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Brand challenge<br />

High quality is key to the<br />

success of UK retail chain<br />

Asda’s private labels.<br />

Rematched<br />

<strong>SCA</strong> Tissue takes on the<br />

competition with a new<br />

strategy.<br />

for the<br />

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Camera: Skiing across Greenland <br />

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Camera: Skiing across Greenland


Contents Nº 3 2008<br />

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6


20<br />

22<br />

30<br />

23<br />

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<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Last year saw a new world record in recycling.<br />

Better hand hygiene would improve school attendance.<br />

More short news on the Shape Up pages.<br />

<br />

The Middle East may be the world’s next big<br />

growth market. If these countries play their cards<br />

right, the region has the chance to become a major<br />

player in the global market.<br />

<br />

China is consuming more paper products than ever<br />

before and is gobbling up recovered paper in the<br />

world market. Follow as well the journey of recycled<br />

paper through a recovered paper plant.<br />

<br />

China’s one-child policy has meant there are<br />

too few people to care for the aging population.<br />

Now the government is building nursing homes.<br />

<br />

Jens Nordfält has analyzed the way we like to walk<br />

through stores, and he knows the strategies for how<br />

to sell more.<br />

<br />

With a new sharper strategy <strong>SCA</strong> will be<br />

No. 1 in branded tissue products.<br />

<br />

<strong>SCA</strong>’s Claes-Göran Erson skied 1,500 km across<br />

Greenland’s glaciers to the northernmost point of<br />

mainland in the world.<br />

<br />

The darkening clouds of the financial crisis are<br />

casting a shadow over the global economy.


3,5<br />

3,0<br />

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Nearly 22 million school days<br />

are lost each year to the common<br />

cold alone in the US.<br />

However, students who<br />

frequently wash their hands miss<br />

fewer days than students with<br />

poor hand hygiene.<br />

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Did you know...


