Galland EPS 2012 - VBN

Understanding the Reorientations and Roles of Spatial Planning 1363
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Figure 1. Analytical framework for understanding the evolution of spatial planning and the roles that
it adopts in accordance with particular development orientations.
supplement one another. As a whole, the argument of the framework is that the synergy of
these different conceptual approaches could contribute to the better understanding of the
processes through which spatial planning policy evolves. The value of such framework
relies on its attempt to ultimately qualify and illustrate the different policy orientations
upon which spatial planning adopts particular roles. The specificities of these approaches
are subsequently described and applied thereafter to the case of national planning policy in
Denmark.
Driving Forces Shaping Spatial Planning
As discussed above, the changing logic of spatial planning can be explained by the assertion
that its practices and hierarchical structures shift as a result of the constant pressure
that a series of economic, socio-cultural and political driving forces exert upon them.
As such, these forces could be regarded as the key motives behind the strategic turn of
spatial planning in Europe (Albrechts et al., 2003, p. 115). Table 1 outlines the main
reasons that lie behind the reorientation of spatial planning.
In accordance with this logic, Healey et al. (1997, 1999) argue that new institutional
capacities and relations, as well as new policy agendas emerge as outcomes of contextual
driving forces. The generation of new institutional capacities can be illustrated by emerging
processes of stakeholder interaction that are based on horizontal articulation, territorial
and collaborative logics as well as negotiative forms between policy sectors (Healey
et al., 1999, p. 344). This notion is clearly linked with the argument stating that new
forms of governance and territorial policy integration are being created in response to
the new global positioning of city-regions (Albrechts et al., 2003). The emergence of