Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands
Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands
Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands
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<strong>Vines</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Climbing</strong> <strong>Plants</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Puerto</strong> <strong>Rico</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Virgin</strong> Isl<strong>and</strong>s 465<br />
abaxial (abaxial)- in laminar organs such as leaves,<br />
sepals, <strong>and</strong> petals, refers to <strong>the</strong> lower surface<br />
accrescent (acrescente)- having additional growth after<br />
its formation<br />
achene (aquenio)- a one-seeded, dry, indehiscent fruit<br />
with <strong>the</strong> pericarp fused to <strong>the</strong> seed coat<br />
actinomorphic (actinomorfa)- having at least two<br />
planes <strong>of</strong> symmetry<br />
acuminate (acuminado)- terminating in an elongated<br />
point<br />
acute (agudo)- forming an angle less than 90°<br />
adaxial (adaxial)- in laminar organs such as leaves,<br />
sepals, <strong>and</strong> petals, refers to <strong>the</strong> upper surface<br />
adnate (adnato)- refers to <strong>the</strong> fusion (or close<br />
adherence) <strong>of</strong> different stuctures, e.g., a stamen<br />
<strong>and</strong> a petal<br />
adventitious (adventicio)- refers to any organ that<br />
develops from adult tissue<br />
aggregate fruit (fruto agregado)- a fruit that is made<br />
up <strong>of</strong> small fruitlets, <strong>the</strong> products <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> apocarpous<br />
gynoecium <strong>of</strong> a single flower<br />
<strong>and</strong>rogynophore (<strong>and</strong>roginóforo)- a column that bears<br />
<strong>the</strong> stamens <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> gynoecium<br />
anthocarp (antocarpo)- a structure consisting <strong>of</strong> a fruit<br />
toge<strong>the</strong>r with <strong>the</strong> floral envelope or perianth<br />
apocarpous (apocárpico)- having <strong>the</strong> individual<br />
carpels separate<br />
appressed (adpreso)- pressed against something<br />
areole (areola)- a small cavity surrounded by <strong>the</strong><br />
anastamosed (fused) veins<br />
arillode (arilodio)- a fleshy structure that resembles<br />
an aril, but whose origin is undetermined<br />
aristate (aristado)- terminating in a long, slender, rigid<br />
point<br />
articulate (articulado)- presenting a joint or<br />
articulation<br />
attenuate (atenuado)- narrowed<br />
auriculate (auriculado)- ear-shaped<br />
barbate (barbado)- having a beard-like tuft <strong>of</strong> hairs<br />
berry (baya)- a fleshy, indehiscent, simple or<br />
syncarpous fruit<br />
bicarinate (bicarinado)- having two keels or ridges<br />
bifurcate (bifurcado)- divided into two parts <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />
same size<br />
biglobose (bigloboso)- having a structure composed<br />
<strong>of</strong> two united but distinct spheres<br />
bilabiate (bilabiado)- refers to a calyx or corolla that<br />
is divided into two lips<br />
bipinnate (bipinnado)- refers to a twice-pinnate blade<br />
GLOSSARY<br />
biternate (biternado)- refers to a twice-ternate leaf<br />
blade, i.e., a ternate leaf in which each primary<br />
leaflet is divided into three secondary leaflets, for<br />
a total <strong>of</strong> nine secondary leaflets<br />
blade (lámina)- <strong>the</strong> laminar portion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> leaf, joined<br />
to <strong>the</strong> petiole<br />
bract (bráctea)- any foliaceous organ near <strong>the</strong> flowers,<br />
differing from <strong>the</strong> leaves by its size, coloration,<br />
form, or texture<br />
bracteole (bractéola)- diminutive <strong>of</strong> bract, referring<br />
to those bracts that are found on <strong>the</strong> secondary axes<br />
<strong>of</strong> inflorescences<br />
bulbil (bulbillo)- a small bulb borne in leaf axils,<br />
whose function is <strong>the</strong> accumulation <strong>of</strong> food reserves<br />
calyptra (caliptra)- a cap-like structure<br />
calyptrate (caliptrado)- cap-like<br />
cambium (cámbium)- a tissue composed <strong>of</strong><br />
meristematic cells located between <strong>the</strong> wood <strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> liber (phloem)<br />
campanulate (campanulado)- bell-shaped<br />
canescent (canescente)- covered with short, white hairs<br />
capitate (capitado)- in <strong>the</strong> form <strong>of</strong> a head or arranged<br />
in capitula (heads)<br />
capitulum (capítulo)- an inflorescence, usually globose<br />
or convex, composed <strong>of</strong> sessile flowers<br />
caudate (caudado)- terminating in a long, tail-like<br />
point<br />
caudex (caudex)- <strong>the</strong> trunk <strong>of</strong> a palm or tree-fern<br />
chartaceous (cartáceo)- having a papery texture<br />
ciliate (ciliado)- bearing cilia<br />
cilium (cilio)- a fine hair along <strong>the</strong> margin <strong>of</strong> any<br />
laminar organ<br />
cincinnus (cincino)- a scorpioid cyme whose flowers<br />
are arranged in different planes<br />
circumcissile (circuncísil)- having circular dehiscence<br />
claviform (claviforme)- club-shaped, i.e., widening<br />
gradually toward <strong>the</strong> apex<br />
collateral (colateral)- borne on <strong>the</strong> side<br />
concolorous (concoloro)- <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> same color<br />
concrescent (concrescente)- more or less united<br />
connate (connato)- refers to similar organs that are<br />
united, e.g., petals united to form a tubular corolla<br />
connective (conectivo)- <strong>the</strong> sterile portion <strong>of</strong> an an<strong>the</strong>r,<br />
located between <strong>the</strong> two <strong>the</strong>cae (an<strong>the</strong>r sacs)<br />
cordiform (cordiforme)- heart-shaped; in laminar<br />
organs, with <strong>the</strong> base auriculate <strong>and</strong> wider than<br />
<strong>the</strong> rest <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> lamina<br />
coriaceous (coriáceo)- having a lea<strong>the</strong>ry texture<br />
corona (corona)- a group <strong>of</strong> petaloid appendages that<br />
form a whorl within <strong>the</strong> corolla
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