a socio-economic baseline assessment of the mnazi bay - IUCN
a socio-economic baseline assessment of the mnazi bay - IUCN
a socio-economic baseline assessment of the mnazi bay - IUCN
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Table <strong>of</strong> Contents<br />
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.......................................................................................................................... vi<br />
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...........................................................................................................................vii<br />
1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................... 1<br />
1.1 Background to <strong>the</strong> <strong>socio</strong>-<strong>economic</strong> <strong>assessment</strong> ........................................................................ 1<br />
1.2 Aims and objectives <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>socio</strong> <strong>economic</strong> <strong>assessment</strong>............................................................ 2<br />
1.3 Sites ............................................................................................................................................ 4<br />
1.4 Methods ...................................................................................................................................... 5<br />
1.5 The Research Team ................................................................................................................... 8<br />
2 Background <strong>socio</strong>-<strong>economic</strong> information ............................................................................................ 9<br />
2.1 Location, population, wealth and services .................................................................................. 9<br />
2.2 Economic base and livelihood activities...................................................................................... 9<br />
2.3 Fishing....................................................................................................................................... 10<br />
2.4 Resource status ........................................................................................................................ 10<br />
2.5 Resource governance ............................................................................................................... 11<br />
2.6 Opportunities in <strong>the</strong> MBREMP .................................................................................................. 11<br />
3 General Occupational structure and dependence on marine and o<strong>the</strong>r resources in<br />
<strong>the</strong> Marine Park................................................................................................................................ 13<br />
3.1 Demographics/Marine Park stakeholders ................................................................................. 13<br />
3.2 A wide range <strong>of</strong> activities in <strong>the</strong> Marine Park............................................................................ 14<br />
3.3 General occupational structure <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Marine Park .................................................................. 15<br />
3.4 Focus on fishing ........................................................................................................................ 19<br />
3.5 Summary................................................................................................................................... 24<br />
4 Understanding better fisheries related livelihoods ............................................................................ 25<br />
4.1 Who are <strong>the</strong> Marine Park marine resource stakeholders? ....................................................... 25<br />
4.2 Fishing systems, use patterns .................................................................................................. 27<br />
4.3 Seaweed farming ...................................................................................................................... 42<br />
4.4 Shell collecting and trading ....................................................................................................... 43<br />
4.5 Trading <strong>of</strong> fish, cephalopods, crustaceans and holothurians.................................................... 47<br />
4.6 Conflicts, issues and challenges............................................................................................... 53<br />
4.7 Summary................................................................................................................................... 55<br />
5 Socio-<strong>economic</strong> status ...................................................................................................................... 58<br />
5.1 Measuring <strong>socio</strong>-<strong>economic</strong> status............................................................................................. 58<br />
5.2 Results: Asset distribution......................................................................................................... 60<br />
5.3 Investigating links between wealth and activity ........................................................................ 63<br />
5.4 Summary................................................................................................................................... 68<br />
6 Discussion and recommendations .................................................................................................... 70<br />
6.1 Issues and suggestions for management and livelihood development .................................... 70<br />
6.2 Recommendations for monitoring ............................................................................................. 74<br />
7 Concluding remarks .......................................................................................................................... 82<br />
8 References ........................................................................................................................................ 83<br />
9 Appendices........................................................................................................................................ 86<br />
Appendix 1: Training material for <strong>the</strong> occupational structure (including interview guide) ........................ 86<br />
Appendix 2: Training material for <strong>the</strong> Resource Use patterns focus groups............................................ 88<br />
Appendix 2: Training material for <strong>the</strong> Resource Use patterns focus groups............................................ 89<br />
Appendix 3: Data entry Template (for ease <strong>of</strong> presentation <strong>the</strong> categories have been<br />
copied under each o<strong>the</strong>r, instead <strong>of</strong> staying in one row)................................................................. 96<br />
Appendix 4: Interview guides Resource use patterns ..............................................................................98<br />
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