Untitled

第 6 卷第 4 期 

古生物学文摘 ( 网络版 ) 

目录 

2010 年 12 月 

古生物学 

综论 ………………………(1) 

遗迹化石 …………………(8) 

分子古生物学 ……………(10) 

古生态学 …………………(13) 

微体古生物学 

综论 ………………………(16) 

孢粉 ………………………(19) 

疑源类 ……………………(41) 

牙形石 ……………………(45) 

小壳化石 …………………(45) 

古植物学 

综论 ………………………(46) 

藻类 ………………………(49) 

真菌 ………………………(53) 

地衣植物与苔藓植物 ……(54) 

蕨类植物 ( 广义 )………(54) 

早期种子植物 ……………(55) 

裸子植物 …………………(56) 

被子植物 …………………(56) 

古无脊椎动物学 

综论 ………………………(64) 

原生动物 …………………(64) 

古杯、多孔及腔肠动物 …(71) 

苔藓动物 …………………(80) 

腕足动物 …………………(81) 

软体动物 …………………(82) 

节肢动物 …………………(91) 

棘皮动物 …………………(101) 

笔石动物 …………………(103) 

分类位置不明 ……………(103) 

古脊椎动物学 

综论 ………………………(104) 

鱼类 ………………………(106) 

两栖类 ……………………(110) 

爬行类 ……………………(110) 

鸟类 ………………………(122) 

哺乳类 ……………………(124) 

古人类学 

古人类学 …………………(132) 

历史地质学、地层学 

综论 ………………………(140) 

古地理学、古气候学 ……(140) 

前古生界 …………………(142) 

古生界 ……………………(155) 

中生界 ……………………(160) 

新生界 ……………………(165)

第 6 卷第 4 期 

古生物学文摘 ( 网络版 ) 

2010 年 12 月 

古生物学 

综论 

2010040001 

致敬 : 纪念 Gilbert Klapper 论文集 = A 

Standing Ovation: Papers in Honor of Gilbert 

Klapper. ( 英文 ). Barrick J E; Lane H R eds. 

Bulletin of American Paleontology, 2005, 

(369): 246 

2010040002 

关于地球系统科学的重大思想 = Big Ideas 

in Earth System Science. ( 英文 ). Ross R M; 

Haas D D. American Paleontologist, 2010, 

38(1): 24-28 

2010040003 

论达尔文的傲慢的缘由 = On the Origins of 

Darwin's Impertinence. ( 英文 ). Ault K. 

American Paleontologist, 2010, 38(1): 29-31 1 

图版 . 

2010040004 

德国西南部北 Alpine 前陆盆地北缘中中新 

世动物群的生物地层和古生态学 = Biostratigraphy 

and palaeoecology of a Middle 

Miocene (Karpathian, MN 5)fauna from the 

northern margin of the North Alpine Foreland 

Basin (Oggenhausen 2, SW' Germany). ( 英文 ). 

Bottcher R; Heizmann E P j; Rasser M W; 

Ziegler R. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. 

Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2009, 254(1- 

2): 237-260 

The Oggenhausen fauna includes eight gastropod 

species, various crustacean claws, four 

fish species, twelve ampibian specie, eight 

reptile species, a few indeterminate bird remains 

and 23 mammal speices. The rodent 

fauna, especially the coexistence of the hamsters 

Megacricetodon aff. bavaricus and 

Megacricetodon aff. minor, allow for the most 

precise stratigraphic correlation within the 

MN 5unit. It is younger than the faunas of 

Puttenhausen classic, Engelswies and Schellenfeld, 

but older than Ebershausen, Mohrenhausen, 

Furth and Frohberg. The vertebrate 

assenblage indicates a mixed environment 

with a shallow lake, ample vegetation nearby 

and an open hinterland. 

2010040005 

Stratigraph, 一种分析和展示沿地层分布 

的古生物数据的新软件 = Stratigraph, a new 

r package for analysis and display of stratigraphically 

distributed paleontological data. 

( 英文 ). Green W A; Jaramillo C. Palynology, 

2008, 32(): 260-260 

2010040006 

澳亚大陆的白垩纪景观 = The Australasian 

Cretaceous scene. ( 英文 ). McLoughlina S; 

Keara B P. Alcheringa, 2010, 34(3): 197 - 203 

The Cretaceous saw dramatic changes in 

the tectonic setting, landscape and biodiversity 

of Australasia. Continental fragmentation, marine 

transgression, the rise of 'modern' faunas 

and floras, and the Cretaceous-Paleogene 

mass extinction represent key events that set 

the stage for future evolution of this region's 

insular Cenozoic biotas. Australasia's rich but 

scattered Cretaceous fossil record also provides 

a rare glimpse into austral high-latitude 

life and environments throughout the breakup 

phase of southeastern Gondwana. 

2010040007 

物种选择保持自我不相容性 = Species Selection 

Maintains Self-Incompatibility. ( 英文 ). 

Goldberg E E; Kohn J R; Lande R; Robertson 

K A ; Smith S A; Igic B. Science, 2010, 

330(6002): 493-495 

Identifying traits that affect rates of speciation 

and extinction and, hence, explain differences 

in species diversity among clades is a 

major goal of evolutionary biology. Detecting 

such traits is especially difficult when they 

undergo frequent transitions between states. 

Self-incompatibility, the ability of hermaphrodites 

to enforce outcrossing, is frequently lost 

in flowering plants, enabling self-fertilization. 

We show, however, that in the nightshade 

plant family (Solanaceae), species with functional 

self-incompatibility diversify at a significantly 

higher rate than those without it. 

The apparent short-term advantages of potentially 

self-fertilizing individuals are therefore 

offset by strong species selection, which favors 

obligate outcrossing. 

1

2010040008 

超越分支系统学 : 将演化分类扩展到更广 

的时间尺度 = Beyond cladistics: Extending 

evolutionary classifications into deeper time 

levels. ( 英文 ). Horandl E. Taxon, 2010, 59(2): 

345-350 

2010040009 

显生宙海相生物群演化过程中新属的出现 

频率与分类单元多样性之间的关系 = Relationship 

between the alpha diversity of communities 

and the appearance rates of new genera 

in the evolution of phanerozoic marine 

biota. ( 英文 ). Markov A V; Bondarev A A; 

Vinarsky M V. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 

44(5): 477-488 4 图版 . 

The influence of the alpha diversity of 

communities on the appearance rates of new 

species may be either positive (due to coevolution 

and niche construction) or negative (due 

to community saturation). The development of 

global paleontological databases allows the 

extrapolation of the analysis of these effects to 

past geological epochs. To assess the effect of 

alpha diversity on the rates of generic formation 

in the evolution of the Phanerozoic marine 

biota, the correlation of the parameters D 

(mean generic diversity of paleontological 

collections containing representatives of a 

large taxon) and B (relative rate of the appearance 

of new genera in the given large taxon) 

was analyzed. The majority of large taxa, and 

the Phanerozoic biota in general, characteristically 

show predominance of periods of positive 

correlation (synchronous changes) of B 

and D, separated by shorter periods of negative 

correlation (opposite phase changes). 

These can be interpreted as periods of positive 

and negative influence of alpha diversity on 

diversification, although positive correlation 

can be generated by other factors, including 

taphonomic ones. Apparently, in the evolution 

of the Phanerozoic marine biota, the coevolution 

and “niche construction” played a more 

significant role than the effect of “saturation” 

of communities. 

2010040010 

生物礁是显生宙进化的摇篮和生物多样性 

的源泉 = Reefs as Cradles of Evolution and 

Sources of Biodiversity in the Phanerozoic. 

( 英文 ). Kiessling W; Simpson C; Foote M. 

Science, 2010, 327(5962): 196-198 

Large-scale biodiversity gradients among 

environments and habitats are usually attributed 

to a complex array of ecological and evolutionary 

factors. We tested the evolutionary 

component of such gradients by compiling the 

environments of the geologically oldest occurrences 

of marine genera and using sampling 

standardization to assess if originations tended 

to be clustered in particular environments. 

Shallow, tropical environments and carbonate 

substrates all tend to have harbored high 

origination rates. Diversity within these environments 

tended to be preferentially generated 

in reefs, probably because of their habitat 

complexity. Reefs were also prolific at exporting 

diversity to other environments, which 

might be a consequence of low-diversity habitats 

being more susceptible to invasions. 

2010040011 

研究现生物种以了解我们的过去 = Studying 

Extant Species to Model Our Past. ( 英文 ). 

Whiten A; McGrew W C; Aiello L C; Boesch 

C; Boyd R; Byrne R W; Dunbar RIM; Matsuzawa 

T ; Silk J B ; Tomasello M; Van Schaik 

C P; Wrangham R. Science, 2010, 327(5964): 

410-410 

2010040012 

陆表海与开放海环境对比 : 大灭绝与起源 

的动力学 = Epicontinental Seas Versus 

Open-Ocean Settings: The Kinetics of Mass 

Extinction and Origination. ( 英文 ). Miller A I; 

Foote M. Science, 2009, 326(5956): 1106- 

1109 

Environmental perturbations during mass 

extinctions were likely manifested differently 

in epicontinental seas than in open-oceanfacing 

habitats of comparable depth. Here, we 

present a dissection of origination and extinction 

in epicontinental seas versus open-oceanfacing 

coastal regions in the Permian through 

Cretaceous periods, an interval through which 

both settings are well represented in the fossil 

record. Results demonstrate that extinction 

rates were significantly higher in open-ocean 

settings than in epicontinental seas during major 

mass extinctions but not at other times and 

that origination rates were significantly higher 

in open-ocean settings for a protracted interval 

from the Late Jurassic through the Late Cretaceous. 

These patterns are manifested even 

when other paleogeographic and environmental 

variables are held fixed, indicating that 

epicontinental seas and open-ocean-facing 

coastlines carry distinct macroevolutionary 

signatures. 

2010040013 

主要海洋动物类群多样性的动态平衡 = The 

Shifting Balance of Diversity Among Major 

1

Marine Animal Groups. ( 英文 ). Alroy J. Science, 

2010, 329(5996): 1191-1194 

The fossil record demonstrates that each 

major taxonomic group has a consistent net 

rate of diversification and a limit to its species 

richness. It has been thought that long-term 

changes in the dominance of major taxonomic 

groups can be predicted from these characteristics. 

However, new analyses show that diversity 

limits may rise or fall in response to 

adaptive radiations or extinctions. These 

changes are idiosyncratic and occur at different 

times in each taxa. For example, the end- 

Permian mass extinction permanently reduced 

the diversity of important, previously dominant 

groups such as brachiopods and crinoids. 

The current global crisis may therefore permanently 

alter the biosphere's taxonomic 

composition by changing the rules of evolution. 

2010040014 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚内乌肯省 Pampa de 

Jones 地区 Huitrera 组为植物、蛙和昆虫 

生物群所测定的早始新世 Ar-40/Ar-39 年 

龄 = Early Eocene Ar-40/Ar-39 age for the 

Pampa de Jones plant, frog, and insect biota 

(Huitrera Formation, Neuquen Province, Patagonia, 

Argentina). ( 英文 ). Wilf P; Singer B S; 

Zamaloa M D; Johnson K R; Cuneo N R. 

Ameghiniana: Revista de la asociacion Paleontologica 

Argentina, 2010, 47(2): 207-216 

The Pampa de Jones fossil site, a stratigraphically 

isolated roadcut near the northeastern 

shore of Nahuel Huapi Lake in Neuquen 

Province, Argentina, holds a rich fossil 

biota including a macroflora, a microflora, 

insects, and most famously, an ontogenetic 

series of pipid frogs. The site exposes tuffaceous 

mudstone and sandstone beds of 

probable lacustrine origin, considered to belong 

to the volcanic Huitrera Formation. 

However, there have been no reliable age constraints 

for the fossil assemblage. We undertook 

laser fusion analyses of sanidine and biotite 

crystals occurring in a tuff layer found 4.4 

m above the main fossil horizon. Twenty-eight 

sanidine crystals yielded an Ar-40/Ar-39 age 

of 54.24 +/- 0.45 Ma that is preferred over our 

biotite age of 53.64 +/- 0.35 Ma. Pampa de 

Jones is thus the oldest well-dated Eocene fossil 

site in Patagonia, predating two other recently 

Ar-40/Ar-39-dated sites: Laguna del 

Hunco (51.91 +/- 0.22 Ma) and Rio Pichileufu 

(47.46 +/- 0.05 Ma). The improved age control 

makes possible a finer scale of evolutionary 

hypothesis testing and turnover analysis in 

the region. The age is concordant with the 

site's placement in the Huitrera Formation and 

a depositional origin related to Early Paleogene 

arc volcanism, and it correlates to an interval 

of significant climate fluctuations following 

the Paleocene-Eocene boundary 

2010040015 

加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚 Salient 山附近 

Windermere 超群 Miette 群埃迪卡拉型实 

体和遗迹化石 = Ediacaran body and trace 

fossils in Miette Group (Windermere Supergroup) 

near Salient Mountain, British Columbia, 

Canada. ( 英文 ). Hofmann H J; Mountjoy 

E W. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2010, 47(10): 1305–1325 

Siliciclastic beds in the upper part of the 

Miette Group in southeastern British Columbia 

have yielded an assemblage of late Ediacaran 

soft-bodied macrofossils and trace fossils. 

The macrofossils comprise Aspidella, Bradgatia?, 

and Miettia salientensis gen. et sp. nov. 

The ichnofossils include Archaeonassa, Cochlichnus, 

Didymaulichnus?, Gordia, Halopoa, 

Helminthoidichnites, Helminthopsis, Planolites, 

and a large, unnamed crawling trace. In 

addition, two types of unidentified problematica 

are recorded, representing either tubular 

Vendotaenia-like body fossils, or trace fossils. 

The Bradgatia? constitutes the youngest occurrence 

of this type of fossil, and is the first 

to be recorded from Laurentia, having previously 

been noted only in Avalonia. With 

Cloudina and Namacalathus in associated 

shallow-water platform carbonates, the Miette 

biota in the study area contains a combination 

of Namibian-type and Avalonian-type elements. 

2010040016 

激发达尔文灵感的海湾 = The bay that inspired 

Darwin. ( 其他 ). Farinati E A; Manera T; 

Tomassini R L. Revista Espanola de paleontologia, 

2010, 25(1): 35-41 

Recent studies on Darwin's researches during 

the voyage of the Beagle reveal the importance 

of the Pampa region in his thinking on 

evolution. It seems that the fossil mammals 

found at Punta Alta and Monte Hermoso cliffs, 

on the bahia (bay) Blanca, had inspired the 

young naturalist's ideas. Altogether with his 

paleontological discoveries, his observation on 

Blanca bay native animals and plants were 

crucial elements to his thoughts on transmutation, 

although his biographers had minimized 

this fact. 

2

2010040017 

适用于古生物学和古人类学的三维成像 : 

新的 “ 通过墙 ” = 3D imaging applied to palaeontology 

and palaeoanthropology: The new 

“pass walls”. ( 英文 ). Taquet P. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2010, 9(6-7): 255-257 

There was, in Montmartre, a very nice man 

called Dutilleul who had the strange gift of 

going through walls without being incommodated”, 

thus begins the lovely short story titled 

Le Passe-Muraille from the novelist Marcel 

Aymé. According to this fiction full of humour, 

written in 1943, the author has his hero 

travel according to his fantasy, which leads 

him in the most unexpected places, freed from 

the laws of physics. 

Anatomists, and particularly palaeoanatomists, 

have long dreamed, just as Mr Dutilleul, 

of being able to break through the mysteries of 

the architecture and the disposition of the internal 

organs of the living forms they study. 

2010040018 

古生物学和古人类学中的三维成像 = Imaging 

and 3D in palaeontology and palaeoanthropology. 

( 英文 ). Clément G; Geffard- 

Kuriyama D. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2010, 

9(6-7): 259-264 

In his “Éloge historique de Charles Louis 

L’Héritier lu le 15 germinal de l’an X”, given 

on 5 April 1801 at the French National Institute, 

Georges Cuvier (1769–1832), stressed 

that in natural history “no description can surpass 

images” and that “great talent is not 

enough to makes figures, if they are not based 

on science”. At the time of the birth of palaeontology, 

images were only used to illustrate 

scientific communications. However, Georges 

Cuvier had already appreciated the irreplaceable 

originality of the image, which today can 

be the centre of the presentation. An image 

has become a piece of information, a nodal 

point on which scientific reasoning can be 

based and allowed to flourish. 

2010040019 

成像技术在古人类学中的运用 : 涉及到标 

本保存、管理和发展的积极意义 = Applications 

of imaging methodologies to paleoanthropology: 

Beneficial results relating to the 

preservation, management and development of 

collections. ( 英文 ). Balzeau A; Crevecoeur I; 

Rougier H et al.. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2010, 9(6-7): 265-275 

The limited number of unearthed fossils and 

their accessibility are factors that hinder paleoanthropological 

studies. Original remains, 

but also osteological collections of extant 

specimens, have to be curated in optimal and 

adapted environments, and direct manipulation 

needs to be limited in order to preserve 

this irreplaceable patrimony. Imaging methodologies 

have recently provided ways for 

innovative advances in the preservation of 

these collections, as well as offering new perspectives 

to museographic displays and original 

scientific studies. Here, we describe recent 

examples of developments obtained from imaging 

methodologies and discuss methodological 

and ethical implications of these new 

“virtual” collections. Undeniably, “virtual anthropology” 

is an additional tool in our large 

set of analytical possibilities and for curators, 

with its specific constraints related to the particular 

nature of the analysed material. Finally, 

we suggest some possible guidelines for the 

optimisation of the preservation, management 

and development of collections while preserving 

their scientific exploitation. 

2010040020 

琥珀内含物的同步辐射 X 射线成像 = Synchrotron 

X-ray imaging of inclusions in amber. 

( 英文 ). Ortega-Blanco J; la Fuente R P-de; 

Perrichot V; Saupe E; Kraemer M S;Tafforeau 

P. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2010, 9(6-7): 

361-368 

Over the past six years, organic inclusions 

preserved in amber samples from outcrops 

worldwide have been discovered and imaged 

in 3D using propagation phase contrast based 

X-ray synchrotron imaging techniques at the 

European Synchrotron Radiation Facility 

(ESRF). A brief description of the techniques 

and protocols used for detecting and 3D nondestructive 

imaging of amber inclusions is 

provided. The latest results from the major 

amber projects in the ESRF are given, illustrating 

the increasing utility of the imaging 

capabilities of X-ray synchrotron phase contrast 

microtomography. 

2010040021 

西腊西部 Ionian 海 Kephallonia 和 Zakynthos 

岛下 - 中第四系沉积中鱼耳石的古水深 

解释 = Paleobathymetric interpretation of the 

fish otoliths from the Lower-Middle Quaternary 

depostits of Kephallonia and Zakynthos 

Islands (Ionian Sea, western Greece). ( 英文 ). 

Agiadi K; Triantaphyllou M; girone A; 

Karakitsios V; Dermitzakis M. Rivista Italiana 

di Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 2010, 

116(1): 63-78 

3

Fish otoliths are herein used to estimate the 

depositional depth of the Early - Middle Pleistocene 

deposits at SE Zakynthos and SW 

Kephallonia Islands, through comparison with 

the modern bathymetric distributions of the 

identified fish taxa. These estimates provide a 

more detailed picture of the depth variations 

for the Gelasian - Ionian stage interval in the 

study areas. Overall, the application of fish 

otolith paleobathymetry in the study areas 

provide a detailed picture of the depth variations 

for the Early Quaternary interval and 

refine the currently hypothesized pattern of 

tectonic movements. 

2010040022 

加拿大落矶山脉南部 ‘ 薄层 “ 斯提芬组一个 

新的布尔吉斯页岩型化石组合 = A new 

Burgess Shale–type assemblage from the 

"thin" Stephen Formation of the southern Canadian 

Rockies. ( 英文 ). Caron J-B; Gaines R 

R; Gabriela Mángano M; Streng M; Daley A 

C. Geology, 2010, 38(9): 811-814 

A new Burgess Shale–type assemblage, 

from the Stephen Formation of the southern 

Canadian Rocky Mountains, is described 

herein. It occurs near Stanley Glacier in 

Kootenay National Park, 40 km southeast of 

the type area near Field, British Columbia. 

While at least a dozen Burgess Shale localities 

are known from the "thick" Stephen Formation, 

the Stanley Glacier locality represents the first 

discovery of Burgess Shale–type fossils from 

the "thin" Stephen Formation. The Cathedral 

Escarpment, an important regional paleotopographic 

feature, has been considered 

important to the paleoecologic setting and the 

preservation of the Burgess Shale biota. However, 

the Stanley Glacier assemblage was preserved 

in a distal ramp setting in a region 

where no evidence of an escarpment is present. 

The low-diversity assemblage contains eight 

new soft-bodied taxa, including the anomalocaridid 

Stanleycaris hirpex n. gen., n. sp. (new 

genus, new species). Nektonic or nektobenthic 

predators represent the most diverse group, 

whereas in relative abundance, the assemblage 

is dominated by typical Cambrian shelly benthic 

taxa. The low diversity of both the benthic 

taxa and the ichnofauna, which includes diminutive 

trace fossils associated with carapaces 

of soft-bodied arthropods, suggests a 

paleoenvironment with restrictive conditions. 

The Stanley Glacier assemblage expands the 

temporal and geographic range of the Burgess 

Shale biota in the southern Canadian Rockies, 

and suggests that Burgess Shale–type assemblages 

may be common in the "thin" Stephen 

Formation, which is regionally widespread. 

2010040023 

美国新泽西穿越白垩纪 - 古新世界线的集群 

灭绝和铱的关系 = Relationship between 

mass extinction and iridium across the Cretaceous-Paleogene 

boundary in New Jersey. ( 英 

文 ). Miller K G; Sherrell R M; Browning J V. 

Geology, 2010, 38(10): 867-870 

We directly link iridium (Ir) anomalies in 

New Jersey to the mass extinction of marine 

plankton marking the Cretaceous-Paleogene 

(K-Pg) boundary. We confirm previous reports 

of an Ir anomaly 20 cm below the extinction 

of Cretaceous macrofauna (the "Pinna" 

bed) with new results from a muddy sand section 

from Tighe Park, Freehold, New Jersey 

(United States), but we also show that Ir 

anomalies correlate with marine mass extinctions 

at three other clay-rich New Jersey sections. 

Thus, we attribute the anomaly at Freehold 

to the downward movement of Ir and 

reaffirm the link between impact and mass 

extinction. 

2010040024 

早期生命 : 多细胞生物的起源 = Early life: 

Origins of multicellularity. ( 英文 ). Donoghue 

P C J; Antcliffe J B. Nature, 2010, 466(7302): 

41–42 

Interpreting truly ancient fossils is an especially 

tricky business. The conclusion that 2.1- 

billion-year-old structures from Gabon are the 

remains of large colonial organisms will get 

palaeobiologists talking. 

2010040025 

21 亿年前在充氧环境中协调生长的大型群 

体生物 = Large colonial organisms with coordinated 

growth in oxygenated environments 

2.1 Gyr ago. ( 英文 ). El Albani A; Bengtson S; 

Canfield D;et al.. Nature, 2010, 466(7302): 

100–104 

The evidence for macroscopic life during 

the Palaeoproterozoic era (2.5–1.6 Gyr ago) is 

controversial Except for the nearly 2-Gyr–old 

coil-shaped fossil Grypania spiralis, which 

may have been eukaryotic, evidence for morphological 

and taxonomic biodiversification 

of macroorganisms only occurs towards the 

beginning of the Mesoproterozoic era (1.6–1.0 

Gyr). Here we report the discovery of centimetre-sized 

structures from the 2.1-Gyr-old 

black shales of the Palaeoproterozoic Francevillian 

B Formation in Gabon, which we in- 

4

terpret as highly organized and spatially discrete 

populations of colonial organisms. The 

structures are up to 12 cm in size and have 

characteristic shapes, with a simple but distinct 

ground pattern of flexible sheets and, 

usually, a permeating radial fabric. Geochemical 

analyses suggest that the sediments were 

deposited under an oxygenated water column. 

Carbon and sulphur isotopic data indicate that 

the structures were distinct biogenic objects, 

fossilized by pyritization early in the formation 

of the rock. The growth patterns deduced 

from the fossil morphologies suggest that the 

organisms showed cell-to-cell signalling and 

coordinated responses, as is commonly associated 

with multicellular organization. The 

Gabon fossils, occurring after the 2.45–2.32- 

Gyr increase in atmospheric oxygen concentration, 

may be seen as ancient representatives 

of multicellular life, which expanded so rapidly 

1.5 Gyr later, in the Cambrian explosion. 

2010040026 

古生物学 : 小型 , 软躯体 , 志留纪 = Palaeontology: 

Small, soft, Silurian. ( 英文 ). Research 

Highlights. Nature, 2010, 466(7308): 

798 

Hard-bodied aquatic filter feeders called lophophorates 

are often found in the fossil record, 

but soft-bodied examples are rare. Now 

Mark Sutton of Imperial College London and 

his colleagues describe a tiny specimen from 

around 425 million years ago, during the Silurian 

period. 

The 1.7-millimetre-long Drakozoon kalumon 

(pictured) has a conical body partly enclosed 

by a broad hood, and was found attached 

to the shell of a hard-bodied brachiopod. 

Coincidentally, Drakozoon may actually 

be a primitive relative of the brachiopods. 

Its relative absence from the fossil record 

could well be a preservation bias, the authors 

suggest, and the invertebrate could have been 

a significant part of the Palaeozoic lophophorate 

community. 

2010040027 

2007 年 8 月 12-16 日于俄罗斯圣彼得堡召 

开的国际化石刺丝胞和腔肠动物大会论文 

集 “ 化石珊瑚、古杯和海绵 ” = “Fossil corals, 

archaeocyaths and sponges” Proceedings of 

the 10th International Symposium on Fossil 

Cnidaria and Porifera, August 12–16, 2007, 

Saint-Petersburg, Russia. ( 英文 ). Kossovaya 

O L; Somerville I D. Palaeoworld, 2010, 

19(3-4): 209-211 

The 10th meeting of the “International Association 

for the Study of Fossil Cnidaria and 

Porifera” was held in Saint-Petersburg, Russia 

from August 12 to 16, 2007. Saint-Petersburg 

was elected to host the 10th International 

Symposium on Fossil Cnidaria and Porifera 

during the general assembly of the International 

Association in Graz, Austria in 2003. 

