fpg g} uf¥xf] x'G5, alga'Tff] u/]/ b'O{ 

aRrf;lxtsf] rf/ hgfsf] kl/jf/ kfNb}5' . 

3/ agfpg] s'g} ;|f]t 5}g.Æ kLl8t u'?ªn] 

u'gf;f] u/] . 

ljsf; / ;fdflhs ;DaGwsf] hfnf] ;+;f/df 

g} km}nfpg ;kmn x'g'ePsf] 5 . kl5Nnf 

aif{x?df rLgsf] pGgltsf va/x? a9L g} 

cfPsf 5g\ . / ljZjsf] bf];|f] 7"nf] cy{tGq 

rLgn] cfufdL aif{x?df ljZjsf] 7"nf] cy{tGq 

aGg] kfOnf to ug{;Sg] cg'dfg;lxtsf 

ljZn]if0f klg rLgdf dfq geP/ 

;+;f/sf ljleGg b]zaf6 ;Dk|]lift x'g] u/]sf 

5g\ . To;}n] l; rLgsf k"j{ /fi6«klt dfcf] 

h]b'ªkl5sf zlQmzfnL tyf nf]sk|Lo g]tfsf 

?kdf cfkm"nfO{ :yflkt ePsf] atfOG5 . 

pxfFn] Ps ;dfhjfbL /fi6«sf ?kdf ;+;f/df 

rLgnfO{ lrgfpg] cfk\mgf] of]hgfsf] af/]df 

gofF cfly{s sfo{qmdx? k|:t't ug'{ePsf] 

5 . tL dWo]sf] ;a}eGbf dxTjfsf+IfL / 

7"nf] sfo{qmd xf] cf]lacf]/ . o;nfO{ lrlgofF 

cfly{s qmflGtsf] csf]{ kf6f]sf ?kdf klg 

AofVof ug{] ul/G5 . 

;g\ @)!@ df rLg ljZjsf] bf];|f] 7"nf] 

cy{tGq ePkl5 p;n] j}b]lzs nufgLsf] 

dfqfdf klg k|ult u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!^ 

lsg aGg ;s]gg\ 3/x¿ < 

k'; !(df cfunfuL If]qsf] :ynun 

lg/LIf0f tyf clUgkLl8t;Fu e]6kl5 

k|wfgdGqL bfxfnn] k|wfgdGqL b}jL k|sf]k 

p4f/ sf]ifaf6 Ps s/f]8 pknAw u/fpg] 

3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP . cfunfuL kLl8tsf nflu 

/fxt Kofs]hsf] 3f]if0ff ub} { k'gMlgdf{0f tyf 

Joj;fo k'gM:yflkt ug{ lagf lwtf] Go"gtd 

Aofhb/df C0f pknAw u/fpg] 3f]if0ff klg 

ul/Psf] lyof] . ;/sf/af6 3f]lift /fxt kfpg] 

cfzfdf cfjf; k'gMlgdf{0f ug{ g;lsPsf] 

kLl8t 8f]n]Zj/ yfkf du/n] atfP . ;/sf/sf] 

/fxt Kofs]h 3f]if0ffn] cndn dfq u/fof], 

3f]if0ff ePsf] Ps jif{;Dd s]xL ePg\, kLl8t 

cd[t uxt/fhn] eg], ækLl8tnfO{ k|wfgdGqLn] 

9fF6\g'eof], o;}sf] cfzdf Ps jif{ laTof] . 

Æk|wfgdGqL cfunfuL If]qdf cfpg] ePkl5 

sfo{qmd Joj:yfkgdf clUgkLl8t /fxt 

sf]ifdf hDdf ePsf] k};f dfq vr{ eof] t/ 

3f]lift /fxt ce}m kLl8tn] kfPgg\ . 

kLl8tn] lsg kfPgg\ 3f]lift /fxt < 

3f]lift ? Ps s/f]8;lxtsf] ljz]if 

/fxt Kofs]h pknAw gx'g] ePsf] 5 . u[x 

dGqfnoaf6 kLl8tsf] k'gM:yfkgf tyf 

k'gMlgdf{0fsf nflu ? Ps s/f]8 pknAw 

Ps/fh kf7s 

;+of]u klg x'g;S5 ls rLgsf] ;d[l4 / g]kfnsf] ljsf;sf ljifodf g]kfnsf 

lxt}ifL lrlgofFn] o:tf ljrf/ /flv/xFbf g]kfndf klg rfOgf /]nj] Pl8\dlg:6«]zgsf 

clwsf/Ln] s]?ª sf7df8f}F x'Fb} n'lDagL;Ddsf] /]ndfu{sf nflu ;j]{sf] sfd 

ul//x]sf 5g\ . pgLx?n] g]kfn ;/sf/ OR5's ePdf s]?ª sf7df8f}F /]ndfu{ 

;Dej /x]sf] eGb} o;sf] nfut;d]t s]xL lbgdfq cl3 lgsfn]sf lyP . rLgn] 

;g\ @)@) ;Dddf pQm ?6sf] /]ndfu{ k"/fug]{u/L sfd ug{ ;lsg] atfpb} cfPsf] 

5 . g]kfnsf] ;d[l4 oxL /]ndfu{df 5 . rLgaf6 cfPsf] /]n of] dfly elgPsf] 

dfu{df s'b\g] xf] eg] xfdL klg rLgsf] b|'t ults} /]ndf ;jf/ x'g ;Sg] 5f}F . 

lrlgofF /fi6«klt 

l; lhglkª 

sf] cGTo;Dd rLgn] ljb]zdf u/]sf] nufgL 

!^) ca{ cd]l/sL 8n/ 5 . ljutsf jif{sf 

t'ngfdf of] lgs} w]/} xf] . ;g\ @)!@ sf] 

t'ngfdf To;kl5sf kfFr aif{df rLgn] 

cfly{s, k"jf{wf/ / lj1fg k|ljlwsf] ljsf; 

Pjd\ ljZjsf] cy{tGqdf klg rLgsf] 

of]ubfg a9\b} uPsf] atfpg'x'G5 g]kfnsf 

nflu lrlgofF /fhb"t o' xª . xfn} /fhwfgLdf 

cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf pxfFn] eGg'eof]— 

l;kL;Lsf] !( cf}F sfFu|];kl5 rLg jf:tjd} 

gofF o'udf k|j]z u/]sf] 5 / o;n] /fhgLlts, 

cfly{sdfq geP/ j}b]lzs ;DaGwdf klg 

gofF cfofd yk]sf] 5 . rLg g]kfn cyjf 

o;sf c? l5d]sLsf ;fy} cGo b]zx?;Fu 

klg ;dfg Jojxf/, kf/:kfl/s ;xof]u / 

;femf ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ffaf6 cl3 a9\g 

rfx]sf] wf/0ff /fhb"t xªsf] 5 . 

cfly{s ljsf;, cf}Bf]lus ljsf; / 

k"jf{wf/df ul/g] ljsf;;Fu} rLgn] b]zdf 

ul/aL lgjf/0fnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]sf] 

5 . ;g\ @)!@ df rLgdf ul/aL !)=@) 

k|ltzt lyof] eg] ;g\ @)!^ df o;nfO{ 

$=% k|ltztdf NofOPsf] 5 . ;g\ @)@) 

df ul/aLsf] dfqf z'Godf Nofpg] of]hgf 

rLgn] agfPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ klg rLgsf] 

Ps dxTjk"0f{ / dxTjfsf+IfL of]hgfsf] ?kdf 

lnOPsf] 5 . o;/L rLgn] casf lbgdf 

ljsf;;Fu} cfk\mgf] ;d[l4sf] dfu{lrq to 

ul//x]sf] 5 . 

rLgn] ut h'g @^ df a]Olhª—;f+3fO{ 

rNg] b" |t ultsf] /]n;]jfsf] ;'?jft u/]sf] 

lyof] h'g k|lt3G6f sDtLdf #%) lsnf]dL6/ 

u'8\5 . /]n ;]jfdf of] 7"nf] pknlAw xf] . 

;+;f/s} ;a}eGbf lta| ultsf] /]n xf] of] . t/ 

s] p;n] of] lta| ultsf] /]ndf g]kfnnfO{ klg 

;jf/ u/fpnf t < of] clxn]sf] cxd k|Zg 

u/fpg] ljifodf cy{dGqfnosf] ;xdlt 

dfu ePsfdf pQm dGqfnoaf6 kLl8tsf 

nflu ;x'lnot C0f pknAw u/fpg] dfq 

;xdlt ePkl5 3f]if0ff ePsf] ? Ps s/f]8 

kLl8tnfO{ pknAw gx'g] ePsf] xf] . t]x|y'ddf 

ePsf] cfunfuLaf6 k"0f{¿kdf Ifltu|:t @^ 

3/kl/jf/sf] #@ 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu b'O{ 

k|ltzt Aofhb/df zx/L If]qdf ? @% nfv 

/ cGo If]qdf ? !% nfv ;x'lnot C0f dfq 

pknAw u/fpg] Joxf]/f pNn]v 5 . 

s]Gb|Lob}jL k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldltsf] 

lg0f{ofg';f/ cfunfuL kLl8tn] cfjf; 

k'gMlgdf{0fsf nflu k'gMp4f/ sf]ifdfk{mt ;/sf/L 

sf/f]af/ ug] { :yfgLo jfl0fHo a+ }saf6 C0f 

pknAw x'g] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L a]blglw 

vgfnn] hfgsf/L lbP . /fli6«o jfl0fHo a} +sn] 

;x'lno Aofhb/df C0f pknAw x'g] ljifosf] 

sfo{ljlw agfpg l9nf] u/]sfn] kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ 

C0f pknAw u/fpg l9nf] ePsf] k|d'v lhNnf 

clwsf/L vgfnn] atfP . 3/wgLnfO{ lhNnf b}jL 

k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldltaf6 k|dfl0ft ePsf] Ifltsf] 

ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df dfq ;x'lnot Aofhb/df 

C0f pknAw x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . 

kLl8t Jofkf/L lrlGtt 

;/sf/af6 3f]if0f ePsf] ? Ps 

xf] . g]kfn Oltxf;d} oltv]/ rLg;Fu a9L 

glhlsPsf] efg x'G5 . /fhgLls, cfly{s of 

cGo lx;fan] klg oL b'O{ l5d]sLaLr kl5Nnf] 

;dodf w]/} s'/f cfbfgk|bfg ePsf 5g\ . of] 

cfbfgk|bfgsf] dfqf kl5Nnf jif{x?df a9\bf] 

5 . rLgsf] lacf/cfO cfof]hgfdf g]kfnsf] 

;xeflutf klg o;sf] ;a}eGbf cf]lemnf] 

pbfx/0f xf] . o;af6 cfkm} / a8f] ;Ifd ?kdf 

nfeflGjt x'g ;Sg'k5{ eGg'x'G5 rLgsf] l;ofg 

o'lgel;{6L ckm d]l8sn ;fOG;sf k|fWofks 

8f=/flhjs'df/ emf . rLgsf] ;d[l4af6 nfe 

lng] jf glng] eGg]s'/f xfd|f] Ifdtfdf e/ 

k5{ eGgx'G5 pxfF . 8f= emf eGg'x'G5— olQsf] 

;d[4 l5d]sL kfpg' xfd|f nflu v';L xf], t/ 

;d'b|af6 xfdLn] slt kfgL pefP/ lng;S5f} 

eGg] s'/f t xfdLn] g} toug{ ] xf], pgLx?n] t 

g]kfnnfO{ klg cfk\mgf] ;d[l4sf] /]ndf ;jf/ 

u/fpg rfx]s} 5g\ . 

g]kfn rLgn] blIf0f Pl;ofdf ug] { nufgLsf] 

nflu …6«flGh6 KjfOG6Ú x'g;Sg] wf/0ff 5 

pxfFsf] . xfdL o;}af6 ;d[4 aG5f} F, t/ xfdLn] 

ca lacf/cfOsf] k|f?kleq of] ;d[l4 vf]Hg'kg] 

5— lacf/cfO cfof]hgfsf] ;kmntfsfnflu 

ul7t Ps lrlgofF cw{ ;/sf/L ly+s 6Øf+s 

;+:yfsf blIf0f Pl;of k|d'v ;d]t /x]sf 8f 

emfsf] wf/0ff 5 . rfOlgh Ps]8]dL ckm ;f]l;on 

;fOG;]hsf cWoIf jfª klg rLgn] g]kfnnfO{ 

rLgsf] cfly{s ljsf;sf] b| 't ultsf] /]ndf 

r9\g :jfut u/]sf] atfpg'x'G5 . pxfF g]kfnL 

hgtf;Fu ;femf ;d[4L / ;femf k|ultsf nflu 

klg rLg tof/ 5 eGg'x'G5 . rLg g]kfnsf] 

Ps c;n l5d]sLsf] gftfn] g]kfn ;d[4 xf]; 

/ x/]s g]kfnL gful/s ;'vL / v';L x'g eGg] 

rLgn] rfx]sf] pxfFsf] egfO 5 . 

of] ;+of]u klg x'g;S5 ls rLgsf] ;d[l4 

/ g]kfnsf] ljsf;sf ljifodf g]kfnsf lxt}ifL 

lrlgofFn] o:tf ljrf/ /flv/xFbf g]kfndf 

klg rfOgf /]nj] Pl8\dlg:6«]zgsf clwsf/Ln] 

s]?ª sf7df8f}F x'Fb} n'lDagL;Ddsf] /]ndfu{sf 

nflu ;j]{sf] sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . pgLx?n] 

g]kfn ;/sf/ OR5's ePdf s]?ª sf7df8f}F 

/]ndfu{ ;Dej /x]sf] eGb} o;sf] nfut;d]t 

s]xL lbgdfq cl3 lgsfn]sf lyP . rLgn] ;g\ 

@)@) ;Dddf pQm ?6sf] /]ndfu{ k"/fug]{u/L 

sfd ug{ ;lsg] atfpb} cfPsf] 5 . g]kfnsf] 

;d[l4 oxL /]ndfu{df 5 . rLgaf6 cfPsf] 

/]n of] dfly elgPsf] dfu{df s'b\g] xf] eg] 

xfdL klg rLgsf] b|'t ults} /]ndf ;jf/ x'g 

;Sg] 5f}F . 

