APPLICATION GUIDE FOR TiO2 GRADES

APPLICATION GUIDE FOR TiO2 GRADES

CONTENTS
Introduction ........................................................................... 3
KEMIRA and UV-TITAN TiO 2 products for coatings,
inks, plastics and paper ........................................................ 4
KEMIRA and UV-TITAN TiO 2 products for food,
drugs and cosmetics ............................................................ 6
FINNTi titanium chemicals ................................................... 6
Application guide for coatings .............................................. 7
Application guide for printing inks ......................................... 9
Application guide for plastics .............................................. 10
Application guide for paper ................................................. 11
Application guide of pigmentary
TiO 2 grades for other uses ................................................. 11
Examples of product characteristics of
KEMIRA and UV-TITAN TiO 2 grades .................................. 12
Health and safety information ............................................. 14
This information herein is offered as a guide and is believed to be accurate and reliable. The values given are not to be considered as a warranty and they are subject to change without prior notice.
For additional information regarding our products or for information concerning current specifications, please contact our Technical Customer Service.

INTRODUCTION
Kemira Pigments is a producer of high quality “KEMIRA” titanium
dioxide pigments, with a plant located in Pori, Finland (a capacity of
120,000 metric tons). Other products are “UV-TITAN” ultrafine transparent
titanium dioxide, “FINNTi” titanium chemicals, and copperas.
With a global sales organization we reach customers in more than 100
countries worldwide. Kemira Pigments has four regional sales offices
and other sales offices in Barcelona, Budapest, Hanau, Milan, Paris, and
Pori. Through our own sales personnel at different Kemira Group
companies and via our extensive network of distributors and agents
Kemira Pigments is a truly global supplier of titanium dioxide pigments
and well represented in almost every country in the world.
The main applications for our range of pigmentary KEMIRA titanium
dioxide pigments are:
◆ Coatings
◆ Printing Inks
◆ Plastics
◆ Paper
Ultrafine, transparent UV-TITAN TiO 2 products are being used in
automotive coatings, wood lacquers, plastics and cosmetics. FINNTi
titanium chemicals are designed for coloured inorganic pigments,
catalysts, ceramics etc.
Environmental protection is considered a strategic success factor
and thus Kemira Pigments is committed to continuously improve its
environmental performance and minimize harmful environmental effects
related to its operations as well as to impose environmental objectives on
its own activities. As an example of this commitment, a solution to water
pollution issues at the Pori plant was achieved by the carrying through of
the long-term environmental investment programme.
Kemira Pigments has implemented the principles of the Responsible
Care programme and the International Chamber of Commerce’s business
charter as a part of its total quality management system, which fulfils the
requirements set by ISO 9001 and ISO 14001
Kemira Pigments is a subsidiary of the Kemira Group with annual net
sales over 200 EUR million.
Europe, Middle East, Africa;
H ELSINKI, FINLAND
Latin America;
S ANTIAGO DE CHILE, C HILE
North America;
K ENNESAW, GA, USA
Asia Pacific; SINGAPORE
3

KEMIRA AND UV-TITAN TiO PRODUCTS FOR
2
COATINGS, INKS, PLASTICS AND PAPER
Hiding TiO 2 DIN 55912/ ASTM D-476 TiO 2 min, Surface Oil
ISO 591 % treatment absorption
COATINGS AND INKS
KEMIRA 660 R2 II, IV 93 Al,Si,org. 21
KEMIRA RDI-S R2 II 94 Al,org. 21
4
KEMIRA RD3 R2 II, IV 93 Al,Zr,org. 22
KEMIRA RDE2 R3 III 88 Al,Si,org. 30
KEMIRA RDDI R3 III 82 Al,Si,org. 45
PLASTICS
KEMIRA 405 R2 II 96 Al,org. 19
PAPER
KEMIRA AN A1 I 98.5 - 19
KEMIRA AFDC A1 I 99 - 19
KEMIRA 920 R1 * I * 99 * - -
Transparent TiO 2 TiO 2 min, Surface Crystal size, Specific surface
% treatment nm area, m 2 /g
COATINGS
UV-TITAN L 530 87 Al,Si,Zr, org. 30 60
UV-TITAN L 531 87 Al,Si,Zr, org. 30 60
UV-TITAN L 230 87 Al,Si,Zr, org. 20 60
UV-TITAN L 830 87 Al,Si,Zr, org. 50 40
UV-TITAN L 181 70 Al,Si,Zr, org. 17 70
PLASTICS
UV-TITAN P 160 70 Al, org. 17 70
UV-TITAN P 170 75 Al, org. 14 70
UV-TITAN P 580 70 Al,Si,Zr, org. 30 60
*TiO 2 pigment in a slurry, solids typically 68%.
Colour Index 77891 CAS no. (TiO 2 ) 13463-67-7
Pigment White 6 EINECS no. (TiO 2 ) 2366755, components listed in TSCA, EINECS

