gambling in alberta - Research Services - University of Lethbridge

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Nakoda Resort was not operational long enough for inclusion in this list. In total, FNDF funding represented 83.3% of the 4 communities’ collective INAC allocation. Table 61: FNDF Contributions to Host First Nations as a Percentage of their Federal Payments. Federal Contribution FNDF Alexis Nakota Sioux Nation FNDF as % of Federal Contribution 2006-07 $13,478,803 $75,080 0.6% 2007-08 $13,478,803 $1,068,945 7.9% 2008-09 $11,663,635 $5,404,206 46.3% Totals $38,621,241 $6,548,231 16.9% Yearly Average $12,873,747 $2,182,744 Cold Lake First Nations 2006-07 $6,958,787 $80,073 1.2% 2007-08 $5,888,471 $2,187,136 37.1% 2008-09 $6,625,634 $4,527,365 68.3% Totals $19,472,892 $6,794,574 34.9% Yearly Average $6,490,964 $2,264,858 Enoch Cree First Nation #440 2006-07 $8,930,213 $10,665,047 119.4% 2007-08 $10,404,587 $30,808,226 296.1% 2008-09 $11,593,508 $35,147,872 303.2% Totals $30,928,308 $76,621,145 247.7% Yearly Average $10,309,436 $25,540,382 Tsuu Tìna Nation 2006-07 $20,698,584 0 0% 2007-08 $22,401,884 $8,246,214 36.8% 2008-09 $20,067,719 $28,572,460 142.5% Totals $63,168,187 $36,818,674 58.3% Yearly Average $21,056,062 $12,279,558 Total (4 Host First Nations) $152,190,628 $126,782,624 83.3% Yearly Average $12,682,552 $10,565,219 Total (21 Non-Host FNs) $1,056,942,912 $24,235,068 2.3% Yearly Average $16,776,872 $384,684 Not surprisingly, the percentage of revenue accounted for by the FNDF is much less for nonhost communities. During the same time period, 21 First Nations that we had complete data for received over $24 million in FNDF revenues, which averaged out to approximately $384,684 per community per year. Some smaller communities such as Smith’s Landing First Nation supplemented their INAC budgets by 26% and 43% in 2007-08 and 2008-09 respectively. Fort 226
McKay, Heart Lake and the Athabasca Chipewyan First Nation also experienced double-digit gains. On average, the FNDF supplemented non-host First Nations INAC budget by only 2.29%. First Nations Development Fund Disbursements First Nations Development Fund project allocations fall into 17 categories. As seen in Table 62, non-gaming related Debt Retirement (42%) has constituted the largest portion of FNDF project disbursements since 2006. Almost all of this debt reduction (98.8%) has gone to reduce nongaming related First Nation debt incurred to build the casinos. Where First Nations have to pay debt first, that is by the design or choice of the First Nation. The Cold Lake First Nations and the Stoney Nation used their own money and/or borrowed funds, whereas the other 3 First Nations had outside investors. The Alexis Nakota Sioux Nation owes $21.4 million as its 40% portion of the project debt. Including the 2009-2010 disbursement of $4,856,963, the total amount available to reduce its non-gaming related debt to date amounts to $11,405,194, according to FNDF guidelines. The Enoch Cree Nation must repay an undisclosed debt to Paragon Gaming, and has accumulated roughly $114 million toward this end. Facility Costs at 17% and Housing and Infrastructure Costs at 15% represent the next largest categories. Facility costs are for repairs or new construction on band owned buildings and facilities. Housing and infrastructure costs are the costs associated with constructing new band housing and improving infrastructure such as water sanitation upgrades and road paving. Combined these complementary categories amounted to $88,676,099, or roughly one-third of FNDF disbursements since 2006. Infrastructure and housing are priority issues on most First Nation communities. Earlier it was documented that housing projects was the number one allocation from charitable gambling proceeds, representing 28% of disbursements since 2006. Table 62: FNDF Category Allocations (2006 – 2010) Debt Retirement (non-gaming related) Percentage Allocated 42% Facility Costs 17% Housing and Infrastructure 15% Administrative Costs 7% Community Development 4% Community Safety Programs 3% Education 4% Equipment 2% Cultural Events/Historical Resources/Religion 2% Wages, Salaries, Honoraria 2% Other 95 2% 95 Like Skills Training, Addictions Treatment, Sports, Elders, Emergency Funds, Donations within Alberta, Aid of Distressed/Children/Youth/Adults in Care 227
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Plant fertilizer 2011 GAMBLING IN A
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Citation Williams, R.J., Belanger,
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AMOUNTS, ORIGINS, AND RECIPIENTS OF
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ABSTRACT At a provincial level, the
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Alberta is estimated to have 3,755,
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than empirical in nature. Thus, the
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While the above described approach
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census. A supplemental Online Gener
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THEORETICAL APPROACH PROBLEMS WITH
