Allium sativum L. - International Journal of Agriculture and Crop ...

International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences.
Available online at www.ijagcs.com
IJACS/2012/4-24/1878-1880
ISSN 2227-670X ©2012 IJACS Journal
Effect of different sources and levels of nitrogen
fertilizer on yield and nitrate accumulation in garlic
(Allium sativum L.)
Maryam Nori *1 .Javad aali 2 , Reza Sharifi Asl 3
1. Former M.Sc student of Horticultural Science. Faculty of Agriculture. Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2. Department in jahade keshavarzi organization Ilam, Iran.
3. Former M.Sc student of Horticultural Science in Islamic Azad university Karaj brunch, Karaj, Iran300 kg N ha
ammonium sulfate fertilizer (5/591 mg g dry weight) was used no significant differences in nitrate accumulation
at values of 100 kg nitrogen per hectare as urea and ammonium sulfate was Interaction of the type and amount
of fertilizer on nitrate .
*Corresponding author email: m77_noori@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT: Nitrogen is essential for all vital plant processes and has an important role in the
growth, yield and quality of the products in crops. Due to the abundance of nitrogen in agricultural
production, farmers are turning to the excessive consumption of nitrogen fertilizers. This causes the
accumulation of nitrate in his plan and consumption of such plants pose a risk to human health. And
is consumption of such plants pose a risk to human health. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) bulbs including
important vegetables in the world and is In order to optimize resources and the problem of
accumulation of nitrate fertilizer is not Values of 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 kg N ha as urea (46%
N) and ammonium sulfate (21% N) On yield and nitrate accumulation in Research Station and
Laboratories of Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture garlic Ali Sina University in
Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center studied For the field experiment in
split plot randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Plots of Hamadan garlic
bulb let mass of 4/1 × 2 m were planted The type of fertilizer plot and fertilizer levels were sub card
Type of fertilizer had a significant effect on nitrate Nitrate concentration increased with increasing
fertilizer there was no significant effect of fertilizer on yield. And by increasing the amount of fertilizer
to increase the yield of 200 kg ha The highest nitrate concentration (9/640 mm g dry weight)
of 300 kg urea treatment and the lowest value (1/407 mm g dry weight) was observed in the
treatment of 100 kg urea.
Key words: garlic, nitrate accumulation, yield, urea, ammonium sulfate
INTRODUCTION
Alliums are large genus of the family Alliaceae including 700 species of ornamental flowering plant
Species are economically important Flavor in vegetables such as onion, garlic, onion, leek Chao and easily
diagnosed. For each species there is a precursor for the flavor volatile sulfur compounds that become relatively
stable and odorless precursor of cysteine S-alkyl occurs sulpho oxide (Jones et al.2004). (Allium sativa) _Garlic
is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world (Baghalian, 2005). And has Anti-infective properties
such as power suppliers, insecticidal, anti-bacterial, antifungal, anti-cancer, lowering blood sugar, blood lipids,
and reduce blood platelet aggregation (Agusti,1990).Nitrogen is necessary and important element for
increasing the yield and quality of vegetables such as garlic Increasing yield and nitrogen sources and thus
more profitable for farmers to (Gulser, 2005). Reported that the effect of increased nitrogen and sulfur on
growth and accelerate the maturity of onion bulbs Onion bulbs were planted so that high levels of nitrogen and
sulfur fertilization significantly smaller than normal bulbs. (Abbas and Sxena, 1994) were reported most of the
garlic bulb diameter and 75 kg N treatment. Setty ea al. 1987). Nitrogen necessary and important element for
increasing the yield and quality of vegetables such as garlic. Nitrogen in the study to achieve acceptable
performance and sharp suits in addition to appropriate Following are some of the nitrate concentration Effects
of different levels of urea and ammonium sulfate in the course of qualitative and quantitative traits were studied
Hamadani cultivar.

Intl J Agri Crop Sci. Vol., 4 (24), 1878-1880, 2012
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Operation of this project during 1387 – 1386 (2007-2008) at the Research Farm, Department of
Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bu Ali Sina Factor split plot experiment with two levels of
fertilizers (urea and ammonium sulfate) and sub factor of five fertilizer levels (100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 kg N
ha) in a complete block design four replications were randomized After providing the white variety bulb were
planted plot Hamadani in the seventh row spacing 20 cm between rows and 10 cm within the rows Total
nitrogen fertilizer treatments were equally divided and allocated to each plot twice what was January phenol
sulfonic acid nitrate colorimetric assay was performed. Data recorded are analysis by using MSTAT-C software,
was used for statistical analysis Comparison of means was performed using Duncan and graphs were plotted
using Excel software.