Unclean bathrooms scare away<br />

restaurant guests


For decades, the Middle East has often been<br />

associated with conflicts and with poverty in sharp<br />

contrast with a wealthy few. But in the wake of the<br />

latest oil boom, the region has the opportunity of a<br />

lifetime to lift itself up into the elite ranks of the<br />

global economy.<br />

<br />

n the mid-1950s, Qatar was a<br />

tiny, dusty country populated<br />

by nomads and fishermen. The<br />

level of education was low,<br />

even by the extremely low standards<br />

of the time. There were<br />

no navigable roads and not a<br />

single school in the entire country.<br />

Today the Gulf state is the richest<br />

country in the world, knocking Luxembourg<br />

from that position with a per<br />

capita GNP of more than $80,000.<br />

On the outskirts of the capital Doha,<br />

the futuristic buildings of “Education<br />

City” now cover 14 square kilometers.<br />

The complex is a knowledge and education<br />

center that is home to some of the<br />

leading university departments in the<br />

Arab world, including branches of five<br />

top American universities.<br />

Record-high prices for fossil fuels<br />

in recent years have created a regional<br />

boom in oil-rich Gulf states like Qatar,<br />

the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain.<br />

Up to this point, it could have been a<br />

replay of the oil boom of the 1970s and<br />

‘80s. Back then, this newfound wealth<br />

produced as much misery as happiness.<br />

The money was squandered on<br />

private fleets of Rolls-Royces with all<br />

the extras, lost at the gambling tables<br />

of Monte Carlo or parked in Swiss bank<br />

accounts.<br />

The money cemented the power of<br />

authoritarian leaders and their relatives<br />

and made modernization and reforms


less urgent. When oil prices fell in the<br />

1990s, the region was hit by an economic<br />

hangover that created a breeding ground<br />

for discontent and conflicts.<br />

skyrocketing oil prices,<br />

the region now has a second chance.<br />

“We’re standing on the brink of a new<br />

Middle East – young, entrepreneurial<br />

and strong,” says a confident Khaldoon<br />

Al Mubarak, CEO of Mubadala Development<br />

Company in the United Arab<br />

Emirates, in conjunction with a World<br />

Economic Forum on the Middle East<br />

last summer.<br />

Kenneth Pollack of the US-based<br />

Brookings Institution’s Saban Center<br />

for Middle East Policy agrees, up to a<br />

point. “The economic boom is creating<br />

opportunities to address basic political,<br />

economic and social problems that<br />

have given rise to terrorist groups like<br />

al-Qaeda,” Pollack says. “There’s just a<br />

<br />

risk that this wealth will produce more<br />

problems than it solves.”<br />

Economic booms, peak prices for<br />

food and raw materials and a number<br />

of currencies tied to the dollar have accelerated<br />

inflation – a development that<br />

has hit broad groups of low -and middle-income<br />

earners hard. “Nowadays,<br />

we have to choose either to keep warm<br />

or have enough to eat,” Abdul Rahmna,<br />

a clothing salesman in Amman, Jordan,<br />

told the New York Times. “We’re not<br />

middle class anymore. We’re living on<br />

the edge of poverty.”<br />

Despite considerable investment in<br />

education, major resources are needed<br />

to meet the other big challenge in the region:<br />

the enormous share of unemployed<br />

young people in the local population.<br />

According to the McKinsey consulting<br />

firm, the Gulf states must create<br />

280,000 jobs a year to employ all the<br />

young people graduating from schools


and universities over the next few years.<br />

So a number of countries, such as Oman,<br />

are trying to replace the foreign workers<br />

in the region with domestic labor. This<br />

is not easy task, given that most employers<br />

have learned to appreciate foreign<br />

workers, who are cheap, highly motivated<br />

and often well educated.<br />

The easy oil riches in the region and an<br />

emphasis on family connections rather<br />

than qualifications have produced a large<br />

group of young Arabs with a lackadaisical<br />

attitude toward work. Yet despite difficult<br />

challenges and what is still an uneven<br />

income distribution, there are many<br />

positive signs.<br />

Across the entire region, even beyond<br />

the oil states, median incomes have al-<br />

most doubled in recent years. A middle<br />

class with purchasing power is on the<br />

rise. Auto sales in populous Egypt, for<br />

instance, have quadrupled in just a few<br />

years.<br />

of all, many of the<br />

countries seem to be taking steps toward<br />

a future beyond the oil billions that have<br />

been so easy to come by.<br />

In the last few years, millions of visitors<br />

to Dubai have gaped at the architectural<br />

extravagance in this corner of<br />

the United Arab Emirates. In the midst<br />

of desert sands stand the world’s tallest<br />

building, Burj Dubai, three of the tallest<br />

hotels, the world’s only seven-star hotel<br />

and the indoor ski resort Ski Dubai.


The odd thing about these feats is<br />

that only 3 percent of Dubai’s income is<br />

derived from oil and gas, with the bulk<br />

coming instead from trade, transportation,<br />

financial services and tourism.<br />

The economic boom and reforms<br />

have created hope not just among the<br />

Arab world’s own inhabitants but also in<br />

boardrooms far from the desert sands.<br />

During a difficult summer for the<br />

global aviation industry, Dubai’s neighbor,<br />

Abu Dhabi, accounted for one of<br />

the few positive bits of news when its<br />

national airline placed the largest aircraft<br />

order in recent years, totaling $43<br />

billion, with the American company<br />

Boeing and the European consortium<br />

Airbus.<br />

For a financial industry squeezed<br />

hard by the US subprime mortgage crisis,<br />

these homeless oil billions provide<br />

a guarantee of continued liquidity. “At<br />

the same time, the money has found its<br />

way back home and is now being used<br />

for investments in these countries instead<br />

of in the West,” says Marcus Wenestam<br />

at the Swedish Trade Council in<br />

Saudi Arabia.<br />

“The Arab world is developing and<br />

is finally on its way to becoming part of<br />

the globalization,” says Fadi Ghandour,<br />

chairman of the Jordanian transportation<br />

group Aramex International, in<br />

conjunction with the World Economic<br />

Forum.<br />

This comes as a relief not just for the<br />

region’s inhabitants but also for the rest<br />

of the world. A stable, flourishing Middle<br />

East is the best way to overcome<br />

the conditions that have produced<br />

a breeding ground for the terrorism<br />

that has long plagued the region.


Tempo Complete Care<br />

my secret remedy during a cold<br />

NEW – Tempo Complete Care with its unique<br />

combination of breath-free oils and pampering<br />

balm, soothes the nose and lets you breathe freely.


Tempo Complete Care<br />

my secret remedy during a cold<br />

NEW – Tempo Complete Care with its unique<br />

combination of breath-free oils and pampering<br />

balm, soothes the nose and lets you breathe freely.


<strong>SCA</strong> sells sanitary protection in the Middle East,<br />

one of the hottest markets in the world but also<br />

difficult to navigate. For clever and courageous<br />

players, there are enormous opportunities.<br />

<br />

the<br />

Middle East is the most dynamic market<br />

in the world and it’s at the top in growth<br />

in purchasing power, although in many<br />

cases that is still unevenly distributed,”<br />

says Peter Dahlqvist, who is responsible<br />

for <strong>SCA</strong>’s efforts in the region.<br />

Last fall, <strong>SCA</strong> began collaborating<br />

on a joint venture with its local partner<br />

Nuqul in Jordan. The new company<br />

will manufacture and sell sanitary protection<br />

in 18 countries in the region.<br />

“The strict religious traditions in<br />

countries like Saudi Arabia can be a<br />

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challenge, for example, when you want<br />

to market products,” Dahlqvist says.<br />

“The taboos there relating to menstruation<br />

make it extremely important that<br />

women keep it concealed, which means<br />

women consumers choose quality when<br />

they buy sanitary protection.<br />

“There are many reasons for <strong>SCA</strong>’s<br />

investment in the Middle East. In consumer<br />

goods and the retail industry, the<br />

demographics are a strong driving force<br />

in regions that has large families. In<br />

Saudi Arabia, 38 percent of the population<br />

is under 15.


