The impact of urban groundwater upon surface water - eTheses ...

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Hydraulic conductivity of riverbed sediments calculated from falling head test data (m/d) Cumulative % finer than 25 20 15 10 5 0 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 y Distance Down Stream from Bescot (km) Figure 5.15 Distribution of riverbed conductivity values downstream Sample BC7 Medium Sand- Profile 1 Sample BC17A Gravel-Profile 8 0 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 Particle Size (microns) Figure 5.17 Typical grain size distribution curves for riverbed sediments in the Tame.
5 cm Figure 5.16 (a) Riverbed core BC7 from Profile 1 Down hole Figure 5.16 (b) Riverbed core BC7 from Profile 1 (Close-Up) 1 cm 5 cm Figure 5.16 (c) Riverbed core BC17 from Profile 8
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THE IMPACT OF URBAN GROUNDWATER UPO
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ABSTRACT A field-based research stu
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to th
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3.4.1 Solid Geology ...............
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5.5.2 Riverbed Sediment Core Data a
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6.10 Investigation of groundwater-s
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LIST OF FIGURES 2.1 Conceptual mode
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6.1 Schematic diagram for the analy
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LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Descriptio
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APPENDICES Appendices 1, 11, 19, 20
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1.1 Project outline CHAPTER 1. INTR
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4) to develop suitable monitoring m
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INTRODUCTION European Commission Wa
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REVIEW 2.1) and surface water may o
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REVIEW features of groundwater/surf
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REVIEW provide refuge to benthic in
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Abstraction For drinking water supp
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REVIEW occur such as biodegradation
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2.2.1 Water quality studies REVIEW
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REVIEW investigated groundwater/sur
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REVIEW owing to their widespread de
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REVIEW have been used to determine
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REVIEW and under conditions of non-
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(b) (a) River Tame 10 m topographic
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STUDY SETTING But under the General
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(a) Land Use In The River Tame Corr
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(a) (b) Figure 3.3 (a) Photograph o
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Figure 3.4 Schematic geology of the
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Table 3.1 Description of geological
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Wildmoor Sandstone Formation (middl
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STUDY SETTING Man-made excavations
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STUDY SETTING Tame were effluent to
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(a) (b) (c) Figure 3.9 (a) Postulat
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STUDY SETTING this restricts the le
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Figure 3.10 Schematic cross section
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STUDY SETTING water quality through
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STUDY SETTING (Ford, 1990) from nin
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STUDY SETTING dry cleaning industry
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MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS CHA
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2 9 4 0 0 0 2 8 8 0 0 0 4020000 410
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MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS The
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Water quality data were collected i
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MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS pie
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MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS pre
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MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS the
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MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS (Ga
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MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS Acc
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Page 101 and 102: MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS tha
Page 103 and 104: MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS des
Page 105 and 106: 4.7.3 Grain size analyses by the Ha
Page 107 and 108: K = hydraulic conductivity (feet da
Page 109 and 110: MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS A s
Page 111 and 112: MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS The
Page 113 and 114: MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS Run
Page 115 and 116: MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS nex
Page 117 and 118: MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS The
Page 119 and 120: MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS Dif
Page 121 and 122: 4.9.3 Radial Flow Analytical Soluti
Page 123 and 124: q = - k dh dx River Riverbed q = th
Page 125 and 126: Determinands Method of analyses Ana
Page 127 and 128: MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS dif
Page 129 and 130: 5.2 Groundwater in the Tame Valley
Page 131 and 132: Total Monthly Volume Abstracted (m
Page 133 and 134: 4020000 4100000 Bescot GS 91, 182 1
Page 135 and 136: 5.3.2 Baseflow Analyses GROUNDWATER
Page 137 and 138: GROUNDWATER FLOW TO THE RIVER TAME
Page 147 and 148: Temperature C o 20 19.5 19 18.5 18
Page 149: GROUNDWATER FLOW TO THE RIVER TAME
Page 153 and 154: Frequency 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 10 20
Page 155 and 156: Summary of Darcy Specific Discharge
Page 159 and 160: Location Specific Discharge (md -1
Page 163 and 164: 5.8 The Hydrogeological Setting of
Page 165 and 166: Level ( m.a.o.d ) Level ( m.a.o.d )
Page 167 and 168: 5.9 Concluding Discussion GROUNDWAT
Page 171 and 172: CHAPTER 6. THE MODELLING OF GROUNDW
Page 173 and 174: 6.2.1 Analytical Model, Steady Stat
Page 175 and 176: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING The rive
Page 177 and 178: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING 6.3.1 Re
Page 179 and 180: 39 57 Figure 6.2 Regional Setting f
Page 181 and 182: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING increase
Page 183 and 184: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING general,
Page 185 and 186: Groundwater head contours (1m) 93.0
Page 187 and 188: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING 6.4.3 Gr
Page 189 and 190: 11 12 13 # # # # # # 96 97 98 Colum
Page 191 and 192: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING unsatura
Page 193 and 194: River level data GROUNDWATER FLOW M
Page 195 and 196: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING of geolo
Page 197 and 198: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING The FAT3
Page 199 and 200: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING and grav
