Centrifuge Technology Solutions Scraper Centrifuges - Custom ...

Centrifuge Technology Solutions
Scraper Centrifuges
Centrifuge Technology

2
Expertise in high-performance products
Moving with the times
Ferrum designs state-of-the-art scraper
centrifuges which have proven their
unrivalled efficiency and long-term benefits
in applications the world over. For
decades, products from the chemical,
pharmaceutical, agroindustry and food
industries fields have been separated and
washed using our centrifuges. Ferrum
has always focused exclusively on the
latest technologies – and our customers
reap the benefits.
Top performance for decades:
1935
1945
1958
Customer-oriented service
Our design, sales and service teams remain
at our customers’ disposal around
the clock. This means that our customers
have complete access to our know-how
of more than 9000 applications on over
6000 machines in use worldwide.
1970
Lasting advantages
1983 2000
1996
Ferrum guarantees comprehensive
service, from the first construction plan
to preventive maintenance. In addition,
we optimise costs in conjunction with our
customers over the entire usage cycle
(Total Cost of Ownership: TCO). This task
goes beyond purely technical approaches,
because Ferrum evaluates the customerspecific
needs during long-term use and
in so doing considers the requirements of
the overall system. Specific solutions are
thus developed with the lowest residual
moisture, high solid yields, high washing
efficiency, low crystal breakage, low
maintenance costs and minimal hidden
costs – in short, cost-effective facilities
throughout the entire usage cycle.
today

A principle with diverse automation
options
The different models of scraper centrifuges
all function according to
the same principle. The solid-liquid separation
is performed in a sequence of
specific procedural steps – the working
method is therefore discontinuous.
Nevertheless, the processes can be 100%
automated.
Production steps involved in solid-liquid separation in a horizontal scraper centrifuge
100%
50%
0%
Filling Intermediate
centrifugation
Revolutions in percent (of the max. rotor speed)
Operating mode: exemplary efficiency 3
The right machine for every
application
Ferrum offers scraper centrifuges in
many different versions, corresponding
to the specific spatial conditions and
field of use. Selecting the right centrifuge
for your requirements is the principal
determining factor for optimal
work methodology. Together with our
customers, our sales and process engineers
evaluate whether an easy-to-access
horizontal scraper centrifuge is appropriate,
or if a top discharge or bottom
discharge vertical scraper centrifuge is a
better match for the process requirements.
Additional parameters are selected
depending on the process, since the centrifuge
versions differ in the materials
used, e.g. stainless steel, Halar-coated or
Hastelloy. Furthermore, the products to
be processed and the field of application
result in different requirements in terms
of cleaning, integrated options such as
clean room, acid resistance or inertisation
with nitrogen for explosion protection.
In batch production processes,
automated process cycles take on a high
degree of importance. Here it pays
dividends to integrate Ferrum technologies
uncompromisingly, since perfectly
coordinated interfaces in the fields of
fluidics, solids handling, micro-sensor
technology and software contribute directly
to reducing the total process costs.
Our engineers therefore design the
overall system jointly with our customers
– from the inquiry of the project to the
maintenance of the equipment. In this
way, the total cost of ownership (TCO) is
significantly reduced.
Washing Dry-
Scraping Residual heel
centrifugation
removal

4
Operating mode: exemplary efficiency
Production steps involved in solid-fluid separation in a vertical scraper centrifuge
Filling Intermediate
centrifugation
These production steps for solid-liquid
separation can now be repeated
manually or automatically. To guarantee
product quality, a CIP cleaning is in -
Inertisation
Organic solvents are frequently used. To
be able to control the resulting vapour
mixtures, which pose an explosion risk,
the machine is purged with nitrogen
prior to startup. Once this has been done,
the centrifuge remains in a nitrogen
atmosphere and, with the right operating
technique, can be run for as long
as desired. Small nitrogen leaks are detected
and compensated for by means of
suitable monitoring (pressure and/or
oxygen measurement).
The time required for the initial inertisation
is approximately 5–20 minutes,
Washing Dry-
Scraping
Residual heel
centrifugation
removal
Basket speed of centrifuge Rotor speed of inclined filling disc
corporated, especially after a product
change. For operational safety,
inertisation with nitrogen is included,
according to the application. Both
depending on the machine size. During
the basic inertisation, nitrogen flows
through the centrifuge at a constant
rate, and the excess pressure is released
via a mechanical relief valve which is set
at around 20 mbar. On initial startup of
the centrifuge, the oxygen content of
the exhaust airstream is determined with
a portable measuring device and the
time taken to reach the desired maximum
permitted value thus determined.
With excess pressure inertisation, the
pressure inside the machine is subsequently
kept constant within a specific
the automation and the cleaning can be
performed 100% automatically, de -
pending on the control option selected.
range (e.g. 4–10 mbar). If the pressure
falls below 4 mbar, then the machine is
resupplied with nitrogen, until it again
reaches a pressure of 10 mbar.
For an installation with oxygen measurement,
the O2 content of the exhaust
airstream is constantly measured, and in
the event of excess oxygen of e.g. 6%,
nitrogen is added until the oxygen
content has fallen back to 4% again.