Specific Bulk density, General description
gravity, g/cm 3 kg/m 3
4.0 800 Multipurpose rutile pigment with high exterior durability, high opacity, excellent dispersibility.
4.0 800 Special rutile pigment for high quality printing inks with excellent gloss, optical properties and
dispersibility, low abrasion and good exterior durability.
4.0 800 Multipurpose high gloss rutile pigment with excellent optical properties and dispersibility,
high exterior durability.
3.9 600 Strongly surface treated rutile grade for semigloss and matt applications, good dispersibility and
dry hiding.
3.7 500 Heavily surface treated special grade for matt applications, very good dispersibility in aqueous
media, excellent dry hiding and low abrasion.
4.1 900 Hydrophobic multipurpose rutile pigment with blue undertone, good durability, outstanding
wetting properties.
3.9 600 Uncoated dry-milled anatase pigment with high brightness, disperses easily in water,
low abrasion properties.
3.9 600 Uncoated dry-milled anatase pigment with high purity, high brightness, disperses easily in water,
low abrasion properties.
4.2 * - Aqueous dispersion of rutile titanium dioxide pigment. It is specifically designed for paper applications:
paper and paper board coatings and wet-end additions.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO 2 with excellent transparency, exterior durability and UV-protection for
industrial finishes such as metallic automotive base coats.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO 2 with excellent transparency, exterior durability and UV-protection for
industrial finishes such as metallic automotive base coats.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO 2 with a smaller crystal size than UV-TITAN L 530. It shows excellent transparency,
exterior durability and UV-protection for industrial finishes such as metallic automotive base coats.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO 2 with a bigger crystal size than UV-TITAN L 530. It shows excellent transparency,
exterior durability and UV-protection for industrial finishes such as metallic automotive base coats.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO 2 with excellent transparency, exterior durability and UV-protection for solvent
and water-based wood coatings.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO 2 with excellent transparency and UV-protection for food packing films,
cosmetic packages and other UV sensitive materials.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO 2 with enhanced transparency vs. P 160 and excellent UV-protection for
food packing films,cosmetic packages and other UV sensitive materials.
4.0 150 Ultrafine rutile TiO 2 with excellent transparency, exterior durability and UV-protection for
agricultural and industrial wrapping films.
Regional availability of the products to be confirmed by sales offices. This information herein is offered as a guide
and is believed to be accurate and reliable. The values given are not to be considered a warranty and they are subject
to change without prior notice. For additional information regarding our products or for information concerning
current specifications, please contact our Technical Customer Service.
5

KEMIRA AND UV-TITAN TiO PRODUCTS
2
FOR FOOD, DRUGS AND COSMETICS
Hiding TiO2 Description
KEMIRA AFDC Uncoated opacifying dry-milled anatase with high purity for food, drugs & cosmetics.
Transparent TiO2 UV-TITAN M 160 Hydrophobic grade for high SPF products in suncare and skincare.
UV-TITAN M 170 Hydrophobic grade with extremely high transparency for high SPF products in suncare
and cosmetic formulations.
UV-TITAN M 212 Hydrophilic grade with superior light stability for suncare / skincare and color cosmetics.
UV-TITAN M 262 Hydrophobic grade with superior light stability for suncare / skincare and color cosmetics.
More information of the products is provided in separate data sheets and other technical papers.
FINNTi TITANIUM CHEMICALS
FINNTi Description
grade
Anatase
S 130 Titanium hydrolysates - titanic acids - in powder acidic
More information of the products is provided in separate data sheets and other technical papers.
6
S 140 form for inorganic coloured pigments, catalysts neutralized, low Na
S 150 and ceramics etc. neutralized
Rutile
S 230 Titanium hydrolysate - titanic acid - in powder acidic
form for inorganic coloured pigments, catalysts
and ceramics etc.
S 108 Titanyl sulphate. solution

