2011 Spicer Steer Axles Service Manual

Spicer ® Steer Axles 

Service Manual 

AXSM0038 

May 2011

Warnings and Cautions 

The description and specifications contained in this service 

publication are current at the time of printing. 

Dana reserves the right to discontinue or modify its models 

and/or procedures and to change specifications at any time 

without notice. 

Important Notice 

This symbol is used throughout this 

manual to call attention to procedures 

where carelessness or failure to follow 

specific instructions may result in 

personal injury and/or component 

damage. 

Departure from the instructions, choice 

of tools, materials and recommended 

parts mentioned in this publication 

may jeopardize the personal safety 

of the service technician or vehicle 

operator. 

Always use genuine Spicer replacement parts. 

CAUTION 

Welding or machining on any axle component is prohibited 

unless noted otherwise in this document or other Spicer 

service literature. 

Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of all 

information in this guide. However, Dana makes no 

expressed or implied warranty or representation based on 

the enclosed information. 

Warnings and Cautions 

Any reference to brand name in this publication is made as an 

example of the types of tools and materials recommended for 

use and should not be considered an endorsement. Equivalents 

may be used. 

WARNING: Failure to follow indicated 

procedures creates a high risk of personal 

injury to the servicing technician. 

CAUTION: Failure to follow indicated 

procedures may cause component 

damage or malfunction. 

IMPORTANT: Highly recommended 

procedures for proper service of this unit. 

Note: Additional service information not 

covered in the service procedures. 

Tip: Helpful removal and installation 

procedures to aid in the service of this unit. 

i 

General Information

ii 

Warnings and Cautions

Warnings and Cautions ........................................i 

Important Notice .......................................................... i 

Axle Identification........................................................ 1 

Axle Assembly Tag...................................................... 1 

Model Information ...................................................... 2 

Model Coverage .......................................................... 3 

Inspection ...........................................................4 

Procedures and Intervals ............................................ 4 

E Family Exploded View .............................................. 4 

EFA Family Exploded View .......................................... 5 

I and D Family Exploded View ..................................... 6 

General Inspection ...................................................... 7 

Component Inspection ................................................ 7 

Knuckle Vertical Play Inspection ................................. 7 

Bushing Inspection (End Play) .................................... 8 

Tie Rod Inspection ...................................................... 9 

................................ Tie Rod End Replacement 11 

Straight Socket Tie Rod Ends.................................... 11 

Drop Socket Tie Rod Ends ........................................ 11 

Alignment / Adjustment ....................................12 

Wheel Alignment....................................................... 12 

Camber ..................................................................... 12 

Caster Adjustment..................................................... 16 

Toe Setting................................................................ 17 

Steering Stop Adjustment ......................................... 18 

Disassembly, Overhaul, and Assembly .............19 

Table of Contents 

Steering Knuckle Disassembly................................... 19 

Kingpin Bushing and Seal Replacement .................... 20 

Steering Knuckle Assembly ....................................... 23 

Replacing Staked Draw Keys with Threaded.............. 26 

Installing Dual Draw Keys.......................................... 27 

General Specifications ......................................28 

Wheel Bearing Adjustment ........................................ 28 

Wheel Alignment ....................................................... 28 

Kingpin Clearance – New ........................................... 28 

Kingpin Clearance – In Service .................................. 28 

E Family Fastener Torque Specifications.................... 29 

EFA Family Fastener Torque Specifications................ 29 

I and D Family Fastener Torque Specifications .......... 30 

Wheel Bearing Adjustment ................................31 

Stamped Locking Nut System ................................... 32 

Single Nut (Castle Nut) Locking System.................... 33 

Pro-Torq Spindle Nut Service .................................... 34 

Special Service Tools ........................................36 

Additional Service Information ..........................37 

Appendix ...........................................................38 

Lubrication ................................................................ 38 

Verify Wheel End-play Procedure .............................. 40 

Readjust Wheel End-play Procedure.......................... 40 

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Axle Identification 

The Spicer front non-drive steering axles are identified with 

a tag located between the spring pads on the front side of 

the center beam section. 

The axle tag contains the serial number, the model number, 

and the assembly number. 

Axle Assembly Tag 

1 - Tag 

E Family 

1 - Dana Part Number 

EFA Family 

CUST PART NO. XXXX 

SPEC. 

XXXXXX 

MODEL 

XXXXX 

MADE IN: 

PART NO. 

1 

SPICER 

XXXX 

SERIAL NO. 

XXXXXXXX 

RATIO 

XXXXX 

Spicer Axle 

MODEL PART NO. 

000000 000000 

SPEC. SERIAL NO. 

000000000 0000000000 

CUST. PT. NO. 

0000000000 

MADE IN 

0000000 

1 

General Information 

I Family 

1 

2 3 4 5 

1 - Dana Part Number 

2 - Serial Number 

3 - Model Number 

4 - Customer Part Number 

5 - Line Set Number 

6 - Julian Date 

Julian Date Code 

DO NOT REMOVE 

1208N000 0 

SER # I-120 S 

000000 0000000000 

98170 

98020 

F1 9999 

Model Year Day of Year 

SPICER 

6 

1 

General Information

Model Information 

E Family 

Series E, D 

GAWR x 100 lbs. 

Example: 

120 x 100 = 12,000 lbs. 

EFA Family 

I Family 

2 

Series 

Nominal 

Load Capacity 

12 = 12,000 lbs. 

18 = 18,000 lbs. 

22 = 22,000 lbs. 

24 = 24,000 lbs. 

E -120 0 I 

EFA - 12 F 4 

I -120 SG 

Beam Type 

I,F,T– 

I-Beam Standard Overall Width 

W – Over 96" Overall Width 

Design Level 

0 - Standard 

1 - Heavy-Duty Beam 

2 - Maximum Contact Kingpin Joint 

3 - Maximum Contact Kingpin Joint 

and Heavy-Duty Beam 

Beam Drop 

1 - 1.5 in. to Tube Centerline 

4 - 3.5 in. to Spring Pad 

5 - 5.1 in. to Tube Centerline 

Beam Type 

F = I-Beam Standard Overall Width 

T = Tubular Beam 

Beam Type/Series SG = I-Beam Standard Overall Width 

Nominal Load 

Carrying Capacity 

60 = 6,000 lbs. 

80 = 8,000 lbs. 

100 = 10,000 lbs. 

120 = 12,000 lbs. 

140 = 14,000 lbs. 

160 = 16,000 lbs. 

180 = 18,000 lbs. 

200 = 20,000 lbs. 

SB = Coach Beam 

W = Over 96" Overall Width 

General Information

Model Coverage 

E Family 

Model Nominal Load Ratings lbs. [kg] 

E-1000I 

E-1000W 

E-1002I 

E-1002W 

E-1200I 

E-1200W 

E-1201W 

E-1202I 

E-1202W 

E-1203I 

E-1320I 

E-1320W 

E-1322I 

E-1322W 

E-1460I 

E-1460W 

E-1462I 

E-1462W 

EFA Family 

10,000 [4,536] 

12,000 [5,443] 

13,200 [5,987] 

14,600 [6,622] 

Model Nominal Load Rating lbs. [kg] 

EFA-12F3 Superseded by EFA-12F4 


EFA-12F4 

EFA-13F5 

12,000-13,200 

[5,443-5,987] 


EFA-20F4 20,000 [9,072] 

EFA-22T2 

EFA-22T5 

EFA-24T2 

EFA-24T5 

22,000 [9,979] 

24,000 [10,886] 

General Information 

I and D Family 

Model Nominal Load Rating lbs. [kg] 

I-60SG 

D-600N 

D-700N 

D-700F 

D-800F 

D-800W 

I-80SG 

D-850F 

D-850W 

I-100 S, SG 

I-100W 

I-120S, SG, SGL 

I-120W 

I-130SG 

I-130W 

6,000 [2,722] 

7,000 [3,175] 

8,000 [3,629] 

8,500 [3,856] 

10,000 [4,536] 

12,000 [5,443] 

13,000 [5,896] 

I-132SG 13,200 [5,987] 

I-140S, SG 

I-140W 

I-160S, SG 

I-160W 

I-160SB 

I-180S, SG 

I-180W 

14,600 [6,622] 

16,000 [7,257] 

18,000 [8,165] 

D-2000F 20,000 [9,072] 

I-200S, SG 

I-200W 

20,000 [9,072] 

D-2200F 22,800 [10,342] 

I-220W 22,800 [10,342] 

Note: These nominal ratings are general guidelines. Actual 

load rating varies with application and duty cycle. Applications 

require Spicer engineering approval. 

