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Dermatologic Differential Diagnosis.pdf. - Famona Site

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686 A CLINICIAN’S GUIDE TO DERMATOLOGIC DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS, VOLUME 1<br />

VERRUCOUS PLAQUES<br />

AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, AND DISEASES<br />

OF IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION<br />

Graft vs. host disease – columnar epidermal necrosis in<br />

transfusion-associated chronic GVH AD 136:743–746, 2000<br />

Lichen planus pemphigoides<br />

Lupus erythematosus hypertrophicus – hypertrophic discoid<br />

lupus erythematosus JAAD 9:82–90, 1983; Cutis 28:290–300,<br />

1981; lupus profundus; LE hypertrophicus et profundus –<br />

verrucous brown–black plaque BJD 96:75–78, 1977<br />

Pemphigoid nodularis BJD 142:143–147, 2000<br />

Pemphigoid vegetans – vegetating plaque JAAD 30:649–650,<br />

1994; AD 115:446–448, 1979<br />

Pemphigus erythematosis<br />

Pemphigus vegetans – 1–2% of all cases of pemphigus;<br />

Neumann type – bullae with small peripheral pustules evolve<br />

into vegetative plaques; denuded areas develop after plaques<br />

slough; Hallopeau type – pustules, not bullae, are the primary<br />

lesions; verrucous plaques then develop; no denuded areas;<br />

cerebriform tongue; spontaneous resolution not uncommon<br />

Dermatol Clinics 11:429–452, 1993<br />

Scleroderma – axillary verrucous pigmentation resembling<br />

acanthosis nigricans Br Med J ii:1642–1645, 1966<br />

CONGENITAL<br />

Subepidermal calcified nodule in children – verrucous papule<br />

Ped Derm 12:307–310, 1995<br />

DEGENERATIVE<br />

Diabetic neuropathy BJD 133:1011–1012, 1995<br />

DRUG-INDUCED<br />

Bleomycin JAAD 33:851–852, 1995<br />

Halogenoderma – iodides – nasal congestion, conjunctivitis,<br />

and a range of systemic symptoms or bromides with weakness,<br />

restlessness, headache, ataxia, and personality changes; both<br />

produce vegetative nodules or plaques often studded with<br />

pustules; in iododerma, the verrucous plaques are often closer<br />

to the eye, and in bromoderma, they are below the eye<br />

Insulin – acanthosis nigricans-like changes due to insulin<br />

injections AD 122:1054–1056, 1986<br />

Lichen planus-like drug eruption<br />

EXOGENOUS AGENTS<br />

Exogenous calcium from EEG paste Ped Derm 15:27–30, 1998;<br />

Neurology 15:477–480, 1965<br />

INFECTIONS AND/OR INFESTATIONS<br />

Actinomycosis – cervicofacial, thoracic, abdominal, primary<br />

cutaneous, and pelvic<br />

AIDS – neutrophilic dermatosis of AIDS JAAD 31:1045–1047,<br />

1994<br />

Alternariosis BJD 145:484–486, 2001; Clin Inf Dis 32:1178–1187,<br />

2001; Alternaria alternata AD 141:1171–1173, 2005; Alternaria<br />

jenuissima – ulcerated verrucous nodule BJD 142:840–841, 2000<br />

Bartonellosis – verruga peruana; bacillary angiomatosis Tyring<br />

p.228, 2002<br />

Bipolaris – verrucous plaque of nasal conchae J Med Vet Mycol<br />

24:461–465, 1986<br />

Blastomycosis-like pyoderma (pyoderma vegetans) – crusted or<br />

verrucous plaques which may weep, ulcerate or clear centrally,<br />

often involve the flexures, and do not respond to antibiotics<br />

alone despite the regular presence of Staphylococcus aureus or<br />

group A streptococci JAAD 20:691–693, 1989<br />

Botryomycosis – usually on the limbs, reported on the trunk,<br />

face, and perianal area; causative organisms include<br />

Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus spp.,<br />

Actinobacillus lignieresii, alpha hemolytic streptococcus,<br />

Propionibacterium acnes, Serratia marcescens,<br />

Peptostreptococcus, Moraxella non-liquefaciens, Neisseria spp.<br />

JAMA 123:339–341, 1943; JAAD 24:393–396, 1991; due<br />

to Moraxella non-liquifaciens Cutis 43:140–142, 1989<br />

Candidal granuloma – chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis<br />

JAAD 21:1309–1310, 1989; Annu Rev Med 32:491–497, 1981<br />

Chromomycosis – feet, legs, arms, face and neck; common<br />

causative organisms include Phialophora verrucosa, Fonsecaea<br />

pedrosoi, F. compactum, Wangiella dermatitidus and<br />

Cladosporium carrionii, Rhinocladiella cerphilum and<br />

Aureobasidium pullulans; large pigmented round thick<br />

walled bodies with septation in two planes<br />

(muriform cells) AD 141:1457–1462, 2005; BJD 152:560–564,<br />

2005; AD 133:1027–1032, 1997; BJD 96:454–458, 1977;<br />

AD 104:476–485, 1971<br />

Coccidioidomycosis JAAD 46:743–747, 2002; AD 134:365–370,<br />

1998<br />

Condyloma acuminata Textbook of Neonatal Dermatology,<br />

p.218, 2001; Rook p.3184, 1998, Sixth Edition<br />

Cryptococcosis AD 112:1734–1740, 1976; BJD 74:43–49,<br />

1962; coexistent cryptococcosis and Kaposi’s sarcoma in AIDS<br />

Cutis 41:159–162, 1988<br />

Cytomegalovirus – verrucous plaques occur in patients<br />

with AIDS; retinitis and colitis in HIV patients Dermatology<br />

200:189–195, 2000; JAAD 38:349–351, 1998; JAAD<br />

27:943–950, 1992; AD 125:1243–1246, 1989<br />

Ecthyma (RPC-like)<br />

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis Caputo p.126, 2000; BJD<br />

121:463–469, 1989; Arch Dermatol Res 278:153–160, 1985<br />

Erythrasma – disciform erythrasma<br />

Exophiala jeanselmei (phaeohyphomycosis) – subcutaneous<br />

phaeohyphomycosis refers to cyst-like or encapsulated<br />

subcutaneous nodular abscesses JAAD 13:877–881, 1985<br />

Filariasis<br />

Fusarium solanae – granulomatous hyalohyphomycosis due to<br />

Fusarium solanae AD 127:1735–1737, 1991<br />

Granuloma inguinale (Calymmatobacterium granulomatis) –<br />

pleomorphic non-motile Gram-negative bacillus; 3–6% have<br />

extragenital lesions on the nose, lips, or extremities.<br />

Herpes simplex virus Tyring p.87,312, 2002; acyclovir-resistant<br />

JAAD 17:875–880, 1987; herpes simplex and tinea nodule in<br />

AIDS JAAD 16:1151–1154, 1987; hyperkeratotic plaques of<br />

chronic HSV may also be culture positive for other organisms<br />

including Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare and Candida<br />

Herpes zoster – chronic disseminated lesions in AIDS<br />

Tyring p.132,314, 2002<br />

Histoplasmosis – fever, cough, and skin lesions in the<br />

HIV-positive patient Int J Derm 30:104–108, 1991;<br />

JAAD 23:422–428, 1990<br />

Kerion Ped Derm 21:444–447, 2004

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