Em4885 irrigation management practices to protect ground water

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Air relief/inspection port Backflow valve Drain 79 CHAPTER 4 Injection mo interlocked main panel Optional check FIGURE 4-15. Schematic of fertigation system meeting minimum requirements for antipollution devices (taken from PNW360, Chemigation in the Pacific Northwest, by W.L. Trimmer, Tom Ley, G. Clough, and D. Larsen)
4 CHAPTER Other important factors to consider when fertigating include: 1. Distribution uniformity of the irrigation is critical for uniform application of the fertilizer. Refer to Objective 2.00 for Practices that improve irrigation system performance. 2. Surface irrigation systems generally produce surface runoff. Make sure that any surface runoff during fertigation is picked up and reused on the field being treated or a similar field that is also being treated. Consider the amount and distribution of any surface runoff. 3. Fertilizers which are subject to rapid degradation in wet, warm soil conditions have not been generally successful when applied via fertigation. 4. Do not fertigate during windy periods if using a sprinkle irrigation system. This may also be an important factor if using a mini-sprinkler system in orchards with little canopy cover. 5. Make sure the combination of fertilizers and water will not produce clogging if using a micro-irrigation system. 6. Know how much water is needed to refill the root zone during the irrigation and plan the fertilizer application accordingly. Over-irrigation during fertigation not only wastes water but could result in leaching of the fertilizer below the root zone. 7. If applying another chemical with the fertilizer, note that a chemical label will contain a notice such as, “Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system,” if the chemical is not intended for chemigation. 8. The type of injection device is critical depending on the type of irrigation system being used. Some devices will inject at a relatively uniform rate throughout the irrigation, some will not. Be aware of which type is being used and which type is required by the situation. Uniform injection rates are required for furrow/rill, border strip, center pivot, and linear move sprinkle irrigation systems. 9. Fertigation may not be suitable for use on fields that are very susceptible to runoff (steep slopes and/or low infiltration rates). 10. Be aware of the requirements for flushing the irrigation system after fertigation. 11. Irrigation systems should be monitored much more closely during fertigation, continuously if possible. 80
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EM4885 IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT PRACTI
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TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures .
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IP 2.01.08 - Consider changing the
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Section 3- Apply Fertilizer Properl
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Determining reasonable goals . . .
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Figure 5-1a. Water Quality Conserva
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1 CHAPTER Purpose INTRODUCTION This
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1 CHAPTER 4. Objective 4.00 - Manag
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CHAPTER2.
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Water Quality as an Economic Issue
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5 CHAPTER 2 Nonpoint source polluti
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7 CHAPTER 2 Table 2-1. Beneficial u
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Not Assessed 86% Percent of Tota
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Major Causes of Impairment for Estu
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Standards for ground water quality
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15 CHAPTER 2 Blanket statements con
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Included in the general strategy st
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19 CHAPTER 2 It is important to not
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1 CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 3.
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Hereafter, when the term “detachm
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5 CHAPTER 3 The nitrogen cycle, sho
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7 CHAPTER 3 Organic forms of phosph
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3. Soil water conditions - most che
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11 CHAPTER 3 Essentially there is a
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13 CHAPTER 3 Retention of water by
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15 CHAPTER 3 Management allowed dep
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Excessive, or imbalanced, dissolved
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19 CHAPTER 3 TABLE 3-1. Guidelines
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21 CHAPTER 3 Salts leached from the
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4 CHAPTER Purpose OVERALL MANAGEMEN
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4 CHAPTER Implementing the Practice
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4 CHAPTER IP 1.00.01 Install Concre
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4 CHAPTER IP 1.00.03 - Install Flex
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4 CHAPTER OVERALL MANAGEMENT OBJECT
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4 CHAPTER figures depicts the depth
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4 CHAPTER FIGURE 4-3. Depiction of
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4 CHAPTER Efficient, Effective Irri
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4 CHAPTER Possible Effects on Yield
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4 CHAPTER These include: 1. Flumes,
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4 CHAPTER IP 2.01.02 - Monitor Pump
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4 CHAPTER IP 2.01.03 - Evaluate the
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4 CHAPTER ECe LF = ................
