merged (20)

cy{÷/f]huf/
shf{ k|jfx /f]lsPkl5 hnljB't\
cfof]hgf ;d:ofdf
sf7df8f}F-h;_–a}+s tyf ljQLo
;+:yfdf b]lvPsf] t/ntf ;+s6sf sf/0f
lgdf{0ffwLg hnljB't\ cfof]hgf k|efljt
ePsf 5g\ . lgdf{0f ;DkGg x'g] r/0fdf
/x]sf ;fgf 7"nf u/L %) hnljB't\
cfof]hgfn] kl5Nnf] b'O{ dlxgfb]lv /sd
gkfpFbf lgdf{0f Joj;foLnfO{ e'QmfgL
ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . rfn" cfly{s jif{sf]
cGTo;Dd lgdf{0f ;DkGg x'g] qmddf /x]sf
Ps bh{g cfof]hgf ;a}eGbf a9L df/df
k/]sf] pmhf{ pBdLsf] egfO 5 . sl/a *)
d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] sfa]nL sl/8f]/sf kfFr
cfof]hgf rfn" cfjsf] cGTo;Dd ;DkGg
x'g] r/0fdf lyP . /sd cefjsf sf/0f tL
cfof]hgf ;DkGg x'g] ldlt;d]t k/ ;/]sf]
5 . o:t} d:of{ª\bL sl/8f]/, df]bL sl/8f]/,
lvDtL sl/8f]/sf cfof]hgf;d]t dsf{df
k/]sf 5g\ . :jtGq pmhf{ pTkfbsx¿sf]
;+:yf -Okfg_sf cWoIf z}n]Gb| u'/fufO{+n]
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] hnljB't\
cfof]hgfnfO{ /sd lbg kl5Nnf lbgdf
c:jLsf/ u/]sf sf/0f %) eGbfa9L
cfof]hgf ;d:ofdf k/]sf] atfP .
Okfgsf cg';f/ ? Ps va{ $*
ca{ /sd a}+saf6 lgsf;f x'g ;s]sf]
5}g . ;xljQLos/0fdf b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf
a9L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] u/]sf]
;+o'Qm nufgLcGtu{tsf] shf{ pknAw
gePsf] xf] . To:tf] k|lta4tf hgfPsf]
/sd pknAw u/fpg a}+sx¿n] g;Sg]
cfof]hgf k|j4{snfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPsf
sf/0f u'gf;f] cfpg] qmd a9]sf] cWoIf
u'/fufO+{sf] egfO 5 .
shf{ pknAw gePsf] ;d:ofdf
lk/f]lnO/x]sf pmhf{ pBdL a}+s tyf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] k|To]s dlxgf a9fPsf]
Aofhb/sf sf/0f yk dsf{df k/]sf 5g\ .
ljQLo Joj:yfkg ubf{ ;Demf}tfcg';f/
tf]lsPsf] eGbf a9L Aofh ltg'{kg]{ ;"rgf
cfPkl5 pmhf{ pBdL yk /sdsf] hf]xf]
s;/L ug]{ eGg]df lrlGtt b]lvG5g\ .
ljQLo Joj:yfkg ;Demf}tf ubf{ clwsf+z
a}+sn] Go"gtd cf7 k|ltzt / clwstd
!) k|ltzt;Dd Aofhb/ to u/]sf lyP .
kl5Nnf lbgdf a}+sn] Go"gtd Aofhb/ !@
k|ltzt k'¥ofPsf 5g\ .
g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] s[lif / hn;|f]t
If]qdf s"n shf{sf] !% k|ltzt nufgL
ug}{kg]{ afWosf/L Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .
;f]xL afWosf/L Joj:yfsf sf/0f a}+sn]
s"n shf{sf] kfFr k|ltzt /sd hnljB't\
If]qdf nufgL u/]sf] 5 .
hnljB't\ If]qdf cu|0fL ¿kdf nufgL
ug]{df PgPdaL a}+s /x]sf] 5 eg] Unf]an
cfOPdO{ / k|fOd sdlz{on a}+sn] klg
pNNf]Vo dfqfdf nufgL u/]sf 5g\ . ;a}
jfl0fHo a}+sn] ;xljQLos/0fdf hnljB't\
cfof]hgfdf nufgL u/]sf 5g\ . ljQLo
;Demf}tf u/]sf a}+sn] tTsfn shf{ glbP
klg s]xL ;dokl5 eg] lbg}kg]{ x'G5 .
a}+sdf nufgLof]Uo /sd gePsf] eGb}
pgLx¿n] k};f lbg aGb u/]sf] u'gf;f]
Okfgn] u/]sf] 5 . lghL If]qn] cfufdL
8]9 jif{leq Ps xhf/ d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf
cfof]hgf ;DkGg ug]{ atfPsf 5g\ . g]kfn
a}+s/ ;+3sf cWoIf 1fg]Gb| 9'+ufgfn] s]xL
cfof]hgfsf] shf{ k|jfxdf ;d:of cfPsf]
x'g;Sg] eP klg ;Demf}tf eO;s]sf
kl/of]hgfdf hl6ntf gcfpg] atfP .
pgn] eg], æt/ntfdf ;d:of b]lvPsf
sf/0f s]xL ;do shf{ lbg g;lsPsf]
x'g;S5, ;Demf}tf ePsf] nf]g lbg}k5{ .
a}+sx¿n] s]xL ;do kv{ eg]sf xf]nfg\ .Æ
hnljB't\ If]qsf d'Vo nufgL ug]{
a}+sdWo] PgPdaL a}+ssf k|d'v sfo{sf/L
clws[t ;'lgn s];Ln] ;Demf}tf ePsf]
shf{ k|jfxdf cj/f]w ug]{ eGg] x'g} g;Sg]
atfP . pgn] ahf/df b]lvPsf] t/ntf
cefjsf sf/0f 7"nf shf{ k|jfxdf s]xL
;d:of b]lvPsf] eP klg df}lb|s gLltsf]
dWofjlw ;dLIffn] ;Daf]wg ljZjf; JoQm
u/] . pmhf{ If]qdf nufgL ug]{ csf]{ cu|0fL
a}+s Unf]an cfOPdO{sf k|d'v sfo{sf/L
clws[t hgs/fh zdf{ kf}8]nn] df}lb|s
gLlt / ljQLo gLltaLr tfbDotf gx'Fbf
t/ntfdf ;d:of b]lvPsf] pNn]v u/] .
pgn] eg], æ;Demf}tf eO;s]sf shf{
pknAw u/fpg s'g} ;d:of 5}g, t/ gofF
kl/of]hgfsf nflu /sd pknAw u/fpg
cK7Øf/f] eg] ePsf] 5 .Æ ;f] a}+sn]
nufgL u/]sf 7"nf %) kl/of]hgfdWo]
#) j6f t hnljB't\s} 5g\ . ;/sf/n]
cfufdL !) jif{df !& xhf/ d]ufjf6
ljB't\ pTkfbg ug]{ nIosf ;fy :jb]zL
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ pNNf]Vo
¿kdf nufgL ug{ cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] .
;f]xL cfu|x adf]lhd &) cfof]hgf;Fu
a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] C0f pknAw
u/fpg] ;Demf}tf u/]sf 5g\ .