APPLICATION GUIDE FOR
DECORATIVE COATINGS
Grade KEMIRA UV-TITAN
660 RDI-S RD3 RDDI L 181
Interior, water-based
- gloss
- silk
- PVC (Medium)
- PVC (High)
- primer
Interior, solvent-based
- gloss
- eggshell
- primer
Exterior, water-based
- gloss
- semi-gloss
- matt
Exterior, solvent-based
- gloss
- eggshell
- primer
Wood lacquers
- UV filter
highly recommended recommended
7

APPLICATION GUIDE FOR
INDUSTRIAL COATINGS
Grade KEMIRA UV-TITAN
660 RDI-S RD3 L 530 L 531 L 230 L 830
8
Automotive
- electrodeposition
- primer
- top coat
- refinishing
- metallic paints, flip-flop effect
Powder coating
- interior
- exterior
Coil coating
Can coating
Marine
Aviation
Domestic appliances
Wood coating
Primers
Polyester gel
Radiation curing
High solids
Road markings
highly recommended recommended

APPLICATION GUIDE FOR
PRINTING INKS
Grade KEMIRA
RDI-S RD3 660 RDE2 RDDI
Gravure and flexographic inks
- highest gloss
- high gloss
- medium/semi gloss
- matt
- low abrasion
Lamination inks
Lithography, paper & board
- high gloss
- matt
Screen printing inks
UV cured inks
Metal decorative inks
highly recommended recommended
9

APPLICATION GUIDE FOR
PLASTICS
Grade KEMIRA UV-TITAN
405 660 RDI-S RD3 P 160 P 170 P 580
Polyolefines
- interior
- exterior
PVC
- rigid interior
- rigid exterior
- plastisols & dispersions
Styrenics
Engineering plastics
- polyamide
- polyester
- acrylics
- PPO/PPS
Thermosets
- epoxies
- polyurethanes
- unsaturated polyesters
UV filter
- food packaging films,
cosmetic packages
UV protection
- exterior applications,
e.g. agricultural & industrial
wrapping films, vinyl sidings
10
highly recommended recommended

APPLICATION GUIDE FOR
PAPER
Grade KEMIRA
AN AFDC 920 660
Wet-end TiO 2 loading
- low-medium
- high
- high purity
Paper coating
- low medium
- high
- high purity
Optical brighteners in paper
- yes
- no
highly recommended recommended S suitable
APPLICATION GUIDE OF
PIGMENTARY TIO 2 GRADES FOR
OTHER USES
Grade KEMIRA
660 RDI-S AN
Concrete
Vitreous enamels, ceramics
Adhesives
Leather finishes
Rubber
highly recommended recommended
S
S
S S
11

EXAMPLES OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS
OF KEMIRA AND UV-TITAN TiO GRADES
2
Colouristic properties of KEMIRA TiO 2 grades.
Grade Dry colour Dry colour Tint reducing Undertone, b*
brightness, L* tone, b* power, L*
- pressed - pressed - grey paste - grey paste
briquette briquette
KEMIRA 660 97.9 2.4 64.0 -7.2
KEMIRA RDI-S 97.8 2.5 64.5 -7.7
KEMIRA RD3 97.8 2.5 64.5 -7.6
KEMIRA RDE2 98.1 2.2 63.5 -6.5
KEMIRA RDDI 98.2 2.1 62.7 -6.3
KEMIRA 405 97.6 2.5 63.5 -8.5
KEMIRA AN 98.6 1.2 60.4 -7.5
Gloss of KEMIRA TiO 2 grades
(a) white high gloss emulsion paint (b) nitrocellulose printing ink
20° gloss
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
RDI-S RD3 660 RDE2
Durability of KEMIRA grades.
gloss
20° gloss
60° gloss
RDI-S RD3 660 RDE2 RDDI
(a) Gloss retention of acrylic isocyanate paints vs. outdoor exposure time in Florida.
20° gloss retention
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 2 4
6
EXPOSURE TIME IN FLORIDA, MONTHS
12
8
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10
RD3
RDI-S
660