Typical inertisation behaviour for a scraper centrifuge
Pressure (mbar)
Oxygen (Vol %)
25
20
15
10
5
Operating mode: exemplary efficiency 5
0
0.5
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Pressure
Time(s)
Oxygen content Nitrogen flow
Cleaning (CIP)
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
Nitrogen flow (m 3 /h)
In the event of a product change, or
when different product batches must not
be cross contaminated, the centrifuge
must be cleaned. With cleaning nozzles
and an appropriate operating technique
(in consideration of the flow within the
machine) and with the use of optimal
cleaning agents, the machine, its internals
and the filter cloth are cleaned.
Here, the procedure and cleaning agents
for the respective products must be
specifically selected. A riboflavin test
performed by Ferrum ensures that the
cleaning nozzles are arranged so that
the entire surface contacting the product
is wetted by the cleaning agent. The
duration of cleaning varies according
to the cleanliness requirements and the
solubility behaviour of the impurities.

6
Decisive advantages
VBC – Vertical bottom discharge
scraper centrifuges for low process
costs
With the latest vertical scraper centrifuges,
with bottom discharge (VBCs),
process costs can be reduced significantly.
HSZ-PH – Horizontal scraper
centrifuges for optimal systems in
pharmaceutical production
Horizontal scraper centrifuges HSZ-PH
are especially designed for flexible applications
in pharmaceutical production.
Due to the design, inclined filling disc,
ease of cleaning, modularity and ideal
up-grade capability, this centrifuge
optimally meets customer needs. The
pragmatic innovations reduce the cost of
installation and maintenance and open
up selective application options. For
demanding continuous use in chemical
applications, vertical scraper centrifuges
can be equipped with circulating oil
lubrication. Or in the pharmaceuticals
industry, the model with membrane
connection to the building together with
a pneumatic drive for the cover and
scraper units offers the best results for
use in a clean room.
Modularity and up-grade capability reduce the total cost of
ownership (TCO) by up to 15 %.
Optional oil lubrication of the bearings support demanding
continuous use.
Pneumatic drive for cover and scraper units prevents hydraulic
oil in the clean room.
Inclined filling disc enables extremely even filling of the
machine.
These centrifuges offer automatic filling
control, exceptionally economical inertisation,
highly efficient removal of the
residual heel with nozzles in three rows,
depending on the process with programs
for the scraper speed. In this way, the
centrifuges permit the particularly care-
Automatic CIP system (Cleaning in Place) can be integrated.
The residual heel can be removed very efficiently and care -
fully with nozzles (Resomat) and the automatically adjustable
scraper unit.
ful discharge of the various products.
The impurities in the filter cake can be
removed by washing the cake with
different media from water to solvents.
The square-shaped interior of the
machine improves the washing-machine
effect when cleaning with flooding.
Easy inspection without disassembly thanks to laterally
mounted side doors.
Automatic CIP cleaning (Cleaning in Place) together with
flooding, with high turbulence in the square-shaped housing.
Three rows of nozzles (Resomat) thoroughly and carefully
remove the residual heel by lifting the filter cloth.
“Through-the-wall” or free-standing designs.
Compact construction for easiest installation in existing
facilities.