-ljleGGf Ph]G;Lsf] ;xof]udf_ 

;/sf/sf] 3f]lift /fxtn] cndndf kLl8t 

cd[t af:tf]nf 

s]Gb|Lob}jL k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldltsf] lg0f{ofg';f/ cfunfuL kLl8tn] cfjf; 

k'gMlgdf{0fsf nflu k'gMp4f/ sf]ifdfk{mt ;/sf/L sf/f]af/ ug]{ :yfgLo jfl0fHo 

a+}saf6 C0f pknAw x'g] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L a]blglw vgfnn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . /fli6«o jfl0fHo a}+sn] ;x'lno Aofhb/df C0f pknAw x'g] ljifosf] 

sfo{ljlw agfpg l9nf] u/]sfn] kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ C0f pknAw u/fpg l9nf] 

ePsf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L vgfnn] atfP . 3/wgLnfO{ lhNnf b}jL k|sf]k 

p4f/ ;ldltaf6 k|dfl0ft ePsf] Ifltsf] ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df dfq ;x'lnot 

Aofhb/df C0f pknAw x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . 

s/f]8;lxtsf] ljz]if /fxt Kofs]h pknAw 

gx'g] ePkl5 kLl8t Jofkf/L lrlGtt ePsf 

5g\ . clUgkLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ æJoj;fo 

k'gM:yflkt ug{ lagf lwtf] Go"gtd Aofhb/df 

C0f lbg]Æ k|wfgdGqLn] efif0fdf pNn]v 

ug'{ePsf] lyof], 3/wgLnfO{ dfq ;x'lnot 

C0f cfpg] ePkl5 7"nf] Iflt ePsf 

Jofkf/LnfO{ ;Daf]wg gePsf] tfKn]h'ªaf6 

;+qmflGtahf/ cfP/ Jofkf/ ub}{ cfPsf kLl8t 

bLk]z k|;fO+{n] b'Mv JoQm u/] . ænfvf+Fsf] 

nfufgLsf] Jofkf/ v/fgL ePsf] 5 .Æ kLl8t 

k|;fO{+n] eg], æ/fxt Kof]h 3f]if0ffn] Jofkf/ 

k'gM:yfkgfdf ;xof]u x'g] cfz lyof], t/ 

efif0fdf dfq ;Lldt eof] .Æ 

;/sf/sf] /fxt Kofs]h o:tf] lyof] 

3f]if0ffdf clUgkLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ 

k'gMlgdf{0f tyf Joj;fo k'gM:yflkt ug{ 

lagf lwtf] Go"gtd Aofhb/df C0f pknAw 

u/fpg], ;bd'sfd Dofªn'ª / ;+qmflGtahf/df 

a[xt\ vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ;lxtsf] kmfo/ 

xfO8]n ;~rfng, bdsn vl/b, rf8} 

s]Gb|Lo k|zf/0f nfOg lj:tf/ ul/lbg] eg]klg 

:yfgLojf;Ln] clxn];Dd Kofs]hsf] dx;'; 

klg ug{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . o:t} tTsfn} ;+qmflGt 

ahf/df g]kfn a}+s tyf s[lif ljsf; a}+ssf 

zfvf k'gM:yfkgfsf nflu kxn ul/g] eg]klg 

cf7/fO{jf;Ln] ;/sf/L a}+ssf ;'ljwf lng 

;b/d'sfd Dofª\n'ªdf ^* lsnf]ld6/ lxnfDd] 

af6f]sf] hf]lvdk"0f{ ofqf ug{ afWo x'g'k/]sf] 

:yfgLojf;Ln] u'gf;f] u/]sf 5g\ . 

ljsf;sf nflu tdf]/ hnzfoo'Qm 

cfof]hgf cl3 a9fpg pmhf{ dGqfnonfO{ 

lgb]{zg, t]x|y'd ;b/d'sfd Dofª\n'ª–j;Gtk'/ 

;8sv08 sfnf]kq], dWokxf8L nf]sdfu{ 

lgdf{0f, kfFry/ xfSkf/f 3f6df df]6/ k'n 

lgdf{0f, tdf]/ gbLsf] t6Lo If]qsf ( uflj;df 

vfg]kfgLsf] Joj:yfsf ;fy} vf]h tyf 

p4f/sf nflu ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ cfjZos 

;fdu|Lsf] Joj:yf ah]6 sfo{qmddfk{mt ul/g] 

atfOPsf] lyof] .

sfe|]knf~rf]sdf 

$^ hgfsf] hdfgt hkmt 

• hg;jfn ;+jfbbftf 

ag]kf– k|ltlglw;ef tyf 

k|b]z;ef lgjf{rg @)&$ df 

sfe|]knf~rf]ssf :jtGq;lxt 

;a} ;fgf /fhgLlts bnsf 

$^ hgfsf] hdfgt hkmt 

ePsf] 5 . k|ltlglw;ef If]q 

g+ ! df :jtGq;lxt !# bn, 

k|ltlglw;ef If]q g+ ! -s_ 

df kfFr hgf, k|ltlglw;ef 

If]q g+ ! -v_ df cf7 hgf, 

k|ltlglw;ef If]q g+ @ df gf} 

hgf, k|ltlglw;ef If]q g+ @-s_ 

df kfFr hgf / k|ltlglw;ef If]q 

g+ @ -v_ df 5 hgfsf] hdfgt 

hkmt ePsf] xf] . 

b]zeQm u0ftflGqs df]rf{, 

g]skf -dfn]_, ljj]szLn ;femf 

kf6L{, ;+3Lo ;dfhjfbL kmf]/d 

g]kfn, g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{, 

g]kfnL hgtf bn, /fli6«o hgtf 

kf6L{ / :jtGq;lxt ljleGg 

;fgf /fhgLlts bnsf] hdfgt 

hkmt ePsf] lhNnf lgjf{rg 

sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . 

;b/ dtsf] !) k|ltzt dt 

geP hdfgt hkmt x'g] sfg"gL 

k|fjwfg /x]sf] lhNnf lgjf{rg 

clwsf/L dw's/ kf]v/]nn] 

hfgsf/L lbP . k|ltlglw;ef 

If]q g+ ! df :jtGq;lxt !% 

bn, k|ltlglw;ef If]q g+ ! -s_ 

df ;ft hgf, k|ltlglw;ef 

If]q g+ ! -v_ df !) hgf, 

k|ltlglw;ef If]q g+ @ df !! 

hgf, k|ltlglw;ef If]q g+ @ -s_ 

df ;ft hgf / k|ltlglw;ef 

If]q g+ @ -v_ df cf7 hgfsf] 

pDd]bjf/L k/]sf] lyof] . bnsf 

pDd]bjf/n] k|ltlglw;efsf 

nflu ? !) xhf/ / k|b]z;efsf 

nflu ? kfFr xhf/ hdfgt 

a'emfPsf lyP . 

lgjf{lrt ;f+;b ;a} gofF 

k|ltlglw;ef tyf 

k|b]z;efdf lgjf{lrt ;f+;b ;a} 

gofF cg'xf/ x'g\ . k|ltlglw;ef 

If]q g+ ! df lgjf{lrt u+ufaxfb'/ 

cGt/f{li6«o d}lynL 

;Dd]ng k'; & b]lv 

/fhlj/fh -h;_– ;Kt/Lsf] 

/fhlj/fhdf oxL k'; & / * 

ut] cfof]hgf x'g nfu]sf] 

cGt/f{li6«o d}lynL ;Dd]ngsf] 

tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 . d}lynL 

;flxTo kl/ifb\ ;Kt/Ln] zlgaf/ 

/fhlj/fhdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] 

kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf cGt/f{li6«o 

d}lynL ;Dd]ng d"n cfof]hs 

;ldltsf ;+of]hs z'erGb| 

emfn] g]kfndf ;aeGbf a9L 

af]lng] bf];|f] efiff d}lynLsf] 

/fli6«o, cGt/f{li6«o klxrfgnfO{ 

cem ;'Jojl:yt?kdf lj:tf/ 

ug{, efiffsf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{g 

ug{ plrt jftfj/0fsf] lgdf{0f 

ug{ …cGt/f{li6«o d}lynL ;Dd]ngÚ 

cfof]hgf ug{ nfluPsf] atfP . 

b'O{ lbg;Dd rNg] 

;Dd]ngsf] klxnf] lbg :yfgLo 

klAns laGb]Zj/L dfWolds 

tfdfª bf]ª, :yfgLo txsf] 

lgjf{rgdf t]dfn ufpFkflnsfdf 

k/flht ePsf lyP . pgL 

dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf] lhNnf 

/fhgLltdf ;lqmo x'g'x'GYof] . 

tfdfª o; k6s klxnf] rf]l6 

;+;b\ l5b}{ 5g\ . 

k|ltlglw;ef If]q g+ @ df 

lgjf{lrt kqsf/ uf]s'n afF:sf]6f 

;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg @)&) df 

g]kfnL sfFu|];sf s~rgrGb| 

jfb];Fu k/flht ePsf lyP . pg 

g]skf -Pdfn]_ sfe|]knf~rf]ssf 

cWoIf klg /lx;s]f 5g\ . 

k|ltlglw;ef If]q g+ ! 

-s_ af6 lgjf{lrt /Tgk|;fb 

9sfn, k|ltlglw;ef If]q g+ ! 

-v_ af6 lgjf{lrt rGb| nfdf, 

k|ltlglw;ef If]q g+ @ -s_ 

af6 lgjf{lrt nId0f nD;fn, 

k|ltlglw;ef If]q g+ @ -v_ af6 

lgjf{lrt j;'Gw/f x'dfufO+{ ;a} 

gofF 5g\ . sfe|]knf~rf]sdf 

k|ltlglw;eftkm{b'O{/ k|b]z;eftkm{ 

rf/ lgjf{rg If]q 5g\ . 

k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL slknj:t' 

agfpg ;f+;bsf] dfu 

slknj:t' -h;_– 

k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL slknj:t' 

agfpg oxfFaf6 gjlgjf{lrt 

k|ltlglw;efsf ;f+;b tyf 

k|b]z;efsf ljwfosn] dfu 

u/]sf 5g\ . zlgaf/ tf}lnxjfdf 

/flvPsf] ;Ddfg tyf :jfut 

sfo{qmddf ;f+;b tyf 

ljwfosn] x/]s b[li6n] k|b]zsf] 

/fhwfgL slknj:t' g} pko'Qm 

x'g] eGb} /fhwfgL agfpg 

hf]8bf/ dfu u/]sf x'g\ . eujfg\ 

uf}td a'4sf lktf z'4f]wgsf] 

/fhwfgL ltnf}/fsf]6 /x]sf] 

/ a'4;Fu ;DalGwt ;oa9L 

k'/ftflTjs:yn o; lhNnfdf 

/x]sfn] k|b]z g+ % sf] /fhwfgL 

slknj:t' g} clt pQd x'g]df 

;a}sf] hf]8 lyof] . slknj:t' 

If]q g+ ! sf gjlgjf{lrt 

;f+;b rqmkfl0f vgfn 

-anb]j_ n] ef}uf]lns?kdf klg 

% g+ k|b]zsf] s]Gb| slknj:t' 

g} kg]{ / ;f+:s[lts, k'/ftflTjs 

b'j} lx;fan] /fhwfgLsf nflu 

pko'Qm 7fpF ePsf] ljrf/ JoQm 

u/] . 

To:t} csf{ ;f+;b 

a[h]zs'df/ u'Ktfn] klg 

af}4sfnLg ;+3Lo /fHo 

slknj:t' /x]sf] / u0ftGqsf] 

;+3Lo /fhwfgL klg slknj:t'd} 

x'g'kg]{ lhls/ u/] .sfo{qmddf 

k|b]z ljwfos lji0f' kGyL, 

bL3{gf/fo0f kf08], wd{axfb'/nfn 

>Ljf:tj, ch{'g s];L nufotn] 

ljBfnodf e]nf eO{ eJo 

h'n'z;lxt k|eftkm]l/ u/L 

cg'kbf; wd{zfnfdf k'Ug] 

sfo{qmd /x]sf] 5 . 

To:t} ;Dd]ngdf 

:dfl/sf / s]xL k':tssf] ljdf]rg, 

…ldlynf/TgÚ / …ldlynf>LÚ 

;Ddfg;d]t g]kfn–ef/tsf 

ljlzi6 JolQmTjnfO{ k|bfg ul/g] 

5 . pb\3f6g ;q ;dflKtkZrft\ 

tTsfn g]kfn–ef/tsf 

cltljlzi6 snfsdL{åf/f eJo 

;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdsf] ;d]t 

cfof]hgf ul/g] atfpFb} bf];|f] 

lbg ljrf/ uf]i7L /flvPsf] 

atfOPsf] 5 . uf]i7Ldf k|b]z 

g+ @ df d}lynLnfO{ sfdsfhsf] 

efiff agfOg'kg]{ eGg] ljifodf 

sfo{kq k|:t't x'g]5 / To;dfly 

ljleGg ljåfgx¿n] l6Kk0fL 

k|:t't ug]{5g . 

klg k|b]z /fhwfgL slknj:t' 

agfpg ;bg ttfpg k/] 

klg tof/ ePsf] pb\3f]if 

u/] . k"jf{wf/ cWoogsf nflu 

k|wfgdGqL sfof{noaf6 vl6Psf] 

;/sf/L 6f]nLn] a'6jndf kof{Kt 

k"jf{wf/ e]l6Psfn] tTsfn 

k|b]z /fhwfgLsf ?kdf a'6jn 

g} pko'Qm x'g] lgisif{ lgsfn]s} 

lbg slknj:t'sf ;f+;bsf] eg] 

o:tf] egfO cfPsf] xf] . ptf 

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @** sf] pkwf/f 

@ df eg] ;+ljwfgadf]lhdsf 

k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL ;DalGwt 

k|b]z;efdf tTsfn sfod 

/x]sf ;b:o ;+Vofsf] b'O{ ltxfO 

ax'dtaf6 lg0f{o ePadf]lhd 

x'g]5 eGg] s'/f pNn]v 5 . 

df]km;n 

k|b]z g+ % sf] /fhwfgL 

a'6an agfpg'kg]{ dfu 

kfNkf -h;_– oxfFsf 

afl;Gbf, /fhgLlts bn / 

hgk|ltlglwn] k|b]z g+ % sf] 

/fhwfgL ¿kGb]xL lhNnfsf] 

a'6jndf agfpg'kg]{df hf]8 

lbPsf 5g\ . kfNKffsf hglgjf{lrt 

;f+;b, /fhgLlts bn, 

k"j{;f+;b / afl;Gbfn] k|b]zsf] 

/fhwfgL tf]Sbf k|zf;lgs 

;'udtf, k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; / 

e"uf]nsf] ;'udtfnfO{ Wofgdf 

/fvL a'6jndf g} /fhwfgL 

agfpg pko'Qm /x]sf] hgfPsf 

5g\ . k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf;, cGt/ 

f{li6«o ljdfg:yn, k|zf;lgs 

kx'Fr / ;'udtf, ko{6sLo 

If]q n'lDagL / zflGTfsf cu|b"t 

uf}td a'4 hGd:yn glhssf] 

zx/ ePsfn] klg % g+ k|b]zsf] 

s]Gb| a'6jnd} x'g'kg]{ kfNkfnLsf] 

dfu /x]sf] g]skf -Pdfn]_sf 

s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf gjlgjf{lrt 

k|ltlglw;ef ;b:o ;f]dk|;fb 

kf08]on] atfP . 

