SDC2013 - NUS - Home

FOR INTERNAL CIRCULATION ONLY JAN/FEB 2012 ISSUE 1
SPY!
SDC2013
We bring you the latest update to the
development of the solar house for Solar
Decathlon China 2013
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con plautem
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Solar Decathlon China
What does it mean for NUS?
• It provides participating students with unique training that prepares them to enter the clean-energy
workforce.
The Solar Decathlon in 2011 provided more than 350000 house visits to the public over 10 days, offered 31
workshops onsite for the public and held a dedicated day of six workshops for builders and industry, and
reached millions of readers and viewers in markets across the globe through various media.
NUS has been invited to the Solar Decathlon 2013 that will be taking place in Datong, China. By embarking
on such a journey the students of NUS will experience what if feels like to work on an industrial sized
project. Also student leadership is a key factor in this competition. By being part of this competition the
students of NUS will learn how education is much more than what you learn in class and as a result will
be more all-rounded to tackle problems they may encounter further in their career. Additionally it gives
everyone a chance to learn more about other aspects of the competition even beyond the scope of their
individual team.
There are a total of 23 competing teams including NUS in the Solar Decathlon China 2013.
Besides building the solar house for competition, the competition house will be brought back to Singapore,
where it will form part of a bigger house. The completed house will be used as a platform for NUS to
showcase the various existing green technologies!
Solar analysis of a potential NUS scheme
The U.S. Department of Energy Solar Decathlon challenges collegiate
teams to design, build, and operate solar-powered houses that are costeffective,
energy-efficient, and attractive. The winner of the competition
is the team that best blends affordability, consumer appeal, and design
excellence with optimal energy production and maximum efficiency.
The solar decathlon has three main purposes:
• To educate student participants and the public about the many cost-saving
opportunities presented by clean energy products.
• To demonstrate to the public the opportunities presented by cost-effectiveness
houses that combine energy-efficient construction and appliances with renewable
energy systems that are available today.
SDC2013 will be held
in Datong, China
23 teams
36 universities
13 countries
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OUR PROJECT
PHILOSOPHY
Our mission is to design, build and operate a
solar-powered home, with architects, builders
and engineers collaborating from the inception
concept to completion.
Houses of previous
Solar Decathlon
editions
While the focus of our efforts is on the local
context, we aim to incorporate contemporary,
innovative and sustainable design solutions,
suitable for an urban and tropical setting, to
address living-space constraints and climatic
challenges.
Being the first-ever project in NUS which
spans across 3 faculties, 8 different
departments, this project aims to
bring out the best of everyone.
Whether you are an architect,
an engineer or someone who
works quietly behind the
scene, this project wants
you to find an enjoyable
and meaningful educational
experience during the entire
journey from inception to
completion.
Our goal is to achieve a house which
showcases the various innovative green
technologies , addressing space and
climate constraints. Not just
off-the-shelves commerical
technologies. We want this
house to be a spring-board for
everyone to be an inventor.
Be it the doors, PV or aircon
systems, or even a simple
change in the way we work,
we want everyone to be creative
problem solvers.
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Who is competing?
Let’s take a quick look at the universities participating in SDC2013!
Sweden
Chalmers University of Technology
England-China
London Metropolitan University and
Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts
23 teams
36 universities
13 countries
Switzerland-China
Beijing Jiaotong University and Bern
University of Applied Sciences
China
Shanghai Jiaotong University
Xiamen University
Xi’an University of Architecture
and Technology
China-United States
Tsinghua University and Florida
International University
Peking University and University of
Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Egypt
American University in Cairo
Malaysia
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Israel
Tel Aviv University, Shenkar College of
Engineering and Design
Neri Bloomfield School of Design and
Education
College of Management Academic
Studies
Turkey
Middle East Technical University
SINGAPORE
National University of Singapore
Australia
University of Wollongong
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People
Faculty Advisor
Assistant Prof Huang Yi Chun
Architecture
civil eng.
Env Science eng.
