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A. OVERVIEW IV. Repertories of Antiphons, Tropes, Prosulas, and Prosas This study of Pa903 began with a brief review of the manuscript, its historical context, and a survey of its liturgical calendar to describe the usage of St. Yrieix. This Chapter addresses the repertories of antiphons, tropes, prosulas, and prosas in Pa903, which participate in the trend begun in the tenth century to embellish and expand the Mass with new genres of chant. 40 These embellishing chants were not only copied in the Masses of the gradual, but also collected in sections that follow the gradual. They comprise repertories of internationally disseminated chants as well as chants belonging to geographically localized repertories associated with Aquitaine and St. Yrieix. These repertories of regional and local chants have historical interest in themselves. Beyond their musical import, however, these repertories also project the values and stance of St. Yrieix to the people and to the lay and ecclesiastic hierarchy of the regional community. The chants of the gradual, most importantly, supported the authorized tradition of the Romano-Frankish rite that was embraced by European society after the eighth and ninth centuries. The embellishing chants, especially through the local and regional repertories, reinforced the liturgy with a voice attuned to the specific local needs and concerns of the community at the time. For the people of the congregation, these repertories helped to bring the protection and mercy of God to the community 40 Alejandro Planchart, ed., “Introduction,” Embellishing the Liturgy Tropes and Polyphony (Burlington, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company, 2009):.xii. 68
through the intercession of Aredius, Martin, and the clergy of St. Yrieix. For these clergy, in the midst of growth and transition from monastery to a chapter of canons, the chants of the gradual conveyed to themselves and to their community assurance of the continued presence and support of Aredius to the legitimate heirs of the ancient monastery. The first step in the process of identifying these regional repertories in Pa903 was to distinguish the group of internationally distributed chants in each embellishing genre from the Aquitanian regional repertories, using available databases and literature appropriate to each genre. 41 The widely distributed pieces were identified and removed from further analysis in order to concentrate on the regional and local repertories in Pa903. The second step was to compare the remaining repertory of each genre in Pa903 to that found in the other Aquitanian graduals in order to distinguish the regional repertories from the part that appears only in Pa903. Separate lists of chants in each genre were then developed for the regional and local repertories, respectively. The succeeding sections of this chapter survey the antiphons(Section B), the tropes of the Proper and the Ordinary of the Mass (Section C), and the prosas and prosulas of the manuscript (Section D). Section E lists the prominent Masses in the St. Yrieix hierarchy (temporal and sanctoral), based on the inclusion of embellishing chants in the Mass formularies. In the course of these reviews, structural anomalies in Pa903 were found in which tropes, prosulas, and prosas for certain prominent Masses were written for Gregorian Mass chants, rather than the neo-Gregorian chants for these feasts written in the gradual. The implications of these anomalies will be addressed in the 41 For the antiphons, this includes Cantus Planus, Corpus Antiphonalium Officii, and concordances with the AMS sources; for the tropes, references are Corpus Troporum and Beneventanum Troporum Corpus; for the prosulas and prosas the Analecta Hymnica, Repertorium Hymnologicum, and other specialized surveys (see the Bibliography for detailed references). 69
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Copyright by William Manning Sherri
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The Gradual of St. Yrieix in Eleven
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Acknowledgements I express deep gra
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Yrieix favored its senior patron St
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C. Elements of Usage in Pa903 and R
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3. Chants Transmitted only by Pa903
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Table 5-6 Pa903 Neo-Gregorian Conco
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List of Figures Figure 1-1 Map of A
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I. Introduction A. AREDIUS AND THE
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As a further part of the renewal pr
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(particularly from PM13) has also b
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the region. 17 The usage of St. Yri
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dependency of the Collegiate Church
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In contrast to the Aredius hagiogra
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funeral Aredius saved two women suf
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Table 2-1 List of St. Aredius Beque
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Page 37 and 38: Figure 2-2 Summary of Events in the
Page 39 and 40: According to Carolingian law, the l
Page 41 and 42: Seguin as the last abbot of St. Yri
Page 43 and 44: eferences in the diploma to the fai
Page 45 and 46: officially promulgated canonization
Page 47 and 48: (d.) The Later Centuries After the
Page 49 and 50: Figure 2-3 Chapter Church of St. Yr
Page 51 and 52: Figure 2-5 Saint Yrieix Bible, Thir
Page 53 and 54: Table 2-2 St. Aredius and St. Yriei
Page 55 and 56: their reforming initiatives. This i
Page 57 and 58: eflect the growing security and imp
Page 59 and 60: Table 3-1 Contents Pa903 Based on C
Page 61 and 62: Figure 3-1 Example Initials and Cap
Page 63 and 64: The ornamental pen-work in the desi
Page 65 and 66: includes the early eleventh-century
Page 67 and 68: the patron saint and other senior p
Page 69 and 70: patterns of association between 263
Page 71 and 72: Pa903. Finally, there are sixteen A
Page 73 and 74: Table 3-2 Neo-Gregorian Regional an
Page 75 and 76: century Collegiate Church of St. Ma
Page 77 and 78: that is also found in Harley4951, P
Page 79 and 80: Appendix A3-4 compares the sanctora
Page 81 and 82: 5. Summary Liturgical usage as refl
Page 83: were also chosen for St. Yrieix whi
Page 87 and 88: The principal goal of this Section
Page 89 and 90: Table 4-1 Pa903 Regional Antiphons
Page 91 and 92: Contiued Pa903 Antiphon Incipit PM1