BOOKFIELD VISCOSITY, mPas
ELONGATION AT BREAK, %
(b) Gloss retention of acrylic isocyanate paints vs. outdoor exposure time in Florida.
60° gloss retention
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 4 8
12 16 20
EXPOSURE TIME IN FLORIDA, MONTHS
Example of dispersant demand curves for KEMIRA grades.
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
ADDITION AMOUNT OF OROTAN SD 731, %/TiO2
Durability of UV-TITAN in plastics.
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0 h
1000 h
2000 h
EXPOSURE TIME IN QUV, HOURS
3000 h
24
1.0
RDDI
RD3
RDI-S
Uncoated rutile
AN
RDI-S
RD3
660
RDE2
RDDI
0.8 % HALS + 0.4 % Benzophenone
0.8 % HALS + 0.2 % P 580
0.6 % HALS + 0.2 % P 580
Brookfield viscosity vs.
dispersant amount of
KEMIRA grades in 70 wt-%
slurries (dispersant as 100 %
active substance)
Elongation at break (%) of LPDE films containing
UV-TITAN P580 vs. exposure time (hours, QUV-B),
film thickness 180 µm
13 13

HEALTH AND SAFETY INFORMATION
KEMIRA and UV-TITAN titanium dioxide products
are stable under normal conditions and inert to most
chemical reagents. Titanium dioxide is not classified as
hazardous to human health or to the environment, or as
hazardous substance for transportation.
EINECS
The KEMIRA and UV-TITAN products are mixtures of
different components. According to EINECS1 regulations,
mixtures cannot be registered individually. But
all the components of the KEMIRA and UV-TITAN
products are listed in EINECS or ELINCS2 , so the regulations
are complied. EINECS number for titanium dioxide
is 2366755. CAS3 registry number for titanium
dioxide is 13463-67-7. Titanium dioxide can also be
identified as C.I. 4 number 77891 and C.I. name Pigment
White 6.
TSCA
TSCA5 regulates the sale of chemical substances in the
USA. The act requires reportable chemical substances
to be on the TSCA Chemical Inventory before being
sold in commerce. All the components of the KEMIRA
and UV-TITAN products are included in the TSCA
Chemical Inventory.
Health hazards in handling
In handling of the KEMIRA and UV-TITAN products,
dusting of the material is possible. Inhalation of dust for
14
a short duration is not likely to cause adverse effects
directly after exposure. A prolonged excessive exposure
of dust may have a harmful effect on the function of
lungs. If this long-term exposure above the particular
occupational exposure limit can not be avoided, suitable
dust respirators should be used. With the skin contact,
the KEMIRA and UV-TITAN products do not irritate,
but they may have a drying effect on skin.
Disposal of the KEMIRA and UV-TITAN TiO 2
products must be done in accordance with applicable
governmental regulations.
Material safety data sheets of our products are available
on request.
Regulations concerning the use
of titanium dioxide pigments
For the use of titanium dioxide pigments for food contact
(including food packaging, printing inks, coatings
etc.) applications, purity requirements given by laws
and regulations must be complied.
The European directive (90/128/EEC with amendments)
relating to plastics materials and articles intended
to come into contact with foodstuffs includes a list
of monomers and starting substances, which may be
used in the manufacture of plastic materials and articles.
Titanium dioxide is mentioned without restrictions in
the additive list.
The resolution AP (89) 1 on the use of colourants in
plastic materials coming into contact with food is given
by the Council of Europe. In this resolution
there is given the exact allowed
content of impurities soluble in 0.1 M
hydrochlorid acid, determined as a
percentage in relation to the colourant.
BgVV6 , formerly known as BGA,
regulates the use of colourants in food
contact applications in Germany. BgVV
requirements are widely used in Europe
as reference.
In the USA regulations concerning
the use of colourants in food contact