“Even though the country has only<br />

one-third the population of Germany,<br />

there are more children in Saudi Arabia,”<br />

Dahlqvist says. “That creates a<br />

big market for diapers today, and in the<br />

next few years demand for menstruation<br />

protection will increase.” ”In the past,<br />

the wealth from the oil was unevenly distributed,<br />

and the wake of the resulting<br />

discontent has caused instability in the<br />

region. Paradoxically, this is putting pressure<br />

on the oil princes today to spread the<br />

economic well-being, he explains.<br />

“A growing, flourishing middle<br />

class is in fact often the basis for stable<br />

growth,” Dahlqvist says, pointing to<br />

countries such as Tunisia, Jordan and<br />

the United Arab Emirates.<br />

The turbulent political situation has<br />

kept many players out of the region. But<br />

today the trend is starting to turn. For<br />

instance, the French retailer Carrefour<br />

is investing heavily in the region.<br />

“As for <strong>SCA</strong>, it means we can be in<br />

a market that has really strong growth<br />

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potential early on,” Dahlqvist says.<br />

“Procter & Gamble is the only one of<br />

our global competitors to set up operations<br />

here.<br />

“It’s often an advantage in today’s<br />

polarized global politics to be a European<br />

company in the region, although<br />

our Danish neighbors have seen how<br />

quickly things can change.”


Skicka kupongen portofritt i ett kuvert märkt ”FRISVAR”<br />

till: <strong>SCA</strong> Packaging, 0020192361, 331 20 Värnamo.<br />

Märk kuvertet ”Säljklart”. Eller faxa telefon 0370 193 29.<br />

<strong>SCA</strong> PACKAGING SWEDEN AB<br />

www.scapackaging.se<br />

Dina förpackningar kningar<br />

kan bli morgondagens ondagens<br />

säljare<br />

Att exponera är att sälja.<br />

Men exponering kräver tid och personal.<br />

Lösningen ligger i bättre förpackningar<br />

som klarar hela kedjan från producent<br />

till butikshylla. Några enkla handgrepp<br />

och dina varor ligger väl synliga och<br />

lätta att plocka.<br />

Direkt ur en Säljklar förpackning.<br />

Namn<br />

Befattning<br />

Företag<br />

Adress<br />

Postadress<br />

Tel.<br />

Mail<br />

Kontakta mig för en beskrivning av vad ni kan<br />

inom ämnet ”Säljklara förpackningar”.<br />

Jag har ett aktuellt projekt. Ring direkt.<br />

<br />

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<br />


Rising<br />

<br />

stars <br />

Private labels have come a long way from being<br />

just plain-wrapped, low-priced options. Thanks to<br />

product innovation and better-than-the-leadingbrand<br />

quality, they now outsell branded goods in<br />

many categories.<br />

<br />

the world are<br />

investing more and more in their own<br />

brands. The concept of private labels<br />

has changed dramatically over the past<br />

five to 10 years, while sales have shot up.<br />

At Asda, Britain’s second-largest retailer,<br />

private labels now make up a large<br />

percentage of total sales of both edible<br />

and non-edible products.<br />

Len Barker, general manager of nonedible<br />

grocery and baby products at<br />

Asda, confirms that consumer attitudes<br />

toward private labels have changed dramatically.<br />

“Private labels used to be seen as a<br />

cheap and cheerful option, though not as<br />

good as the brand leader,” he says. “Today<br />

people expect a private label to have a<br />

very good quality base and to be as good<br />

as, or better than, the leading brand.”<br />

Private labels started out several decades<br />

ago as anonymous products at the<br />

low end of the price range. But now store<br />

brands form an entire brand architecture<br />

in their own right, often covering at<br />

least three segments of the price range –<br />

cheap, standard and premium. They also<br />

include specialty lines such as organi-<br />

<br />

g <br />

cally produced goods and eco-labeled or<br />

fair-trade-certified products.<br />

Uncertainty about the economy<br />

makes price a greater concern for shoppers,<br />

and private labels in general have<br />

become more aggressive, Barker says.<br />

“We are entering a period of six to 18<br />

very interesting months,” he says. “The<br />

economic climate is getting tougher, and<br />

people still have to eat. If things continue<br />

to get tougher, they might be more and<br />

more inclined to ditch branded products<br />

in some low-involvement categories,<br />

particularly in such a mature market as<br />

the UK.”<br />

problems in selling<br />

branded goods next to private labels, as<br />

its strategy is based entirely on what the<br />

consumer wants.<br />

“It’s all about giving the consumers<br />

the benefit of choice,” Barker says.<br />

“They have to be happy with what<br />

they’re buying from us. By voting with<br />

their feet, they tell us what they want or<br />

don’t want.”<br />

The relationship between branded<br />

products and private labels on Asda<br />

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shelves varies across categories, Barker<br />