3 

General Information

Inspection 

Procedures and Intervals 

The following inspection procedures are consistent with 

industry practice and are recommended as Inspection guidelines 

for periodic service. Use manufacturer’s instructions as 

a primary guide. 

E Family Exploded View 

4 

24 

23 

25 

22 

26 

16 

17 

21 

20 

19 

18 

19 

18 

20 

17 

16 

Inspection 

Intervals of inspection or service are recommended for general 

or average vehicle use. It may be appropriate to increase 

frequency of intervals depending on the type of vehicle service. 

1 - Nut, Draw Key 10 - Pin, Cotter 19 - Gasket 

2 - Seal, Grease 11 - Bolt, Clamp 20 - Bushing 

3 - Shim 12 - Tube, Cross 21 - Kingpin 

4 - Axle Beam 13 - Clamp 22 - Nut, outer Spindle* 

5 - Key, Draw 14 - Nut 23 - Washer, Retainer* 

6 - Bearing, Thrust 15 - Tie Rod End 24 - Washer, Spindle* 

7 - Screw, Stop 16 - Lube Fitting 25 - Nut, Inner Spindle* 

8 - Nut, Jam 17 - Cap, Knuckle 26 - Steering Knuckle 

9 - Nut, Slotted 18 - Foam Insert 27 - Dual Draw Key Beam 

* Nut, Pro-Torq (optional alternative for items 22-25) 

9 

15 

10 

1 

8 

14 

11 

7 

12 

13 

2 

2 

3 

6 

27 

5 

4

EFA Family Exploded View 

8 

7 

9 

10 

11 

12 

Inspection 

1 - Lubrication Fitting 11 - Cotter Pin 21 - Woodruff Key 

2 - Hex Bolt 12 - Hex Nut, Steer Arm 22 - Cross Tube Assembly 

3 - Washer 13 - Seal Knuckle 23 - Tie Rod Arm 

4 - Knuckle Cap 14 - Shim 24 - Steer Arm Ball Stud 

5 - Bushing 15 - Thrust Bearing 25 - Ball Stud Nut 

6 - Knuckle Pin 16 - Draw Key 26 - Ball Stud Cotter Pin 

7 - Washer, Spindle 17 - Nut, Draw Key 27 - Steer Arm 

8 - Hex Nut, Spindle 18 - Stop Screw 28 - I-Beam 

9 - Cotter Pin 19 - Nut, Jam 29 - Tubular Beam 

10 - Steering Knuckle 20 - Cotter Pin 

3 

2 

4 

1 

5 

6 

21 

17 

24 

18 

21 

19 

23 

15 

27 

13 

14 

13 

25 

26 

16 

20 

29 

22 

28 

5 

Inspection

I and D Family Exploded View 

6 

30 

34 

35 

31 

33 32 

15 

16 

Inspection 

1 - I-Beam 13 - Bushing, Kingpin 25 - Nut, Tie Rod Clamp 

2 - Seal, Kingpin 14 - Kingpin 26 - Clamp, Tie Rod 

3 - Shim 15 - Pin, Cotter 27 - Tie Rod End 

4 - Draw Key, Outer 16 - Nut, Slotted 28 - Grease Fitting 

5 - Draw Key, Inner 17 - Knuckle, Steering 29 - Arm, Tie Rod 

6 - Nut, Draw Key 18 - Bolt, Stop 30 - Pin, Spindle Cotter 

7 - Washer, Belleville 19 - Key, Woodruff 31 - Spindle Nut, Inner 

8 - Bearing Assembly, Thrust 20 - Arm, Steering 32 - Nut, Spindle Lock Washer 

9 - Bolt, Kingpin Cap 21 - Nut, Tie Rod 33 - Spindle Nut, Outer 

10 - Grease Fitting 22 - Pin, Cotter Tie Rod 34 - Washer, Bearing Retainer 

11 - Cap, Kingpin 23 - Tube, Cross 35 - Nut, Slotted Spindle 

12 - O-Ring 24 - Bolt, Tie Rod Clamp 

9 

11 

13 

10 

4 

10 

12 

14 

17 

18 

19 

19 

7 

6 

8 

2 

3 

20 

29 

5 

28 

1 

21 

27 

22 

24 

26 

25 

23

General Inspection 

Inspect the axle to ensure proper assembly and to identify 

broken parts and loose fasteners each time the vehicle is 

lubricated. Make sure spring to axle beam mounting nuts and 

steering connection fasteners are secure. 

Wheel Alignment - Follow vehicle manufacturer’s instructions 

for wheel alignment inspection intervals. If excessive steering 

effort, vehicle wander, or uneven and/or excessive tire wear is 

evident, check wheel alignment. Refer to Wheel Alignment. 

Steering Axle Stops - Inspect for missing, loose or bent steer 

stops. Damaged or missing steering axle stops may indicate 

other problems with the steering system. This can result in 

damage to steering system components. Replace missing or 

damaged stops and reset steering system geometry. Refer to 

vehicle manufacturer’s instructions for proper steering system 

settings. 

Tie Rod Ends - Inspect each time axle is lubricated. Check for 

seal damage, worn ball socket or loose fasteners. 

Knuckle Thrust Bearings - When disassembled, visually 

inspect for any damage and check for smooth operation. For 

maximum service life, replace the thrust bearing whenever the 

knuckle assembly is serviced. 

Kingpins - For maximum service life replace kingpins when 

servicing knuckle assembly. 

Component Inspection 

Prepare for axle inspection as follows: 

1. Set parking brake and block drive wheels to prevent 

vehicle movement. 

2. Raise the vehicle until steering axle wheels are off 

the ground. Support raised vehicle with safety 

stands. 

WARNING 

Never work under a vehicle supported only by a jack. 

Always use safety stands. 

Knuckle Vertical Play Inspection 

1. Mount dial indicator on axle beam. Reference the dial 

indicator probe on the knuckle cap. 

2. Using a lever, pry steering knuckle downward. 

Inspection 

3. Zero the dial indicator. 

4. Using a lever, pry the steering knuckle upward. Note 

indicator reading. If reading exceeds 0.040" (1.02 

mm), refer to Removal and Disassembly for overhaul 

procedures. 

Note: Perform above inspection procedure with axle assembled 

and installed on vehicle with tires and wheels 

attached. To check knuckle vertical play during axle 

assembly. Refer to Steering Knuckle Assembly. 

E Family 

1 - Reference on top of knuckle 

2 - Dial indicator 

3 - Pry bar 

4 - Pry knuckle downward 

EFA, I Family 



3 - Pry bar 


2 

2 

1 

1 

4 

4 

3 

3 

7 

Inspection

Bushing Inspection (End Play) 

Following regular and thorough greasing practices will maximize 

bushing life. 

Upper Bushing Lateral Inspection 

This procedure measures upper bushing wear due to side and 

vertical loading. 

E Family 

8 

1. Mount dial indicator on the axle. Reference the upper 

part of the steering knuckle. 


2 - Reference on top lip of steering knuckle 

3 - Attach to axle beam 

EFA, I and D Family 

1 

1 

0 

10 10 

20 

20 

30 

30 

40 40 


2 - Reference on top lip of steering knuckle 


2 

3 

3 

2. Move the tire and wheel assembly in and out with a 

push/pull motion and have an assistant record the 

dial indicator reading. 

3. Replace the upper bushing if readings are in excess 

of .015" (0.38 mm). 

50 

2 

Inspection 

Lower Bushing Lateral Inspection 

This procedure measures lower bushing wear due to side and 

vertical loading. 

E Family 

1. Mount dial indicator on the axle. Reference the base 

of the lower arm on the steering knuckle. 


2 - Reference on lower steering knuckle 


EFA, I and D Family 

1 

0 

10 10 

20 

20 

30 

30 

40 40 

50 


2 - Reference on lower steering knuckle 


3 

3 

1 

2. Move bottom of tire and wheel assembly in and out 

with a push/pull motion and have an assistant record 

dial indicator reading. 

3. Replace the lower bushing if dial indicator readings 

are in excess of .015" (0.38 mm). 

Note: To avoid inaccurate measurements, be careful not to let 

the knuckle turn while moving assembly in and out. 

Applying brakes will help lock wheel assembly. 

Note: Locate indicator on a smooth, flat surface for best reading. 

