india author m 1- a-nan - University of Wollongong

dismissing any criticism of it as "babu-like". Analyses the morality of British and Indian
characters built upon biblical concepts of good and evil.
COWASJEE, SAROS. "Mulk Raj Anand's Coolie: an Appraisal" Banasthali Patrika 8.19
(1972; pub. 1974):8-19.
Cowasjee continues his assessment of Anand's fiction as propaganda with nationalistic
overtones. Examines colonialism as a system of repression and exploitation. Offers
sociological analysis of the effects of British rule on the caste system.
COWASJEE, S. "Mulk Raj Anand's The Sword and the Sickle" in RAO, K.S.
NARAYANA. ed. World Literature Written in English 14.2 (1975): 267-277.
1) Seeks to clarify earlier misreadings by insisting on the author’s considerable
achievement in using thoroughly accurate historical material to remarkable effect. 2) Perceives
lalu, the main character, represents Anand’s sounding board to test various revolutionary
approaches to the Indian problem. 3) Focuses on the nationalist perspective by asserting the
novel’s factual correctness based on Nehru’s “An Autobiography” (1936) and Svetlana (?)
Alliluyeva’s “Only One Year” (1969).
COWASJEE, SAROS. "Mulk Raj Anand's The Big Heart: A New Perspective" ACLALS
Bulletin 4th Series, No. 2 (1975):83-6.
1) Reiterates previous treatments of Anand’s work as dominated by concern for the
poor and underprivileged trapped by India’s class and caste systems. 2) closely examines the
character of Ananta and finds him a victim of rage and insanity, not of religious or political
creed, and his sacrifice is the sacrifice of the unselfish man for humanity. 3) sociological
analysis based on economic determinism as fundamental principle in a capitalist society. 4)
See also Kakatiya Journal of English Studies volume 11 (II?) no.1 Spring 1977, 85-92.
COWASJEE, S. Mulk Raj Anand, Coolie, An Assessment Delhi: OUP, 1976, 62 pp.
(NB. annotation says An Appraisal, not ‘assessment’]. Continuing assessment of
Anand’s fiction as propaganda with nationalistic overtones. 2) Examines colonization as a
system of repression and exploitation. 3) Sociological analysis of the effects of British rule in
the caste system.
COWASJEE, S. So Many Freedoms: A Study of the Major Fiction of Mulk Raj Anand
New Delhi: OUP, 1977, x + 205 pp.
Suggests the social impulse conditioned by Marxist dialectics occupies the centre of
meaning in Anand's writing. Categorises Anand as a political novelist, connecting his fiction to
the social, economic and political events of his time. Claims the author's extensive use of irony
destroys the mythic romanticisation of India by Western writers. Follows no particular school
of criticism by utilising many approaches in an eclectic mix of critical strategies.
COWASJEE, S. "Mulk Raj Anand's Confession of a Lover" International Fiction Review 4
(1977):18-22.
Contextualises autobiographical details in this third volume of Anand's mammoth
project in seven volumes, Seven Ages of Man.Extremely detailed authorial examination of
himself as debilitated by self-praise and self-deception. Psychological analysis of author's
character hindered by simplistic interpretation.
COWASJEE, SAROS. "Mulk Raj Anand: The Hard Road to Fiction": 82-96.