This 10th jubilee Symposium of the Fossil 

Cnidaria and Porifera Association was dedicated 

to the Academician of the Russian 

Academy of Science, Boris Sokolov, one of 

the ‘founding fathers’ of the Association and 

the President of the First Symposium in Novosibirsk 

in 1971. 

A number of colleagues with the support of 

the Administration of The Karpinsky Research 

Geological Institute organized the scientific 

and social programme. 

2010040028 

俄罗斯 Povolzhye 伏尔加格勒地区上泥盆 

统 Pamyatno-Sasovskoye 生物礁 ( 油田 ) 

的岩相模式 = A lithofacies model for the 

Upper Devonian Pamyatno-Sasovskoye reef 

(oilfield) (Volgagradskoe Povolzhye, Russia). 

( 英文 ). Deliya S V;Danshina N V. Palaeoworld, 

2010, 19(3-4): 278-283 

Based on the exploratory drilling data provided 

by LLC LUKOIL-Nizhnevolzhskneft, 

we studied the structure, composition, and 

conditions of formation of the middle-upper 

Frasnian sections of the Pamyatno- 

Sasovskoye oilfield, Central Russia, which are 

related to a complex organogenic build-up. 

We also conducted a lithofacies section modeling 

based on the data derived from classification 

of secondary dolomitic limestones (as 

per Dunham's classification), palaeontological 

components (e.g., algae, stromatoporoids, crinoids, 

gastropods, protozoans), structural constructions, 

and logging data. 

2010040029 

埃迪卡拉生物群 : 巨大原生生物阴影下动 

物的黎明 = Ediacaran biota: The dawn of 

animal life in the shadow of giant protists. ( 英 

文 ). Seilacher A; Grazhdankin D; Legouta A. 

Paleontological Research, 2003, 7(1): 43-54 

Functional, constructional, and preservational 

criteria led to a reinterpretation of seemingly 

complex trace fossils and the majority of 

assumed metazoan body fossils from Vendian 

lagerstatten. In the new scenario, Ediacaran 

biota were dominated by procaryote biomats 

and giant protozoa (Xenophyophoria and 

5

Vendobionta), which developed a great variety 

of shapes and lifestyles in the climatically 

controlled “golden age” that followed the 

Marinoan snowball earth. Contemporary 

metazoans (sponges; polyps; soft-bodied mollusks; 

possible echinoderms; worm-like burrowers) 

were adapted to this nonuniformitarian 

environment, but they remained 

scarce and relatively small. Some 

phyla (arthropods, brachiopods) appear to 

have still been absent. Our study also accentuates 

the Cambrian Explosion, which put an 

end to the peaceful “Garden of Ediacara”. Not 

only did the former rulers become extinct or 

restricted to less favorable environments, but 

the radiation of metazoan phyla was also accompanied 

by an ecological revolution that 

established a new and more dangerous world, 

which persists to the present day. 

2010040030 

澄江动物群 : 保存最古老的动物群落 = The 

Chengjiang fauna — the oldest preserved 

animal community. ( 英文 ). Hou Xianguang; 

Bergström J. Paleontological Research, 2003, 

7(1): 55-70 

The Chengjiang fauna, an exceptionally 

well-preserved fossil lagerstatte, from the 

lower part of the Lower Cambrian Eoredlichia-Wutingaspis 

Biozone in the Kunming 

area, Yunnan Province, China is generally 

introduced, including the research history 

of the area, stratigraphy in the interval with 

soft-bodied fossils, geological setting, depositional 

environment, discovery, distribution, 

significance and faunal association. The 

Chengjiang lagerstatte yields various mineralized 

and nonmineralized skeletons and internal 

soft parts of organisms, as well as complete 

soft-bodied animals. The fauna includes 

virtually all animal phyla that were previously 

known from the Middle Cambrian and vividly 

reproduces the appearance of the oldest Phanerozoic 

animals 

2010040031 

‘Orsten’ 窗口 —— 一个三维保存的上寒武统 

小型动物群及其对人们理解节肢动物演化 

的意义 = The ‘Orsten’ window — a threedimensionally 

preserved Upper Cambrian meiofauna 

and its contribution to our understanding 

of the evolution of Arthropoda. ( 英文 ). 

Waloszek D. Paleontological Research, 2003, 

7(1): 71-88 

‘Orsten’-type preservation, i. e., phosphatisation 

of cuticles without further diagenetic 

deformation, has yielded three-dimensional 

fossils at a scale of 0.1–2.0 mm. Such fossils, 

first described from Upper Cambrian limestone 

nodules found in Sweden, have been 

reported from several continents and from the 

early Cambrian (approx. 520 M. y. BP) to the 

early Cretaceous (approx. 100 M. y. BP). Fossils 

from Cambrian ‘Orsten’-type lagerstatten 

are mainly representatives of different 

euarthropod groups and also of different evolutionary 

levels. This allowed the reconstruction 

of the early phylogeny particularly of 

Crustacea in great detail and the recovery of 

major evolutionary traits within this group, i. 

e., in the progressive modification of the locomotory 

and feeding apparatus of the head 

region. More recently, derivatives also of the 

early stem lineage toward the Euarthropoda 

have been discovered. These include apparently 

parasitic larvae of stemlineage Pentastomida 

(tongue worms) today living in various 

tetrapods, a minute fossil related to the equally 

minute tardigrades (water bears), and fragments 

of a small tubular organism with segmental 

tubular limbs, interpreted as the first 

lobopodian in an ‘Orsten’-type preservation. 

Lobopodians are worm-like derivatives of the 

earliest phase in the evolution of arthropods 

before the development of a sclerotic, segmented 

dorsal cuticle (arthrodized tergum) 

and similarly segmented limbs (arthropodia), 

hitherto known only from the Lower to Middle 

Cambrian. The presence of these “preeuarthropods,” 

which lack, or partly lack, 

characteristic features developed later in the 

arthropod evolutionary lineage, and the recent 

record of phosphatocopine Crustacea in the 

earliest Palaeozoic are regarded as a support 

for the view that the ancestry of Arthropoda 

lies much further back, possibly well in the 

late Pre-Cambrian. This does not support a 

“Cambrian explosion”. 

2010040032 

西伯利亚西部和北极地区海相古近纪剖面 

与生物群的比较分析 = Comparative analysis 

of marine paleogene sections and biota from 

West Siberia and the Arctic Region. ( 英文 ). 

Akhmet’ev M A; Zaporozhets N I; Iakovleva 

A I. Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation, 

2010, 18(6): 635-659 

The analysis of the main biospheric events 

that took place in West Siberia and the Arctic 

region during the Early Paleogene revealed 

the paleogeographic and paleobiogeographic 

unity of marine sedimentation basins and 

close biogeographic relations between their 

separate parts. Most biotic and abiotic events 

6

of the first half of the Paleogene in the Arctic 

region and West Siberia were synchronous, 

unidirectional, and interrelated. Shelf settings, 

sedimentation breaks, and microfaunal assemblages 

characteristic of these basins during the 

Paleogene are compared. The comparative 

analysis primarily concerned events of the 

Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) 

and beds with Azolla (aquatic fern). The formation 

of the Eocene Azolla Beds in the Arctic 

region and West Siberia was asynchronous, 

although it proceeded in line with a common 

scenario related to the development of a system 

of estuarine-type currents in a sea basin 

partly isolated from the World Ocean. 

2010040033 

前寒武纪冰川及与之相关的生物事件 = 

Precambrian glaciations and associated biospheric 

events. ( 英文 ). Chumakov N M. 

Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation, 

2010, 18(5): 467-479 

Precambrian glaciations are established to 

have occured during several brief periods in 

the Late Archean, Early Proterozoic, Late 

Riphean, and Vendian. These extreme climatic 

events of the Late Archean and post-Archean 

Earth history were accompanied by significant 

changes in the biosphere and biota. The terminal 

stages of Precambrian glaciations were 

marked by intense development of some existing 

groups, and the appearance of new groups 

of organisms. This may be explained by associated 

radical transformations of environments 

in all the biosphere subsystems, which resulted 

in substantial ecosystem and related 

biotic crises. The crises released former and 

yielded new ecological niches, on the one 

hand, and provoked enhanced mutations in 

organisms and rapid appearance of new forms, 

on the other. The most viable new forms as 

well as some of taxa that survived the crisis 

colonized released and newly formed niches 

to become more diverse and dominant groups. 

Thus, activation of abiotic and subsequent biotic 

factors during and after glaciations stimulated 

the renewal of the biota and acceleration 

of the evolutionary process. 

2010040034 

作为现代理论的达尔文起源学说 = Darwin's 

Origin as a modern therory. ( 英文 ). Reif W E. 

Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie 

/ Abhandlungen, 2010, 255(1-2): 13-211 

The structure of the modern theory of evolution 

is controversial in biology and in the philosophy 

of science. Classical texts of ten carry 

common-sensical characteristics, but these 

arerarely analyzed. Here, i give a full interpretation 

of the first edition of Charles Darwin's 

"on the Origin of Species" (1859). I propose 

that today, the term "evolution" is used with 

three different meanings which are not clearly 

separated in the technical literature and in 

text-books: Evolution I is the irreversible 

process of the historical change on the biosphere 

from the first baqcteria to the present. 

It is a simple truth that this process takes place. 

However, details of the process (velocity, 

gradualness) have been controversial up to the 

present day. Evolution II enxompasses the 

causal factors that control evolution . Evolution 

III is the historical narrative of the history 

of the biosphere. All processes in Evolution 

III are explained by previous events, contingencies, 

etc. Darwin's goal was to demonstrate 

the truth of evolution I and its special features 

and to find factors (evolution II) that control 

this process (mainly: natural selection). 

2010040035 

分支系统学的疑难问题 :26,Hennig 的三 

重亲缘关系、测量理论以及关于大象的描 

述 = Problematic issues of cladistics. 26. Hennig's 

threefold relationalism, the theory of 

measurement, and the description of an elephant. 

( 英文 ). Reif W-E. Neues Jahrbuch fur 

Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 

2010, 255(1-2): 213-236 

Hennig (1950, 1966) regarded the basic 

element of his methodology of phylogenetic 

systematics: "character", "taxon" and "phylogenetic 

relationship" not as independent 

phenomena per se. Rather, character states 

exist and are understandable in relation to 

other character statesl; scope and rank of taxa 

exist and are understandable in relation to 

other taxa; degrees of relative phylogeneticrelationship 

between two txa exist and are inderstandable 

in relation to degrees of phylogenetic 

relationship to other taxa. 

2010040036 

欧洲最古老的化石羽毛 = The oldest fossil 

feather from Europe. ( 英文 ). Schweigert G; 

Tischlinger H; Dietl G. Neues Jahrbuch fur 


2010, 256(1): 7-16 

We describe a fosswil feather from Nusplingen, 

an Upper Jurassic Solnhofen-type 

Fossillagerstatte in SW Germany. It is Late 

Kimmeridgian in age and thus stratigraphically 

older than the isolated Archaeopteryx 

feather from the Lower Tithonian of 

7

Solnhofen, Bavaria, described in 1861. The 

features of the new find are unique, therefore 

it is impossible to identify the animal from 

which this feather came, but despite this uncertainty, 

the specimen may play an important 

role in our understanding of the evolution of 

feathers. 

遗迹化石 

2010040037 

Kama 河盆地喀山阶针叶植物林中甲虫取 

食的化石遗迹 = Possible traces of feeding by 

beetles in coniferophyte wood from the Kazanian 

of the Kama River basin. ( 英文 ). 

Naugolnykh S V; Ponomarenko A G. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(4): 468-474 5 图 

版 . 

Possible traces of feeding by wood-boring 

beetle larvae (Coleoptera, ?Permocupedidae) 

are described from the Middle Permian locality 

Tikhie Gory (Tatarstan, right bank of the 

Kama River, Kazanian Stage). The traces in 

the form of perpendicular tunnels and shafts 

were left in picnoxylic wood of some coniferophytes 

s.l. (the orders Pinales, Cordaitales, 

or Vojnovskyales). 

2010040038 

大洋洲白垩纪中化石组合中昆虫和环带状 

环虫动物的遗迹 = Insect and clitellate annelid 

traces in mesofossil assemblages from the 

Cretaceous of Australasia. ( 英文 ). Tosolini A- 

M P; Pole M. Alcheringa, 2010, 34(3): 397 - 

419 

Mesofossil assemblages from several Cretaceous 

and Cenozoic units across Australia 

and New Zealand provide new evidence of 

insect and annelid behaviour. The earliest 

scale insects (Diaspididae, Coccoidea) from 

Australasia are described and represented by 

three scale morphotypes. The mesofossil assemblages 

also reveal clitellate annelid cocoon 

morphotypes, three morphotypes of arthropod 

coprolites and several insect piercement structures 

on gymnosperm leaf or stem fragments, 

possibly related to feeding or more likely oviposition. 

This research offers a new avenue 

for detecting cryptic terrestrial invertebrate 

groups and their interactions, particularly with 

plants, in the fossil record. The fossils demonstrate 

that insect/invertebrate activity can be 

preserved and identified in mesofossil suites, 

that such traces and exoskeleton fragments are 

relatively common in acid-extracted mesofossil 

suites, and that recognizable categories occur 

on multiple landmasses and at various 

ages. 

2010040039 

阿根廷内乌肯盆地甲壳类微体粪化石的首 

次报道 : 门多萨地区提塘阶 Vaca Muerta 

组的遗迹属 Palaxius = First record of crustacean 

microcoprolites from the Neuquen Basin: 

the ichnogenus Palaxius in the Tithonian of 

the Vaca Muerta Formation, Mendoza. ( 其他 ). 

Kietzmann D A; Palma R M. Ameghiniana: 

Revista de la asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 

2010, 47(2): 257-261 

2010040040 

阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯 Farola Monte 

Hermoso 地区晚中新世 - 早始新世 Monte 

Hermoso 组的粪化石 = Coprolites in the 

Monte Hermoso Formation (Late Miocene- 

Early Pliocene) Farola Monte Hermoso, Buenos 

Aires, Argentina. ( 其他 ). Tomassini R L; 

Montalvo C I. Ameghiniana: Revista de la 

asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 2010, 

47(1): 111-115 

2010040041 

澳大利亚西部卡那封盆地中二叠瓜德鲁普 

统近岸环境中的古网迹 = Paleodictyon from 

a nearshore paleoenvironmental setting in the 

Guadalupian (Middle Permian) of the Carnarvon 

Basin, Western Australia. ( 英文 ). Lana Z; 

Chen Zhongqiang. Australian Journal of 

Earth Sciences, 2010, 57(4): 453 - 467 

Additional material of Paleodictyon from 

the Guadalupian (Middle Permian) Mungadan 

Sandstone (Kennedy Group) of the Carnarvon 

Basin, Western Australia, is documented here. 

The Mungadan Sandstone was deposited in a 

nearshore depositional setting as evidenced by 

the lithofacies, ichnofacies and fossil assemblage. 

The Carnarvon Basin specimens agree 

well with the morphology of Paleodictyon. 

SEM images of a mesh string/burrow show 

abundant framboids, which are interpreted as 

the result of decomposition of organic remains 

of the tracemakers. The Carnarvon Basin 

specimens provide an additional example that 

tracemakers of Paleodictyon live in much 

broader range of habitats than commonly assumed, 

ranging from deep sea to shoreface/nearshore 

settings. Broad spatiotemporal 

distributions suggest that Paleodictyon traces 

could have been made by different organisms 

with similar behaviours during the Phanerozoic. 

8

2010040042 

澳大利亚远洋深海燧石中寒武纪至奥陶纪 

遗迹化石的演化 = Evolution of Cambrian to 

Ordovician trace fossils in pelagic deep-sea 

chert, Australia. ( 英文 ). Kakuwaa Y; Webb J. 

Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2010, 

57(5): 615 - 625 

Cambrian to Ordovician pelagic radiolarian 

cherts in the Lachlan Fold Belt in southeastern 

Australia contain trace fossils demonstrating 

the faunal diversification that occurred during 

the Ordovician on the deep-sea floor. The 

Cambro-Ordovician Howqua Chert has a very 

low degree of bioturbation, and the trace fossils 

are small and shallow. In contrast, the late 

Middle to Late Ordovician cherts are strongly 

bioturbated with larger, deeper burrows, and 

contain more morphologically diverse trace 

fossils. This records a substantial increase in 

the size, abundance and activity of deep-ocean 

benthic animals living on the floor of the 

ocean bordering Australia. 

2010040043 

意大利南部普利亚地区下白垩统 ( 下阿普 

第阶 ) 浅海碳酸盐沉积中的一种新甲龙足 

迹 = A new purported ankylosaur trackway in 

the Lower Cretaceous (lower Aptian) shallowmarine 

carbonate deposits of Puglia, southern 

Italy. ( 英文 ). Pettia F M; Porchetti S D; Sacchi 

E; Nicosia U. Cretaceous Research, 2010, 

31(6): 546-552 2 图版 . 

In addition to the Bisceglie track site reported 

here dinosaur track sites are well 

documented in the Lower Cretaceous of the 

Murge area and the Gargano Promontory in 

Puglia ([Petti et al., 2008] and [Sacchi et al., 

2009]). Five Cretaceous dinosaur track sites 

have been discovered so far on the Apulian 

carbonate Platform ([Nicosia et al., 2000a], 

[Nicosia et al., 2000b], [Conti et al., 2005], 

[Petti et al., 2008], Petti et al., 2009 F.M. Petti, 

S. D’Orazi Porchetti, S. Sacchi, A. Logoluso 

and U. Nicosia, A new ornithischian trackway 

from the Early Cretaceous of Apulia, Giornate 

di Paleontologia (2009), pp. 28–31 maggio 

2009, Apricena, Abstract, 51.[Petti et al., 2009] 

and [Sacchi et al., 2009]), most of which are 

associated with the Lower Cretaceous deposits 

of the Calcare di Bari Fm. A diverse ichnocoenosis 

is recorded here: it includes sauropods, 

theropods, ornithopods and ankylosaurs. 

Even if the Gargano Promontory footprints 

(Borgo Celano ichnosite; Petti et al., 2008) are 

ascribed to the late Hauterivian–early Barremian 

deposits of the San Giovanni Rotondo 

Fm, as recent stratigraphic studies suggest 

(Spalluto and Pieri, 2008), the latter formation 

is considered a synonym of the Calcare di Bari 

Formation, and the type area and type locality 

of the latter are on the Murge Plateau. The 

occurrence of dinosaur footprints on the 

Apulian carbonate Platform has lead us to reexamine 

the sedimentary evolution of this 

domain; in turn, this has provided important 

palaeontological constraints on how Cretaceous 

Western Tethyan palaeogeography can 

be interpreted (Sacchi et al., 2009). 

This paper focuses on a new quadrupedal 

trackway produced by an ankylosaur, discovered 

at a site near Bisceglie (Bari, southern 

Italy) (Fig. 1). Footprints inferred to have been 

produced by ankylosaurs have previously been 

reported from the Lower Cretaceous carbonate 

deposits of the Gargano Promontory (Petti 

et al., 2008) and from a quarry near the town 

of Bisceglie (Sacchi et al., 2009), while isolated 

Upper Cretaceous ankylosaur tracks are 

known from Altamura ([Dal Sasso, 2003] and 

[Petti, 2006]) (see Fig. 2). 

2010040044 

意大利北部 Val Sabbla 砂岩中晚三叠世 

Chirotherian 足迹 = Late Triassic (Early- 

Middle Carnian) chirotherian tracks from the 

Val Sabbia Sandstone (eastern Lombardy, 

Brescian Prealps, Northern Italy). ( 英文 ). Petti 

F M; Avanzini M; Nicosia U; Girardi S; Bernardi 

M; Ferretti P; Schirolli P; Sasso C D. 

Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 

2009, 115(3): 277-290 

The tracks are preserved on two iditinct 

bedding planes, belonging to the lower/middle 

Carnian Val Sabbia Sandstone. The ichnoassemblage 

is composed of about seventy footprints, 

arranged in six quadrupedal trackways 

that exhibit both wide and narrow gauge. All 

trackways can be attributed to an archosaur 

trackmaker and at least three of lthem can be 

asigned with confidence to the ichnogenus 

Brachychirotherium. The Zone material represents 

the first well documented report of this 

ichnogenus from the Upper Triassic of Northern 

Italy. 

2010040045 

根据新的 chirotherioid 遗迹确定摩洛哥高 

阿特拉斯山 Argana 盆地早三叠世奥伦尼克 

期时代的证据 = Evidence of an Early Triassic 

age (Olenekian) in Argana Basin (High 

Atlas, Morocco) based on new chirotherioid 

traces. ( 英文 ). Tourani A; Benaouiss N; Gand 

9

G; Bourquin S. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2010, 9(5): 201-208 

New chirotherioid traces (Synaptichnium, 

Chirotherium, Brachychirotherium, Isochirotherium), 

are described in the Argana Basin 

(High Atlas of Morocco). Seeing that these 

ichnotaxa are frequent in the Triassic, their 

occurrence in outcrops formerly mapped as 

Permian (T2 Member) has required detailed 

sedimentological and paleontological studies 

of the fossiliferous site. These studies clearly 

show that the ichnite-bearing strata belong 

actually to the T3 Member of the “regional 

Triassic”, i.e. lower member of the 

Timezgadiwine Formation, the age of which 

was, in fact, unknown up to now. The description 

of these ichnospecies and their statistical 

comparison with those of other Early and 

Middle Triassic areas, suggest an Olenekian 

age for this footprint site, and consequently 

for the T3. The trackmakers were Archosauriformes, 

some of which had autopodia less 

evolved than those of Anisian age. With Lepidosauria, 

they lived in a floodplain close to 

alluvial-fans. 

2010040046 

意大利亚平宁北部 Verghereto Marls 组砂 

屑石灰岩浊流层中中新世遗迹化石库的埋 

藏问题 = Taphonomic aspects of the Miocene 

ichnofossil-Lagerstatte from calcarenite turbiditic 

beds in the Verghereto Marls Formation 

(Northern Apennines, Italy). ( 英文 ). 

Monaco P; Checconi A. Rivista Italiana di 

Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 2010, 116(2): 

237-252 

The lagerstatte is composed by 43 ichnotaxa: 

31 of them are preserved as casts at the 

sole of turbidites, while 12 of them occur at 

the top and within (endichnia) (group b). The 

ichnodensity reaches its maximum at the top 

of the turbiditic beds. Background hypichnia 

is represented by graphoglyptids and nongraphoglyptid 

resting traces (background 

ichnofauna), with three-dimensional networks 

and shafts, meander systems, radiate, plugshaped 

or stellatae structures forming clusters 

and unbranched systems of strings. Many taphonomic 

features suggest a fluting induced 

by bottom currents; graphoglyptids shouldhave 

colonised the substrate after the action of 

these currents being not destroyed or fluted. 

All hypichnial structures are perfectly preserved 

by the turbidite casting and in this 

phase also endichnial burrows could develop. 

2010040047 

遗迹化石 Macaronichnus 属是否是温水到 

冷水的指示者 ? 对该属在热带海岸出现的 

思索 = Is the trace fossil Macaronichnus an 

indicator of temperate to cold waters? Exploring 

the paradox of its occurrence in tropical 

coasts. ( 英文 ). Quiroz L I; Buatois L A; 

Gabriela Mángano M; Jaramillo C A; Santiago 

N. Geology, 2010, 38(7): 651-654 

The trace fossil Macaronichnus is reported 

for the first time from low-latitude, tropical 

settings based on its occurrence in nearshore 

deposits in the Upper Oligocene–Lower Miocene 

Naricual Formation and in the Middle to 

Upper Miocene Urumaco Formation in northern 

Venezuela. Macaronichnus is an intrastratal 

trace fossil attributed to the depositfeeding 

of worms in high-energy, sandy shallow-marine 

environments. The majority of its 

occurrences are from Mesozoic to Cenozoic 

high- to intermediate-latitude shorelines. The 

opheliid polychaetes Ophelia limacina and 

Euzonus mucronata make structures identical 

to those described from the fossil record in 

modern intertidal and shallow subtidal sediments 

of northwestern United States, western 

Canada, and Japan. Macaronichnus shows a 

geographical and environmental distribution in 

the fossil record similar to that of its modern 

producers and has been proposed as an indicator 

of high to intermediate latitudes. Accordingly, 

its presence in the Neogene of Venezuela 

is highly anomalous and seems to challenge 

its paleoclimatic value. However, this 

occurrence may be related to seasonal coastal 

upwelling of nutrient-rich cold waters. Such 

oceanographic conditions were prevalent in 

the northern coast of South America, at least 

from the Late Oligocene to the Early Pliocene 

prior to the final closure of the strait of Panama. 

This study underscores the value of 

Macaronichnus because its presence in the 

tropics may indicate upwelling conditions, 

providing high-resolution information in paleoceanographic 

reconstructions. 

分子古生物学 

2010040048 

从原核生物到哺乳动物的进化谱系中基因 

组大小和有机体复杂性之间的关系 = Relationship 

between genome size and organismal 

complexity in the lineage leading from prokaryotes 

to mammals. ( 英文 ). Markov A V; 

Anisimov V A; Korotayev A V. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(4): 363-373 1 图版 . 

10

The lack of a strict relationship between genome 

size and organismal complexity (level 

of organization) is largely due to size variability 

of the facultative part of the genome. However, 

there is a direct relationship between the 

level of organization and the minimal genome 

size (MGS) in the lineage leading from prokaryotes 

to mammals, in which the tendency 

towards increasing complexity is especially 

clear. The dynamics of MGS in this lineage 

can be adequately described by the model of 

hyperexponential growth. This implies the 

existence of nonlinear positive feedbacks that 

account for the acceleration of MGS growth. 