Page 93 and 94: Table 4-2a St. Yrieix Antiphon Repe
Page 95 and 96: These eleventh-century antiphons, c
Page 97 and 98: Table 4-3 Troped Masses in Pa903 Ma
Page 99 and 100: Table 4-4 Pa903 Tropes for Chants N
Page 101 and 102: Table 4-6(a) Pa903 Kyrie Tropes Inc
Page 103 and 104: Table 4-7 Pa903 Gloria, Sanctus, Ag
Page 105 and 106: melisma. Appendix A4-3 lists both g
Page 107 and 108: (b.) Alleluia Prosas in Pa903 Pa776
Page 109 and 110: Table 4-9 Offertory Prosulas of Pa9
Page 111 and 112: E. PROMINENT EMBELLISHED MASSES The
Page 113 and 114: sacramentaries that were not includ
Page 115 and 116: A. OVERVIEW V. Neo-Gregorian Chants
Page 117 and 118: and (2) local neo-Gregorian chants
Page 119 and 120: Table 5-2a Temporal and Ritual Mass
Page 121 and 122: The sanctoral clearly contains the
Page 123 and 124: (a.) Chants of the Temporal and Rit
Page 125 and 126: Table 5-5 Pa903 Prominent Neo-Grego
Page 127 and 128: Table 5-6 Pa903 Neo-Gregorian Conco
Page 129 and 130: century missal from Veroli. 19 The
Page 131 and 132: line (the custos, marked 5) indicat
Page 133 and 134: This gradual follows Gregorian conv
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There are two prosas for the Arediu
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Figure 5-2d The Aredius Prosa Allel
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OFFERTORY p.220 Immaculatas hostiar
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(b.) Communion The Communion (Figur
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Figure 5-5 The Aredius Prosa Astra
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Table 5-9 Introit Trope Sets for St
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Table 5-10 Neo-Gregorian Masses for
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week of Lent suggests a new regiona
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2. Mass for the Dead The neo-Gregor
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E. NEO-GREGORIAN MASS CHANTS AND GA
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the Saturninus offertory : …victi
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Table 5-12 Traditional Gallican Cha
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(with the Gregorian chants removed)
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Gregorian feast included in the tra
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expressed visions of the sanctity a
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through the Middle Ages. 1 Historic
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fact by the Bishop and Viscounts of
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the chant texts of the Cassinese ne
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Aquitanian gradual (Pa776), while t
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E. THE AQUITANIAN GRADUALS 1. Simil
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the neo-Gregorian chants for neo-Gr
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to fill in the issues in geographic
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Appendices APPENDIX A3-1 FRONT GUAR
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APPENDIX A3-2 TABLE OF ST. YRIEIX S
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Table Continued Pa903 Item AMS GALL
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APPENDIX A3-3 PA903 AMS GALL TOURS
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APPENDIX A4-1 PA903 ANTIPHONS Compl
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Pa903 Antiphon Incipit PM13p/f AMS
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Pa903 Antiphon Incipit PM13 p./f. A
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Pa903 Antiphon Incipit PM13/f. AMS
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Table A4-1.2 Gregorian Antiphons in
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APPENDIX A4-2 PA903 TROPES Table A4
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Pa903 Tropes Incipit PM13ff. Commen
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Pa903 Tropes Incipit ff. Comment In
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Table A5-1.1 Complete List of Neo-G
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Neo-Greg chants continued Incipit P
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Table A5-1.4 Sanctoral Feasts in Pa
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Table A5-1.5 Neo-Gregorian Chants o
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Chants of the Temporal cont’d Inc
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Table A5-1.7 Neo-Gregorian Chants o
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Neo-Greg in Greg Sanctoral cont’d
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Neo-Greg Chants in Neo-Greg Sanctor
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APPENDIX A5-2 FINDING OF THE CROSS:
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Table A5-2.2b Finding of the Cross
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APPENDIX A5-3 AQUITANIAN NOTATION O
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APPENDIX A5-4 NEO-GREGORIAN MASS CH
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Appendix 5-4, Table A5-4.1 cont‟d
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Table A5-4.1 (Continued) 4/4 235
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Table A5-4.2 Continued Incipit Pa90
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APPENDIX A5-5 TRANSCRIPTIONS OF THE
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GR Beatam Aredii animam ad caelos C
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PM13:220 OF: Immaculatas hostiarum
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PM13:220 Aredius OF Verse 1 O incli
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Figure A5-5.6 Finding of the Cross
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PM13:207 Figure A5-5.8 Pa903 Benedi
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PM13:194 Figure A5-5.10 Barnabas Al
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Bibliography Aigrain, René, “Are
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http://www.uniRegensburg.de/Fakulta
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Gregory of Tours. The History of th
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Justmann, Dean Richard. “Mode-one
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Montalembert, Charles Forbes, comte
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ömische und alt-spanische repertoi
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Vita William M. Sherrill is a nativ
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