æb]zsf] ;Gt'lnt ljsf;, 

hgtfsf] lxt / ;'ljwfnfO{ 

;Daf]wg ug{ s]Gb|, k|b]z / 

:yfgLo txsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 

s]Gb| tf]Sbf ;a}nfO{ kfos k5{Æ, 

pgn] eg] . g]skf-dfcf]jfbL 

s]Gb|_sf kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o 

tyf gjlgjf{lrt k|b]z ;f+;b 

t'nf/fd 3tL{n] k|b]z /fhwfgL 

tf]Sbf k|zf;lgs ;'udtf, 

k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; / e"uf]nsf] 

;'udtfnfO{ x]g{'kg{] atfP . 

g]skf -Pdfn]_sf kf]ln6Ao"/f] 

;b:o bnaxfb'/ /fgf, k|b]z;ef 

;b:o k'/gdfg ah|frfo{, 

o'j/fh vgfn / gf/fo0f 

cfrfo{n] k|b]zsf] /fhwfgL 

a'6an ;a}nfO{ kfos kg{] 

lhls/ u/] . Pdfn]sf wg]Gb|/fh 

l3ld/], dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf rqmAo" 

yfkf, /fk|kf -k|hftflGqs_sf 

8'naxfb'/ s'Fj/, g]skf -dfn]_sf 

wg/fh kf}8]n, ;/f]sf/ ePsf 

6Lsf/fd kf}8Øfn, lhNnf 

;dGjo ;ldltsf ;efklt 

bof/fd a:ofn, tfg;]g 

gu/kflnsf k|d'v czf]s zfxLn] 

klg a'6annfO{ /fhwfgL 

tf]Sg'kg]{ dfu u/] . 

$! sf] w/f}6L hkmt 

k|ltlglw;ef / k|b]z;ef 

lgjf{rgdf clwsf+z bnsf 

pDd]bjf/sf] w/f}6L /sd hkmt 

ePsf] 5 . ut d+l;/ @! ut] 

;DkGg lgjf{rgdf v;]sf] dtsf] 

!) k|ltzt dt Nofpg g;Sg] 

bnsf pDd]bjf/sf] w/f}6L hkmt 

x'g] sfg"gL Joj:yfg'¿k g} 

k|ltlglw;ef / k|b]z;efdf bn 

tyf tyf :jtGq pDd]bjf/ u/L 

$! hgfsf] w/f}6L /sd lkmtf{ 

x'g ;s]g . b'O{ k|ltlglw;ef 

/x]sf] kfNkfdf @! hgfsf] 

pDd]bjf/L k/]sf] dWo] g]kfnL 

sfFu|];, g]skf -Pdfn]_ / g]skf 

-dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_ afx]s bnsf 

w/f}6L hkmt ePsf] xf] . 

bz k|ltzteGbf sd dt 

Nofpg] pDd]bjf/sf] w/f}tL hkmt 

ePsf] d'Vo lgjf{rg clws[t 

z+s//fh a/fnn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . 

hf8f]n] s7Øfª\lu|P/ Pssf] d[To' 

slknj:t' -h;_– slknj:t' lzj/fh gu/kflnsf rGb|f}6fdf 

hf8f]n] s7Øfªlu|P/ Ps hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . b'O{ lbgcl3b]lv 

a9]sf] cTolws hf8f]sf sf/0f rGb|f}6fsf] kmkm'/L sDkn]S; cufl8 

kl/ro gv'n]sf] bfx|L kfn]sf cGbfhL sl/a $% jifL{o k'?ifsf] d[To' 

ePsf] j8f k|x/L sfof{no rGb|f}6fn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . 

sl/a tLg, rf/ dlxgfb]lv rGb|f}6fdf dfu]/ vfg] ;8ssf] 

k]6Ldf /ft latfpFb} cfPsf dfgl;s ;Gt'ng lau|]sf tL k'?ifsf] 

hf8f]sf sf/0f d[To' ePsf] xf] . k'/fgf] sk8f nufPsf bfx|L kfn]sf 

k'?ifsf] zj cfOtaf/ laxfg :yfgLon] b]v]kl5 k|x/LnfO{ va/ u/]sf 

lyP . s]lx lbgb]lv lztnx/n] ubf{ t/fO{sf ljleGg lhNnfdf hf8f] 

a9\b} uPsf] 5 . 

hUufsf] gfkL u/L 

nfnk"hf{ lbg cft'/ 5f}F M wfdL 

s~rgk'/ -h;_– s~rgk'/ lgjf{rg If]q g+ 

@ af6 k|ltlglw;ef ;b:odf ljhoL g/axfb'/ 

wfdLn] jiff}{+b]lv rngef]u ub}{ cfPsf] hUufsf] 

gfkL u/L :yfgLo hgtfnfO{ nfnk"hf{ lbg cft'/ 

/x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . 

z'SnfkmfF6f gu/kflnsf–@ /fgLk'/df ljhokl5 

dtbftfnfO{ wGojfb lbg cfof]lht sfo{qmddf 

pgn] dlGqd08n u7gkl5 hUuf ;d:of ;dfwfg 

ug{sf nflu s]Gb|Lo:t/sf] cfof]u u7g ul/g] / 

a;]s} 7fpFdf hUuf gfkL u/L nfnk"hf{ pknAw 

u/fOg] jrg lbP . b'O{ jif{leq} /fi6«JofkL gfkL 

nfu" u/L e"ldsf] clen]v cBfjlws u/]/ e"ld;Fu 

;DalGwt ;d:of ;dfwfg ul/g] pgn] atfP . 

æe"pkof]u gLlt, of]hgf Pj+ sfg"gsf cfwf/df 

e"ldsf] juL{s/0f tyf pkef]u ul/g] 5, e"ld 

cltqmd0f ug{ gkfOg] Joj:yf nfu" ul/g]5Æ, 

pgn] eg] . 

gjlgjf{lrt k|b]z;ef ;b:o nfnaxfb'/ 

v8\sfn] s[lifdf cfwfl/t of]hgf ;~rfng 

u/L a]/f]huf/Lsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg tyf gbLn] 

ub}{ cfPsf] e"Ifo /f]sfj6, gbLgfnfdf k'nk'n];f, 

;8s lgdf{0f / :t/f]Gglt, z}lIfs If]qsf] ljsf;, 

vfg]kfgL / u'0f:t/Lo :jf:Yo ;]jf k'¥ofpgsf 

nflu of]hgfa4 ¿kdf cufl8 a9\g] atfP . 

:yfgLo afl;Gbfn] ;f+;bnfO{ gbL lgoGq0fsf nflu 

t6aGw, ;gaf]/f gbLdf kSsL k'n, vfg]kfgL / 

;8ssf] :t/f]Ggtlsf nflu of]hgf cl3 ;fg'{kg]{ 

;'emfj lbg'ePsf] lyof] . 

sfof{no ;f/]kl5 j8fWoIf lj/f]wdf 

?s'd -h;_– ?s'd 

klZrdsf] ;b/d'sfd d'l;sf]6 

gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{no ;f/]kl5 

j8fWoIfn] lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . 

cfkm"x¿nfO{ s'g} hfgsf/L 

glbP/ d'l;sf]6 gu/kflnsf– ! 

vn+ufdf /x]sf] sfof{no j8f g+ 

% sf] ;]/LufpFdf ;f/]sf] eGb} 

j8f g+ !, @ / # sf cWoIfn] 

lj/f]w u/]sf x'g\ . klxn] klg 

gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{no ;fg{] 

s'/f p7]sf] lyof] t/ xfdLn] 

lj/f]w u/]kl5 xfdLaLr b'O{ 

a'Fb] ;xdlt eP/ g;fg{] s'/f 

ePsf] xf] clxn] s;/L PSsf;L 

xfdLnfO{ s'g} hfgsf/L glbP/ 

gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{no ;fl/P5 

xfd|f] o;df ;xdt 5}g, j8f g+ 

@ sf j8fWoIf sflz/fd v8\sfn] 

eg] . gu/k|d'vn] cfk\mg} 3/ 

glhs sfof{no lnPsf] pgsf] 

cf/f]k 5 . 

gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{no 

j8f g+ % ;]/LufpFdf /x]sf] 

lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf] 

ejgdf ;fl/Psf] 5 . klxn]sf] 

7fpFdf a;]/ sfd ug{ 7fpF 

cefjsf sf/0f lgs} ;d:of 

ePkl5 sfof{no ;fl/Psf] gu/ 

k|d'v b]ljnfn uf}tdn] atfP . 

gu/sfo{kflnsfsf ax'dt 

;b:osf] ;xdltdf sfof{no 

;fl/Psf] / s;}n] lj/f]w ug{ gx'g] 

pgsf] egfO 5 . æafWotfsf 

sf/0f sfof{no ;f/]sf] x'F olb 

s;}n] kfFr /f]kgL hUuf pknAw 

u/fpF5 eg] lj/f]w ug{]n] eg]s} 

7fpFdf sfof{no nfG5'Æ– pgn] 

eg] . 

@)&$ k'; # ut], ;f]daf/ 


ljb]z 

cf0fljs xltof/ a]Rg] qmddf pQ/ 

sf]l/ofnL gful/s ci6«]lnofdf kqmfp 

l;8\gL -PPkmkL_– Pshgf pQ/ sf]l/ofnL 

gful/s cf0fljs xltof/ / o;sf kf6{k"hf{x? 

a]Rg] qmddf ci6«]lnofnL gu/ l;8\gLdf kqmfp 

k/]sf 5g\ . pgn] pQ/ sf]l/ofdf cf0fljs 

xltof/sf] ljsf;sf nflu /sd h'6fpg] 

p2]Zon] k|ltalGwt cf0fljs z:q / o;sf 

kf6{k"hf{x? a]Rg] u/]sf lyP . pgn] l;8\gLdf 

/x]/ lgs} nfdf] ;dob]lv o:tf] sf/f]af/ ug{] 

u/]sf] v'n]sf] klg l;8\gLsf] k|x/Ln] hfgsf/L 

lbPsf] 5 . xfn ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] g} k|:tfjdf 

pQ/ sf]l/ofdfly o:tf ;fdfu|Lx? a]Rg / 

lsGg klg k|ltaGw nufOPsf] 5 . 

;fy} p;n] af/Daf/ ug{] u/]sf] gfsfaGbLsf 

sf/0f tL ;fdfu|Lx?df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3, ;+o'Qm 

/fHo cd]l/sf tyf cGo ljZjn] klg p;dfly 

gfsfaGbL nufPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . o:tf] 

cj:yfdf Pshgf pQ/ sf]l/ofnL gful/s rfg 

xfg rf]OnfO{nfO{ k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] xf] . pgL 

laut nfdf] ;dob]lv l;8\gLdf a:b} cfPsf 

t/ ;f] cf0fljs sDkgLsf nflu Ph]G6sf] sfd 

ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . pgL Kof]ªofª\df Aofn]l:6s 

If]Kof:qsf] pTkfbg / k|of]u Pjd\ k/LIf0fsf] 

hsftf{ -PPkmkL_– cd]l/sL /fi6«klt 

8f]gfN8 6«Dkn] h]?;]ndnfO{ Oh/fonsf] 

/fhwfgLsf ¿kdf dfGotf lbg] egL ug{'ePsf] 

lg0f{osf lj?4df OG8f]g]l;ofsf] /fhwfgL 

hsftf{df Jofks k|bz{g ePsf] ;dfrf/ 5 . 

pQm lg0f{osf lj?4df cd]l/sfsf lj?4df 

ljZjsf ljleGg b]zdf k|bz{g hf/L /x]sf] 

atfOPsf] 5 . o;}qmddf cfOtaf/ ul/Psf] 

cd]l/sf lj?4sf] of] lg0f{o Jofks /x]sf] / 

o;df bzf}F xhf/ d'l:nd gful/ssf] ;xeflutf 

/x]sf] klg ;f] ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 . o;cl3 

ut xKtfb]lv ePsf] ;f] 3f]if0ffsf] ljifonfO{ 

lnP/ ljleGg b]zn] cfGbf]ng z'? u/]sf lyP . 

;f] cfGbf]ng / lj/f]w k|bz{gsf] qmd cfOtaf/ 

klg hf/L /x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . 

Kofn]l:6gLx¿n] :jtGq /fHo dfuub} { nfdf] 

;dob]lv ;ª\3if{/t O:nflds xdf; ;d"xåf/f 

pQm lg0f{osf lj?4df cfGbf]ng ug{ cfXjfg 

klg ePsf] lyof] . of] lj/f]wsf] qmd cem} 

/f]lsPsf] 5}g . /fi6«klt 6«Dksf] lg0f{osf] 

lj/f]w rs{ +b} ubf{ n]agfgsf] /fhwfgL a]?tl:yt 

cd]l/sL /fhb"tfjf; cufl8 klg lj/f]w h'n'; 

lgsflnPsf] lyof] . ut xKtfsf] ;f] k|bz{g clxn] 

klg hf/L g} /x]sf] ToxfFaf6 k|fKt ;dfrf/df 

hgfOPsf] 5 . 

cfOtaf/ klg OG8f]g]l;ofsf] /fhwfgL 

hsftf{df /x]sf] cd]l/sL b"tfjf;tkm{ cl3 

al9/x]sf k|bz{gsf/LnfO{ k|x/Ln] /f]s]sf] lyof] . 

To; qmddf p;n] c>' Uof; / kfgLsf] kmf]x/f 

klg xfg]sf] lyof] . t/ hsftf{af6 k|fKt Ps 

sfddf klg ;+nUg eOcfPsf Pshgf lj1 

;d]t /x]sf] cg';Gwfgsf qmddf v'n]sf] 

k|x/Lsf] bfaL 5 . pgn] tL kf6{k"hf{x? l;8\gLdf 

a]rlavg ug'{sf] ;fy} Aofn]l:6s If]Kof:qsf 

nflu l;8\gLdf k|ljlw / kf6{k"hf{ cfoftsf 

nflu cfk'mn] ;xof]u k'¥ofpg ;Sg] af/]df klg 

s'/fsfgL u/]sf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . 