The nature of these feedbacks is discussed, 

including the formation of new genes by 

means of recombination of the fragments of 

existing genes, formation of “niches” for new 

genes in the course of evolution of gene networks, 

and the expansion of regulatory regions. 

Hyperexponential growth of different 

variables related to the level of organization of 

the biosphere and society (biodiversity, MGS, 

size and complexity of organisms, world 

population, technological development, urbanization, 

etc.) suggests that the evolution of 

the biosphere and humanity in the direction of 

increasing complexity is a self-accelerating 

(autocatalytic) process. 

2010040049 

成种作用的遗传学研究 : 局限和希望 = 

Speciation genetics: Limits and promises. ( 英 

文 ). Karrenberg S. Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 1404- 

1412 

Many central questions on speciation genetics 

such as the nature of genetic changes involved 

and the role of selection in speciation 

have been under prolonged and intense debate. 

The development of massively parallel sequencing 

and increased cooperation among 

ecological, population and molecular geneticists, 

offer the promise to find answers to 

these questions. However, there currently is 

evidence for the involvement of many different 

factors and processes in speciation, with 

their relative importance unresolved. Processes 

implicated in speciation include not only 

geographic isolation and structural change 

through small-effect mutations, but also regulatory 

mutations, copy number variation and 

chromosomal rearrangements, as well as scenarios 

of divergence-with-gene-flow and evolution 

through genetic conflict. In this review, 

I summarize current views and persistent limitations 

in speciation genetics, explore two 

promising research approaches in this field 

and end with an overview on current and expected 

progress in plant speciation genetics. 

2010040050 

变异赶上了步伐 = Variation Catches a Ride. 

( 英文 ). Brian Charlesworth. Science, 2010, 

330(6001): 326 - 327 

Evolutionary change often involves what 

geneticists call quantitative traits—traits such 

as height, weight, or skin color that are determined 

by more than one gene and vary "continuously" 

or "semicontinuously" within a 

population (when graphed, the variation in the 

trait often resembles a bell-shaped curve). 

Quantitative traits are involved in many human 

diseases and in breeding economically 

important plants and animals; as a result, researchers 

are interested in understanding the 

underlying causes of their variation. Geneticists 

are getting ever closer to pinpointing the 

locations of the genetic variants that cause 

variability in quantitative traits, thanks to increasingly 

detailed studies of genomes that 

identify naturally occurring variants at individual 

chromosomal sites, especially differences 

at single-nucleotide sites in the DNA 

sequence (single-nucleotide polymorphisms, 

or SNPs) (1). There has been every reason to 

suppose that quantitative trait variation is subject 

to the same evolutionary forces that affect 

other types of DNA sequence variability, primarily 

by effects on the genes concerned 

through selection on a specific trait. On page 

372 of this issue, Rockman et al. (2) test this 

idea and find that evolutionary mechanisms 

that target larger regions of the genome are 

more prominent than expected. 

2010040051 

秀丽杆线虫关联点的选择造成可遗传的表 

型变异 = Mutation generates the heritable 

variation that genetic drift and natural selection 

shape. In classical quantitative genetic 

models, drift is a function of the effective 

population size and acts uniformly across 

traits, whereas mutation and selection act. ( 英 

文 ). Rockman M V; Skrovanek S S; Kruglyak 

L. Science, 2010, 330(6001): 372-376 

Mutation generates the heritable variation 

that genetic drift and natural selection shape. 

In classical quantitative genetic models, drift 

is a function of the effective population size 

and acts uniformly across traits, whereas mutation 

and selection act trait-specifically. We 

identified thousands of quantitative trait loci 

(QTLs) influencing transcript abundance traits 

in a cross of two Caenorhabditis elegans 

11

strains; although trait-specific mutation and 

selection explained some of the observed pattern 

of QTL distribution, the pattern was better 

explained by trait-independent variation in 

the intensity of selection on linked sites. Our 

results suggest that traits in C. elegans exhibit 

different levels of variation less because of 

their own attributes than because of differences 

in the effective population sizes of the 

genomic regions harboring their underlying 

loci. 

2010040052 

温度是哺乳动物生理节奏振荡的通用调节 

信号 = Temperature as a Universal Resetting 

Cue for Mammalian Circadian Oscillators. ( 英 

文 ). Buhr E D; Yoo S H; Takahashi J S. Science, 

2010, 330(6001): 379-385 

Environmental temperature cycles are a 

universal entraining cue for all circadian systems 

at the organismal level with the exception 

of homeothermic vertebrates. We report 

here that resistance to temperature entrainment 

is a property of the suprachiasmatic nucleus 

(SCN) network and is not a cell-autonomous 

property of mammalian clocks. This differential 

sensitivity to temperature allows the SCN 

to drive circadian rhythms in body temperature, 

which can then act as a universal cue for 

the entrainment of cell-autonomous oscillators 

throughout the body. Pharmacological experiments 

show that network interactions in 

the SCN are required for temperature resistance 

and that the heat shock pathway is integral 

to temperature resetting and temperature 

compensation in mammalian cells. These results 

suggest that the evolutionarily ancient 

temperature resetting response can be used in 

homeothermic animals to enhance internal 

circadian synchronization. 

2010040053 

地中海物种眉兰属 Pseudophrys( 兰科 ) 

的染色体演化 : 染色体组型和多倍体分析 

= Chromosomal evolution in Mediterranean 

species of Ophrys sect. Pseudophrys (Orchidaceae): 

An analysis of karyotypes and polyploidy. 

( 英文 ). Garcia-Barriuso M; Bernardos 

S; Amich F. Taxon, 2010, 59(2): 525-537 

In an effort to clarify the patterns of chromosome 

evolution in Ophrys sect. Pseudophrys 

(Orchidaceae), chromosome counts 

were made of 18 O. sect. Pseudophrys taxa 

from the central-western Mediterranean Basin 

(Iberian Peninsula and North Africa). The present 

results provide, for the first time, the 

chromosome numbers of O. algarvensis, O. 

arnoldii, O. bilunulata and O. dianica; four 

other taxa (O. atlantica, O. lupercalis, O. fusca, 

O. sicula) yielded chromosome numbers not 

previously reported for the Iberian Peninsula. 

The results support the idea that the basic plesiomorphic 

number of Ophrys is x = 18, with 

2n = 36 in most species. About 40% of the 

specimens were polyploids. Karyomorphological 

data do not support classification 

of the investigated species into groups. However, 

the data reveal some geographical differentiation 

and suggest a possible direction of 

chromosomal evolution in Ophrys sect. Pseudophrys. 

2010040054 

一种新的眼子莱属的杂种在欧洲和非洲的 

发现 : 不同无性支系的分子证据和形态学 

比较 = Discovery of a new, recurrently 

formed Potamogeton hybrid in Europe and 

Africa: Molecular evidence and morphological 

comparison of different clones. ( 英文 ). 

Zalewska-Galosz J; Ronikier M; Kaplan Z. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(2): 559-566 

A new Potamogeton hybrid resulting from 

crossing between P. nodosus and P. perfoliatus, 

and occurring in Europe and Africa is described 

here as P. xassidens. The hybrid identity 

was unequivocally confirmed by molecular 

study of ITS and selected chloroplast DNA 

regions. In European populations, for which 

the maternal taxon was identified based on 

cpDNA as P. nodosus, maternally driven expression 

of characters may account to a large 

degree for shaping the range of morphological 

variability of the hybrid taxon. This was accompanied 

by a matroclinal concerted evolution 

observed at the molecular level in the ITS 

sequences. Our observations may suggest the 

presence of some genetic mechanisms that 

promote a higher impact of the maternal lineage 

on the expression and evolution of the 

hybrid variability both at the molecular (direction 

of concerted evolution in hybrids) and the 

morphological level. Distinctive characters of 

P. xassidens and other morphologically close 

Potamogeton hybrids are discussed. The hybrid 

most similar to P. xassidens, namely P. 

xrectifolius, is typified. 

2010040055 

从三个叶绿体数据集中推导出 Salix L.( 杨 

柳科 ) 的分子系统发生学以及它的系统学 

意义 = Molecular phylogeny of Salix L. (Salicaceae) 

inferred from three chloroplast data- 

12

sets and its systematic implications. ( 英文 ). 

Chen J H; Sun H; Wen J; Yang Y P. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(1): 29-37 

Salix is a taxonomically difficult genus and 

its generic limits and infrageneric division are 

still highly controversial. We employed sequences 

of the chloroplast rbcL gene, trnD-T 

spacer and atpB-rbcL spacer for phylogenetic 

analyses of Salix. The results strongly support 

that Salix. Toisusu and Chosenia form a monophyletic 

group, confirming the merge of 

Toisusu and Chosenia with Salix. Within Salix 

s.l., two major clades are recognizable; one 

contains species of subgenus Salix (excluding 

sections Triandrae and Urbanianae), with the 

New World and the Old World species forming 

strongly supported clades, respectively; 

and the other includes sections Triandrae, Urbanianae, 

Chosenia and all species of subgenera 

Chamaetia and Vetrix, with the latter two 

subgenera forming a robustly supported subclade 

but with low resolution. A new infrageneric 

classification of Salix is herein proposed. 

The previously recognized subgenus 

Salix is split into three subgenera: Salix, 

Chosenia and Triandrae, and subgenera 

Chamaetia and Vetrix are combined as subgenus 

Vetrix. 

古生态学 

2010040056 

德国西部鲁尔盆地 Duckmantian 湿地的古 

生态演化 : 孢粉学和煤炭岩相学分析 = Palaeoecological 

evolution of Duckmantian wetlands 

in the Ruhr Basin (western Germany): A 

palynological and coal petrographical analysis. 

( 英文 ). Jasper K; Hartkopf-Froder C; Flajs G; 

Littke R. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 

2010, 162(2): 123-145 7 图版 . 

For this study, six seam sequences of 

Duckmantian age from the Ruhr Basin, western 

Germany, were analysed. 155 samples 

from drill cores were examined, including coal 

samples, as well as organic-rich and clastic 

sedimentary rocks. All samples were analysed 

using palynological and coal petrographical 

techniques. Based on published information of 

in situ miospores the encountered dispersed 

miospores were assigned to their parent plants 

in order to reconstruct the vegetation history. 

Six vegetational associations were identified 

using Detrended Correspondence Analyses 

(DCA): lepidocarpacean association I, lepidocarpacean 

association II, lepidocarpaceansigillarian 

association, lepidocarpaceansphenophyll 

association, lepidocarpacean-fern 

association, and the subarborescent lycopsid 

association. 

Lycospora is the most important constituent 

in the miospore association as in 75% of all 

samples the genus is represented with more 

than 50% relative abundance. Lepidocarpaceans 

such as Lepidophloios and Lepidodendron 

are very common among the plant 

fossils. Hence, arborescent lycopsids dominated 

the vegetation of the Ruhr Basin during 

the mid and late Duckmantian, forming flood 

plains and planar forest mires. Variations in 

the plant environment are reflected by greater 

influence of sigillarians, which were typical 

for swamp margins or for domed swamps, 

characterized by stunted vegetation. Ferndominated 

environments were rare during the 

Duckmantian. 

A typical rhythmic succession shows an 

evolution from clastic flood plains through 

peat substrate planar mires, followed by a 

doming of the swamps and formation of ombrogenous 

mires. Floodplains reappeared during 

periods of subsidence, accompanied by a 

rise in water level. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All 

rights reserved. 

2010040057 

发展中的类禾本植物角质层分析应用于 

Beringian 古生态研究 = Developing graminoid 

cuticle analysis for application to Beringian 

palaeoecology. ( 英文 ). Gaglioti B V; 

Severin K; Wooller M J. Review of Palaeobotany 

and Palynology, 2010, 162(1): 95- 

110 9 图版 . 

Much of Beringia was composed of graminoid 

(grass and sedge) dominated habitats during 

the Late-Pleistocene, yet the account of 

the actual gramioids that were present is relatively 

vague. The spatial and temporal variabilities 

of palaeoclimate, mega-fauna. archaeology, 

and vegetation interactions could 

be significantly enhanced with accounts of 

Beringian graminoids. Fossil graminoid foliage 

is well preserved in permafrost sediments 

from Beringia and is available for identification 

using the micro-morphologies of the leaf 

epidermis (cuticles), which are often consistent 

with taxonomic identity. We present a 

scanning electron microscope (SEM) guide to 

the leaf cuticles of 38 graminoid species 

shown to be, or suspected of being present in 

former Eastern Beringian habitats during marine 

isotope stages (MIS) 2 and 3 (similar 

to.56,000-12,000 cal. yrs BP). We examine 

whether modern specimens have sufficient 

cuticle variability to identify fossil foliage. We 

13

surveyed SEM images from herbarium specimens 

for 50 quantitative and qualitative features 

on both sides (adaxial and abaxial) of 

leaves, and entered these into an interactive 

key program (Delta Editor). Individual species 

were unique based on the combined presence 

of 2-4 cuticle features. Replicate samples (n = 

5) of 10 species were integrated into a cluster 

analysis and visually compared using a dendrogram. 

Overall, fossils that match modern 

specimens with a Gower's similarity coefficient 

of 0.80 or higher can be considered a 

reliable identification match. Several fossil 

graminoid specimens were compared and 

identified with our reference collection. Cuticle 

identification appears to be a viable 

method for future macrofossil analysis in Beringia. 

(C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

2010040058 

花粉分析和远古森林恢复策略 : 来自英国 

威尔士东南部 Wentwood 地区的实例 = 

Pollen analysis and planted ancient woodland 

restoration strategies: a case study from the 

Wentwood, southeast Wales, UK. ( 英文 ). 

Brown A D. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2010, 19(2): 79-90 3 图版 . 

This paper considers the contribution of 

pollen analysis to conservation strategies 

aimed at restoring planted ancient woodland. 

Pollen and charcoal data are presented from 

organic deposits located adjacent to the 

Wentwood, a large planted ancient woodland 

in southeast Wales. Knowledge of the ecosystems 

preceding conifer planting can assist in 

restoring ancient woodlands by placing fragmented 

surviving ancient woodland habitats in 

a broader ecological, historical and cultural 

context. These habitats derive largely from 

secondary woodland that regenerated in the 

3rd-5th centuries a.d. following large-scale 

clearance of Quercus-Corylus woodland during 

the Romano-British period. Woodland 

regeneration favoured Fraxinus and Betula. 

Wood pasture and common land dominated 

the Wentwood during the medieval period 

until the enclosures of the 17th century. Surviving 

ancient woodland habitats contain an 

important Fagus component that probably reflects 

an earlier phase of planting preceding 

conifer planting in the 1880s. It is recommended 

that restoration measures should not 

aim to recreate static landscapes or woodland 

that existed under natural conditions. Very 

few habitats within the Wentwood can be considered 

wholly natural because of the long 

history of human impact. In these circumstances, 

restoration should focus on restoring 

those elements of the cultural landscape that 

are of most benefit to a range of flora and 

fauna, whilst taking into account factors that 

present significant issues for future conservation 

management, such as the adverse effects 

from projected climate change. 

2010040059 

委内瑞拉 Guayana 的 Gran Sabana 地区火 

的潜在作用的古生态学新证据及其对早期 

人类活动的意义 = New palaeoecological 

evidence for the potential role of fire in the 

Gran Sabana, Venezuelan Guayana, and implications 

for early human occupation. ( 英文 ). 

Rull V. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2009, 18(3): 219-224 3 图版 . 

The neotropical Gran Sabana region of 

Venezuela is dominated by apparently anomalous 

vegetation types, treeless savannas and 

savanna-forest mosaics, considering the present-day 

warm and wet bioclimatic conditions. 

Past climatic changes and fire have been proposed 

as the more probable causes. Recent 

palynological studies show that savanna vegetation 

has been present since the beginning of 

the Holocene, but the earliest fires recorded so 

far only go back to 3,800 cal years b.p. This 

paper uses pollen and charcoal analyses to 

show the existence of early Holocene regional 

fires in the Gran Sabana, and to show the intimate 

connection between the proxies for fire 

(charcoal) and savanna vegetation (pollen) 

throughout the Holocene. Although the cause 

of such fires is not yet known, the possibility 

of early Holocene human occupation of the 

Gran Sabana is suggested. 

2010040060 

意大利 Po 平原北部软体动物对更新世海平 

面变化的响应 : 两个伦巴第岩心详细的古环 

境再造 = Malacological response to Pleistocene 

sea-level change in the northern Po Plain, 

N. Italy: Detailed palaeoenvironmental reconstructions 

from two Lombardian cores. ( 英文 ). 

Gianolla D; Negri M; Basso D; Sciunnach D. 


2010, 116(1): 79-102 

The potential of quantitative malacological 

analysis, to provide details to the general 

stratigraphic framework, is here highlighted. 

The evolution of malacological assemblages 

has been recorded and correlated to the general 

regressive trend recognized all over the 

Po Basin. However, as evidenced by malacol- 

14

ogy, the roughly synchronous onset of coarse 

clastic progradation did not result in a synchronous 

shift from marine to transsitional 

and continental settings allover the study areas, 

as an effect of inherited topography and other 

local factors. During marine sedimentation, 

fossil record allowed us to recognize a transgressive 

event, reliably correlated to Marine 

Isotope Stage 35. 

2010040061 

摩洛哥西部浅水和较深水大陆架环境的中 

和晚赛诺曼期海洋缺氧事件 = Middle and 

late Cenomanian oceanic anoxic events in 

shallow and deeper shelf environments of 

western Morocco. ( 英文 ). Gertsch B; Adatte T; 

Keller G; Tantawy A A A M; Berner Z;. 

Sedimentology, 2010, 57(6): 1430–1462 

The response of shallow-water sequences to 

oceanic anoxic event 2 and mid-Cenomanian 

events 1a and 1b was investigated along the 

west African margin of Morocco north of 

Agadir (Azazoul) and correlated with the 

deep-water sequence of the Tarfaya Basin 

(Mohammed Beach) based on biostratigraphy, 

mineralogy, phosphorus and stable isotopes. 

In the deeper Mohammed Beach section results 

show double peaks in δ 13 C org for mid- 

Cenomanian events 1a and 1b (Rotalipora 

reicheli biozone, lower CC10a biozone), the 

characteristic oceanic anoxic event 2 δ 13 C excursion 

(Rotalipora cushmani extinction, top 

of CC10a biozone) and laminated (anoxic) 

black shale. In the shallow environment north 

of Agadir, a fluctuating sea-level associated 

with dysoxic, brackish and mesotrophic conditions 

prevailed during the middle to late 

Cenomanian, as indicated by oyster 

biostromes, nannofossils, planktonic and benthonic 

foraminiferal assemblages. Anoxic 

conditions characteristic of oceanic anoxic 

event 2 (for example, laminated black shales) 

did not reach into shallow-water environments 

until the maximum transgression of the early 

Turonian. Climate conditions decoupled along 

the western margin of Morocco between mid- 

Cenomanian event 1b and the Cenomanian– 

Turonian boundary, as also observed in eastern 

Tethys. North of Agadir alternating humid 

and dry seasonal conditions prevailed, 

whereas in the Tarfaya Basin the climate was 

dry and seasonal. This climatic decoupling can 

be attributed to variations in the Intertropical 

Convergence Zone and in the intensity of the 

north-east trade winds in tropical areas. 

2010040062 

特提斯浅水滩碳酸盐系统至早阿普特阶海 

洋缺氧事件 (OAE 1a) 纬度的不同反应 = 

Latitudinally different responses of Tethyan 

shoal-water carbonate systems to the Early 

Aptian oceanic anoxic event (OAE 1a). ( 英文 ). 

Huck S; Rameil N; Korbar T; Heimhofer U; 

Wieczorek T. Sedimentology, 2010, 57(7): 

1585–1614 

Ocean-wide anoxic events represent intensively 

investigated anomalies in the global 

carbon cycle. Most previous research has focussed 

on hemipelagic and pelagic settings 

and on the relationship between black-shale 

deposition and carbon-isotope excursions. The 

study of ocean-wide anoxic events and coeval 

shallow-water settings is now increasingly 

seen as an interesting complementary approach, 

but one that is not without problems. 

Whereas platform drowning characterizes the 

Early Aptian of the northern Tethyan margin, 

Lithocodium–Bacinella-rich facies and ongoing 

shoal-water sedimentation at the southern 

Tethyan margin (Oman) bears important information 

on potential causes of carbon-cycle 

perturbations. The present paper seeks to test 

the supra-regional relevance of the Oman data 

by investigating coeval central Tethyan limestones. 

Three Lower Aptian shoal-water sections 

in Istria (Croatia), deposited on the isolated 

Adriatic Carbonate Platform, are investigated 

applying chemostratigraphy (carbon and 

strontium) and detailed sedimentological 

analysis. The focus is on peritidal to lagoonal 

facies characterized by mass occurrences of 

Lithocodium–Bacinella, an enigmatic microencruster 

community. Lithocodium–Bacinella 

facies occurs predominantly in layers ranging 

from one to several centimetres in stratigraphic 

thickness, with several layers merging 

to metre-thick packages. Growth fabrics 

within the layers include oncoidal morphotypes, 

lumps, interconnected patches and columns, 

layers and rare nodular to massive 

bindstone facies. These growth patterns show 

a remarkable regional extent and consistency 

over study sites distributed several kilometres 

apart. This widespread distribution suggests 

that specific Lithocodium–Bacinella morphotypes 

might serve as regional stratigraphic 

markers. The high-resolution carbon-isotope 

chemostratigraphy presented here is based on 

pristine rudist shells and matrix micrite samples 

and calibrated against strontium-isotope 

data obtained from screened rudist low-Mg 

calcite. The chemostratigraphic data are consistent 

with existing biostratigraphic data and 

15

place the studied strata at the onset of Early 

Aptian oceanic anoxic event 1a. Moreover, 

results indicate the near-coeval nature of 

Lithocodium–Bacinella bloom facies in Istria 

and Oman. The outcomes of this study point 

to latitudinally different responses of Tethyan 

shoal-water carbonate systems (platform 

drowning versus Lithocodium–Bacinella 

blooms) to the ocean-wide anoxic event 1a. 

2010040063 

华南桂林汉塘弗拉期 - 法门期集群灭绝之前 

的微生物丘 = Microbial mounds prior to the 

Frasnian-Famennian mass extinctions, Hantang, 

Guilin, South China. ( 英文 ). Shen Jianwei; 

Webb G E; Qing Hairuo. Sedimentology, 

2010, 57(7): 1615–1639 

Late Frasnian mounds of the Yunghsien 

Formation, Guilin, South China, developed as 

part of the Guilin platform, mostly in reef-flat 

and platform margin settings. Microbial 

mounds in platform margin settings at Hantang, 

about 10 km west of Guilin, contain 

Frasnian biota, such as Stachyodes and 

Kuangxiastraea and, thus, occur below the 

Frasnian-Famennian mass extinction boundary. 

Platform margin facies were dominated by 

microbes, algae and receptaculitids. Massive 

corals and stromatoporoids are not common 

and rarely show reef-building functions as 

they did in Givetian time. The margin mounds 

are composed of brachiopod-receptaculitid 

cementstone, and a variety of boundstones that 

contain Rothpletzella, Renalcis, thrombolite 

and stromatolite. Other microbial communities 

include Girvanella, Izhella, Ortonella and 

Wetheredella. Solenoporoid algae are abundant 

locally. Zebra structures and neptunian 

dykes are well-developed at some intervals. 

Pervasive early cementation played an important 

role in lithification of the microbial 

boundstones and rudstones. Frasnian reefs of 

many regions of the world were constructed 

by stromatoporoids and corals, although a 

shift to calcimicrobe-dominated frameworks 

occurred before the Famennian. However, the 

exact ages of many Frasnian margin outcrops 

are poorly constrained owing to difficulties 

dating shallow carbonate facies. The Hantang 

mounds represent a microbe-dominated reefbuilding 

community with rare skeletal reef 

builders, consistent with major Late Devonian 

changes in reef composition, diversity and 

guild structure occurring before the end of the 

Frasnian. A similar transition occurred in the 

Canning Basin of Western Australia, but coeval 

successions in North America, Western 

Europe and the northern Urals are either less 

well-known or represent different bathymetric 

settings. The transition in reef-building style 

below the Frasnian-Famennian boundary is 

documented here in the two best exposed successions 

on two continents, which may have 

been global. Set in the larger context of Late 

Devonian and Mississippian microbial reefbuilding, 

the Hantang mounds help to demonstrate 

that controls on microbial reef communities 

differed from those on larger skeletal 

reef biota. Calcimicrobes replaced stromatoporoids 

as major reef builders before the 

Frasnian-Famennian extinction event, and increasing 

stromatoporoid diversity towards the 

end of the Famennian did not result in a resurgence 

of skeletal reef frameworks. Calcimicrobes 

dominated margin facies through the 

Famennian, but declined near the Devonian- 

Carboniferous boundary. Stromatolite and 

thrombolite facies, which occurred behind the 

mound margin at Hantang, rose to dominate 

Mississippian shallow-water reef frameworks 

with only a minor resurgence of the important 

Frasnian calcimicrobe Renalcis in the Visean 

when well-skeletonized organisms (corals) 

also became volumetrically significant frame 

builders again. 

微体古生物学 

综论 

2010040064 

阿根廷西北东科迪耶拉圣维多利亚地区下 

奥陶统 Floian 几丁虫系统描述 = Floian 

Chitinozoans (Lower Ordovician) from Santa 

Victoria area, Cordillera Oriental, northwestern 

Argentina. Systematics.. ( 英文 ). de la 

Puente G S. Ameghiniana: Revista de la asociacion 

Paleontologica Argentina, 2010, 47(2): 

217-238 

Floian chitinozoans from the Acoite Formation 

outcropping in the La Huerta and Grande 

creeks in the Santa Victoria area, northestern 

end of the Argentinian Cordillera Oriental, in 

Salta Province are studied. The chitinozoans 

are calibrated according to the previously established 

graptolite zonation in the La Huerta 

stratigraphic section which includes the Tetragraptus 

akzharensis (latest early Floian), "Baltograptus 

deflexus" (latest middle Floian) and 

Didymograptellus bifidus (late Floian) zones, 

and the associated acritarch assemblages. Despite 

the fact that species identifications of 

chitinozoans are usually difficult to carry out 

because of the scarce and poorly preserved 

specimens, a fairly diverse assemblage is ob- 

16

served in the studied levels. Seven genera and 

15 species are recognized. Of these genera, 

Rhabdochitina, Velatachitina and Siphonochitinn 

are described for the first time in 

Agentina. Ten species are described for the 

first time in Argentina. Lagenochitina sp. A 

and Eremochitina sp. A are local species exlusively 

recorded in northwestern Argentina. 