HPZ – Horizontal scraper centrifuges
with swivel housing and innovative
front door for easy inspection
in pharmaceutical production
Horizontal scraper centrifuges HPZ are
designed for easy inspection of the basket.
The entire housing can be opened and
HCZ – Horizontal scraper centrifuges
for continuous use in the chemical
and fine chemical industries
The new HCZ generation of horizontal
scraper centrifuges has been designed
swivelled aside. In addition, the most recent
model makes it easy to inspect
internals such as the filling pipe, scraper
unit, discharge chute, CIP nozzles and
micro-sensors, thanks to the front-side
inspection door which can be opened
Cleaning according to the latest GMP guidelines.
Smallest possible process space with the largest possible basket
volume minimises the amount of cleaning solution required.
Efficient inspection of instruments and functional parts even
when the centrifuge is full, thanks to innovative front door.
Convenient inspection of the basket thanks to swivelling
housing.
High availability thanks to online measurement and adjustment
of the scraper settings, with high stability factor.
Optimal adjustment to the entire production process thanks
to modular technology.
High throughput, with minimal residual moisture thanks to
optimally adjustable basket speed settings.
Highly efficient separation thanks to basket with backwashing.
VTC – Vertical centrifuge with top
discharge for optimal use in smallscale
production in the fine
chemical industry, pharmaceutical
or biotech facilities.
The latest vertical top discharge scraper
centrifuge (VTC) is superbly suited to
for uncompromising functionality. Its
planning involved combining features of
the rugged predecessor models with
state-of-the-art automation technology.
The modular construction of the
centrifuge enables efficient adaptation
adaptation to small-scale production
needs. Although the centrifuge is
discharged from the top, a high degree
of automation can be implemented
with a closed CIP cleaning circuit.
Where this is not required, this
centrifuge can be cost-specificall optimised.
Manual or automatic top discharge possible
Suitable for integration in clean rooms
Pneumatic drive for cover opening prevents hydraulic oil in the clean room
Efficient inspection of the product area possible
Suitable for the production of highly efficacious pharmaceutical products
Centrifuge technology 7
wide. The major functional elements are
easy to access at all times. Thus, if operation
is interrupted, the filled centrifuge
can be inspected without having to open
the entire housing.
to the process concerned – even during
upgrading after startup.

8
Technical specifications
VTC
Vertical top discharge centrifuge
Suspension on base plate with dampers
Motor can be top- or bottom-mounted
For pilot plants and laboratory operation
Automatic or manual discharge
Type VTC 400 VTC 630 VTC 800
Drum
Diameter 400 mm 630 mm 800 mm
Height 200 mm 320 mm 400 mm
Opening 280 mm 440 mm 560 mm
Filter surface 0,251 m 2 0,633 m 2 1,005 m 2
Useful volume 12,8 l 51,1 l 102,5 l
Max. permitted load 16,0 kg 63,9 kg 128,2 kg
Performance
Max. rotor speed 2700 rpm 1900 rpm 1500 rpm
Centrifugal acceleration 1630 1271 1006 g
Max. unbalance at rpm 0,6 kg / 1800 2 kg/ 1200 3 kg / 1000
Drive power 2,2 kW 4 kW 5,5 kW
External dimensions (HxWxD) 1,6 x 1,2 x 0,7 m 1,5 x 1,4 x 1,0 m 1,8 x 1,6 x 1,2 m
Weight 300 kg 650 kg 1050 kg
VBC
Vertical bottom discharge scraper
centrifuge, modular and up-gradeable
Optional oil lubrication
Optional version with “through-theceiling/floor”
construction
Optional drive for cover and scraper
apparatus with pneumatic motors
(free of hydraulic oil)
Motor can be top- or bottom-mounted
Additional data available on request
Type VBC 1000 VBC 1250/630 VBC 1250/800 VBC 1600/800 VBC 1600/1000
Drum
Diameter 1000 mm 1250 mm 1250 mm 1600 mm 1600 mm
Height 500 mm 630 mm 800 mm 800 mm 1000 mm
Opening 700 mm 875 mm 875 mm 1120 mm 1120 mm
Filter surface 1,57 m 2 2,47 m 2 3,14 m 2 4,02 m 2 5,03 m 2
Useful volume 200 l 394 l 500 l 820 l 1025 l
Max. permitted load 250 kg 493 kg 626 kg 1025 kg 1281 kg
Performance
Max. rotor speed 1200 rpm 950 rpm 950 rpm 750 rpm 750 rpm
Centrifugal acceleration 805 g 631 g 631 g 503 g 503 g
Max. unbalance at rpm 4 kg / 800 6 kg / 750 6 kg / 750 10 kg / 700 10 kg / 700
Drive power 15 kW 18,5 kW 18,5 kW 37 kW 55 kW
External dimensions (HxWxD) 1,9 x 2,0 x 1,5 m 2,2 x 2,3 x 1,9 m 2,4 x 2,3 x 1,9 m 2,9 x 3,0 x 2,2 m 3,1 x 3,0 x 2,2 m
Weight 2300 kg 3800 kg 3900 kg 5800 kg 6500 kg