2 

2

Tie Rod Inspection 

1. Make sure the boot completely covers the ball joint 

of the tie rod end with no cracks or tears. If there is 

damage to the boot, the entire tie rod end must be 

replaced. 

1 - Cracked or torn boot requires entire tie rod end replacement 

2. Make sure the tie rod nut is torqued to the proper 

specifications and the cotter pin is correctly installed 

in the nut. If the cotter pin is missing, the tie rod nut 

could become loose and steering will be affected. 

1 - Steering knuckle 

2 - Missing cotter pin 

1 

1 

2 

Inspection 

3. The threaded portion of each tie rod end must be 

inserted completely in the cross tube split. This is 

essential for adequate clamping. Replace components 

if this fit cannot be obtained. 

CORRECT 

The threaded portions of both 

tie rod ends must be completely 

inserted in cross tube split 

4. Where zerk fittings are necessary, make sure they 

are installed correctly. (Non-greaseable tie rod ends 

do not require zerk fittings.) 

5. To protect the cross tube, use only your hands or a 

pipe wrench with jaw protectors to rotate the cross 

tube. Make sure the cross tube will turn toward the 

front and the back of the vehicle. Replace both of the 

tie rod ends if they will not turn in both directions. 

6. If the cross tubes or clamps are bent, cracked or 

damaged, replacement is necessary. Do not attempt 

to repair a cross tube as this could result in damage 

to the axle. 

7. Proper positioning of clamp relative to beam and 

correct orientation of nut and bolt are required to 

ensure clearance at high wheel cuts. 

Boot does not have purging capibilities. 

All grease purging takes place through 

pureable grease fitting. 

Equal threads exposed on 

left and right tie rod ends 

INCORRECT 

Threaded end is not completely 


Purgeable 

grease fitting 

Note: Tie rods end inspections should always be performed 

prior to lubrication. If the inspection is performed after 

lubrication, there may be a false indication that the tie 

rod end is fully operative. 

9 

Inspection

10 

8. Park the vehicle with the wheels in the “straight 

ahead” position, then turn the vehicle off. 

9. Place blocks in front of and behind the front and rear 

tires to prevent the vehicle from moving. 

10. If the seal and ring are acceptable, try to move the tie 

rod cross tube by hand. 

11. If movement or looseness is detected, set up a dial 

indicator as shown below. 

CAUTION 

Do not use a pry bar or other mechanical method on the 

steering linkage. This could result in damage to the tie rod 

end and/or create a false indication of wear. 

Inspection 

12. There are two separate methods that can be used to 

check the degree of movement in the tie rod end: 

a. To check axial (up and down) movement, set the 

dial indicator so the base of the indicator is on the tie 

rod arm. Then, place the tip of the indicator on the 

bottom of the tie rod end at the area that is most flat. 

b. To check radial (back and forth) movement, set 

the dial indicator so that the base of the indicator is 

on the tie rod arm. Then, place the tip of the indicator 

on the socket of the tie rod end. Be sure to position 

the dial indicator so that it is in line with the direction 

of movement. 

13. Set the dial indicator to zero. 

14. Again, move the cross tube assembly up and down 

or back and forth, depending on which direction you 

are checking for looseness. If the indicator reading is 

0.060” or more, replace the tie rod end immediately. 

If the indicator reading is above 0.030”, it should be 

replaced at the next service interval. 

CAUTION 

Do not remove the tie rod end from the tie rod arm to check 

for ball stud rotating torque. This may damage the seal if a 

removal tool is used. Additionally, the tie rod end seal can 

cause false indications of internal torque. 

15. Repeat Steps 10 through 14 for the other tie rod 

ends. 

Note: When one tie rod end requires replacement, it is recommended 

to replace both to allow for even wear on both 

sides of the vehicle.

Tie Rod End Replacement 

1. Disconnect the tie rod end. 

2. If the cross tube is being replaced, count the number 

of exposed threads on the tie rod end. 

3. Loosen the clamp nut and unscrew the tie rod end. 

4. Install new tie rod ends or new cross tube. 

Note: Cross tube has right-hand and left-hand threads for 

corresponding sides of the vehicle. 

5. Thread tie rod end into cross tube past the tube split. 

The number of threads exposed from the tube 

should be equal on both left and right tie rod ends. 

CORRECT 

The threaded portions of both 

tie rod ends must be completely 


Equal threads exposed on 

left and right tie rod ends 

INCORRECT 

Threaded end is not completely 


6. For E and I straight socket tie rod ends, tighten the 

clamp nut to 45-60 ft. lbs. (61-81N m). Make sure 

the tab on the clamp holds the end of the cross tube. 

Straight Socket Tie Rod Ends 

D, E, & I Series 45-60 ft.lbs. (61-81 N•m) 

7. For drop socket tie rod ends, tighten as follows: 

Tie Rod End Replacement 

Drop Socket Tie Rod Ends 

I-120SG, I-140SG, I-132SG, 

E-1462I 

E-1460I, E-1320W, E-1322W 

E-1460W, E-1462W 

I-200SG, I-200W, I-220W, 

I-160W, I-180W 

8. Install tie rod end into knuckle tie rod arm. Secure 

with slotted nut and tighten to 120-160 ft. lbs. (163- 

217 N m). 

9. Install the cotter pin in the slotted nut and bend the 

ends to secure. If necessary, tighten the nut until the 

holes align. 

10. Adjust toe-in. 

55-70 ft. lbs. 

(75-95 N m) 

80-90 ft. lbs. 

(108-122 N m) 

150-180 ft. lbs. 

(203-244 N m) 

D-2000F, D2200F 150-180 ft. lbs. 

(203-244 N m) 

1 

1 - Tie rod arm 

2 - Tie rod end 

3 - Slotted nut 

4 - Cotter pin 

5 - Position clamp fastener away from beam 

Note: On tie rods with rotating clamp, position clamp with 

fastener away from beam. 

2 

4 

3 

5 

11 

Tie Rod End Replacement

Alignment / Adjustment 

Wheel Alignment 

Correct wheel alignment promotes longer tire wear and ease 

of handling while minimizing strain on the steering system 

and axle components. Use vehicle manufacturer’s instructions 

to inspect wheel alignment. 

Note: Total vehicle alignment is recommended when aligning 

the steer axle. 

Camber 

Camber is the vertical tilt of the wheel as viewed from the 

front of the vehicle. This is machined in at time of manufacture 

and is not adjustable. 

“Positive” camber is an outward tilt of the wheel at the top. 

1 - Positive camber 

2 - Vertical center line 

Camber for E-1000I, E-1000W, E-1200I, E-1200W, 

E-1201W, E-1320I, E-1320W, E-1460I, E-1460W 

Left 

Right 

12 

1 

2 


“Negative” camber is an inward tilt of the wheel at the top. 

1 


2 - Negative camber 

On Bench Unloaded 

(8000 lbs.) 

1/ 

2° 

( + / -7/ 

16° 

) 

1/ 

4° 

( + / -7/ 

16° 

) 

Spicer expressly prohibits bending of axle beams (hot or 

cold) to change camber or for any other purpose. Welding 

or machining on any axle component is prohibited 

unless noted otherwise in this document or other Spicer 

service literature. 

3/ 

16° 

( + / -7/ 

16° 

) 

-1/ 

16° 

( + / -7/ 

16° 

) 

2 

CAUTION 

Loaded 

0° 

( + / -7/ 

16° 

) 

-1/ 

4° 

( + / -7/ 

16° 

)

Camber for E-1002I, E-1002W, E-1202I, E-1202W, E-1203I 

E-1322I, E-1322W, E-1462I, E-1462W 

Camber for EFA-12F3, EFA-12F4, EFA-13F3, EFA-13F5 

Camber for EFA-18F3, EFA-20F4 

Camber for EFA-22T, EFA-24T 

Camber for I-60SG, I-80SG 



(8000 lbs.) 

Loaded 

Left 5/8° (+/-7/16°) 1/4° (+/-7/16°) +1/8° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 3/8° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) -1/8° (+/-7/16°) 


(8000 lbs.) 

Loaded 

Left 3/4° (+/-7/16°) 7/16° (+/-7/16°) 1/4° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 1/4° (+/-7/16°) -1/16° (+/-7/16°) -1/4° (+/-7/16°) 


(10,000 lbs.) 

Loaded 

Left 3/4° (+/-7/16°) 1/2° (+/-7/16°) 1/4° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 1/4° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) -1/4° (+/-7/16°) 


(12,000 lbs.) 