2010040065 

意大利北部 Como 地区 Gonfolite 

Lombarda 群生物地层和古水深测量的再 

确定 = Reassessing the biostratigraphy and 

the paleobathymetry of the Gonfolite 

Lombarda Group in the Como area (northern 

Italy). ( 英文 ). Tremolada F; Guasti E; Scardia 

G; Carcano C; Rogledi S; Sciunnach D. Rivista 

Italiana di Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 

2010, 116(1): 35-49 

Calcareous nannofossil and foraminiferal 

analyses have been carried out on outcrops 

from the type-area of the GonfoliteLombarda 

Group. In these marine fine-to coarse-grained 

clastics, rapidly accumulating at the southern 

front of the uprising Alpine range during the 

Oligo-Miocene, a scarce, but reliable, sequence 

of calcareous nannofossil events has 

been observed, allowing to refine the prevous 

age assignments. Planktonic foraminifera were 

found to be extremely rare and provided limited 

biostratigraphic information. On the 

whole, the base and the top of the outcropping 

Gonfolite Lombarda Group result from our 

study to be younger than hitherto proposed, 

allowing to resolve certain previous conflicts 

with the few radiometric dates available for 

clasts from the Gonfolite Lombarda Group. 

The depth of deposition was upper bathyal 

during the Chattian and the Aquitanian and 

shallowed to neritic during the deposition of 

the Langhian Lurate Caccivio Mudstones. 

2010040066 

葡萄牙 Lusitanian 盆地下侏罗统辛涅缪尔 

阶潮下带叠层石 = Subtidal stromatolites 

from the Sinemurian of the Lusitanian Basin 

(Portugal). ( 英文 ). Azerêdo A C; Silva R L; 

Duarte L V; Cabral M C. Facies, 2010, 56(2): 

211-230 8 图版 . 

Well-preserved dome-shaped carbonate 

stromatolites occur in the lowermost part of 

the Sinemurian of the Lusitanian Basin (Portugal), 

at S. Pedro de Moel region (W of the 

basin). Deposition in the region took place on 

a westward-dipping carbonate ramp. The 

stromatolitic mounds are not found anywhere 

else in the Sinemurian of the basin and therefore 

are regarded as specific bioevents. In contrast 

to marginal-marine stromatolitic crusts, 

subtidal carbonate mounds other than spongemounds 

have been seldom reported in the 

Lower Jurassic, in particular in the Sinemurian, 

either from Europe or North-Africa. Therefore, 

the case documented here contributes to enhance 

the knowledge on stromatolites of this 

age in the Peri-Tethyan and Proto-Atlantic 

regions. The depositional setting of the studied 

succession is interpreted as a mainly lowenergy, 

restricted marine one, punctuated by 

higher-energy episodes and, locally, subjected 

to more open marine influence. The existence 

of a topographic high and detached shoals at a 

more distal location of the ramp is likely, considering 

regional seismic evidence, the record 

in offshore (to the W) wells of peloidal/ooid 

wacke-packstones with detrital quartz and occurrence 

of a few ooid grainstones in the studied 

section. The inferred positive relief would 

act as a physical constraint that, coupled with 

the low-gradient of the ramp, defined an embayment-like 

environment in which the prevailing 

ecological conditions must have been, 

for the part of the succession bearing the 

stromatolites, unfavorable for many benthic 

organisms, favoring the microbial community. 

The upper part of the succession suggests 

stepwise environmental openness to more marine 

influence alternating with frequent environmental 

restriction. 

2010040067 

土耳其南部阿达纳盆地新近纪沉积中的微 

体古生物学和古生态学 = Micropaleontology 

and paleoecology of the Neogene sediments 

in the Adana Basin (South of Turkey). 

( 英文 ). Darbaşa G; Nazik A. Journal of Asian 

Earth Sciences, 2010, 39(3): 136-147 

This paper analyses the stratigraphical features 

and fossil associations (ostracod and 

planktonic foraminifer) of the late Miocene 

deposits in the Adana Basin. In this research, 

numerous samples were collected from the 

sediments, both below and above the Messinian 

evaporitic layers which cropped out in the 

western and middle part of the Adana Basin, 

due to paleoenvironmental changes during the 

Messinian salinity crisis. The fine-grained 

sediments below the gypsum layers surrounding 

Topçu and Karayayla villages located in 

the western part of the Basin are sterile. Nodular 

anhydrite and enterolithic structures are 

well developed in these selenitic gypsum layers, 

which are supposed to represent a sabkha 

17

environmental condition. In the middle part of 

the Adana Basin, some re-sediment detritic 

gypsum deposits cropped out around Semiramis 

village houses. The lithological characteristics 

and faunal assemblages of the sediments 

both below and above these evaporites are 

more or less similar to each other. Fossil fauna 

(ostracod and planktonic foraminifera) demonstrate 

that these sediments are not older than 

latest Tortonian, as suggested by the presence 

of Neogloboquadrina humerosa, and not 

younger than earliest Messinian, as suggested 

by the last occurrence of Globigerinoides bulloideus. 

Similar planktonic assemblages were 

found in the drill log bored east of the Adana 

Basin, where there was no evaporitic occurrence. 

Both the planktonic species and the 

presence of Globorotalia suterae (from 

7.81 Ma to 7.24 Ma) point that also these fine 

granied sediments a late Tortonian-early 

Messinian in age. The quantity of kaolinite 

recorded is relatively higher in the Tortonianearly 

Messinian than in the late Messinian 

sediments. All data show that, during the latest 

Tortonian-earliest Messinian time interval, the 

area was characterised by shallow marine environments 

and humid climatic conditions. 

2010040068 

北奥赛梯阿尔昆组微体古生物 ( 沟鞭藻、 

超微化石、孢粉 ) 和生物地层 = Micropaleontological 

data (dinocysts, nannoplankton, 

spores and pollen) and biostratigraphy of the 

Alkun Formation, North Ossetia. ( 英文 ). 

Filippova N Yu; Beluzhenko E V; Golovina L 

A. Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation, 

2010, 18(3): 307-330 

The initially obtained data characterize organic-walled 

phytoplankton (dinocysts), nannoplankton, 

spores, and pollen from the Upper 

Argun, Alkun, and Lower Assa deposits of the 

Fiagdon and Mairamadag sections situated on 

the southeast of North Ossetia (North Caucasus) 

in the Alkun Formation stratotype area. 

The lithology of the formation is described, 

and its position in the Oligocene-Miocene 

succession is considered. According to the 

analyzed data on organic-walled phytoplankton 

from the Fiagdon and Mairamadag sections, 

the transitional late Oligocene-early 

Miocene dinoflora from the top of the Argun 

Formation and the lower part of the Alkun 

Formation is in general of the Miocene aspect. 

Based on the dinocysts, deposits from the upper 

part of the Alkun Formation coupled with 

the Assa Formation are attributed to the lower 

Miocene. The entire interval of the studied 

deposits corresponds to the acme subzone Def 

of the Ebu Zone in the Mediterranean dinocyst 

zonation by D. Zevenboom, where it spans the 

top of the Chattian and lower part of the Aquitanian 

Stage. Nannoplankton assemblages 

from the Alkun deposits are tentatively correlated 

with the nannoplankton assemblage of 

Zone NN1 in the standard zonation by E. Martini. 

It is impossible to date precisely the 

Alkun Formation based on nannoplankton, as 

the respective deposits are lacking index species 

and characteristic taxa of the standard 

zonation. The dominance of the cosmopolitan 

species Cyclicargolithus floridanus is a peculiar 

feature of nannoplankton assemblages 

from the Alkun Formation. Palynological data 

are used to consider the dynamics of the evolution 

of the vegetation cover and climate. 

Four episodes of relative cooling are distinguished 

against a background of warmtemperate 

climatic conditions in general. The 

most significant episodes occurred in the mid- 

Alkun time and during the early phase of the 

Assa time. 

2010040069 

奥地利加摩斯白垩系 - 古近系界线 : 特提斯 

西北部半深海环境超微化石地层和地球化 

学特征 = The Cretaceous-Paleogene (K/Pg) 

boundary at Gams, Austria: Nannoplankton 

stratigraphy and geochemistry of a bathyal 

northwestern Tethyan setting. ( 英文 ). Egger H; 

Koeberl C; Wagreich M; Stradner H. Stratigraphy, 

2009, 6(4): 333-347 

In the area east of Gains (Styria, Austria), 

the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary has been 

recognized in a newly discovered section, 

which comprises the upper part of the Cretaceous 

Nephrolithus frequens Zone (CC26) and 

the lower part of the Paleocene Markalius inversus 

Zone (NP1). The 6.5m long section is 

part of the Nierental Formation of the Gosau 

Group of the Northern Calcareous Alps. The 

boundary is characterized by (1) all enrichment 

of the contents of the siderophile elements 

It, Co, Ni, and Cr compared to the 

background and continental crustal values, (2) 

a sudden decrease of carbon and oxygen isotope 

Values, (3) a sudden decrease of carbonate 

content, and (4) an acme of the calcareous 

dinoflagellate cyst Operculodinella operculata, 

which is succeeded by all acme of the small 

coccolith species Neobiscutum parvulum. The 

Neobiscutum acme is associated with a positive 

excursion of delta O-18 indicating a transient 

cooling of ocean Surface waters due to 

18

short-lived changes in the configuration of 

ocean circulation after the impact. 

孢粉 

2010040070 

英国南部科巴姆地区古新世 - 始新世最暖期 

起始阶段植被对古环境变化响应的孢粉学 

证据 = Palynological evidence of vegetation 

dynamics in response to palaeoenvironmental 

change across the onset of the Paleocene- 

Eocene Thermal Maximum at Cobham, 

Southern England. ( 英文 ). Collinson M E; 

Steart D C; Harrington G J; Hooker J J; Scott 

A C; Allen L O; Glasspool I J; Gibbons S J. 

Grana, 2009, 48(1): 38-66 

A high-resolution palynological study is 

undertaken through the Cobham Lignite Bed 

(Cobham, Kent, UK) to investigate vegetation 

response to the rapid climate warming at the 

onset of the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum 

(PETM). The lower laminated lignite 

records negative carbon isotope ( 13C) excursions 

(CIE) (marking the PETM onset) in bulk 

organic material, n-alkanes and, uniquely, also 

in hopanes. The upper blocky lignite represents 

an estimated 4-12 kya after PETM onset. 

Raw and rarefied palynomorph species richness 

measures are higher in the PETM but the 

difference is not statistically significant. Only 

five (of 24) common taxa have last appearance 

or major shifts in percentage occurrence close 

to the PETM onset. One of these, a triporate 

eudicot, occurs only in the maximum negative 

CIE sample and the immediately underlying 

sample, the former at very high percentages, 

an interesting feature of PETM onset. The palynomorph 

composition of Late Paleocene 

samples is significantly different from PETM 

samples. In the late Paleocene there is a close 

association of high abundances of Cicatricosisporites 

(Schizaeaceae) fern spores with microscopic 

and mesoscopic charcoal representing 

a low diversity fire prone fern and woody 

angiosperm community. By contrast, the 

PETM vegetation is characterised by the loss 

of ferns and cessation of fires, an increase in 

wetland plants (including cupressaceous conifers) 

and a more varied flowering plant community 

with palms and eudicots. These palynofloras 

thus indicate little response in plant 

species across the PETM onset but a major 

change in vegetation composition, linked to a 

switch in fire regime. 

2010040071 

格陵兰西部 Nuussuaq 盆地古新世海相序列 

的孢粉和钙质超微化石定年 = Palyno- and 

nannostratigraphic dating of the marine Paleocene 

succession in the Nuussuaq Basin, West 

Greenland. ( 英文 ). Nohr-Hansen H; Sheldon 

E. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 115-116 

2010040072 

Campo 地区 ( 西班牙南比利牛斯盆地中 

部 )Ilerdian 阶副地层层型 : 古新统顶部和 

始新统底部的孢粉学再研究 = The Ilerdian 

parastratotype at Campo (central South Pyrenean 

Basin, Spain): A palynological re-study 

of the uppermost Paleocene and lowermost 

Eocene. ( 英文 ). Nunez-Betelu K; Pujalte V; 

Payros A; Baceta J I; Bernaola G. GFF, 2000, 

122(1): 119-120 

2010040073 

瑞典东南部一段 800 年的粘土层中 Allerod 

暖期 - 新仙女木冷期的花粉带界限 = The 

Allerod-Younger Dryas pollen zone boundary 

in an 800-year varve chronology from southeastern 

Sweden. ( 英文 ). Bjorck J. GFF, 1999, 

121(4): 287-292 

This is the first pollen stratigraphical investigation 

of late Weichselian deposits in the 

area which was situated close to the late 

Weichselian Fennoscandian ice sheet margin 

and the Baltic Ice Lake shore during the Allerod-Younger 

Dryas climatic transition. Pollen 

analyses were carried out on varved clay 

sequences, covering a time span of 350 years 

of an AMS radiocarbon-dated 800-year varve 

chronology, and on two lacustrine sequences. 

The Allerod-Younger Dryas pollen zone 

boundary has been defined at the local varve 

year 2000. The pollen zone boundary coincides 

with an apparent drop of AMS radiocarbon 

ages from c. 11,000 to 10,800-10,600 C- 

14 years BP. The Allerod, Younger Dryas, 

and Preboreal climatic events are distinguished 

in the pollen records of the lacustrine 

sites. Pollen and macrofossil evidence and 

AMS radiocarbon dates at these sites indicate 

that the area was deglaciated during the Allerod. 

Soon after the deglaciation Betula pendula/pubescens 

immigrated. At the Allerod/Younger 

Dryas transition the vegetation 

changed to a herb tundra indicating cooler 

and/or drier conditions. The Younger 

Dryas/Preboreal boundary is characterised by 

a vegetation change from a herb tundra to a 

park tundra with tree birch. Later in the Preboreal 

the vegetation became more dense and 

was dominated again by Betula pendula/pubescens. 

19

2010040074 

瑞典南部布莱金厄省 Farslycke 地区威赫塞 

尔晚期花粉地层学、粘土年代学、放射性 

碳测年和古地磁学的长期变化 = Late 

Weichselian pollen stratigraphy, clay-varve 

chronology, radiocarbon chronology, and palaeomagnetic 

secular variations at Farslycke, 

Blekinge, southern Sweden. ( 英文 ). Ising J. 

GFF, 1998, 120(4): 321-332 

Pollen analysis, AMS C-14 measurements 

and varve counting, carried out on a sequence 

of Late Weichselian lacustrine sediments in 

Blekinge in southeastern Sweden, show that 

the area was deglaciated during the middle 

part of the Bolling, at c. 12,500 C-14 years BP 

+ c. 200 varve years. This date fits well with 

the regional deglaciation chronology. The deglaciation 

was accompanied by a typical late 

glacial vegetation succession. The varve chronology 

for the site is correlated to the regional 

chronology for Blekinge, and the ice recession 

rate is calculated to c. 100 m/year. The palaeomagnetic 

secular variation analyses show 

a characteristic westerly declination swing at c. 

11,500-10,300 C-14 years BP, which is in accordance 

with curves from other sites in 

southern Sweden. 

2010040075 

德国西南黑森林地区南部奥陶纪和志留纪 

变质碎屑沉积岩的原岩年龄 : 孢粉学研究 

及早对古生代大地构造演化的意义 = Ordovician 

and Silurian protolith ages of metamorphosed 

clastic sedimentary rocks from the 

southern Schwarzwald, SW Germany: a palynological 

study and its bearing on the Early 

Palaeozoic geotectonic evolution. ( 英文 ). 

Vaida M; Hann H P; Sawatzki G; Frisch W. 

Geological Magazine, 2004, 141(5): 629-643 

Sedimentation ages of metamorphosed elastic 

sedimentary rocks in the southern Schwarzwald 

were determined by associations of palynomorphs. 

In the northern subunit of the 

Badenweiler-Lenzkirch Zone, two lithostratigraphic 

assemblages could be discerned in 

low-grade metamorphic units by their facies 

and age, thus revealing a more complex internal 

structure of this zone than previously assumed. 

Lower Ordovician metagreywackes 

and metapelites were discerned from Silurian 

metasiltstones. In the cataclastically overprinted 

metasiltstones and phyllites of the 

southern subunit of the Badenweiler- 

Lenzkirch Zone, only poorly preserved microfossil 

remains could be detected. These show 

that the sedimentation ages must be Ordovician 

or younger, but still probably Early Palaeozoic. 

High-grade metapelitic rocks of the 

South Schwarzwald Gneiss Complex contain 

chitinozoans in lenses and layers of schists, 

that are rich in biotite and graphite. They 

yielded mid-Silurian ages and show that this 

crystalline complex does not represent an 

older basement unit but was the result of marine 

sedimentation at that time. The new age 

determinations have a bearing on geodynamic 

reconstructions of the internal Variscides in 

Early Palaeozoic time. They show that sedimentation 

in the oceanic realm of the Badenweiler-Lenzkirch 

Zone or its margins did not 

occur before the Ordovician. After transformation 

of the northern passive into an active 

continental margin, younger greywackes not 

older than Middle Devonian received detritus 

from a volcanic arc, forming above the subduction 

zone. 

2010040076 

阿根廷圣克路斯省 Cabo Curioso 地区地下 

渐新世 - 早中新世 San Julian 组和 Monte 

Leon 组的孢粉学和微体古生物学 = Palynology 

and micropaleontology of the San 

Julian and Monte Leon Formation (Oligocene 

- Early Miocene), Cabo Curioso Subsurface, 

Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. ( 其他 ). 

Nanez C; Quattrocchio M E; Ruiz L. 


Argentina, 2009, 46(4): 669-693 

The CC-3 and CC-4 boreholes drilled a Cenozoic 

sedimentary column integrated by the 

Monte Le On and San Julian formations, similar 

to that cropping out in the Gran Bajo de 

San Julian. The palynology and micropaleontology 

of both boreholes are analyzed, particularly 

focused on the "basal muddy section" of 

the San Julian Formation. The palynomorphs 

of this section are of continental origin, reflecting 

a regional forest dominated by Nothofagaceae, 

Myrtaceae, Podocarpaceae and 

Palmae, developed under a temperate to 

warm-temperate and humid climate. The palynomorphs 

from the carbonaceous claystones 

of the upper part of this section, dominated by 

Poaceae, some Podocarpaceae and the presence 

of fresh-water algae, mainly reflect the 

local vegetation associated with fresh to 

brackish-water swamps. The foraminifera, 

recovered from only two horizons from the 

middle part of the "basal muddy section", 

scarce and poorly preserved, suggest a marginal 

marine paleoenvironment, and resemble 

those described from the Gran Bajo Member 

of the San Julian Formation; the occurrence of 

20

Boltovskoyella patagonica Malumian and Masiuk, 

suggests affinity with the assemblage of 

the late middle Eocene Man Aike Formation 

as well, but specimens are rare and tentatively 

identified. An Oligocene age and a paralic 

paleoenvironment is estimated for the "basal 

muddy section" in the CC-3 and CC-4 boreholes. 

The upper section of the San Julian 

Formation (late Oligocene) yielded an inner 

shelf foraminiferal assemblage, similar to that 

described for the Meseta Chica Member of 

this Formation. The foraminiferal assemblage 

from the base of the overlying Monte Leon 

Formation (early Miocene), mainly composed 

of agglutinated species, and the presence of 

dinoflagellate cysts suggest more open marine 

conditions, probably a middle to outer shelf 

setting, reflecting the transgressive character 

of this Formation. The abrupt change and dissimilitude 

between the foraminiferal assemblages 

of the San Julian and Monte Leon formations 

suggest an unconformable relationship 

between these two units. 

2010040077 

冈瓦纳北缘的南冈瓦纳孢型的识别及土耳 

其东南部和澳大利亚二叠纪地层的生物地 

层对比 = Recognition of southern Gondwanan 

palynomorphs at Gondwana's northern 

margin - and biostratigraphic correlation of 

Permian strata from SE Turkey and Australia. 

( 英文 ). Stolle E. Geological Journal, 2010, 

45(2-3): 336 - 349 

This study focuses on the palynology of 

Guadalupian (Middle Permian) strata of SE 

Turkey, especially on late Wordian and earliest 

Capitanian deposits, which are dated by 

foraminifers and can be chronostratigraphically 

related to the geological timescale. 

Herein, palynological species, such as Altitriletes 

densus, Cymatiosphaera gondwanensis 

and Praecolpatites sinuosus, previously 

characteristic for Pakistan, Australia and Antarctica 

are recorded. Therefore, the Permian 

biozones of marine fauna and the palynology 

of SE Turkey and the rest of the Arabian area 

and Australia are compared and correlated. 

This long-distance, eastern Gondwana-wide 

biostratigraphical correlation, conducted for 

the first time in the Guadalupian epoch in this 

study, showed that Corisaccites alutas has a 

similar Last Occurrence Datum in SE Turkey 

and in Australia. The correlation also showed 

that in the late Wordian a number of species 

were present throughout eastern Gondwana, 

whereas the distribution of other certain species 

was influenced by provincialism. Hence, 

it may be concluded that certain species of 

parent plants probably co-occurred Gondwana-wide, 

while the distribution of others 

was dependant on climate. 

2010040078 

波兰中部圣十字山上法门阶 Dasberg 事件 

层位的地球化学和孢粉学研究 = Geochemical 

and palynological study of the Upper 

Famennian Dasberg event horizon from the 

Holy Cross Mountains (central Poland). ( 英 

文 ). Marynowski L; Filipiak P; Zaton M. Geological 

Magazine, 2010, 147(4): 527-550 

Integrated palynological, organic and inorganic 

geochemical and petrographical methods 

have been used for deciphering the depositional 

redox conditions and character of organic 

matter of the Famennian Dasberg event 

horizon from the deep-shelf Kowala succession 

of the Holy Cross Mountains. The ages of 

the investigated samples have been established, 

using miospore data, as VF (Diducites versabilis-Grandispora 

famenensis) and LV (Retispora 

lepidophyta-Apiculiretusispora verrucosa) 

miospore Zones of the Middle/Upper 

Famennian. In the standard conodont zonation, 

this corresponds to the uppermost postern to 

lowermost praesulcata Zones. The presence of 

green sulphur bacteria biomarkers and dominance 

of small-sized framboids together with 

the presence of large framboids and low values 

of the U/Th ratio may indicate that during 

sedimentation of the lower Dasberg shale, intermittent 

anoxia occurred in the water column, 

or the anoxic conditions prevailed in the 

upper part of the water column, while the bottom 

waters were oxygenated, at least briefly. 

Deposition of the upper Dasberg shale was 

characterized by both bottom water and water 

column anoxia. The lack of acritarcha taxa 

from these intervals could have been due to 

anoxia in the photic zone. Moreover, organic 

content is high in those samples. There is no 

geochemical evidence for anoxia during sedimentation 

of the deposits sandwiched between 

the lower and upper Dasberg shales, or in the 

deposits which underlie and overlie both Dasberg 

shale horizons. The two discrete anoxic 

events are interpreted to be the result of major 

transgressions and the blooming of primary 

producers. Above the Dasberg shales, small 

fragments of charcoal and raised concentrations 

of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are 

detected. This supports the presence of wildfires 

during deposition of shales just above the 

boundary of VF/LV palynological zones. 

Temperatures calculated from the fusinite re- 

21

flectance values suggest that the charcoal was 

formed in low-temperature ground and/or surface 

fires. The typical marine character of 

sedimentation combined with the high proportion 

of charcoals suggests that wildfires were 

large-scale, and that there was intensive transport 

of terrestrial material. The main causes of 

intensive wildfires were a significant rise of 

O-2 in the atmosphere and important progress 

in the land plant diversity during Late Devonian 

times. Palynofacies studies suggest that 

the transgression corresponds to the part Ill of 

the Late Devonian sea-level curve. 

2010040079 

德国西南部 Wutach 地区辛涅谬尔阶 - 普林 

斯巴阶界线 ( 下侏罗统 ) 孢粉学 : 沟鞭藻囊 

孢的系统分类、生物地层和 Liasidium 

variabile 的异养特征 = Palynology of the 

Sinemurian/Pliensbachian boundary (Lower 

Jurassic) in the Wutach area, SW Germany: 

dinoflagellate cyst systematics, biostratigraphy 

and heterotrophic character of Liasidium 

variabile. ( 英文 ). Feist-Burkhardt S. Neues 

Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 

2009, 254(3): 293-313 

The encountered dinoflagellate cyst taxa are 

documented and their morphology, systemaics 

and stratigraphical ranges are discussed. The 

precise correlation of the samples to chronozones 

and subzones and the continuous record 

of dinoflagellate cysts from all sampled beds 

in this section allow a high-resolution palynostratigraphical 

characerisation of the Sinemurian/Pliensbachian 

boundary. The study 

yielded new information on the stratigraphical 

ranges of some widely used index taxa such as 

Liasidium variabile, Mancodinium semitabulatum 

and Valvaeodinium armatum. The discovery 

of weakly flurescing, brownpigmented 

specimens of Liasidium variabile, 

together with evidence from previous studies, 

leads to the interpretation that these cysts may 

have been formed by a heterotrophic dinoflagellate. 

