Fruits and Vegetables in Vietnam - International Food Policy ...

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This is the final report for the project “Development of Post-harvest Activities and Agroindustry as a Strategy to Improve Rural Livelihoods in Vietnam”, implemented by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in collaboration with Hannover University, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) and other Vietnamese institutions. This report is the product of a collaboration of an unusually large number of institutions and individuals. While it is impossible to fully acknowledge the contributions of everyone involved, we would like to identify some of the people who played a significant role in the various phases of the project and report preparation. To begin with, the project was made possible by funding from the German Bundesministerium für Wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit (BMZ), managed by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ). The International Food Policy Research Institute also provided some co-financing for the project. The project enjoyed close collaboration with and significant support from Dr. Dang Kim Son and his colleagues at the Information Center for Agriculture and Rural Development (ICARD) at MARD. The project also benefited from collaboration on several levels with Dr. Tran Van Lai and Dr. Vu Manh Hai of the Research Institute for Fruits and Vegetables (RIFAV), Dr. Nguyen Minh Chau at the Southern Fruit Research Institute (SOFRI), and Dr. Nguyen Kim Vu of the Post-harvest Technology Institute (PHTI). The project was originally designed and managed by Dr. Francesco Goletti. After resigning from IFPRI in December 2000, Dr. Nicholas Minot of IFPRI assumed responsibility for the project. Dr. Goletti’s new consulting firm, Agrifood Consulting International (ACI), was contracted to implement the trader and processor surveys and to provide preliminary descriptive analysis of the farmer, trader, and processor surveys. ACI consultants Dr. Dominic Smith, Mr. Peter Gruhn, and Dr. Tim Purcell were responsible for much of this work. The chapters in this report describing the results of the IFPRI-MARD surveys are revised and condensed versions of the background reports prepared by ACI. The following people participated in the data collection, data entry, and data cleaning for the IFPRI-MARD Survey of Commercial Fruit and Vegetable Producers: Name Organization Function Do Dinh Ca RIFAV Data collection supervisor in north Chu Van Chuong RIFAV Enumerator Nghiem Hoang Anh RIFAV Enumerator Pham My Linh RIFAV Enumerator Nguyen Van Hung RIFAV Enumerator Nguyen Anh Dung RIFAV Enumerator Nguyen Kim Ha ICARD Enumerator Nguyen Huu Ha ICARD Enumerator Nguyen Thi Man ICARD Enumerator Nguyen Van Dung PHTI Enumerator Pham Thanh Tinh PHTI Enumerator Nguyen Van Duc PHTI Enumerator Trinh Ngoc Duc Food Crop Institute Enumerator
Page 1: Fruits and Vegetables in Vietnam: A
Page 5: Ms. Reno Dewina of IFPRI carried ou
Page 8 and 9: 6 Inputs used in production........
Page 10 and 11: 5 Retail marketing of fruits and ve
Page 12 and 13: Table 3-23: Income and Revenue from
Page 14 and 15: Table 7-4: Per capita consumption b
Page 16 and 17: List of Boxes Box 2-1: Litchi in Lu
Page 18 and 19: created by the food processing sect
Page 20 and 21: Naturally, trade liberalization may
Page 22 and 23: 4 Scope of the study The focus of t
Page 24 and 25: information about agricultural prod
Page 26 and 27: in coffee area, but tea, sugarcane,
Page 28 and 29: production, most of which occurred
Page 30 and 31: Most individual fruit and vegetable
Page 32 and 33: 2.3 Marketed surplus of fruits and
Page 34 and 35: Box 2-3. Diversification into fruit
Page 36 and 37: Figure 2-5. Input use on fruits and
Page 38 and 39: than for rice production. These res
Page 40 and 41: Figure 2-7. Change in percentage of
Page 42 and 43: commercialization is greater in the
Page 44 and 45: Table 2-2: Trends in planted area o
Page 46 and 47: Table 2-4: Trends in planted area o
Page 48 and 49: Table 2-6: Trends in production of
Page 50 and 51: Table 2-8: Trends in the structure
Page 52 and 53:
Table 2-11: Percentage of rural hou
Page 54 and 55:
Table 2-13: Percentage of rural hou
Page 56 and 57:
Table 2-16: Share of fruit and vege
Page 58 and 59:
Table 2-18: Share of fruit and vege
Page 60 and 61:
Table 2-20: Percentage of fruit and
Page 62 and 63:
Table 2-22: Percentage of fruit and
Page 64 and 65:
Table 2-24: Gross and net revenue f
Page 66 and 67:
Table 2-26: Gross and net revenue f
Page 68 and 69:
Table 2-28. Comparison of fruit and
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
highest concentration of female-hea
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2.5 Degree of specialization The re
Page 76 and 77:
Box 3-1. Citrus production in Nghe
Page 78 and 79:
which point the yields are 18 kg/tr
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producers in Phu Tho province indic
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affected in some way, only 1-2 perc
Page 84 and 85:
Figure 3-3. Sources of different pu
Page 86 and 87:
7.3 Grading and quality standards O
Page 88 and 89:
opposed to “Processed” market.