HSZ-PH
Horizontal scraper centrifuge, with freestanding
construction for integration in
existing facilities
Easy inspection without disassembly
thanks to laterally mounted side doors
and front door
Particularly thorough cleaning thanks
to turbulence during flooding of the
square shape housing (GMP)
The most compact centrifuge tech -
nology solution
Type HSZ-PH 630 HSZ-PH 800 HSZ-PH 1000 HSZ-PH 1250
Drum
Diameter 630 mm 800 mm 1000 mm 1250 mm
Height 320 mm 400 mm 500 mm 600 mm
Opening 485 mm 620 mm 750 mm 950 mm
Filter surface 0,63 m 2 1,01 m 2 1,57 m 2 2,36 m 2
Useful volume 41 l 80 l 172 l 311 l
Max. permitted load 51 kg 100 kg 215 kg 389 kg
Performance
Max. rotor speed 2400 rpm 1900 rpm 1500 rpm 1200 rpm
Centrifugal acceleration 2028 g 1614 g 1258 g 1006 g
Max. unbalance at rpm 2 kg / 1500 4 kg / 1200 4 kg / 1100 6 kg / 800
Drive power 11 kW 18,5 kW 30 kW 37 kW
External dimensions (HxWxD) 2 x 1,6 x 2,2 m 1,9 x 1,9 x 2,3 m 2,2 x 2,2 x 2,9 m 2,5 x 2,2 x 2,8 m
Weight 4300 kg 6000 kg 7600 kg 12 800 kg
HSZ-PHW
Horizontal scraper centrifuge, version
with “through-the-wall” construction
Easy inspection without disassembly
thanks to laterally mounted side doors
and front door
Particularly thorough cleaning thanks
to turbulence during flooding of the
square-shaped housing (GMP)
Particularly well-suited as a flexible
add-on to container discharge stations
Type HSZ-PHW 630 HSZ-PHW 800 HSZ-PHW 1000 HSZ-PHW 1250
Drum
Diameter 630 mm 800 mm 1000 mm 1250 mm
Height 320 mm 400 mm 500 mm 600 mm
Opening 485 mm 620 mm 750 mm 950 mm
Filter surface 0,63 m 2 1,01 m 2 1,57 m 2 2,36 m 2
Useful volume 41 l 80 l 172 l 311 l
Max. permitted load 51 kg 100 kg 215 kg 389 kg
Performance
Max. rotor speed 2400 rpm 1900 rpm 1500 rpm 1200 rpm
Centrifugal acceleration 2028 g 1614 g 1258 g 1006 g
Max. unbalance at rpm 2 kg / 1500 4 kg / 1200 4 kg / 1100 6 kg / 800
Drive power 11 kW 18,5 kW 30 kW 37 kW
External dimensions (HxWxD) 1,7 x 1,3 x 2,3 m 1,7 x 1,5 x 2,5 m 2,2 x 1,8 x 3,1 m 2,55 x 2,0 x 3,7 m
Weight 5600 kg 7200 kg 10 000 kg 13 400 kg
Technical specifications 9

