1. INTRODUCTION - India Environment Portal

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microorganisms were procured from Hi-media (Pvt), Mumbai and their names are given below: 1. Nutrient medium 1. Total viable counts (TVC) 2. Mac Conkey’s agar 2. Total Coliforms (TC) 3. Escherichia coli like organisms (ECLO) All analyses were carried out within a few hours of collection. Water samples were directly used as inocula and sediment samples were serially diluted to give countable numbers expressed as number/ml of water or number/g of sediment. Surface plating technique was used and counting of plates were carried it after 48 -72 hours of incubation at ambient temperature. 1.3.4.2 Phytoplankton In the case of phytoplankton, samples were collected through net hauls (30µm mesh size) and 1 litre unit volume obtained at the surface. All net hauls were fixed in buffered 5% formaldehyde and stored until analysis in the laboratory. The unit samples (1 litre volume) on the other hand were treated with lugols iodine (10%) before storage. In the laboratory, these samples were allowed to stand for 36-48 hrs in tall one litre measuring jars until all phytoplankton settled. Quantitative analysis was carried out on these samples and phytoplankton enumerated using a Sedgewick Rafter counting chamber after concentration with gravity sedimentation following a standard protocol (UNESCO, 1978). For taxonomic identification, a research microscope (Olympus, Japan, 400x) was put to use and the identification carried out according to Subrahmanyam (1946), DeBoyd and Smith (1977), Santhanam et al. (1987) and Tomas (1997). 1.3.4.3 Zooplankton Zooplankton samples were collected by surface hauls with a Heron-Tranter net (mouth area 0.25m 2 , mesh size-300 µm) fitted with a calibrated flow meter. At 20
each station the net was towed for 5 minutes. The samples collected were preserved in 5% formalin and were analyzed for estimation of zooplankton biomass and composition. The number was calculated for whole sample (no/100 m 3 ). Biomass of zooplankton was estimated by the displacement volume method. An aliquot (1.56% of total sample) was examined for enumeration of organism. 1.3.4.4 Bottom communities Sediment samples for benthic study were collected from 11 subtidal stations (9 offshore and 2 in the creek mouth) with a stainless steel van Veen grab having an area of 0.024m 2 . Meiobenthos: Sediment samples for meiobenthos were collected from 9 stations. van Veen grab was deployed for collection of sediment samples. Sub-samples were taken from the grab samples using a hand held acrylic core tube (4 cm diameter) and preserved in 5% formalin rose-Bengal solution. In the laboratory, meiobenthic samples were passed through a set of sieves (The top one of 500 µm and a lower one of 63 µm mesh size). Sediment retained on the finer mesh was used for analysis of meiobenthos. All organisms were sorted, identified and counted under stereoscopic binocular microscope. Meiobenthic count was expressed per 10 cm 2 area. Macrobenthos: Replicate grab samples were taken from each sampling station for macrobenthos and washed through a 500 µm mesh size stainless steel sieve. The material retained on 500 µm was preserved in 10% seawater formalin containing Rose- Bengal stain. In the laboratory, all the samples were again washed through a 500 µm mesh sieve in running water to clear adhering sediment. Later all the organisms were sorted counted and identified up to species level. Biomass (wet weight) was taken after removing the hard parts and expressed as g/m 2 . Data processing: Macrobenthic data were analyzed following the standard method using the PRIMER (Plymouth Routine in Multivariate Ecological 21
Page 1 and 2: 1. INTRODUCTION POSCO intends to se
Page 3 and 4: FIGURE 1.1 LOCATION OF THE PORT 3
Page 5 and 6: FIGURE 1.3 SATELLITE IMAGERY OF THE
Page 7 and 8: the water depth of 9 m due to non-a
Page 9 and 10: The present DGPS system operates wi
Page 11 and 12: (Model 232-A), Trigger capacitor ba
Page 13 and 14: _______________ Spectral width para
Page 15 and 16: 1.3.3. Water quality Parameters Thr
Page 17 and 18: 1.3.3.4 Salinity The halogen compou
Page 19: degradation with possible contribut
Page 23 and 24: 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION POSCO, Korea
Page 25 and 26: FIGURE 2.1. LAYOUT OF THE HARBOUR F
Page 27 and 28: tranquil condition inside the port
Page 29 and 30: FIGURE 2.2. SAND MOUND TYPE REVETME
Page 31 and 32: Containment Dikes: The containment
Page 33 and 34: 3 BASELINE STUDIES Baseline data on
Page 35 and 36: erosional activity has been observe
Page 37 and 38: FIGURE 3.1 MAP SHOWING THE BATHYMET
Page 39 and 40: FIGURE 3.3 a TYPICAL SESIMIC SECTIO
Page 41 and 42: FIGURE 3.4 a TYPICAL INTERPRETED SE
Page 43 and 44: Line-40/1: (central line close to L
Page 45 and 46: 3.1.6 Side Scan Sonar The Side Scan
Page 47 and 48: 3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS The st
Page 49 and 50: Bengal and in the vicinity of Parad
Page 51 and 52: 3.2.5 Visibility The monthly averag
Page 53 and 54: FIGURE 3.7 TRACK OF CYCLONE PASSED
Page 55 and 56: 3.5 3 2.5 Tide (m) 2 1.5 1 0.5 13 1
Page 57 and 58: Table 3.8 Joint distribution of Hs
Page 59 and 60: MAXIMUM SPECTRAL ENERGY(m 2 /Hz) 30
Page 61 and 62: N 330 30 300 60 W E 240 120 2.5 - 3
Page 63 and 64: 360 WATER DEPTH : 16 m MEASURED AT
Page 65 and 66: At location L2, the near surface (8
Page 67 and 68: N 330 30 300 60 W E 10% 20% 240 30%
Page 69 and 70: N 330 30 300 60 W E 10% 20% 240 30%
Page 71 and 72:
1010 1012 1014 1016 1010 1012 1014
Page 73 and 74:
0 Location 20 deg 13' 40.23" N : 86
Page 75 and 76:
3.4 WATER QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS I
Page 77 and 78:
Table 3.12 Hydrochemical characteri
Page 79 and 80:
Table 3.13 Tracemetal elements in s
Page 81 and 82:
Table 3.15 Bacterial population in
Page 83 and 84:
Table 3.17 Composition and mean abu
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and N3 recorded highest diversity (
Page 87 and 88:
Table 3.19: Abundance (no. /m 2 ) o
Page 89 and 90:
Table 3.21 Abundance (no. /10cm 2 )
Page 91 and 92:
0 20 Similarity 40 60 80 100 S#1 C#
Page 93 and 94:
Table 3.24 Percentage composition o
Page 95 and 96:
Table 3.26 Estimated group-wise fis
Page 97 and 98:
dry sandy beaches of Gahirmatha. Af
Page 99 and 100:
strongly recommended used of TED in
Page 130 and 131:
Appendix 1: Summary of soil investi
Page 132 and 133:
FIGURE A2 SOIL PROFILE IN THE CREEK
Page 134 and 135:
Appendix 2a List of Phytoplankton r
Page 136 and 137:
Appendix 2a contd……… Sr.No. G
Page 138 and 139:
Appendix 2b List of Phytoplankton r
Page 140 and 141:
Appendix 2b contd…… Sr.No. Gene
Page 142 and 143:
Appendix 2c contd…. Sr.No. Genera
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1. INTRODUCTION - India Environment Portal

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