Chen Yue Min Wynne
Qin Ling
Arnan Koh
Chen Zhen Yu
Yan Yan
Chia Jui Sin Andy
Cheng Xin Wei Julian
Ritvik Dhupkar
He Miao
Clarence Fung
Crystal Chew
Farhana Hossain
Goh Jia Li
Ho Jing Yu Verna
Joanne Gay
Kelvin Phua
Kew Xun Long
Lim Xu Fen Brenda
Lin YinYan Alvin
May Goh Sok Hui
Ng Kah Yee
Seow Limin Averilyn
Stephanie Wong Qing Ling
Tan Hong Yang Jason
Tan Yong Long Constans
Terrence Ho XiYing
Tristan Wu
Wang Jue
Xie Yang Lei
Electrical eng.
Li Xiong Yan
Li Zheng Tian
Peng Shujin
Gao Wen Juan
Maria Andriani
Surjanto
eng Science PRog
Chen Lianwei
Chen Yu
Cheng Youyang
Cindy Tang
Ding Zhiwei
Hou Chenxi
Li Ning
Luo Boyang
Malcolm Ong Jin Yuan
Michelle Julius
Ngo Yun Fun
Raghav Malhotra
Teo MingHui
FASs - economics
Vasudha Thirani
mechancial eng.
Chew Wen Xuan
Ho Jun De
Huang Yu
Lakshmi Balasubramaniam
Lim Kean Onn
Teo Tze Jie
Chong Wil Ther
Muhammad Hizam Bin Kamis
Yugal Kasbekar
pfm
Chen Xiao Qing
Le Vi Thanh
Lee Kah Mun
Ng Khoon Tze,
Theodore
external consultants
Mr Kelvin Kan (AgFacaDesign)
Ms Huay Xiaoxian (Huay Architects)
Prof Joachim Luther (SERIS)
Dr Khin Zaw (SERIS)
Assoc Prof Stephen Wittkopf (SERIS)
Dr Timothy Michael Walsh (SERIS)
consulting faculty
Assistant Prof Akshay Kumar Rathore
Assistant Prof Benny Raphael
Associate Prof Chandra Sekhar
Senior Lecturer Cheah Kok Ming
Associate Prof Christopher Yap
Associate Prof Joseph Lim Ee man
Assistant Prof Kua Harn Wei
Senior Lecturer Lim Guan Tiong
Professor Ng Kim Choon
Assistant Prof Palani Balaya
Assistant Prof Panida Jirutitijaroen
Associate Prof Sanjib Kumar Panda
Associate Prof Tse Swee Ling
Yang Zhengzhi
Nguyen Doong Binh
Stewart Ko
Tan Yoong Ying
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Project timeline
2012 2013
feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec
20 April
Schematic Design Proposal
26 may
Schematic Design Review
Workshop (China)
21 sep
Design Development
21 nov
Design Development
Review Workshop
conceptual & schematic
design
design development
construction documentation
aug
Competition
prototype
testing
fabrication &
construction
testing &
commissioning
disassembly &
ship to china
ship to
singapore
set up nus
facility
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1 Architecture
The overall architecture merits are
assessed in this contest. Scales,
proportions and composition of
architectural elements are some of the
components the jury look out for. Of
course, are there any innovative and
eco-friendly ways of using resources?
Market Appeal
2
In this contest, the marketibilty
and buildability are being assessed.
Does the house meet the needs of the
user? Is it comfortable and delightful
to stay in? Lastly, are the drawing
plans sufficiently documented for a
contractor to estimate cost quickly?
3 Engineering
The engineering design merits
are being assessed in this contest.
How reliable are the systems? Do
they function as intented? Are the
implemented system useful in reducing
energy cost? Lastly, are the engineering
drawings and results accurate?
?
Decathlon
noun
Pronounced dih-kath-lon
Greek origin, from δέκα (déka,
meaning “ten”) and ἄθλος
(áthlos, or ἄθλον, áthlon,
meaning “ feat”)
Traditionally, the title of
“World’s Greatest Athlete” has
been given to the man who wins
the decathlon. This began when
King Gustav V of Sweden told
Jim Thorpe, “You, sir, are the
world’s greatest athlete” after
Thorpe won the decathlon at the
Stockholm Olympics in 1912.
4 Communications
Website, public exhibit materials,
presentation and video walkthrough
are assessed in this contest. Do the
materials appeal? Do they bring
across the intended idea clearly and
accurately?