10
Technical specifications
HPZ
Horizontal scraper centrifuge with swivel
housing and optionally available front door
Efficient inspection of instruments and functional
parts thanks to innovative front door
Convenient inspection of the basket thanks to
swivel open housing
Cleaning according to the latest GMP guidelines
Optional version as free-standing or
“through-the-wall” construction
Particularly well-suited as a flexible add-on to
container discharge stations
Type HPZ 630 HPZ 800 HPZ 1000 HPZ 1250
Drum
Diameter 630 mm 800 mm 1000 mm 1250 mm
Height 320 mm 400 mm 500 mm 600 mm
Opening 485 mm 620 mm 750 mm 950 mm
Filter surface 0,63 m 2 1,01 m 2 1,57 m 2 2,36 m 2
Useful volume 41 l 80 l 172 l 311 l
Max. permitted load 51 kg 100 kg 215 kg 389 kg
Performance
Typical rotor speed 2400 rpm 1900 rpm 1500 rpm 1200 rpm
Centrifugal acceleration 2028 g 1614 g 1258 g 1006 g
Max. unbalance at rpm 2 kg / 1500 4 kg / 1200 4 kg / 1100 6 kg / 800
Drive power 7,5 kW 15 kW 22 kW 30 kW
External dimensions (HxWxD) 1,65 x 1,45 x 2,0 m 1,8 x 1,7 x 2,3 m 2,4 x 1,9 x 2,9 m 2,35 x 2,3 x 3,2 m
Mass with sep. swing plate 6150 kg 7300 kg 9000 kg 13 100 kg
HCZ
Horizontal scraper centrifuge for high throughput
and separation performance.
Modular mechanical and control technology
Highly efficient separation thanks to
backwashing basket
High throughput performance thanks to
online measurement and adjustment of the
scraper and filling settings
Type HCZ 1000 HCZ 1250/630 HCZ 1250/800 HCZ 1600/800 HCZ 1600/1000
Drum
Diameter 1000 mm 1250 mm 1250 mm 1600 mm 1600 mm
Height 500 mm 630 mm 800 mm 800 mm 1000 mm
Opening 750 mm 950 mm 950 mm 1210 mm 1210 mm
Filter surface 1,57 m 2 2,47 m 2 3,14 m 2 4,02 m 2 5,03 m 2
Useful volume 172 l 326 l 414 l 688 l 860 l
Max. permitted load 215 kg 408 kg 518 kg 860 kg 1075 kg
Performance
Max. rotor speed 1500 rpm 1200 rpm 1200 rpm 950 rpm 950 rpm
Centrifugal acceleration 1258 g 1006 g 1006 g 807 g 807 g
Max. unbalance at rpm 4 kg / 1100 6 kg / 800 6 kg / 800 8 kg / 750 8 kg / 750
Drive power 37 kW 55 kW 55 kW 75 kW 75 kW
External dimensions (HxWxD) 2,0 x 1,8 x 2,4 m 2,3 x 2,2 x 2,9 m 2,3 x 2,2 x 3,4 m 2,9 x 2,8 x 3,7 m 2,9 x 2,8 x 4,3 m
Mass with sep. swing plate 6200 kg 13 000 kg 13 450 kg 23 650 kg 24 650 kg

Efficient processes
The automation of centrifuges assumes a
central role at Ferrum (Automation
Centrifuge Technology: ACT). In this way,
we aim to design solutions which can be
integrated into existing systems, efficiently
perform solid-liquid separations
and therefore also reduce the total cost
of ownership (TCO). This is why Ferrum
offers its customers a wide range of
modern automation instruments. Field
bus technology, control system communication,
cost optimisation with decentralised
I/O systems, stand-alone safetyrelevant
control loops – at Ferrum,
high-quality hardware components are
standard equipment. In addition, we
develop state-of-the-art software
modules, and the systems automated in
this way are controlled via user-friendly
control panels. A classic example of customised
automation is the scraper device
for horizontal and vertical scraper centrifuges.
All of the motional sequences
and forces acting are adjustable by
means of micro-sensors. This results in
precisely controllable, careful and unobstructed
product discharge without equal
among scraper centrifuges. In addition,
precise alignment must be achieved for
the removal of the residual heel. With
Resomat and Blosomat, the residual heel
removal can be purposefully automated
and synchronised – which is how outstanding
results are achieved.
Flexible automation concept
Ferrum’s flexible automation concept
permits the efficient handling of the
diverse spectrum of customer requirements.
To achieve this, standardised
hardware components and software
modules are used as the basis and specifically
complemented by modules for the
automation of particular process steps.
Ferrum has invested many years of development
in this objective, and today
our customers are reaping the benefits.
Automation of centrifuge technology 11
Automation encompasses many
different fields
Standardisation of automation concepts
Calculation of automation concepts
Sales support and consulting
Drafting of electrotechnical documents
Development of user software
Production of control cabinets and
drive cabinets
Commissioning of facilities
Instruction of operating personnel
Project-related qualification
The interplay of mechanical components, pneumatics, electronics
and software is controlled from here.
The graphical user interface makes the entire process scenario in
the system straightforward and transparent to use.

