The path to Industrialization
The path to Industrialization
The path to Industrialization
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<strong>The</strong> <strong>path</strong> <strong>to</strong> <strong>Industrialization</strong> 2012/07/02<br />
<strong>The</strong> <strong>path</strong> <strong>to</strong><br />
<strong>Industrialization</strong><br />
Video on the Early Stage of<br />
Development of Japanese Economy<br />
FUJIKAWA, Kiyoshi & Christian Otchia<br />
GSID, Nagoya University<br />
Contents of the Video<br />
•Tokugawa (=Edo) Period<br />
•Closed & stable country<br />
•Base of human capital<br />
•Industrial Policy in Meiji era<br />
•Start of a new nation<br />
•<strong>Industrialization</strong> for growth<br />
•Imitation, localization,<br />
and Innovation<br />
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What is Edo Period?<br />
•Imperial Government in Kyo<strong>to</strong> &<br />
Military Government in Edo<br />
•Military system turned <strong>to</strong> be<br />
bureaucracy in Edo period.<br />
•Education system for both<br />
Samurai(Soldiers) and Citizens<br />
Perry Came <strong>to</strong> Japan in 1853<br />
<strong>to</strong> Demand “open-door”<br />
•Edo government opened Japan<br />
•Keen friction between two<br />
Governments<br />
•Imperial Government tried <strong>to</strong> fight<br />
against western countries, but soon<br />
gave up.<br />
•A civil war happened in 1867<br />
•Imperial Government won<br />
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Fujikawa Kiyoshi 1
<strong>The</strong> <strong>path</strong> <strong>to</strong> <strong>Industrialization</strong> 2012/07/02<br />
Policy of Meiji imperial<br />
government<br />
•Introduction of modern technology <strong>to</strong><br />
make Japan strong & rich<br />
• 富 国 強 兵 :Fukoku Kyohei<br />
•“Strong Army” (UK, USA)<br />
• 殖 産 興 業 :Shokusan Kogyo<br />
•“<strong>Industrialization</strong>” (Europe, USA)<br />
Teachers of Technology<br />
•Iron: Dutch, Germany, USA<br />
•Silk yarn: France<br />
•Cot<strong>to</strong>n yarn: UK<br />
•Shipbuilding: USA<br />
•Train system: UK<br />
•Medical service, Government<br />
system : Germany<br />
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Iron & Steel<br />
•Mr. Osima Taka<strong>to</strong> ( 大 島 高 任 )<br />
•Localized Dutch Design<br />
•Failure in Kamaishi ( 釜 石 )<br />
by German assistance<br />
•First Fanes in Yahata ( 八 幡 )<br />
built in 1901<br />
•Technology <strong>to</strong> fit the local<br />
circumstances<br />
Silk Yarn<br />
•Tomioka ( 富 岡 ) Fac<strong>to</strong>ry by French<br />
assistance<br />
•Both Equipment and Energy were<br />
<strong>to</strong>o expensive<br />
•Improvement for cheep operation<br />
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Fujikawa Kiyoshi 2
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Secrete of Japan’s Development<br />
•Imitation of foreign technology<br />
•Education as a base of<br />
technological localization<br />
•Diligent educated workers <strong>to</strong><br />
innovate (improve) technology<br />
Au<strong>to</strong>mobiles<br />
•Toyota Sakichi 豊 田 佐 吉 was a<br />
inven<strong>to</strong>r of cot<strong>to</strong>n weaving<br />
machinery<br />
•Machinery technology make it<br />
easy <strong>to</strong> imitate car production by<br />
his son.<br />
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High Growth<br />
•during 1955-70<br />
Average growth rate 10%<br />
•Technology transfer<br />
•Cost down<br />
•Export increase<br />
•Income growth<br />
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Fujikawa Kiyoshi 3
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