Round-trip efficiency calculations using Battery HIL - AllCarCentral ...
Round-trip efficiency calculations using Battery HIL - AllCarCentral ...
Round-trip efficiency calculations using Battery HIL - AllCarCentral ...
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<strong>Round</strong>-<strong>trip</strong> <strong>efficiency</strong> <strong>calculations</strong><br />
<strong>using</strong> <strong>Battery</strong> <strong>HIL</strong><br />
Neeraj Shidore, Ted Bohn<br />
nshidore@anl.gov
<strong>Battery</strong> Hardware in the Loop<br />
The JCS VL41M battery is being evaluated in a ( vehicle) systems context <strong>using</strong><br />
battery <strong>HIL</strong><br />
2
<strong>Battery</strong> <strong>HIL</strong> concept<br />
Virtual Vehicle<br />
Real <strong>Battery</strong> – SAFT VL41M<br />
3
<strong>Round</strong> <strong>trip</strong> <strong>efficiency</strong> Calculations<br />
<strong>Battery</strong> SOC, Vehicle Speed<br />
90<br />
80<br />
70<br />
60<br />
50<br />
40<br />
30<br />
4 urban cycles in EV and then<br />
charge sustaining mode<br />
vehicle speed<br />
state of charge<br />
15<br />
minutesOvernight<br />
standbycharging<br />
back to<br />
initial<br />
capacity<br />
20<br />
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000<br />
time in seconds<br />
<strong>Round</strong><strong>trip</strong><br />
battery<br />
<strong>efficiency</strong><br />
=<br />
drivecycle time<br />
∫ Vb<br />
* Ib<br />
dt<br />
0<br />
overnight charge<br />
time<br />
∫ Vb<br />
* Ib<br />
0<br />
dt<br />
Vb,Ib measured at<br />
<strong>Battery</strong> terminals<br />
4
<strong>Battery</strong> charging current profile decided by <strong>Battery</strong><br />
Management controller based on charger DC power<br />
available Communication (CAN)<br />
Current command as<br />
a function of time<br />
Charger<br />
DC power<br />
available<br />
Current<br />
HV DC<br />
5
<strong>Battery</strong> charging on the B<strong>HIL</strong> set-up <strong>using</strong> the ABC-150<br />
SAFT -VL41M<br />
Current command as<br />
a function of time<br />
dSPACE controller<br />
Charger<br />
DC power<br />
available<br />
Current command from BMC<br />
Communication (CAN)<br />
HV DC<br />
Communication – RS 232<br />
Current<br />
ABC-150<br />
6
Vehicle specifications and assumptions on charger DC<br />
power available to the battery<br />
Certain DC power is assumed based on 3 possible AC ratings of the charger<br />
This assumption does not affect battery round <strong>trip</strong> <strong>efficiency</strong> <strong>calculations</strong><br />
Charger AC<br />
power rating<br />
120 V AC, 15<br />
Amp<br />
Assumption on<br />
DC power<br />
available<br />
1.4 kW<br />
120 V AC,20 Amp 2 kW<br />
208/240 V AC, 30<br />
Amp<br />
6 kW<br />
Vehicle<br />
class/configuration<br />
Midsize, pre-<br />
transmission<br />
parallel<br />
Vehicle Mass 1665 kg/3670 lb<br />
Electric machine 75 kW peak power<br />
Plug-in modes EV mode until 30%<br />
SOC, charge<br />
sustaining at 30%<br />
SOC<br />
7
<strong>Battery</strong> round<strong>trip</strong> <strong>efficiency</strong> as a function of charger DC<br />
power<br />
η<br />
=<br />
<strong>Battery</strong> round<strong>trip</strong> <strong>efficiency</strong> (%)<br />
96<br />
95<br />
94<br />
93<br />
92<br />
91<br />
90<br />
89<br />
88<br />
95.5<br />
95.15<br />
5<br />
7<br />
21.5<br />
89.11<br />
0 2 4 6 8<br />
Charger Power (kW)<br />
battery energy discharged over the cycles<br />
battery energy discharged over the cycles<br />
2<br />
+ charging i.e. I R<br />
25<br />
20<br />
15<br />
10<br />
5<br />
0<br />
<strong>Battery</strong> charging current - RMS<br />
(A)<br />
losses<br />
8
<strong>Battery</strong> charging time as a function of charger power<br />
minutes to charge battery by 1 Ah<br />
14<br />
12<br />
10<br />
8<br />
6<br />
4<br />
2<br />
0<br />
11.5<br />
8.6<br />
2.93<br />
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7<br />
Charger DC Power ( kW)<br />
9
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