Slope stability along active and passive continental margins ... - E-LIB

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Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Zusammenfassung .................................................................................................................................. 3 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Motivation ...................................................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Submarine slope stability processes ............................................................................................... 9 1.2.1 Types of submarine mass movements .................................................................................... 9 1.2.2 Preconditioning factors and triggering mechanisms of submarine mass movements ........... 11 1.2.3 Geotechnical study of submarine mass movements ............................................................. 13 1.3 Regional setting of case studies: passive vs. active continental margins ..................................... 16 1.3.1 Uruguayan and northern Argentine margin: passive margin ................................................ 18 1.3.2 Gela basin, central Mediterranean continental margin: foreland basin-active margin .......... 20 1.3.3 Ligurian basin, southeastern French continental margin: back-arc basin-active margin ...... 22 1.4 Methods ........................................................................................................................................ 24 1.4.1 Geophysical methods ............................................................................................................ 24 1.4.2 Coring and sedimentological methods .................................................................................. 24 1.4.3 Geotechnical methods ........................................................................................................... 26 1.5 Outline of the thesis ..................................................................................................................... 31 References .......................................................................................................................................... 32 2 Geotechnical characteristics and slope stability along the Uruguayan and northern Argentine margin ................................................................................................................................................... 41 2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 42 2.2 Regional geological, morphological and oceanographic settings ................................................. 42 2.3 Material and methods ................................................................................................................... 45 2.3.1 Shipboard tests ...................................................................................................................... 46 2.3.2 Laboratory tests .................................................................................................................... 46 2.3.3 Overpressure estimation ....................................................................................................... 46 2.3.4 Slope stability assessment ..................................................................................................... 47 2.3.5 Prediction of peak ground acceleration (PGA) ..................................................................... 48 2.4 Results .......................................................................................................................................... 49 2.4.1 Physical and geotechnical properties of sediments ............................................................... 49 2.4.2 Slope stability analysis ......................................................................................................... 54 2.5 Discussion .................................................................................................................................... 56 2.5.1 Preconditioning factors ......................................................................................................... 56 2.5.2 Triggering mechanisms ........................................................................................................ 57 2.5.3 Slope failure modes between open slope versus canyon .................................................... 58 2.5.4 Slope failures along the Uruguayan and northern Argentine margin versus slope failures on other passive margins .................................................................................................................. 59 2.6 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 60 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................ 60 References .......................................................................................................................................... 60
3 Submarine slope stability assessment of the central Mediterranean continental margin: the Gela Basin ............................................................................................................................................. 65 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 65 3.2 Geological setting ......................................................................................................................... 66 3.3 Material and methods ................................................................................................................... 66 3.3.1 Shipboard and laboratory analysis ........................................................................................ 66 3.3.2 Overpressure estimation ....................................................................................................... 68 3.3.3 Slope stability analysis ......................................................................................................... 68 3.4 Results .......................................................................................................................................... 69 3.4.1 Physical and geotechnical properties .................................................................................... 69 3.4.2 Slope stability analysis ......................................................................................................... 70 3.5 Discussion .................................................................................................................................... 71 3.5.1 Preconditioning factors ......................................................................................................... 71 3.5.2 Triggering factors ................................................................................................................. 72 3.6 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 73 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................ 73 References .......................................................................................................................................... 73 4 Geotechnical characteristics and slope stability analysis on the deeper slope of the Ligurian margin, Southern France ..................................................................................................................... 77 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 78 4.2 Regional geological, morphological and oceanographic settings ................................................. 78 4.3 Material and methods ................................................................................................................... 80 4.3.1 Laboratory tests .................................................................................................................... 80 4.3.2 Slope stability analysis ......................................................................................................... 80 4.4 Results .......................................................................................................................................... 81 4.4.1 Physical and geotechnical properties .................................................................................... 81 4.4.2 Slope stability analysis ......................................................................................................... 84 4.5 Discussion .................................................................................................................................... 85 4.5.1 Preconditioning factors of WS and ES: superficial failure vs. deep-seated failure............... 85 4.5.2 The influence of earthquake to the slope stability ................................................................ 86 4.6 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................. 87 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................ 87 References .......................................................................................................................................... 87 5 Conclusion and outlook ..................................................................................................................... 89 5.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 89 5.2 Outlook ......................................................................................................................................... 90 References .......................................................................................................................................... 91 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................... 93 Appendix A: Core descriptions, physical and geotechnical properties of Uruguayan and northern Argentine margin ......................................................................................................................... 95 Appendix B: Core descriptions, physical and geotechnical properties of Gela Basin .................. 113
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Page 3: Name: Ai, Fei Datum: 15-07-2013 Ans
Page 7 and 8: Abstract old landslide named Northe
Page 9 and 10: Zussamenfassung geringeren inneren
Page 12 and 13: 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation In re
Page 14 and 15: 1 Introduction 1.2 Submarine slope
Page 16 and 17: 1 Introduction 1.2.2 Preconditionin
Page 18 and 19: 1 Introduction 1.2.3 Geotechnical s
Page 20 and 21: 1 Introduction S u FS ' z sin cos
Page 22 and 23: 1 Introduction Fig. 1.5 Location ma
Page 24 and 25: 1 Introduction et al. 2011). The sl
Page 26 and 27: 1 Introduction occurrence of a subs
Page 28 and 29: 1 Introduction (1) superficial slop
Page 30 and 31: 1 Introduction measurements; the wo
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Page 34 and 35: 1 Introduction The conductivity val
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2 Geotechnical characteristics and
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3 Submarine slope stability assessm
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5 Conclusion and outlook 5.1 Conclu
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5 Conclusions and forwards For bett
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