Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

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466 Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands cortical (cortical)- relative to the cortex or bark corymb (corimbo)- an inflorescence whose flowers are borne on different portions of the axis but are at the same height because their pedicels are of different lengths corymbiform (corimbiforme)- in the form of a corymb crateriform (crateriforme)- bowl-shaped crenate (crenado, festoneado)- having short, rounded protruberances along the margin, scalloped crenulate (crenulado)- diminutive of crenate crustaceous (crustáceo)- having a rigid and brittle texture, like an egg-shell culm (culmo)- the stem of the grasses and sedges cuneate, cuneiform (cuneado, cuneiforme)- wedgeshaped cupuliform (cupuliforme)- in the form of a little cup cyme (cima)- an inflorescence whose axis terminates in a flower and bears secondary axes cymose (cimoso)- in the form of a cyme deciduous (caducifolio)- refers to a plant that loses its leaves decumbent (decumbente)- lying or trailing on the ground, but with the tips ascending decurrent (decurrente)- extending below the point of insertion dehiscent (dehiscente)- opening deltoid (deltoide)- triangular dendroid (dendroide)- branching like a small tree dentate (dentado)- with teeth along the margin denticulate (denticulado)- diminutive of dentate, i.e., with small teeth along the margin dichasial (dicasial)- bearing dichasia dichasium (dicasio)- a cymose inflorescence whose axis terminates in a flower that is accompanied by two lateral flowers from the base didynamous (didínamo)- with four stamens, of which two are longer and two are shorter digitiform (digitiforme)- in the form of digits or fingers, i.e., deeply divided into diverging lobes dimorphic (dimorfo)- presenting two forms discoid (discoide)- disc-shaped discolorous (discoloro)- of two or more colors distichous (dístico)- arranged in two rows divaricate (divaricado)- applies to branches or secondary axes that form a very wide angle in relation to the principal axis domatium (domacio)- a small depression, usually in the axils of the secondary veins drupaceous (drupáceo)- referring to or like a drupe drupe (drupa)- a fleshy fruit with a stone, i.e., having a woody endocarp with the seed(s) inside ellipsoid (elipsoide)- in the form of an ellipse, but in three dimensions elliptical (elíptico)- in the form of an ellipse, i.e., widest in the central portion and narrowing toward both rounded ends endemic (endémico)- having a distribution limited to a particular place or region endocarp (endocarpo)- the inner tissue of the fruit wall epiphyte (epífito)- a plant that lives on another plant without parasitizing it exocarp (exocarpo)- the outer tissue of the fruit wall exserted (exserto)- exposed, projecting outward falcate (falcado)- sickle-shaped fascicle (fascículo)- a tight bundle; a tightly contracted cyme ferruginous (ferrugíneo)- rust-colored flabellate (flabelado)- fan-shaped flexuous (flexuoso)- twisted, more or less in the shape of a ‘z’ foveate (foveado)- with the surface bearing small pits frond (fronda)- a fern leaf fusiform (fusiform)- spindle-shaped gamopetalous (gamopétalo)- referring to a corolla composed of fused petals glabrescent (glabrescente)- losing hairs or pubescence at maturity glabrous (glabro)- lacking hairs or pubescence glaucous (glauco)- light green in color with a slightly bluish shade glume (gluma)- in grasses, a sterile bract at the base of the spikelet gynoecium (gineceo)- a collective term for the female parts of a flower gynophore (ginóforo)- a column that bears the gynoecium gynostegium (ginostegio)- a protective organ around the gynoecium that is distinct from the perianth harpidium (harpidio)- a hooked, claw-like tendril hastate (hastado)- referring to a laminar organ, pointed and with divergent lobes haustorium (haustorio)- an organ that functions as a sucker, through which vital juices are obtained hemiepiphyte (hemiepífito)- a plant that begins its life cycle as an epiphyte but later establishes contact with the soil, from which it obtains nutrients like a normal plant heterostylous (heterostilado)- having two or three kinds of individuals whose styles differ in length hilum (hilum)- a scar on the surface of the seed hirsute (hirsuto)- covered with rigid hairs and rough to the touch hispid (híspido)- covered with very rigid hairs and very rough to the touch hispidulous (hispiduloso)- with short, rigid hairs homologous (homólogo)- concordant, referring to organs that have the same origin hyaline (hialino)- transparent hypanthium (hipanto)- the sunken axis of a flower with an inferior ovary hypocrateriform (hipocrateriforme)- trumpet-shaped imbricate (imbricado)- referring to foliaceous organs that are closely spaced and overlap at their margins
Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands 467 incised (inciso)- divided more or less deeply into segments incurved (incurvado)- curved inward, with the concavity on the inner or upper side indehiscent (indehiscente)- not opening indeterminate (indeterminado)- growing indefinitely indusium (indusio)- an organ that covers and protects fern sporangia inflexed (inflexo)- curved inward infundibuliform (infundibuliforme)- funnel-shaped interstaminal (interestaminal)- between or within the stamens involucre (involucro)- a group of bracts that surrounds and more or less encloses the flowers laciniate (laciniado)- divided into deep, narrow, sharppointed segments lanceolate (lanceolado)- lance-shaped, referring to a laminar structure whose widest portion is below the middle, narrowing toward both ends lenticel (lenticelo)- a pore in the bark of a woody stem lenticellate (lenticelado)- having more or less conspicuous lenticels lenticular (lenticular)- lens- or lentil-shaped lepidote (lepidoto)- scaly or with trichomes in the form of scales lignescent (lignescente)- becoming woody at maturity limb (limbo)- in a gamopetalous corolla, the free portion of the corolla that forms a border at the end of the tube megaphyllous (megafilo)- with large leaves membranaceous (membranáceo)- like a membrane mericarp (mericarpo)- each of the units, composed of an entire carpel, into which a schizocarpic fruit separates mesocarp (mesocarpo)- the middle tissue of the fruit wall mogote (mogote) a limestone formation that results from the erosion and dissolution of the rock; in the strict sense, refers to small limestone bluffs surrounded by alluvion washed in from more or less remote areas; in the broad sense, includes other limestone bluff formations without alluvion at the base; in English, mogotes are sometimes called “haystack hills” monadelphous (monadelfo)- referring to stamens whose filaments are all fused monocarp (monocarpo)- a fruit formed from a single carpel monomorphic (monomorfo)- with all individuals presenting a single form mucronate (mucronato)- with an apex that terminates in a short, abrupt point multiseriate (multiseriado)- with several series of whorls oblanceolate (oblanceolado)- inversely lanceolate, with the widest portion above the middle oblong (oblongo)- much longer than wide and with parallel sides obtuse (obtuso)- forming an angle greater than 90° ocrea (ócrea)- a structure composed of a pair of connate stipules that forms a sheath surrounding the stem operculum (opérculo)- the upper portion that separates by circumscissile or transverse dehiscence orbicular (orbicular)- globose ovate (ovado)- egg-shaped, referring to a laminar organ overlapping (solapado)- referring to the characters used to distinguish species, these are tenuous when they overlap and usually show intermediate states, complicating the distinction of the limits between the forms ovoid (ovoide)- egg-shaped, in three dimensions palea (palea)- in grasses, the inner and upper of the two bracts that subtend a flower palmately compound (palmaticompuesto)- referring to a compound leaf whose three or more leaflets arise from the apex of the petiole palmately lobed (palmatilobado)- referring to a leaf whose lobes are palmately arranged panicle (panícula)- a compound inflorescence of indeterminate growth and pyramidal shape paniculiform (paniculiforme)- in the form of a panicle papilla (papila)- a very short trichome or protruberance of the epidermal cell membrane papillose (papiloso)- having papillae pappus (pappus)- in composites, the limb of the calyx transformed into simple or plumose hairs or rigid bristles paraphysis (paráfisis)- a trichome that accompanies the sorus parietal (parietal)- produced from or borne on the wall (of the carpel) patelliform (pateliforme)- shaped like a knee-cap or disc peduncle (pedúnculo)- the axis that subtends a solitary flower or an inflorescence peltate (peltado)- referring to a leaf with the petiole inserted in the center of a rounded blade pendulous (colgante)- hanging down perianth (perianto)- the floral envelope, i.e., sepals, petals, and/or tepals pericarp (pericarpio)- the fruit wall, composed of exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp petaliferous appendage (apéndice petalífero)- a laminar structure adherent to the inner surface of the petal, making it appear double petiolule (peciólulo)- the petiole that subtends a leaflet of a compound leaf phenology (fenología)- the study of flowering and fruiting periods phloem (floema)- the portion of the conductive tissue responsible for food transport, usually found external to the xylem pinna (pinna)- synonym of a leaflet in compound leaves
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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Contributio
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PREFACE To the future generation of
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Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto
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Page 465: Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto
Page 481 and 482: Acelga trepadora ..................
Page 483: Wild cucumber .....................
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Vines and Climbing Plants of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands

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