Loaded 

Left 1/2° (+/-7/16°) 1/4° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 1/2° (+/-7/16°) 1/4° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) 


(8,000 lbs.) 

Loaded 

Left 3/4° (+/-7/16°) 3/8° (+/-7/16°) 1/4° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 1/2° (+/-7/16°) 1/8° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) 

13 

Alignment / Adjustment

Camber for D-600N, D-700F, D-700N, D-800F, D- 

800W 

Camber for I-100SG, I-120SG, I-130SG, I-132SG, 

I-140SG, I-146SG, I-160SG, I-180SG, I-200SG prior to 

Oct. 2001 

Camber for I-100SG, I-120SG, I-140SG, I-146SG, 

I-160SG, I-180SG, I-200SG after Oct. 2001 

Camber for I-100NGV, I-120NGV, I-140NGV prior to 

Oct. 2001 

Camber for I-100NGV, I-120NGV, I-140NGV after Oct. 

2001 

14 



(8,000 lbs.) 

Loaded 

Left 5/8° (+/-7/16°) 1/4° (+/-7/16°) +1/8° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 3/8° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) -1/8° (+/-7/16°) 


(8,000 lbs.) 

Loaded 

Left 1/4° (+/-7/16°) -1/8° (+/-7/16°) -1/4° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 1/4° (+/-7/16°) -1/8° (+/-7/16°) -1/4° (+/-7/16°) 


(8,000 lbs.) 

Loaded 

Left 5/8° (+/-7/16°) 1/4° (+/-7/16°) +1/8° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 3/8° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) -1/8° (+/-7/16°) 

On Bench Unloaded Loaded 

Left 1/4° (+/-7/16°) -1/8° (+/-7/16°) -1/4° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 1/4° (+/-7/16°) -1/8° (+/-7/16°) -1/4° (+/-7/16°) 


Left 5/8° (+/-7/16°) 1/4° (+/-7/16°) +1/8° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 3/8° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) -1/8° (+/-7/16°)

Camber for I-100W, I-120W, I-130W, I-140W, I-160W, 

I-180W, I-200W, I-220W 

Camber for D-2000F (5” Drop) 

Chamber for D-2000F 

Chamber for D-2200F 



Left 5/8° (+/-7/16°) 1/4° (+/-7/16°) +1/8° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 3/8° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) -1/8° (+/-7/16°) 

On Bench Unloaded (10,000 lbs) Loaded 

Left 1/4° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) -3/16° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 1/4° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) -3/16° (+/-7/16°) 


Left 5/8° (+/-7/16°) 13/32° (+/-7/16°) 1/8° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 3/8° (+/-7/16°) 5/32° (+/-7/16°) 0° (+/-7/16°) 


Left 5/8° (+/-7/16°) 13/32° (+/-7/16°) 1/8° (+/-7/16°) 

Right 3/8° (+/-7/16°) 5/32° (+/-7/16°) -1/16° (+/-7/16°) 

15 


Caster Adjustment 

Caster is the fore and aft tilt (toward front or rear of vehicle) of 

the steering kingpin as viewed from the side of the vehicle. 

“Positive” caster is the tilt of the top of the kingpin toward the 

rear of the vehicle. 


2 - Kingpin center line 

3 - Front of truck 

4 - Rear of truck 

“Negative” caster is the tilt of the top of the kingpin toward the 

front of the vehicle. 

16 

3 

3 

1 

1 

1 - Kingpin center line 


3 - Front of truck 

4 - Rear of truck 

2 

2 

4 

4 


Also Reference RP 642, Guidelines for Total Vehicle Alignment 

published by the Truck Maintenance Council. 

A caster angle more positive than specified may result in 

excessive steering effort and/or shimmy. An angle less positive 

may result in vehicle wander or poor steering return to 

center. Caster angle is determined by the installed position of 

the steer axle. 

Caster is adjusted by adding or removing taper wedges 

between the springs and axle beam mounting pad. 

The caster angle is generally more positive with power steering, 

since the power-assist overcomes excessive steering 

effort. This enables the vehicle to exhibit maximum straight 

ahead steering stability (common range for power steering 

units is +2° to +4°). 

OEM 

Refer to OEM vehicle specifications. 

Note: Adjust caster to vehicle manufacturer specifications. 

CAUTION 

Spicer expressly prohibits twisting of axle beam for 

caster adjustment or any straightening purposes. 

Note: Changing the torquing sequence on U-bolts may result 

in slight changes in caster.

Toe Setting 

1. Use a work bay with a level floor. 

2. Drive the vehicle into bay slowly and straight ahead. 

Try to roll to a stop without the use of brakes. 

3. Chock the rear wheels. 

4. Place a 5" (127 mm) long piece of masking tape parallel 

to the center tread rib on the rear of both tires, 

half way up the tire height. 

5. Position a trammel bar behind the front tires. The 

pointers should be raised/lowered until they are at 

the hub’s centerline height. 

6. With the trammel bar pointers at the hub’s centerline 

height, place the pointers at the outside edges of the 

masking tape and secure the pointer set screws. 

7. Mark the location of one of the pointers with a simple 

horizontal mark on the masking tape. 

8. Remove the trammel bars from behind the wheels. 

9. Roll the truck forward until the mark on the tape 

travels 180-degrees. 


10. Position the trammel bar at the front of the tires. 

Position the pointer to the edge of the tape on the 

side that has the horizontal mark. The pointer and 

the mark should be at the same height. 

11. Measure the toe between the pointer and the edge of 

the tape on the opposite tire to get the total toe measurement. 

Note: Toe-in specification is 1/16” (1.587 mm) for unloaded 

vehicles. This applies to a tractor (less trailer) or straight 

truck with no load. 

12. If the toe measurement is incorrect, loosen the tube 

clamp and bolt on the end of each of the cross tubes. 

Turn the cross tubes until the specified distance is 

reached. 

13. Make sure the threaded portion of the tie ends are 

inserted completely and are visible in the complete 

cross tube slot. Tighten the bolt and nut on the ends 

of the cross tube to the specified torque. 

14. Check the toe settings again. 

Also Reference RP 642, Guidelines for Total Vehicle Alignment 

published by the Truck Maintenance Council. 

Front of vehicle 

A 

Toe-In 

Distance at front of tire is less 

than distance at rear of tire 

A 

Toe-Out 

Distance at front of tire is greater 

than distance at rear of tire 

B 

B 

17 


Steering Stop Adjustment 

18 

1. Check vehicle manufacturer’s manual to determine 

correct steering stop angle. 

2. Check steering angle with alignment turntable set. 

3. If adjustment is required, loosen jam nut and turn 

stop screw as necessary. See options A and B. 

Option A: 

5 

1 

2 

1 - Front of vehicle 


3 - Axle beam 

4 - Steering stop adjustment (both ends of axle) 

5 - Degree of steering angle 

1 - Jam nut (90-120 lbs. ft. [122-163N•m]) 

2 - Stop screw 

4 

Note: Options for E-1203I and E-1462I are as follows. 

1 

3 

2 


Option B: 

1 - Extension 

2 - Jam nut (30-45 lbs. ft. [41-61 N m] 

3 - Stop screw 

4. After adjustment, tighten stop screw jam nut to: 

Option A: 90-120 lbs. ft. (122-163 N m). 

Option B: 30-45 lbs. ft. (41-61 N m) 

Note: Refer to OEM vehicle specifications. 

OEM 

Note: Adjust power steering unit so that power 

assist stops approximately 3° or 1/8” (3.175 

mm) before touching the stop screws. Follow 

vehicle manufacture recommendations when 

making this adjustment. 

Steering gear must be functioning properly or steering linkage 

damage may occur. Poppet relief must be checked after 

adjusting stop screw setting. 

1 

CAUTION 

2 3

Disassembly, Overhaul, and Assembly 

Steering Knuckle Disassembly 

Preparation 

1. Set parking brake and block drive wheels to prevent 

vehicle movement. 

2. Raise vehicle until steer axle tires are off the ground. 

Support raised vehicle with safety stands. 

Never work under a vehicle supported by only a jack. 

Always use safety stands. 

Procedure 

1. Loosen the slack adjuster to return brake shoes to 

the released position and clear drum. 

2. Remove hub cap, cotter pin, nut, washer, and outer 

bearing cone assembly. 

3. Remove wheel and hub assembly. 

4. Disconnect air or hydraulic line from the brake 

assembly. 

Note: Plug or cap line to prevent brake system contamination. 

