Bosch Rexroth Experience Day
Bosch Rexroth Experience Day
Bosch Rexroth Experience Day
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<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Safety on Board, Mobiele toepassingen<br />
Wouter Leusden<br />
1<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Inhoud:<br />
• Europese Richtlijnen<br />
• Internationale normen<br />
• Risico analyse<br />
• Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Veiligheid berekenen met ISO 13849<br />
• 10 steps to performance level<br />
2<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Europese Richtlijnen<br />
• Fabrikant versus gebruikers<br />
Europese regelgeving<br />
• Machinerichtlijn 2006/42 EG<br />
• Laagspanningsrichtlijn 2006/95 EG<br />
• Atex richtlijn 94/9 EG<br />
• EMC richtlijn 2004/108 EG<br />
• PED richtlijn 97/23 EG<br />
• Directive for simple pressure vessels 2009/105 EG<br />
• Produkt veiligheid richtlijn 2001/95 EG<br />
• Arbo kaderrichtlijn 89/391 EEC<br />
• Richtlijn arbeidsmiddelen 89/655 EEC<br />
• Atex richtlijn 1999/92 EC<br />
Nationale wetgeving<br />
Fabrikanten<br />
Gebruikers<br />
3<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Internationale normen<br />
• Geharmoniseerd en niet geharmoniseerd, wat betekent dat?<br />
• Machinerichtlijn 2006/42 EG<br />
• Laagspanningsrichtlijn 2006/95 EG<br />
• Atex richtlijn 94/9 EG<br />
• EMC richtlijn 2004/108 EG<br />
• PED richtlijn 97/23 EG<br />
• Directive for simple pressure vessels 2009/105 EG<br />
• Produkt veiligheid richtlijn 2001/95 EG<br />
M.b.v. geharmoniseerde normen kun je een<br />
machine veilig ontwerpen en heb je een<br />
“vermoeden van overeenstemming”.<br />
• Geharmoniseerd wil zeggen: ”State of the art”<br />
(huidige stand van de techniek)<br />
• Een norm is geharmoniseerd als deze<br />
voorkomt in het publicatieblad van de<br />
Europese unie<br />
4<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Internationale normen<br />
• Normen (Mobiele) machines:<br />
ISO: International Standardization Organisation<br />
IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission<br />
EN: (CEN) Comitée Européen de Normalisation<br />
NBN: Bureau voor Normalisatie België<br />
DIN: Deutsches Institut für Normung<br />
AFNOR: Association Francaise de Normalisation<br />
ISO = Internationaal<br />
EN = Europees<br />
DIN = nationaal (Duitsland)<br />
NEN = Nationaal (Nederland)<br />
5<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Risico analyse<br />
A<br />
• Algemene (geharmoniseerde) norm voor risico analyses:<br />
• EN ISO 12100: 2010<br />
A<br />
Bepalen van de<br />
grenzen van een<br />
machine<br />
B<br />
C<br />
B<br />
Identificatie van de<br />
gevaren en<br />
gevaarlijke situaties<br />
D<br />
C<br />
Risico inschatting<br />
D<br />
Risico evaluatie<br />
E<br />
E<br />
Ja<br />
Einde<br />
Veilig?<br />
Nee<br />
Risico reductie<br />
6<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Risico analyse<br />
• Risico’s bij mobiele installaties,<br />
• Omgeving waarin de machine wordt gebruikt => Omstanders?!<br />
• Voorzienbaar misbruik!<br />
EN ISO 12100 (type A norm) beschrijft misbruik in paragraaf 5.4:<br />
c) Unintended behaviour of the operator or reasonably foreseeable misuse of the machine<br />
Examples include<br />
loss of control of the machine by the operator (especially for hand-held or mobile machines),<br />
reflex behaviour of a person in case of malfunction, incident or failure during the use of the<br />