;f] cg';Gwfgdf ;+nUg Pshgf ci6« ]lnog 

k|x/Ln] eg]sf 5g\– o:tf] 36gf xfdLn] ci6« ]lnofdf 

klxnf] k6s b]v]sf 5f} F, pgL pQ/ sf]l/ofsf 

pRr:t/Lo clwsf/L /x]5g\ / gfsfaGbLsf sf/0f 

pTkGg cfly{s dGbLsf] ;dodf o:t} kf6{x? 

a]r]/ b]zsf nflu cyf{ ]kfh{g ug{ ] k|of]hgn] oxfF 

cfPsf /x]5g\ . ci6« ]lnofnL k|wfgdGqL dfNsf]g 

6g{a'nn] cfOtaf/ l;8\gLdf ;Djfbbftfx?;Fu 

eGg'eof]– of] kqmfpnfO{ xfdLn] lgs} dxTjk"0f{ 

sfdsf ?kdf lnPsf 5f} F . pQ/ sf]l/ofn] ljZj 

zflGtdf g} wfjf af]Ng] sfd ul//x]sf]n] p;sf 

sf/0f tL gful/s kqmfp k/]sf / pgnfO{ s] 

s:tf] sf/afxL ug{ ] eGg] ljifodf yk sfg'gL 

k/fdz{ ul/g] hfgsf/L k|x/L clwsf/Lx?n] 

lbPsf 5g\ . 

h]?;]nd 3f]if0fflj?4sf] k|bz{g /f ]lsPg 

;dfrf/df oxfFsf] k|bz{gdf sDtLdf klg 

*) xhf/ gful/ssf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5 . 

pgLx?nfO{ oxfFaf6 x6fpg ;Sg] cj:yf 

g/x]sf] hsftf{ k|x/Lsf] egfO 5 . 

cfOtaf/sf] o; k|bz{gdf oxfFsf ;/sf/L 

d'l:nd ;+u7gx?sf] klg ;dy{g / ;xeflutf 

/x]sf] 5 . tL ;+u7gx?nfO{ OG8f]g]l;ofsf] 

;/sf/n] klg ;dy{g u/]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . 

ptf xfn}sf lbgx?df cd]l/sf;Fu /fd|f] 

;DaGw sfod /x]sf ;+o'Qm c/a Old/]6\; / 

;fpbL c/]laof;d]t ;lDdlnt c/a lnun] 

klg /fi6klt 6«Dksf] o; lg0f{osf] cfnf]rgf 

u/]sf 5g\ . /fi6«klt 6«Dksf] pQm lg0f{osf] 

lj/f]wdfkm{t h]?;]ndsf] :jtGqtfnfO{ 

hf]ufpg'kg{]df pgLx?n] cfXjfg u/]sf lyP . 

ptf Oh/fonL k|wfgdGqL a]Ghldg 

g]tfGofx'n] eg] cd]l/sL /fi6«klt 6«Dksf] k|z+;f 

ub} { pxfFn] h]?;n]dsf] Oltxf;sf] ;Ddfg u/]sf] 

atfpg'ePsf] 5 . c/a / d';ndfg ax'n b]zsf 

ljleGg ;x/x?df ut xKtfb]lv g} k|bz{gx? 

ePsf 5g\ . n]agfgsf cltl/Qm OlhK6sf] sfO/f], 

df]/Ssf]sf] /aftdf klg cfOtaf/ lj/f]w k|bz{g 

ePsf ;dfrf/x? k|fKt ePsf lyP . To;}u/L 

6sL{sf /fi6«klt t}oa /];k Pbf] {ufgn] h]?;n]d 

Oh/fonnfO{ ;'lDkg] kIfdf cfkm" gePsf] k|ltlqmof 

xfn} lbg'ePsf] 5 . pxfFn] cd]l/sfn] pQm lg0f{o 

lkmtf{ lnFbf /fd|f] x'g] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . O:nflds 

;d"xsf gful/sx?n] ljleGGf O:nfd afx'n 

d'n'sx? / :yfgdf cd]l/sfsf] pQm lg0f{osf] 

lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . 

;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ 

j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] nflu 

xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ . 

lk; g]kfn cf]e/l;h k|f=ln= 

>d Ohfht g+= ^%*÷)^#÷)^$ 

wfkf;L, sf7df8f}+ 

kmf]g M )!–$#*@@%!

{ 

@)&$ k'; # ut], ;f]daf/ 


dgf]/~hg÷v]ns'b 

cfdL{nfO{ x/fpFb} dgfª dgdf]xg 

b'xaL uf]N8sksf] RoflDkog 

Og?jf -h;_– ;'g;/L 

b'xaLdf ;DkGg bf];|f] dgdf]xg 

uf]N8sksf] pkfwL dgfª d:of{ªbL 

Snan] lht]sf] 5 . zlgaf/ 

b'xaL /+uzfnfdf ePsf] kmfOgn 

v]ndf sf7df8f}+sf] lqe'jg 

cfdL{ SnanfO{ @–! uf]ncGt/n] 

x/fpFb} dgfª RoflDkog ag]sf] 

xf] . cfdL{n] gjo'u >]i7sf] 

uf]ndf ;'?jftL cu|tf lnPklg 

cGTo ;Dd hf]ufpg g;Sbf 

pklah]tfdf lrQ a'emfpg' 

kof]{ . otf Ps uf]nn] kl5 k/]sf] 

l:ylt pN6fpb} dgfªnfO{ pkfwL 

lbnfpgsf nflu lazfn /fO{ / 

ljdn /fgfn] Ps Ps uf]n u/] . 

gjo'un] cfdL{sf nflu v]nsf] 

@! cf}+ ldg]6df uf]n ub}{ cu|tf 

lbnfPklg dgfªsf nflu @^ cf}+ 

ldg]6df uf]n ub}{ kmfOgn v]nsf 

Dofg ckm b Dofr ljzfn /fO{n] 

v]n a/fa/Ldf NofPsf lyP . 

lgs} k|lt:kwf{Tds 

kmfOgn v]nsf] bf];|f] xfkmsf] 

^) cf}+ ldg]6df uf]n ub}{ ljdn 

/fgfn] dgfª nfO{ RoflDkog 

agfP . pkfwL ;+u} dgfªn] $ 

nfv xft kf/]sf] 5 eg] k/flht 

cfdL{n] @ nfvdf lrQ a'emfP . 

k|ltof]lutfsf] pTs[i6 ljwf tkm{ 

klg dgfªs} v]nf8Ln] ar{:j 

/Xof] . k|ltof]lutf cjwLe/ 

pTs[i6 v]n k|bz{g u/]sf 

dgfªsf ;'hn >]i7 ;jf]{Ts[i6 

v]nf8L x'Fb} @% xhf/ lht]sf 

5g\ . k|ltof]lutfsf] pTs[i6 

uf]n/Ifs dgfªsf lbg]z yfkf 

du/,pTs[i6 l8km]G8/ dgfªs} 

k]6l/s / s]xL lbg cl3 /fli6«o 

l6daf6 ;Gof; lnPsf clgn 

u'?ª pTs[i6 km/jf8{ 3f]lift eP 

eg] cfdL{sf e/t vjf; pTs[i6 

ld8 lkmN8/ r'lgP . 

cf cfk\mgf] ljwfdf pTs[i6 

x'g] ;a}n] hgxL b; b; xhf/ 

xft kf/]sf 5g\ . dgfªsf 

k|lzIfs l5/Lª nf]k;fª pTs[i6 

k|lzIfs 3f]lift eP . k|ltof]lutf 

cjlw e/ hDdf # uf]n u/]sf 

cfdL{sf gjo'u >]i7 ;jfl{\ws 

uf]nstf{ x'Fb} !% xhf/ xft 

kf/] . Pn]e]g P/f]h Sna b'xaLsf 

>Llht sfsL{ k|ltof]lutfsf] 

/fOlhª Kn]o/ eP . pgn] kfFr 

xhf/ xft kf/] . k|ltof]lutfdf 

dgfªsf sKtfg clgnnfO{ 

;Ddflgt v]nf8L :j?k 

cfof]hsn] #@ OGrsf] PnOl8 

6]nLlehg ;d]t k|bfg u/]sf] 

lyof] . 

6f]6gxdnfO{ k/flht ub}{ l;6Lsf] lslt{dfgL ljhoL ofqf hf/L 

n08g -Ph]G;L_– 6f]6gxd 

x6:k;{nfO{ $–! uf]n cGt/n] 

k/flht ub}{ DofGr]:6/ l;6Ln] cfk\mgf] 

lslt{dfgL ljhoL ofqfnfO{ hf/L /fv]sf] 

5 . lk|ldo/ lnudf nuftf/ !^ cf}F 

lht lgsfNb} l;6Ln] zLif{ :yfgdf !$ 

c+ssf] cu|tf agfPsf] xf] . 

8]le8 l;Nefsf] :yfgdf 6f]nLdf 

:yfg agfPsf ONs] u'G8f]ufgn] l;6LnfO{ 

v]nsf] !$ cf}F ldg]6df g} cu|tf 

lbnfP . To;kl5 klxnf] xfkmdf s'g} 

uf]n x'g ;s]g . v]nsf] bf];|f] xfkmsf] 

cGTotl/ eg] l;6Ln] uf]nsf] jif{ u/]sf] 

lyof] . &) b]lv () ldg]6;Dd k|To]s 

!) ldg]6sf] cGt/fndf l;6Ln] tLg 

uf]n yk]sf] lyof] . 

s]leg l8 a|'ogfn] Ps uf]n u/] eg] 

/flxd :6ln{ªn] b'O{ uf]n u/] . OGh'/L 

;dodf lqml:6og Pl/S;gn] :k;{sf 

nflu ;fGtjgf uf]n u/] . hLt;Fu} k]k 

Ujfl8{cf]nf cfk\mgf] nuftf/ !( v]n 

k]l/; -Ph]G;L_– g]odf/n] 

b'O{ uf]n ug{sf ;fy} b'O{j6f 

uf]nsf] cj;/ ;[hgf u/]kl5 

k]l/; ;]G6 hd]{gn] /]g];la?4 

$–! sf] ;xh lht lgsfn]sf] 5 . 

lgnDagsf sf/0f ut xKtf lnn] 

lj?4sf] v]n u'dfPsf g]odf/n] 

lnu skdf :6«f;jul{\j?4sf] 

v]n klg JolQmut sf/0fn] 

u'dfPsf lyP . 6f]nLdf kmls{Psf 

a|flhlnog km/jf8{n] v]nsf] 

rf}Fyf] ldg]6dfg} kLP;hLnfO{ 

cu|tf lbnfPsf lyP . 

To;kl5 pgn] sfolng 

lht]sf] lslt{dfgaf6 # v]naf6 6f9f 

/x]sf 5g\ . pgn] of] pknlAw afog{ 

Do'lgvdf 5Fbf ;g\ @)!# sf] cS6'a/ 

/ dfr{ @)!$ sf] aLrdf xfl;n u/]sf 

lyP . !* v]nkl5 l;6Lsf] %@ c+s 

/x]sf] 5 eg] Ps v]n sd v]n]sf] 

DofGr]:6/ o'gfO6]8 bf];|f] :yfgdf /x]sf] 

5 . k/fho;Fu} 6f]6gxd lnusf] ;ftf}F 

:yfgdf vl:sPsf] 5 . 

zlgaf/ ePsf] cGo 

v]ndf t];|f] :yfgdf /x]sf] r]N;Ln] 

;fpyXofDk6gnfO{ k/flht uof]{ . 

dfsf]{; cf]nG;f]n] klxnf] xfkmsf] OGh'/L 

;dodf u/]sf] Ps dfq uf]n lg0ff{os 

aGg k'Uof] . r]N;Ln] kl5Nnf !) 

v]ndf xfl;n u/]sf] of] cf7f}F hLt xf] . 

ptf, cf;{gn Go'Sof;n o'gfO6]8nfO{ 

k/flht ub}{ zLif{ :yfgdf plSnPsf] 

5 . cf;{gnnfO{ hLt lbnfpg d];'6 

cf]hLnn] Ps dfq uf]n u/] . 

!* v]nkl5 cf;{gn ## c+s;lxt 

lnusf] rf}Fyf] :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 . zlgaf/ 

/ftL ePsf cGo v]ndf ag{nLn] 

a|fO6g P08 xf]e cflNaof]g;Fu a/fa/L 

v]Nb} lnudf] kfFrf} :yfgdf plSnPsf] 

5 . n]:6/ l;6L eg] lqm:6n Kofn];;Fu 

#–) uf]n cGt/n] k/flht x'g k'Uof] . 

g]odf/ gfos aGbf kLP;hLsf] ;xh hLt 

Pdafk] / Pl8;g sefgLsf 

nflu uf]nsf] cj;/ ;[hgf 

u/] eg] v]nsf] &^ cf}F ldg]6df 

bf];|f] uf]n yk] . v]ndf lkm/ldg 

d'a]n]n] /]g];sf nflu ;fGtjgf 

uf]n u/] . 

bf];|f] xfkmdf /]g];sf 

a]Ghfldg cfGb|] / kLP;hLsf 

k|m];gn lslDk]Da]n] /ftf] sf8{ 

vfPkl5 b'j} 6f]nL !)–!) 

v]nf8Ldf l;ldt ag]sf] 

lyof] . !* v]nkl5 $& c+s;lxt 

kLP;hL lnusf] zLif{ :yfgdf 

/x]sf] 5 . 

cIfos'df/ tf]8\b}5g\ 

;a} /]s8{ 

d'DaO{ -Ph]G;L_– alnj'8df 

vfgx?sf] babafnfO{ tf]8\b} 

cIfos'df/ gofF ;'k/:6f/ ag]sf 5g\ . 

o;sf] ultnf] k|df0f pgsf kl5Nnf 

% lkmNdnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . ;g\ @)!^ 

/ @)!& df cIfosf lkmNdnfO{ x]g] 

xf] eg] ;a} lkmNd ;'k/ lx6 ag]sf 

5g\ . pgsf kl5Nnf lkmNd Po/ 

lnk\m6, ?:td, xfp;km'n–#, hnL 

PnPnla–@, gfd ;afgf, 6\jfOn]6 

Ps k| ]d syf ;a} lkmNd ;'k/ lx6 /x] . 

cIfosf oL ;a} lkmNdnfO{ Jofkf/sf] 

lx;fan] / lkmNd ;ldIfsx? ;a}n] 

dg k/fPsf] kfOof] . 

