Poland - IOW

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Abbreviations I Abbreviations BC benthic chamber C carbon DIN dissolved inorganic nitrogen DON dissolved organic nitrogen IN inorganic nitrogen L groundwater lance N nitrogen + NH 4 - NO 3 - NO 3 ammonium nitrate nitrite NO - 2/3 sum of NO - - 3 and NO 2 POM particulate organic matter SGD submarine groundwater discharge O 2 OM T oxygen organic matter push pull lance TDN total dissolved nitrogen
Abstract II Abstract The aim of this study was the investigation of nitrogen input to the Puck Bay (<strong>Poland</strong>) via submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and its ecological impact. Thus concentrations of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), nitrate, nitrite and ammonium were measured in pore waters of SGD impacted and unimpacted sites at Hel Penisula (<strong>Poland</strong>). Furthermore the δ 15 N-NH 4 + values as well as the δ 15 N and δ 13 C values of various organisms were determined. Nitrate and nitrate were nonexistent in the discharging groundwater and DON of pore water showed concentrations about 20 µmol L -1 , similar to the water column concentrations, but could not be associated with SGD. The dominant nitrogen species in the SGD was by far ammonium with concentrations ranging from 200 to 5000 µmol L -1 . This high range in concentrations also indicates the variability of nitrogen input in time and space. In order to identify the source of the ammonium in the SGD a deep and a shallow well were sampled on Hel Peninsula. Since both these wells contained only relatively low ammonium concentrations about 30 µmol L -1 the corresponding aquifers can not be the source of the high ammonium load of the SGD. It was therefore hypothesized that the ammonium may originate from organic rich sediment layers overlying a deep aquifer and that the ammonium is dissolved in groundwater from a deep aquifer seeping upwards through this layer prior to submarine discharge. The relatively low δ 15 N-NH 4 + values between 0 and 2 ‰ support such a hypothesis indicating a terrigenous source of nitrogen like degradation of soil organic matter. The high ammonium load of the SGD would therefore not be of anthropogenic origin. Ammonium from SGD was mostly conservatively mixed into the water column without any significant transformation. Extrapolations from ammonium flux rates of the SGD to the whole Puck Bay indicate a high overall nitrogen load from SGD compared to other nitrogen sources. However, the ammonium load from SGD did not seem to have a significant impact on the Puck Bay ecosystem since organisms sampled on the SGD impacted site showed the same δ 15 N values as organisms sampled from the SGD unimpacted Baltic Sea side and the two food webs looked quite similar. Finally, to exactly understand the sources and sinks of ammonium from SGD on Hel Penisula and its ecological significance further investigations of the hydrogeological conditions and the ecosystem of the Puck Bay are necessary.
Page 1: Input and fate of dissolved nitroge
Page 5 and 6: Abstract IV Um die Quellen und Senk
Page 7 and 8: Introduction 1 1 Introduction Eutro
Page 9 and 10: Introduction 3 where one aspect dea
Page 11 and 12: Introduction 5 producer and consume
Page 13 and 14: Material and Methods 7 Sampling too
Page 15 and 16: Material and Methods 9 The main sam
Page 17 and 18: Material and Methods 11 Figure 2.4:
Page 19 and 20: Material and Methods 13 Figure 2.5:
Page 21 and 22: Material and Methods 15 t indicates
Page 23 and 24: Material and Methods 17 f = N N s s
Page 25 and 26: Material and Methods 19 Due to low
Page 27 and 28: Material and Methods 21 f = S P −
Page 29 and 30: Results 23 Table 3.1: Number of sam
Page 31 and 32: Results 25 Figure 3.2: Ammonium (NH
Page 33 and 34: Results 27 positioned closest to th
Page 35 and 36: Results 29 The mixing behaviour of
Page 37 and 38: Results 31 Figure 3.6: Ammonium (NH
Page 39 and 40: Results 33 values found in the seas
Page 41 and 42: Results 35 conservative mixing line
Page 43 and 44: Results 37 3.5 Benthic Chambers To
Page 45 and 46: Results 39 3.6 Core incubation expe
Page 47 and 48: Results 41 δ 13 C values about -18
Page 49 and 50: Results 43 Figure 3.15: Isotope dia
Page 51 and 52: Discussion 45 4 Discussion 4.1 SGD
Page 53 and 54:
Discussion 47 Table 4.1: Seepage ra
Page 55 and 56:
Discussion 49 data to calculate a m
Page 57 and 58:
Discussion 51 maxima were approxima
Page 59 and 60:
Discussion 53 reduction. This means
Page 61 and 62:
Discussion 55 Table 4.3: Different
Page 63 and 64:
Discussion 57 Table 4.4: Different
Page 65 and 66:
Discussion 59 NH + 4 values. The 18
Page 67 and 68:
Discussion 61 ammonium (more than 5
Page 69 and 70:
Discussion 63 (McClelland et al., 1
Page 71 and 72:
Bibliography 65 Burdige, D.J. & Zhe
Page 73 and 74:
Bibliography 67 Jankowska, H., Matc
Page 75 and 76:
Bibliography 69 Moore, W.S. (2010)
Page 77 and 78:
Bibliography 71 Thamdrup, B. & Dals
Page 79:
Selbständigkeitserklärung 73 Selb
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Poland - IOW

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