machine,<br />
behaviour resulting from lack of concentration or carelessness,<br />
behaviour resulting from taking the “line of least resistance” in carrying out a task,<br />
behaviour resulting from pressures to keep the machine running in all circumstances, and<br />
behaviour of certain persons (for example, children, disabled persons).<br />
NOTE Examination of the available design documentation can be a useful means of identifying hazards<br />
related to the machinery, particularly those associated with moving elements such as motors or hydraulic<br />
cylinders.<br />
Type C-normen geven specifieke gevaren en gevaarlijke situaties!<br />
7<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Risico analyse<br />
• Grenzen van de machine Bepalen van de<br />
A<br />
Gebruikstemperaturen?<br />
Snelheden, krachten van<br />
actuatoren?<br />
Druk, olietype?<br />
B<br />
grenzen van een<br />
machine<br />
Identificatie van de<br />
gevaren en<br />
gevaarlijke situaties<br />
C<br />
Risico inschatting<br />
D<br />
Risico evaluatie<br />
Spanning?<br />
Maar ook:<br />
Wat is het beoogde gebruik?<br />
En.. voorzienbaar misbruik<br />
E<br />
Ja<br />
Veilig?<br />
Einde<br />
Nee<br />
Risico reductie<br />
8<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Risico analyse<br />
• Identificatie gevaren en situaties Bepalen van de<br />
A<br />
Machinerichtlijn 2006/42 EG:<br />
grenzen van een<br />
machine<br />
-Hoofdstuk 1: Essentiële veiligheids- en gezondheidseisen.<br />
-Hoofdstuk 2: Met de hand vastgehouden en / of handgeleide machines.<br />
-Hoofdstuk 3: Aanvullende essentiële veiligheids- en gezondheidseisen om<br />
de gevaren te verhelpen te wijten aan de mobiliteit van<br />
machines.<br />
-Hoofdstuk 4: Aanvullende essentiële veiligheids- en gezondheidseisen om<br />
de aan hijs- of hefverrichtingen verbonden gevaren te<br />
verhelpen.<br />
-Hoofdstuk 5: Enz..<br />
Gebruik deze eisen als invulling van de risicoanalyse<br />
B<br />
C<br />
D<br />
E<br />
Identificatie van de<br />
gevaren en<br />
gevaarlijke situaties<br />
Risico inschatting<br />
Einde<br />
Risico evaluatie<br />
Ja<br />
Veilig?<br />
Nee<br />
Risico reductie<br />
9<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Risico analyse<br />
S: Serverity of injury<br />
1: Reversible: requiring first aid<br />
2: Reversible: requiring attention from a medical practitioner<br />
3: Irreversible: broken limb(s), losing a finger(s)<br />
4: Irreversible: death, losing an eye or arm<br />
• Risico inschatting: Bepalen van de<br />
A<br />
F: Frequency with duration >10 min<br />
(duration ≤ 10 min.: -1 point if > 1 hour)<br />
2: > 1 year<br />
3: > 2 weeks to ≤ 1 year<br />
4: >1 day to ≤ 2 weeks<br />
5: > 1hour to ≤ 1 day<br />
5: ≤ 1 hour<br />
W: Probabillity of occurence<br />
1: Negligible<br />
2: Rarely<br />
3: Possible<br />
4: Likely<br />
5: Very high<br />
P: Possibility of avoidance<br />
1: Likely<br />
2: Rarely<br />
3: Impossible<br />
B<br />
C<br />
D<br />
grenzen van een<br />
machine<br />
Identificatie van de<br />
gevaren en<br />
gevaarlijke situaties<br />
Risico inschatting<br />
Einde<br />
Risico evaluatie<br />
Risk Coefficient (R) = S * E (F + W + P)<br />
Ja<br />
Veilig?<br />
Nee<br />
Risico reductie<br />
10<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Risico analyse<br />
• Risico evaluatie: Bepalen van de<br />
A<br />
grenzen van een<br />