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Aside from these practical issues,
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SOUND PRINCIPLES FOR CONDUCTING SOC
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Again, other ways of organizing and
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4. The transfer of wealth and chang
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Compare Changes to those Observed i
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to document prior gambling opportun
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Mid 1700s to late 1800s 1869 - 1892
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Cheating at gambling (Part XXVIII F
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1924 Criminal Code amendment to s.9
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1957 Western Canadian Racing Associ
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1980s There is a major expansion of
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1989 In June the Criminal Code of C
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1997 AGLC allows the number of slot
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2003 Federal agriculture minister m
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HISTORY OF EACH TYPE OF GAMBLING Th
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Number of Live Race Days per Year I
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Table 1: Total Raffle Licences per
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Table 2: Total Pull-Ticket Licences
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Table 3: Total Bingo Licences per Y
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Table 5: Total Bingo Events per Yea
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Table 6: Total Lottery Ticket Retai
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Video Lottery Terminals (VLTs) In A
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Table 8: Total Video Lottery Locati
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1996 Slot machines and electronic h
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The main indices that speak to chan
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Table 12: Total Charitable Casino L
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REGULATORY AND ORGANIZATIONAL HISTO
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HISTORY OF FIRST NATIONS COMMERCIAL
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CURRENT REGULATION, AVAILABILITY, A
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aggregate value of all tickets sold
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ALBERTA GOVERNMENT GAMBLING The Cri
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CASINOS Traditional Casinos Casinos
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percentage of table game revenue re
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Figure 15. Location of Current and
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HORSE RACING Horse racing is the on
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Bingo Lotteries and Instant Win (Sc
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AMOUNTS, ORIGINS, AND RECIPIENTS OF
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Another way of looking at the overa
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increase has occurred since the ear
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WHERE IS THE MONEY COMING FROM? As
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Figure 20: Proportion of Alberta Ne
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Origin of Net Gambling Revenue by D
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Table 18: Past Year Gambling Partic
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EGM Players Table 20 shows reasonab
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Table 21: Percentage of Each Type o
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winsorized then 75% of reported exp
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Table 22a: Demographic Profile of t
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patronage and revenue. Attendance f
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However, less important than the ac
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Because of the paramount importance
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Actual Revenue Another source of da
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Figure 25: Average Ticket Lottery R
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WHERE IS THE MONEY GOING? The final
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industry. The proportion of gamblin
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Table 27: Grants Awarded by Alberta
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since 1999; 47% of all revenue in 2
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IMPACTS OF LEGAL GAMBLING IMPACTS O
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‘addicted to gambling revenue’.
