Goalkeeping-bok

7.4 Coordination skills
Coordination skills are determined, above all, by processes
that control and regulate movement. These skills allow the
sportsperson to control actions in both predictable and
unpredictable situations and to carry these actions out in an
economic manner.
Motor coordination is the capacity to carry out a welldefi
ned, accurate manoeuvre through the combined action
of the central nervous system and the skeletal musculature.
This manoeuvre should be conducted with a maximum of:
• effectiveness: the targeted objective is achieved,
• effi ciency: the result is achieved at a controlled cost,
• reliability: high success rate.
Coordination skills are:
• General; the result of polyvalent motor learning,
• Specifi c; development takes place within the
framework of the individual sports discipline.
Coordination factors:
• Differentiation – this is the capacity to process the
information received from the sensory organs in
different ways. (Carrying out partial manoeuvres of an
overall movement),
• Balance – the capacity to maintain stability during an
action or manoeuvre,
• Orientation – the capacity to locate oneself in space
and time, change the body position according to
perceptions and then reorientate,
• Rhythm – the capacity to construct a movement using
rhythm,
• Reaction – the capacity to react very quickly to signals
in match situations, and then carry out the correct
technical manoeuvre, also very quickly.
Goalkeeping | 7. Physical preparation
Coordination can be developed by repeating motor actions
while also:
• reducing the time of execution of the actions,
• modifying the external constraints on the action.
A distinction can be made between general and specifi c
training in terms of method and content.
There are several learning methods by which coordination
skills can be improved (Weineck, 2005):
• representation of manoeuvres:
– visual information method (for novices),
– verbal information method (specify and describe the
manoeuvre to be conducted),
• variation of exercises
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– varying the initial position (starting by lying on front, on
back, etc.),
– varying the dynamics of the movement (faster or slower
execution),
– varying the spatial structure (reducing the pitch size),
– varying the external conditions (playing in wet or windy
conditions),
– varying the receipt of information (goalkeeper turns
his back on the player passing the ball; he must turn
around and catch the ball upon a shout).
The improvement of physical capacities facilitates better
coordination.
• Endurance: a better success rate for an effective
manoeuvre,
• Strength: intermuscular coordination; agonistantagonist
relationship,
• Speed: increased speed of execution,
• Suppleness: range of joint movement and relaxing
antagonist muscles.