Proceedings - Balai Penelitian Tanah

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87 Mohan GMC The successful first year’s reclamation effort is the result of joint efforts with the government complementing their work and package and reclamation of all tsunami affected lands and farmers (irrespective of type and category) through an effective participative co-ordination mechanism. 2. II YEAR (2006-2007): FROM CROP MANAGEMENT TO FARMING SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT Soil salinity, being a persistent problem of this area (through seepage, back water intrusion) needed a long-term management strategy. There were also fears of capillary rise of temporarily percolated salts during the following summer once the surface soils dried up. One of the most significant factors which can favourably change soil salinity considerably in the longer run is improved soil fertility status. Besides changing the salinity, the increased soil fertility also means improvement in the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil as well as crop productivity and farm income. Hence there was a definite need to continue the reclamation efforts to a limited extend in the second year simultaneously addressing the soil fertility. In the second season, it was envisaged that a set of simple farming systems should emerge in each of the farm. This means that the predominantly existing ‘crop’ system (field crops) should further be diversified, and the ‘tree’ system (biomass/horticulture/forestry) should be developed and the ‘livestock’ system should be strengthened and enlarged. Apart from these three systems proposed, other relevant site-specific farming systems (enterprises) were added upon needbased. Hence in the 2 nd season broad-basing the interventions on the farm took place keeping productivity and sustainability of the farm in the mind. Capacity building of the farming community and ensuring their participation in all the interventions taken up were the thrust areas. In a nutshell, the reclamation measures were integrated into the regular crop management practices along with further diversification of the farm leading to sustainability. Simultaneously, a four month study on ‘Understanding Vulnerabilities of Agricultural Communities to Frequent Disasters and their coping mechanisms’ was taken up and the findings of this study were presented in the ‘National Workshop on Disaster Preparedness in Agriculture’ organized by NCRC. This workshop helped not only to share experiences and learning about tsunamis, but also on managing floods, droughts and cyclone from elsewhere in India. Following this workshop, a six month ‘Study on coastal water bodies in Nagapattinam’ was completed to take stock off-farm drainage related problems related to salinity and floods. International Workshop on Post Tsunami Soil Management, 1-2 July 2008 in Bogor, Indonesia
3. III YEAR (2007-2008): DISASTER PROOFING OF AGRICULTURE 88 Mohan GMC A 14-month pilot implementation project on ‘Participatory Water Resource Management’ has been initiated in three river systems out of 14 rivers studied through Water User Associations formed. The objectives are safe disposal of flood water, containing back water salinity, improving water harvesting in water bodies and increasing the irrigation intensity and crop productivity. In the first season, management of soils for desalination and soil fertility enhancement was the focus and the object was to bring back tsunami affected lands into cultivation. In the second season (year) it was the management of farming systems integrating soil management and reclamation measures within with the object of ensuring sustainability of farms in the longer run. Disaster proofing of agriculture working on off-farm things addressing salinity, floods as well as drought was the key in the third season (year). REFERENCE NCRC (NGO Co-ordination and Resource Centre). 2006. Understanding Vulnerabilities of Agricultural Communities to Frequent Disasters and Coping Mechanisms - A sample study of tsunami affected agricultural villages in Nagapattinam district. NGO Co-ordination and Resouce Centre. Nagapattinam. International Workshop on Post Tsunami Soil Management, 1-2 July 2008 in Bogor, Indonesia
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Proceedings International Workshop
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iii FOREWORD The active subduction
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Ladies and Gentlemen, v We are situ
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Ladies and Gentlemen, vii The time
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ix sediment, soil and water salinit
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xi TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD .....