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Several factors influence the perce
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There are also some important lesso
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Figure 30: Proportion of Total Net
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Figure 31: Number of Charities per
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IMPACTS ON SOCIETY The citizens of
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Number of Alberta Gambling Employee
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Table 34: North American Industry C
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Table 35: Importance of Gambling as
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percentage of the population (i.e.,
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Table 37: Household Past Year Repor
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40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% F
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Although Albertans are satisfied wi
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A final attitude question asked in
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Figure 41: What sort of overall imp
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Prevalence Problem Gambling and Rel
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Williams & Volberg (2010) also calc
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Features of Problem Gamblers The ty
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significant change in reported casi
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Table 43: Gambling and Problem Gamb
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their shared variance is taken into
Page 175 and 176: Treatment Numbers and Costs Treatme
Page 177 and 178: The only readily available figures
Page 179 and 180: OSB reports there were a total of 7
Page 181 and 182: Table 49: Consumer Insolvency Rates
Page 183 and 184: Another approach is to establish th
Page 185 and 186: that gambling had resulted in separ
Page 187 and 188: Applying these prevalence rates to
Page 189 and 190: gambling-related illegal acts and 8
Page 191 and 192: It is important to remember that th
Page 193 and 194: Table 52: Criminal Charges Laid by
Page 195 and 196: early 1990s, that was followed by a
Page 197 and 198: Table 54: Correlation between Crime
Page 199 and 200: Infrastructure Value The private se
Page 201 and 202: With respect to this first possibil
Page 203 and 204: increase in the comparison periods;
Page 205 and 206: Census Division Table 57: Business
Page 207 and 208: versus 2.2%). Commercial insolvency
Page 209 and 210: thinking in an interpretative act;
Page 211 and 212: The Edmonton mayor indicated he bel
Page 213 and 214: Several community representatives a
Page 215 and 216: daytime usage ... if it’s shoppin
Page 217 and 218: Increased crime was a related issue
Page 219 and 220: IMPACT ON FIRST NATIONS The impact
Page 221 and 222: Table 59: Use of First Nations Char
Page 223 and 224: Table 60: Distributions to Differen
Page 225: Table 60 illustrates that the large
Page 229 and 230: Geographical Distribution As seen i
Page 231 and 232: Figure 51: Average Per Community FN
Page 233 and 234: Employment and Income Impacts of Fi
Page 235 and 236: etter skilled individuals in the co
Page 237 and 238: Problem Gambling A recent review of
Page 239 and 240: Table 65: Prevalence of Problem Gam
Page 241 and 242: $500 chip. One municipal official c
Page 243 and 244: Both the increased affluence and th
Page 245 and 246: The Enoch Cree Nation has to pay ba
Page 247 and 248: The fire department also represents
Page 249 and 250: chances. One official stated that t
Page 251 and 252: With the exception of 2006-2007, th
Page 253 and 254: Post-Script: Barriers to Participat
Page 255 and 256: (Indian Act, 1985). The latter coul
Page 257 and 258: SUMMARY Research Approach The prese
Page 259 and 260: 1% (or less) of Alberta GDP since t
Page 261 and 262: can be said of charitable gambling
Page 263 and 264: Because revenue from charity casino
Page 265 and 266: Socioeconomic Inequality Alberta ga
Page 267 and 268: Despite the relatively low rates of
Page 269 and 270: supplies/equipment or to reinvest i
Page 271 and 272: Some of these sentiments tend to su
Page 273 and 274: communities highlight the casinos a
Page 275 and 276: ASSESSMENT OF THE OVERALL IMPACTS O
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2. The economic activity increases
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OVERALL SOCIAL IMPACTS Legalized ga
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OVERALL IMPACTS At a provincial lev
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however, that the potential for bri
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REFERENCES Abbott, M.W., Williams,
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Centre for Social and Health Outcom
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Jackson, D. (2010). VLT critic call
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Purdy, C. (2004). Band stakes its f
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Walker, D.M. (2008a). Challenges th
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2008 Survey APPENDICES Appendix A:
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General Population Targeted INELIGI
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are interested in the opinions of b
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PAST YEAR GAMBLING BEHAVIOUR GY1a.
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GY6a. In the past 12 months, how of
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Cash Casino - Red Deer (15) Jackpot
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GY10a. In the past 12 months, how o
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GY14a. In the past 12 months, what
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GP4. CPGI4/PPGM8b. In the past 12 m
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GP11b. In the past 12 months has ga
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GP16a. PPGM8c. In the past 12 month
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The following question only asked o
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TRIANGULATION (ONLINE PANEL ONLY) T
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Exact amount________________ (17) U
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2009 Survey The 2009 survey was als
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C11. Do you have pleasant memories
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SURVEY YEAR 1992 1993 1995 1996 199
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2008 2008 2009 2009 Williams, Belan
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1 Medicine Hat 2 Lethbridge 3 Fort
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8. In the past 12 months, have you
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Appendix F: Alberta’s Economic Re
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7. A thorough due diligence investi
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