applications are enforced by FDA 7 . These regulations
are published in the Code of Federal Regulations
(CFR), title 21. For example, titanium dioxide is mentioned
in Part 178.3297, colorants for polymers.
The European standard EN 71 concerns safety of
toys, and part 3 of the standard gives specification
for migration of certain elements. KEMIRA and
UV-TITAN titanium dioxide products can be used in
toys and toy materials because of their typical low
contents of the heavy metals concerned.
Separate statements for the use of the KEMIRA and
UV-TITAN titanium dioxide products in toys and food
contact and other specific applications are available on
request.
CONEG and European directive on
packaging and packaging waste
In USA, a number of states have
adopted packaging laws patterned after
model law developed by CONEG.
According to the model law, the
combined total of the incidental
amounts of cadmium, hexavalent
chromium, lead, and mercury in
packaging and packaging components
should not exceed 100 mg/kg.
In Europe, the same requirement
is stipulated by the EC Packaging
and Packaging Waste Directive.
KEMIRA and UV-TITAN titanium
dioxide products are in compliance
with the 100 mg/kg requirement.
ABBREVIATIONS
1. EINECS = the European Inventory of Existing
Commercial Chemical Substances
2. ELINCS = the European List of New Chemical
Substances
3. CAS = Chemical Abstract Service
4. C.I. = Colour Index
5. TSCA = the Toxic Substances Control Act
6. BgVV = Bundesinstitut für gesundheitlichen
Verbraucherschutz und veterinärmedizin
7. FDA = the Food and Drug Administration (USA)
8. CONEG= the Coalition of Northeastern
Governors
The information herein is to the best of our knowledge reliable and
accurate but is not to be construed as a warranty. It is subject to change
without notice. For additional information regarding our products or for
information concerning current specifications, please contact our
Technical Customer Service.
15

www.kemira.com/pigments
Head Office
Kemira Pigments Oy
P.O. Box 330
FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland
Tel. +358 10 861 414
Fax +358 10 862 1794
Pori TiO2 plant
Kemira Pigments Oy
FIN-28840 Pori, Finland
Tel. +358 10 861 415
Fax +358 10 863 1096
Regional sales offices
Asia Pacific
Kemira Pigments Asia Pacific Pte. Ltda.
10 Anson Road, International Plaza #33-06A
Singapore 079903
Tel. +65 6227 1757
Fax +65 6227 1613
Latin America
Kemira Pigments Latin America Ltda.
Luis Thayer Ojeda 166 Of. 504
Providencia, Santiago, Chile
Tel. +56 2 234 0977
Fax +56 2 232 8587
North America
Kemira Chemicals Inc.
245 Town Park Drive, Suite 200
Kennesaw, GA, 30144
Tel. 1 770 436 1542
Fax 1 770 436 3432
Europe
Kemira Chimie S.A.
207, rue de Bercy,
F-75012 Paris, France
Tel. +33 1 43 46 22 60
Fax +33 1 43 46 22 79
Kemira Chemie GmbH
Langstrasse 60, D-63450 Hanau
Germany
Tel. +49 6181 924 728
Fax +49 6181 924 730
Kemira Pigments KFT
Bécsi út. 25, H-1023 Budapest
Hungary
Tel. +36 1 346 7070
Fax +36 1 346 7072
Kemira Chimica S.p.A.
Via Rosellini 12, I-20124 Milano
Italy
Tel. +39 02 693 3901
Fax +39 02 6933 9050
Kemira Ibérica SA
Gran Via Corts, Catalanes, 641
E-08010 Barcelona, Spain
Tel. +34 93 412 3050
Fax +34 93 412 0884
Kemira Chemicals (UK) Ltd.
Orm House, 2 Hookstone Park
Harrogate, N Yorkshire HG2 8QT
United Kingdom
Tel. +44 1423 885 005
Fax +44 1423 885 939
5/2002