5. Remove brake assembly. 

6. Remove cotter pin and slotted nut. 

1 

WARNING 

2 

4 



3 - Slotted nut 


5 - Position clamp fastener away from beam 

Disassembly, Overhaul, and 

Assembly 

3 

5 

7. Disconnect tie rod end from tie rod arm using a suitable 

tool such as a pickle fork. 



3 - Pickle fork 

Note: If boot is torn during removal, tie rod end must be 

replaced. 

Do not use heat on any axle parts or fasteners. 

8. Disconnect drag link from steering arm by removing 

cotter pin and slotted nut. 

9. Remove top and bottom knuckle caps. 

10. Single draw key. Remove nut from draw key, then 

drive key out using a brass hammer and drift. 

1 - Single draw key 

2 - Brass drift 

CAUTION 

3 

1 

1 

2 

2 

19 

Disassembly, Overhaul, 

and Assembly

20 

11. Dual draw keys. Remove both draw key nuts. Then 

drive key out using a brass hammer and drift. 

12. Drive kingpin out with a brass hammer and drift. 

1 - Brass hammer 

2 - Drift 

13. Remove steering knuckle from axle beam. 

Never strike hardened metal parts with a steel hammer or 

tool. 

Cleaning 

After disassembly and before attempting inspection, clean 

parts as follows: 

1. Steel parts with ground or polished surfaces. 

Wash in suitable cleaning solvent. 

Rinse thoroughly to remove cleaning solution. 

Dry parts with clean rags. 

2. Clean castings, forgings and other rough-surface 

parts. 

Wire brush or steam-clean areas that are susceptible 

to accumulation of mud, road dirt, salt. 

Gasoline is not an acceptable cleaning solvent because of 

its extreme combustibility. It is unsafe in the workshop 

environment. 

Kingpin Bushing and Seal Replacement 

Removal 

WARNING 

WARNING 

1. Remove grease seals from knuckle arms using suitable 

tool. 

2 


Assembly 

1 

Remove Kingpin Bushings 

2. Drive bushings out of knuckles using suitable piloted 

drift. 

1 - Pilot 

2 - Drift 


3. Remove all foreign material from kingpin bore of 

steering knuckle and axle beam bore. 

4. Wire brush machined surfaces taking care not to 

damage them. Clean kingpin bores. 

1 - Clean all machined surfaces 

1 

During removal and installation procedures, never use 

steel hammer or tool to strike hardened metal parts. 

1 

3 

WARNING 

2

Bushing Installation 

5. Lightly lubricate outside diameter of bushings to 

ease installation. 

6. Hand start bushing in bore. 

2 

Note: When installing kingpin bushings, position seam in 

areas marked “X”. 

Bushing Seam 

Locate in Either 

Area Marked "X" 

1 

7. Drive bushings in until they are located as shown. 

X 

90˚ 

X 


Assembly 

Use same method to install both upper and lower 

bushings. 

See Bushing Depth Chart 

(Top) 

See Bushing Depth Chart 

(Bottom) 

Bushing Depth Chart 

D-600N, D-700F, D-700N, 

D-800F, D-800W 

Bushing Depth 

.17" (4.3 mm) Top 

.56" (14.2 mm) Bottom 

D-2000F, D2200F .55" (14.0 mm) 

E-1000I, E-1002I, E-1200I, .55" (14.0 mm) 

E-1202I, E-1320I, E-1322I, 

E-1201I, E-1203I 

E-1000W, E-1200W 

E-1320W, E-1460I, E-1002W, 

E-1202W, E-1322W, 

E-1462I, E-1460W, 

E-1462W 

.55" (14.0 mm) 

EFA Family .25" (6.4 mm) 

I-100W, I-120W, I-140W, 

I-160W, I-180W, I-200W, 

I-220W, I-130W 

I-130SG, I-132SG, I-140SG, 

I-160SG, I-180SG, I-1200SG 

.20" (5.1 mm) Top 

.20" (5.1 mm) Bottom 

.20" (5.1 mm) Top 

.20" (5.1 mm) Bottom 

I-60SG, I-80SG .17" (4.3 mm) Top 

.34" (8.6 mm) Bottom 

I-100SG, I-100SGL, I-120SG, 

I-120SGL 

Recess 

Grease Seals 

.060" (1.52 mm) From 

Knuckle Surface 

Bushing 

Bushing 

.40” (10.2 mm) Top 

1.12” (28.4 mm) Bottom 

21 


and Assembly

Note: Some Spicer kingpin bushings require reaming 

after installation. Read the instruction sheet included 

with the service kit or bushings BEFORE beginning 

installation. For dimensions of bushings requiring reaming, 

refer to the Kingpin Bushing Specifications chart 

shown in the Appendix. 

22 

8. Ream bushings to proper size using appropriate 

Kent-Moore tool (or equivalent). 

9. Install new seal, using suitable pilot drift or similar 

device that will not damage seal as it is installed. 

.060" 

(1.52 mm) 

Install 

Top Seal 

Lip Down 

.060" (1.52 mm) 

Install 

Bottom 

Seal 

Lip Up 

When installing grease seal, be sure lip is pointing toward 

center of knuckle. This is essential for correct seal operation. 

Lip 

CAUTION 


Assembly

Steering Knuckle Assembly 

Note: Always replace kingpin, thrust bearing and bushings if 

any component is faulty. 

1. Before installing the kingpins, lubricate inside of 

bushing and outside of kingpins with Fleetrite EP2 

Moly Grease or equivalent NLGI No. 2 multipurpose 

lithium grease to provide initial lubrication. 

2. Make certain that kingpin hole in axle center is clean 

and dry. 

3. There may be two styles of thrust bearings. One type 

is installed on thrust bearing with seal on top, as 

show in the following figure. Position and support 

the steering knuckle assembly on the axle end. 

1 - Seal cap 

2 - Thrust bearing 

4. The second style thrust bearing is a one piece design 

with seal LIP installed TOWARDS the bottom of the 

knuckles as show in the following figure. 

5. Slide the thrust bearing between the lower face of 

axle center and lower steering knuckle yoke. 


2 - Thrust bearing 

3 - Axle beam 

3 

2 

1 


Assembly 

2 

1 

6. Align the steering knuckle yoke holes with axle and 

thrust bearing holes. 

7. Pre-adjust knuckle vertical play by wedging the 

steering knuckle up and filling the gap at the top side 

of the knuckle with shim(s). 

1 - Install shim(s) as needed 

2 - Shim only top of knuckle 

Note: Floor jack can be used to wedge up steering knuckle. 

8. Install kingpin from the top with notch and draw key 

hole aligned. Hand start pin in bushing. 

1 - Kingpin 


2 

1 

Never shim on the bottom side of the beam. 

1 

CAUTION 

2 

23 


and Assembly

24 

9. Install kingpin in knuckle and axle beam. Tap kingpin 

in place using hammer and brass drift if necessary. 

1 - Kingpin 

2 - Protect with shim stock 

Protect kingpins with a suitable material such as shim 

stock. 

Note: At this point in reassembly, check knuckle vertical play 

and adjust if necessary. 

10. Center steering components. 

11. Mount dial indicator to steer beam and reference top 

of the knuckle. Zero dial indicator. 



3 - Pry bar 


2 

2 

CAUTION 

1 

4 

1 


Assembly 

3 

12. Simulate axle loading with a jack and note dial indicator 

reading. 


2 - Jack 

Note: Floor jack can be used to wedge up steering knuckle. 

13. Knuckle vertical play should be .002” -.012” 

(.051 -.305 mm). Add or remove shims as necessary 

to obtain correct end play. Center shims to prevent 

damage during assembly. 

14. When vertical play adjustment is correct, align draw 

key opening and pin flat alignment. 

4 

Simulate axle 

loading with 

a jack 

3 

1 - Kingpin notch 

2 - Kingpin 

3 - Steer knuckle 


5 - Dual draw keys 

2 

Correct 

15. Install new draw key. For information about installing 

dual draw keys, see Installing Dual Draw Keys. 

5 

1 

2 

Incorrect 

1

16. Seat draw key with a hammer and punch. 

1 - Draw key 

2 - Brass hammer 

17. Install draw key nut and tighten. Refer to torque 

charts in Appendix. 

1 - Draw key nut 

18. Ensure draw key is fully seated by repeating step 16 

and 17. Recheck draw key nut torque. 

19. Install kingpin caps. Tighten caps. Refer to torque 

charts in Appendix. 

Note: Tighten nut to range minimum in steps 17 and 19, then 

tighten just enough to align cotter pin hole. 