Jofj;flos aGb} kfNkfsf] 5'kL{ t/sf/L v]tLdf cg'bfg
kfNkf-h;_–kfNkfdf 5'kL{ vfpF, ;'tL{ x6fpF eGg]
cleofgsf ;fy kfFr jif{cl3 pTkflbt 5'kL{n] Jofj;flos
?k lng yfn]sf] 5 . kfFrjif{ cl3;Dd 5'kL{ pTkfbg gx'g]
lhNnf kfNkfdf jflif{s ;ft d]l6«s 6g lhNnf aflx/ lgof{t
x' Fb} cfPsf] 5 . 5'kL{sf nflu Onfd / kfFry/ gd"gf lhNnf
dflgFb} cfPklg kl5Nnf jif{ oxfF pTkflbt 5'kL{n] kfNkfnL
klxrfg agfpg ;kmn ag]sf] 5 . kfNKffdf pTkflbt
5'kL{ g]kfns} pTs[i6 dflgPsfn] o;sf] dfu :jb]z tyf
ljb]zdf ;d]t /x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . lhNnf kz';]jf
sfof{no, kfNkfsf k|d'v 8f k|bLk zdf{sf cg';f/
lhNnf ;b/d'sfd tfg;]gdf /x]sf >Lgu/ b'Uw 8]/L /
uf]/; 3/df pTkflbt 5'kL{ g]kfns} pTs[i6 dflgG5 .
k|z:t b"w pTkfbg x'g yfn]kl5 kfNkfdf 7"nf] dfqfdf
5'kL{ pTkfbg ugf{n] b"wsf] vkt a9]sf] xf] . ls;fgn]
pTkfbg u/]sf] b"w pkef]Qmfdf ljt/0f u/]kl5 afFsL
/x]sf] b"w v]/ kmfNg gk/f];\ egL 8]/Ln] 5'kL{ pTkfbg
ug{ yfn]kl5 gfd / bfd;d]t sdfpg ;kmn ePsf]
5 . Jofj;flos ?kdf pGgt ufO{kfng ug{ yfn]kl5
b'Uw 8]/L 5'kL{ pTkfbgk|lt cfslif{t ePsf 5g\ .
jflif{s ? $% nfvsf] 5'kL{ kfNKff aflx/ lgof{t xF 'b}
cfPsf] 5 . xfn ? Ps s/f]8 $) nfvsf] 5'kL{ cem}
k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgnfO{ ;+/If0f ug]{ cleofg z'?
gjnk/f;L-h;_–gjnk/f;L
-ab{3f6 ;':tf k"j{_ dWolaGb'
gu/kflnsfn] gu/ If]qleqsf
;a} k|sf/sf k|fs[lts ;|f]t
;fwgsf] ;+/If0f cleofg rnfPsf]
5 . k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf]
;+/If0fsf ;fy} cglws[t bf]xg /f]Sg,
b]zd} gd"gf ;Gb]z k|jfx ug]{ u/L
/0fgLlt cl3 a9fPsf] gu/ k|d'v
rG›axfb'/ /fgfn] hfgsf/L lbP .
cleofgcGtu{t gu/ If]qleq /x]sf
vf]nfgfnfdf xfn x'Fb} cfPsf] bf]xg,
pTvggnufotsf sfo{ lgoGq0f
u/L k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] ;+/If0f
cleofg b]zd} :yfgLo txdWo] klxnf]
s[lif aLdfdf ls;fg cfslif{t x'“b}
e}/xjf-h;_–?kGb]xLsf
ls;fg
clxn] s[lif aLdfdf cfslif{t x'Fb}
uPsf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] s[lif aLdfnfO{
k|fyldstfdf /fv]kl5 ls;fg cfslif{t
ePsf x'g\ . uxF', df5f, cfn', s]/f,
t/sf/L, r}t] wfgnufotsf vfBfGg tyf
t/sf/Ldf ls;fgn] aLdf ug]{ ;'ljwf
kfPsf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no,
?kGb]xLn] hgfPsf] 5 . ls;fgn]
ug]{ ljldt /sddWo] &% k|ltzt /fHon]
cg'bfg lbg] / @% k|ltzt ls;fgn]
ltg'{kg]{ Joj:yf;d]t /x]sf] 5 . cfly{s
jif{ )&#÷)&$ df ljleGg vfBfGg