Page 87 and 88: 4 CHAPTER Although the previous equ
Page 89 and 90: 4 CHAPTER Figure 4-9 is an example
Page 91 and 92: 4 CHAPTER 2. Determine how much to
Page 93 and 94: 4 CHAPTER Using the previous exampl
Page 95 and 96: 4 CHAPTER Contact the local WSU Coo
Page 97 and 98: 4 CHAPTER Note that the opportunity
Page 99 and 100: 4 CHAPTER Soil variability may be s
Page 101 and 102: 4 CHAPTER IP 2.02.03 - Use Surge-Fl
Page 103 and 104: 4 CHAPTER IP 2.02.05 - Install a Su
Page 105 and 106: 4 CHAPTER IP 2.02.09 - Rip Hardpans
Page 107 and 108: 4 CHAPTER IP 2.02.12 - Reduce Furro
Page 109 and 110: 4 CHAPTER Infiltration rates and ap
Page 111 and 112: 4 CHAPTER Description Sprinkle syst
Page 113 and 114: 4 CHAPTER The actual technique invo
Page 115 and 116: 4 CHAPTER IP 2.03.08 - Minimize Sur
Page 117 and 118: 4 CHAPTER SECTION 4 - PRACTICES FOR
Page 119 and 120: 4 CHAPTER Finally, different emissi
Page 121 and 122: 4 CHAPTER Description One of the gr
Page 123 and 124: 4 CHAPTER Possible Effects on Water
Page 125 and 126: 4 CHAPTER IP 3.01.02 - Consider Con
Page 127 and 128: 4 CHAPTER IP 3.02.02 - Analyze Irri
Page 129 and 130: 4 CHAPTER 4. Toxic materials conten
Page 131 and 132: 4 CHAPTER Table 4-3b. Fertilizer nu
Page 133 and 134: 4 CHAPTER IP 3.02.07 - Develop Real
Page 135 and 136: 4 CHAPTER IP 3.03.05 - Incorporate
Page 137: 4 CHAPTER IP 3.03.10 - Use Fertigat
Page 141 and 142: 4 CHAPTER SECTION 1 - OVERALL GOOD
Page 143 and 144: 4 CHAPTER IP 4.01.03 - Schedule App
Page 145 and 146: 4 CHAPTER IP 4.01.07 - Mix and Load
Page 147 and 148: 4 CHAPTER IP 4.01.11 - Consider Con
Page 149 and 150: 4 CHAPTER IP 4.02.05 - Use Chemigat
Page 151 and 152: 4 CHAPTER 6. Know how much water is
Page 153 and 154: 4 CHAPTER SECTION 1 - REDUCE CONTAM
Page 155 and 156: 4 CHAPTER Description Depending on
Page 157 and 158: 4 CHAPTER SECTION 2 - MANAGE SURFAC
Page 159 and 160: 4 CHAPTER Possible Effects on Water
Page 161 and 162: 4 CHAPTER IP 6.00.04 - Identify and
Page 163 and 164: CHAPTER 5 DEVELOPING AN ON-FARM WAT
Page 165 and 166: CHAPTER 5 Reducing availability The
Page 167 and 168: CHAPTER 5 Example of Planning Check
Page 169 and 170: CHAPTER 5 C.) Cooperator Progress/C
Page 171 and 172: CHAPTER 5 U = USED S = SUGGESTED NA
Page 173 and 174: CHAPTER 5 U = USED S = SUGGESTED NA
Page 175 and 176: 1 CHAPTER 6 CHAPTER 6.
Page 177 and 178: Irrigation Districts 3 CHAPTER 6 Th
Page 179 and 180: Reacting to Pollution - The Complia
Page 181 and 182: TABLE 6-1. List of Conservation Dis
Page 183 and 184: CHAPTER 7 Purpose RESOURCE GUIDE Th
Page 185 and 186: CHAPTER 7 Integrated Pest Managemen
Page 187 and 188: CHAPTER 7 Irrigation System Managem
Page 189 and 190:
CHAPTER 7 Private Applicator Pestic
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CHAPTER 8 GLOSSARY Absorption - The
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CHAPTER 8 Leaching Ratio - The perc
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