12
Products for scraper centrifuges
CAS-S.2
CAS-S.2 provides straightforward automation
for Ferrum centrifuges for simple
facilities. Such concepts are primarily
developed for centrifuges which are used
as pilot plants. Because of the constantly
changing parameters, no formulas can
be defined.
Control panel: CAS-S.2 model
The panel is installed directly in explosion
hazard environments. The centrifuge
can thus be operated directly onsite
at all times. The basic functions are
manually controlled by means of pushbuttons.
A control panel is built into the
respective drive cabinet. On the basis of
selective information, a fault can be
eliminated by our Customer Support or a
customer-specific technician within the
shortest possible timeframe.
Technical data SPS:
Manufacturer/Model: Siemens S7-300
Processor: CPU 312
Manufacturer/Model: Siemens OP-3
integrated in the non-EX area
CAS-S.3
CAS-S.3 provides proven automation for
Ferrum centrifuges in monoproduct facilities
(generally with monoproduct centrifuges).
Owing to constant product
characteristics, a recipe can be developed
and a fully automatic sequence can be
executed.
Control panel: CAS-S.3 and CAS-S.3.1
models
The terminal is installed directly in explosion
hazard environments. The centrifuge
can thus be operated directly onsite
at all times.
Manufacturer/Model: Siemens S7-300
Processor: CPU 314-DT
Manufacturer/Model: Bartec BAT-300
with VGA TFT colour screen built into a
rustproof housing
Summary of functionality:
Automatic operation: Automatic program
execution according to pre-defined
process parameters. The sequence steps
are constant. It consists of the following
sequences: filling, spinning 1, washing,
spinning 2 and scrapering/residual heel
removal.
Manual operation: All processes can be
driven from the manual controls.
Service operation: All actuators can be
controlled for test purposes while the
centrifuge is out of operation.
Configuration: All process parameters
for a product can be stored.
Fault menu: All faults are processed
and viewed.
Technical data SPS:
Manufacturer/Model: Siemens S7-300
Processor: CPU 314-DP
CAS-S.3.1
This platform is based on the CAS-S.3.
With the integration of the centrifuge in
an overall system, the peripheral
equipment of the customer is integrated
into the Ferrum system. The result of
this is considerable savings in terms of
planning efforts.

CAS-S.4
CAS-S.4 conveniently automates Ferrum
centrifuges in multiproduct facilities
(generally with multiproduct centrifuges).
Due to constant characteristics, multiple
recipes can be defined for individual
products and stored in the control unit.
In this way, during a product change the
process sequences can be switched
over within the shortest period of time
without software modifications.
Application-specific optimisation experiments can be performed in
the laboratory or on-site.
Control console: CAS-S.4 model
The terminal is installed directly in explosion
hazard environments. The centrifuge
can thus be operated directly onsite
at all times.
Manufacturer/Model: Bartec BAT-VGA
pro with VGA TFT colour screen integrated
in a rustproof housing
Summary of functionality:
Automatic mode: Automatic program
execution according to predefined
process parameters. The sequence is
can be varied. It consists of the following
sequences: static filling, dynamically
configurable spinning, dynamically
Products for scraper centrifuges 13
configurable washing, static spinning.
Semiautomatic mode: The automatic
operation can be run manually via
module.
Manual mode: All processes can be
driven from the manual controls.
Service mode: All actuators can be controlled
for test purposes while the centrifuge
is out of operation.
Configuration: All process parameters
can be stored for multiple products.
Fault menu: All faults are processed
and viewed.
We’ll help you make the right choice
Important laboratory tests
In scaling to the production process, we
help with our experience. In the selection
of the appropriate machine model and
its parameters, tests can be performed in
the laboratory or on-site. Our specialists
will be only too pleased to offer their
advice.
Specific characteristics
Ferrum supports its customers in the
selection of the machine model, which
can also be optimally integrated in
existing facilities to enable long-term
use. In this respect, different characteristics
are important.

14
Project-oriented quality assurance
Project-related quality assurance
In addition to the evaluation, implementation
and startup of a centrifuge
system, the qualification can also be defined
as a subject of the contract.
Qualification is an element of the validation
in the form of documented evidence
that the products have been reliably
and reproducibly manufactured in the
desired quality. The inquiry is oriented
towards the principles of good manu -
facturing practices (GMP) and includes
criteria relating to the procedures,
processes, machinery, materials and operating
sequences.
Qualification Master Plan
Customer-oriented quality
assurance
In close collaboration with the customer,
the qualification delivers the systematic
evidence and documentation of the
operability and suitability of the facility
for the planned production goals. The
basis of this is the Qualification Master
Plan (QM-Plan) developed in conjunction
with the customer. In this plan, the goals
are defined and the content, scope, responsibilities
and documentation systems
of the individual qualification steps are
determined (design, installation, operational
and performance qualification).
The qualification activities run through
all project phases from planning to start-
up. The system is thus optimised, and the
comprehensive qualification report is
handed over to the customer. These
materials document the quality of the
system and form an important basis for
later configurations or system expansions.
Qualification steps Content, control Areas and scope Individual documents
and documented evidence of qualification
Design Qualification (DQ) Design, Planning,
Construction plan
Qualification documents
Implementation of critical Stress analysis
Plans
parameters in specifications, Materials in contact with Protocols
systems and plans
processed substances
Reports
Installation Qualification (IQ) design-oriented construction Aeration and deaeration List of SOPs
according to the approved systems
Calibration plan
plans and specifications,
Supply and disposal systems List of faults
completeness of the systems Machines and devices
Summary qualification report
and documentation,
Pipelines and fittings
calibration and test points Measurement, control and
Operational Qualification (OQ) function and suitability tests, adjustment technology
operative ranges for critical Electrical engineering
parameters, safety devices,
alarms, personnel training
Diagnostic systems
Performance Qualification (PQ) performance verification,
process cycle within predefined
parameters, manufacturing
must be reproducible and
compliant with the specifications