machine<br />
Risk Coefficient (R) = S * (F + W + P)<br />
B<br />
C<br />
Identificatie van de<br />
gevaren en<br />
gevaarlijke situaties<br />
Risico inschatting<br />
D<br />
E<br />
Risico evaluatie<br />
Ja<br />
Veilig?<br />
Einde<br />
Nee<br />
Risico reductie<br />
11<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Risico analyse<br />
• Risico reductie: Bepalen van de<br />
A<br />
Risico reductie door:<br />
1- Aanpassen van het ontwerp<br />
B<br />
grenzen van een<br />
machine<br />
Identificatie van de<br />
gevaren en<br />
gevaarlijke situaties<br />
2- Veiligheidsschakeling(en) toepassen<br />
3- Waarschuwen voor risico’s<br />
(handleiding, pictogrammen)<br />
C<br />
D<br />
E<br />
Risico inschatting<br />
Risico evaluatie<br />
Ja<br />
Veilig?<br />
Einde<br />
Nee<br />
Risico reductie<br />
12<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Mogelijke gevaren en gevaarlijke situaties:<br />
Voorbeeld: EN 14439: 2006 (Hijskranen - Veiligheid – Torenkranen)<br />
(type C-norm, geharmoniseerd onder de MachineRichtlijn)<br />
•Tabel 1: (enkele voorbeelden)<br />
8.3: Risico’s i.v.m. niet gebruiken van persoonlijke<br />
beschermingsmiddelen<br />
10.4: Externe invloeden, zwaartekracht, wind etc.<br />
10.6: Door de operator veroorzaakte fouten (door het niet<br />
overeenstemmen van de machine en functies van de<br />
machine met de mogelijkheden van de mens)<br />
25.2: Uit positie raken van delen (wegdriften)<br />
Etc.<br />
Tip:<br />
Download de lijst met geharmoniseerde normen en bekijk welke C-normen<br />
(productspecifiek) van toepassing kunnen zijn.<br />
13<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Veiligheid berekenen met EN ISO 13849:<br />
Begrippen:<br />
MTTFd (Mean Time To dangerous Failure)<br />
Statistische variabele die het aantal jaren aangeeft waarbij<br />
63% van de geteste componenten gevaarlijk uitvalt<br />
MTTFd = 2x MTTF<br />
(Datasheet met <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> MTTFd: RE08012)<br />
B10d (number of cycles)<br />
Gemiddeld aantal schakelingen waarbij 10% van het aantal<br />
geteste componenten gevaarlijk uitgevallen is<br />
B10d = 2x B10<br />
PFHd (Probable number of dangerous failures per hour)<br />
Gemiddelde aantal mogelijk gevaarlijk falen per uur<br />
T10d (service time)<br />
Gemiddelde tijd totdat 10% van het aantal geteste<br />
componenten gevaarlijk uitgevallen is<br />
Tm (mission Time)<br />
Theoretische levensduur van de machine (standaard 20 jaar)<br />
nop (number of operations)<br />
Aantal schakelingen per jaar<br />
14<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Veiligheid berekenen met EN ISO 13849:<br />
PLr volgens ISO 13849-1<br />
(Performance level required)<br />
Zwaarte van verwonding<br />
S1: Lichte verwonding<br />
S2: Zware verwonding<br />
Frequentie en blootstellingsduur<br />
F1: Zelden tot soms en/of kort<br />
F2: Vaak en/of lange blootstelling<br />
Mogelijkheid tot ontwijken of<br />
beperken van schade<br />
P1: Mogelijk onder bepaalde<br />
omstandigheden<br />
P2: Bijna onmogelijk<br />
15<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Veiligheid berekenen met EN ISO 13849:<br />
Opbouw van het Performance level<br />
Tabel K1 ISO 13849-1<br />
‣ Systeem categorie (B, 1, 2, 3, 4)<br />
‣ Betrouwbaarheid componenten (MTTFd, B10d)<br />
‣ Diagnostic coverage (DC) (alleen bij cat. 2,3,4)<br />
PFHd<br />
-> PL<br />
F1<br />
Sensor<br />
K1<br />
PLC<br />
1V3<br />