Yes, now you know that we are participating in the Solar Decathlon, but what does
Decathlon mean?
Check out our quick guide to the 10 contests...
Source: wikipedia.com
5 Solar
application
6 Comfort
hot water
7
8 appliances
9 home
entertainment
10 Energy
balance
Are the solar panels strategically
placed? Are there innovative ways
to utilize solar power? This contest
is about good engineering practice
and being ingenius! Lastly, are the
solar systems economically sound to
implement?
Humans react badly to high
temperature and high humidity. This
contest requires the house to maintain
a strict temperature range of 22°C to
25°C and a low relative humidity of
60%.
A nice warm of coffee, a hot shower.
What else can you ask for? This contest
requires at least 60L of hot water of
at least 45°C being discharged from
the tap within 10 minutes. (PS. The
water collected from the house is nonpotable,
so please do not make coffee.)
Think you can beat the game by using
appliances with ultra-low power
consumption? This contest tests the
quality of the appliances; how well does
it dry the clothes, is the freezer able to
keep within the temperature range? It
is a game of efficiency and quality.
Now you have got your house, it’s time
to invite your friends over for a party
and a night movie! This contest tests
how well does your house cope with the
additional stress required to sustain a
high-energy lifestyle. Of course, who
would want a blackout in a party?
Your party is over, you had all the
fun. Now let’s see how much energy
you have used over the 10 days. Are
you a powerhouse or are you a power
drainer? It determines if your house is
a true solar house or just a marketing
gimmick.
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house!
Modularity
To address the issue on the urban density situation
that has relevance in Asia, this design took on the challenge
of Modularity. Re-configurability and flexibility are the
ultimate goal of this design concept. Much like a “Lego” house,
the designers have envisioned in creating a house which is made
from a few fundamental elements. Different basic shapes
of tiles, walls and glass panels. Much like the Legos,
mixing them differently gives different results and
Since the inauguration of the team in January 2012, our architecture students have been hard at work
to design their ideal representation of a self sustaining solar house in an Asian context, while fusing
in the notion of Architecture as Pedagogy. Before we look at the final design after the interim meeting
on 18th February, let us look at the three designs our students have come up with.
functionalities.
the shell
Covered with solar panels on every inch of the wall, this
house is striking similar to the shell of a snail, the designers
took a leaf from nature; creating a house which envelopes the
users, keeping them sheltered and comfortable. The designers
take on the challenge of indoor lightings as this house does
not have windows.
the spine
A fairy tale of Architecture meets Technology. The designers
decided to take on the challenge of integrating technology and
pedagogy by expressing it through the spine of the architecture.
The design also has a double skin system which acts as a
protective layer, adapting and responding to every minute
Interim meeting on 18th February
changes the environment.
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Where will it be located in
NUS?
The FINAL Design
The Spine was eventually chosen for two main reasons, its buildability and the instructional value of the
architecture. Although The Shell had massive potential and would bring an X-factor to the competition,
We were worried about the constructional cost. Hence, the final design is an integration of the ideas of
modularity and reconfigurability from the “Lego” house and the strong architecture expression of The
Spine.
The main expression of the final design is the two
flaps providing solar protection; a critical necessity
when building in the Tropics. These flaps also provide
unobstructed flat surfaces for mounting PV panels.
The Spine (coloured in blue above) not only functions
as a transition space that separates the private and
public spaces, but more importantly acts as a
“pedagogy corridor” for exhibits and demostrations
to educate the visitors on sustainable architecture.
The design addresss both the competition
requirements and usage post-competition in NUS.
The design strategies and selected systems cater
to climatic conditions in Datong and Singapore,
competition contests, as well as educational needs
upon return to Singapore.
Remember the plot of land beside TechnoEdge? Initially, we wanted
to located the solar house there for maximum student access, but this
conflicted with OED green buffer plans. Currently, OED and the SDC
team are working together to find suitable sites. We have discussed some
seven sites including a plot of land near Prince George Park Residences,
the junction of SDE and FASS. At this time, the proposed site is on the hillock in front
of SDE 3.
