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Dermatologic Differential Diagnosis.pdf. - Famona Site

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574 A CLINICIAN’S GUIDE TO DERMATOLOGIC DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS, VOLUME 1<br />

CONGENITAL DISEASES<br />

Erythema toxicum neonatorum Eichenfeld p.92, 2001<br />

Harlequin color change – neonatal vasomotor instability;<br />

occurs days 2–5 lasting 30 seconds to 20 minutes; increased<br />

prostaglandin E1; Ped Derm 21:573–576, 2004; Eichenfeld<br />

p.97, 2001; Lancet 263:1005–1007, 1952<br />

Nevus simplex (capillary ectasias) – glabella, eyelids, nose,<br />

upper lip, nape of neck Eichenfeld p.100, 2001<br />

Spinal dysraphism with overlying port wine stain AD 114:573–577,<br />

1978; AD 112:1724–1728, 1976<br />

DEGENERATIVE DISEASES<br />

Sympathetic nerve dystrophy – erythema Rook p.2780, 1998,<br />

Sixth Edition<br />

DRUGS<br />

Colchicine BJD 150:581–588, 2004<br />

Docataxel radiation recall reaction BJD 153:674–675, 2005<br />

Fixed drug eruption – mimicking cellulitis NEJM 350:904–912,<br />

2004<br />

Injection site reactions JAAD 49:826–831, 2003<br />

Prostacyclin (epoprostenol) – diffuse erythema with or<br />

without mottling, exfoliation, or palpable purpura JAAD<br />

51:98–102, 2004<br />

Retinoid dermatitis<br />

EXOGENOUS AGENTS<br />

Foreign body reaction (granuloma) – orthopedic implants<br />

mimicking infectious cellulitis Ann Intern Med 142:47–55, 2005;<br />

Ann DV 123:686–690, 1996<br />

Injection of ricin – infectious and toxic cellulitis BJD 150:154, 2004<br />

Irritant contact dermatitis The Clinical Management of Itching;<br />

Parthenon; p.79, 2000<br />

INFECTIONS AND INFESTATIONS<br />

Acanthamebiasis in AIDS AD 131:1291–1296, 1995<br />

Acinetobacter calcoaceticus – cellulitis Medicine 56:79–97, 1977<br />

Aeromonas hydrophila – cellulitis complicating injuries in fresh<br />

water or soil NEJM 350:904–912, 2004; Clin Inf Dis 19:77–83,<br />

1994; Clin Inf Dis 16:79–84, 1993<br />

Anaerobic myonecrosis – gas gangrene; Clostridium<br />

perfringens, septicum NEJM 350:904–912, 2004<br />

Anthrax – confused with cellulitis NEJM 350:904–912, 2004<br />

Aspergillosis – primary cutaneous aspergillosis in premature<br />

infants; red patch with pustules Ped Derm 19:439–444, 2002<br />

Bacillary angiomatosis – intraoral red patch Rook p.3057, 1998,<br />

Sixth Edition<br />

Candidiasis – intraoral red patch Rook p.3057,3107, 1998,<br />

Sixth Edition<br />

Cellulitis NEJM 350:904–912, 2004; Rook p.2293, 1998,<br />

Sixth Edition<br />

Periorbital cellulitis – Staphylococcus aureus, pneumococcus,<br />

group A streptococcus<br />

Buccal cellulitis – Haemophilus influenzae<br />

Cellulitis complicating body piercing – Staphylococcus<br />

aureus, group A streptococcus<br />

Mastectomy – non-group A hemolytic streptococcus<br />

Lumpectomy – non-group A hemolytic streptococcus<br />

Harvest of saphenous vein for coronary artery bypass –<br />

group A or non-group A hemolytic streptococcus<br />

Liposuction – group A streptococcus, peptostreptococcus<br />

Postoperative (very early) wound infection – group A<br />

streptococcus<br />

Injection drug user – Staphylococcus aureus, streptococci<br />

(groups A, C, F, G), Enterococcus faecalis, viridans-group<br />

streptococci, coagulase-negative staphylococci, anaerobic<br />

bacteria (Bacteroides, Clostridium), Enterobacteriaceae<br />

Perianal cellulitis – group A streptococcus<br />

Crepitant cellulitis – gas gangrene; Clostridium perfringens,<br />

septicum<br />

Gangrenous cellulitis<br />

Erythema migrans – Borrelia burgdorferi<br />

Paraplegia<br />

Dog or cat bite – Pasteurella multocida, Staphylococcus<br />

aureus, S. intermedius, Neisseria canis, Haemophilus felix,<br />

Capnocytophagia canimorsus, anaerobes<br />

Human bites – Bacteroides species, peptostreptococci,<br />

Eikenella corrodens, viridans streptococci, Staphylococcus<br />

aureus<br />

Centipede bite – cellulitis-like<br />

Chagas’ disease (reactivation post-transplant) Cutis 48:37–40,<br />

1991<br />

Citrobacter diversus – cellulitis Cutis 61:158–159, 1998<br />

Cryptococcosis – cellulitis Cutis 72:320–322;2003; J Dermatol<br />

30:405–410, 2003; Clin Inf Dis 33:700–705, 2001; Australas J<br />

Dermatol 38:29–32, 1997; JAAD 32:844–850, 1995; Scand J<br />

Infect Dis 26:623–626, 1994; Clin Inf Dis 16:826–827, 1993;<br />

Clin Inf Dis 14:666–672, 1992; Int J Dermatol 29:41–44, 1990;<br />

JAAD 17:329–332, 1987; Cutis 34:359–361, 1984<br />

Dematiaceous fungal infections in organ transplant recipients<br />

Alternaria<br />

Bipolaris hawaiiensis<br />

Exophiala jeanselmei, E. spinifera, E. pisciphera, E.castellani<br />

Exserohilum rostratum<br />

Fonsacaea pedrosoi<br />

Phialophora parasitica<br />

Echovirus 25,32 – cherry spots Tyring p.464, 2002<br />

Ehrlichia chaffeensis – diffusely erythematous or morbilliform,<br />

scattered petechiae or macules Clin Inf Dis 33:1586–1594, 2001<br />

Eikenella corrodens – cellulitis Clin Infect Dis 33:54–61, 2001<br />

Erysipelothrix insidiosa NEJM 350:904–912, 2004<br />

Erythrasma<br />

Escherichia coli sepsis – rose spots<br />

Fish stings – venomous fish; lesser weever fish, spiny dogfish,<br />

stingray, scorpion fish, catfish, rabbit fish, stone fish, stargazers,<br />

toadfish – erythema, edema mimicking cellulitis Rook p.1479,<br />

1998, Sixth Edition<br />

Fusarium – sepsis; red–gray macules JAAD 47:659–666, 2002;<br />

Fusarium solanae – digital cellulitis Rook p.1375, 1998,<br />

Sixth Edition<br />

Glanders – Pseudomonas mallei – cellulitis which ulcerates<br />

with purulent foul-smelling discharge, regional lymphatics<br />

become abscesses; nasal and palatal necrosis and destruction;<br />

metastatic papules, pustules, bullae over joints and face, then<br />

ulcerate; deep abscesses with sinus tracts occur; polyarthritis,<br />

meningitis, pneumonia Rook p.1146–1147, 1998, Sixth Edition<br />

Gnathostomiasis/paragonimus – migratory cellulitis-like<br />

plaques JAAD 33:825–828, 1995; JAAD 13:835–836, 1985;<br />

AD 120:508–510, 1984<br />

Haemophilus influenzae – facial cellulitis in children Am J Med<br />

63:449, 1977

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