Urbanism in the Islamic World - lamp.tugraz.at
Urbanism in the Islamic World - lamp.tugraz.at
Urbanism in the Islamic World - lamp.tugraz.at
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Five Pillars of Islam<br />
Testimony (Schahāda)<br />
Prayer (Salāt), <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g ablution (5)<br />
Alms Giv<strong>in</strong>g (Zakāt)<br />
Fast<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> Ramadan (Saum, 9th <strong>Islamic</strong> month)<br />
Pilgrimage to Mekka (Hajj)<br />
Articles of Faith<br />
Indigenous Development: A New People of <strong>the</strong> Book ( ′Ahl al-Kitāb) and <strong>the</strong> <strong>Islamic</strong> Aniconism<br />
(Kalligraphie mit gekürzter Eulogie von H<strong>at</strong>t<strong>at</strong> Aziz Efendi , vor 1934)<br />
One God (Allāh ) ,<br />
His Angels,<br />
His Revel<strong>at</strong>ion (<strong>in</strong>cl. Torah and Gospels),<br />
His Prophets<br />
(Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus/Isa and<br />
Muhammad),<br />
Resurrection, Judgment, Hell, and Paradise,<br />
and<br />
Div<strong>in</strong>e Predest<strong>in</strong><strong>at</strong>ion<br />
Strict Mono<strong>the</strong>ism (Tawhid)<br />
Absolute Significance of God’s Word<br />
Qur’an (verb<strong>at</strong>im word of God) and<br />
Sunnah/Hadith (<strong>in</strong>terpret<strong>at</strong>ions by Muhammad)<br />
Aniconism<br />
Religious, Judicial, and Political Value-System<br />
Fiqh/Sharia
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