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1 Harjadi PJP INDONESIA TSUNAMI EAR
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3 Harjadi PJP Figure 3. Site distri
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5 Harjadi PJP The Operational compo
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7 Harjadi PJP National Coordinating
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9 Harjadi PJP • UNESCO, IOC, ITIC
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2.5. Buoys (BPPT) 11 Harjadi PJP Be
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4. Situation Center 13 Harjadi PJP
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Figure 18. The decision support sys
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Figure 20. Observation perspective
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Figure 23. Five in one information
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21 Niino Y AGRICULTURAL IMPACTS IN
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23 Niino Y rehabilitation of salt-a
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25 Niino Y who lost their crops, li
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27 Niino Y damage afflicting agricu
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29 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS N
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31 Niino Y − Income generation th
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33 Abubakar and Basri REHABILITATIO
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35 Abubakar and Basri Table 1. Ligh
Page 50 and 51: 37 Abubakar and Basri Table 3. Thic
Page 52 and 53: 39 Abubakar and Basri Table 5. Padd
Page 54 and 55: CONCLUSIONS 41 Abubakar and Basri R
Page 56 and 57: 43 MANAGING TSUNAMI-AFFECTED SOILS
Page 58 and 59: 45 Slavich et al. Figure 3. Tsunami
Page 60 and 61: 47 Slavich et al. they were not aff
Page 62 and 63: 49 Slavich et al. factors observed
Page 64 and 65: 51 DYNAMICS OF TSUNAMI-AFFECTED SOI
Page 66 and 67: 53 Rachman et al. measured using th
Page 68 and 69: 55 Rachman et al. Table 2. Characte
Page 70 and 71: 57 Rachman et al. Figure 2. Distrib
Page 72 and 73: 59 Rachman et al. complex are domin
Page 74 and 75: Soil depth (cm) B Soil depth (cm) C
Page 76 and 77: 63 Rachman et al. empty pods. The f
Page 78 and 79: 65 ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS OF FARMING O
Page 80 and 81: 67 Agus F of North America, Europe
Page 82 and 83: International Workshop on Post Tsun
Page 84 and 85: IMPLICATIONS 71 Agus F Land suitabi
Page 86 and 87: 73 Agus F Proceedings of the 12th I
Page 88 and 89: 75 POST-TSUNAMI AGRICULTURE LIVELIH
Page 90 and 91: Nagapattinam Background Geographica
Page 92 and 93: 79 Mohan GMC extensively in compari
Page 94 and 95: 81 Mohan GMC NGOs wherever there wa
Page 96 and 97: 83 Mohan GMC Between February’05
Page 98 and 99: 1.7. Constraints: 85 Mohan GMC •
Page 102 and 103: 89 Joshi L ACCELERATING LIVELIHOOD
Page 104 and 105: POVERTY AND TREE CROPS 91 Joshi L P
Page 106 and 107: 93 Joshi L The survey conducted in
Page 108 and 109: CONCLUSIONS 95 Joshi L Aceh and Nia
Page 110 and 111: 97 Sembiring et al. IMPLICATIONS OF
Page 112 and 113: 99 Sembiring et al. level of tolera
Page 114 and 115: 101 Sembiring et al. Leaching, soil
Page 116 and 117: 103 Sembiring et al. Aceh Barat. Th
Page 118 and 119: 105 Sembiring et al. lowland rice t
Page 120 and 121: 107 Sembiring et al. and developmen
Page 122 and 123: 109 Iskandar and Chairunas PALAWIJA
Page 124 and 125: 111 Iskandar and Chairunas Tunong V
Page 126 and 127: 113 Iskandar and Chairunas DPTPH Pr
Page 128 and 129: 115 INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR P
Page 130 and 131: 117 Shea et al. Material support wa
Page 132 and 133: TRANSPORTATION 119 Shea et al. Duri
Page 134 and 135: 121 Shea et al. As highlighted duri
Page 136 and 137: 123 Shea et al. Connection Centers:
Page 138 and 139: 125 Shea et al. Photographs: Left -
Page 140 and 141: 127 Shea et al. Photographs: Left -
Page 142 and 143: MEDIA FOR WOMEN FARMERS 129 Shea et
Page 144 and 145: 131 McLeod et al. SOIL SALINITY ASS
Page 146 and 147: 133 Figure 1. Locations of assessme
Page 148 and 149: 135 McLeod et al. fields after the
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137 Wahyunto et al. ASSESSMENT OF A
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139 Wahyunto et al. 2004 (before th
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141 Wahyunto et al. Since the major
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143 Wahyunto et al. Table 1. Existi
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145 Wahyunto et al. low fertility),
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147 Wahyunto et al. Table 2. Method
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CONCLUSIONS 149 Wahyunto et al. Lan
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151 Wahyunto et al. FAO. 1976. Fram
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153 Sammut et al. TECHNICAL CAPACIT
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155 Sammut et al. associated manage
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157 Sammut et al. Tarunamulia, 2006
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159 Sammut et al. Unfortunately, a
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161 Sammut et al. Gosavi K, Sammut
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163 Chairunas DEVELOPING TECHNOLOGY
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165 Chairunas Table 1. The average
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REFERENCES 167 Chairunas BPS. 2007.
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169 List of Participants Internatio
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171 Didi Ardi S., Dr. Indonesian So
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173 Irawan, Dr. Indonesian Soil Res
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175 Mulyadi, Mr Indonesian Institut
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177 Subhan, Mr Institute for Vegeta
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179 Astu Unadi, Dr. Kepala Balitkli
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