Page 90 and 91:
chain. Pineapple growers in Ninh Bi
Page 92 and 93:
etween individual commodities, ther
Page 94 and 95:
In order to obtain a picture of the
Page 96 and 97:
to them as being “Good”. This c
Page 98 and 99:
from traders, other enterprises and
Page 100 and 101:
percent) and producer cooperatives
Page 102 and 103:
Table 3-4 Wages paid to laborers by
Page 104 and 105:
Table 3-8 Asset ownership and value
Page 106 and 107:
Table 3-11 Area of Land Used and Ow
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Table 3-13 Harvesting Profile for C
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Table 3-15 Current Production Profi
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Table 3-17 Irrigation Methods for F
Page 114 and 115:
` Table 3-20. Distribution of farms
Page 116 and 117:
Table 3-25 Contractual Arrangements
Page 118 and 119:
Table 3-30 Sources of Information f
Page 120 and 121:
Table 3-34 Post Harvest Problems an
Page 122 and 123:
Table 3-38 Quality of Service by Pr
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Map 3-1. Provinces where IFPRI-MARD
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The survey team consisted of a Nort
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Storage capacity for exporters is m
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Startup capital from immediate fami
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7 Technology The main types of equi
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own production. The main reasons ci
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domestic traders or the exporters i
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waste in a local garbage dump. Near
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Box 4-2. Problems with longan marke
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11.5 Information All exporters and
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13 Profitability The average busine
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Table 4-1. Distribution of sample b
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Table 4-5. Sources of startup capit
Page 150 and 151:
Table 4-8. Average current value of
Page 152 and 153:
Table 4-12. Characteristics of post
Page 154 and 155:
Table 4-14. Characteristics of post
Page 156 and 157:
Table 4-17. Main waste disposal met
Page 158 and 159:
Table 4-21. Average total value and
Page 160 and 161:
Table 4-24. Expected usefulness of
Page 163 and 164:
1 Introduction Chapter 5 Characteri
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The majority of the processors in t
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4 Access to land 4.1 Current Land U
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processors interviewed for this sur
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contracting arrangements are a rela
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capacity does not seem to be a prob
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The most common means of waste disp
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export themselves. Small and medium
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from the Agricultural Bank (36 perc
Page 181 and 182:
majority of processors have price i
Page 183 and 184:
The average total annual operating
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either one or two types of processe
Page 187 and 188:
Table 5-1. Location of Processors R
Page 189 and 190:
Table 5-6. Daily labor price (‘00
Page 191 and 192:
Table 5-11. Country of origin of pr
Page 193 and 194:
Table 5-17. Percentage of businesse
Page 195 and 196:
Table 5-24. Take measures to ensure
Page 197 and 198:
Table 5-30. Sources of business loa
Page 199 and 200:
Table 5-35. Main advantages of belo
Page 201 and 202:
Table 5-39. Composition of revenue
Page 203:
Table 5-41. Proportion of processor
Page 206 and 207:
markets. This is important because
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vegetables (Nguyen Tri Khiem et al,
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quarter of export sales (see Figure
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3.3 Japan In the long term, Japan i
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The Vietnam-U.S. Bilateral Trade Ag
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generate US$ 1 billion in export re
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million according to the USDA. New
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Vietnamese imports of fruits and ve
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Table 6-2: Trends in fruit and vege
Page 224 and 225:
Table 6-4. Plan for expanding horti
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Table 6-6. Vegetable tariff reducti
Page 228 and 229:
Table 6-8. Processed fruit and vege
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examine the household factors that
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Figure 7-1. Consumption of fruits a
Page 234 and 235:
Box 7-1. Fruit juice demand The dom
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ananas, and mangoes. This may be a
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seen as part of a transformation fr
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5.2 Processed fruits The main forms
Page 242 and 243:
As incomes rise, the consumption of
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Table 7-2:. Percentage of household
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Table 7-6. Per capita value of cons
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Table 7-10. Determinants of demand
Page 250 and 251:
Table 7-14. Determinants of Demand
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Table 7-18. Determinants of Demand
Page 254 and 255:
Page 257 and 258:
1 Introduction Chapter 8 Role of go
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have been trained under this progra
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3 Seed supply system One of the mai
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This may have been because the pric
Page 265 and 266:
The most obvious cost is that farme
Page 267 and 268:
• Transparency: Countries must pu
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owned entity, started in 1993 and h
Page 271 and 272:
cooperatives, provided inputs and c
Page 273 and 274:
There is still some disagreement wi
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good attributes and should be carri
Page 277 and 278:
1 Conclusions Chapter 9 Conclusions
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1.2 Commercial growers of fruits an
Page 281 and 282:
While 84 percent of producers in th
Page 283 and 284:
undertake such arrangements or that
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The plan to export US$1 billion fru
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increasing share of imported fruit,
Page 289 and 290:
Agricultural research institutes sh
Page 291 and 292:
and creating a stable market for ag
Page 293:
clear how the plan will be implemen
Page 296 and 297:
Tran Cong Thang. 2000. “Overview
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