says. In some categories, private label<br />

penetration is relatively low.<br />

“Washing powder, for example, is<br />

dominated by a handful of very big<br />

multinational brands, so Asda private<br />

labels have a slightly different role,” he<br />

says. “Because laundry is so heavily advertised<br />

and constantly pushed, many<br />

customers still hold the idea that private<br />

labels are never going to be as good.”<br />

In the tissue category, on the other<br />

hand, private labels play a bigger role at<br />

Asda, whose strategy is to come up with<br />

products that are better than the leading<br />

brand. One highly successful result is Asda<br />

Shades, a private label toilet tissue supplied<br />

by <strong>SCA</strong>.<br />

“We have got a fairly unique proposition<br />

versus most of our competition.<br />

“It is one of our few private labels that<br />

have outsold the biggest brand by a long<br />

way for many years. We refer to Shades<br />

as ‘the crown jewel’ among our private<br />

labels.”<br />

general strategy<br />

behind its own brands is to gener-


ate a “very credible option.” Trying to<br />

push inferior products under a private<br />

label could damage the overall brand,<br />

he warns.<br />

“We have to make sure that we are<br />

not giving anyone any reason to complain<br />

about quality in anything that we<br />

put our name on,” he says. “We have<br />

a reputation to keep, and the entire<br />

Asda brand might suffer from poor<br />

performance from an Asda-labeled<br />

product.”<br />

While Asda has been owned by Wal-<br />

Mart, America’s No. 1 discount retailer,<br />

since 1999, it has a long heritage<br />

as a value retailer in Britain, Barker<br />

says. The idea, he says, is “great-quality<br />

products at great prices, not poorquality<br />

products at cheap prices.”<br />

In the absence of the massive advertising<br />

and promotion employed by<br />

global brands, private labels have to<br />

use packaging as a means of communicating<br />

with the customer, and they<br />

must also show more creativity and<br />

be faster to market with innovations,<br />

Barker says.<br />

that as consumers have<br />

become savvier, less advertising might<br />

even work in favor of customer perception.<br />

“I think people have become more<br />

aware of the fact that a lot of the price<br />

difference between branded goods and<br />

private labels is related to advertising,”<br />

Barker says. “And we try to do things<br />

with our brands that even the leading<br />

brand has not done. Asda Shades being<br />

first to market with sustainability<br />

FSC labeling is one example.”<br />

Barker says what he really wants<br />

from a private label supplier is that it<br />

helps Asda stand out from the crowd<br />

<br />

<br />

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<br />

by offering a unique point of difference<br />

versus the competition.<br />

“We need products that are first to<br />

market, and the supplier must be able<br />

to cover everything, including environmental<br />

benefits,” he says.<br />

In general, Barker finds relationships<br />

with private label suppliers to be<br />

different from relations with branded<br />

product manufacturers.<br />

“They have to be,” he says. “Generally<br />

speaking, there is a difference in<br />

attitude. With a big branded supplier,<br />

their priority is their brand on our<br />

shelves and not our customer.”<br />

The offerings of branded suppliers<br />

might not be ideal for Asda shoppers,<br />

whether in terms of pack size, quality,<br />

flavor or pricing, he says.<br />

What about the future, then – will<br />

private labels take over the shelves<br />

completely?<br />

“If the customer wants it, why not?”<br />

Barker concludes.