2010040080 

安徽牯牛降植物的花粉形态及生态意义 = 

Pollen morphology and their ecological significance 

in national natural reservation region 

of Guniujiang in Anhui Province. ( 中文 ). 徐 

敏 ; 周忠泽 ; 马淑勇 ; 孙庆业 ; 许仁鑫 . 微体古生 

物学报 , 2010, 27(2): 173-190 4 图版 . 

应用光学显微镜对安徽省牯牛降 8 月份 

开花的 26 科 44 属 44 种 2 变种植物的花粉 

形态进行了观察和研究 , 提供各种花粉的鉴 

定特征。对这些植物的生态因子 , 包括海拔 

高度、年降水量、年积温和生境进行归纳 

总结。通过对这些花粉类型植物母体生态 

环境的归纳总结 , 讨论了它们的生态环境指 

示义。研究结果为皖南山区沉积花粉的准 

确鉴定提供鉴别指南和标准对照图谱。 

2010040081 

湖北宜昌寒武系纽芬兰统岩家河组中的蓝 

菌类化石 = Cyanobacteria fossils from the 

Yanjiahe formation, Terreneuvian, Cambrian, 

Yichang, Hubei. ( 中文 ). 郭俊锋 ; 李勇 ; 舒德干 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2010, 27(2): 144-149 

本文报道了产于湖北宜昌寒武系纽芬兰统 

岩家河组中的蓝菌类化石 Girvanella sp., 

从而丰富了我国寒武系底部蓝菌类化石的 

新产地。文中还讨论了蓝菌类化石的保存 

方式和蓝菌类在硅磷质结核的形成过程中 

的作用。 

2010040082 

内蒙古乌兰盖盆地早白垩世孢粉组合 = 

Early Cretaceous palynological assemblages 

from the Wulangai Basin, Inner Mongolia. ( 中 

文 ). 丁秋红 ; 李永飞 ; 张健 ; 李晓海 ; 苏飞 ; 郜晓 

勇 ; 王杰 ; 陈树旺 ; 郑月娟 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2010, 27(2): 159-172 3 图版 . 

内蒙古乌兰盖盆地下白垩统大磨拐河组 

孢粉组合自上而下划分为两个组合 : 下部组 

合以 Cyathidites-Cicatricosis porites- 

Podocarpidites 为代表 , 地质时代为早白垩 

世凡兰吟期 — 欧特里夫期 (Valanginian - 

Hauterivian); 上部组合以 Cicatricosispori 

tes-Appendicis porites- 

Pinuspollenites 为代表 , 地质时代为早白 

垩世欧特里夫期 — 巴雷姆期 ( Hauterivian 

—Barremian) 。在区域上可以与辽宁西部 

地区下白垩统九佛堂组、沙海组 , 内蒙古二 

连盆地下白垩统赛汉塔拉组 , 海拉尔盆地和 

大兴安岭地区的下白垩统大磨拐河组孢粉 

组合对比。 

2010040083 

海南乐东洪帽剖面鹿母湾组孢粉组合及其 

地层意义 = Sporopollen assemblage from the 

Lumuwan Formation at the Hongmao Section 

of Ledong County , Hainan and their Stratigraphical 

significance. ( 中文 ). 黄嫔 ; 龙文国 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2008, 25(1): 78-90 2 图版 . 

作者系统地研究了海南乐东洪帽剖面鹿 

母湾组孢粉化石 , 共计 26 属 60 种 , 其中苔 

藓类植物孢子 1 属 3 种 , 蕨类植物孢子 18 

22

属 30 种 , 裸子植物花粉 7 属 27 种 , 组成以 

Cicat 

ricosisporites- 

Schizaeoisporites -Ephedripites- 

Exesipollenites 为特征的孢粉组合。依据 

组合中主要分子和重要分子地质时限的讨 

论以及与相关孢粉组合进行比较 , 将洪帽剖 

面鹿母湾组的地质时代归为 Aptian 期 — 早 

Albian 期。 

2010040084 

红树 ( Rhizophora apiculata Bl . ) 的花粉形 

态与多态现象 = Pollen morphology and 

polymorphism of Rhizophora apiculata Bl. 

( Rhizophoraceae). ( 中文 ). 毛礼米 ; 王东 ; 陈建 

海 ; 钟才荣 . 微体古生物学报 , 2008, 25(4): 

393-403 4 图版 . 

通过光学显微镜 (LM) 和扫描电子显微镜 

(SEM) 观察表明 , 红树 (Rhizophora apiculata) 

花粉粒赤道面的形状为球形 — 近球形 , 极面 

观为圆三角形 , 偶见圆四方形 , 3 —4 孔沟 , 

具有连续的环赤道内孔 , 花粉外壁的典型纹 

饰为细网状 — 皱纹状 (microreticulaterugulate)。 

作者首次报道红树花粉的多态现 

象 , 其花粉外壁纹饰和萌发孔数量存在显著 

的变异 , SEM 观察到花粉外壁纹饰的变异 

主要是孔状 (perforate)、皱纹状 ( rugulate) 和 

穴状 (foveolate) 等类型 , LM 观察发现 4 个 

萌发孔的花粉变异类型。花粉形态的观察 

与描述为化石花粉的鉴别提供了不可或缺 

的对比依据。研究红树的花粉形态和发现 

多态现象有助于了解红树科红树属的花粉 

外壁演化。花粉的多态现象表明单个花粉 

形态特征并不能完全代表种的特征。花粉 

的分类也应该充分考虑花粉性状的间断和 

连续性 , 以期正确认识花粉性状在种群内的 

变异和变异式样 , 达到客观认识和正确划分 

植物种下等级的目的。花粉的多态现象为 

化石花粉的种类鉴定增加了新的参考信息 , 

作者也讨论了花粉多态现象在植物系统演 

化和古生态学等研究中的可能价值与意 

义。 

2010040085 

菹草 ( Potamogeton crispus) 的花粉形态与 

其生态因子 = Study on pollen morphology 

and ecological factors of potamogeton crispus. 

( 中文 ). 张颖 ; 周忠泽 ; 赵秀侠 ; 许仁鑫 . 微体古 

生物学报 , 2008, 25(1): 91-96 1 图版 . 

应用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜 

对安徽大学校内水池中眼子菜科植物菹草 

的花粉形态进行了观察和研究。结果表明 

花粉粒球形至近球形 , 花粉大小为 21. 0 — 

29. 0μm, 平均为 24. 5μm。无萌发孔。光学 

显微镜下 , 花粉外壁纹饰为网状 , 外壁厚约 4. 

1μm, 两层明显 , 外层较内层厚。在扫描电 

镜下花粉表面具粗网状纹饰 , 网脊窄。在透 

射电镜下 , 花粉外壁为三层组成 , 即覆盖 

层、柱状层和基层。外壁内层不明显。覆 

盖层不连续 , 为半覆盖层 ; 柱状层小柱发达 ; 

基层较厚。同时研究了菹草花粉的地理分 

布及其与生态因子的系。根据菹草植物赖 

以生存的生态因子 , 得出菹草花粉分布区的 

主要生态因子 , 包括地理位置、海拔高度、 

年降水量、年积温及生境 , 为利用地层中眼 

子菜科化石花粉重建古气候、古环境及气 

候变迁提供了现代孢粉学资料和依据。 

2010040086 

彰武盆地张强凹陷早白垩世孢粉组合 = 

Early Cretaceous spore and pollen assemblages 

from Zhangqiang depression in the 

Zhangwu Basin, Liaoning Province. ( 中文 ). 

张剑 ; 刘洪涛 ; 吴炳伟 . 微体古生物学报 , 2008, 

25(2): 196-203 

张强凹陷是一个早白垩世断陷盆地 , 1987 

年以来辽河油田公司在该区钻探了各类石 

油探井 200 余口 , 并在下白垩统采获了较丰 

富的孢粉化石 , 建立了 3 个早白垩世孢粉组 

合 , 自下而上为 Concavissimisporites - 

Deltoidospora-Piceaepollenites 组合、 

Cicatricosisporites -Liaoxisporis- 

Classopollis 组合以及 Cyathidites- 

Cicatricosisporites-Laevigato- porites- 

Clavatipollenites 组合 , 分别产自九佛堂组、 

沙海组和阜新组。叙述了组合特征 , 通过与 

国内外孢粉组合的对比及特征分子的时代 

分布 , 确立了本区早白垩世生物地层层序及 

地质时代。并利用孢粉相对油气生成环境 

进行了探讨。 

2010040087 

新疆塔里木盆地中侏罗世塔尔尕组孢粉植 

物群及地层和古地理意义 = Middle Jurassic 

palynoflora from the Taerga Formation in the 

Tarim Basin, Xinjiang and its bearings on 

stratigraphy and palaeogeography. ( 中文 ). 江 

德昕 ; 王永栋 ; 何卓生 ; 董凯林 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2008, 25(4): 333-344 2 图版 . 

新疆塔里木盆地侏罗系分布广泛 , 在库车 

凹陷和塔西南区发育最好。目前对库车凹 

陷的三叠纪和侏罗纪孢粉植物群研究较为 

深入 , 而对塔西南区侏罗纪孢粉化石专题研 

究不多 , 尚未建立孢粉组合。作者基于塔西 

23

南区乌恰中侏罗统塔尔尕组发现的孢子花 

粉 33 属 48 种的研究 , 建立了塔尔尕组孢粉 

组合。该组合以掌鳞杉科花粉 Classopollis 

的优势和真蕨目桫椤科孢子 Cyathidites 的 

繁盛为特征 , 并含有丰富多样且颇具侏罗纪 

色彩的孢子花粉化石类型。该组合与西欧 

和俄罗斯巴柔期至巴通期孢粉组合以及北 

美和澳大利亚巴柔期至卡洛夫期孢粉组合 

可以进行对比 ; 与我国新疆库车恰克马克 

组、陕西延安直罗组和湖北兴山沙溪庙组 

等孢粉组合也可对比。根据孢粉学证据 , 塔 

尔尕组的时代应属于中侏罗世晚期 ( 巴通期 

至卡洛夫期 ) 。当前孢粉植物群支持我国侏 

罗纪南北植物地理区系之西端分界之划分 

方案 , 即塔西南乌恰处于界线以南 , 而库车 

处于分界以北。 

2010040088 

唐古拉山地区渐新世孢粉植物群及其古植 

被、古气候 = Oligocene palynoflora, paleovegetation 

and paleoclimate in the Tanggula 

Mountains, northern Tibet. ( 中文 ). 段其发 ; 张 

克信 ; 王建雄 ; 姚华舟 ; 牛志军 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2008, 25(2): 185-195 1 图版 . 

唐古拉山地区广泛出露早新生代陆相地 

层 , 较好地记录了青藏高原北部新生代地质 

构造演化与古环境变迁的过程。通过在该 

区 1 ∶25 万地质调查对雅西措组上段进行 

孢粉分析表明 , 孢粉组合以裸子植物花粉为 

主要成分 , 地质时代为早 — 中渐新世。在此 

基础上划分了 3 个孢粉植物群 2 气候期 , 当 

时植被是以松科植物为主组成的针叶林植 

被 , 从早期到中期喜湿热的蕨类植物和落叶 

阔叶树种增多 ; 气候从凉爽湿润的南温带 → 

半湿润偏干的北亚热带 → 偏干的南温带的 

转变。 

2010040089 

山西保德晚石炭世至早二叠世重要孢粉属 

种丰度的变化及其反映的古生态变迁 = 

Fluctuation of miopore abundance in the Late 

Carboniferous —Early Permian assemblages 

from Baode, Shanxi , and their bearingon palaeoecology. 

( 中文 ). 刘锋 ; 朱怀诚 ; 欧阳舒 . 微 

体古生物学报 , 2007, 24(4): 393-406 2 图版 . 

山西保德扒楼沟剖面本溪组 — 太原组 156 

块样品 ( 本溪组 47 块、太原组 75 块和山西 

组 34 块 ) 中 , 有 113 块产有保存良好的孢粉 

化石。结合现有原位孢粉的资料 , 通过大量 

的统计分析 , 作者在这段地层中识别出了植 

物群演替的四个阶段 , 从这四阶段开始地层 

层位的沉积构造判断 , 大致可以推断出这四 

次发展过程的主要诱发因素是在这段时间 

内频繁发生的海进 , 并且从孢粉丰度的变化 

中可以看出在这种动荡的环境下 , 同孢植物 

的真蕨类 , 以及楔叶类 , 由于在事件发生之 

后表现出较强的复苏能力 , 使得这段地层中 

的真蕨类以及楔叶类的孢子在整段沉积物 

中的含量相对较高 , 而石松纲的鳞木类以及 

松柏纲的科达类的复苏能力则相对较弱 , 因 

此产自这两类母体植物的孢粉在地层中始 

终不占主要位置。 

2010040090 

南海 184 站深海沉积中孢粉、藻类研究及 

古环境分析 = Sporopollen and algae researchon 

deep-sea sediments of core 184 in the 

south China sea and paleoenvironmental 

analysis. ( 中文 ). 张玉兰 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2008, 25(1): 97-101 

对南海 184 站深海柱状剖面进行了孢 

粉、藻类研究 , 根据孢粉成分的变化将南海 

184 站深海沉积从下至上划分了 5 个孢粉组 

合带 , 依次为 : Ⅰ 带 (460 —370 cm) : Quercus 

( 常绿 )-Pinus-Dacrydium-Magnolia- 

Polypodiaceae 孢粉带 ; Ⅱ 带 (370 — 

250cm) :Taxodiaceae-Quercus ( 常绿 )-Pinus- 

Polypodiaceae 孢粉带 ; Ⅲ 带 (250 —140 cm) : 

Pinus-Polypodiaceae - Gramineae-Pteridium 

孢粉带 ; Ⅳ 带 (140 —95 cm) : Polypodiaceae- 

Pinus-Quercus ( 常绿 )-Gramineae 孢粉带 ; Ⅴ 

带 (95 —0 cm) : Dacrydium-Pinus-Cyathea- 

Polypodiaceae 孢粉带。并相应恢复了南海 

东部 12 万年以来 4 个植被、气候和古环境 

演替阶段 , 结合氧同位素测年资料 , 对 184 

站柱状地层时代划分做了讨论 , 为南海古植 

被、古气候和古环境演变研究提供了科学 

依据。 

2010040091 

原多甲藻类 Parthenopes Zingone & 

Montresor 1988( 多甲藻科 , 甲藻纲 ) 孢 

囊之间的一种新关联 = A new cyst-theca 

relationship for Protoperidinium parthenopes 

Zingone & Montresor 1988 (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae). 

( 英文 ). Kawami H; Matsuoka K. 

Palynology, 2009, 33(2): 11-18 

Organic-walled resting cysts of Protoperidinium 

parthenopes Zingone & Montresor 1988 

were collected from a sediment trap in Omura 

Bay, western Japan. The cysts are spherical 

and pale brown in color. The cyst wall has two 

layers: a thick endophragm with granulate surface, 

and a thin periphragm. Three complete 

and incomplete parasutures appear on the sur- 

24

face of the endocyst. The archeopyle formed 

on the endocyst is basically saphopylic and 

compound with some combination of complete 

and incomplete parasutures. The cyst of 

Protoperidinium parthenopes closely resembles 

the cyst of Protoperidinium americanum 

(Gran & Braarud 1935) Balech 1974, but differs 

in the shape of the periphragm, the cyst 

diameter, and in the archeopyle. 

2010040092 

印度尼西亚婆罗洲 Mahakam 三角洲 : 现 

代热带三角洲和陆架沉积物的孢粉分布 = 

Palynomorph distribution in modern tropical 

deltaic and shelf sediments - Mahakam Delta, 

Borneo, Indonesia. ( 英文 ). Hardy M J; Wrenn 

J H. Palynology, 2009, 33(2): 19-42 

The Mahakam Delta is a tropical, fluviotidally 

dominated delta prograding onto a 

mixed siliciclastic-carbonate shelf. Surface 

sediments were collected from 12 distinctive 

depositional environments extending from the 

head of the Mahakam Delta to the shelf edge. 

Organic matter was extracted from 200 samples 

by acid digestion, and seven palynomorph 

types (pollen, embryophyte spores. fungal 

spores. foraminiferal linings, copepod eggs, 

tintinnomorphs, and dinocysts) were identified 

and counted, and their percentages and concentrations 

calculated. Total organic carbon 

(TOC), lithology, and depositional environments 

were recorded for each sediment sample. 

The amounts of terrestrial palynomorphs in 

sediments can be explained by transport and 

depositional processes, and four groups of environments 

are identified (tidally influenced, 

detrital peat beach, lowland rain forest, and 

marine shelf). Because of tidal flushing of the 

delta plain, pollen, embryophyte spores, fungal 

spores and soft plant debris from the soil 

litter are deposited together with elastic mud 

at slack-water periods. As a result, all tidallyinfluenced 

environments exhibit constant 

numbers of pollen, embryophyte spores, and 

fungal spores per unit of TOC. In lowland rain 

forest sediments, there is minor elastic dilution 

and the numbers of pollen and spores are three 

to 10 times higher per unit TOC than in 

tidally-influenced sediments. In detrital peat 

beach and marine shelf sediments, the number 

of sporomorphs per unit TOC is lower than 

expected because of the selective removal of 

sporomorph-sized particles by wave action 

and of dilution with autochthonous marine 

organic matter respectively. 

In contrast, the amounts of marine palynomorphs 

in sediments are related to the depositional 

environments. Relative amounts of marine 

palynomorphs increase gradually offshore, 

as both the sporomorph percentages and concentrations 

decrease simultaneously. Once in 

fully marine conditions, concentrations of marine 

palynomorphs are comparable in all shelf 

environments. The marine assemblages are 

mainly represented by zooplankton (copepod 

eggs) and benthic protists (foraminiferal linings), 

the phytoplanktonic constituent (dinocyst) 

playing a subordinate role. 

2010040093 

委内瑞拉西部梅里达安第斯山脉晚白垩世 

和古新世有黏结丝的花粉 = Pollen with 

viscin threads from the Late Cretaceous and 

Paleocene, Merida Andes, Western Venezuela. 

( 英文 ). Pocknall DT; Jarzen D M. Palynology, 

2009, 33(2): 55-61 

Fossil pollen exhibiting viscin threads are 

reported from Upper Cretaceous and Paleocene 

deposits in western Venezuela. The 

sediments were deposited in a marginal marine 

environment in all area presently occupied 

by the northern flank of the Venezuelan 

Andes. The palynofloras are well preserved 

and diverse and provide insight into the ancient 

vegetation of Venezuela. 

Pollen-bearing viscin threads from the Upper 

Cretaceous Mito Juan Formation are assigned 

to the genus Colombipollis Sarmiento 

Perez 1994. The pollen grains are 

tri(col)porate, normally quite smooth, and 

most often viewed in an oblate (flattened) 

state. The viscin threads are on the proximal 

and distal sides of the pollen and vary in 

length; they appear to have a simple morphology 

unlike the complex, rope-like threads seen 

on pollen of the Onagraceae and some other 

angiosperm families. All observations to date 

are made using a standard light microscope 

but more morphological detail could be revealed 

using scanning electron microscopy. 

The pollen exhibiting viscin threads from the 

Palcocene Los Cuervos Formation are clearly 

related to onagraceous types and are assigned 

to the genus Corsinipollenites Nakomen 1995. 

The pollen is triporate and the viscin threads 

originate from the polar regions of the pollen. 

They resemble pollen reported from Eocene to 

Miocene deposits in the southern hemisphere 

(Australia, New Zealand) although are smaller 

in overall dimensions. 

The Venezuelan pollen reported in this paper 

post date the earliest record of viscin 

25

threads in the Turonian of the eastern United 

States. They represent the first reported forms 

from the South American region. In modem 

plants the presence of viscin threads has been 

related to the development of highly specific 

plant-pollinator relationships; their presence in 

the Late Cretaceous and Palcocene ill Venezuela 

may help constrain the timing of the origin 

of certain insect groups in this area. 

2010040094 

在考古花粉样品中降低木炭的含量 = Reducing 

charcoal abundance in archaeological 

pollen samples. ( 英文 ). Bryant V M; Holloway 

R G. Palynology, 2009, 33(2): 63-72 

In the field of archaeological palynology, 

charcoal and ash debris in sediments have 

been among the palynologists' worst enemies. 

Too often important pollen information is 

found in the soils of sites near fire hearths 

where the members of ancient cultures would 

gather to eat and conduct social activities, and 

in winter sleep near the fire. For decades archaeological 

palynologists have searched for 

ways to remove the thousands of tiny flecks of 

charcoal and ash in these samples so the fossil 

pollen can be observed. Until now, no technique 

has proven adequate for successful 

charcoal removal without the loss of pollen. 

We have not completely solved this problem, 

but we have developed an extraction method 

that significantly reduces the amount of included 

charcoal and ash in archaeological 

sediments. We tested this new extraction procedure 

on charcoal-laden archaeological 

sediments from a pueblo site in Arizona. The 

result demonstrates the advantage of using this 

new pollen extraction procedure for certain 

types of archaeological soils. 

2010040095 

从孢粉数据中得到的生物地层信息 : 在数 

据表述和处理上的实验和质疑 = Depicting 

biostratigraphical data from palynodata: experiments 

and questions in data presentation 

and manipulation. ( 英文 ). White J M; Jessop 

C M; Scotese C R; Lai G; da Roza R J. Palynology, 

2009, 33(2): 157-174 

Experiments are presented here in analysis 

and depiction of Palynodata records. Palynodata, 

a database of pre-Quaternary records of 

fossil palynomorphs compiled from global 

literature, is now available as Geological Survey 

of Canada (GSC) Open File 5793. Palynodata 

is a non-random sample of the distributions 

of palynomorphs. Hence, for any 

taxon, occurrence records in Palynodata serve 

as a proxy for its 'real' distribution in geological 

time and paleogeographical space. These 

experiments may be useful starting points for 

students of palynology in their exploration of 

Palynodata records. Palynoplot software bins 

and plots Palynodata taxa retrievals by time, 

and by the modern latitude of the study sites. 

It uses geographical co-ordinates for the study 

localities in Palynodata and the geological 

time scale. Such plots reveal temporal and 

latitudinal distribution patterns, and potential 

taxonomic and data problems such as outliers 

and inconsistent taxonomy. Taxonomic studies 

can be supported by considering time by 

latitude distributions, in addition to traditional 

morphology and priorities. The modern latitude 

of the sites studied gives increasing distortion 

with geological age. Palynodata output 

and the study locality file was input for PaleoGIS 

software to depict occurrence records 

on paleogeographical maps. PaleoGIS software 

showed changing occurrence patterns on 

rotated plates. 

An experimental trend surface model of the 

Jurassic-Cretaceous transition used binned 

records of common filicale genera which were 

evolutionarily sensitive between 180 and 100 

Ma. The results demonstrate potential for the 

technique, and lessons for interpretation and 

future refinement. Common taxa may become 

useful for biostratigraphical problems and, by 

calibration against reference sections, this 

technique might be refined to provide a useful 

biostratigraphical standard for geological system 

boundaries. These manipulations of Palynodata 

records are a 'proof-of-concept' demonstration 

of techniques that may help to reveal 

the biostratigraphical, paleoecological, 

and paleoclimatological significance of fossil 

palynomorphs. Such work also reveals desirable 

improvements in Palynodata. The precision 

of indexing species in Palynodata may 

limit the potential level of chronostratigraphical 

resolution. 

2010040096 

全新世黑海西南部盐度改变 : 基于沟鞭藻 

孢囊的重建 = Holocene salinity changes in 

the Southwestern Black Sea: a reconstruction 

based on dinoflagellate cysts. ( 英文 ). Verleye 

T J; Mertens K N; Louwye S; Arz H W. Palynology, 

2009, 33(1): 77-100 

Dinoflagellate cysts were used as a proxy 

for reconstructing the salinity variations during 

the Holocene in the southwestern Black 

Sea. The aim of this study was to determine 

the timing of the reconnection between the 

26

Black and Marmara seas. Core GeoB 7625-2, 

located 50 km northeast of the mouth of the 

Sakarya River, was sampled with a 200-year 

resolution between 7.42 and 0.52 ka BP. The 

lower part of the core was sampled with varying 

resolution. A distinct change in the 

dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from freshwater/brackish 

water to saltwater was observed 

between similar to 8.25 and similar to 7.97 ka 

BP, which is similar to 0.6 ka earlier than observed 

in other dinoflagellate cyst studies. 

This discrepancy may indicate the diachronous 

salinification of the Black Sea. The 

freshwater to brackish water assemblage is 

dominated by Pyxidinopsis psilata and 

Spiniferites cruciformis, while the most important 

euryhaline species are Lingulodinium 

machaerophorum and cysts of Pentapharsodinium 

dalei. The average process length of 

Lingulodinium machaerophorum was used as 

a salinity proxy. Both proxies suggest a gradual 

reconnection between the Black and Marmara 

seas, and these findings confirm earlier 

studies. Peridinium ponticum is restricted to 

the Black Sea; abundance fluctuations of this 

species were controlled by salinity variations 

and changes in nutrient concentrations. Earlier 

studies have demonstrated that the 800 to 500 

year cycles observed in the sedimentary record 

are related to the intensity of the discharge 

of the Sakarya River, and linked to the 

North Atlantic Oscillations. Cysts of Pentapharsodinium 

dalei and Spiniferites spp. fluctuated 

synchronously with the clay layer frequency. 

The poor preservation of these forms 

may indicate shelfal transport during periods 

of intense river discharge. The variation in 

relative abundance of heterotrophic species 

does not correlate with the clay layer frequency, 

since upwelling and nutrient supply 

also influenced their abundances. Lingulodinium 

machaerophorum shows the highest relative 

abundances during periods with reduced 

river input. 

2010040097 

利比亚中泥盆世 ( 吉维期 ) 一些奇怪孢型 

的描述和微观分析 = Description and microscale 

analysis of some enigmatic palynomorphs 

from the Middle Devonian (Givetian) 

of Libya. ( 英文 ). Steemans P; Javaux EJ; 

Breuer P; Le Herisse A; Marshall C P; De 

Goyet F D. Palynology, 2009, 33(1): 101-112 

Large acritarchs were recovered from the 

Awaynat Wanin II Formation in the A1-69 

borehole, western Libya at 394.4 m. This 

sample has been dated by acritarchs and 

spores as Givetian (Middle Devonian). Two 

species of acanthomorph acritarchs were recovered 

that are unusually large for the Paleozoic. 

