MGNREGA_SAMEEKSHA

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Bibliography 83 Abstract: Using primary data collected during 2007–08, the authors have examined the nutritional status with respect to the two macronutrients (calories and protein) as well as various micronutrients of rural households in three Indian states— Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan. They have found that, by and large, there are serious deficiencies with regard to consumption of various nutrients in all the three States. With this as a background, they model the impact of two policy interventions (NREG and PDS) on nutrient intake. In addition to OLS and IV estimations for each nutrient for each State, they also conduct systems estimation for each nutrient for all States. In many cases, there are significant effects of the two policy interventions on nutrient intakes. The impact effects of a change in the policy measures are also computed and found to vary across nutrients and States. Finally, in order to assess the impact on an index of under-nutrition, both the nutrientincome relation and how the proportions of undernourished vary must be taken into account. As their analysis demonstrates, a preoccupation with the former could be misleading. Birner, R., K. Gayathridevi, K.G, Raabe, E. Schiffer, and M. Sekhar, ‘How to Overcome the Governance Challenges of Implementing NREGA’, Discussion Paper 00963, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), 2010. Abstract: The study is based on two districts of Bihar and indicates the following problems: Governance issues in the NREGA implementation, elite capture in the definition of projects, exclusion in issuing of job cards, lack of awareness and capacity among rural citizens, misappropriation of funds, lack of capacity due to staff shortages and lack of training. Bonner, K., J. Daum, J. Duncan, E. Dinsmore, K. Fuglesten, L. Lai et al., MGNREGA Implementation: A Cross-State Comparison, Woodrow Wilson School, New Jersey: Princeton University, 2012. Abstract: The study looks at MGNREGA performance in Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh with regard to the influence of socioeconomic characteristics of the States, political influences and organisational capacity of respective State governments. Findings indicate that aside from leadership commitment, State-level politics have minimal impact on MGNREGA’s implementation. Rather, it is the strength of the district, block, and GP’s administrative and organisational capacity that appears to be a determining factor of success. In Tamil Nadu, MGNREGA’s favourable performance is primarily due to effective administrative capacity. In contrast to Tamil Nadu’s top-down implementation, MGNREGA in Uttar Pradesh (UP) has entrusted significant responsibility to staff at the GP level. Yet GPs are often not equipped with sufficient resources, skills or experience to effectively carry out. The study also shows that the obstacles to MGNREGA’s implementation in both Tamil Nadu and UP include the States’ reluctance to disburse unemployment allowance to workers, and the questionable productivity of assets created through MGNREGA public works projects. Additionally, the higher participation of women under MGNREGA in Tamil Nadu is primarily attributed to cultural factors, effective state and local institutions, SHGs and high wage differences in private sectors. On the contrary, the low participation in UP is mainly due to caste and religion. Bordoloi, J., ‘Impact of NREGA on Wage Returns, Food Security and Rural-Urban Migration—Assam’, Report submitted to the Ministry of Agriculture, Jorhat: Agro-Economic Centre for North-East India, Assam Agricultural University, 2011. Abstract: The study was carried out in five districts of Assam to study the impact of MGNREGA on wage differentials and migration as well as to assess the Scheme’s processes and procedures. MGNREGA does not have a significant impact on migration because it is unable to meet the demand from wage seekers. On the positive side, the Scheme has reduced gender differentials in wages, a majority of beneficiaries perceive the assets created under MGNREGA as beneficial. Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), ‘A Study Report on Appraisal on MGNREGA Programme in Thane and Akola Districts of Maharashtra’, Report submitted to the Ministry of Rural Development/UNDP, Mumbai: CIFE, 2009. Abstract: The study undertook an assessment of MGNREGA in two districts of Maharashtra, Thane and Akola. The positive findings included significant representation of women and SCs and STs in MGNREGA works, increased employment opportunities, etc. The constraints identified were unemployment allowance not paid, delay in wage payments, lack of worksite facilities, etc. Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG), ‘Performance Audit of Implementation of National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA),’ Performance Audit Report No. 11, CAG, 2008.