RESULTS AND DUSCATION
Effect of fertilizer on nitrate levels
The comparison results (Table 1) Type of fertilizer had different effects on nitrate accumulation in garlic
and garlic with the highest concentration of nitrate fertilizer applied urea compared to ammonium sulfate
treatment was rate increased, increased nitrate The was highest amount of nitrate in the treatment of 300 kg N
ha urea (9/640 mm g dry weight) The average time that was more than accumulation was significantly so that
both urea and ammonium sulfate concentrations between 100 and 150 kg N/h nitrate concentrations were not
significantly different from Although the amounts of nitrogen Nitrate accumulation in plants fed with urea was
significantly higher Khodabakhshzadeh, 2001 Reported that with increasing amounts of urea nitrate
concentration increased in the course (Randle, 2000). He reported nitrate concentration in onion bulbs grown in
solution increased with increasing nitrogen Jones et al, 2004) In a survey showed on onion Increasing nitrogen
fertilizer increased nitrate concentration in onion bulbs were Between the two types of urea and ammonium
sulfate at doses of 100 and 150 kg N/h nitrate concentrations were not significantly different from Although the
amounts of nitrogen Nitrate accumulation in plants fed with urea was significantly higher. This may be because
Ammonium sulfate fertilizer low in nitrogen allocated to the production of cysteine and the production of large
amounts of fertilizer, high nitrate concentration is low cysteine.
Table 1. Comparison of mean for different of levels nitrogen fertilizer and interaction effect on nitrate accumulation and yield of
garlic
Kg/ha Nitrate
Treatments
(Mg/kg Dw)
(kg N/ha)
1387/03a 515/4b
Ammonium
sulphate
13790/24a 517/1a Urea
13370e 410/1e 100 kg N/ha
14740b 439/7d 150 kg N/ha
16620a 502/5c 200 kg N/ha
12930c 534/7b 250 kg N/ha
11530d 616/2a 300 kg N/ha
13270d 414/2h AS 100
14570c 439/6g AS 150
17050a 473/8f AS 200
13120d 503/5e AS 250
11430e 591/5b AS 300
13470d 407/6h U 100
14920c 439/8g U 150
16180b 531/1d U 200
12740d 565/8c U 250
11430e 640/9a U 300
Different letters in each column show significant differences at 1 level of probability using DMRT
Effect of fertilizer levels on the yield of garlic
Fertilizer levels had no significant effect on the course of action by increasing the amount of fertilizer to
increase the yield of 200 kg N/h. And then increased with the application of 300 kg N/h decreased The highest
yield is obtained (16,620 kg) 200 kg N treatment and the lowest (11,530 kg per hectare) in the treatment of 300
kg N. (Khodabakhshzadeh, 2001) showed a trend yield increase of 180 kg urea and the amounts of garlic yield
decreased to 300 kg N/h. (Sardi and Timer, 2005) Showed that garlic, especially in the early stages of growth
will require high nitrogen. The highest yield was obtained in the treatment of 300 kg N/h. (Gaviola and
Lipinski2008). Course yield at 225 kg N ha treatment reported (Randle, 2000). In one study showed that the
onion Granyks Amounts of nitrogen fertilizer treatments (22, 78 and 97 grams per liter of ammonium
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Intl J Agri Crop Sci. Vol., 4 (24), 1878-1880, 2012
nitrate) with increasing amounts of soluble nitrogen, yield and bulb weight increased And levels above 78 g
weight and bulb firmness decreased. (Lurie, 2005) Reported was that the maximum yield of 225 kg per hectare
of nitrogen treatment Argentine garlic cultivars. (Buwalda, 1986 The effect of different amounts of nitrogen
fertilizer showed between zero to 240 kg/h Treatment had the highest yield of 120 kg N/h Produced the best
quality garlic Increase process yield up to 200 kg/h will be required to plant nitrogen levels for the
development of leaf area and net uptake attributed
CONCLUSION
In experiments carried out with increasing amounts of urea nitrate and ammonium sulfate fertilizer
increased According to the results 200 kg N ha ammonium sulfate fertilizer treatment because garlic is
recommended for high performance and low nitrate concentration.
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