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Elevation of cell centre (m.a.o.d)
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING transmis
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING on each
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING The FAT3
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING of 0.5md
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Analytical solution for the saturat
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING presence
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING in secti
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING The FAT3
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING The aver
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING would re
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING the aqui
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95 95 95 95 39 MODFLOW Particle Tra
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING Historic
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Discharge to the river m 3 d -1 % v
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING 6.10.2 A
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING investig
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING across t
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING by the F
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Specific discharge to the river fro
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING in time
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING unsatura
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING amplitud
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Depth (cm) -80 -100 -120 -140 -160
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Depth (cm) -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 -1
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING cycles o
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6.12 Conclusions GROUNDWATER FLOW M
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GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING consider
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS CHAPTER
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Water Quality Data From Sutton Park
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS 7.1 Indi
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS (the fur
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS Underlyi
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS Oxygen l
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(a) (b) Eh (mv) DO (mgl -1 ) 600 50
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS riverbed
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS samples
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS errors i
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS industri
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(a) (b) (c) Depth below river bed (
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS within 5
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS The grea
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Cation Content (mgl -1 ) 300 250 20
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(a) (b) (c) Calcium Concentration m
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS in the u
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7.5 Toxic Metals WATER QUALITY INTE
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS parkland
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95 94 93 92 OD (meters) 91 90 89 88
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(a) (b) (c) Chloride (meql -1 ) Nit
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(a) (b) Depth below river bed (cm)
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(a) (c) (e) Depth below river bed (
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS depth. T
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS extent.
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Number of samples greater than dete
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS The only
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS source f
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS The surf
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS The Envi
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS the bias
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS The grou
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS value of
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Depth below river bed (cm) 0 20 40
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS There is
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS Standard
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS general
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS attenuat
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WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS these fa
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GROUNDWATER FLUX CHAPTER 8. ESTIMAT
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GROUNDWATER FLUX solution then the
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GROUNDWATER FLUX the riverbed piezo
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HCO3 - Determinant Mean Groundwater
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Residential roof run-off *1 General
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GROUNDWATER FLUX availability of sa
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Discharge MLd -1 350 330 310 290 27
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(a) Dissolved Mass gs -1 Dissolved
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GROUNDWATER FLUX exception of Si, C
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Location Distance from Bescot GS (k
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GROUNDWATER FLUX groundwater is a s
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Maximum concentration in the plume
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GROUNDWATER FLUX 150 m was used, to
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Estimate of mass flux from the plum
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GROUNDWATER FLUX an urban setting.
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GROUNDWATER FLUX improvement of sur
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CONCLUSIONS CHAPTER 9. CONCLUSIONS
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CONCLUSIONS surface-water quality b
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CONCLUSIONS 1945) which caused sign
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CONCLUSIONS Objective 4. To develop
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CONCLUSIONS On a catchment scale, g
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CONCLUSIONS other compounds of inte
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CONCLUSIONS groundwater and surface
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REFERENCES REFERENCES Allen, D.J.,
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REFERENCES Bredehoeft, J.D., & Papa
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REFERENCES De Marsily, G., 1986. Qu
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REFERENCES Ford, M., Tellam, J.H.,
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REFERENCES Hooda, P.S., Moynagh, M.
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REFERENCES Kuwabara, J., Berelson,
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REFERENCES Modica, E., 1993. Hydrau
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REFERENCES Rivett, M.O., Feenstra,
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REFERENCES Stagg, K.A., 2000. An in
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REFERENCES Younger, P.L., 1989. Str
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