…/fHhf /fgLÚ o'lg6;Fu s]sLsf] ay{8] ;]lna|];g 

sf7df8f}+ -h;_– cleg]qL s]sL 

clwsf/Lsf] cfOtaf/ hGdlbg k/]sf] 

5 . g]kfnL rnlrq tyf Do'lhs 

lel8of] clegodf /fd|} hd]sL s]sLsf] 

hGdlbgsf] cj;/ kf/]/ rnlrq 

…/fHhf /fgLÚn] /fhwfgLdf Ps 

sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ;lxt pgnfO{ 

hGdlbgsf] ;]lna|];g u/]sf] 5 . 

ldl8ofsdL{sf] ;d]t pkl:ytL 

/x]sf] sfo{qmddf pgn] s]s ;d]t 

sf6]sL 5g\ . …Psbd} /dfOnf] . dnfO{ 

hGdlbgsf] Pp6f s'/f nfU5, aRrf 

x'g kfOG5Ú s]6 sf6]kl5 s]sLn] 

elgg\ …ay{8]sf] lbg dgsf] s'/fnfO{ 

afFlx/ lgsfNg kfOG5, XofKkL 5' .Ú 

sfo{qmddf s]sLn] cfk\mgf] 

sltof} hGdlbg eg] v'nfOgg\ . 

sfo{qmddf pgn] ;a}nfO s]s v'jfpb} 

rnlrq …/fHhf /fgLÚ x]g{ ;d]t 

;a}nfO{ cfu|x ul/g\ . rnlrqnfO{ 

d}lynL efiffdf lsg]sf] ef]/ sDkgL 

?:tdaf6 t pgnfO{ klxnf] 

k6s /fli6«o cjf8{ ;d]t lbOof] . 

alnj'8df vfgx?sf] babaf kl5Nnf] 

@ bzs b]lv /lxcfPsf] 5 . o;sf 

aLr cIfosf] of] ;kmntfn] plg ca 

alnj'8sf gofF ;'k/:6f/ ag]sf 5g\ . 

vfgx?sf] s'/f ubf{ ;ndfg vfgsf] 

o; aif{ l/lnh ePsf] 6\o'anfO6n] 

ck]Iff cg';f/ Jofkf/ ug{ ;s]g eg] 

csf{ vfg zfx?v vfgsf] lkmNd 

/O;n] cfk\mgf] nufgL p7fPklg csf]{ 

lkmNd x]/L ld6 ;hn k\mnk ePsf] 

lyof] . 

To:t} alnj'8sf csf{ vfg cfld/ 

/ …/fHhf /fgLÚsf] l6dn] s]sLsf] 

hGdlbgsf] Ps;fy ;]lnj|]zg 

sfo{qmd /fv]sf] xf] . …/fHhf /fgLÚ 

od yfkf lgb]l{\zt rnlrq xf] . 

vfgsf] lkmNd ;]qm]6 ;'k/:6f/n] klg 

ck]Iffs[t Jofkf/ ug{ ;s]g oBlk 

To;df cfld/ vfg ljz]if e"ldsfdf 

dfq lyP . cIfos'df/n] kl5Nnf 

aif{df h:t} cfufdL aif{klg ;kmn 

lkmNd lbg] ;+s]t u/]sf 5g\ . cfufdL 

hgj/L @^ df l/lnh x'g] lkmNd 

Kof8Dofgsf] 6«]n/ xfn} ;fj{hlgs 

ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf] 6«]n/nfO{ bz{sn] 

cToGt dg k/fPsf 5g\ . of] lkmNd 

klg km/s / oyfy{df cfwfl/t 

lkmNd ePsfn] bz{sn] dg k/fpg] 

bfla ul/Psf] 5 . To;} u/L o;}aif{ 

cIfos'df/ /hgLsfGt;Fusf] lkmNd 

@=) l/lnh x'b} 5 . cToGt 7'nf] 

ah]6sf] of] lkmNd ;f+; lkmS;gdf 

cfwfl/t /x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . 

of] lkmNdsf] ah]6 $%) s/f]8sf] 

xf/fxf/Ldf /x]sf] ef/tLo ldl8ofx?n] 

pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . o;} aif{ cIfosf] 

csf] { lkmNd uf]N8 klg l/lnh x'g] 5 . 

afof]lksdf cfwfl/t o; lkmNddf v]n 

/ b]z k| ]dsf] efjgf b]vfOg] atfOPsf] 

5 . of] lkmNd cfufdL !% cu:tdf 

l/lnh x'b} 5 . cIfosf] t'ngfdf 

;ndfg vfgsf b'O{ lkmNd /];-# / 

ba+u # cfpb} 5g\ eg] zfx?v vfg / 

cfld/ vfgsf] Pp6f Pp6f dfq lkmNd 

cfpb} 5 . o;/L x]bf{ ;g\ @)!* df 

cIfosf tLg 7'nf / /fd|f lkmNd k|bz{g 

x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 . 

s]sLsf] cnjf rnrlqdf sfd]Zj/ 

rf}/fl;of, bLks If]qL, ;+uLtf gflkt, 

;l/tf /fhf]kfWofo, c?0f /]UdL 

nufotsf] clego b]Vg ;lsG5 . 

/f]gfN8f]sf] uf]nsf] 

d2tn] l/onnfO{ 

Sna ljZjsksf] 

pkflw 

ca'wfjL -Ph]G;L_– lqml:6ofgf] /f]gfN8f]n] 

lk|mlssdfkm{t uf]n u/] kl5 u|]ldof]nfO{ x/fpFb} 

l/on Dofl8«8n] Sna ljZjsksf] pkflw lhTg 

;kmn ePsf] 5 . #@ jifL{o kr{'luh km/jf8{n] 

v]nsf] %# cf}F ldg]6df lg0ff{os uf]n u/]sf 

lyP . of];Fu} nuftf/ b'O{ k6s of] pkflw 

lhTg] l/on klxnf] 6f]nL ag]sf] 5 . xfn} dfq 

kfFrf} afnf]g l8Úcf]/ pkflw lht]sf /f]gfN8f]n] 

v]nkl5 cfkm" l/ondf /x]/ cem} w]/} pkflw 

lhTg rfx]sf] atfP . 

Sna ljZjsksf] kmfOgndf /f]gfN8f]sf] of] 

rf}Fyf] uf]n xf] . pgn] l/onsf nflu RoflDkoG; 

lnusf] kmfOgndf # tyf sf]kf 8]n /]sf] 

kmfOgndf klg b'O{ uf]n u/]sf 5g\ . zlgaf/ 

ca'wfjLdf l/onn] lslt{dfgL tLg k6s of] 

pkflwdfly sAhf hdfPsf] xf] . l/onafx]s 

afl;{nf]gfn] dfq of] pkflw tLg k6s lhTg 

;s]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!& df l/onn] kfFrj6f 

pkflw xft kf/]sf] 5 . RoflDkoG; lnu, 

o'OPkmP ;'k/ sk, :k]lg; ;'k/ / clxn] Sna 

ljZjsksf] pkflw l/onn] cfk\mgf] gfddf kfg{ 

;kmn ePsf] 5 . 

;g\ @)!^ sf] hgj/Ldf l/onsf] k|lzIfs 

;Dxfn]kl5 lhg]lbg lhbfgsf nflu of] 

cf7f}F pkflw xf] . ca'wfjLsf] kmfOgndf l/onn] 

ljkIfLdfly lg/Gt/ bafa /fv]sf] lyof] . t/, 

a|flhnog 6f]nL u|]ldof]n] cg'zfl;t l8km]G;sf] 

k|bz{g ub}{ l/onnfO{ klxnf] xfkmdf /f]s]sf] 

lyof] . klxnf] xfkmdf l/onn] ljkIfLsf] kf]i6df 

!) j6f k|xf/ u/] klg Pp6f dfq nIodf 

nfu]sf] lyof] .

cy{÷/f]huf/ 

zx/L If]qdf :jf:Yo aLdf 

a9L k|efjsf/L aGb} 

lrtjg-h;_–u|fdL0f If]qdf eGbf 

zx/L If]qdf :jf:Yo aLdf sfo{qmd 

k|efjsf/L aGb} uPsf] 5 . ;fdflhs 

:jf:Yo ;'/IffcGtu{tsf] :jf:Yo 

aLdf sfo{qmd lhNnfsf] u|fdL0f 

If]qdf eGbf zx/L If]qdf k|efjsf/L 

ag]sf] xf] . lhNnfl:yt ;fdflhs :jf:Yo 

;'/Iff ljsf; sfof{nosf] tYofª\scg';f/ 

lhNnfe/ clxn] ()@ 3/ kl/jf/sf &* 

xhf/ %#^ hgfn] :jf:Yo aLdf u/]sf 

5g\ . pgLx¿dWo] zx/L If]qsf hgtf w]/} 

/x]sf] pQm sfof{nosf k|aGws l;h{gf 

kf}8]nn] hfgsf/L lbP . pgsf cg';f/ 

e/tk'/ dxfgu/kflnsfsf $# xhf/ 

(((, v}/xgL gu/kflnsfsf cf7 xhf/ 

*#$, /Tggu/ gu/kflnsfsf !! xhf/ 

#$! hgfn] :jf:Yo aLdf u/]sf 5g\ . 

o:t} sflnsf gu/kflnsfsf kfFr xhf/ 

((, df8L gu/kflnsfsf tLg xhf/ $#^ 

/ OR5fsfdgf ufpFkflnsfsf %^( hgfn] 

:jf:Yo aLdf u/]sf 5g\ . sflnsf, df8L 

gu/kflnsf / OR5fsfdgf ufpFkflnsf 

u|fdL0f If]qdf k5{ . zx/L If]qdf lzlIft 

kl/jf/sf] a;f]af; ePsf :yfgdf a9L 

dfqfdf aLdfsf] sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L aGb} 

uPsf] k|aGws kf}8]nn] atfP . 

aLdf sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsfl/tfaf/] 

u|fdL0f If]qdf hfgsf/L u/fpg g;Sbf 

tL If]qdf sfo{qmd sd k|efjsf/L ePsf] 

pgn] hfgsf/L lbP . lzlIft ju{ o; 

sfo{qmdk|lt ;sf/fTds / ;xof]uL ag]s} 

sf/0f zx/L If]qdf o;sf] k|efjsfl/tf 

a9]sf] xf] . kf}8]nsf cg';f/ of] sfo{qmd 

nfu" ePotf aLdf u/]/ ;]jf lng]sf] ;+Vof 

!$ xhf/ @)^ k'u]sf] 5 . pgLx¿n] 

ljleGg c:ktfndfkm{t pkrf/ u/fO{ aLdf 

/sd bfaL u/L lnPsf 5g\ . aLdf u/]sfn] 

pkrf/ ;]jf / (@* k|sf/sf cf}iflw 

kfpg]5g\ . 

sfo{qmdcGtu{t kfFrhgfsf] kl/jf/n] 

lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo tyf cf“vf hf“r 

kf]v/f-h;_–nfoG; Sna 

ckm kf]v/f uf]N8]g ;f];fO6Låf/f 

s'Zdf gu/kflnsf j8f g+ !@ 

7"nLkf]v/L, kj{tl:yt k|fylds 

:jf:Yo s]Gb|df cfof]lht 

lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo tyf cfFvf hfFr 

lzlj/af6 #&) hgf la/fdL 

nfeflGjt ePsf 5g\ . lxdfno 

cfFvf c:ktfn kf]v/f / k|fylds 

:jf:Yo s]Gb| 7"nLkf]v/L, kj{tsf] 

k|fljlws ;xof]udf ;~rflnt 

lzlj/df !() hgf cfFvfsf / 

afFsL !*) hgf la/fdLsf] cGo 

:jf:Yo hfFr ul/Psf] xf] . 

lzlj/df cfFvf hfFr 

ug]{ la/fdLsf] rfk w]/} /x]sf] / 

h;dWo] rf/ hgfdf df]ltoflaGb' 

b]lvPsf] x'Fbf lxdfno cfFvf 

c:ktfn kf]v/fdf k7fOPsf] b[li6 

ljz]if1 clgn rf}w/Ln] hfgsf/L 

lbP . To:t} cGo ;fdfGo 

:jf:Yo hfFrtkm{ Uofl:6s, k|];/, 

afy/f]u, lgdf]lgof, ?3fvf]sL, 

cf7 jif{;Dd dfu{ vf]Ng] 

sfo{;d]t k"/f x'g ;s]g 

hfh/sf]6-h;_– 

dWokxf8L nf]sdfu{cGtu{t 

hfh/sf]6v08sf] lgdf{0f z'? 

ePsf] cf7 jif{ lat] klg cem};Dd 

sfd k"/f x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . 

nf]sdfu{sf] hfh/sf]6v08sf] 

*@ lsdLdWo] kfFr lsdL ;8s 

dfu{ vf]Ng cem} afFsL 5 . 

ynxahf/l:yt 5]8fuf/ vf]nfdf 

k'n lgdf{0f gx'Fbf nf]sdfu{ cw'/f] 

ag]sf] xf] . ?s'dsf] rf}/hxf/L, 

b}n]vsf] ;'ofF8f;Ddsf] hfh/sf]6 

v08df 5]8fuf/nufot vf]nf tyf 

vf]N;fdf k'n lgdf{0f gul/Psf] 

:yfgLojf;Lsf] u'gf;f] 5 . 

ynahf/df k'n lgdf{0f / 

dGtfle/, sfn9'+uf, r'jfb]pnL 

le/, e';vf]nfnufotsf :yfgdf 

af6f] v'nf gx'Fbf ;8s lgdf{0f 

sfo{ cnkq k/]sf] 5 . 

To:t} rf}/hxf/L / s'b'aLrdf 

lbQm]n–b'DnL–bf]a]nf ;8s ;~rfngdf 

vf]6fª-h;_– 

lbQm]n–b'DnL–bf]a]nf ;8s 

;~rfngdf NofOPsf] 

5 . 6«Øfs vf]lnP klg 

xfn;Dd ;~rfngdf cfpg 

g;s]sf] ;8snfO{ k'gMdd{t 

u/]/ lgoldt ;~rfngdf 

NofOPsf] xf] . ?kfsf]6 

dem'jfu9L gu/kflnsf–!, 

& / * hf]8\g] ;8snfO{ 

;fs]nf ufpFkflnsf / 

;b/d'sfd lbQm]n hf]8\g] 

;a}eGbf b|'t dfu{ dflgPsf] 5 . 

Hj/f], 9f8 sDd/ b'Vg] nufotsf 

;d:of /x]sf] kfOPsf] 8f ljj]s 

e08f/Ln] atfP . :jf:Yo hfFr 

u/fpg cfPsf *& jifL{o 

8fF8f3/ 7"nLkf]v/Lsf bLngfy 

;'j]bLn] 3/ufpFdf lzlj/ cfP/ 

cfkm"h:tf w]/} ;j{;fwf/0f 

nfeflGjt ePsf] atfP . 

sfo{qmddf s'Zdf gu/kflnsf 

j8f g+ !@ sf cWoIf /fh]Gb| 

kf}8]n, nfoG; l8l:6«S6 #@% 

aL ! g]kfnsf l8l:6«S6 ;~rf/ 

;+of]hs 6+s/fh clwsf/Lnufotn] 

dfgjLo ;]jfsf] nIosf ;fy 

nfoG;sf dfWodaf6 ljs6 

ufpFsf a:tLdf ;~rfng x'Fb} 

cfPsf lzlj/n] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ 

7"nf] /fxt k'u]sf] wf/0ff /fv] . 

