Agreement DE-FC26-02NT15342, Seismic Evaluation of ...

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Disclaimer: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Agreement DE-FC26-02NT15342, Seismic Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Saturation 2
Abstract: During this last quarter of the "Seismic Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Saturation in Deep- Water Reservoirs" project (Grant/Cooperative Agreement DE-FC26-02NT15342), we finalized integration of rock physics, well log analysis, seismic processing, and forward modeling techniques. Most of the last quarter was spent combining the results from the principal investigators and come to some final conclusions about the project. Also much of the effort was directed towards technology transfer through the Direct Hydrocarbon Indicators mini-symposium at UH and through publications. During this quarter we have: - Tested a new method to directly invert reservoir properties, water saturation, Sw, and porosity from seismic AVO attributes - Constrained the seismic response based on fluid and rock property correlations - Reprocessed seismic data from Ursa field - Compared thin layer property distributions and averaging on AVO response - Related pressures and sorting effects on porosity and their influence on DHI’s. - Examined and compared gas saturation effects for deep and shallow reservoirs - Performed forward modeling using geobodies from deepwater outcrops - Documented velocities for deepwater sediments - Continued incorporating outcrop descriptive models in seismic forward models - Held an open DHI symposium to present the final results of the project - Relations between Sw, porosity, and AVO attributes - Models of Complex, Layered Reservoirs - Technology transfer Several factors can contribute to limit our ability to extract accurate hydrocarbon saturations in deep water environments. Rock and fluid properties are one factor, since, for example, hydrocarbon properties will be considerably different with great depths (high pressure) when compared to shallow properties. Significant over pressure, on the other hand will make the rocks behave as if they were shallower. In addition to the physical properties, the scale and tuning will alter our hydrocarbon indicators. Gas saturated reservoirs change reflection amplitudes significantly. The goal for the final project period was to systematically combine and document these various effects for use in deep water exploration and transfer this knowledge as clearly and effectively as possible. Agreement DE-FC26-02NT15342, Seismic Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Saturation 3
Page 1: June 29, 2006 Seismic Evaluation of
Page 5 and 6: Ursa Data .........................
Page 7 and 8: Figures: Figure 1. Relationship of
Page 9 and 10: Figure 38. Schematic of geometry an
Page 11 and 12: Figure 73. The extracted wavelet an
Page 13 and 14: Executive Summary: In this joint pr
Page 15 and 16: Results and Discussion Introduction
Page 17 and 18: Inversion of Sw and porosity from s
Page 19 and 20: saturation from seismic data. Valid
Page 21 and 22: The Lagrange function (5) has a sad
Page 23 and 24: ρ ma − ρ + ( ρ w − ρ g ) ×
Page 25 and 26: With a water saturation log calcula
Page 27 and 28: Figure 11. permeability versus poro
Page 29 and 30: Figure 13. Measured dry and brine s
Page 31 and 32: Figure 15. The HP (deep) sands have
Page 33 and 34: pressure-porosity relations. The n
Page 35 and 36: Figure 19. measure dry and brine sa
Page 37 and 38: Relations between Sw, porosity, and
Page 39 and 40: Figure 21. An example realization o
Page 41 and 42: otherwise the seismic properties we
Page 43 and 44: correctly reproduce those found in
Page 45 and 46: study of field data from the Teal S
Page 47 and 48: Figure 30. Spectral decomposed pres
Page 49 and 50: (Adapted from CSM Slope and Basin C
Page 51 and 52: Figure 34. Sequence stratigraphic f
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Figure 36. Schematic depiction of c
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Figure 38. Schematic of geometry an
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Figure 40. Middle slope channel (Ad
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Figure 43. Amalgamated sandstone sh
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CHANNEL AXIS SINGLE STORY CHANNEL C
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MEDIAL LEVEE/OVERBANK 7.62 cm Figur
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L1054 L1041 • Ursa Well A4 Green=
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1.9 miles 37 ft Fizz 19 ft Oil 4.0
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esults in shifts followed by subsid
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Figure 55. Schematic of depositiona
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4 miles 1.5 s 2 s 3 s Hydrocarbon I
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In addition to comparing calculated
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Figure 61. Shear velocity trend for
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each reservoir interval modeled. Th
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Figure 65. Histograms of frequency
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the pressure trends were analyzed,
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P Impedance Model Synthetic 2 -D Mo
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Above Magenta reservoir model The A
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Figure 73. The extracted wavelet an
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saturation and 50% gas saturation.
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Figure 77. The amalgamated channel
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Figure 79. Channel complex model 2
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Figure 81. AVO stack and gathers fo
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Figure 82. Log signature includes g
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Figure 85. Extracted wavelet and mo
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Figure 87. Amalgamated sheet sand m
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Figure 89. Pseudo logs, wavelet, sy
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Figure 90. Medial basin floor chann
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Figure 92. Pseudo logs, wavelet, sy
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Figure 94. The post stack seismic e
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Figure 96. Statistically extracted
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Figure 98. The proximal levee overb
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Figure 99. The response of the prox
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Figure 101. The pseudo log, wavelet
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Figure 102. The distal levee overba
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Figure 104. The complex well log ba
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then scaled to the model data by mu
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Figure 107. The Ursa log displays g
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Figure 109. Composite reflection co
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Conclusions One of the main conclus
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Table 5 Summary of the model facies
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REFERENCES Alford, R. M., Kelly, K.
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Gardner, M. H., Anderson, D. A., Bo
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Mahaffie, M.J., 1994, Reservoir cla
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Rothman, D.H., Grotzinger, J.P., Fl
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Vail, P., 1977, Seismic Stratigraph
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downlap (Mtchum, 1977): A base-disc
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direction and downlap onto the tran
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Agreement DE-FC26-02NT15342, Seismi
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APPENDIX E: VALUES USED FOR RESERVO
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