The first type, represented by a single 

specimen, is a new occurrence of a previously 

described but unnamed form from the Middle 

Devonian of the Sahara. The second type, 

which is more abundant, is named as Vanguestainidium 

cucurbitulum gen. et sp. nov. 

Biogeochemical analysis using infrared microspectroscopy 

shows that the wall composition 

of this new taxon is close to algaenans 

isolated from the green alga Botryococcus 

braunii Kutzing 1849 although these forms 

are not morphologically similar. The presence 

of well-preserved fragile palynomorphs, 

abundant terrestrially-derived palynomorphs 

including large megaspores, and rare marine 

palynomorphs suggests deposition in a lowenergy 

nearshore environment such as a 

coastal swamp. 

2010040098 

智利南部 Punta Prat 地区的古近纪沟鞭藻 

囊孢 = Paleogene dinoflagellate cysts From 

Punta Prat, Southern Chile. ( 英文 ). Quattrocchio 

M E. Palynology, 2009, 33(1): 141-156 

Paleogene dinoflagellate cysts were recorded 

from the Chorrillo Chico and Agua Fresca 

formations at Punta Prat. southern Chile. Due 

to the presence of Palaeoperidinium pyrophorum, 

the Chorrillo Chico Formation is no 

younger than Late Selandian. By comparison 

with other basins, a Late Danian to Late Selandian 

age is proposed for the Chorrillo 

Chico Formation at Punta Prat. The Paleocene-Eocene 

boundary is characterized by 

Apectodinium-dominated assemblages in the 

mid and high latitudes, the Atlantic coast of 

Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego in Argentina, 

and Chile. The absence of this event at Punta 

Prat suggests a regional hiatus across the Paleocene-Eocene 

boundary. An Early to Middle 

Eocene age is assigned to the lower part of the 

Agua Fresca Formation by comparison with 

dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from elsewhere 

in the Southern Hemisphere. 

2010040099 

智利南部早白垩世 (Hauterivian 期 ) 的一个 

孢粉组合 = An early Cretaceous (Hauterivian) 

spore-pollen assemblage from Southern Chile. 

( 英文 ). Cranwell L M; Srivastava S K. Palynology, 

2009, 33(1): 241-280 

A single sample from the Springhill Group 

of well 2 at La Posesion in the Manantiales 

oilfield, southern Chile at 1752 in yielded a 

27

ich spore-pollen assemblage. The sample is 

from the base of approximately 32 in of medium- 

to coarse-grained sandstone with 

streaks of brown-gray clay and occasional 

carbonaccous streaks. Forty-nine species of 

pollen and spores in 36 genera are documented. 

On the basis of the occurrences of 

Aequitriradites plicatus, Appendicisporites 

jansonii, Contignisporites multimuratus, Cyclusphaera 

sp. A, Muricingulisporis annulatus, 

and Ornamentifera echinata, the age of the 

sample is considered to be Early Cretaceous 

(Hauterivian). The absence of marine palynomorphs 

indicates that the horizon sampled was 

deposited in a non-marine setting, close to 

araucarian and fern vegetation. The spore genus 

Sphagnites Cookson 1953 is emended, 

and the species Sphagnum antiquasporites 

Wilson & Webster 1946 is transferred to 

Sphagnites. 

2010040100 

莫桑比克北部陆上鲁伍马盆地晚侏罗世和 

白垩纪孢粉地层学 = Late Jurassic and Cretaceous 

palynostratigraphy of the onshore 

Rovuma Basin, Northern Mozambique. ( 英文 ). 

Smelror M; Key R M; Smith R A; Njange F. 

Palynology, 2008, 32(): 63-76 

Late Jurassic and Cretaceous palynomorph 

assemblages were recovered from the Macomia, 

Pemba, and Mifume formations front the 

onshore Rovuma Basin. northern Mozambique. 

These assemblages provide new evidence for 

in Aptian-Albian age for the Macomia Formation 

and the Upper member of Pemba Formation, 

and confirm that these two stratigraphic 

units are coeval and laterally continuous. The 

lower member of the Pemba Formation contains 

Kimmeridgian-Tithonian palynomorphs, 

thus documenting for the first time the existence 

of Upper Jurassic strata north of Nacala 

in the onshore Rovuma Basin. The rich and 

diverse dinoflagellate cyst assemblage recovered 

from the Mifume Formation is of late 

Campanian age. This indicates an early Late 

Cretaceous hiatus between the sandstones of 

Pemba Formation, and the marls of the overlying 

Mifume Formation. The hiatus corresponds 

to a break in sedimentation prior to a 

rapid. global marine transgression, recognised 

in the Rovuma and Mozambique basins, during 

the middle Campanian, associated with the 

onset of Gondwana fragmentation. Earlier, 

Late Jurassic faulting produced local halfgrabens 

filled with continental debris, for example 

the N'Gapa Formation of northern Mozambique. 

2010040101 

苏丹东南部 Melut 盆地上白垩统 - 第三系孢 

粉研究 = Upper Cretaceous to Neogene palynology 

of the Melut Basin, Southeast Sudan. 

( 英文 ). Eisawi A; Schrank E. Palynology, 

2008, 32(): 101-129 

The palynology of the Upper Cretaceous to 

Neogene non-marine succession in the Melut 

Basin, southeast Sudan was investigated. The 

palynomorphsare overwhelmingly of terrestrial 

origin, but rare brackish water dinoflagellate 

cysts and scolecodonts were encountered 

from the Lower Miocene and Oligocene- 

Miocene. Mangrove pollen, which is common 

in coeval West African coastal basins, is rare 

and inconsistent. Examples are Spinizonocolpites 

(Nypa) from the Campanian- 

Maastrichtian to Eocene and Rhizophoraceae 

(Zonocostites romonae) from the Neogene. 

Based on the stratigraphic distribution Of Selected 

pollen and Spores from four exploration 

wells, eight informal palynozones from the 

Campanian to the Neogene are proposed. The 

zones. in stratigraphically ascending order, are 

as follows: Assemblage Zone 1, Campanian 

(lower Melut Formation) Assemblage Zone 11, 

(middle Melut Formation): Assemblage Zone 

III, Maastrichtian (upper Melut Formation) 

Assemblage Zone IV, Palcocene (Yale Formation) 

Assemblage Zone V, Eocene (upper Yale 

and Adar formations); Assemblage Zone VI, 

Oligocene-Early Miocene (Jimidi and lower 

Miadol formations): Assemblage Zone VII, 

Early Miocene (uppermost Miadol and lowermost 

Daga formations)-. and Assemblage 

Zone VIII, Late Miocene-Pliocene (Daga 

Formation). The ages are based on stratigraphic 

positions and a series of first downhole 

appearances of key species Such as Foveotricolpites 

cf. giganteus (Zone I), Auriculiidites 

reticulatus (Zone II), Ariadnaesporites 

spinosus (Zone III), Periretisyncolpites giganteus 

(Zone IV), Retistephanocolpites williamsii 

(Zone V), Cricotriporites camerounensis 

(Zone VI), Peifotricolpites digitatus (Zone 

VII), and Peregrinipollis nigericus (Zone 

VIII). 

2010040102 

南美洲南部槐叶苹属的孢子形态学和超微 

结构分析 = Spore morphology and ultrastructure 

in species of Salvinia from Southern 

South America. ( 英文 ). Gardenal P; Morbelli 

M A; Giudice G E. Palynology, 2008, 32(): 

143-156 

The morphology and ultrastructure of 

megaspores, microspores, and massulae of 

28

Salvinia Seguier 1785 species from Argentina, 

Bolivia, southern Brazil, Chile. Paraguay, and 

Uruguay have been analyzed. The analyses 

were performed using light microscopy, stereo 

microscopy scanning electron microscopy,and 

transmission electron microscopy. The taxa 

studied were Salvinia auriculata Aublet 1775, 

Salvinia biloba Raddi 1825. and Salvinia minima 

Baker 1886. The spores of Salvinia bilobaire 

described and illustrated here for the 

first time. The spores of Salvinia adnata Desvaux 

1827 were not described here because all 

the specimens analyzed had megasporangia 

and microsporangia which had not developed 

or were aborted. The megaspores in all the 

species analyzed are trilete, 224-402 μm in 

polar diameter and 179-378 μm in equatorial 

diameter, with a circular outline and irregular 

margin in polar view, and are ovoid in equatorial 

view. The surface is ridged and perforated 

and the sporoderm in cross section comprises 

a compact two-layered exospore and a thick 

lacunose epispore which is projected proximally. 

The apertural area has unique characteristics 

in each species. The microspores are 

enclosed in spheroidal to elliptical massulae 

145-240 μm in diameter. The individual 

microspores are trilete, regulate, 15-36 μm in 

diameter, and spheroidal. In cross section, the 

exospore is two-layered. Both types of spores 

produced by the species analyzed exhibit little 

interspecific and intraspecific variability. Differences 

in general shape and proximal characteristics 

were found in megaspores at the 

species level. According to these, and previous, 

results Salvinia is a genus with stable palynological 

characteristics, all of them related 

to its adaptation to the aquatic environment. 

2010040103 

阿曼 Gharif 段 ( 二叠纪 ) 中上部的孢粉 = 

Spores and pollen from the Middle and Upper 

Gharif members (Permian) of Oman. ( 英文 ). 

Stephenson M H. Palynology, 2008, 32(): 

183-204 

The late Early to Mid Permian palynomorph 

biozones OSPZ5 and OSPZ6 for the 

Arabian Peninsula sporadically contain diverse 

and well-preserved pollen and spore assemblages. 

These are described here for the 

first time, concentrating oil taxa used in the 

recognition of biozones. Some of these forms 

were previously assigned to informal morphotypes. 

The new spore species Indotriradites 

ater, Indotriradites mundus, Kendosporites 

robustus, and the new pollen species Kingiacolpites 

subsaccatus and Tiwariasporis? 

granulatus are described and illustrated. These 

distinctive palynomorphs may be useful in 

future biostratigraphic Studies. For example. 

the First uphole occurrences of Indotriradites 

mundus and Tiwariasporis? granulatus are 

close to the base of OSPZ6. Indotriradites ater 

and Kingiacolpites subsaccatus have relatively 

narrow ranges within OSPZ5. Hamiapollenites 

dettmannae and Hamiapollenites karrooensis 

are common in the lower part of OSPZ5. 

2010040104 

格林纳达安东尼奥湖的全新世花粉和气候 

= Holocene pollen and climate from Lake Antoine, 

Grenada. ( 英文 ). McAndrews J H; 

Ramcharan E K. Palynology, 2008, 32(): 264- 

264 

2010040105 

一种使用过氧化氢处理孢粉的有效方法 = 

An effective palynological preparation procedure 

using hydrogen peroxide. ( 英文 ). Riding 

J B; Kyffin-Hughes J E; Owens B. Palynology, 

2007, 31(): 19-36 

Most pre-Quaternary palynology samples 

are currently prepared by demineralization of 

the sediment/sedimentary rock matrix using 

hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids (HCl and 

HF respectively). If a consistently effective 

alternative to this procedure can be developed, 

palynological processing will be made significantly 

less hazardous to both laboratory personnel, 

and to the wider environment. Furthermore, 

most non-acid processing methods 

are normally quicker and cheaper than matrix 

dissolution using acid. Some authors have 

previously used hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to 

extract palynomorphs by the physico-chemical 

disaggregation of the clay fraction. However, 

H2O2 is a powerful oxidizing agent and hence 

can potentially destroy sedimentary organic 

material, including palynomorphs. A new 

method using hot H2O2, where exposure of 

the sample material to the H2O2 is minimized, 

has been developed. Crushed sample material 

in a suitable vessel is placed on a hot plate for 

one minute, treated with 15-30% H2O2 for 10 

minutes, then the residue is diluted with cold 

distilled water. Disaggregated sample material 

tends to float, and is decanted into a large vessel 

containing distilled water to further dilute 

the H2O2. If any undisaggregated sample remains, 

the procedure is repeated several times 

if necessary. Relatively indurated sedimentary 

lithotypes normally require several treatments. 

The reason for this stepwise treatment is that 

the organic material is not exposed to H2O2 

29

for sustained periods, thereby reducing the 

possibility of palynomorph damage/degradation 

due to oxidation. When the 

sample matrix has been fully disaggregated, 

the residue can be further processed as appropriate. 

In this study, eight samples of Carboniferous, 

Jurassic, Paleogene, and Quaternary age 

were prepared quantitatively using the new 

H2O2 method. These were all prepared using 

30% H2O2. For comparison, they were also 

prepared quantitatively using HCl/HF and/or 

sodium hexametaphosphate [(NaPO3)(6)]. 

Quantitative preparations allow the concentration 

of palynomorphs extracted to be determined, 

and therefore the effectiveness of the 

techniques used can be compared objectively. 

The palynomorph residues derived from these 

three techniques varied markedly. The H2O2 

method does not consistently disaggregate all 

the sample material, particularly the older and 

more indurated lithotypes. Some evidence of 

oxidation effects was observed. Two samples 

of Mississippian mudstone from the U.S.A. 

were prepared using H2O2 and (NaPO3)(6). 

Both methods produced abundant miospores, 

however the H2O2 procedure yielded far 

higher palynomorph concentrations than the 

(NaPO3)(6) technique. Minor degradation of 

palynomorphs in the H2O2 preparation was 

noted. The H2O2 and HCl/HF methods were 

compared directly on a palynomorph-rich 

sample of Upper Carboniferous mudstone 

from offshore Scotland. Both preparations 

produced abundant miospores. The HCl/HF 

method had significantly higher recovery levels 

than the H2O2 procedure. It appears that 

the H202 method simultaneously macerates 

the matrix, and oxidizes any amorphous organic 

material (AOM) present. In this sample, 

the HCl/HF residue was relatively rich in 

AOM. By contrast, the H202 preparation is 

virtually clear of this phytoclast type, which 

partially obscures palynomorphs. Two samples 

of the Middle Jurassic Grantham Formation 

of eastern England were processed using 

H(2)O(2)and HCl/HF. The two methods produced 

abundant palynofloras of similar palynomorph 

concentrations. Two dinoflagellate 

cyst acmes within the Danian (Paleogene) part 

of the Lopez de Bertodano Formation of Seymour 

Island, Antarctica were also tested using 

H2O2, (NaPO3)(6), and HCl/HF. The H2O2 

preparation completely destroyed the dominant 

taxon, Palaeoperidinium pyrophorum, in 

one sample. By contrast, the (NaPO3)(6) and 

HCl/HF preparations produced abundant, fully 

representative palynofloras. In the other sample, 

the acme of Spinidinium spp. is completely 

unaffected by the H2O2 preparation 

procedure. The final sample of this study is an 

unconsolidated clay of Late Pleistocene age 

from offshore Scotland. Both the H2O2 and 

HCl/HF preparations proved similar in both 

taxonomic content and overall palynomorph 

yield. 

The new method of preparation using hot 

H2O2 has proved to be extremely effective. In 

particular, it appears to be superior to the 

(NaPO3)(6) procedure for indurated lithotypes. 

However care should be taken because H2O2 

can destroy certain dinoflagellate cysts and 

kerogen macerals which are especially susceptible 

to oxidation. Further development work, 

and more comparative testing of the H2O2, 

(NaPO3)(6), and HCl/HF procedures, should 

be undertaken. 

2010040106 

中国南海大洋钻探计划 184 号柱子 1148 号 

点渐新世到中新世早期沟鞭藻囊孢以及环 

境演化 = Dinoflagellate cysts and environmental 

evolution of the Oligocene to Lower 

Miocene at site 1148, ODP Leg 184, South 

China Sea. ( 英文 ). Mao S Z; Li H; Qin X D; 

Wu G X; Harland R. Palynology, 2007, 31(): 

37-52 

The Oligocene to Lower Miocene of Site 

1148, Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 184 

was investigated palynologically to explore 

environmental change within the newly 

formed rifted South China Sea. The basin first 

developed 32.8 Ma ago during an initial rifting 

phase, and before sea floor spreading. Palynomorph 

Assemblage A contains abundant 

coastal and neritic dinoflagellate cysts (for 

example, Lingulodinium and Spiniferites) and 

a small number of oceanic Impagidinium species, 

together with abundant pollen, spores, 

and terrigenous phytoplankton. Offshore 

transportation induced by basement subsidence 

played an important role in the makeup 

of this assemblage. Paleoenvironments during 

the earliest Oligocene include shallow shelf, 

shelf/slope boundary, and mid slope regimes. 

The latter is indicated by the intermittent and 

rare occurrences of Impagidinium. Later, in 

the Early Oligocene to earliest Late Oligocene, 

there was a deepening of the basin with increasing 

influence of lower slope environments, 

indicated by increasing abundances of 

Impagidinium. A barren zone corresponding 

to a period of sea floor spreading during the 

latest Oligocene to the earliest Miocene effec- 

30

tively separates assemblages A and B. The 

Early Miocene environment deepened to a 

lower slope (>1500 m) regime, indicated by 

Assemblage B with consistent Impagidinium. 

This regime was relatively stable with much 

less terrigenous input, indicated by the rare 

occurrence of pollen and spores, and the absence 

of terrigenous phytoplankton. 

2010040107 

尼日利亚东南部阿南布拉盆地古新世的沟 

鞭藻囊孢新种 = New species of dinoflagellate 

cysts from the paleocene of the Anambra 

Basin, southeast Nigeria. ( 英文 ). Antolinez- 

Delgado H; Oboh-Ikuenobe F E. Palynology, 

2007, 31(): 53-62 

Six new species of dinoflagellate cysts and 

one new combination from the Paleocene 

to ?lowermost Eocene succession in the Alo-1 

well, southeast Nigeria, are proposed herein. 

The new species are Achomosphaera quadrata, 

Diphyes bifidum, Ifecysta fusiforma, Ifecysta 

heterospinosa, Palaeocystodinium rafii, and 

Wilsonidium stellatum. Furthermore, Fibrocysta 

lappacea (Drugg 1970) Stover & Evitt 

1978 is transferred to Ifecysta, and the diagnosis 

of Ifecysta is emended. 

2010040108 

阿曼蜂蜜孢粉学研究 = Melissopalynological 

studies from Oman. ( 英文 ). Sajwani A; 

Farooq SA; Patzelt A; Eltayeb E A; Bryant V 

M. Palynology, 2007, 31(): 63-79 

A melissopalynological study of Omani 

honeys was undertaken to determine floral 

sources, and identify pollen types, that would 

indicate the ecological origins. The study 

comprised the analysis of 48 honey samples 

collected during 2001-2003 from 14 locations 

in the Muscat and A1 Batinah regions of 

Oman. The beehives and nests examined were 

either those of Apis florea or Apis mellifera 

bee colonies. A total of 122 pollen types, representing 

50 plant families, were identified. 

Each taxon was categorized as representing a 

major or minor source of nectar and pollen. 

Thirty-two honey samples are unifloral types, 

and the remaining 16 are multifloral. Honey is 

harvested twice a year in Oman, once in the 

summer and again in the winter. The pollen 

data indicate that Ziziphus spina-christi, Prosopis 

juliflora, Prosopis cineraria and constitute 

the chief nectar and pollen sources for 

honeybees in this area during the winter. By 

contrast during the summer, Acacia tortilis, 

Citrus sp., Maerua crassifolia, Phoenix dactylifera, 

Prosopis cineraria, and Prosopis juliflora 

are the more important nectar sources. 

This study has identified a wide range of foraging 

plant sources for honeybees and demonstrates 

adequate potential for expanding and 

sustaining beekeeping in Muscat, and in the 

A1 Batinah region. A modern pollen reference 

collection of 105 local floral species enabled 

the identification of the pollen types. Seventyfour 

pollen types were found in the 48 honey 

samples. The identifications of pollen types 

are based on both light and scanning electron 

microscope (SEM) studies of the pollen in the 

honey and reference samples. 

2010040109 

印度米佐拉姆邦地区发现中新世真菌孢子 

Mediaverrunites = Validation of the Miocene 

fungal spore Mediaverrunites from Mizoram, 

India. ( 英文 ). Nandi B; Sinha A. Palynology, 

2007, 31(): 95-100 

The fungal spore genus Mediaverrunites 

Jarzen & Elsik 1986 from the Miocene of 

Mizoram, northeast India is herein validated. 

It is a monoaperturate fungal amerospore with 

verrucae along the equatorial region that either 

remain free, or merge to form an equatorial 

band. Two new species, Mediaverrunites elsikii 

and Mediaverrunites mulleri, are described; 

the latter is designated as the type. 

Mediaverrunites appears to have a reliable 

range base within the Miocene, and is an index 

for warm tropical paleoclimates. 

2010040110 

不同地方旧鞋中花粉组合的变化 = Changes 

in soil pollen assemblages on footwear worn 

at different sites. ( 英文 ). Riding J B; Rawlins 

B G; Coley K H. Palynology, 2007, 31(): 135- 

151 

The application of palynology to forensic 

investigations relies on the similarity of pollen 

assemblages from forensic items, such as 

footwear, with control samples from a crime 

scene. The pollen from material adhering to 

footwear is likely to reflect some combination 

of pollen from the locations where the 

boots/shoes have been worn most recently. 

This study investigated the changes in pollen 

assemblages on footwear that had been worn 

at different sites. Six rural sites in the East 

Midlands of England, United Kingdom were 

visited wearing pristine boots (i.e. no mixing), 

and boots that were previously worn at other 

localities (i.e. potential mixing). Samples of 

adherent soil from these items of footwear, 

and control samples, were analysed palynologically 

in order to assess the degree and 

31

significance of mixing of the pollen assemblages. 

With the exception of one sample, the 

pollen adherent to footwear or in the soil samples 

from each of the six sites (no mixing) had 

a characteristic signature. This supports the 

general distinctiveness of pollen from individual 

sites, the concept of widespread palynological 

heterogeneity, and the utility of palynology 

in forensic geoscience. 

The data from this study show that when 

mixing occurs from wearing footwear at different 

sites, the pollen/spore content of the 

boots etc. dominantly reflects that of the last 

site. This was evident from a visual examination 

of the raw data, and was confirmed using 

detrended correspondence analysis applied to 

the eleven dominant taxa. These data showed 

clustering of samples based on the last site 

visited. The more abundant the pollen/spores, 

the closer the samples were clustered. The 

clustering was less convincing at localities 

that yielded relatively sparse palynomorphs. 

However, sample material from footwear that 

was potentially contaminated with soil from 

previous localities typically exhibited some 

subtle differences. These were normally slight 

increases in diversity, and small variations in 

certain pollen types. The relative insignificance 

of these differences means that they 

would be difficult to discern consistently and 

quantify. It is thus critical that, in relevant forensic 

investigations, footwear belonging to 

suspects is seized as soon as possible after a 

crime is committed. 

2010040111 

哥伦比亚北部塞雷洪组 ( 上古新统 ) 孢粉 

学 = The palynology of the Cerrejon Formation 

(Upper Paleocene) of Northern Colombia. 

( 英文 ). Jaramillo C A; Pardo-Trujillo A; 

Rueda M; Torres V; Harrington G J; Mora G. 

Palynology, 2007, 31(): 153-189 

A palynological study of the Cerrejon Formation 

was conducted in order to date the 

formation and understand the floristic composition 

and diversity of a Paleocene tropical site. 

The Cerrejon Formation outcrops in the Cerrejon 

Coal Mine, the largest open cast coal mine 

in the world. Two cores (725 m) were provided 

by Carbones del Cerrejon LLC for study. 

Two hundred samples were prepared for palynology, 

and at least 150 palynomorphs were 

counted per sample where possible. Several 

statistical techniques including rarefaction, 

species accumulation curves, detrended correspondence 

analysis, and Anosim were used to 

analyze the floristic composition and diversity 

of the palynofloras. Palynomorph assemblages 

indicate that the age of the Cerrejon Formation 

and the overlying Tabaco Formation is Middle 

to Late Paleocene (ca. 60-58 Ma). Major 

structural repetitions were not found in the 

Cerrejon Formation in the Cerrejon coal mine, 

and there is little floral variation throughout. 

The floral composition, diversity, and lithofacies 

do not change significantly. Lithofacies 

associations and floral composition indicate 

deposition fluctuating from an estuarineinfluenced 

coastal plain at the base to a fluvial-influenced 

coastal plain at the top. There 

are, however, significant differences in the 

composition and diversity of coal and siliciclastic 

samples. Coal palynofloras have fewer 

morphospecies, and a distinct and more homogeneous 

floral assemblage compared to 

assemblages from the intervening sisliciclastic 

strata, suggesting that tropical swampy environments 

supported fewer plant species and 

had a distinct vegetation adapted to permanently 

wet environments. 

2010040112 

还是 Litosphaeridium: 美国加州白垩纪鞭 

鞭藻囊孢两新种 = Litosphaeridium too: Two 

new dinoflagellate cyst species from the Cretaceous 

of California. ( 英文 ). Lucas-Clark J. 

Palynology, 2007, 31(): 205-217 

The 'Middle' Cretaceous of the Northern 

California Coast Ranges has yielded unusually 

well-preserved specimens of Litosphaeridium, 

some of which (Litosphaeridium arundum, 

Litosphaeridium bacar, Litosphaeridium conispinum, 

and Litosphaeridium siphoniphorum 

subsp. glabrum) have been analyzed in detail 

previously. Two other species, which were 

discovered later, are Litosphaeridium adnatum 

sp. nov. and Litosphaeridium gaponoffiae sp. 

nov. Litospheridium adnatum sp. nov. is most 

similar to Litosphaeridium siphoniphorum, but 

has an adnate operculum, sulcal processes, a 

more elongate central body, and less of the 

central body is covered by processes. The 

other, Litosphaeridium gaponoffiae sp. nov., is 

most similar to Litosphaeridium arundum and 

Litospheridium fucosum, but has gobletshaped 

processes, a free operculum, a more 

spherical central body, and its cingular processes 

are not reduced as they are in Litospheridium 

arundum. The two species are from the 

late Albian based on the associated dinoflagellate 

cysts. 