…k|]mG8; kmg l/nf]8]8Úsf] 

/Qmbfgdf @@ o'lg6 /ut 

;+sng 

o;}u/L k]m;a's u'|k … 

k|]mG8; kmg l/nf]8]8Úåf/f 

kg]{ e]/L k'n / em'k|fvf]nf k'n 

lgdf{0fdf ePsf] l9nfOn] klg 

nf]sdfu{ lgdf{0fnfO{ yk cw'/f] 

agfPsf] xf] . dWokxf8L nf]sdfu{ 

klZrdv08 cfof]hgf bfª zfvfn] 

eg] cw'/f] ;8sv08sf] dfu{ 

vf]Ng] sfo{ k"/f ePsf] k|ltj]bg 

b'O{ jif{cl3 g} ;8s ljefudf 

a'emfPsf] lyof] . hfh/sf]6sf 

afl;Gbfn] nf]sdfu{sf] o; v08sf] 

l56f]eGbf l56f] af6f] lgdf{0f u/]/ 

oftfoft ;~rfng ug{ dfu 

u/]sf 5g\ . Ps};fy z'? ePsf] 

nf]sdfu{sf] b}n]v / ?s'dv08df 

b'O{ jif{cl3 g} oftfoft ;~rfng 

ePsf] bz]/fsf /fdaxfb'/ yfkfn] 

atfP . hfh/sf]6 v08 lgdf{0fsf] 

lhDdf lnPsf sltko Joj;foLn] 

sfo{ k"/f gub}{ e'QmfgL lnFbf 

;8s lgdf{0f cnkq k/]sf] 

:yfgLojf;Lsf] u'gf;f] 5 . 

;8s dd{t u/]kl5 

bf]kf{ lrp/L8fF8fsf] b'DnLdf 

cfof]lht sfo{qmddf 

?kfsf]6 dem'jfu9L 

gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v 

bLkgf/fo0f l/hfnn] ;f] 

af6f]sf] pb\3f6g u/] . sl/a 

@@ lsdL nDafO /x]sf] 

;8s pb\3f6gsf nflu 

lbQm]naf6 lhk lnP/ b'DnL– 

bf]a]nf k'Ubf xlif{t :yfgLon] 

cltlynfO{ km"ndfnfn] 

:jfut u/]sf lyP . ? 

zlgaf/ cfof]lht /Qmbfgdf @@ 

o'lg6 /ut ;+sng ePsf] 5 . 

…g]kfnL dg, g]kfnL kgÚ eGg] 

gf/f;lxt ;fdflhs ;~hfndf 

;lqmo /xFb} cfPsf] k]m;a's u|'k 

k|]mG8; kmg l/nf]8]8n] ;fdflhs 

pQ/bfloTjcGtu{t /Qmbfg 

cfof]hgf u/]sf] xf] .sfo{qmddf 

cf]/]Gh dfs{]6sf ;~rfns 

Pj+ /Qmbfg sfo{qmdsf 

;efklt ljgf]b u'?ªn] 

s'g} JolQmnfO{ gofF hLjg 

lbg /Qmbfg sfo{qmdaf6 

;+slnt /ut dxTjk"0f{ aGg] 

atfpFb} …/Qmbfg hLjg bfgÚ 

ePsf] atfP . k|]mG8; kmg 

l/nf]8]8sf ;b:o zlj{Gb| 

/]UdLn] ;+:yfsf tkm{af6 

ljutdf j[4f>dnufot cGo 

;fdflhs ;+:yfnfO{ ;xof]u 

ub{} cfPsf] atfpFb} cfufdL 

lbgdf klg o:tf sfo{qmdnfO{ 

lg/Gt/tf lbg] pNn]v u/] . 

dGtfle/ v08sf] lgdf{0f 

lhDdf lnPsf] lbJoHof]lt lgdf{0f 

;]jfn] s8f r§fg eGb} lgdf{0f 

k"/f ug{ g;s]sf] l8lehg 

OlGhlgo/ z'e/fh Gof}kfg]n] 

atfP . To:t} wg~ho / l;4fy{ 

h]eLn] klg sfF8f emfk|fv08sf] 

sfn9'+uf le/ lgdf{0f ePsf] 

5}g æo; dfu{sf] dGtfle/ 

/ sfF8f emfk|fv08 lgdf{0fsf] 

lhDdf lnPsf Joj;foLn] sfo{ 

k"/f gu/]/} e'QmfgL lnPsf] 

b]lvof]Æ, pgn] eg], æsfn9'+uf 

/ dGtfle/sf] %)) ld6/ s8f 

r§fg gvf]n]/} 7]Ssf /sd e'QmfgL 

eP5 .Æ kl5Nnf] ;do dGtfle/ 

vf]Ng tof/ gePsf Joj;foL]n] 

ljutdf sfd} gu/L 7]Ssf xf]N8 

u/L a;]sfn] hfh/sf]6v08 

lgdf{0fdf l9nfO ePsf] OlGhlgo/ 

Gof}kfg]n] atfP . 

#) nfvsf] nufgLdf 

lbQm]n–b'DnL–/tG5f 

;8ssf] lbQm]nsf] 

c:ktfn rf]saf6 6«Øfs 

vf]Ng yflnPsf] lyof] . ;8s 

lgdf{0fsf qmddf k'/fgf] / gofF 

lgdf{0f pkef]Qmf ;ldltdfkm{t 

s/f]8 a9Lsf] vr{ ePsf] 

atfOPsf] 5 . lgdf{0f sfo{ 

;lsPsf] nfdf] ;dokl5 

;8s ;~rfngdf cfPkl5 

:yfgLojf;L xlif{t ePsf 

5g\ . 

jflif{s b'O{ xhf/ %)) aLdf z'Ns e'QmfgL 

u/]kl5 ? %) xhf/;Ddsf] pkrf/ ;]jf 

kfpg]5g\ . kfFr hgfeGbf a9L ;b:o 

ePdf k|ltJolQm $@% yk e'QmfgL u/]kl5 

k|ltJolQmsf] ? !) xhf/;Ddsf] pkrf/ 

;]jf ylkg]5 . of] sfo{qmdsf] clwstd 

;Ldf ? Ps nfv tf]lsPsf] 5 . lhNnfdf 

;/sf/L e/tk'/ c:ktfn, lakL sf]O/fnf 

t]x|y'd-h;_–lhNnfsf] km]bfk 

ufpFkflnsf–#, hnhn]sf %% 

jifL{o bof/fd e§/fO{ P;Pn;L 

;Ddsf] k9fOkl5 @)$% ;fndf 

;+:s[lt k9\gsf nflu agf/; 

uP . kl08t aGg] ;f]rdf /x]sf 

pgn] hfFbf÷cfpFbf l;lSsd, 

bflh{lnª 3'Dg] df}sf kfP . ToxfFsf] 

hghLjg / hLjgz}nL klg b]v] 

t/ pgnfO{ cfkm"n] k9]sf] ljBf 

/ hhdfgL k];feGbf ToxfFsf] 

Jofj;flos v]tL / hLjgz}nLn] 

k|efljt kf¥of] . bflh{lnªjf;Ln] 

u/]sf] Jofj;flos v]tL b]v]kl5 

e§/fO{n] ufpF kmls{P/ cfj 

@)$@÷$# af6} ufpFdf cb'jf 

v]tL cleofg rnfP . z'?df 

pg cfkm}Fn] / ;Fu;Fu} l5d]sLnfO{ 

klg cb'jfsf] Jofj;flos v]tLdf 

nfUg ;'emfP . lj;+ @)%! lt/ 

ufpFsf w]/}n] cb'jf /f]lk;s]sf 

lyP . hfGg] a'‰g]n] Jofj;flos 

¿kd} cb'jfv]tL nufpg yfn]sf 

lyP . k/Dk/fut afnLeGbf a9L 

cfDbfgL lbg] ePkl5 e§/fO{n] 

cb'jf v]tLnfO{ Jofj;flos agfP 

/ @)%@ ;fnd} ? () xhf/sf] 

@)&$ k'; # ut], cfOtaf/ 


;]o/ahf/sf] lu/fj6 sfod}, 

sf/f]af/ /sddf eg] ;fdfGo ;'wf/ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_– ut 

;ftfb]vL lg/Gt/ cf]/fnf] 

nfu]sf] ;]o/ ahf/ of] ;ftfsf] 

klxnf] lbg klg bf]xf]/f] c+sn] 

36]sf] 5 . ahf/sf] lu/fj6 

gyfldP klg ;ftfsf] klxnf] 

lbgsf] sf/f]af/ /sddf eg] 

;fdfGo ;'wf/ b]lvPsf] 5 . 

cfOtaf/ ahf/ v'n b]vL g} 

cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] g]K;] ahf/ 

aGb x'g] ;do;Dd cfOk'Ubf 

!!=)! c+sn] 36]/ !%) 

(=!$ c+sdf cfO{k'u]sf] 5 . 

sf/f]af/df cfPsf clwsf+; 

;d"xsf] pk;"rs 36]kl5 ;du| 

ahf/ cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] xf] . 

o;lbg !%* sDkgLsf] !! nfv 

^ xhf/ #( lsQf ;]o/ %! 

s/f]8 !@ nfv ?k}ofF a/fa/df 

lsga]r eP . sf/f]af/ /sd 

cl3Nnf] sf/f]af/sf] t'ngfdf 

^ s/f]8 a9L xf] . ut ljxLaf/ 

g]K;]df $% s/f]8 #! nfv 

?k}ofF a/faa/sf] sf/f]af/ 

ePsf] lyof] . 

o;lbg xf]6n,pTkfbg 

/ cGo ;d"xsf afx]s ;a} 

;d"xsf ;"rs cf]/fnf] 

nfu]sf 5g\ . ;a}eGbf a9L 

aLdf ;d"xsf] ;"rs ** 

c+sn] 36]sf] 5 . Jofkf/ / 

ljQ ;d"xsf] ;"rs Psn 

c+sn] 36]sf] 5 eg] jfl0fHo 

a}+s, ljsf; a}+s, hnljB't 

tyf dfOqmf]kmfOgfG; 

nufotsf] ;"rs bf]xf]/f] c+sn] 

36]sf] 5 . cfOtaf/sf] ahf/df 

g]kfn u|fld0f ljsf; a}+ssf] 

;a}eGbf a9L ^ s/f]8 %$ nfv 

a/fa/sf] ;]o/ lsga]r eof]. 

Unf]an cfO{PdO a}+ssf] rf/ 

s/f]8 a9Lsf] ;]o/ lsga]r 

x'Fbf :6\of08{8 rf6{8 a}+ssf] 

klg tLg s/f]8 a9Lsf] sf/f]af/ 

eof] . 

o;lbg af]6n;{ g]kfn 

t/fO{sf] ;]o/d"No ;a}eGbf 

w]/} *=## k|ltztn] a9]sf] 

5 . To:t} dx'nL n3'ljQsf] 

;]o/d"No klg ^ k|ltzt 

a9Ln] psfnf] nfu]sf] 

5 . ;xof]uL ljsf; a}+s tyf 

c?0f kmfOgfG; nufotsf] 

;]o/d"No ;fdfGo a9]sf] 5 . 

d]df]l/on SofG;/ c:ktfn, lrtjg 

d]l8sn sn]h, sn]h ckm d]l8sn 

;fOG;]h lzIf0f c:ktfn e/tk'/, 

v}/xgL, h'6kfgL / lzjgu/ k|fylds 

:jf:Yo s]G›, /Tggu/ as'nx/ c:ktfn, 

a3f}8f c:ktfn, u'~hdfg l;+x c:ktfn 

/ e/tk'/ cfFvf c:ktfnaf6 ;]jf lng 

;lsg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . 

d"No 36]kl5 cb'jfsf] 

otf sflnsf dfOqmf]qm]l86sf 

nufgLstf{n] ;a}eGbf w]/} gf} 

k|ltztsf b/n] u'dfP, sDkgLn] 

cfOtaf/} dfq @! k|ltzt 

af]g; ljt/0f ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 

lyof] . cl3Nnf] aif{sf] eGbf 

lgSs} sd af]g; 3f]if0ff u/]kl5 

sDkgLsf] ;]o/d"No cf]/fnf] 

nfu]sf] xf] . s'j]/ dr]{G6, 

nlntk'/ kmfOgfG;, ljzfn 

ahf/ sDkgL, dlxnf ;xofqf 

n3'ljQ nufotsf sDkgLsf] 

;]o/d"No w]/} 36]sf] 5 . 

Jofj;flos v]tL g} ;+s6df 

cb'jf a]r]sf] pgn] hfgsf/L 

lbP . 

lj;+ @)%$ ;fnkl5 

cb'jfsf] ahf/ em08} Ps 

bzs;Dd lg/Gt/ cf]/fnf] 

nfUof] . Tolta]nf cb'jf tLg÷rf/ 

?k}ofF k|lt s]hLn] sf/f]af/ ePsf] 

e§/fO{sf] u'gf;f] lyof] . æd}n] 

cb'jfv]tL u/]sf] Pltsf jif{df 

pxL cb'jf k|lt s]hL ? tLgn] 

klg a]r]sf] 5' .ÚÚ pgn] eg] 

d"No k|ltlsnf] k'gM #–$ z'? x'Fb} lgsf;Ldf ;d:of 5, 

æclg s'g} jif{ k|lt s]hL !!) 

?k}ofFdf em/]sf] atfP . ;f] jif{ vf;} efp gkfpnf, ToxL eP/ 

?k}ofFn] klg sf/f]af/ u/]sf] 5' .Æ 

w]/}n] cb'jfaf/Ld} /fVbf–/fVb} d}n] aLpsf nflu dfq v]tL u/]sf] 

ahf/df XjfQ} lu/]sf] cb'jfsf] 

s'lxPsf] klg lyof] . To;otf x'F,Æ e§/fO{n] eg] . lj;+ @)%! 

zfv @)^! ;fnkl5 km]l/ 

e§/fO{n] cb'jfsf] ahf/ klv{P/ ;fnotf clxn];Dd lg/Gt/ 

pbfof] . lj;+ @)^! df cfkm"n] 

;f]xLcg';f/ v]tL nufpFb} cfPsf cb'jfv]tL nufpFb} cfpg'ePsf 

cb'jf ? !!) k|lt s]hLn] a]r]sf] 

5g\ . of] jif{ e§/fO{n] aLpsf pg ufpFdf cb'jf ljz]if1 h:t} 

jif{ ? Ps nfv cfDbfgL ePsf] 

nflu dfq} cb'jf /f]k]sf 5g\ . x'g'ePsfn] pgnfO{ cb'jfv]tLsf 

lyof] . To;otf pgn] x/]sjif{ 

of] jif{ cfkm"n] b'O{ SjLG6n dfq} cleoGtfsf] ¿kdf lrlgG5 . 

sDtLdf #)÷$) xhf/b]lv 8]9 

/f]k]sf] / To;af6 sl/a !% hnhn] ufpFsf em08} kfFr ;o 

nfv ?k}ofF;Dd cfDbfgL ub}{ 

SjLG6n pTkfbg x'g] pgsf] a9L 3/w'/Ln] clxn] cb'jfv]tL 

cfPsf 5g\ . 

cg'dfg 5 . To;n] cfkm";lxt nufPsf 5g\ . e§/fO{nfO{ utjif{ 

ufpF–ufpFdf clws dfqfdf 

dfu ug]{ c¿ s;}nfO{ ;d]t lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] 

cb'jf pTkfbg x'g yfn]kl5 

aLpsf] ¿kdf sfd ug]{ pgn] pTs[i6 s[ifs k'/:sf/af6 ;d]t 

lj;+ @)&) kl5 km]l/ cb'jfn] 

atfP . 