20. Attach drag link to steering arm. Install and torque 

nut to vehicle manufacturer recommended torque. 

21. Install cotter pin. 

1 

1 

2 


Assembly 

22. Attach tie rod end to tie rod arm on knuckle. Install 

nut and tighten. Refer to torque charts in Appendix. 

23. Install cotter pin. 

24. Grease all kingpin and tie rod assemblies. 

25 


and Assembly

Replacing Staked Draw Keys with 

Threaded 

I-100SA and Up 

Threaded draw keys on axle codes I-100SA and up will 

replace staked draw keys as follows: 

26 

1. Install top draw key with the threaded end of key to 

front of axle as shown. 

1 - Belleville washers 

2 - Top draw key 

3 - Bottom draw key 

2. To seat the draw key, strike the unthreaded end of 

key with the drift and a hammer. 

3. Install Belleville washers as shown in the previous 

illustration. 

4. Install nut and tighten as specified in the torque 

chart in the Appendix. 

5. Install bottom draw key with threaded end to rear of 

axle. 

6. Repeat steps 2, 3, and 4 to finish installation of bottom 

draw key. 

1 

2 

3 


Assembly 

I-60SG and I-80SG 

Axles coded I-60SG and I-80SG have one threaded and one 

staked draw key. 

For the staked keys the large end should seat flush to .060 

inch (0.0 to 1.52 mm) recessed after being driven into place, 

as shown in the following figure. Draw keys must be driven 

into axle from opposite sides. 

1 - I-beam axle 

2 - Threaded draw key 

3 - Staked draw key 

4 - Kingpin 

Note: Draw keys must be installed, one from each side of the 

axle. Do not install both pins from the same side of the 

axle. 

4 

3 

2 

4 

1 

1 

3 

Front 

Front

E-14621 

1. Align the draw key opening and the pin flat alignment. 

4 

3 

1 - Kingpin notch 

2 - Kingpin 

3 - Steer knuckle 


5 - Dual draw keys 

2. Install new draw key. 

Note: Draw keys must be installed from one side of the axle. 

Do not install pin on either side on the axle 

3. Seat draw key with a hammer and punch. 

4. Install draw key spring washers as shown. 

5. Install draw key nut and tighten as specified in the 

torque chart in the Appendix. 

6. Ensure that draw key is fully seated by reseating with 

a hammer and punch. 

7. Recheck draw key nut torque. 

2 

5 

Correct 

Incorrect 


Assembly 

1 

Installing Dual Draw Keys 

I-Series 

1. Before staking the tapered draw keys, position kingpin 

vertically so it will not contact either the upper or 

lower caps. 

2. Stake beam material adjacent to each key in three 

places to lock key into place. 

3 

1 - Staked draw key 

2 - Threaded draw key 

3 - Front 

1 

2 

3. Install kingpin caps and O-ring. Tighten cap bolts to 

specified value in the torque chart in the Appendix. 

4. To make sure the kingpins will accept lubricant, 

lubricate upper and lower kingpin bushings through 

the cap grease fittings. If problems arise, you will not 

have to remove the brakes again to make repairs. 

5. Reinstall tie rod ends into the steering arms and 

tighten the nuts to the specified value in the torque 

chart. Then install the cotter pin. Refer to the Tie Rod 

section for replacement of tie rod ends. 

27 


and Assembly

General Specifications 

Wheel Bearing Adjustment 

End-play .001”-.005” (.025-.125 mm) 

(See Wheel Bearing Adjustment for adjustment procedure). 

Wheel Alignment 

(See vehicle manufacturer for specifications). 

Kingpin Clearance – New 

Vertical –.002”-.012” (.051-.305 mm) 

(See Steering Knuckle Assembly.) 

28 


Kingpin Clearance – In Service 

Vertical – .040” max. (1.016 mm) 

(See Component Inspection.) 

Lateral –.015” max. (.381 mm) 

(See Bushing Inspection.) 

Note: Correct tightening torque values are extremely important 

to assure long axle life and dependable performance. 

Under-tightening of attaching parts is just as 

harmful as over-tightening. 

Note: Exact compliance with recommended torque values will 

assure the best results. 

Note: Some applications use 5/8-18-UNF for this fastener. 

The same torque values apply. 

Bolt head markings for 

grade indentification 

Grade 5 Grade 8 

Kingpin Bushing Specifications 

The chart below should be used if installing kingpin bushings that require reaming. Read instruction sheet included with the service 

kit or bushing BEFORE installing them. 

SPICER 

MODEL 

Kingpin 

Bushing 

Diameter I.D. 

Kingpin 

Diameter 

I-Beam Bore 

Diameter 

E-1000I 

E-1200I 

E-1203I 

E-1320I 

in. 

(mm) 

1.7960-1.7950 

(45.618-45.593) 

1.7937-1.7935 

(45.560-45.555) 

1.7959-1.7945 

(45.616-45.580) 

E-1460I 

E-1202I 

E-1322I 

E-1462I 

EFA-18F3 

EFA-20F4 

in. 

(mm) 

1.8750-1.8740 

(47.625-47.600) 

1.8729-1.8725 

(47.572-47.562) 

1.8749-1.8735 

(47.623-47.587) 

EFA-12F4 

EFA-13F5 

in. 

(mm) 

1.6275-1.6265 

(41.339-41.313) 

1.6255-1.6250 

(41.288-41.275) 

1.6270-1.6260 

(41.326-41.300) 

I-60SG 

I-80SG 

D-600N 

D-700F 

D-700N 

D-800F 

D-800W 

in. 

(mm) 

1.3600-1.3615 

(34.544-34.582) 

1.3587-1.3592 

(34.511-34.524) 

1.3597-1.3607 

(34.536-34.562) 

I-100SA/SG 

I-120SA/SG 

I-130SG 

I-130W 

I-140SA/SG 

I-146SA/SG 

in. 

(mm) 

1.8608-1.8652 

(47.264-47.376) 

1.8595-1.8600 

(47.231-47.244) 

1.8608-1.8622 

(47.264-47.300) 

I-160SG 

I-180SG 

I-200SG 

D-2000F 

D-2200F 

in. 

(mm) 

2.0470-2.0514 

(51.994-52.105) 

2.0457-2.0462 

(51.973-51.986) 

2.0470-2.0480 

(51.994-52.019)

E Family Fastener Torque Specifications 

EFA Family Fastener Torque Specifications 

Note: Torque nut to the range minimum, then tighten further 

to align cotter pin hole. Check torque to make sure it 

does not exceed range maximum. If it does, use a new 

nut. 


Description Fastener Torques 

lbs. ft. (N m) 

Socket Size 

Nut, Draw Key (Single) 1/2-20-UNF-2B 30-45 (41-61) 3/4” 6 point 

Nut, Draw Key (Dual) 3/8-16-UNC-2A 24-36 (33-49) 9/16” 6 point 

Stop Screw 5/8-18-UNF-2A — 5/8” open end wrench 

Jam Nut, Stop Screw 5/8-18-UNF-3B 90-120 (122-163) 15/16” open end wrench 

Nut, Slotted 7/8-14-UNF-2B 120-160 (163-217) 15/16” 6 point 

Bolt, Tie Rod Clamp 5/8-11-UNC-2A* 45-60 (61-81)** 15/16” 6 point 

Cap, Knuckle 2.375-16-UNF-2A 50-75 (68-102) 15/16” 6 point 

Nut, Outer Spindle 1.5-18-UNEF-2B 100-150 (135-203) 2 1/4” 6 point 

Nut, Inner Spindle 1.5-18-UNEF-2B see wheel bearing adjustment 2 5/8” 6 point 

Nut, Pro-Torque Spindle 1.5-18-UNEF-2B see wheel bearing adjustment 2 1/2” 6 point 



Knuckle Capscrew 22-28 (30-38) 

Steering and Ackermann 

Arm Nuts - 12F, 13F Axle 

350-490* (475-664) 

Steering and Ackermann 

Arm Nuts - 18F, 20F, 22T, 

24T Axle 

775-1050* (1051-1424) 

Wheel Bearing Adjustment see wheel bearing adjustment 

Tie Rod End Nut 165-230* (224-312) 

Steering Arm Ball Stud Nut 165-230* (224-312) 

Draw Key Nut 30-45 (41-61) 

Cross Tube Clamp Screw Nut 90-120 (122-163) 

Socket Size 

29 

General Specifications

I and D Family Fastener Torque Specifications 

Note 1: Cotter pin cannot be installed after minimum torque is 

attained, the nut must be advanced until the cotter pin can be 

installed. Torque specified is for taper and threads which are 

clean and oil free. 