84 Bibliography Abstract: At the request of the Ministry of Rural Development, the CAG undertook an audit in 2006 to evaluate how effectively States were making a transition from the earlier wage employment programmes to the MGNREGA. The audit was conducted in 26 States and the sample for the audit included 25 per cent of the MGNREGA districts in each State. The audit was conducted in the introductory phase of the Act and a majority of the findings of the audit were process deviations with regard to the National Guidelines. It is important to note that several States took action on the findings of the CAG and introduced systems to prevent procedural deviations and promote transparency in implementation of the Scheme. Centre for Education and Research Development (CERD), ‘NREGA Processes in Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh: Appraisal and Research Study’, Report submitted to the Ministry of Rural Development/UNDP, New Delhi: CERD, 2010. Abstract: CERD conducted a study to understand MGNREGA’s processes, procedures and impact.The research was initiated to assess not only the benefits and challenges of MGNREGA in Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, but also to study existing management practices for further replication, among other States and districts in similar circumstances. The districts of study were Chittoor and Vizianagaram in Andhra Pradesh and Shahdol and Seoni in Madhya Pradesh. The study did an analysis of both secondary data from MIS and field level data gathered through surveys, focus group discussions, case studies, etc. The research makes general recommendations on processes and procedures to ensure greater efficiency in the two States. A targeted approach in terms of empowering the vulnerable groups may need to be followed both towards creating awareness and for extending outreach in participation. Replicable practices include: Andhra Pradeshs systems of mobile musters and muster roll maintenance; weekly cycle of opening and closure of musters; Fixed Daily Activity Schedule in generating pay-orders/system of weekly cycle; and the system of wage cum withdrawal slips. Public private partnership may need to be explored and encouraged especially for enhancing awareness levels of wage seekers and the masses. Centre for Good Governance (CGG), ‘Social Audit of NREGS in Andhra Pradesh: Best Practice Notes on Social Accountability Initiatives in South Asia’, Hyderabad: CGG, 2009. Abstract: The report reviews the social audit system of Andhra Pradesh. It documents the institutional arrangements set up for the social audit, their impact and challenges in up-scaling them. Centre for Research in Rural and Industrial Development (CRRID), ‘Appraisal/Impact Assessment of NREGS in Selected Districts of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab and Haryana’, Report submitted to the Ministry of Rural Development/UNDP, CRRID, 2009. Abstract: CRRID conducted an assessment of MGNREGA in three districts, viz. Sirsa in Haryana, Sirmaur in Himachal Pradesh and Hoshiarpur in Punjab. The study aimed at identifying efficient management practices, procedures, processes, and recommending interventions and strategies for dissemination and upscaling. More than 62 per cent of the selected Panchayats in Sirsa district and nearly three-fourth Panchayats in Sirmaur district reported that agricultural productivity has increased due to MGNREGA activities. But more than 87 per cent panchayats of Hoshiarpur district reported that NREGA did not have any impact on agriculture and irrigation. Data gathered during the survey also indicated that there was no change in in-migration of the workers in Sirmaur and Hoshiarpur districts whereas 37 per cent Panchayats in Sirsa district reported that in-migration had decreased due to NREGA work at their native place. But on the other side there was a decrease in outmigration from the villagers. All the panchayats in Sirmaur, three-fourth in Hoshiarpur and 50 per cent in Sirsa reported that out-migration from their village had decreased. Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), ‘An Assessment of the Performance of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme in Terms of its Potential for Creation of Natural Wealth in India’s Villages’, Report submitted to the Ministry of Rural Development/UNDP, New: Delhi: CSE, 2008. Abstract: There have been a number of studies that look at the implementation of the act in terms of employment created as well as issues of wages, processes of implementation, feedback mechanisms, etc. However, few studies have actually focused on an assessment of the impact of the NREGA in terms of the realisation of its development potential. With the overwhelming considerations of ideology and corruption at the forefront, rarely have any of the studies attempted to look into the actual assets being created and their contribution towards long-term development and sustained employment generation in the villages. This study tries to bridge this lacuna by attempting to study the effectiveness of the assets created under the Act.
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MGNREGA Sameeksha ‘I will give yo
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MGNREGA Sameeksha An Anthology of R
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Contents List of Tables, Figures an
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Tables, Figures and Boxes Tables A:
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Foreword I In his famous talisman,
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Foreword xi There has been public c
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Abbreviations ADS AEO APL APO ATM B
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Abbreviations xvii RTI SAU SBI SC S
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2 MGNREGA Sameeksha Coverage The Ac
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4 MGNREGA Sameeksha Table A An Over
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6 MGNREGA Sameeksha per capita expe
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8 MGNREGA Sameeksha has had an impa
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10 MGNREGA Sameeksha Figure 1.1 Nom
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12 MGNREGA Sameeksha Line (APL) pop
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14 MGNREGA Sameeksha Box 1.1 MGNREG
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16 MGNREGA Sameeksha Micro-level da
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18 MGNREGA Sameeksha 2 Gender and S
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20 MGNREGA Sameeksha Scheme logisti
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22 MGNREGA Sameeksha male workers.
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24 MGNREGA Sameeksha the importance
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26 MGNREGA Sameeksha women need to
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28 MGNREGA Sameeksha Table 3.1 Tota
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30 MGNREGA Sameeksha the farmers ca
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Page 57 and 58: 38 MGNREGA Sameeksha 4 Environmenta
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Page 73 and 74: 54 MGNREGA Sameeksha 6 Governance a
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Page 85 and 86: 66 MGNREGA Sameeksha states, includ
Page 87 and 88: 68 MGNREGA Sameeksha soil. The cost
Page 89 and 90: 70 MGNREGA Sameeksha A summary of t
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Page 95 and 96: 76 MGNREGA Sameeksha The new Guidel
Page 97 and 98: 78 MGNREGA Sameeksha of MGNREGA, fr
Page 99 and 100: 80 Bibliography Ambasta, P., ‘MGN
Page 101: 82 Bibliography different regions,
Page 105 and 106: 86 Bibliography market. The questio
Page 107 and 108: 88 Bibliography cent) and on non-fo
Page 109 and 110: 90 Bibliography vulnerability. As a
Page 111 and 112: 92 Bibliography Abstract: IIM Shill
Page 113 and 114: 94 Bibliography Jameel Poverty Acti
Page 115 and 116: 96 Bibliography Abstract: The impac
Page 117 and 118: 98 Bibliography than 50 per cent in
Page 119 and 120: 100 Bibliography This adverse produ
Page 121 and 122: 102 Bibliography Planning Commissio
Page 123 and 124: 104 Bibliography some extent, in sh
Page 125 and 126: 106 Bibliography Abstract: The evid
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