;Ddfg u/]sf] lyof] . 

ahf/ kfpg 5f8]sf] pNn]v ub}{ 

æutjif{ klg vf;} efp s]xL jif{otf cb'jfdf /f]usf] 

e§/fO{n] @)&! ;fndf cb'jfsf] 

lyPg, of]jif{ klg cb'jfsf] l;hg ;+qmd0f a9]sfn] g]kfnL cb'jfsf] 

klxnf] k':tfsf] cfn'sf] aLp pTkfbg– 

laqmL u/]/ dgUo cfDbfgL 

s~rgk'/-h;_–z'SnfkmfF6f 

gu/kflnsfsf] lkknf8L / 

hf]gfk'/sf s[ifs cfn'sf] klxnf] 

k':tfsf] aLp pTkfbg u/]/ 

cfDbfgL lnFb} cfPsf 5g\ . s[lif 

ljsf; sfof{non] u7g u/]sf] 

sf]lknf cfn'sf] aLp pTkfbg 

;d"xdf cfa4 ePsf oxfFsf *% 

s[ifsn] cfn'sf] l6lkP; -vf; 

aLp_ aLp pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf 

x'g\ . o;/L pTkfbg ul/Psf] aLp 

dfq} laqmL u/L k|ltls;fgn] ? 

tLg nfvb]lv ? kfFr nfv;Dd 

jflif{s cfDbfgL lnFb} cfPsf 

x'g\ . cfn'sf] bfgfaf6 nfUg] 

/f]un] ] pTkfbgdf qmlds ¿kdf 

x|f; Nofpg] ePsfn] laofFaf6 

tof/ kfl/Psf] cfn'sf] aLpn] 

pTkfbg j[l4 x'g], /f]uk|lt/f]fTds 

Ifdtf a9\g] / cfn' afnLdf 

nfUg] k|d'v 89'jf /f]u ;xg 

;Sg] Ifdtf x'g] ePsfn] vf; 

aLp pTkfbgdf nfu]sf] ;Ltf/fd 

rf}w/Ln] atfP . 

aLpdf pd|g] zlQm a9L x'g], 

cfn'df nfUg] /f]u guGo dfqfdf 

x'g] ePsfn] oxfF pTkfbg ePsf] 

klxnf] k':tfsf] cfn'sf] aLp s[ifs 

dfem lgs} nf]slk|o ag]sf] xf] . 

aLp cfn'eGbf laofFaf6 cfn'v]tL 

ubf{ a9L pTkfbg lbg], :jflbnf] 

x'g] ePsfn] cfn'v]tL lj:tf/sf 

nflu laofF aLp Ps ljsNksf 

¿kdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] s[ifs 

k'/g rf}w/Ln] atfP . /fli6«o 

cfn'afnL ljsf; sfo{qmdaf6 

pknAw u/fOPsf] ;|f]t laofFsf] 

aLp k|of]u u/L aLp pTkfbg ub}{ 

cfPsf] pgn] pNn]v u/] . 

æ3fd nfUg] l;FrfO / 

lgsf;sf] /fd|f] Joj:yf ePsf] 

hUuf 5gf]6 ug]{ / g;{/L /fvL 

h}ljs jf /f;folgs dn / laofF 

Aof8df /fv]/ af]6 pTkfbg ub}{ 

cfPsf 5f}FÆ, pgn] eg], æla?jf 

pd|]sf] @% lbgkl5 v]tLsf nflu 

v]tdf cfn'sf af]6 /f]lkG5 .Æ 

l6lkP; k|ljlwaf6 sfl8{gn, 

hgsb]j / v'dn6f/ -/ftf]_ 

hftsf cfn'sf la?jf pTkfbg 

u/L cfn'v]tL oxfFsf s[ifsn] 

ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . hf]gfk'/sf 

$% / lkknf8Lsf $) kl/jf/ 

s[lif ljsf; sfof{noaf6 tfnLd 

lnO{ Ps bzsb]lv cfn'sf] aLp 

pTkfbgdf pgLx¿ nfu]sf 

x'g\ .lj;+ @)%& b]lv cfn'sf] 

aLp pTkfbgdf nfu]sf oxfFsf 

s[ifsn] aflif{s ¿kdf *) 

d]l6«s 6g aLpsf] cfn' pTkfbg 

ub}{ cfPsf] :yfgLo s[ifs 

nId0f rf}w/Ln] atfP . 

bz sÝfb]lv Ps laufxf hUufdf 

oxfFsf s[ifsn] cfn'v]tLnfO{ 

lg/Gt/tf lbFb} cfPsf 5g\ .s"n 

@) x]S6/ If]qkmndf oxfFsf 

s[ifsn] cfn'sf] aLp pTkfbg ub}{ 

cfPsf] s[lif ;]jf s]Gb| emnf/Lsf 

k|fljlws jL/axfb'/ s'Fj/n] atfP . 

oxfF pTkflbt cfn'sf] aLp 

s~rgk'/sf eLdbQgu/kflnsf, 

emnf/L, b]vte"nL, b}hL, s}nfnL, 

bfr' {nf / 8f]6L;Dd cfk"lt{ x'g] 

u/]sf] 5 . Jofkf/Ln] s[ifssf] 3/d} 

k'u]/ cfn' vl/b u/]/ n}hfg] u/]sfn] 

ahf/sf] cefj g/x]sf] j;GtL 

rf}w/Ln] atfP . aLpsf] cfn';Fu} vfg] 

cfn' $) d]l6«s 6g k|ltjif{ oxfF 

u'0f:t/ 36]sf] e§/fO{n] atfP . 

u'0f:t/ 36]kl5 cGt/f{li6«o 

ahf/df cb'jfsf] dfu 36]sf] 

pgsf] a'emfO5 . To;sf/0f 

cb'jfsf] d"No 36]sfn] cb'jfsf] 

Jofj;flos v]tL ;+s6df k/]sf] 

e§/fO{n] hfgsf/L lbP . ufpFdf 

cb'jf;lxt s[lif sd{d} nfuf} F eg]/ 

…?vf], kfvf] arfcf}F, Ps k6s >d 

b]pm, lkm¥of] eg] lng hfpmÚ eGb} cleofg 

yfn]sf e§/fO{sf] ufpF clxn] xl/ofnL 

ePsf] 5 . pxfn] eg], …klxn] xfd|f] 

d]x]/a'ª ufpFsf] gfd ;'Gb} sxflnnfUbf] 

cj:yf lyof], g kfgL lyof], g xl/ofnL, 

?v a'§f g}.Ú ufpFsf clwsf+zn] kfvf] 

af/L vghf]t u/]/ afnL nufPklg 

pTkfbg eg] x'Fb}gYof] . 

pTkfbg x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . 

o;/L l;8lnª\u k|ljlwaf6 

pTkfbg ul/Psf] cfn'sf] bfgf 

k"0f{¿kdf lg/f]uL x'g] ePsfn] 

k|ltx]S6/ !# d]l6«s 6g;Dd 

pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf] ljleGg 

cg';Gwfgn] b]vfPsf] 5 . 

/f]u lgoGq0fsf nflu tfnLd 

/ zLte08f/sf] Joj:yf gx'Fbf 

pTkflbt cfn'sf] aLp e08f/ ug{ 

oxfFsf s[ifsnfO{ ;d:of 5 .

@)&$ k'; # ut], cfOtaf/ 


ljkGg ju{sf nflu $ ca{ ?k}of“ 

nufgL ug]{ d]uf a}+ssf] nIo 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–d]uf a}+s g]kfnn] 

ljkGg ju{sf nflu ub}{ cfPsf] nufgL 

rfn' cfly{s aif{sf] cGTo;Dddf rf/ ca{ 

?k}+of k'of{pg] ePsf] 5 . d]uf a}+s g]kfn 

lnld6]8sL sfodd'sfd k|d'v sfo{sf/L 

clws[t cg'kdf v'~h]nLn] rfn' cfly{s 

aif{ @)&$–&% sf] cGt;Dddf $ ca{ 

?k}ofF ljkGg ju{df nufgL ug]{ atfP . 

d]uf a}+ssf] n3'ljQ OsfOn] 

b]ze/sf %) j6f n3'ljQ ;+:yfsf k|d'v 

lnv'–$ hnljB't\ cfof]hgfdf 

& a}+sn] ;f9] ;ft ca{ nufgL ug]{ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_– %@=$ d]ufjf6 

Ifdtfsf] lnv'–$ hnljB't\ cfof]hgfdf 

glan a}+ssf] g]t[Tjdf ;ft jfl0fHo a}+sn] 

nufgL ug]{ ePsf 5g\ . u|Lg e]~r/ 

k|flnaf6 k|jl4{t pQm cfof]hgfdf ;ft 

a}+sn] & ca{ ^@ s/f]8 C0f nufgL ug]{ 

ePsf x'g\ . nufgL ;Demf}tfdf sDkgLsf 

cWoIf ;'efifrG› ;‹O{ Pjd\ cGo ;ftcf]6} 

a}Ísf k|ltlglwaf6 ;+o'Qm x:tfIf/ ePsf] 

5 . g]kfnsf] Joj;foLs 3/gf lqj]0fL 

U?k / ljzfn U?ksf] ;+o'Qm nufgL /x]sf] 

cfof]hgfdf gljnsf] cu'jfOdf nIdL 

a}+s, Unf]an cfO{PdO{ a}+s, P;aLcfO{ a}+s, 

;g/fOh a}+s, k|e' a}+s / ;flgdf a}+sn] 

C0f nufgL ug]{ ePsf x'g\ . 

cfof]hgfsf] s'n nfut !) ca{ !^ 

s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . o;dWo] &% k|ltzt C0f 

/ @% k|ltzt :jk"FhL /x]sf] 5 . pQm 

cfof]hgfdf glan a}+sn] ! ca{ $@ s/f]8, 

nIdL a}+sn] ! ca{ @% s/f]8, Unf]an 

sfo{sf/L clws[tx?;Fu u/]sf] cGt/lqmof 

sfo{qmddf sfd' l;Ocf] v'~h]nLn] eg], … 

clxn];Dd xfdLn] ljkGg ju{sf nflu 

@ ca{ $^ s/f]8 ?k}Fof nufgL hgfPsf] 

5 . afFsL /sd klg o;} cfly{s jif{sf] 

cGTo;Dddf nufgL e};Sg] hgfPsf] 5 . 

a} +ssf] d"n nIo g} xnf]b]lv xfO8«f] 

;Dd nufgL ug]{ ePsf] eGb} pgn] ljkGg 

ju{sf nflu u/]sf] shf{sf] c;'nLdf hf]lvd 

;d]t Go'g ePsfn] d]uf a} +sn] n3'ljQnfO{ 

cfO{PdO{ a}+sn] ! ca{ @% s/f]8, P;aLcfO{ 

a}+s / ;g/fOh a}+sn] ! / ! ca{ / k|e' 

tyf ;flgdf a}+sn] *%/*% s/f]8 nufgL 

ug]{ ePsf 5g\ . 

;f] cfof]hgfn] g]kfn ljB't\ 

k|flws/0f;Fu @)&# c;f/df ljB't\ 

v/Lb ;Demf}tf -kLkLP_ ul/;s]sf] 5 . 

cfof]hgfn] @)&& c;f]h #) ut]af6 

k|fyldstf lbPsf] atfP . sfo{qmddf n3'ljQ 

lj1 8f= g/xl/ 9sfnn] n3'ljQ ;+:yfn] 

;+rfng vr{ sd ug{ ;"rgf k|ljlwsf] k|of]udf 

hf]8 lbg'kg] { atfP . csf{ n3'ljQ lj1 

d]3/fh uh'/]nn] n3'ljQ ;+:yfn] sd{rf/Lsf] 

pTkfbsTj a9fpg'kg] { atfP . nIdL n3'ljQ 

ljQLo ;+:yfsf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t 

k|sfz/fh zdf{n] ljut @% jif{b]lv afl0fHo 

a} +sn] n3'ljQ ;+:yfnfO{ u/]sf] yf]s shf{ zt 

k|ltzt c;'nL ePsf] hfgsf/L lbP . 

/fhwfgLdf df]6/;fO{sn d]3f PS;r]Gh d]nf ;'? 

sf7df8f}+-h;_– 

sf7df8f}+sf] e[s'6Ld08kdf 

cfOtaf/b]lv ljleGg df]8nsf 

df]6/;fO{sn tyf :s'6/x?sf] 

d]3f PS;r]Gh d]nf ;'? ePsf] 

5 . g]kfnL ahf/df cfˆgf 

ljleGg df]8nsf df]6/;fO{sn 

tyf :s'6/x? ljqmL ljt0f 

ub}{ cfPsf] l6eLP;n] cfˆgf 

u|fxsx?nfO{ yk ;'ljwf, 

;fy / cfjZoQm k"lt{ ug]{ 

p2]Zon] d]nf cfof]hgf u/]sf] 

xf] . hubDaf df]6;{ cGt/ut 

cfof]lht d]nfdf ;fdfg vl/b 

ubf{ sDtLdf !) xhf/b]lv ! 

nfv;Dd yk 5'6sf] Joj:yf 

cf/ljlj dr]{G6sf] l;Ocf]df 8f= /d]zs'df/ e08f/L lgo'Qm 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–cf/ljlj 

dr]{G6 a}+lsª lnld6]8sf] k|d'v 

sfo{sf/L clws[tdf 8f= 

/d]zs'df/ e08f/L lgo'Qm ePsf 

5g\ . e08f/Ln] cfO{taf/af6} 

cf/ljlj dr]{G6sf] l;O{cf]sf 

?kdf kbaxfnL u/]sf x'g\ . k"FhL 

ahf/sf] nufgL tyf hf]lvd 

Joj:yfkgdf ljBfjfl/lw u/]sf 

ul/Psf] 5 . u|fxsx?nfO{ 

;xhtfsf ;fy df]6/;fO{sn 

e08f/Ln] /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf] 

;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/L 

tyf :s'6/ PS;r]Gh ug{ d]nf 

cfof]hgf ul/Psf] hubDaf 

kl/of]hgfdf k/fdz{bftf eP/ 

sfd ul/;s]sf 5g\ . 

df]6;{sf ahf/ k|d'v ljqmd 

kf08]n] hfgsf/L lbP . 

xfn g]kfndf ljqmL 

x'Fb} cfPsf] cGo @ kfªu|] 

;jf/L ;fwgx?dWo] l6leP; 

sDkgL;Fu ;a}eGbf w]/} 

df]8nsf afO{s tyf :s'6/x? 