Floor plan of the house in Singapore
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Site near prince george park residences
Site near junction of sde and fass
Site at Faculty of Engineering Site near carpark of sde 2 and sde 3
* Current proposed site
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Curriculum integration
AR3104 Architecture Design
Associate Professor Teh Kem Jin & Senior Lecturer Kazuhiro Nakajima
The challenge of a comprehensive design and resolution required for real construction in the Solar Decathlon
project makes it an ideal design brief for the year-3 architecture design studio, which demonstrates RIBA
Part-1 competency in comprehensive architectural design skills; from planning to design and technical
resolution. The original Solar Decathlon competition requirements are expanded with an emphasis for the
house to be converted into a NUS Teaching Facility with pedagogical values upon return to Singapore, to
add depth to the design-probem and context-response dimension, and focus environmental skills on tropical
design. Armed with the experience and technical skills learnt using this Solar Decathlon design-brief, the
Year-3 architecture students are better prepared for the incremental design challenges as they progress to
upper years.
AR4104 Architecture & Technology Design 2
Assistant Professor Huang Yi Chun & Senior lecturer Cheah Kok Meng
Similar to the design brief in the Year-3 studio (AR3104), the Year-4 architecture students are expected
to provide more resolution in terms of design and technical proficiency for this module. Being part of
the Design Technology & Sustainability (DTS) specialization, they are also expected to consider systems
integration, and employ digital design processes to simulate and optimize design solutions. A particular
focus is the introduction of the Integrated Design Process (IDP), where the students learn and practice
IDP with participation from the rest of the Solar Decathlon Team, especially the engineering and project
management students. The studio thus emphasizes understanding high performance architecture as a highly
complex and integrative system as the result of an evidence-based approach, managing and creating design
opportunities between multiple disciplines.
Integration of competition effort into curriculum
Due to the tight timeframe that we launched the Solar Decathlon effort, curriculum integration is still being
discussed and set up; only few classes in SDE Department of Architecture have been integrated with the
Solar Decathlon effort so far. We are working with various Engineering professors for possible curriculum
integration next semester.
AR2724 Designing with Environmental Systems
Assistant Professor Huang Yi Chun
The Solar Decathlon project is a good platform for the students to develop an understanding of fundamental
building physics, the magnitude of challenge in achieving environmental performance in the tropics, and
the design implications of systems necessary to deliver such performance. The design proposals in the Solar
Decathlon project are integrated with the assignments in this class, where the students analyze thermal,
lighting, and acoustic performances, and propose suitable and feasible design and system solutions.
AR4322 Design Simulation & Analysis
Assistant Profesor Huang Yi Chun (ongoing) & Dr Abel E. Tablada De La Torre (2012)
The Solar Decathlon competition requirements complements the pedagogical objectives of this class to
learn performance simulation tools (Radiance and EnergyPlus), and perform relevant analyzes to enable
design development. The students begin with climatic studies of both Datong and Singapore and formulate
base models to establish energy budgets and performance targets. After learning simulation and analytical
methodologies, various design strategies from passive design to active systems are then simulated and
analyzed in an integrated manner to synthesize a sustainable design solution. This class allows the Solar
Decathlon team to better appreciate the nature and scope of the Solar Decathlon challenge (this being the
first time NUS is participating in the competition), as well as prepare for required competition submissions.
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Behind the scenes...
AKi Hvac pv LVDC
COMMS
admin
climate
site
EDUCATION!
There are 8 large groups working on the various aspects of the project. The exact grouping will be decided at
a later stage.
In Education! we will sneak behind the scene and see what the various groups are doing. Plus we bring you
exclusive interviews on their learning journey with SDC2013.
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AKI
Architecture
The AKI team is responsible of the entire
design of the house. The exterior of the
house, the internal layout.
What have they been
working on?
Brainstorming on various design concepts. Do, undo,
redo and redo and redo... They came up with the 3
design introduced earlier in the newsletter. Currently,
they have selected the final design of the house, and they
are working tightly with the engineers to integrate the
various systems for the house.
The design of the house does not stop there, they still
have to do a full software design of the house. At the
same time, they are analysing which sites are suitable as
the permanent site of the house.
Just recently, they did land surveying in NUS. They have
been taking measurements, photos and doing up renders
of the possible sites.