afnLdf lhNnfsf @@) hgf ls;fgn]
:6sdf /x]sf] >Lgu/ b'Uw 8]/Lsf ;~rfns /f]dsfGt
Gof}kfg]n] atfP . 5'kL{sf] nf}/fnfO{ ? *)) / sf6]sf]
5'kL{nfO{ ? ()) k|ltlsnf]df laqmL ug{ afWo ePsf]
8]/Lsf ;~rfng /f]dsfGt Gof}kfg]n] atfP . Onfdsf]
lkmSsndf sl/a Ps dlxgf 5'kL{ agfpg] tl/sf
l;s]/ cfPkl5 b}lgs b'O{ xhf/ !)) ln6/eGbf
a9L b"wsf] 5kL{ pTkfbg x'Fb} cfPsf] pgsf] egfO
5 .kfNkfdf 5'kL{ vfpF, ;'tL{ x6fpF eGg] cleofgsf
;fy pTkflbt kfNkfnL 5'kL{ :ofª\hf, kf]v/f, afun'ª,
sf7df8fF}, ?kGb]xL, gjnk/f;L / gf/fo0f3f6df
vkt x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{non]
lhNnfnfO{ b"w pTkfbgdf cfTdlge{/ agfpg]
sfo{qmd ljutsf jif{df ;~rfngdf NofPkl5
kfNkf lhNnfsf b'Uw 8]/Ln] 5'kL{ agfpg yfn]sf]
sfof{nosf k|d'v 8f k|bLk zdf{n] atfP . kfNkfdf
pTkflbt ;ft d]l6«s 6g 5'kL{ lhNnf aflx/ vkt
x' Fb} cfPsf] zdf{n] atfP . lhNnf kz';]jf sfof{non]
lhNnfnfO{ b"w pTkfbgdf cfTdlge{/ agfpg] sfo{qmd
ljutsf jif{df ;~rfngdf NofPkl5 kfNkf lhNnfsf
b'Uw 8]/Ln] 5'kL{ agfpg yfn];Fu} @) hgfeGbf a9Ln]
8]/Ldf g} /f]huf/ kfpg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ .
sfo{ ePsf] dWolaGb' gu/kflnsfn]
bfaL 5 .
;f] adf]lhd vf]nfgfnfdf x'g]]
pTvgg tyf cltqmd0fh:tf sfo{
lgoGq0f u/L b]zel/ ;Gb]z k|efj
ug{ of]hgf agfP/ sfo{ a9fPOsf]
gu/kflnsfsf k|d'v k|zf;sLo
clws[t lzj/fh ;]9fO{+n] hfgsf/L
lbP . hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;dsfnLg
cGt/f{li6«o d'2f xf] . g]kfnsf rfFbL
em}F 6Nsg] ;]tf lxdfndf k/]sf]
k|efj dx;'; u/L o; ljifodf
cGt/f{li6«o hut\sf] Wofgfsif{0f
u/fpg ;g\ @))( l8;]Da/ ^ df
ljZjsf] ;jf]{Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyfsf]
tLg s/f]8 kfFr nfv a/fa/sf] s[lif
aLdf u/]sf 5g\ . ?kGb]xL vfBfGg /
t/sf/Ldf cfTdlge{/ ePsf] lhNnf;d]t
/x]sf] hfgsf/L lbFb} s[lif ljsf; sfof{no
?kGb]xLn] lhNnfdf Ps nfv *@ xhf/
d]l6«s 6g vfBfGg cfjZos /x]sf] / b'O{
nfv &^ xhf/ d]l6«s 6g pTkfbg x'g]
u/]sf] lhNnf s[lif sfof{no ?kGb]xLsf
k|d'v ef]h/fh ;fksf]6fn] atfP .
lhNnfdf d'Vo u/L wfg, uxF',
ds}, sf]bf] / kmfk/nufotsf vfBfGg
pTkfbg x'g] u/]sf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf;
sfof{no ?kGb]xLsf] /]s8{df b]lvG5 .
cfn' / xl/of] t/sf/Ldf ;d]t ?kGb]xL
cfwf/lzlj/df dlGqkl/ifb\sf] a}7s
a;]sf] lyof]] . vf]nfhGo k|fs[lts
;fwg ;|f]tsf] cltqmd0f / bf]xg klg
/fli6«o ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 .
