gambling in alberta - Research Services - University of Lethbridge

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Ultimate Recipients Gambling profits in Alberta are typically redirected because of pre-existing agreements regarding commissions, levies, revenue disbursement, etc. More specifically: The federal government receives two types of payment from Alberta government gambling revenue. The first payment are taxes that are paid on revenue from slot machines, VLTs, ticket lotteries and electronic bingo in lieu of the usual Goods and Services Tax (GST). This tax is in addition to the GST paid on the purchase of gamblingrelated goods and services. The second source of payment is the province of Alberta’s share of the $24 million (indexed to inflation) the provinces agreed to pay the Government of Canada for its withdrawal in 1979 from offering ‘lottery schemes’. This payment is made by the Western Canada Lottery Corporation on behalf of Alberta, and is based on current population and Alberta’s share of ticket lottery sales. An 0.8% levy is collected by the Canadian Pari-Mutuel Agency on every horse racing bet that is placed. 15% of provincial government slot revenue at racetracks is immediately redirected to the racetrack and another 51.7% goes to the horse racing industry (Horse Racing Alberta). 15% of provincial government slot revenue at ‘casino events’ goes to the host charity and another 15% goes to the casino owner. 40% of slot revenue from First Nations casinos immediately goes to the First Nations Development fund to benefit First Nations communities. 15% of VLT revenue goes to the lounge/bar owner as commission. 50% to 75% of total casino table game revenue earned by charity groups goes to the host casino. Most electronic bingo and keno revenue that AGLC collects is returned to the host charity. Private lottery retailers receive a 6.5% commission from lottery ticket sales. A portion of the Alberta Lottery Fund (ALF) (averaging 21% of ALF funds) is allocated to community/charity grants. Thus, Figure 28 displays the more important figure of who the ‘ultimate recipients’ of net gambling revenue are after these distributions. This figure still shows the provincial government receiving the largest segment of gambling revenue since 1995. Since 1995 its percentage of the total has ranged from 41% to 58% (47% in 2010). Charity groups have been the second largest recipient since 1995, with their portion of the total since 1995 ranging from 22% to 32% (28% in 2010). The fluctuation in the charity sector proportion relative to the provincial government proportion is largely due to the differences in the yearly proportion of the Alberta Lottery Fund distributed in the form of charity grants. Private operators (casino owners, lounges hosting VLTs, lottery ticket retailers) have been the third largest recipient, with their portion of total gambling revenue since 1995 ranging from 13% to 22% (16% in 2010). In the past couple of years First Nations revenue has grown significantly and they now receive approximately 6% of Alberta gambling revenue. The fifth largest recipient is the horse racing 124
industry. The proportion of gambling revenue derived from horse racing has declined significantly since the 1980s (when it was as high as 21%) and now only constitutes about 2% of revenue. Finally, the federal government has always received the smallest proportion of net Alberta gambling revenue (ranging from 1 – 2%), and currently represent about 1% of the total. In general, the stability observed in the relative proportion of revenue garnered by different sectors is related to the fact that they all tend to share in the revenues from the biggest ‘money maker’ (i.e., EGMs), and they have tended to received a fixed percentage of gambling revenue as opposed to a set amount. Figure 28: Proportion of Total Net Alberta Gambling Revenue Ultimately Received by Different Sectors (in 2010 dollars). $3,000,000,000 $2,500,000,000 $2,000,000,000 $1,500,000,000 $1,000,000,000 $500,000,000 $0 1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 Horse Racing Industry Federal Government Charity Groups Provincial Government Private Operators First Nations 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 125 2010
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Plant fertilizer 2011 GAMBLING IN A
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Citation Williams, R.J., Belanger,
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AMOUNTS, ORIGINS, AND RECIPIENTS OF
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ABSTRACT At a provincial level, the
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Alberta is estimated to have 3,755,
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than empirical in nature. Thus, the
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While the above described approach
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census. A supplemental Online Gener
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THEORETICAL APPROACH PROBLEMS WITH
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Aside from these practical issues,
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SOUND PRINCIPLES FOR CONDUCTING SOC
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Again, other ways of organizing and
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4. The transfer of wealth and chang
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Compare Changes to those Observed i
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to document prior gambling opportun
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Mid 1700s to late 1800s 1869 - 1892
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Cheating at gambling (Part XXVIII F
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1924 Criminal Code amendment to s.9
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1957 Western Canadian Racing Associ
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1980s There is a major expansion of
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1989 In June the Criminal Code of C
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1997 AGLC allows the number of slot
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2003 Federal agriculture minister m
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HISTORY OF EACH TYPE OF GAMBLING Th
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Number of Live Race Days per Year I
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Table 1: Total Raffle Licences per
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Table 2: Total Pull-Ticket Licences
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Table 3: Total Bingo Licences per Y
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Table 5: Total Bingo Events per Yea
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Table 6: Total Lottery Ticket Retai
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Video Lottery Terminals (VLTs) In A
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Table 8: Total Video Lottery Locati
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1996 Slot machines and electronic h
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The main indices that speak to chan
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Table 12: Total Charitable Casino L
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REGULATORY AND ORGANIZATIONAL HISTO
Page 73 and 74: HISTORY OF FIRST NATIONS COMMERCIAL
Page 75 and 76: CURRENT REGULATION, AVAILABILITY, A
Page 77 and 78: aggregate value of all tickets sold
Page 79 and 80: ALBERTA GOVERNMENT GAMBLING The Cri
Page 81 and 82: CASINOS Traditional Casinos Casinos
Page 83 and 84: percentage of table game revenue re
Page 85 and 86: Figure 15. Location of Current and
Page 87 and 88: HORSE RACING Horse racing is the on
Page 89 and 90: Bingo Lotteries and Instant Win (Sc
Page 91 and 92: AMOUNTS, ORIGINS, AND RECIPIENTS OF
Page 93 and 94: Another way of looking at the overa
Page 95 and 96: increase has occurred since the ear
Page 97 and 98: WHERE IS THE MONEY COMING FROM? As
Page 99 and 100: Figure 20: Proportion of Alberta Ne
Page 101 and 102: Origin of Net Gambling Revenue by D
Page 103 and 104: Table 18: Past Year Gambling Partic
Page 105 and 106: EGM Players Table 20 shows reasonab
Page 107 and 108: Table 21: Percentage of Each Type o
Page 109 and 110: winsorized then 75% of reported exp
Page 111 and 112: Table 22a: Demographic Profile of t
Page 113 and 114: patronage and revenue. Attendance f
Page 115 and 116: However, less important than the ac
Page 117 and 118: Because of the paramount importance
Page 119 and 120: Actual Revenue Another source of da
Page 121 and 122: Figure 25: Average Ticket Lottery R
Page 123: WHERE IS THE MONEY GOING? The final
Page 127 and 128: Table 27: Grants Awarded by Alberta
Page 129 and 130: since 1999; 47% of all revenue in 2
Page 131 and 132: IMPACTS OF LEGAL GAMBLING IMPACTS O
Page 133 and 134: ‘addicted to gambling revenue’.