Note 2: Torque to specifications. Tap unthreaded end of draw 

key sharply with a hammer, and re-torque draw key nut to 

specifications. 

Note 3: Drop tie rod ends: I-120SG and I-140SG = 55-70 lbs. 

ft. [75-95 N m] 

I-200SG/I-200W/I-220W = 150-180 lbs. ft. [203-244 N m] 

D2000 Family Fastener Torque Specifications 

30 




Tie Rod End Nut 

(Note 1) 

Tie Rod Clamp Bolt 

(Note 3) 

Steering Arm Nut & Tie Rod 

Arm Nut (Note 1) 

120-160 (160-218) 

45-60 (61-81) 

450-650 (610-881) 

775-1200 (1050-1625) 

Kingpin Draw Key Nut (Note 2) 25-31 (34-42) 

Kingpin Cap Bolts 17-25 (23-34) 



Tie Rod End Nut 

(Note 1) 

120-160 (160-218) 

Tie Rod Clamp Bolt Straight: 45-60 (61-81) 

Drop: 150-180 (203-244) 

Steering Arm Nut & Tie Rod 

Arm Nut 

775-1200 (1050-1625) 

Kingpin Draw Key Nut 24-36 (32.5-49) 

Kingpin Cap Bolts 65-80 (88-108) 

Socket Size 

Socket Size


Proper wheel bearing adjustment maximizes wheel bearing 

and seal life. Proper adjustment can also extend brake lining 

life by preventing lining contamination caused by seal leaks. 

1. Inspect the spindle threads and spindle nuts for corrosion 

and clean thoroughly or replace as required. 

Note: Proper assembly and adjustment is not possible if the 

spindle threads or adjusting nuts are corroded. 

2. Pre-lubricate all bearings. 

3. Install the inner bearing into the hub and install the 

wheel seal. 

4. If grease lubricant is used, fill the hub cavity with the 

appropriate lubricant. 

5. Install the hub on the spindle with care, to prevent 

damage or distortion to the wheel seal. 

Never mix grease and oil lubricants. 

6. Install: 

• The outer bearing on the spindle. 

• The inner spindle nut onto the spindle. 

7. Seat the bearings by tightening the inner nut to 

200 lbs. ft. (135 N•m) while rotating the hub. 

1 

1 - Retainer washer 

2 - Locking spindle washer 

3 - Inner spindle nut 

4 - Steering knuckle spindle 

5 - Dowel pin 

6 - Outer spindle nut 

6 

2 

CAUTION 

3 

5 

4 


8. Loosen the inner nut one full turn. 

9. Re-tighten the inner nut to 50 lbs. ft. (68 N•m) while 

rotating the hub. 

10. Again loosen the inner nut one third turn (to one half 

turn maximum–three to five hub studs for a ten stud 

pattern). 

11. Install the locking spindle washer. 

Note: If the dowel pin and washer are not aligned, remove 

washer, turn it over and re-install. If required, loosen the 

inner nut just enough for alignment. 

CAUTION 

Never tighten inner nut to align dowel pin hole. This can 

pre-load the bearing and cause premature bearing failure. 

12. Install: 

• The retainer washer. 

• The outer spindle nut. 

13. Tighten the outer nut to 200±50 lbs. ft. (271-407 

N•m). 

14. Secure outer nut by bending the retainer washer 

over one flat hex on the outer spindle nut. 

15. Verify that the wheel end play is between .001" and 

.005" (.025 and .125 mm) using a dial indicator. If 

reading does not fall within this range, repeat this 

procedure. 

16. Attach hub cap. 

17. If oil lubricant is used, fill the hub cavity with the 

appropriate lubricant. Install oil fill plug and tighten 

to specified torque. 

CAUTION 


Note: For steer axles with Spicer in axle speed sensors, 

see AXSM-0034 for service and adjustment. 

31 

Wheel Bearing Adjustment

Stamped Locking Nut System 

Proper wheel bearing adjustment maximizes wheel bearing 

and seal life. Proper adjustment can also extend brake lining 

life by preventing lining contamination caused by seal leaks. 

32 

1. Inspect the spindle threads and spindle nut for corrosion 




wheel seal. 






6. Install the outer bearing on the spindle. 

7. Install the retaining washer and adjusting nut. 

8. Seat the bearing by tightening the adjusting nut to 

100 lbs. ft. (135 N m). 

2 

CAUTION 

1 - Stamped locking nut 


3 - Jam nut or Adjusting nut 

4 - D-flat retaining washer 

1 

3 

9. Loosen the adjusting nut one half turn. 

10. Re-tighten the adjusting nut to 50 lbs. ft. (68 N m) 

while rotating the hub. 

11. Back off the adjusting nut 1/8 turn. 

4 


12. Install the stamped locking nut. 

CAUTION 

Never tighten the adjusting nut to align the cotter pin slot. 

This can pre-load the bearings and cause a premature bearing 

failure. 

13. Verify that the wheel end play is between .001” and 

.005” (.025 and .125mm) using a dial indicator. If 

reading does not fall within the range, repeat this 

procedure. 

14. Install the cotter pin and bend legs around the 

stamped locking nut. 

1 

1 - Bend cotter pin legs 

15. Attach the hub cap. 

16. If oil lubricant is used, fill the hub cap cavity with the 

appropriate lube. Install oil fill plug and tighten to 

specified torque.

Single Nut (Castle Nut) Locking System 

1. Inspect the spindle threads and spindle nut for corrosion 


Note: Proper assembly and adjustment is not possible if the 

threads or adjusting nut are corroded. 



wheel seal. 






6. Install the retaining washer. 

7. Install castle nut. Seat the bearing by tightening the 

nut to 200 lbs. ft. while rotating the hub. 

8. Back off the adjusting nut 1/2 turn. 

9. Retighten the nut to 50 lbs. ft. 

10. Back off the adjusting nut 1/8th turn. 

11. Install cotter pin. If cotter pin hole is not lined-up, 

loosen nut to first locking position. 

12. Check endplay for .001” - .005”. 

13. Bend cotter pin legs to secure. 

3 

2 

1 

CAUTION 


2 - Washer, retaining 

3 - Castle nut 


33 


Pro-Torq Spindle Nut Service 

Removing Pro-Torq Spindle Nut 

34 

CAUTION 

Do not attach, loosen, or tighten the Pro-Torq spindle nut 

with the keeper ring in place. The keeper ring is a locking 

device and must be removed before any adjustment of the 

nut. 


WARNING 

Care must be taken when removing the keeper ring from the 

spindle nut due to the spring like properties of the ring. Use 

appropriate eye protection and shielding when servicing 

this part. 

To remove Pro-Torq spindle nut, first remove the keeper ring. 

Use a screwdriver-like device to carefully pry the keeper ring 

from the undercut groove on either side of the spindle nut 

until the keeper ring is released.

Installing Pro-Torq Spindle Nut 

Install spindle nut as follows: 

1. Remove the keeper ring from the nut as described in 

the Removing Pro-Torq Spindle Nut section. 

CAUTION 

Do not attach, loosen, or tighten the Pro-Torq spindle nut 

with the keeper ring in place. The keeper ring is a locking 

device and must be removed before any adjustment of the 

nut. 

WARNING 

Care must be taken when removing the keeper ring from the 

spindle nut due to the spring-like properties of the ring. Use 

appropriate eye protection and shielding when servicing 

this part. 

2. To seat the steer axle bearing, thread the Pro-Torq 

nut onto the axle spindle. While rotating the wheel, 

torque the nut to 150 lbs. ft. (204 N m). 

3. After seating the bearing, back the nut off one full 

turn. 


4. To achieve the proper end play, re-thread the Pro- 

Torq nut until hand tight. Torque to 75 lbs. ft. (102 

N m). 

5. Back nut off 1/3 turn, or one raised face mark on 

surface of the Pro-Torq nut. Wheel should turn 

freely. 

6. Check end play using a dial indicator. End-play 

should be within .001" – .003" (.025 –.076 mm). 

CAUTION 

After seating bearing at 150 lbs. ft. (204 N m), Pro-Torq 

spindle nut must be backed off. Failure to back off the nut 

will cause the bearing to run hot and fail prematurely or to 

be damaged. The final adjustment of 75 lbs. ft. (102 N m) 

of adjusting torque with a 1/3 turn back off will ensure the 

necessary .001" – .003"(.025 –.076 mm) end-play. 