o;nfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ cltqmd0fsf]
lzsf/ ag]sf] c¿0fvf]nfsf] lsgf/df
gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] a}7s a;L
k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgnfO{ k"0f{ ;+/If0f
ug]{ cleofg z'?jft\;d]t u/]sf]
sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .
o;}aLr gjnk/f;L -ab{3f6
;':tf k"j{_ dWolaGb' gu/kflnsfn]
rfn" cfly{s jif{ @)&$÷&%
df s"n ? $) s/f]8 *% nfv
*# xhf/ a/fa/ vr{ ug]{ nIo
cfTdlge{/ /x]sf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf;
sfof{no, ?kGb]xLsf] tYof+s /x]sf] 5 .
lhNnfdf Ps nfv Ps xhf/ d]l6«s
6g t/sf/L cfjZostf /x]sf]df Ps
nfv !% xhf/ d]l6«s 6g pTkfbg x'g]
u/]sf] 5 . u]8fu'8L / t]nxgafnLsf]
pTkfbgn] eg] ?kGb]xLnfO{ ck'u x'g]
u/]sf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no
?kGb]xLsf s[lif k|;f/ clws[t cfzf
e08f/Ln] hfgsf/L lbP . s[lif k|;f/
clws[t e08f/Ln] lhNnfdf s[lif ks]6
If]q Ans If]qsf] cfwf/df sfo{qmd cufl8
a9fOPsf] hfgfsf/L lbFb} k|wfgdGqL
s[lif cfw'lgsLs/0f kl/of]hgfcGtu{t
s~rgk'/-h;_–t/sf/L v]tLdfkm{t o'jfnfO{ :j/f]huf/ agfpsf
nflu a]nf}/L gu/kflnsfsf] s[lif zfvfn] cg'bfg /sd pknAw
u/fPsf] 5 . o'jf nlIft sfo{qmdcGtu{t cf7hgf o'jfnfO{ ? $)
xhf/sf b/n] cg'bfg /sd pknAw u/fOPsf] xf] . Ps jif{df b'O{
df};ddf Ps la3f v]tdf Jofj;flos t/sf/L v]tL ug{sf nflu
cg'bfg /sd pknAw u/fOPsf] s[lif zfvfsf k|d'v /0faxfb'/
dNnn] atfP . ljb]lzg] o'jfnfO{ ufpFd} /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ k|bfg u/L
:j/f]huf/ agfpg /sd k|bfg ul/Psf] pgsf] egfO 5 . æcg'bfg
kfPsf o'jfnfO{ df};dL / a]df};dL t/sf/L v]tLaf/] k|fljlws 1fg
lbP/ bIf agfpF5f},Æ pgn] eg], æcg'bfg /sd k|bfg u/L t/sf/L
v]tLsf nflu k|f]T;flxt ul/Psf o'jfnfO{ :jb]zd} ljb]zeGbf a9L
sdfO ug{ ;Ifd agfpF5f} .Æ
zfvfn] k|wfgdGqL cfw'lgsLs/0f sfo{qmdcGtu{t @) j6f ks]6
If]q lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 . bz x]S6/ hUufdf wfg, ux'F, pv', t/sf/L /
tf]/L v]tLsf ks]6 If]q lgdf{0f u/L ls;fgnfO{ cg'bfg /sd pknAw
u/fpg] of]hgf /x]sf] zfvfsf k|fljlws xl/z ;]7Ln] atfP . ks]6
If]q agfO{ v]tL ug]{ ls;fgnfO{ zfvfsf tkm{af6 ? b'O{ nfv gf} xhf/
/ ls;fgn] TolQs} /sdsf] Joj:yf u/L v]tL ug'{kg]{ pg atfpF5g\ .