Page 135 and 136: Several factors influence the perce
Page 137 and 138: There are also some important lesso
Page 139 and 140: Figure 30: Proportion of Total Net
Page 141 and 142: Figure 31: Number of Charities per
Page 143 and 144: IMPACTS ON SOCIETY The citizens of
Page 145 and 146: Number of Alberta Gambling Employee
Page 147 and 148: Table 34: North American Industry C
Page 149 and 150: Table 35: Importance of Gambling as
Page 151 and 152: percentage of the population (i.e.,
Page 153 and 154: Table 37: Household Past Year Repor
Page 155 and 156: 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% F
Page 157 and 158: Although Albertans are satisfied wi
Page 159 and 160: A final attitude question asked in
Page 161 and 162: Figure 41: What sort of overall imp
Page 163 and 164: Prevalence Problem Gambling and Rel
Page 165 and 166: Williams & Volberg (2010) also calc
Page 167 and 168: Features of Problem Gamblers The ty
Page 169 and 170: significant change in reported casi
Page 171 and 172: Table 43: Gambling and Problem Gamb
Page 173 and 174: their shared variance is taken into
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Treatment Numbers and Costs Treatme
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The only readily available figures
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OSB reports there were a total of 7
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Table 49: Consumer Insolvency Rates
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Another approach is to establish th
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that gambling had resulted in separ
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Applying these prevalence rates to
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gambling-related illegal acts and 8
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It is important to remember that th
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Table 52: Criminal Charges Laid by
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early 1990s, that was followed by a
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Table 54: Correlation between Crime
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Infrastructure Value The private se
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With respect to this first possibil
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increase in the comparison periods;
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Census Division Table 57: Business
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versus 2.2%). Commercial insolvency
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thinking in an interpretative act;
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The Edmonton mayor indicated he bel
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Several community representatives a
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daytime usage ... if it’s shoppin
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Increased crime was a related issue
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IMPACT ON FIRST NATIONS The impact
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Table 59: Use of First Nations Char
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Table 60: Distributions to Differen
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Table 60 illustrates that the large
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McKay, Heart Lake and the Athabasca
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Geographical Distribution As seen i
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Figure 51: Average Per Community FN
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Employment and Income Impacts of Fi
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etter skilled individuals in the co
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Problem Gambling A recent review of
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Table 65: Prevalence of Problem Gam
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$500 chip. One municipal official c
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Both the increased affluence and th
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The Enoch Cree Nation has to pay ba
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The fire department also represents
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chances. One official stated that t
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With the exception of 2006-2007, th
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Post-Script: Barriers to Participat
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(Indian Act, 1985). The latter coul
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SUMMARY Research Approach The prese
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1% (or less) of Alberta GDP since t
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can be said of charitable gambling
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Because revenue from charity casino
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Socioeconomic Inequality Alberta ga
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Despite the relatively low rates of
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supplies/equipment or to reinvest i
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Some of these sentiments tend to su
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communities highlight the casinos a
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ASSESSMENT OF THE OVERALL IMPACTS O
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2. The economic activity increases
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OVERALL SOCIAL IMPACTS Legalized ga
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OVERALL IMPACTS At a provincial lev
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however, that the potential for bri
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REFERENCES Abbott, M.W., Williams,
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Centre for Social and Health Outcom
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Jackson, D. (2010). VLT critic call
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Purdy, C. (2004). Band stakes its f
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Walker, D.M. (2008a). Challenges th
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2008 Survey APPENDICES Appendix A:
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General Population Targeted INELIGI
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are interested in the opinions of b
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PAST YEAR GAMBLING BEHAVIOUR GY1a.
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GY6a. In the past 12 months, how of
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Cash Casino - Red Deer (15) Jackpot
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GY10a. In the past 12 months, how o
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GY14a. In the past 12 months, what
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GP4. CPGI4/PPGM8b. In the past 12 m
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GP11b. In the past 12 months has ga
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GP16a. PPGM8c. In the past 12 month
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The following question only asked o
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TRIANGULATION (ONLINE PANEL ONLY) T
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Exact amount________________ (17) U
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2009 Survey The 2009 survey was als
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C11. Do you have pleasant memories
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SURVEY YEAR 1992 1993 1995 1996 199
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2008 2008 2009 2009 Williams, Belan
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1 Medicine Hat 2 Lethbridge 3 Fort
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8. In the past 12 months, have you
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Appendix F: Alberta’s Economic Re
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7. A thorough due diligence investi
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