Recovered paper is in big demand. China’s growing<br />

economy is short of raw materials including<br />

wood fiber. Demand for recovered paper is expected<br />

to remain high for the foreseeable future, keeping<br />

upward pressure on prices and leading to a<br />

global shortage in the recovered paper market.<br />

<br />

The fiber cycle<br />

growth in recent<br />

years has created enormous demand for<br />

all types of paper products and for raw<br />

material in the form of recovered paper.<br />

“As prosperity rises in China and elsewhere<br />

in Asia, more and more people<br />

are beginning to use tissue products and<br />

read newspapers,” says David Knight,<br />

director of <strong>SCA</strong> Fiber Procurement in<br />

North America. “The increase in consumption<br />

also means that the demand<br />

for cardboard and packaging is growing<br />

considerably.”<br />

Over the next two years, the global<br />

market for recovered paper is expected<br />

to grow by 20 million tons from the 200<br />

million tons of recovered paper converted<br />

globally in 2007. To meet this<br />

increased demand, the industry faces a<br />

number of challenges. “Above all, we<br />

need to recycle more paper,” Knight<br />

says. In Europe, the recycling rate is<br />

about 63-64 percent. The best countries<br />

are Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands,<br />

Austria and Switzerland, which<br />

all have rates over 70 percent. Japan is<br />

<br />

also up there with 65-70 percent. In the<br />

US, however, the recycling rate is only<br />

53 percent.<br />

reached the same recycling<br />

rate as the European average, it would<br />

mean another 10 million tons a year,<br />

which is absolutely necessary to meet<br />

the demand from China,” says Hans<br />

<br />

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<br />

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<br />

<br />

<br />

Wortman, managing director of the<br />

European-based <strong>SCA</strong> Recycling.<br />

The markets for recovered paper in<br />

the US and Europe differ in one important<br />

respect. In Europe, development has<br />

mainly been steered by legislation that<br />

encourages recycling. However, in the<br />

US, where the market is driven by growing<br />

exports, there are no incentives for re-


cycling and sorting garbage. For the average<br />

person, it’s often cheaper to throw<br />

everything unsorted right into the garbage<br />

can. That means it’s difficult to get<br />

people to recycle paper and other materials.<br />

“So a lot of recycling companies<br />

have started collecting unsorted garbage,<br />

which they separate themselves in<br />

their own facilities,” Knight says. “The<br />

downside is that it’s hard to sort out different<br />

kinds of paper, which means the<br />

quality of fiber deteriorates.”<br />

for the<br />

industry is rising oil prices, which encourage<br />

the burning of recovered paper<br />

as an alternative source of energy.<br />

“To avoid a shortage of recovered paper,<br />

it’s really important to recycle fiber<br />

as many times as possible,” Wortman<br />

says. “Only when the fibers are<br />

no longer suitable for paper production<br />

should they be used as a source<br />

of energy.”<br />

Using recovered paper offers several<br />

advantages. Obviously, it’s beneficial<br />

to the environment to recycle the material.<br />

Historically recovered paper is<br />

cheaper, although its prices have been<br />

trending higher in recent years. In addition,<br />

there is a certain amount of<br />

seasonal variation. During the summer,<br />

prices typically rise a bit because<br />

access to recoverable paper falls when<br />

people go on vacation. “Prices usually<br />

rise 10-20 percent in the fall as well<br />

because demand increases when operations<br />

everywhere get going again,”<br />

Knight says.<br />

US exports of recovered paper to<br />

China also tend to rise during the<br />

fall season because of higher US imports<br />

from China, especially ahead of<br />

Christmas. Instead of letting vessels return<br />

to China empty, it is cost-effective<br />

to fill them with recovered paper. “It’s<br />

actually cheaper to send a container of<br />

recovered paper from Chicago to China<br />

than from Chicago to New York,”<br />

Knight says.


process for recycled<br />

fiber paper varies depending on the<br />

end product. Recycled fiber paper comes<br />

in many different types. Some typical<br />

examples are newspaper, container-<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

board, cardboard, toilet paper, paper<br />

towels, napkins and facial tissues. At<br />

<strong>SCA</strong>’s paper mill at Lilla Edet in southwest<br />

Sweden, the production process for<br />

tissue looks like this.


process for recycled<br />

fiber paper varies depending on the<br />

end product. Recycled fiber paper comes<br />

in many different types. Some typical<br />

examples are newspaper, container-<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

board, cardboard, toilet paper, paper<br />

towels, napkins and facial tissues. At<br />

<strong>SCA</strong>’s paper mill at Lilla Edet in southwest<br />

Sweden, the production process for<br />

tissue looks like this.


One-child-policy gives<br />

birth to nursing homes<br />

Because of China’s one-child-policy, fewer young<br />

people are available to support a growing number<br />

of elderly relatives. The Chinese government is<br />

racing to build new nursing homes and encourage<br />

private initiatives.<br />

<br />

of the<br />

one-child policy in China in the late<br />

1970s, the number of children without<br />

siblings has surpassed 100 million.<br />

The intended effect, to curb population<br />

growth, has succeeded, but the<br />

policy has put a heavy burden on the<br />

only children to support their parents<br />

and grandparents.<br />

The long-term logic of the one-child<br />

policy is that China will have too many<br />

old people and not enough young ones.<br />

In other words, fewer workers will have<br />

to support many more elderly relatives.<br />

Over the next few decades, this burden<br />

will grow heavier. China is already<br />

the world’s largest aging community. In<br />

<br />

2030, the country will have 244 million<br />

people over 65 years old – around<br />

18 percent of the total population. By<br />

2040, one out of every four people in<br />

China is expected to be a grandparent.<br />

Unlike other countries with aging<br />

populations, such as Japan, China is at<br />

an early stage of a welfare system for the<br />

elderly and urgently needs reforms.<br />

Currently, China has about 40,000<br />

nursing homes with about 1.5 million<br />

beds. A further 3 million beds will be<br />

completed by 2010, but that is not<br />

enough, so the government has encouraged<br />

private initiatives through<br />

tax incentives.