2010040113 

冈瓦那大陆南部密西西比纪孢子生物带 = 

A Mississippian miospore biozone for South- 

32

ern Gondwana. ( 英文 ). Loinaze V P. Palynology, 

2007, 31(): 101-117 

A new biozone for the late Visean miospores 

from the Cortaderas Formation in 

western Argentina is proposed. It is the Reticulatisporites 

magnidictyus- 

Verrucosisporites quasigobbettii (MQ) Interval 

Biozone. The base of the biozone is defined 

by the range bases of Apiculiretusispora 

microseta, Dibolisporites disfacies, Reticulatisporites 

magnidictyus, Rugospora australiensis, 

and Verrucosisporites quasigobbettii. 

The upper limit of the MQ Interval Biozone 

is marked by the appearance of monosaccate 

pollen. Two distinct associations are 

recognized; Association A is characterized by 

the range bases of the diagnostic species, and 

the presence of a group of long-ranging species. 

Association B is characterized by the 

range bases of Anapiculatisporites austrinus, 

Anapiculatisporites kekiktukensis, Apiculatisporis 

variornatus, Crassispora kosankei, 

Cristatisporites menendezii, Kraeuselisporites 

tendatus, Kraeuselisporites volkheimerii, Raistrickia 

paganciana, Raistrickia rotunda, and 

Spinozonotriletes hirsutus, and is represented 

in the upper part of the Cortaderas Formation. 

2010040114 

从植物标本室采集孢粉 = Collecting pollen 

and spore samples from herbaria. ( 英文 ). Jarzen 

D M; Jarzen S A. Palynology, 2006, 30(): 

111-119 

A properly documented pollen and spore 

reference collection is a valuable tool in systematic/taxonomic 

studies, paleoenvironmental 

reconstruction, forensic palynology, archaeology, 

aerobiology and other areas of research. 

The collection of pollen or spore samples 

is best made from vouchered herbarium 

specimens that have been identified by trained 

systematists. The collection procedure, although 

simple, requires careful attention to 

each specimen so that the material collected 

contains mature pollen or spores, that the relevant, 

associated data are recorded and that the 

herbarium specimen is not damaged during 

the collection procedure. 

2010040115 

古新世 Momipites-Caryapollenites 相关花 

粉的新模式标本 = Neotypes for Paleocene 

species in the Momipites-Caryapollenites pollen 

lineage. ( 英文 ). Nichols D J; Ott H L. Palynology, 

2006, 30(): 33-41 

Neotypes are designated herein for certain 

Paleocene species of juglandaceous pollen that 

were originally described in 1978. The microscope 

slides bearing the holotypes have been 

lost, eliminating the possibility of designating 

lectotypes and necessitating, instead, the designation 

of neotype specimens to stabilize the 

nomenclature of the species, which are biostratigraphically 

significant. The species for 

which neotypes are designated are Momipites 

wyomingensis, Momipites waltmanensis, Momipites 

ventifluminis, Momipites actinus, Momipites 

anellus, Momipites leffingwellii, 

Caryapollenites prodromus, Caryapollenites 

imparalis, Caryapollenites inelegans, and 

Caryapollenites wodehousei. 

2010040116 

对非酸孢粉处理过程的深入测试 = Further 

testing of a non-acid palynological preparation 

procedure. ( 英文 ). Riding J B; Kyffin-Hughes 

J E. Palynology, 2006, 30(): 69-87 

The extraction of palynomorphs from sedimentary 

rocks and unconsolidated sediments 

has traditionally used hydrochloric acid (HCl) 

and hydrofluoric acid (HF) to remove the matrix 

by dissolution. The use of these, and other, 

acids in palynological preparation requires 

significant laboratory infrastructure, and may 

produce hazardous and potentially environmentally 

damaging waste. An effective technique 

of palynomorph preparation using sodium 

hexametaphosphate [(NaPO3)(6)] was 

recently developed. This technique was initially 

demonstrated on a suite of samples of 

Early Jurassic to Quaternary age. In this study, 

non-acid preparation techniques were tested 

on 11 samples of Ordovician, Carboniferous, 

Jurassic and Paleogene age from the UK. In 

four of the six case studies described herein, 

the rock was prepared quantitatively using 

both the traditional mineral acid technique and 

the (NaPO3)(6) procedure. In the Carboniferous 

case study, the two samples were prepared 

quantitatively using HCl/HF, (NaPO3)(6), and 

hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In the quantitative 

preparations, the concentrations of palynomorphs 

can be directly compared. Two nonquantitative 

case studies were undertaken using 

(NaPO3)(6) only, in order to demonstrate 

that this method is of practical utility. 

The (NaPO3)(6) and H2O2 methods generally 

proved to be as effective as the mineral 

acid procedure. However the results from the 

three Paleozoic samples proved somewhat 

variable. The Early Ordovician sample 1 did 

not break down in (NaPO3)(6), and consequently 

the palynomorph yield from this sample 

was extremely poor, compared to the acid 

33

preparation. Two Lower Carboniferous samples 

were prepared using all three methods. In 

sample 2, all the methods were effective, although 

the H2O2 technique proved less effective 

than those using mineral acids and 

(NaPO3)(6). In this sample, both the non-acid 

methods produced palynomorph assemblages 

cleaner of extraneous woody material than the 

residue produced by the acid digestion method. 

By contrast, in Carboniferous sample 3, the 

acid preparation was far better than those from 

the two non-acid preparations. It appears that 

mudrocks which are relatively indurated are 

not consistently disaggregated using 

(NaPO3)(6) and/or (HO2)-O-2. It may be possible 

to adapt these non-acid techniques so 

that they are more efficient on these relatively 

hard lithotypes. The samples would need to be 

softened prior to treatment with (NaPO3)(6) 

and/or H2O2,. Even on relatively hard lithotypes, 

some palynomorphs were extracted using 

(NaPO3)(6) and H2O2. This confirms that 

non-acid methods can be used on harder rocks 

if a preliminary age assessment is required 

and/or the full laboratory facilities are unavailable. 

The (NaPO3)(6) technique proved extremely 

effective in the two quantitative Jurassic 

case studies. These were on the Oxford 

Clay and Kimmeridge Clay formations (Callovian-Oxfordian 

and Kimmeridgian respectively). 

In samples 4, 6 and 7, both methods 

gave similar palynomorph yields. However in 

sample 5 from the Oxford Clay Formation, the 

acid preparation proved less palynologically 

productive than the material prepared using 

(NaPO3)(6). Palynomorph diversity was also 

higher in Oxford Clay Formation samples 4 

and 5, prepared with (NaPO3)(6). In samples 

6 and 7 from the Kimmeridge Clay Formation, 

the palynomorph diversity, preservation and 

yield were closely comparable. However, the 

HCl/HF preparations proved extremely rich in 

amorphous organic material as compared to 

the (NaPO3)(6) slides. It therefore appears 

that (NaPO3)(6) is effective at disaggregating 

amorphorgen in addition to clay minerals. 

This means that this reagent may be used as an 

alternative to nitric acid (HNO3) and other 

strong oxidizing agents for cleaning organic 

residues of amorphous organic material. More 

studies should be done using (NaPO3)6 to 

prove its effectiveness in dispersing amorphogen. 

The two non-quantitative case studies 

prepared only using (NaPO3)(6) were also 

successful. Three samples (8-10) of Early, 

Mid and Late Jurassic age and sample 11 of 

Paleogene age all produced abundant, wellpreserved 

and diverse palynofloras. This indicates 

that the (NaPO3)(6) procedure can prepare 

palynomorph assemblages from Mesozoic 

and Cenozoic mudrocks as effectively as 

the HCl/HF procedure. 

2010040117 

印度拉治马哈盆地 Dubrajpur 组 ( 早三叠 

世到早白垩世 ) 的孢粉地层学研究 = Palynostratigraphy 

of the Dubrajpur Formation 

(Early Triassic to Early Cretaceous) of the 

Rajmahal Basin, India. ( 英文 ). Tripathi A; 

Ray A. Palynology, 2006, 30(): 133-149 

A comprehensive review of the lithology, 

megafloras and palynology of the Dubrajpur 

Formation of the Rajmahal Basin, eastern India 

indicates that this important unit comprises 

strata of Early and Late Triassic, late Early to 

early Mid Jurassic and latest Jurassic to Early 

Cretaceous age. The age range of the Dubrajpur 

Formation is concluded to be Early Triassic 

(Induan) to Early Cretaceous (Berriasian- 

Hauterivian) based on palynological evidence. 

It is hence a profoundly diachronous succession. 

2010040118 

英国苏格兰法夫郡东海岸密西西比纪孢粉 

地层学的重新评估 = Reappraisal of the Mississippian 

palynostratigraphy of the East Fife 

coast, Scotland, United Kingdom. ( 英文 ). 

Owens B; McLean D; Simpson KRM; Shell 

PMJ; Robinson R. Palynology, 2005, 29(): 23- 

47 

Palynomorph assemblages from an extended 

succession of Mississippian (Visean) 

sediments ranging in age from probable late 

Arundian to the latest Brigantian exposed on 

the East Fife coast of Scotland, United Kingdom 

have been investigated. The stratigraphical 

distribution of miospores closely reflects 

that established elsewhere in central and 

southern Scotland. The occurrence of certain 

stratigraphically significant miospore taxa 

permits the assignment of chronostratigraphic 

ages to locally defined lithostratigraphic units. 

The latest Asbian to Brigantian (VF miospore 

Biozone) age of the upper part of the Sandy 

Craig, Pathhead and Lower Limestone formations 

is confirmed. The Pittenweem Formation 

and remainder of the Sandy Craig Formation 

are both assigned to the NM miospore Biozone 

of Asbian age and the Anstruther Formation 

is assigned a late Arundian or Holkerian 

(TC miospore Biozone) age. The Fife Ness 

Formation, originally assigned to the early 

34

Asbian and considered older than the Anstruther 

Formation, yielded evidence of both 

the uppermost part of the TC and lower NM 

miospore biozones and is suggested to be a 

member of the Pittenweem Formation. 

2010040119 

阿拉斯加州南海岸晚中新世温暖气候和罗 

汉松科花粉的出现 = Warm climate in the 

Late Miocene of the south coast of Alaska and 

the occurrence of podocarpaceae pollen. ( 英 

文 ). Reinink-Smith L M; Leopold E B. Palynology, 

2005, 29(): 205-262 

A study of the Homerian type section in the 

upper Beluga Formation (Upper Miocene) of 

the Kenai Group of southern Alaska has 

yielded two surprising discoveries: (1) 

warmth-loving taxa and (2) the presence in 

Alaska of a 'new' gymnosperm family, Podocarpaceae. 

A well-preserved pollen and spore 

flora is present in Upper Miocene coal beds of 

the Kenai lowland, near Homer, Alaska. 

Stump horizons, abundant wood fragments, 

wood grain, and amber within the coal attest 

to a forested swamp. Pollen assemblages from 

the Homerian type section include elements of 

both Mixed Northern Hardwood and warmtemperate 

Mesophytic forests and are far 

richer than the flora previously defining the 

Homerian type section, which had suggested a 

less diverse, cooler assemblage. Within the 

Homerian type section, the flora exhibits no 

definite taxonomic chronology; in general, 

Alnus dominates, with up to 45% of the total 

counts, followed by Pinaceae and Taxodiaceae 

pollen types (30 to 35 %) and thermophiles (c. 

14%). At least 36 genera are represented, including 

Carya type, Corylus, Juglans, Myrica, 

Ostrya/Carpinus, Pterocarya, Quercus/Quercus-type, 

and Ulmus/Zelkova, eight 

dicot genera have not previously been reported 

from the type Homerian. Presence of 

these hardwoods in moderate to minor 

amounts suggests that the climate during the 

Homerian (Late Miocene) was only slightly 

cooler than that of the Seldovian (Early to 

Middle Miocene). 

2010040120 

阿根廷门多萨前科迪耶拉二叠纪孢粉植物 

群 : 地层意义 = Permian palynofloras in the 

Precordillera of Mendoza: stratigraphic implications. 

( 其他 ). Loinaze V P; Ciccioli P L; 

Limarino C O; Cesari S N. Ameghiniana: Revista 

de la asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 

2010, 47(2): 263-269 

2010040121 

一个小的地中海临时水池 ( 摩洛哥西部 ) 中的 

现代花粉和植物间的关系 = Modern pollenvegetation 

relationships within a small Mediterranean 

temporary pool (western Morocco). 

( 英文 ). Amami B; Muller S D; Rhazi L; Grillas 

P; Rhazi M; Bouahim S. Review of Palaeobotany 

and Palynology, 2010, 162(2): 

213-225 8 图版 . 

Morocco is rich in temporary pools which 

harbour numerous rare plant species. Longterm 

conservation of such threatened plant 

communities should be based on the understanding 

of their past dynamics. Despite conditions 

unfavourable to pollen preservation, 

surface sediments of acidic temporary pools 

are shown to contain pollen assemblages 

likely to allow vegetation reconstruction. 

Knowledge of the modern relationships between 

pollen and vegetation is, however, necessary 

for interpreting fossil data in terms of 

past vegetation. Surface pollen assemblages 

and floristic surveys of a temporary pool in 

Benslimane forest, western Morocco, are 

compared in order to evaluate the pollen record 

of the local hydrophytic vegetation. Floristic 

surveys were carried out for 12 years 

(1996-2008) along two crossing permanent 

transects. A set of 21 surface-sediment samples, 

taken along the same transects in 2007, 

were analysed for pollen. The spatial relationships 

between vegetation and pollen assemblages 

are explored by means of multivariate 

analyses, statistical tests and linear regressions. 

2010040122 

阿尔卑斯山捕虫堇属植物 (Pinguicula 

L., 狸藻科 ) 的花粉形态学 = Pollen morphology 

of alpine butterworts (Pinguicula L., 

Lentibulariaceae). ( 英文 ). Rodondi G; Beretta 

M; Andreis C. Review of Palaeobotany and 

Palynology, 2010, 162(1): 1-10 6 图版 . 

The pollen morphology of Pinguicula 

alpina, P. arvetii, P. grandiflora subsp. grandiflora, 

P. grandiflora subsp. rosea, P. hirtiflora, 

P. leptoceras, P. poldinii, P. reichenbachiana, 

and P. vulgaris, belonging to the Alpine 

flora, was studied. 

The pollen grains, coming from different 

populations, were investigated using light microscopy 

and scanning electron microscopy. 

The pollen size, the shape (PIE ratio), the 

number of colpori and the exine ornamentation 

are, for Pinguicula, important diagnostic 

characters. 

35

Pinguicula pollen grains are medium sized 

(similar to 30 mu m), trinucleate, isopolar, 

radially symmetric. The shape of the grains is 

variable from oblate spheroidal to prolate 

spheroidal and they are (4)-5-9-(10)- 

zonocolporate. The prevalent ornamentation is 

rugulate-microreticulate, P. alpina has a rugulate-reticulate 

ornamentation and only P. hirtiflora 

has a perforate ornamentation. 

A pollen key, based on micromorphological 

data, is presented. 

2010040123 

花粉氧化一个新的埋藏学实验及其它对考 

古孢粉学的意义 = A neotaphonomic experiment 

in pollen oxidation and its implications 

for archaeopalynology. ( 英文 ). Lebreton V; 

Messager E; Marquer L; Renault-Miskovsky J. 

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 

2010, 162(1): 29-38 6 图版 . 

Oxidation is considered to be a major taphonomic 

process involved in differential pollen 

preservation. An experimental protocol 

has been developed in the laboratory to test 

the impact of oxidation on pollen concentrations. 

Seven modem pollen taxa were selected 

among common trees, shrubs and herbaceous 

plants from the European flora, with regard to 

their typical pollen morphology (Pinus, Alnus, 

deciduous Quercus, Cichorioideae, Caryophyllaceae, 

Ericaceae and Poaceae). An aqueous 

solution of potassium permanganate 

(KMnO4) was used to oxidise the pollen 

grains. The impact of oxidation was measured 

as a function of increasing oxidation intensity 

and increasing exposure time. For each taxon, 

the pollen concentration (grains mu l(-1)) was 

measured following each oxidation stage. The 

results show that all pollen taxa are affected 

by oxidation. Both low oxidant concentrations 

and short oxidation exposure times led to a 

fast decrease in pollen concentrations. The 

thickness of the exine and a specific morphology 

appear to be the deciding factors controlling 

the ability to withstand oxidation. A 

simulation of the impact of oxidation was performed 

on two model pollen spectra simulating 

a forested and an open environment. Significant 

differences were recorded between the 

initial and final pollen rates. The AP/NAP ratio 

is modified to a greater extent in the spectrum 

associated with the open environment. 

However, over-representation of a specific 

taxon in a pollen spectrum cannot be attributed 

to the impact of oxidation alone. For instance, 

when Cichorioideae are recorded with 

high frequencies in pollen analyses carried out 

in an archaeological context, oxidation should 

not be regarded as the only taphonomic process 

responsible for this over-representation. 

The differential conservation of pollen is a 

complex process in which oxidation represents 

but one of a variety of interacting taphonomic 

factors (such as pollen transport, bacterial activity, 

temperature, pH, hygrometry). 

2010040124 

早白垩世低纬度被子植物花粉序列 ( 巴西 

东北部 Araripe 盆地 ) = Early Cretaceous 

angiosperm pollen from a low-latitude succession 

(Araripe Basin, NE Brazil). ( 英文 ). 

Heimhofer U; Hochuli P A. Review of Palaeobotany 

and Palynology, 2010, 161(3-4): 

105-126 11 图版 . 

The radiation of flowering plants during the 

Cretaceous represents a marked evolutionary 

turnover from gymnosperm- to angiospermdominated 

ecosystems within a time span of 

about 30 Ma. Despite the importance of this 

profound ecological transformation, many aspects 

regarding the timing, floral composition 

and spatial distribution of early angiosperms 

are poorly documented. Here, we present a 

record of early angiosperm pollen from the 

Brazilian Araripe Basin from the late Aptian 

to early Albian time interval. For this study, 

17 samples from 5 sedimentary sections, 

spanning a total of similar to 150 m, have 

been investigated for their palynological content 

with particular attention on the occurrence 

of angiosperm pollen. Our results show a relatively 

high angiosperm pollen diversity of 70 

different taxa, including numerous undescribed 

forms. Across the succession, angiosperm 

pollen accounts on average for 7% of 

the total palynoflora, with maximum abundances 

reaching 18%. Dominant taxa include 

monocolpate pollen of "magnoliid" or monocotyledon 

origin (e.g. Stellatopollis, Retimonocolpites, 

Pennipollis, Dichastopollenites, 

and Trisectoris) as well as pollen with eudicotyledon 

affinities (e.g. triaperturate forms 

like Rousea. Tricolpites, and Striatopollis). 

Judging from the existing evidence it appears 

that the diversity of the late Aptian-early Albian 

angiosperm palynoflora from the Araripe 

Basin has been underestimated. In addition, 

the composition of the total palynoflora shows 

congruent shifts in the abundance of hygrophilic 

ferns, Afropollis spp. and angiosperm 

pollen. The co-occurrence of moistureloving 

ferns and early angiosperm pollen may 

support the hypothesis that early angiosperms 

36

evolved and diversified in moist and shady 

disturbed habitats near the palaeoequator. 

2010040125 

花粉保存带是全新世孢粉学的解释工具 = 

Pollen preservation zones as an interpretative 

tool in Holocene palynology. ( 英文 ). Tweddle 

J C; Edwards K J. Review of Palaeobotany 

and Palynology, 2010, 161(1-2): 59-76 7 图版 . 

Numerous taphonomic and statistical factors 

influence the composition of the palynological 

record and the interpretation of pollen 

count data is far from simple. Quantification 

of the condition in which the pollen has 

been preserved can increase the confidence of 

such interpretation by highlighting parts of the 

record that are likely to have been influenced 

by changing taphonomy. Despite the benefits, 

preservation analysis is a relatively under-used 

technique and there remain a lack of observational 

data from a wide range of geographical 

locations and depositional contexts. This paper 

presents the results of detailed pollen preservation 

analyses completed for four in-filled 

basins from Holderness, lowland eastern England. 

We examine the Holocene pollen records 

in detail and employ what we believe to be a 

novel methodology the definition and assignment 

of Local Pollen Preservation Zones to 

help assess patterns of pollen deterioration, 

both within and between sites. The data obtained 

are used to consider a range of topics, 

including the evidence for local and regional 

influences on pollen deterioration frequency, 

relationships between preservation and broadscale 

aspects of the depositional environment, 

and the origins of occasional incidences of 

pollen from major arboreal taxa. Evidence for 

two different forms of perforation corrosion is 

also discussed. The outcomes of this study are 

of relevance to palynological investigations 

over a range of timescales, not just the Holocene, 

and we hope that this contribution will 

stimulate further consideration of the role that 

pollen preservation analysis can contribute to 

palynology as a discipline. (C) 2010 Elsevier 

B.V. All rights reserved. 

2010040126 

沙莓科花粉形态学、超微结构和埋藏学 , 

以 Neurada procumbens L. 和 Grielum humifusum 

E.Mey.( 以前是 Harv. et Sond.) 

为例 = Pollen morphology, ultrastructure and 

taphonomy of the Neuradaceae with special 

reference to Neurada procumbens L. and Grielum 

humifusum E.Mey. ex Harv. et Sond.. ( 英 

文 ). Polevova S; Tekleva M; Neumann F H; 

Scott L; Stager J C. Review of Palaeobotany 

and Palynology, 2010, 160(3-4): 163-171 3 图 

版 . 

Pollen morphology and sporoderm ultrastructure 

of modern Neurada procumbens L 

and Grielum humifusum E.Mey. ex Harv. et 

Sond. were studied using light (LM) and electron 

(SEM and TEM) microscopy. Additionally 

late Holocene pollen of the Grielum-type 

was studied using LM. Systematic and ecological 

aspects have been discussed for the 

family Neuradaceae. The pollen grains of the 

studied species are characterized by similarities 

in size, shape, aperture type and differences 

in exine sculpture (reticulate semitectate 

exine in Neurada and finely reticulate to foveolate 

in Grielum) and sporoderm ultrastructure. 

The cavea in the exine is situated between 

the ectexine and endexine which are 

connected near the aperture region only. A 

combination of the palynological characters of 

the Neuradaceae (semitectate exine, rather 

loose columellae, interrupted foot layer, the 

cavea in the exine) increases the pollen plasticity, 

allowing considerable changes of the 

pollen grain volume but still remains insufficient 

to survive sharp fluctuations in hydration 

level. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

2010040127 

评估西藏花粉属对现生植物和气候的指示 

意义 = Evaluating the indicator value of Tibetan 

pollen taxa for modern vegetation and 

climate. ( 英文 ). Herzschuh U; Birks HJB. Review 

of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010, 

160(3-4): 197-208 5 图版 . 

Pollen taxa of known indicator value are of 

great potential in the qualitative interpretation 

of pollen diagrams. Here we apply several 

numerical approaches to a lake-sediment 

based pollen data-set from the eastern and 

central Tibetan Plateau (112 samples) to assess 

the indicator value of Tibetan pollen taxa 

for modem vegetation types and for modern 

climate. Results from Multi-Response Permutation 

Procedures indicate that the differences 

between groups of pollen spectra originating 

from the same vegetation type (temperate desert, 

temperate steppe, alpine desert, alpine 

steppe, high-alpine meadow, subalpine shrub, 

and patchy forest) are statistically significant. 

Indicator Species Analyses identify several 

indicator taxa for most vegetation types. Multivariate 

regression tree analysis indicates that 

37

about 390 mm of annual precipitation is the 

most critical threshold for the modern pollen 

spectra. This roughly separates desert and 

steppe vegetation from high-alpine meadow, 

subalpine shrub, and patchy forest vegetation. 

A strong pollen-climate relationship on the 

Tibetan Plateau is confirmed by the large 

number of statistically significant pollen taxaclimate 

(annual precipitation or/and annual 

temperature) relationships as evaluated by statistical 

response-modelling, involving generalised 

linear models. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All 

rights reserved. 

2010040128 

使用中国北部和西部干旱地区的现代花粉 

气候资料来进行以孢粉学为基础的气候重 

建的潜力 = A potential of pollen-based climate 

reconstruction using a modern pollenclimate 

dataset from arid northern and western 

China. ( 英文 ). Luo C X; Zheng ZO; Tarasov 

P; Nakagawa T; Pan A D; Xu Q H; Lu H Y; 

Huang K Y. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 

2010, 160(3-4): 111-125 9 图版 . 

To improve the interpretation of fossil pollen 

records, we analyzed the relationships between 

modern pollen taxa and climate data 

and established a pollen-climate calibration 

using the northern and western Chinese modem 

pollen dataset to demonstrate its potential 

for the reconstruction of past climate dynamics 

in the semi-arid and arid regions of China. 

Analysis of pollen and climate data involved 

Pearson's correlation ceofficient and other 

transfer functions, as well as the "best modem 

analogues" method. We also applied a technique 

for error estimation to calibrate reconstructed 

values into a probability distribution 

and a confidence interval for the observed 

values. The percentage representations of 24 

pollen taxa in 546 surface pollen samples collected 

in northern and western China were 

correlated with modern climate characteristics. 

The relationships between individual pollen 

types and climate were appraised over a large 

spatial scale in the study area. Of investigated 

taxa, 41.7% had linear, 45.8% had unimodal 

(orthogonal polynomial), and 12.5% had 

monotonic (Log) distribution in response to 

annual precipitation. Both taxa and plant functional 

types (PFTs) provided similar results 

using the best modern analogues method for 

modern pollen and climate data at the 546 

sites in northern and western China. Precipitation 

reconstructions were more accurate than 

climate reconstructions of any thermal parameters, 

suggesting that available moisture 

was the most important factor controlling 

plant distribution in the primarily semi-arid to 

arid study region. Climate reconstruction performed 

using the modern analogues technique 

for 112 taxa was not significantly better than 

reconstruction with only 37 selected taxa. 

