Observational Evidence Favors a Static Universe - Journal of ...

premise that the most constant characteristic of the supernova explosion is its
total energy and not its peak magnitude. If this is correct, then selection effects
can account for the apparent time dilation. The CC analysis is in complete
agreement with the known correlation between peak luminosity and light curve
duration. Furthermore the analysis overcomes a serious problem with the cur-
rent redshift distribution of supernovae. Finally using CC the distribution of
the total energy for each supernova as a function of (1 + z) has an exponent of
0.047 ± 0.089. This shows that there is no redshift dependence that occurs in
the BB analysis. Thus there is no need for dark energy.
The raw data of various time measures taken from the light curves for gamma
ray bursts (GRB) show no evidence of the time dilation that is expected in
BB. Since it can be argued that evolutionary and other effects that may have
cancelled the expected time dilation in BB are unlikely: a reasonable conclusion
is that there is no time dilation in GRB.
It is shown for galaxies with types E–Sa that have a well a defined peak
in their luminosity distribution the magnitude of this peak is independent of
redshift when the analysis was done using a static cosmology.
Analysis of quasar distributions in BB shows that luminosity evolution is
required to explain the observations. A novel method is used to analyst the
quasar distribution. Because the quasar distribution is close to an exponential
distribution in absolute magnitude (power law in luminosity) then for a small
redshift range it is also an exponential distribution in apparent magnitude.
Then for a small redshift range it is possible to use statistical averages to get an
estimate of the distance modulus directly from the raw data. The only input
required from the cosmological model is the variation of volume with redshift.
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