his motor scooter in front of the<br />

Stockholm School of Economics at the stroke of 10, the time we<br />

agreed to meet. With helmet in hand and a broad smile on his<br />

face, he gives me a warm greeting and we rush across Sveavägen,<br />

the busiest road in Sweden, to the nearest espresso bar.<br />

Nordfält is a man with many irons in the fire, so he has to use<br />

his time efficiently, but he also seems to be one of those people<br />

who have more hours in the day than everybody else.<br />

In his professional life, he’s a researcher at the Stockholm<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

School of Economics, president of the Hakon Swenson Foundation<br />

and vice chancellor of the new Nordic Retail College<br />

Foundation in Norrtälje, Sweden. Along with these responsibilities,<br />

he lectures and teaches in Lund, Umeå and Stockholm.<br />

In addition, he helps his former employer, the food retailer ICA,<br />

with various analyses and research projects.<br />

And now he can call himself an author as well. Last year saw<br />

the publication of his book Marknadsföring i butik (“Marketing<br />

in Stores”), which was named the 2007 Marketing Book of<br />

the Year and was recently translated into English. It has been,<br />

and is, a big chapter in his life.<br />

He doesn’t even take it easy in his private life. He ran his<br />

first marathon, Arosmarken, in his hometown of Västerås<br />

at the age of 12. That same year, he biked to the island of<br />

Öland with his father and later pedaled the entire way to Paris<br />

and Austria. He’s done the Fjällräven Extreme, a race people


his motor scooter in front of the<br />

Stockholm School of Economics at the stroke of 10, the time we<br />

agreed to meet. With helmet in hand and a broad smile on his<br />

face, he gives me a warm greeting and we rush across Sveavägen,<br />

the busiest road in Sweden, to the nearest espresso bar.<br />

Nordfält is a man with many irons in the fire, so he has to use<br />

his time efficiently, but he also seems to be one of those people<br />

who have more hours in the day than everybody else.<br />

In his professional life, he’s a researcher at the Stockholm<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

School of Economics, president of the Hakon Swenson Foundation<br />

and vice chancellor of the new Nordic Retail College<br />

Foundation in Norrtälje, Sweden. Along with these responsibilities,<br />

he lectures and teaches in Lund, Umeå and Stockholm.<br />

In addition, he helps his former employer, the food retailer ICA,<br />

with various analyses and research projects.<br />

And now he can call himself an author as well. Last year saw<br />

the publication of his book Marknadsföring i butik (“Marketing<br />

in Stores”), which was named the 2007 Marketing Book of<br />

the Year and was recently translated into English. It has been,<br />

and is, a big chapter in his life.<br />

He doesn’t even take it easy in his private life. He ran his<br />

first marathon, Arosmarken, in his hometown of Västerås<br />

at the age of 12. That same year, he biked to the island of<br />

Öland with his father and later pedaled the entire way to Paris<br />

and Austria. He’s done the Fjällräven Extreme, a race people


un wearing backpacks. Nordfält also<br />

mentions a ski competition in Greenland<br />

where people carry backpacks and<br />

camp out in tents. “When I work out, I<br />

can clear my brain and my whole body<br />

feels good,” he says.<br />

to take form as early<br />

as 1992, when Nordfält went to work<br />

at ICA as CFO. A few years later he became<br />

interested in marketing but quickly<br />

discovered the lack of literature or<br />

well-developed theories on how things<br />

are really sold in stores. In 1995, when<br />

he started teaching sales to managers at<br />

ICA’s corporate school, he decided to<br />

address this need. “I started studying at<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

