ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS ENCYCLOPEDIA ...

Oil on Estuarine Animals: Toxicity, Uptake and
Depuration, Respiration. Pollution and
Physiology of Marine Organisms (1974) as cited
in USEPA; Ambient Water Quality Criteria Doc:
Naphthalene p.B-10 (Draft) (1980)].
TLm (median threshold limit) Pandalus goniurus
(shrimp) 2.16 ppm/96 hr at 4 deg C; 1.02
ppm/96 hr at 8 deg C; 0.971 ppm/96 hr at 12
deg C /Static bioassay/ [Verschueren, K.
Handbook of Environmental Data of Organic
Chemicals. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand
Reinhold Co., 1983. 897].
LC50 Parhyale hawaiensis (amphipod) 15 ppm/24
hr open bowl; 6.5 ppm/24 hr closed bottle in a
static bioassay. [Verschueren, K. Handbook of
Environmental Data of Organic Chemicals. 2nd
ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
1983. 897].
W.Fish (Water Concentrations vs. Fish):
One study reports 4 or 5 mg/L of naphthalene kills
sunfish in one hour, but another study set the
lethal concentration at 10 mg/L [224].
During an exposure of one hour, 17.1 mg/L did not
kill minnows, but caused them to stop eating. A
concentration of 4.3 mg/L had no effect [224].
For perch, the killing strength has been given as
40 mg/L in some studies, and as 20 mg/L in another
study [224].
One study exposed minnows to naphthalene for six
hours in both distilled and hard water. The
minimum lethal dose in distilled water at 19
degrees C was 11-13 mg/L, and in hard water at 16
degrees C was 15-18 mg/L [224].
TLm values for mosquito fish (Gambusia affinis)
using highly turbid water at 22-24 degrees C were
found to be 220 mg/L at 24 hours, 165 mg/L at 48
hours, and 150 mg/L at 96 hours. The naphthalene
did not clarify the turbid water [224].
In aerated seawater, the critical level for
fingerling silver salmon during 72-hour exposure
was reported to be between 1.8 and 3.2 mg/L [224].
Cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki) were exposed for 90
days to four concentrations (ranging from 100 to