7. Insert the keeper ring into the undercut groove of the 

spindle nut as shown. 

8. Engage the mating teeth of the keeper and the nut. 

9. Compress and insert the keeper arms one at a time 

into the undercut groove of the nut. 

10. Position the keeper ring as required to align teeth. 

11. Do not turn the spindle nut to align teeth. 

35 


Special Service Tools 

Special service tools are available from the below suppliers: 

OTC DIVISION 

Service Tools 

655 Eisenhower Drive 

Owatonna, MN 55060 

Telephone: 1-800-533-0492 

Fax Number: 1-800-283-8665 

36 

Appendix 

The following is a list of tools needed to service the front axles in this manual. These tool numbers are from OTC Tool Division. 

Dana makes no warranty or representation of these tools. 

Models 

Serviced 

Description 

Tool 

Number 

Tools to service all axle models Kingpin Bushing Basic Set ZTSE 4330A 

Tools to service axle models 

Bushing Installer 

ZTSE 4330-4A 

I-60SG & I-80SG 

Seal Installer 

ZTSE 4330-44 


I-100SA/SG through I-146SA/SG 


I-160SA/SG through I-200SA/SG 





ZTSE 4330-5A 

ZTSE 4330-55 

ZTSE 4330-3A 

ZTSE 4330-33

Additional Service Information 

Additional parts and service information on these and related 

Spicer products may be found in the following publications: 

Service Manuals 

Foundation Brakes 

Parts Books 

Brake Models ES (All Models) BRIP-0065 

For the most current information visit the Dana website, 

www.dana.com. These publications may be oredered 

through the Spicer publications order system. An order 

form may be obtained by calling Dana Service Support. 

Additional Service Information 

BRSM-0033 

In Axle Speed Sensor AXSM-0034 

Steer Axles (All Models except “E” Family) AXIP-0090 

Steer Axles E-1000, E-1002, E-1200, E-1202, 

E-1320, E-1322, E-1460, and E1462 

AXIP-0075 

37 

Additional Service 

Information

Appendix 

Lubrication 

Proper lubrication practices are important in maximizing the 

service life of your steer axle assembly. 

Kingpins, Thrust Bearings and Tie Rod Ends 

On-Highway Applications - Standard 

Pressure lubricate every 6 months or 25,000 miles (40,000 

km). 

A more frequent lubrication cycle is required for axles used in 

on/off highway, refuse, or other severe service applications. 

Use heavy-duty, multipurpose lithium base (#2 grade) grease. 

Do not mix with sodium base grease. 

Note: If it is difficult to grease either the upper or lower bushing, 

try greasing the bushings with the vehicle jacked up 

and supported on axle stands to improve grease flow 

and help flush out contamination. 

Wheel Bearings 

Lubricate wheel bearings with an approved drive axle lubricant 

(oil bath) or heavy duty grease (grease packed) depending 

on the type of axle lube system. Identify the type of 

lubrication system on your vehicle before servicing wheel 

bearings. Improper lubrication can result in reduced seal life 

and potential damage to bearings and spindles. 

38 

Appendix 

Oil Bath 

Lubricate wheel end assembly with a drive axle lubricant that 

meets MIL-L-2105D specifications. Either 80W-90 mineral 

based or 75W-90 synthetic lube is acceptable. Check lubricant 

level at each greasing interval. Maintain lube level to centerline 

of axle or fill line on hub cap. Always check lube level on 

flat ground. 

CAUTION 

Do not mix lubricants of different grades. Do not mix mineral 

and synthetic lubes. Different brands of same grade 

may be mixed. Do not pack bearings with grease when 

using an oil bath system. This practice can restrict the flow 

of lubricant to the wheel seal. 

Grease Packed 

Thoroughly clean bearings, spindle, hub cap, and hub cavity. 

Parts may be washed in a suitable commercial solvent. Be 

certain parts are free of moisture or other contaminants. Refer 

to vehicle and/or wheel seal manufacturer’s recommendations 

when using grease. Fill wheel hub with grease to inside diameter 

of bearing cups. Fill hub cap. Grease bearing cones by 

forcing grease between rollers, cones, and cage. 

CAUTION 

Never mix oil bath and grease packed wheel ends. 

LMS Bearing System 

Refer to Spicer information Bulletin ABIB-9606.

Steer Axles 

Appendix 

Type of Lube System Lubricant SAE Change Interval for 

Line Haul 

King Pin Joint Grease / 

Tie Rod Ends 

Steer Axle Wheel Ends 

**Do not mix with sodium base grease 

Do not use greases other than what is indicated above 

***#1 grade is used for extra cold 

Heavy-Duty Multipurpose 

Lithium Based** 

#1 Grade*** or 

#2 Grade 

25,000 miles (40,000 Km) or 

6 months 

Type of Lube System Lubricant SAE Change Interval for 

Line Haul 

Steer Axle 

Oil Bath LMS 


Oil Bath (Adjusted) 


Oil Bath (Adjusted) 


Semi-Fluid (Adjusted) 


Grease Pack 

(Adjusted) 

Synthetic SAE 75W-90 500,000 miles (800,000 Km) 

or 5 years 

Synthetic SAE 75W-140, 

SAE 50 

Mineral Base SAE 75W, 75W-90, 

75W-140, 80W- 

90, 85W-140 

Semi-Fluid Synthetic 

Grease 

Heavy-Duty Multipurpose 

Lithium Base*** 

Delo SF, Mobil 

SHC 007** 

120,000 miles (193,000 Km) 

or 1 year 

120,000 miles (193,000 Km) 

or 1 year 

120,000 miles (193,000 Km) 

or 1 year 

#2 Grade 120,000 miles (193,000 Km) 

or 1 year 

Change Interval 

for Vocational 

Every 50 hours 

Change Interval 

for Vocational 

120,000 miles (193,000 

Km) or 2 years 

60,000 miles (95,000 

Km) or 6 months 

60,000 miles (95,000 


60,000 miles (95,000 


60,000 miles (95,000 


39 

Appendix

Verify Wheel End-play Procedure 

Verify that end-play meets specification using a dial indicator. 

An indicator with .001” (.03 mm) resolution is required. 

Wheel end-play is the free movement of the tire and wheel 

assembly along the spindle axis. 

Correct end-play is .001”– .005” (.025 – .125 mm). 

1. Attach a dial indicator with its magnetic base to the 

hub or brake drum as shown below. 

2. Adjust the dial indicator so that its plunger or pointer 

is against the end of the spindle with its line of action 

approximately parallel to the axis of the spindle. 

3. Grasp the wheel assembly at the 3 o’clock and 9 

o’clock positions. Push the wheel assembly in and 

out while oscillating it to seat the bearings. Read 

bearing end-play as the total indicator movement. 

40 

CAUTION 

If end-play is not within specification, readjustment is 

required. 

Adjust End-play with Tire and Wheel Assembly 

Appendix 

Adjust End-play with Wheel Hub 

With indicator mounted at bottom, 

Push/Pull at sides of drum 

Readjust Wheel End-play Procedure 

Excessive End-play—If end-play is greater than .005” (.127 

mm), remove the outer nut and pull the lock washer away 

from the inner nut, but not off the spindle. Tighten the inner 

nut to the next alignment hole of the dowel-type washer (if 

used). Reassemble the washer and re-torque the outer nut. 

Verify end-play with a dial indicator. 

Insufficient End-play—If end-play is not present, remove the 

outer nut and pull the lock washer away from the inner nut, 

but not off the spindle. Loosen the inner nut to the next 

adjustment hole of the dowel-type washer (if used). Reassemble 

the washer and re-torque the outer nut. Verify end-play 

with a dial indicator. 

Fine Tuning the End-play—If, after performing the readjustment 

procedures, end-play is still not within the .001” – .005” 

(.025–.127 mm) range, disassemble and inspect the components. 

If parts are found to be defective, replace the defective 

parts, reassemble and repeat wheel bearing adjustment procedure. 

Verify end-play with a dial indicator.

For spec‘ing or service assistance, call 1-877-777-5360 or visit our website at www.dana.com 

Dana Commercial Vehicle Products Group 

3939 Technology Drive 

Maumee, Ohio, USA 43537 

www.dana.com 

All applications must be approved by the Application Engineering Department. Specifications and/or design are subject to change without notice or obligation. Printed in USA AXSM-0038 05/11

2011 Spicer Steer Axles Service Manual

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