SSE and began a PhD in 1998 with the<br />

aim of writing a book,” he recalls.<br />

In the book, Nordfält focuses on how<br />

environment influences our choices.<br />

Both his dissertation and book are psychological<br />

and are relevant to anyone<br />

interested in how marketing works in<br />

practice. “Among other things, I describe<br />

how people follow routines when they<br />

shop,” he says. “The choices we make<br />

are rarely optimal. For most people it’s<br />

enough that the choices are adequate<br />

and easy to access in their memory. The<br />

research showed that we like repetition,<br />

even when we shop. We go to the same<br />

store and follow the same path.”<br />

Nordfält thinks it’s interesting to see<br />

in purely psychological terms how visual<br />

perception works in an environment as<br />

cluttered and crowded as that of a store.<br />

What do people notice? How does the<br />

selection process work, and how can<br />

people influence it? “I and many others<br />

have succeeded in showing, for instance,<br />

that when a product is placed at the end<br />

of an aisle it will be noticed and sales can<br />

increase several hundred percent, maybe<br />

up to 1,000 percent, without changing<br />

the price. If you put it there, the item just<br />

slips into people’s grocery carts.”<br />

Nordfält has also investigated how<br />

displays, music, scents and colors affect<br />

people. People believe they determine<br />

their own choices, he says, but tests show<br />

that if you play German music, 70 percent<br />

of the customers will start buying<br />

German wine. If you switch to French<br />

music, then the choice becomes French<br />

wine. “When you ask the customers<br />

whether they heard the music and why<br />

they chose that particular wine, they<br />

usually say they didn’t hear the music but<br />

‘that was exactly the wine I wanted.’”<br />

Customers can also be made to focus<br />

their attention on something special, but<br />

an important fact when it comes to marketing<br />

in stores, and one that has been<br />

studied fairly closely, is that people can’t<br />

be manipulated into buying something<br />

they don’t want.<br />

help inspire and<br />

encourage customers in various ways,<br />

Nordfält notes. That way, people avoid<br />

coming home and realizing for the umpteenth<br />

time that they forgot to buy light<br />

bulbs.<br />

What it’s like shopping in a non-professional<br />

capacity?<br />

“I don’t actually go around and talk<br />

about what I’ve learned when I’m shopping<br />

with my wife, but she probably<br />

thinks I’m way too rational. I’m always<br />

checking what we’re buying and can say,<br />

‘We bought that last time too and we<br />

haven’t used it.’<br />

“Even the food you make at home is<br />

determined by habits. If you get inspired<br />

to make a fruit salad in the store but don’t<br />

make one normally, it probably means<br />

that in the end you’ll wind up throwing<br />

away overripe fruit.”<br />

The book has opened up many doors<br />

for Nordfält. “Sometimes I think that<br />

everything is part of one big master plan,”<br />

he says. “First came the book, then my<br />

position at the Hakon Swenson Foundation,<br />

where I hand out research funds,<br />

and now I’m vice chancellor at the Nordic<br />

Retail College Foundation in Norrtälje.<br />

I usually think that everything is<br />

connected and that it’s all about realizing<br />

my dream of retailing being an academic<br />

field. And now I’m seeing how it’s being<br />

realized, that it’s a unifying theme.”


Tissue<br />

<br />

No. 2 in consumer tissue brand products,”<br />

says Lesley Cordial, category director for consumer tissue<br />

in Munich. “That’s three percentage points behind No.<br />

1, but I’m counting on passing them.”<br />

The product portfolio for consumer tissue consists of 12<br />

different brands where there are potential synergies in product<br />

quality management and marketing communication.<br />

“The key question was how we were going to make the<br />

<br />

product portfolio less splintered and more relevant to consumers,”<br />

Cordial says.<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

An early step in the strategic work was to shift from one segment<br />

to two, with different approaches to consumers:<br />

Personal hygiene products that are used near the skin,<br />

where consumers want something soft and gentle. These<br />

include facial tissue, toilet tissue and hankies.<br />

Object hygiene products, for example household towels,<br />

used for cleaning purposes. Here consumers want absorption,<br />

durability and functionality.<br />

“Before, we saw everything as tissue products,” Cordial<br />

says. “By creating two separate segments, it’s easier to customize<br />

communication.”<br />

to talk to consumers about the<br />

needs the product can meet. When it comes to toilet paper<br />

or facial tissues, the key words are softness, color and scent<br />

– qualities that aren’t relevant when it comes to cleaning<br />

products.<br />

Today <strong>SCA</strong> is the market leader in retailers’ own brands.<br />

The goal is also to be No. 1 in Europe in brand products.


“We’ll be the company that our consumers and industry<br />

competitors have as a benchmark,” Cordial says.<br />

The aim is to become the indisputable market leader.<br />

That means market share has to grow from today’s 25 percent<br />

to a little over 28 percent, which is No. 1 Kimberly-<br />

Clark’s share today. An important piece of the puzzle in this<br />

effort was the acquisition of Procter & Gamble’s European<br />

tissue operations and the Tempo brand for EUR 512 million<br />

during 2007.<br />

“With the acquisition of Procter & Gamble’s tissue operations,<br />

we went from being No. 3 in Europe to No. 2.”<br />

Every future product launch will follow this new strategy<br />

and the portfolio will be trimmed over the course of<br />

the plan.<br />

products will have a more uniform appearance,<br />

and marketing communication will be coordinated.<br />

“A more harmonised approach to the communication of<br />

our brands will help cut costs in communication produc-<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

WHEN IT COMES<br />

TO TOILET PAPER<br />

OR FACIAL TISSUES,<br />

THE KEY WORDS<br />

ARE SOFTNESS,<br />

COLOR AND SCENT<br />

– QUALITIES THAT<br />

AREN’T RELEVANT<br />

WHEN IT COMES<br />

TO CLEANING<br />

PRODUCTS.<br />

tion,” she says. “When we come out with new products, the<br />

launch can be carried out faster and simultaneously across<br />

Europe.”<br />

The core of the action plan to increase profitability is<br />

concentrating marketing efforts on newly launched products<br />

but also increasing the focus on value added products.<br />

“For instance, the Tempo brand is a product with a strong<br />

position in the German market,” Cordial says. “We can get<br />

a premium price there. So it’s smarter for us to concentrate<br />

on increasing sales of facial tissue rather than toilet paper.<br />

“The goal is to have consumers feel they’re buying a<br />

brand product that really meets their needs and expectations.<br />

It should feel like a premium product, with premium<br />

properties and premium quality. So then we can also charge<br />

a higher price.”<br />

Continuous product development is another important<br />

part of the strategy. “Consumers should feel that we’re listening<br />

to them and doing everything to meet their needs,”<br />

Cordial says.


