K. This is the 1st working draft of vol. VI. It still ... - From Marx to Mao

442 MAO TSE-TUNG
In 1942 the drive for better troops and simpler administration
was carried out. Many official organizations and schools in Yanan
were merged. As a result, self-supporting vegetable production continued
but all grain production was only carried out either at agricultural
stations or in partnerships.
Although partnerships have some of the character of exploitation,
the common folk, in particular the immigrants and refugees,
appreciate it very much since the government supplies seed, plough
oxen and agricultural implements, and the taxes are not high. This
method has a role to play in encouraging immigration and in adjusting
the use of labour power. The Party School provides an example:
The general office of the Party School planted 300 mou in part-
FROM MARX
TO MAO
nership with four immigrants. These four were all very strong. The
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Party School sent one man responsible for leadership and inspection.
The arrangements were for the Party School to supply the agricultural
tools, a hoe, a pick and a sickle per man, to lend two oxen
and to give the seed. They also lent grain at rate of 4 sheng of hauled
grain per 3 mou making 4 tan for 300 mou. It was agreed to repay in
the autumn of the following year. The division of the grain and hay
harvest was laid down as 20 per cent of the spiked millet [gu (zi)]
for the government and 80 per cent for the private individuals, 30
per cent of coarse millet [meiji] for the government and 70 per cent
for the private individuals, NOT and 40 FOR per cent of the miscellaneous
grains for the government and 60 per cent for the private individuals.
All the hay went to the Party School. This year the Party School
received 10,500 COMMERCIAL
jin of hay, 8.37 tan of spiked millet, 10.17 tan of
coarse millet, 6.9 tou of black beans [heidou] 4.2 tou of hemp-seed
[xiao mazi], l tou of sesame [lao mazi] and 2 tou of adzuki beans
[xiaodou], valued at a total of 31,925 yuan in Border Region money.
The four partners DISTRIBUTION
received 33.48 tan of spiked millet, 22.4 tan of
coarse millet, 7.5 tou of black beans, 6.3 tou of hemp-seed, 1.5 tou
of sesame, and 3 tou of adzuki beans, valued at a total of 46,805
yuan. This is a good example of giving consideration to both public
and private interests.
There is also new experience in building up agriculture stations.
Since the personnel selected from the official organizations and
schools are not strong labour powers, have limits on their workingtime
and are not skilled in agricultural techniques, they will waste
their capital if they only concentrate on farming. In 1942 we adopted
the following two methods. One was independent operation which