V-method for perfect functioning
The Qualification Master Plan (QM Plan)
is the basis for quality assurance. The
standards embodied demand simultaneous
planning and testing activities.
This method of project planning is often
called the V-model of facility planning.
Design qualification and design tests proceed
simultaneously and are jointly
oriented to the delivery and startup of
the facility.
The Y-method of facility planning
Design Qualification (DQ)
Installation Qualification (IQ)
Operational Qualification (OQ)
Performance Qualification (PQ)
Delivery Qualification (DelQ)
Y-method for long-term benefits
Ferrum’s objective is to design systems
to minimise the costs of the entire life
cycle (Total Cost of Ownership: TCO).
Therefore, the use goes beyond the startup
of the centrifuge systems, because
even for long-term use, various measures
aim to reduce the TCO. The spectrum
extends from qualified personnel training,
regular maintenance work and operational
safety checks to later upgrading
to adapt the facility to new requirements.
This is why we speak of facility
planning with this extended commitment
to the Y-model. The number
Project-oriented quality assurance 15
Customer Ferrum
Process Qualification
Acceptance
Preventive Maintenance
Security Level Maintenance
Installation/Process Upgrade
of qualification or test steps required is
generally determined in collaboration
with the customer for the specific application.
Quotation-test/
Acceptance-test
Integration-test
SW-Installation-test
HW-Installation-test
System/Functional-test
Factory Acceptance-test
Site Acceptance-test

16
Service
Broad spectrum of service options
To review the different processes and to continuously adapt
these to requirements, we offer our customers different service
packages and professional consulting.
Model “Gold Service”
Frequency every 6 months
Type preventive maintenance
Response time 24–48 hours
Key components determined by contract
(warehouse or guaranteed procurement
lead time)
Wearing parts are charged
Model “Silver Service”
Frequency every 12 months
Type inspection and safety checks,
maintenance and upkeep on request
Response time 10 working days
Wearing parts are charged
Model “Steel Service”
Frequency every 36 months
Type complete review and safety checks
Response time 10 working days
Wearing parts are charged
Model “UVV Inspection”
Frequency every 3 years
Type inspection and safety checks according to
accident prevention regulations,
maintenance and upkeep on request
Wearing parts are charged
Model “Process analysis for optimisation”
Frequency on request
Type process analysis up to optimisation offering
Response time 10 working days
Service approx. 2 days analysis on-site
Travel costs are charged according to expenditure
Model “Docu Service”
Frequency during upgrade
Type the machine operating manuals are updated
in keeping with the upgrade
Response time 4 weeks
Model “Qualification Service”
Frequency on request
Type the machine qualification is performed
and documented
Response time on request
Travel costs are charged according to expenditure
Fast and proficient on-site support
Proficient services

Several vertical scraper centrifuges form
an optimised system with the control unit.
Central filling plate
Solid discharge cone with discharge
valve
Filling monitoring with refill logic
ACT centrifuge control with connection
to the process control system
From suspension inlet via solid-liquid
separation to the packaging of a system.
Clean-room version, so-called
“through-the-wall” construction
Bin docking station for product
discharge
ACT centrifuge control with formula
management and connection to the
process control system
References 17

18
References
Vertical scraper centrifuge with bottom
discharge in the vertical production flow
from the crystalliser to the centrifuge
and to the filling station on the lower
floor.
Inclined filling disc for optimal
centrifuge filling
Closed production circuit with nitrogen
inertisation
Cover and peeler are driven by pneumatic
spindle motors to prevent
hydraulic oil in the production area