/x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . d]nfdf 

df]6/;fO{sn tyf :s'6/ 

PS;r]Gh ug{sf nflu t'?Gt} 

kmfO{gfG;sf] ;'ljwf ;d]t /x]sf] 

5 . % lbg;Dd rNg] d]nfdf 

u|fxsx?sf] df]6/;fO{sn / 

:s'6/sf] lgMzNs ;lel{\;ª ug]{ 

Joj:yf klg ldnfOPsf] 5 . 

o;cl3 pgL u|f]d/ Soflk6n 

dfs]{6sf] gfoa dxfk|jGwssf] 

?kdf sfd ul/;s]sf 

5g\ . @)&$ ;fpg @( ut]af6 

sf/f]af/ ;'? u/]sf] sDkgLsf] 

r'Qmf k"FhL !) s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . 

cf/ljlj dr]{G6 /fli6«o afl0fHo 

a}+ssf] ;xfos sDkgL xf] . 

Jofkfl/s pTkfbg -cf/;Lcf]8L_ z'¿ 

ug{'kg]{5 . cfof]hgfaf6 pTkflbt 

ljB't\ @@) s]eL 8an ;ls{6 

k|;f/0f nfOgaf6 g]kfn ljB't\ 

k|flws/0fsf] gofF lvDtL ;a:6]zgdf 

hf]l8g]5 . lnv'–$ hnljB't\ 

cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f:yn /fd]5fk / 

cf]vn9'Ëf lhNnfdf k5{ . 

skf]{/]6 

sflnsf dfOqmf]kmfOgfG;n] Nofof] 

@! k|ltzt af]g;sf] ckm/ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–sflnsf 

dfOqmf]kmfOgfG; 8]enkd]G6 a} +sn] 

cfˆgf ;]o/wgLnfO{ @! k|ltzt 

af]g; ;]o/ lbg]ePsf]5 . sflnsfsf] 

;+rfns ;ldltsf] z'qmaf/ a;]sf] 

a} +7sn] cfˆgf ;]o/wgLnfO{ @! 

bzdnj @! k|ltzt af]g; ;]o/ 

lbg] k|:tfj kfl/t u/]sf] xf] . 

dfOqmf]kmfOgfG;n] ut 

cfly{s aif{sf] d'gfkmfaf6 ! 

s/f]8 &% nfv ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] 

af]g; ;]o/ / ;f]df nfUg s/ 

jfktsf] ( nfv @! xhf/ 

?k}ofF lbg] k|:tfj u/]sf] xf] . 

af]g; ;]o/ ljt/0f ;DaGwdf 

sflnsfn] cfh} dfq g]kfn :6s 

PS:r]~hnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf] 

5 . ;+rfns ;ldltsf] ;f] 

k|:tfjnfO{ /fi6« a}+ssf] :jLs[lt 

k|:tfj ;fwf/0f;efaf6 kfl/t 

u/fP/ ;]o/wgLnfO{ ljt/0f 

ul/g] pNn]v 5 . 

l;hL On]S6«f]lgS;sf *% 

l8n;{nfO{ OlhK6 e|d0fdf 

s f 7 d f 8 f } + - h ; _ – l ; h L 

On]S6«f]lgS;n] cfˆgf *% cf]6f 

l8n;{nfO{ OlhK6 e|d0fdf nu]sf] 

5 . OGhf]P P08 Xofe c u|]6 

l6«k 6' OlhK6 @)!& gf/fsf 

;fy cfˆgf l8n;{nfO{ e}d0fdf 

nu]sf] xf] . sDkgLn] k|To]s jif{ 

g]kfne/sf cfˆgf l8n;{x?nfO{ 

dgf]/~hg k|bfg ug{'sf] ;fy;fy} 

a|f08sf] k|a4{gsf] nflu k|f]T;fxg 

ug{sf] nflu ljb]z e|d0fsf] 

cj;/ k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . 

lk|lG6ª P08 kmf]6f]u|fk|mL PS:kf] df3df 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–/fli6«o 

kmf]6f] kqsf/ ;d"x -PgPkmkLh]_ 

n] olx k'; $, % / ^ ut] 

sf7df8f}+sf] e[s'6Ld08kdf 

cfof]hgf ug]{ elgPsf] tLg lbg] 

k|yd lk|lG6ª P08 kmf]6f]u|fkmL 

PS:kf] ;/]sf] 5 . ca ;f] 

PS;kf] ljifo cfufdL df3 

!(,@) / @! ut] x'g] atfOPsf] 

5 . 

sf=lh=k|=sf=b=g+= @*)÷)^$÷)^% 

d=If]=x'=lg=b=g+= )#÷)&)÷&! 

l;6Lsf] aDk/ pkxf/ ljh]tf 3f]if0ff, 

tfdfªn] kfOg /]gf] lSj8 cf/ PS;Pn sf/ 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–l;6L PS;k|]; pT;j 

PS;k|]; of]hgfsf] aDk/ pkxf/ ljh]tf 

3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . pkxf/ of]hgfdf Pshgf 

efUozfnL ljh]tfnfO{ aDkm/ pkxf/sf] ?kdf 

/]gf] lSj8 cf/ PS;Pn sf/ k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . 

of]hgfsf] ebf}| !* ut] b]lv d+l;/ !% ;Ddsf] 

lyof] . h;df ladnf b]jL tfdfËn] aDkm/ 

pkxf/sf] ?kdf sf/ lht]sf x'g\ . sDkgLn] 

xfn} Ps sfo{qmd cfof]hgf u/L pkxf/ 

3f]if0ff u/]sf] xf] . 

a|f08 PDaf;8/ l;tf/fd s§]n -w'd{';_ 

/ o; sDkgLsf k|aGw lgb]{zs rG› 608g 

åf/f l;6L PS;k|]; sDKn]S; ejgdf km];a's 

nfOe sfo{qmd u/]/ ljh]tfsf] 5gf}6 ul/Psf] 

lyof] . ;f] nSsL 8« df ;fpbL c/asf] 

6]nLdgLaf6 hdg tfdfªn] >LdtL O{nfd 

lgjf;L ladnf b]jL tfdfªnfO{ k};f k7fP 

jfkt ljh]tf 5flgPls sDkgLsf k|aGw 

lgb]{zs rG› 608gn] hfgsf/L lbP . 

l/on 6fOddfg} vftf vf]Ng 

ldNg] u/L df5fk'R5|]«n] yKof] # zfvf 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–df5fk'R5«|] 

a}+sn] sGrgk'/ / afFs]df # zfvf 

/lxt a}lsË ;]jf ;~rfngdf 

NofPsf] 5 . a}+sn] d+l;/ @^ut] 

ledbQ gu/kflnsf j8f g+– 

!^,dfFemufpF rf}/fxf / a]bsf]6 

gu/kflnsfj8f g+–*, ;dfbfO{hL 

/ @& ut] a}lhgfy ufpFkflnsf 

j8f g+–@, gf}af:tfu/L # zfvf 

/lxt a}lsË ;]jf ;~rfngdf 

NofPsf] xf] . 

a}+sn] o"s]P8 ;Ifd;Fusf] 

;xsfo{df ptm :yfgx?df # 

zfvf /lxt a}lsË ;]jf ;'rf? 

u/]sf] xf] . of] ;lxt df5fk'R5«] 

a}+ssf] xfn;Dd ( zfvf /lxt 

a}lsË ;]jf ;'rf? eO{;s]sf] 

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sf7df8f}+-h;_–;flgdf 

dfO{ xfO{8«f]kfj/n] ;fgLdf 

xfO{8«f]kfj/nfO{ lsGg] -PSjfo/_ 

ePsf] 5 . sDkgLn] k'; @* ut] 

af]nfPsf] 5}6f}+ aflif{s ;fwf/0f 

;efdf ;f] k|:tfj u/]sf] xf] . 

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PSjfo/sf nflu cfjZos 

sfo{ ug{ ;~rfns ;dltnfO{ 

clVtof/L k|bfg ug]{, sDkgLn] 

/lhi68{ sfof{nosf] 7]ufgf 

kl/jt{gsf nflu lgodfjnL 

;+;f]wg ug]{ ePsf] 5 . 

To:t} ;j{;fwf/0f 

;]o/wgLsf] tkm{af6 k|ltlglwTj 

g]?8] n3'ljQn] k'; @( ut] 8fSof] ;fwf/0f ;ef 

sf7df8f}+-h;_–g]?8] 

n3'ljQn] @)=^* k|ltzt nfef+z 

ljt/0f ug]{ k|:tfj ;lxt k'; 

@( ut] laxfg !! ah] pBf]u 

;+u7g df]/Ësf] ;efxndf !! 

cf}+ aflif{s ;fwf/0f ;ef 8fs]sf] 

5 . ;efdf g]?8]n] !# k|ltzt 

-tLg s/f]8 (& nfv *) xhf/ 

?k}ofFsf]_ af]g; tyf &=^* 

k|ltzt -b'O{ s/f]8 #% nfv !# 

xhf/_ gub nfef+z ljt/0f ug]{ 

k|:tfj u/]sf] 5 . To:t} clws[t 

k"FhL ^) s/f]8 sfod ug]{, 

n]vfkl/Ifs lgo'lQm, ;j{;fwf/0f 

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s]Gb«sf] ?kdf ;~rflnt ptm 

zfvf/lxt ;]jf s]Gb«x?af6 

vftf vf]Ng], /sd hDdf ug]{ / 

lemSg], /]ld6]G; e"QmfgL, ;fy} 

shf{ cfj]bg ug]{ ;d]t Joj:yf 

ug]{ @ hgf ;~rfnssf] lgjf{rg 

ug]{, ;~rfnssf] a}7s eQf j[l4 

nufotsf d'Vo k|:tfj ;d]t 

/x]sf 5g\ . sDkgLn] :df6{ Sofkm] 

P08 JofªSj]6df ljxfg !! ah] 

;fwf/0f ;ef cfXjfg u/]sf] xf] . 

;efsf nflu sDkgLn] k'; !$ 

ut]b]lv @* ut];Dd ;]o/wgL 

lstfa aGb ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 

5 . o;cg';f/ k'; * ut];Dd 

sfod /x]sf ;]o/wgLn] ;efdf 

;xeflu x'g kfpg]5g\ . 

uf]{ b'O{ hgf ;~rfng ;ldlt 

;b:osf] lgjf{rg nufotsf 

k|:tfj /x]sf 5g\ . 

nef+z ljt/0f ug{ 

sDkgLn] k'; ( ut]b]lv @ 

( ut];Dd ;]o/wgL lstfa 

aGb ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 

5 . o;cg';f/ k'; * ut];Dd 

sfod /x]sf ;]o/wgLn] dfq 

nfef+z kfpg]5g\ . n3'ljQsf] 

u/]sf] 5 . a}+sn] g]kfnd} klxnf] 

k6s t'?Gt -l/on 6fOddf_ 

vftf vf]Ng] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 

eg] lrkdf cfwfl/t 8]la6 sf8{ 

klg t'?Gt pknAw u/fPsf] 

5 . 

Ps ca{ kfFr s/f]8 

%) nfv ?k}ofF r'Qmf k"FhL 

/x]sf] sDkgLn] xfn} dfq 

ztk|ltzt xsk|b ljqmL 

ul/ r'Qmf k"FhL bf]Aa/ -b'O{ 

ca{ !! s/f]8_ agfPsf] 5 . 

rfn' cfjsf] k|yd q}df;df 

!% s/f]8 !( nfv *@ 

xhf/ xhf/ ?k}ofF v'b gfkmf 

sdfPsf] 5 . sDkgLsf] 

;]o/ ljxLaf/ k|ltlsQf %@^ 

?k}ofFdf sf/f]af/ ePsf] 5 . 

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?k}ofF 5 . af]g;kl5 sDkgLsf] 

k"FhL #$ s/f]8 %& nfv 

?k}ofF gf£g]5 . n3'ljQn] rfn' 

cfjsf] k|yd q}df;df $! 

nfv @! xhf/ xhf/ ?k}ofF v'b 

gfkmf sdfPsf] 5 . sDkgLsf] 

;]o/ ljxLaf/ k|ltlsQf !)!% 

?k}ofFdf sf/f]af/ ePsf] 5 . 

o"s]P8 ;Ifdsf] ;xsfo{df 

a}+sn] @) j6f u|fxs ;]jf s]Gbx? 

:yfkgf ug]{, !$ lhNnfdf 

ljkGg ju{ shf{x? k|bfg ug]{ 

tyf ljQLo ;fIff/tf cleofg 

;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . a}sn] 

k'j{dfemfkf b]lv klZrddf 

sGrgk'/ ;fy} lxdfn b]lv 

kxf8, / t/fO{;Ddcfˆgf ^@ 

j6f zfvfx?, $ j6f PS:6]G;g 

sfpG6/x? nufot (zfvf /lxt 

a}lsË ;]jf ;d]t u/L hDdf &% 

:yfgjf6 u|fxsdxfg'efjx?df 

;Dk'0f{ a+}lsË ;'lawf k|bfg 

ul//x]sf] 5 . ;fy}, a}+ssf] b]ze/ 

*$ j6f P6LPdx? ;+rfngdf 

/x]sf] 5 . 

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/f]huf/Lsf] nflu xfdL sxfF l;wf} 

;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf, xfdL tkfO{sf] Ifdtf 

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av'N8f]n, nlntk'/, kmf]g M %%#$)$@, %%@@)^#, %%##$#% 

E-mail : pparadise@wilnk.com.np, 

Website : www.paradisemanpower.com 

;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ ?kdf j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf 

hfg' k/]df xfdLnfO{ ;Demg'xf];\ xfdL tkfO{sf] 

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l;gfd+un, sf7df8f}+ 

kmf]g g+= M $$*(&)), $$()*)), $$(@()) 

www.smrnepal.com 

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