“Do, undo, redo &
redo & redo...
”
What did they learn?
The competition brought in the ‘built for real’ factor that
always been left out due to the academic nature of the
school, which brings in more real time considerations
like costing, and heavy discussions with non architecture
members to give a integrated building solution.
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hvac
pv
Air-conditioning and Ventilation
Solar technologies
The HVAC team, short for Heating,
Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning, is
responsible for the comfort element of the
house.
What have they been
working on?
To start designing an effective heating and cooling system,
the HVAC team started by studying the past year winner’s
HVAC strategy, while researching on new advanced
technology in HVAC system. Armed with knowledge of the
various HVAC systems, they are currently working on the
details of each components, such as price, size and power
consumption.
In February, they visited SERIS dehumidification lab
on campus. Applying what they have learnt in the
ME2121(Engineering Thermodynamics), they read the
psychometric chart and understood the theory behind it.
The HVAC team also consulted Dr. Christopher Yap to
gain insights on how to design an effective HVAC system,
and what are the pitfalls.
The PV team, short for Photovoltaics, is
responsible for the solar technologies in
the house.
What have they been
working on?
As part of the Photovoltaic Team, they are in charge of
designing the array of solar modules on the roof of the
house that will provide electricity. The solar panels will be
the main renewable energy source, if not the only renewable
source of energy for the house.
Currently, apart from working on case studies, they are
looking at the different ways to configure the solar cells to
maximize efficiency. Some of them are researching on the
solar thermal aspect to provide for the hot water needs of
the house.
The solar system of the house ties in with the LVDC as well
as the HVAC team.
They are planning to invite Dr. Yap to be our supervisor to
guide them through the whole design process.
“ SERIS lab, desiccant
wheel
”
What did they learn?
They learnt how to calculate ventilation rate, heat exchange
rate by lighting and ventilation, heat exchange rate by wall
and window and so on. They have also explored the various
HVAC technologies, which they could not have learnt from
school.
“ This competition
really brings to life
what we have learnt
in class.
”
What did they learn?
Through this project they hope to develop hands-on skills,
as well as well as developing their soft skills and the ability
to work in a team. “This competition really brings to life
what we have learnt in class,” says Raghav, the leader of
the PV team. For the Electrical and Engineering Science
students as it is one thing to learn the theory behind power
electronics and photovoltaics but it is a whole new matter to
implement what we learned into practice.
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lvdc
COMMS
Electricity grid
Websites and communication
The LVDC team, short for Low Voltage
Direct Current, is responsible for the
internal electricity grid in the house.
What have they been
working on?
The LVDC team is working on the low voltage direct current
system as well as residential appliances design. The biggest
challenge they have been facing is that low voltage direct
current system is a relatively new idea that they could not
find any practical examples to reference to. They have been
investing considerable amount of time on researching and
investigating the feasibility of the system.
The COMMS team, short for,
Communications, is responsible for
communicating the various ideas in
the house and the project through the
various channels - websites, videos and
newsletters.
What have they been
working on?
The COMMS team has been working day and night to
establish the official website, blogs and newsletter (the one
you are reading right now).
Currently, the newsletter is the only communication
medium ready, where you readers can get monthly updates
of our SDC2013 project development. Our websites and
blogs are still being finalised before going online.
For those enthusiatic readers who wants to be in the loop of
every development, do keep a lookout on our blogs.
“ The need to think
about how to
realize the idea,
and implement
them in the solar
house
”
What did they learn?
“In the Electrical Engineering curriculum, we are taught
the theoretical knowledge, while in Solar Decathlon, we
need to think about how to realize the idea, and implement
them in the solar house,” says Wen Juan, the leader of the
LVDC team.
“
Time management,
time management,
time management...
”
What did they learn?
Time management, time management, time management.
Design work is not an easy task, especially when you have
tutorials to do as well. And of course, many little secrets as
well.
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climate
admin
Climate studies and strategies
Administrative
The CLIMATE team is responsible
for studying and analysis the climate
conditions in both Singapore and China,
ensuring the best strategies are deployed in
this house.
“ Understanding
the important role
climate plays in
house designs
”
What have they been
working on?
