Hinduism: What Really Happenned in India (PDF) - Oration

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Hinduism: What Really Happened in India – M. M. Ninan 215 Eph 1:9 And he made known to us the mystery of his will according to his good pleasure, which he purposed in Christ, 10 to be put into effect when the times will have reached their fulfillment--to bring all things in heaven and on earth together under one head, even Christ.11 In him we were also chosen, having been predestined according to the plan of him who works out everything in conformity with the purpose of his will,12 in order that we, who were the first to hope in Christ, might be for the praise of his glory. Heb. 2: 14 Since the children have flesh and blood, he too shared in their humanity so that by his death he might destroy him who holds the power of death--that is, the devil-- 15 and free those who all their lives were held in slavery by their fear of death. Thus we see that Vishista Advaita teaches exactly what the bible teaches in a very pictorial way. This is exactly the stand of the Eastern Churches III DVAITA VADA - DUALISTIC THEISM Madhva (Ananda Tirtha) 1197-1273 Dvaita the Dualist school. This Kanarese Brahmin philosopher was born near Mangalore, S India. After studying in Trivandrum, Banaras, and elsewhere, he settled in Udipi, and is traditionally held to have vanished in mid-lecture in 1317, retiring to the Himalayas. Taking Ramanuja's side against Sankara, he promoted dvaita or dualistic Vedanta, allowing for the separate existence of the Divine, human souls, and matter. His belief that some souls were eternally damned suggests Christian influence on his thinking. Being a student in Trivandrum his life and teachings were influenced by Indian Christians. Madhva strongly refuted the non-dualist analogy of Sankara — who believed the individual self to be a phenomenon, with the absolute spirit, the Brahman, being the only reality. That’s not all. Madhva also cogently rejected the venerable Hindu theory of maya, or illusion, which infers that only spirituality is eternal, with the material world being only ‘varnished’ and delusive. He departed from orthodox Hinduism in a number of ways. He believed, for instance, unlike a vast
Hinduism: What Really Happened in India – M. M. Ninan 216 majority of Hindu thinkers, in eternal damnation. In so doing, he offered a concept of heaven and hell, with a third alternative: a Hindu purgatory of endless transmigration of souls. Madhwa is the chief proponent of the Dvaita philosophy. Duality Philosophy postulates that there are in fact three irreducible separate entities, 1. Brahman – God 2. The Beings – Living 3. The Material World - Non-living This is the empirical reality. There is no reason to doubt this experience. There is no intellectual and logical reason for unity of Absolute. It is never an apriori axiom, as many would have us think. There is a clear distinction between the Creator and the Created - between Brahman and the Jagat. The twins that are created are the Jiva and the Ajiva - the living and the non-living. We differentiate between Paramatma (The ultimate Soul) and Jeevatma (The living soul). Both the Being and the non-being are real.
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