Voorstuurventiel<br />
1V4<br />
Terugslagklep<br />
1V5<br />
Ventiel<br />
1S3<br />
Schakelaar<br />
16<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Veiligheid berekenen met EN ISO 13849:<br />
Totale MTTFd berekenen van de hydraulische schakeling<br />
1V3<br />
(MTTFd= 150J)<br />
1V5<br />
(MTTFd= 150J)<br />
1V4<br />
(MTTFd= 150J)<br />
Kanaal 1<br />
Kanaal 2<br />
Redundantie<br />
Cat . 3 of 4<br />
1S3<br />
(DC=99%)<br />
Procedure:<br />
1- MTTFd berekenen per kanaal<br />
2- MTTFd berekenen beide kanalen<br />
17<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Veiligheid berekenen met EN ISO 13849:<br />
MTTFd berekenen kanaal 1<br />
1V3<br />
(MTTFd= 150J)<br />
1V4<br />
(MTTFd= 150J)<br />
Kanaal 1<br />
1V5<br />
(MTTFd= 150J)<br />
Kanaal 2<br />
1S3<br />
(DC=99%)<br />
Kanaal 1=<br />
MTTFd kanaal 1 = 75 jaar<br />
18<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Veiligheid berekenen met EN ISO 13849:<br />
MTTFd berekenen kanaal 2<br />
1V3<br />
(MTTFd= 150J)<br />
1V4<br />
(MTTFd= 150J)<br />
Kanaal 1<br />
1V5<br />
(MTTFd= 150J)<br />
Kanaal 2<br />
1S3<br />
(DC=99%)<br />
MTTFd kanaal 2 = 150 jaar<br />
19<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Veiligheid berekenen met EN ISO 13849:<br />
MTTFd berekenen kanaal 1 + 2<br />
1V3 + 1V4<br />
(MTTFd= 75J)<br />
1V5<br />
(MTTFd= 150J)<br />
Kanaal 1<br />
Kanaal 2<br />
MTTFd totaal<br />
= 88 jaar<br />
1S3<br />
(DC=99%)<br />
Let op! per kanaal MTTFd = max. 100 jaar!<br />
20<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Veiligheid berekenen met EN ISO 13849:<br />
DCavg berekenen (stap 6):<br />
(gemiddelde Diagnostic Coverage)<br />
DC1= 90-99%<br />
(Indirect monitoring)<br />
Hydraulisch verbonden<br />
(daarom indirect maar wel<br />
99%)<br />
DC2= 99%<br />
(Direct monitoring)<br />
DC3= 60%<br />
(Proces) (DC= “low” volgens ISO 13849-1)<br />
21<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Veiligheid berekenen met EN ISO 13849:<br />
DCavg= 86%<br />
‣ Systeem categorie (B, 1, 2, 3, 4)<br />
• Redundantie -> Cat 3 of 4<br />
PFHd bepalen hydrauliek<br />
‣ Betrouwbaarheid componenten (MTTFd, B10d)<br />
• MTTFd totaal -> 88 jaar<br />
‣ Diagnostic coverage (DC) (bij cat. 2,3,4)<br />
• DC gemiddeld -> 86 % (low)<br />
MTTFd= 88 Jaar<br />
22<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
<strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> <strong>Experience</strong> <strong>Day</strong><br />
Veiligheid bij mobiele installaties<br />
• Veiligheid berekenen met EN ISO 13849:<br />
Opbouw van het totale Performance level<br />
Om het totale PL te kunnen bepalen dient men de PFHd’s op te tellen<br />
Input Logic Output<br />
<strong>Rexroth</strong><br />
HM20,<br />
Cat. 3,<br />
MTTfd =<br />
315Jaar<br />
DC = 60%<br />
<strong>Rexroth</strong><br />
Bodas<br />
RC28-14<br />
Cat. 3,<br />
MTTFd=<br />
100Jaar<br />
DC= 90%<br />
Hydraulische<br />
schakeling:<br />
Cat. 3,<br />
MTTFd=<br />
88Jaar<br />
DC= 86%<br />
PLd<br />
PFHd=<br />
1.01 x 10-7<br />
PFHd=<br />
4.29×10–8<br />
PFHd=<br />
1.35×10–7<br />
+ + =<br />
PFHd_totaal=<br />
2.79 x10-7<br />
23<br />
08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
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08/10/2013 | Wouter Leusden DCBN SLE/SET1 | © <strong>Bosch</strong> <strong>Rexroth</strong> AG 2013. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing,<br />
distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.