The CLIMATE team has been working alongside the
AKI team to provide them with analyses of real data to
substantiate the design. Taking raw data and arranging
them into graphs and diagrams, this helps designers to
understand the climatic patterns of our given site better.
They took quantitative and qualitative surveys of areas in
NUS which are naturally ventilated, so as to have a sense
of what a thermally comfortable space is like. “This ensures
that we keep in mind the human aspect when designing,”
says Joanne, the leader of the CLIMATE team.
Additionally, they have been working on a topographical
site study using professional equipment on a proposed local
site to map out the land features accurately.
What did they learn?
As the Climatic Team is composed of Architecture
students from lower years, the job they have been doing
directly impacts them, as they understand the important
role climate plays in house designs. They have also been
exposed to the tools which help them gain more insights
into the climatic patterns of an area, and ultimately the
design of the house.
The ADMIN team, short for,
Administrative, is responsible for keeping
the project running, covering Human
Resource and the various administrative
works involved.
“
A whole new
experience of
understanding
how Architects and
Engineers work,
something PFM
students can hardly
experience first
hand
”
What have they been
working on?
Since the commencement of the Solar Decathlon project.
The ADMIN team has been working fervently with meeting
minutes, member list/particulars, attendance, HR matters,
roles and responsibilities. This team is also called the
documentation team, keeping track of the happenings in
the entire project. Without them, things would be a little
messy.
Currently, they are still pulling everything together and set
the ground right.
“I am constantly looking to make it easier for the teams to
contact each other. I believe that when the communication
channels are clearer, information can be better conveyed
to each other resulting in better teamwork and better
integration of technological systems and architectural
design. I believe that integration will be key in succeeding
in this large project,” says Ming Hui, who is working on
Human Resource in ADMIN.
What did they learn?
SD China has opened up a whole new experience of
understanding how Architects and Engineers work,
something Project and Facilities Management students can
hardly experience first hand. “For example, I discovered the
Architects passion to fuse their design with the user needs/
satisfaction. And I felt the Engineers dedication to innovate,
yet trying painstakingly, to ensure that their ideas work. All
these are breathtaking,” says Stewart, the leader of ADMIN.
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site
Project and facilities management
Milestones
The ADMIN team, short for,
Administrative, is responsible for keeping
the project running, covering Human
Resource and the various administrative
works involved.
What have they been
working on?
They are currently helping the ADMIN team with the
necessary administrative works. In the coming months,
they will be tasked on the job of overseeing the entire project
management.
18th February marks the first milestone of this project, when we had our interim meeting.
Here is a brief overview of the happenings on that meeting.
1Finalisation of
architecture design
We had the honour of having Ms
Huay Xiaoxian, participant of Solar
Decathlon 2007, for our interim
meeting. During the meeting, we
reviewed the three design concepts
and settled on a final design. To have
a more unique selling proposition,
Ms Huay suggested that we
incorporate elements of the house
design which tackles problems we
face in Singapore, such as space
constraint.
“
No better experience
than to get one’s
hands dirty and to
actually do it
”
What did they learn?
A chance to work on something that is as real as the concrete
and steel that goes into making the very foundations of the
buildings that we live, work, and play in. While the textbook
tells us what to do and how to do it, what the textbook
does not teach is working with people from all different
backgrounds, professions, and expertise. That comes from
experience, and there can be no better experience than to
get one’s hands dirty and to actually do it. The dynamics
of working as a cohesive team is something that cannot be
taught in a classroom. It has to be experienced, explored,
and executed beyond the walls of a classroom.
2Creation of mission
statement
With such a huge number of
participants in this project, we
needed a common objective and
goal. As such, we came up with
a mission statement which best
describes our ultimate goal in this
competition.
3Proposal of
engineering systems
(PV, HVAC, EE)
While the architecture students
came up with design concepts, the
3 engineering teams came up with
their set of engineering strategies
for the contests.
4Precedence studies
on past participants
To better understand our
competitors and the competition
norms, each of the teams did their
case studies, and presented their
analysis on the participants of the
past Solar Decathlon competitions.
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Initiated by:
Integrated Sustainability Solutions
Cluster, Office of the Provost
Faculty of Engineering
School of Design and Environment
We would like to thank the following sponsors:
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