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Human Reliability – Human Failures
If we analyse the causes of the Lost Time Incidents and Recordable
Injuries reported by member companies in the Work Injury Statistics
(WIST) database, approximately 50‐60% have been reported as
‘human errors’. If we, as an industry, are going to continue to
improve our safety performance, we need to tackle the causes of
these incidents by focusing on the underlying human factors and safe
behaviours that result in these ‘human errors’. To support that
objective, the Safety Advisory Council (SAC) will be changing the
classification of “Human error” in future incident reporting to better
identify and understand these contributing factors and improve the
value of safety statistics in helping to develop programmes to reduce
incidents in the industry.
EIGA document 904/11 “Work Injury Statistics” will be reissued in the
next few weeks. This 2011 revision aligns the document completely
to the WIST Platform. In particular, Appendix 1E has been
substantially updated to separate the “Human error” classification
into seven categories of “Human failure” so as to better record the
outcome of human factor analysis in investigations. The new
classifications are:
� Human failure ‐ Skill Based Error
� Human failure ‐ Mistake
� Human failure ‐ Unintended violation
� Human failure ‐ Situational violation
� Human failure ‐ Organisational benefit violation
� Human failure ‐ Personal benefit violation
� Human failure ‐ Reckless violation
A further Appendix 2 has been added to the document to provide
further descriptions and examples of each type of human failure.
The WIST platform is being updated to allow Q1 2011 incident reports
to be entered using one of these new classifications in addition to the
existing causes. SAC are also producing a Human Factors Safety
Information Sheet on “Human Reliability and Human Failure“ in
support of this.
Transport Legislation Issues
Tunnels
Many of you will be aware of the restrictions placed on some tunnels
where ADR is applied. This impacts many EIGA members, and so an
Ad‐Hoc Group of the Transport Working Group (WG‐1) was formed to
look at the issues. To try and understand what could be done to
change the classification of class 2 products in the tunnel categories,
representatives of the Ad‐Hoc Group met with one of the agencies
involved in the original work that set the restrictions. From this
meeting, it does not appear that anything can be done in the short
term to make a change to the categories or the classification, and that
this may have to be looked at a National level. The Ad‐Hoc Group will
be meeting shortly to review what the next actions EIGA and the
National Associations could take.
News in Brief
EU Commission Propose Revision to
Seveso Directive
At the end of December 2011, the
Commission (DG Environment) adopted
a proposal to revise the Seveso II
Directive (Proposal for a Directive of the
European Parliament and of the Council
on the control of major accident hazards
involving dangerous substances). The
new rules in the Proposed Directive
would apply from June 1, 2015.
Discussions in the European Parliament
and the EU Council on the proposal will
take place during 2011.
EIGA has established an Ad Hoc Group to
review the proposed directive. The issue
of increasing the threshold for hydrogen
(see Position Paper PP‐29) was
acknowledged by the Commission and
the options presented and discussed in
the impact assessment document that
accompanied the Proposed Directive.
The decision of the Commission is that
“...at this stage the preferred option is to
leave the threshold unchanged, although
it should be recognised that appropriate
risk management may be required
should the hydrogen economy develop
in the longer‐term.” The most significant
proposed changes to Seveso II are:
� Alignment of the definitions of
substances falling within the scope of
the Directive with the EU system of
classification of dangerous
substances (CLP), to which it now
refers. There is also a new process to
handle substances with hazards that
are not reflected in CLP.
� Alignment of provisions relating to
the public’s access to safety and
environmental information with
existing EU Directives on this access,
with the intention of making access
to information and participation in
decision simpler.
� Introduction of the concept of safety
culture, and stricter standards for
inspections of installations to ensure
the effective implementation and
enforcement of safety rules.
© EIGA 2011 ‐ EIGA grants permission to reproduce this publication provided the Association is acknowledged as the source