in Mexico makes<br />

perfect sense for <strong>SCA</strong>. The country’s<br />

market for tissue and personal hygiene<br />

products continues to grow rapidly,<br />

as people are increasingly better off,”<br />

says Thomas Wulkan, head of <strong>SCA</strong><br />

Americas.<br />

The first phase will see the construction<br />

of a tissue machine with a<br />

capacity of 60,000 tons a year. The<br />

project also includes a recovered paper<br />

facility, a converting plant with<br />

three converting lines for bath tissue<br />

and a distribution center.<br />

“It’s an important strategic investment,”<br />

Wulkan says. “It will help<br />

enhance our consumer offerings and<br />

means that we can continue to grow<br />

with our customers.”<br />

Mexico is one of the largest and<br />

most important growth markets in<br />

the world. Under Presidents Vicente<br />

Fox and Felipe Calderón, the country<br />

has implemented a number of<br />

reforms to make the economy more<br />

stable. These changes, combined<br />

with several new free trade agreements,<br />

have on the whole reduced<br />

Mexico’s dependence on the US.<br />

Today the country has a rapidly expanding<br />

middle class, low inflation<br />

and stable growth despite its northern<br />

neighbor’s current recession.<br />

“We see continued growth in all<br />

our product segments,” Wulkan says.<br />

“I estimate a 50 percent increase in<br />

sales over the next five years.”


Search for a chocolate package<br />

<br />

launched a competition to find<br />

a new packaging concept for<br />

selling chocolate in stores.<br />

European students, design<br />

schools and budding packaging<br />

designers are welcome to enter<br />

the competition.<br />

Apart from creating an innovative<br />

package, the competitors<br />

must consider trends and<br />

industrial limitations as well as<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

environmental issues such as<br />

the package’s life cycle and its<br />

impact on the environment.<br />

The competition runs from<br />

September 2008 to March<br />

2009. The winner will receive<br />

EUR 3,000 and an internship<br />

at the Innovation Centre in<br />

Brussels.<br />

Details are available at<br />

www.scapackaging.com<br />

Libero, one of <strong>SCA</strong>’s baby diaper<br />

brands, is publishing a book<br />

titled Everybody is Expecting<br />

a Child. It’s the result of an appeal<br />

on Libero’s website to parents<br />

who are expecting a child,<br />

asking them to write about their<br />

experiences. Of 570 stories submitted,<br />

190 were selected for<br />

the book.<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Sofia Hallberg, communications<br />

manager for the Libero<br />

brand, says all proceeds go to<br />

the Red Cross and the “Save the<br />

Mothers” project. Childbirth<br />

in developing countries is still<br />

associated with major risks, and<br />

the money goes to improving<br />

conditions there. The publisher<br />

is Vulkan Förlag.


Toward<br />

<br />

the no<br />

place in the


thenmost<br />

world


thenmost<br />

world


thenmost<br />

world


A chilling wind in the world<br />

in the<br />

world’s financial markets since the summer<br />

can hardly have escaped anyone’s<br />

attention. With the financial crisis deepening,<br />

the economic outlook has also<br />

become gloomier. However, great uncertainty<br />

remains as to how the turmoil<br />

is affecting the real economy. The diagram<br />

below shows a downward trend<br />

for leading indicators, an index of future<br />

economic activity, in both the US<br />

and Europe since the middle of 2007.<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Even though the US has been the focus<br />

of attention, the diagram indicates a more<br />

negative trend in Europe. Growth fig ures<br />

as measured in GNP also appear to be as<br />

shaky in the EU as in the US, if not shakier.<br />

In the OECD’s most recent forecast<br />

in September, GNP growth in 2008 was<br />

estimated at 1.8 percent in the US and 1.3<br />

percent in the euro zone. However, this<br />

forecast was made prior to the latest dramatic<br />

developments in the financial markets.<br />

The economic downturn in Europe<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

has also created expectations of interest<br />

rate cuts and has helped, at least temporarily,<br />

to break the fall of the dollar that<br />

began in early 2006.<br />

The price of electricity (Nordpool)<br />

has defied the economic slump and<br />

continued to climb to new record levels.<br />

Among the reasons mentioned are<br />

high coal prices, as a result of strong<br />

demand from China, and the fear of<br />

a drier fall than usual in Sweden and<br />

Norway.


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* As ranked by The Independent in conjunction with Ethical Investment Research Services<br />

** As ranked by the Ethisphere Institute<br />

<strong>SCA</strong> Tissue is a leading provider of napkins, towels, tissue, wipers<br />

and dispensing systems for the Away From Home tissue market.


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