TWO LETTERS FROM THE MAHARAJA TO THE KHALIFAH

140 S. Q. FATIMI
(ed. U. M. Deudpota Delhi. 1939). which the present writer would prefer to
read Jay Siaha *. because on p. 234 of the book there is a story how the
king was named after the lion, in Sanskrit 'sinha', which was
bmvcly killed by his father. D~hir.
26. Al-Balu&uri. op. cit.. 441.
27. Ibn al-A&ir. op. tit.. V : 32.
28. Ibn Ta&ri-Berdi, op. cit.. 1 : 243.
29. Al-Bal@uri. op. cit.. 422 : Ibn a1 A&ir, op. cit.. V : 54.
30. The question has been further discussed by the present writer in his book.
Coming of Islam to Malaysia: A Historical Perspective (in Press). Some aspects
of the problem have been discussed in his paper on China's Role in the Spread
of Islam in Southeast Asia, read at the First International Conference of
Southeast Asian Historians. Singapore. January. 1961.
31. Marsden. W., The History of Sumatra. 338. (London, 1811).
32. Ibn Rustah, op. cit.. 137-8. For Ligor Inscription : Coedes, G.. 'Le royaume &
Crivijaya'. B.E.F.E.O.. Vol. XVIII, No. 6. 1918, pp. 29-32. For more
references on the Arab Mamlakat aLMahriij see Ferrand, op. cit.. Index.
33. Schnitger. F.M.. The Archaeology of Hindw Sumatra. 12. (Leyden. 1937).
34. For a detailed bibliography on the subject: Majumdar. R.C., Ancient Indian
Colonies in the Far East. Vol. 11. Suvarnadvipa. Calcutta. 1937.
35. Abti Zayd al-Sirafi. Silsilah al-Tawiiri&. Relations des voyage9 faits par les
arabes et les persans dans Plnde et a la Chine, ed. & trads. J. T. Reinaud. 11: 91,
(Paris, 1845) : al-Mas'Edi, op. cit. I. 175-77. It is interesting to note that
Abii Zayd uses the word s" (taDj) for 'pond', which is the Malay telaga,
B
from the Sanskrit, tatiika.
36. For Jabah and Siribizah: Ferrand, op. cit.. Index.
37. For the history of Sri Vijaya: Nilakanta Sastri, K.A., A History of Sri Vijaya,
Madras. 1949 : Majumdar. R.C.. Suvarnadvipa. op. cit . Coedes. G.. Les dtats
hindouisds d'lndochine et d'lndonesia. Paris. 1948; Schnitger. F. M.. Forgotten
Kingdoms of Sumatra. Leyden, 1939.
38. I-Ching (I-Tsing). A Record of the Buddhist Religion as Practised in lndia and
the Malay Archipelago (A .D. 671-695). trans. J. Takakusu. xxxiv. (Oxford.
1896): Ibid.. Mdmoire composd ci l'dpogue' de grande dynastie T'ang sur les
religieux eminents gui allirent chercher la loi dans les pays d'omident, trads. E.
Chavannes, 60.63. 159.182 and 187. (Paris. 1894).
39. For Gunavarman story: Pelliot, op. n't.. 274-75: For I-Ching: see the preceding
note. For Vajrabodhi: Pelliot, op. tit ,336. and Sylvain Levi. 'Les missions
de Wang Hiuen-ts'e dans I'Inde'. Journal Asiatigue. Series IX. Vol. XV.
1900, p. 421. For a general discussion and bibliography: Majumdar, op. dt..
138-44.
40. Pelliot. op.. cit. 334-35.
41. Ibid.
42. Al-Bal~_dri. op. cit.. 235-36 : al-Tabari, Ta'ria al-Umam wa'l-Muliik. V :
68-70, (Cairo, firat edition, n.d.); Ibn al-Aeir, op. cit., 111: 48-49.