VTC – Vertical centrifuges with top discharge
for pharmaceutical and chemical
applications
VBC – Vertical scraper centrifuges with
bottom discharge for pharmaceutical and
chemical applications
ACT – Automation in centrifuge technology
permits up to 50% performance enhancement
P – Pusher centrifuges for continuous
processes in chemistry, petrochemistry, etc.
HCZ – Horizontal scraper centrifuges for
chemical applications
CSS – Customer Service & Support safeguards
your investment
The Ferrum competence
HSZ – PH – Horizontal scaper centrifuges for
pharmaceutical applications with minimum
space requirements
HPZ – Horizontal scraper centrifuges with
swivel open housing and innovative front
door for easy inspection in pharmaceutical
production
Experience from global applications
Team of specialists in process technology,
machine construction, automation
technology, production technology,
assembly crew, project manager team,
team for global logistics
6000 machines in the markets pharmaceuticals,
chemistry, agrochemistry, fine
chemical industry, raw material processing
industry, mining, petrochemistry,
foodstuffs industry, environmental
technology
19

Ferrum Ltd., CH-5102 Rupperswil
Phone ++41 62 889 14 11, Fax ++41 62 889 15 13
zentrifugen@ferrum.ch, www.ferrum.ch
SCRAPER CENTRIFUGES QUESTIONNAIRE
PROSPECTIVE
CUSTOMER:
Telephone Internal/Direct dial
Fax E-Mail
SEPARATION TASK: The goal of centrifugation is the separation of a mixture into solid and liquid components
The valuable component is the solid the liquid
What type of centrifuge is preferred? horizontal vertical
Top discharge Bottom discharge
The solid discharge should be performed automatically manually
Is the existing facility new
SOLID: Name
FLUID: Name
Chemical formula
Density at °C kg/m 3
Bulk density in the centrifuge kg/m 3
Grain size distribution (please indicate determination methods, such as sifting, laser diffraction, etc.)
-mesh/DIN Weight%
Mean particle size mm
Particle form cube fibres
Spherical
Wafers
Flakes
needles
Composition
Density at °C kg/m 3
Weight%
Weight%
Weight%
Weight%
Weight%
Weight%
Weight%
Weight%
Weight%
Dynamic viscosity °C cP corresp. to 10 -3 Ns/m 2
pH value
Available on the Ferrum web site as an Excel file.
Centrifuge Technology

MIXTURE: Solid content Weight% or g/l
WASHING LIQUID: Name
Temperature °C
Density at °C kg/m 3
Special characteristics: flammable corrosive explosive abrasive
Composition
toxic pathogenic
Density at °C kg/m 3
Dynamic viscosity at °C cP corresp. to 10 -3 Ns/m 2
Temperature °C
OPERATING throughput kg/batch mixture
CONDITIONS: m 3 /batch mixture
Ausstossleistung kg/batch solid damp
kg/h solid damp
Permitted residual moisture in the treated solid Weight %
Permitted solid content in the separated liquid Weight % or ppm
Required purity after washing Weight % or ppm
What is the impurity?
Required washing liquid quantity m3 /h solid dry
Filtrate/washing liquid separation not required required desired
The dosing of the mixture is performed with: valve pump
Electrical current for drive: current type ex protection
Voltage V
Frequency Hz
Rotational speed control No Yes Frequency converter
Centrifuge control electronic pneumatic fully automatic manual control
Suitable construction materials for product-touching parts are:
Working hours/day Working hours/week Working hours/year
EXPERIENCE: Are centrifuges already in use Yes No
If yes: Drum diameter mm Drum volume l
Board ring diameter mm Drum width mm
Cycle times/Rotational speed filling min min -1
Washing min min -1
Spin-drying min min -1
Peeling/Discharging min min -1
Solid quantity/centrifuge batch (damp) kg Residual humidity Mass %
Layer height (approx.) mm
Structural shape vertical horizontal
General observations (e.g. available experience, special versions of the centrifuge, N2 fumigation, etc.)
Model
ANALYTICAL For experiments in our laboratory:
CHEMISTRY: Maximum permitted temperature for drying the solid °C
Method for determining the residual moisture
Method for determining the purity

Centrifuge Technology
Ferrum Ltd.
CH-5102 Rupperswil
Phone ++41 62 889 14 11
Fax ++41 62 889 15 13
zentrifugen@ferrum.ch
www.ferrum.ch
3.08/e
Ferrum Inc.
Houston, TX 77042 USA
Phone 001 713 856 6700
Fax 001 713 856 6739
sales@ferrumus.com
www.ferrumus.com www.strebel-partner.ch
Centrifuge Technology Canning Machinery Foundry Technology Production Washing Systems