The Oriental Religions in Roman Paganism [1911] - Get a Free Blog

ASTROLOGY AND MAGIC. 163
rences of any one s life with as much precision as the
date of an eclipse. The world was drawn towards it
by an irresistible attraction. Astrology did away with,
and gradually relegated to oblivion, all the ancient
methods that had been devised to solve the enigmas of f
the future. Haruspicy and the augural art were aban
doned, and not even the ancient fame of the oracles
could save them from falling into irretrievable desue
tude. This great chimera changed religion
as well as
divination, its spirit penetrated everything. And truly,
if, as some scholars still hold, the main feature of
science is the ability to predict, 2 no branch of learning
could compare with this one, nor escape its influence.
The success of astrology was connected with that of
the Oriental religions, which lent it their support, as
it in turn helped them. We have seen how it forced
itself upon Semitic paganism, how it transformed Per
sian Mazdaism and even subdued the arrogance of the
Egyptian sacerdotal caste.3 Certain mystical treatises
ascribed to the old Pharaoh Nechepso and his con
fidant, the priest Petosiris, nebulous and abstruse works
that became, one might say, the Bible of the new belief
in the power of the stars, were translated into Greek,
undoubtedly in Alexandria, about the year 150 before
our era.4 About the same time the Chaldean genethlialogy
began to spread in Italy, with regard to which
Berosus, a priest of the god Baal, who came to Baby
lon from the island of Cos, had previously succeeded
in arousing the curiosity of the Greeks. In 139 a
praetor expelled the "Chaldaei" from Rome, together
with the Jews. But all the adherents of the Syrian
goddess, of whom there was quite a number in the
Occident, were patrons and defenders of these Oriental