Evaluating A Selection of Tools for Extraction of Forensic Data: Disk ...

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List of Figures Figure 2.1: DFRWS Investigation Process ....................................................................... 11 Figure 2.2: NIJ Investigation Process ............................................................................... 12 Figure 3.1: Methodology of Disk Imaging Tools Evaluation from NIST ........................ 45 Figure 3.2: Methodology of Disk Imaging Tools Evaluation Byers & Shahmehri .......... 47 Figure 3.3: Forensic Computing Software Evaluation Process Wilsdon & Slay ............. 48 Figure 3.4: Process of OTSO Method............................................................................... 51 Figure 3.5: Process of Evaluation Criteria Definition ...................................................... 52 Figure 3.6: Process of Function Oriented Paradigm Guo & Slay ..................................... 54 Figure 3.7: Research Model .............................................................................................. 56 Figure 3.8: Research Phases ............................................................................................. 58 Figure 3.9: Function Map ................................................................................................. 61 Figure 3.10: Example of Gap Analysis ............................................................................. 64 Figure 3.11: Data Map ...................................................................................................... 68 Figure 4.1: Summary of FTK Imager Evaluation Result .................................................. 92 Figure 4.2: Summary of Helix 3 Pro Evaluation Result ................................................... 93 Figure 4.3: Summary of AIR Evaluation Result ............................................................... 94 Figure 4.4: Summary of Three Evaluated Tools ............................................................... 95 xii
AI Access Interface AM Access Method List of Abbreviations AFF Advanced Forensic Format AFD, AFM Variants of AFF AHP Analytic Hierarchy Process ATA AT Attachment BIOS Basic Input/ Output System BSD Berkeley Software Distribution CART Computer Analysis and Response Team CBIR Content-based Image Recognition CFCE Certified Forensic Computer Examiner CFTT Computer Forensic Tool Testing CIFI Certified Information Forensics Investigator COTS Commercial Off-the-Shelf CVS Concurrent Versioning System DCO Device Configuration Overlay DD Data Destination DELVS Distributed Environment for Large-scale Investigations System DFRWS Digital Forensic Research Workshop DS Digital Source DOJ Department of Justice DOS Disk Operating System EE Execution Environment eSATA External Serial Advanced Technology Attachment FRE Federal Rules of Evidence FLETC Federal Law Enforcement Centre GA Gap Analysis GB GigaByte GPT GUID Partition Table xiii
Page 1 and 2: Evaluating A Selection of Tools for
Page 3 and 4: Acknowledgements This thesis has be
Page 5 and 6: imaging data when building disk ima
Page 7 and 8: 2.3.3.1 dcfldd ....................
Page 9 and 10: 4.3 Research Analysis .............
Page 11: List of Tables Table 2.1: Existing
Page 15 and 16: SWGDE Scientific Working Group on D
Page 17 and 18: NetIntercept Network monitoring and
Page 19 and 20: The aim of this chapter is to provi
Page 21 and 22: producing unreliable results. Extra
Page 23 and 24: 1.4 CONCLUSION Chapter 1 is concern
Page 25 and 26: forensic software EnCase and Sleuth
Page 27 and 28: 2.1.2 Investigative Processes And S
Page 29 and 30: Preparation Collection Examination
Page 31 and 32: 13 Investigative Process Model (Fre
Page 33 and 34: eaders to have better understanding
Page 35 and 36: text or hexadecimal format (Adopted
Page 37 and 38: 3. Duplicability and Modifiability
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Page 41 and 42: Apache web server and Microsoft Int
Page 43 and 44: forensic tools, process or procedur
Page 45 and 46: Guo et al. (2009) have proposed a f
Page 47 and 48: Table 2.4 Mandatory features of Dis
Page 49 and 50: 2.3.3.2 dc3dd Dc3dd is another enha
Page 51 and 52: area to backup their Proprietary so
Page 53 and 54: Also, MBR disks only support four p
Page 55 and 56: Table 2.6 Functionalities of Disk I
Page 57 and 58: for digital investigation to identi
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Page 61 and 62: answered. Details of data collectio
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experts will be used to narrow down
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anomalies are analysed to identify
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esulting acceptance spectrum can be
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Figure 3.5. Process of evaluation c
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Stage 1 Understand the discipline o
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Testing requirements Selected disk
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Phase 1 Select the software disk im
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connected to the computer using a P
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When the acquired images are saved
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3.4.3 Data Analysis Methods GA is a
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There are many other types of hardw
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Main Research Question Sub Question
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4.1 VARIARTIONS IN RESEARCH SPECIFI
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4.2.1 Testing Environment Two execu
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Using program HDAT2, HPA and DCO ar
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4.2.2.3 TC-03: Acquiring A Hard Dri
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Table 4.7 TC-06 Result Summary Test
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FTK Imager successfully verified th
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Assertions AHS01-03 AFR01-03 AFR01-
