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horizontal before falling away from the core.<br />

Figure 5. The effect that changing the particle fall speed has on the<br />

position <strong>of</strong> the central capture region <strong>of</strong> the parameter space for vortex<br />

growth rate G=0.01m/s.<br />

Figure 6. The effect <strong>of</strong> changing the shear layer growth rate G on the<br />

position <strong>of</strong> the central capture region <strong>of</strong> the parameter space for particle<br />

fall speed V=0.076 m/s.<br />

Figure 7. Comparisons between the above equation and data for the lower<br />

parameter space line at different values <strong>of</strong> particle fall speed and vortex<br />

growth rate.<br />

Figure 8. Comparisons between the above equation and data for the upper<br />

parameter space line at different values <strong>of</strong> particle fall speed and vortex<br />

growth rate.<br />

Chapter 7<br />

Figure la-g. The seven trajectory modes for jetted particles, a) Ml b) M2 c)<br />

M3 d) M4 e) M5 f) M6 g) M7.<br />

Figure 2. The plates show three views <strong>of</strong> the recirculation region behind an<br />

experimental bedform. The shots are 0.35 sees, apart and clearly visualise<br />

the sweeping away <strong>of</strong> the turbulent region, leading to re-attachment close to<br />

the trough. We term this sequence <strong>of</strong> events Coanda-flapping.<br />

Figure 3a-j . The plates show particles transported by periodic flows caused<br />

by Coanda-flapping <strong>of</strong> the free shear layer. The particles (dark spots, just<br />

<strong>of</strong>f centre-line <strong>of</strong> the rig and light spots on the centre line) have a fall<br />

speed <strong>of</strong> 0.034m/s and depth-averaged flow speed is 0.31m/s.<br />

Figure 4. Values <strong>of</strong> the capture criterion for various values <strong>of</strong> particle<br />

xviii

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