;f] sfo{qmddfkm{t ;xsf/L / s[ifs ;d"xnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .
sfo{qmdsf nflu ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psfdf ks]6 If]q lgwf{/0f u/L
v]tL ug{sf nflu @^ j6f ;xsf/L / ;d"xn] lgj]bg btf{ u/fPsf
5g\ . 5gf]6df k/]sf ;d"x / ;xsf/LnfO{ cg'bfg /sd;Fu} k|fljlws
;]jf pknAw u/fOg]5 .
lnPsf] 5 . sfof{nosf cg';f/
o; gu/kflnsfsf] ;du| ljsf;
lgdf{0f;lxt rf}tkmL{ ljsf;sf nflu
;f] ah]6 vr{ ug]{ nIo lnOPsf] xf] .
rfn" cfjsf] xfn;Dd s"n /sddWo]
k"FhLut vr{ !# bzdnj @$ k|ltzt
/ ;zt{tkm{ &$ bzdnj ^@ k|ltzt
/ rfn"df @^ bzdnj #) k|ltzt
vr{ ePsf] k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t
;]9fO+{n] hfgsf/L lbP . ljz]ifu/L
gu/kflnsfsf] ljsf; lgdf{0f;lxt
rf}tkmL{ ljsf;sf nflu u'?of]hgf
agfP/ sfo{ ul//x]sf] gu/ k|d'v
/fgfn] hfgsf/L lbP .
o;}u/L ;f] gu/kflnsfn]
ls;fgnfO{ cfly{s cg'bfg;d]t
pknAw u/fOPsf] atfP .
lhNnfdf %# j6f s[lif ks]6 If]q
/ b'O{j6f s[lif Ans If]q /x]sf 5g\ .
t/sf/Ldf !$ j6f ks]6 If]q 5g\ . tL
cGtu{t s]/fsf] ks]6 If]q rf/ j6f, cfn',
l;dL, tf]/L, ds} / uxF'sf] Ps Psj6f,
wfg !) j6f, wfgsf] aLp tLgj6f, df5f
kfFrj6f / Rofp tLgj6f ks]6 If]qdf
pTkfbg x'g]u/]s]f 5 . lhNnfsf /fok'/,
dfgks8L, dfgd6l/of, wswO{, c;'/}gf,
cd'jfF vfBfGgsf] ks]6 If]q x'g\ eg]
;"o{k'/f, dfgks8L, j;Gtk'/nufotsf
If]q t/sf/Lsf ks]6 If]q / bofgu/,
b]ze/ ;/;kmfOsf] ;Gb]z k|efj
ug{ gjnk/f;Lsf] ab{3f6 ;':tf
k"j{b]lv x]6f}F8f;Dd If]qsf] kmf]x/d}nf
plrt / lbuf] Joj:yfkgsf nflu
dxTjk"0f{ of]hgf agfpg] tof/L
u/]sf] 5 . pQm gu/kflnsfn] !%
j6} j8fdf z'4 vfg]kfgL lj:tf/,
;/sf/L :jfldTjsf ;+:yfdfkm{t
lgMz'Ns cf}iflw pkrf/ k|bfg
ug]{ sfd ul//x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .
gu/kflnsfn] gu/ If]qleq /x]sf
vf]nfdf ljB'tLo dfWod jf ljiffbL
k|of]u u/L df5f dfg]{ sfo{nfO{
lgoGq0f ug{ cleofg rnfPsf]
hgfPsf] 5 .
5f]8\sL /fdgu/, cd'jf, dfgd6l/of,
dfgks8L / wswO{ df5fsf] ks]6 If]q
/x]sf 5g\ . k|To]s ks]6 If]qsf nflu
lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no ?kGb]xLn]
? b'O{ nfv *@ xhf/sf] cg'bfg lbg]
u/]sf] 5 eg] lhNnfdf /x]sf b'O{ Ans
If]qdWo] df5f Ans If]qnfO{ ? $# nfv
/ vfBfGg pTkfbg x'g] Ans If]qnfO{ ?
%# nfv cg'bfg ;xof]u u/]sf lhNnf
s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] s[lif, ko{6g / pBf]udf ;d]t
cufl8 a9]sf] ?kGb]xLn] kl5Nnf] ;dodf
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