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Helix 3 pro was unable to recover t
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Helix 3 Pro was not able to read th
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The method of data analysis is desc
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4.4 PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS A summ
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Pass Rates (%) 100.00% 90.00% 80.00
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Pass Rate (%) 100.00% 90.00% 80.00%
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5.0 INTRODUCTION Chapter 5 Discussi
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tools. For instance, the test case
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their latest FTK Imager release not
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information of the total number of
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Helix 3 Pro presented some usabilit
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Software support is minimum and the
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2.2.4, forensic software validation
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elease version mounts file systems
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and TC-18, AIR has outperformed oth
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6.0 INTRODUCTION Chapter 6 Conclusi
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inconsistent with what is stated in
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eginning of and the end of the disk
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6.4 CONCLUSION The main objective o
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Beebe, N. L., & Clark, J. G. (2005)
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Erbacher, R. F. (2010). Validation
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Kunda, D., & Brooks, L. (1999). App
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Payne, C. (2002). On the Security o
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Smith, R. (2009). Make the most of
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Cases Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharma
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Appendix 2 - Testing requirements 1
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06 format should contain same data
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Test Cases Description Assertions f
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Assertions for Fundamental Requirem
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TSP-AIC-10 TSP-AIC-11 image file fo
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4.1 Drive Reset (Common in most Tes
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This procedure outlines the process
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7. Keep setting “noerror, sync”
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Appendix 6 - Gap Analysis Matrix 15
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Image Creation (IC) Function Requir
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Appendix 7 - Disk Imaging Tools Tes
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FTK Imager 2.9.0.1385 (Release Date
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Source Device: Drive Setup: Log hig
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Log highlights: Results by assertio
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1.6 TC-02-FAT16 FTK Imager 2.9.0.13
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Source Device: Drive Setup: Partiti
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1.10 TC-02-HFS+ FTK Imager 2.9.0.13
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1.12 TC-03-DCO FTK Imager 2.9.0.138
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1.13 TC-05-DD FTK Imager 2.9.0.1385
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1.14 TC-05-Smart FTK Imager 2.9.0.1
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Drive Setup: Log highlights: Result
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Results by assertion: FTK Imager 2.
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1.19 TC-10-CorruptImage FTK Imager
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1.21 TC-11-E01_Smart FTK Imager 2.9
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1.25 TC-11-Smart_E01 FTK Imager 2.9
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Results by assertion: verified FTK
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Helix3 Pro R3 (Release Date: 30 th
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Results by assertion: Helix3 Pro R3
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2.3. TC-02-NTFS Helix3 Pro R3 (Rele
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Device: Serial Number: 6PS2CA4Z Sec
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Partition Table: Log highlights: Re
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2.11. TC-03-DCO Helix3 Pro R3 (Rele
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2.12. TC-05-EnCase6 Helix3 Pro R3 (
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2.13. TC-06-UNC Helix3 Pro R3 (Rele
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2.14. TC-07-InsufficientSpace & TC-
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Drive Setup: Partition Table (GPT d
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AIR 2.0.0 (Release Date: 17th, Feb
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3.3. TC-02-NTFS Test Case TC-02-NTF
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3.4. TC-02-Ext2 AIR 2.0.0 (Release
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3.5. TC-02-Ext3 AIR 2.0.0 (Release
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3.6. TC-02-FAT16 Test Case TC-02-FA
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Results by assertion: AIR 2.0.0 (Re
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3.17. TC-13 Overlapping Partitions
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3.21. TC-16-02 Acquire a GPT disk A
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