New Sense in Nuisance - JaniPad

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The Water Hyacinths on Lake Victoria Lake Victoria is the second largest fresh-water lake in the world and bordered by Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. The water hyacinths has manifested the waters since 1988 and its growth is partly due to declining water quality of the lake from the increasing inflow of nutrients from rural areas as well as municipal and industrial discharges (The World Bank, 1996). The distribution and abundance of water hyacinths in the different bays of Lake Victoria are related to the wind activity (Jembe et al, 2008). The water hyacinths are only present in Kisumu with surroundings from December to June due to the tides and winds. From July to November, the water hyacinths can only be found south of Kisumu in Nyakatch, Homa Bay and Kendu Bay, this due to geographical barriers. In 2008, the surface area of the water hyacinth mats within Nyanza Gulf, an embayment of Lake Victoria including Kisumu Bay, was calculated. The area was estimated to be approximately 1 400 hectares (Jembe et al, 2008). The water hyacinths are not only a problem in itself but have also supported the growth of the hippo grass. This plant is not self-supportive and the water hyacinths have given this plant a basis to grow, allowing it to exist in other places than along the coastline (Akello, 2009). Map showing the seasonal movement of water hyacinth on Lake Victoria (Jembe et al, 2008) Reality Studio 09 - New Sense in Nuisance page 10 of 97
The Impact of the Water Hyacinth on the Lake Victoria Region The water hyacinth with its rapid proliferation can cover large areas of the water surface, causing not only imbalance in the ecosystem but also having an economical and social impact on the inhabitants. Effects on the Inhabitants As the hyacinths grow uncontrolled, it creates thick mats that clog the waterways, making water activities such as boating and fishing nearly impossible. The small scale fishery is normally conducted with small, hand driven boats that find it difficult to reach their fishing grounds. Even larger freighters are sometimes affected as it can take up to an hour to get out of the port (Michael Denga, 2009). With large areas of water hyacinth mats covering the water, the lake also becomes unappealing, from a native’s as well as a tourist’s, point of view. Ecological Effects The water hyacinth has positive as well as negative effects on the ecosystem of the lake. One of its advantages is the ability to absorb nutrients and pollutants, thereby cleaning the water. The roots provide a good environment for aerobic bacteria, which feed on the nutrients and produce food for the plant (Gopal and Brij, 1987 in Practical Action, 2006). The mat of water hyacinth decrease the sunlight inflow and during its decomposition, also reduces the level of dissolved oxygen. Furthermore they increase the water evaporation through evapotranspiration by as much as 1.8 times that of the same surface free of hyacinths (Herfjord et al in Practical Action, 2006). This has great impact where the water is already scarce and it is estimated that the flow of water in the Nile could be reduced by up to one tenth due to the existence of water hyacinths in Lake Victoria (Practical Action, 2006). The biodiversity is affected as the hyacinth competes with other aquatic species for light, nutrients and oxygen. As a result of the lower level of dissolved oxygen, fish species that require less oxygen become dominant as others find it harder to survive. The still standing water provides breeding grounds for malaria carrying mosquitoes. Additionally, snakes and crocodiles occur more frequently in areas where the hyacinth is dominant (Ezeilo et al, 2007). Sketch showing the negative ecological effects caused by the water hyacinth Reality Studio 09 - New Sense in Nuisance page 11 of 97
Page 1 and 2: NEW SENSE IN NUISANCE Reality Studi
Page 3 and 4: Table of Content PHASE I 5 Introduc
Page 5 and 6: PHASE I Reality Studio 09 - New Sen
Page 7 and 8: Introduction to ‘New Sense in Nui
Page 9: Background Information For a thorou
Page 13 and 14: Controlling the Hyacinths on Lake V
Page 15 and 16: Applications of Water Hyacinths in
Page 17 and 18: Identified Problems with Harvesting
Page 19 and 20: Process As the goal was to develop
Page 21 and 22: We also tried to use less waste pap
Page 23 and 24: Stool Using the same technique and
Page 25 and 26: Interacting with People in Kenya To
Page 27 and 28: Discussion on Phase I A question th
Page 29 and 30: Direction of Project in Phase II In
Page 31 and 32: Introduction to Phase II The chapte
Page 33 and 34: Background Information II In order
Page 35 and 36: According to White (2009), the pric
Page 37 and 38: Construction of a Conventional Sani
Page 39 and 40: Possible Ways of Making Materials H
Page 41 and 42: Process II Different types of brain
Page 43 and 44: Developing Materials One goal with
Page 45 and 46: The first step of the process is to
Page 47 and 48: Making Nonwoven To investigate if i
Page 49 and 50: Absorption Testing After developing
Page 51 and 52: Evaluation of Materials After havin
Page 53 and 54: Developing a Sanitary Pad As previo
Page 55 and 56: Evaluation of Fastening Methods Fro
Page 57 and 58: Evaluation of the Pad Concepts To e
Page 59 and 60: Our minds where for a long time set
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RESULT Reality Studio 09 - New Sens
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In the construction of the pad we h
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Both the paper strip and sticker ha
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Distribution ‘Jani’ is intended
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Continuation There is a great poten
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The Project Work The work in our gr
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Kenya Agricultural Research Institu
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Appendix I Time schedule for Transf
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Appendix III - Interview with Akell
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Appendix IV - Potential Uses of the
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Appendix VI Grows fast Spongy Shoe
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Appendix VIII In this method of eva
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Appendix X To accompany the mock-up
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Appendix XII Water hyacinth composi
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Appendix XIII Absolute Design Crite
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Desired Design Criteria Discrete ap
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Appendix XV - Tree of Materials for
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Megan White - CEO of ZanaA, Tools f
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NEW SENSE IN NUISANCE Reality Studi
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New Sense in Nuisance - JaniPad

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