Climate reconstruction based on PFTs was 

more accurate when using only the main pollen 

taxa than when using most of the taxa. Our 

test of the best modern analogues method with 

the northern and western Chinese surface pollen 

dataset demonstrated its reliability for reconstructing 

modern climate variables. (C) 

2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 

2010040129 

评估欧洲第三纪若干残余属的绝对花粉产 

量 = Estimating absolute pollen productivity 

for some European Tertiary-relict taxa. ( 英文 ). 

Filipova-Marinova M V; Kvavadze E V; Connor 

S E; Sjogren P. Vegetation History and 

Archaeobotany, 2010, 19(4Sp. Iss. SI): 351- 

364 4 图版 . 

Tertiary-relict plants are survivors from the 

pre-Quaternary periods. Today, most European 

Tertiary relicts are confined to small, 

isolated stands distributed in the Mediterranean 

and Black Sea regions. In the past, however, 

the fossil record indicates that these species 

were probably distributed over large parts 

of the European continent and may have been 

important constituents of the vegetation. Little 

is known about their pollen representation, 

which limits our ability to reconstruct this past 

vegetation with any accuracy. This paper 

draws on the results of pollen trapping experiments 

in Bulgaria and Georgia, where relict 

stands of Aesculus hippocastanum, Cercis 

siliquastrum, Fagus orientalis, Juglans regia 

and Pterocarya fraxinifolia are still in existence. 

We compared average pollen accumulation 

rates (PAR) to vegetation data from 

around the trapping locations to derive estimates 

of absolute pollen productivity using 

various pollen dispersal functions. Composite 

dispersal functions that model pollen components 

carried above the vegetation canopy and 

falling as rain provided better relationships 

between PAR and plant abundance than functions 

that consider only a single component or 

the 'trunk-space' component carried under the 

canopy. A composite dispersal function with a 

simple model for regional pollen and the best 

overall correlation statistics gave the following 

estimates of absolute pollen productivity 

(grains cm(-2) yr(-1) with 1 SE intervals): 

Carpinus betulus 19,000-28,700; Fagus orien- 

38

talis 15,600-20,400; Juglans regia 27,200- 

36,200; Pterocarya fraxinifolia 182,000- 

192,600; Quercus spp. 21,700-24,800; Tilia 

begoniifolia 51,600-68,300; and T. tomentosa 

14,700-18,200. These estimates were applied 

to fossil data from the Black Sea coast to reconstruct 

palaeovegetation using absolute and 

relative methods. 

2010040130 

欧洲孢粉学数据库 : 过去的努力和现在的 

活跃 = The European Pollen Database: past 

efforts and current activities. ( 英文 ). Fyfe R 

M; de Beaulieu J L; Binney H; Bradshaw 

RHW; Brewer S; Le Flao A; Finsinger W ; 

Gaillard M J; Giesecke T; Gil-Romera G; 

Grimm E C; Huntley B; Kunes P; Kuhl N; 

Leydet M ; Lotter A F; Tarasov P E; Tonkov 

S. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2009, 18(5): 417-424 4 图版 . 

Pollen stratigraphies are the most spatially 

extensive data available for the reconstruction 

of past land-cover change. Detailed knowledge 

of past land-cover is becoming increasingly 

important to evaluate the present trends 

in, and drivers of, vegetation composition. The 

European Pollen Database (EPD) was established 

in the late 1980s and developed in the 

early 1990s to provide a structure for archiving, 

exchanging, and analysing Quaternary 

pollen data from Europe. It provides a forum 

for scientists to meet and engage in collaborative 

investigations or data analysis. In May 

2007 several EPD support groups were developed 

to assist in the task of maintaining and 

updating the database. The mapping and data 

accuracy work group (MADCAP) aims to 

produce an atlas of past plant distributions as 

detected by pollen analyses in Europe, in order 

to meet the growing need for this data 

from palaeoecologists and the wider scientific 

community. Due to data handling problems in 

the past, a significant number of EPD datasets 

have errors. The initial task of the work group, 

therefore, was a systematic review of pollen 

sequences, in order to identify and correct errors. 

The EPD currently (January 2009) archives 

1,032 pollen sequences, of which 668 

have age-depth models that allow chronological 

comparison. Many errors have been identified 

and corrected, or flagged for users, most 

notably errors in the pollen count data. The 

application of spatial analyses to pollen data is 

related to the number of data points that are 

available for analysis. We therefore take this 

opportunity to encourage the submission of 

pollen analytical results to the EPD or other 

relevant pollen databases. Only in this way 

will the scientific community be able to gain a 

better understanding of past vegetation dynamics. 

2010040131 

青铜时代中 - 晚期冰岛的土地使用形式和文 

化变化 : 花粉记录证据 = Land-use patterns 

and cultural change in the Middle to Late 

Bronze Age in Ireland: inferences from pollen 

records. ( 英文 ). Plunkett G. Vegetation History 

and Archaeobotany, 2009, 18(4): 273- 

295 9 图版 . 

In Ireland, the Middle to Late Bronze Age 

(1500-600 cal b.c.) is characterised by alternating 

phases of prolific metalwork production 

(the Bishopsland and Dowris Phases) and 

apparent recessions (the Roscommon Phase 

and the Late Bronze Age-Iron Age transition). 

In this paper, these changes in material culture 

are placed in a socio-economic context by examining 

contemporary settlement and landuse 

patterns reconstructed from the pollen record. 

The vegetation histories of six tephrochronologically 

linked sites are presented, 

which provide high-resolution and chronologically 

well-resolved insights into changes 

in landscape use over the Middle to Late 

Bronze Age. The records are compared with 

published pollen records in an attempt to discern 

if there are trends in woodland clearance 

and abandonment from which changes in settlement 

patterns can be inferred. The results 

suggest that prolific metalworking industries 

correlate chronologically with expansion of 

farming activity, which indicates that they 

were supported by a productive subsistence 

economy. Conversely, declines in metalwork 

production occur during periods when farming 

activity was generally less extensive and perhaps 

more centralised, and it is proposed that 

disparate socio-economic or political factors, 

rather than a collapse of the subsistence economy, 

lie behind the demise of metalworking 

industries. 

2010040132 

西藏高原东北部柴达木盆地以及周边山区 

植被的现代花粉代表 = Modern pollen representation 

of source vegetation in the Qaidam 

Basin and surrounding mountains, northeastern 

Tibetan Plateau. ( 英文 ). Zhao Y; 

Herzschuh U. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2009, 18(3): 245-260 8 图版 . 

We use a data set of 35 surface pollen samples 

from lake sediments, moss polsters and 

39

top soils on the north-eastern Tibetan Plateau 

to explore the relationship between modern 

pollen assemblages and contemporary vegetation 

patterns. The surface pollen transect 

spanned four vegetation zones--alpine 

meadow, steppe, steppe desert and desert-- 

under different climatic/elevational conditions. 

Relative representation (R (rel)) values and 

Principal Components Analysis (PCA) were 

used to determine the relationships between 

modern pollen and vegetation and regional 

climate gradients. The results show that the 

main vegetation zones along the regional and 

elevational transects can be distinguished by 

their modern pollen spectra. Relative to 

Poaceae, a high representation of Artemisia, 

Nitraria and Chenopodiaceae was found, 

while Cyperaceae and Gentiana showed values 

in the middle range, and Ranunculaceae, 

Asteraceae, Ephedra and Fabaceae had low 

relative representation values. PCA results 

indicate a high correlation between the biogeoclimatic 

zones and annual precipitation 

and annual temperature and July temperature. 

The Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae ratio and the 

Artemisia/Cyperaceae ratio are useful tools for 

qualitative and semi-quantitative palaeoenvironmental 

reconstruction on the north-eastern 

Tibetan Plateau. Surface lake sediments are 

found to have different palynomorph spectra 

from moss cushion and soil samples, reflecting 

the larger pollen source area in the contemporary 

vegetation for lakes. 

2010040133 

加拿大干岛地区上白垩统孢粉地层研究 = 

Upper Cretaceous palynostratigraphy of the 

Dry Island area. ( 英文 ). Koppelhus E B; Braman 

D R. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2010, 47(9): 1145–1158 

The overall palynology of the upper Horseshoe 

Canyon Formation to lower Scollard 

Formation within the Edmonton Group is reviewed 

providing new insights into biostratigraphic 

relationships for the interval, including 

the recognition of unconformities in the 

stratigraphic package. The palynomorph recovery 

from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation 

and overlying units documents a number of 

significant events that allow the subdivision of 

the section. The Albertosaurus bonebed occurs 

within the lower Maastrichtian portion of 

the Edmonton Group. The bonebed is situated 

just below the base of the Scollardia trapaformis 

Palynomorph Zone, an important 

marker assemblage that has been documented 

from areas of the Yukon, Northwest Territories, 

Alberta, and Saskatchewan. This indicates 

that the bonebed lies at the top of the 

Mancicorpus vancampoi Zone. The transition 

between the zones is marked by a colour 

change in the sediments, the appearance of 

coals and organic-rich sediments above the 

transition, a decrease in numbers of vertebrate 

fossils, and the appearance of new pollen species. 

It is inferred that the observed changes 

reflect a climatic switch from dry to wetter 

conditions. At a large scale, palynomorph assemblages 

across this transition do not clearly 

indicate marked differences that can be attributed 

to the climatic change, with the exception 

of the appearance of Scollardia trapaformis 

and Mancicorpus gibbus in the assemblages. 

On a microscale of a few metres, there are 

changes in relative abundance of plant groups. 

2010040134 

美国伊利诺伊州下志留统 Wilhelmi 组的 

Melanosclerites = Melanosclerites from the 

Wilhelmi Formation (Lower Silurian, northeastern 

Illinois, USA). ( 英文 ). Trampisch C; 

Butcher A. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(2): 249-257 

Melanoscletrites, a little-known group of 

organic microfossils, are recorded for the first 

time from the Lower Silurian Wilhelmi Formation, 

Illinois, USA. The taxa described 

herein include Melanorhachis regularis, 

Melanoarbustum balticum, Melanocyathus 

dentatus, Eichbaumia incus?, Menola os and 

Melanoporella clava. 

2010040135 

波兰下侏罗统陆缘沉积的孢粉相 : 沉积环 

境的解释手段 = Palynofacies in Lower Jurassic 

epicontinental deposits of Poland: tool 

to interpret sedimentary environments. ( 英文 ). 

Pienkowski G; Waksmundzka M. Episodes, 

2009, 32(1): 21-32 

Diversified continental, marginal-marine 

and marine epicontinental deposits in Poland 

of Early Jurassic age yielded unusually rich 

palynomacerals. Numerous parameters, such 

as the presence of acritarchs and dinofiagellate 

cysts, spore/bisaccate pollen grain ratio, content 

of terrestrial phytoclasts, degree of oxidation, 

presence of tetrads and sporangia, degree 

of palynomorph alteration, presence and character 

of amorphous organic matter, presence 

of epibionts on palynomorphs, were collectively 

found as indicative of certain palynofacies. 

The ratio of spores and bisaccate pollen 

grains significantly depends on the climatic 

conditions where also seasonal changes may 

40

influence the local characteristics of palynofacies. 

However, the ratio also strongly reflects 

the local depositional environment which may 

vary regionally and spore/bisaccate pollen 

grain ratio can be taken as a general indicator 

of distance from the shore. Early Jurassic palynomacerals 

from the Polish Basin are 

strongly dominated by terrestrial elements, 

marine palynomacerals occur in significant 

quantities only in Pliensbachian deposits in 

Pomerania Western Poland. Charcoal is an 

important component of palynomacerals. Due 

to its resistance to biogenic degradation and 

buoyancy, charcoal produced by extensive 

wildfires was widely re-deposited and concentrated 

particularly in foreshore to shallow 

shoreface and delta plain environments. Three 

types of palynofacies inversions (abnormal 

palynofacies composition) are discussed. Six 

main palynofacies types linked to depositional 

systems previously determined by sedimentological 

studies have been distinguished providing 

a robust paleoenvironmental tool for 

recognition of palynofacies attributed to certain 

palaeoenvironments. 

2010040136 

加拿大东部悉尼煤田晚石炭世宾夕法尼亚 

亚纪植被变化的孢粉证据 = Palynological 

evidence for Pennsylvanian (Late Carboniferous) 

vegetation change in the Sydney Coalfield, 

eastern Canada. ( 英文 ). Dimitrova T K; 

Zodrow E L; Cleal C J; Thomas B A. Geological 

Journal, 2010, 45(4): 388–396 

The palynology of clastic samples from 

seven stratigraphical levels in the late 

Moscovian Sydney Mines Formation, exposed 

along the shore at Bras d'Or, Nova Scotia, has 

been investigated. Most of the samples were 

from roof shales of major coals; the one sample 

that was not yielded a much higher proportion 

of pollen derived from extra-basinal vegetation. 

The four stratigraphically lower roof 

shale samples yielded essentially similar palynological 

spectra, with 39 ± 4% lycophytes, 

9 ± 4% sphenophylls, 23 ± 4% tree-ferns, 

12 ± 4% other ferns and 5 ± 3% cordaites. 

The palynology of the upper part of the investigated 

succession suggests a shift in vegetation 

towards one favouring more marattialean 

tree-ferns, cordaites and conifers, and fewer 

lycophytes. This correlates with changes in 

drainage patterns as the alluvial plain migrated 

seawards and thus changed water tables. No 

evidence was found to suggest significant climate 

change at this time. 

2010040137 

西伯利亚北部上白垩统沉积孢粉相 = Palynofacies 

in Upper cretaceous sediments of 

northern Siberia. ( 英文 ). Lebedeva N K. 


2010, 18(5): 532-549 

Different palynomorph groups (spores and 

pollen of terrestrial plants, dinoflagellate cysts, 

prasinophytes, acritarchs, Zygnemataceae algae, 

and others) have been thoroughly studied 

to define major patterns in their distribution 

depending on the impact of different environmental 

factors and to establish their paleoecological 

characteristics. The comparative 

analysis of palynomorph assemblages from 

coeval Cenomanian-Coniacian sediments of 

the Ust’-Yenisei area, Berezovskaya 23k, 

Yuzhno-Russkaya 113, Leningradskaya-1 

boreholes and Santonian-Campanian sequences 

of the Ust’-Yenisei, Khatanga and 

Polar Urals regions reveals transgressiveregressive 

cycles, which are best evident in 

coastal sections and smoothed in their marine 

counterparts. The biofacies and compositions 

of palynomorphs form the regular succession 

from the periphery toward central parts of the 

West Siberian basin. The facies successions in 

Santonian-Campanian sections of the eastern 

and western parts of the basin are inconsistent 

with each other, which may be explained by 

influence of both the West Siberian and Russian 

seas on sedimentation in its western areas. 

疑源类 

2010040138 

messaoudensis-trifidum 疑源类组合和奥陶 

系第二阶 ( 弗洛阶 ) 底部的对比 = The 

messaoudensis-trifidum acritarch assemblage 

and correlation of the base of Ordovician 

Stage 2 (Floian). ( 英文 ). Molyneux S G; 

Raevskaya E; Servais T. Geological Magazine, 

2007, 144(1): 143-156 

The Global Stratotype Section and Point 

(GSSP) for Stage 2 of the Ordovician System, 

now the Floian Stage and approximately 

equivalent to the lower and middle Arenig of 

England and Wales, is defined by the first appearance 

datum (FAD) of the graptolite Tetragraptus 

approximatus in the Diabasbrottet 

Quarry section at Mount Hunneberg, Sweden. 

One of the issues this raises is how to correlate 

the base of Stage 2 at the GSSP with areas and 

successions that do not contain a correlative 

graptolite fauna. The distinctive Cymatiogalea 

messaoudensis-Stelliferidium trifidum acritarch 

assemblage is present in the upper Tre- 

41

madocian Araneograptus murrayi Graptolite 

Biozone of NW England and ranges across the 

Tremadocian-Stage 2 boundary there (the 

Tremadoc-Arenig boundary of Anglo-Welsh 

nomenclature). It also occurs widely at other 

high southern Ordovician palaeolatitudes 

around the margin of Gondwana, being reported 

from Ireland, Wales, the Isle of Man, 

Belgium, Germany, Spain and Turkey, and 

may also be present in Bohemia and Argentina 

(Eastern Cordillera). It therefore has the potential 

to contribute towards the recognition 

and correlation of the base of Stage 2 in those 

areas. Of particular interest are the First Appearance 

Datums of various taxa within the 

stratigraphical range of the messaoudensistrifidum 

assemblage, notably that of Aureotesta 

clathrata simplex, which is considered to 

be close to the base of Stage 2 in NW England. 

Elements of the messaoudensis-trifidum assernblage 

also occur in Baltica, the palaeoplate 

on which the GSSP for the base of Stage 

2 is located. However, many of the taxa used 

to subdivide the messaoudensis-trifidum assemblage 

around Gondwana have not been 

recorded from Baltica and may be restricted 

palaeobiogeographically to the Gondwanan 

margin. Furthermore, acritarch microfloras 

have not been reported from the Diabasbrottet 

Quarry section itself, and there are hiatuses 

across the base of Stage 2 in the two sections 

from Baltica considered in this paper. Hence, 

direct correlation of the base of Stage 2 between 

the GSSP and other sections using acritarchs 

is not yet possible. Nevertheless, some 

taxa, for example the genera Peteinosphaeridium 

and Rhopahophora, are shown to have 

FADs at similar stratigraphical levels in the 

late Tremadocian Stage of both Baltica and 

Gondwana, and therefore have the potential to 

correlate time slices in the late Tremadocian 

Stage between palaeoplates. 

2010040139 

华南早 - 中奥陶世疑源类群落的古环境意义 

= The palaeoenvironmental implication of 

Early-Middle Ordovician acritarch communities 

from South China. ( 英文 ). Yan Kui; Li 

Jun. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2010, 55(10): 

957-964 

As primary producers, acritarchs that represented 

the base of the food chain in the Early 

Paleozoic marine ecosystem formed the marine 

phytoplankton communities whose distributions 

might affect those of other faunas. Ten 

acritarch ecological assemblages with their 

distributions controlled by the environmental 

factors were recognized in the Meitan Formation 

of the Honghuayuan section, Tongzi, 

Guizhou Province, the Dawan Formation of 

the Huanghuachang and Daping section, Yichang, 

Hubei Province, and the Dacao Formation 

and the Yingpan Formation of the Houping 

section, Chengkou, Chongqing through 

cluster and principal component analysis. 

2010040140 

一些早古生代疑源类中像孢子样的实体 : 与 

绿球藻 (chlorococcalean) 亲缘关系的线 

索 = Spore-like bodies in some early Paleozoic 

arcitarchs: Clues to chlorococcalean affinities. 

( 英文 ). Kazmierczak J; Kremer B. 

Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(3): 

541-551 

These bodies are comparable with reproductive 

structures (auto- and or aplanospores) 

of modern unicellular green algae. Our findings 

suggest that many of these microfossils 

may represent asexually reproducting vegetative 

cells of chlorococcalean algae. The presence 

of spore-like bodies in the studied acritarchs 

supports earlier suggestions, based on 

ultrastructural and biomarker studies, that 

some acritarchs can be affined with green algae. 

2010040141 

湖北宜昌奥陶系庙坡组疑源类 = Ordovician 

acritarchs from the Miaopo Formation of Yichang, 

Hubei. ( 中文 ). 燕夔 ; 李军 . 微体古生 

物学报 , 2007, 24(4): 422-433 2 图版 . 

湖北宜昌地区庙坡组是达瑞威尔阶 / 桑比 

阶界线附近的地层 , 该段地层产出分异度较 

高 , 丰度适中的疑源类组合。该组合包括 16 

属 ,28 种 , 其中 7 个未定命名种 , 可与国内、 

外同期疑源类组合进行对比。庙坡组疑源 

类组合既产出晚奥陶世特征分子 , 也产出阿 

伦尼格期 ( 弗洛阶上部 — 达瑞威尔阶底部 ) 

的特征分子 , 显示出一定的过渡特色。组合 

以 Baltisphaeridium(17 % —52 %) , 

Leiosphaeridia (6 % —78 %) 占优势 ; 反映了 

其沉积环境为离岸较远的外陆棚环境。 

2010040142 

中国奥陶纪疑源类多样性曲线 = Chinese 

Ordovician acritarch diversity curves. ( 中文 ). 

李军 ;Thomas SERVAIS; 燕夔 ; 苏文博 . 微体 

古生物学报 , 2008, 25(3): 215-224 

根据中国华南 ( 包括扬子台地 ) , 塔里木和 

华北板块疑源类资料作出奥陶纪属级疑源 

类多样性曲线 , 这一多样性曲线与地区及全 

42

球海平面变化有一定联系。中国奥陶纪疑 

源类多样性曲线峰值的时间与早 - 中奥陶世 

之交 ( 阿伦尼格阶中部 ) , 桑比阶 - 凯迪阶之交 

和凯迪阶上部 ( 阿什极阶 ) 等三次全球性海 

平面上升时间基本一致。 

2010040143 

疑源类 Palaeostomocystis Deflandre 

1937: 新生代南极洲从浅海亚极地到极地 

环境的潜在指示者 = Species of the acritarch 

genus Palaeostomocystis Deflandre 1937: potential 

indicators of neritic subpolar to polar 

environments in Antarctica during the Cenozoic. 

( 英文 ). Warny S. Palynology, 2009, 

33(2): 43-54 

A palynological analysis was undertaken on 

16 samples from seven piston cores collected 

along two offshore transects near Seymour 

and James Ross Islands. Diverse assemblages 

of reworked marine microplankton (including 

organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts, cymatiosphaerids 

leiospheres,and other acritarchs) 

and terrestrial palynomorphs (including pollen 

and spores) were recovered from glaciomarine 

sediments' of late Pleistocene age. 

Among the reworked taxa, four species belonging 

to the acritarch genus Palaeostomocystis 

Deflandre 1937 comprise up to 17% of 

all palynomorphs. Highest abundances were 

recorded from sites close to the coast. The potential 

use of Palaeostomocystis as a proxy for 

early ice-sheet development on the Antarctic 

margins is evaluated in light of earlier studies. 

This evaluation suggests that the high abundances 

of Palaeostomocystis on the Antarctic 

Peninsula reflect neritic-type environments 

(shallow waters, bay-like areas, or marginal 

seas) and sub-polar to polar conditions as exist 

in the Bering Sea, Greenland margins, and 

other sub-arctic to arctic areas today. 

2010040144 

美国大陆中部地区早志留世特异埋藏的 

Hoegklintia Dorning 1981( 疑源类 ) 的生 

物学意义 = Biological implications of 

uniquely preserved Hoegklintia Dorning 1981 

(Acritarcha) from the Lower Silurian, Mid- 

Continent, united states. ( 英文 ). Wood G D. 

Palynology, 2009, 33(2): 85-97 

New internal and external structures are described 

from unusually well-preserved specimens 

of the acritarch genus Hoegklintia Doming 

198 1, recovered from the Lower Silurian 

Osgood and Estill shales of Kentucky and Estill 

Shale of Ohio (U.S.A.). The morphological 

variability of internal features ranges from 

irregularly dispersed organic remains and 

clusters of circular bodies within the vesicle, 

to structures congruent with the contours of 

the vesicle and processes. External bodies are 

primarily ovoid, and may have a 'tube-like' 

extension penetrating the vesicle interior. Published 

studies mention and/or depict Hoegklintia 

with dispersed internal organic matter, but 

the specimens illustrated here are the first to 

exhibit morphologically discernible contents. 

Evidence suggests that these various entities 

represent coagulated cell contents, fife-cycle 

stages, or manifestations of parasitism/mutualism. 

2010040145 

晚志留世至泥盆纪早期具有机质壁的浮游 

植物生物多样性的全球模式 = Global patterns 

of organic-walled phytoplankton biodiversity 

during the Late Silurian to earliest Devonian. 

( 英文 ). Le Herisse A; Dorning K J; 

Mullins G L; Wicander R. Palynology, 2009, 

33(1): 25-75 

Numerous environmental factors as well as 

oceanic circulation patterns and geographic 

constraints all contribute to the abundance, 

distribution, and diversity of present-day marine 

phytoplankton assemblages. These same 

factors presumably affected the Paleozoic marine 

phytoplankton, which was dominated by 

organic-walled acritarchs and prasinophytes. 

During the Late Silurian (Gorstian, Ludfordian, 

and Pridoli) and earliest Devonian 

(Lochkovian), important paleogeographic, 

paleooceanographic, and geochemical changes 

were occurring as well as major compositional 

changes and diversity fluctuations in the marine 

organic-walled phytoplankton. Innovative 

morphologies appeared during the Late Silurian, 

in both low and high latitude assemblages, 

but with significant quantitative differences. 

This was followed by a turnover in assemblage 

composition during the Silurian/Devonian 

transition, and an initial radiation 

of new acritarch and prasinophyte taxa in 

the Early Devonian. 

Observed changes in total phytoplankton 

diversity during the Gorstian through earliest 

Lochkovian are based on organic-walled microphytoplankton 

data derived from published 

and unpublished key stratigraphic sections 

where independent age control has been 

firmly established. These key sections are 

from: Missouri and Oklahoma, U.S.A. and 

western Newfoundland, Canada (Laurentia); 

Gotland, Sweden, and Podolia, Ukraine (Baltica); 

the Welsh Basin and Borderland (Ava- 

43

lonia); northern France and northern Spain 

(Armorica); and Libya in northern Africa, and 

Argentina and Bolivia, South America 

(Gondwana). Regional biodiversity changes 

for the organic-walled microphytoplankton 

were determined for the warm low latitude 

areas (Baltica, Laurentia, and Avalonia) and 

temperate to cool higher latitude areas (northern 

and southern Gondwana). 

The Late Silurian-earliest Devonian organic-walled 

phytoplankton was divided into 

three major categories to facilitate comparison 

of compositional fluctuations, both within 

stratigraphic sections as well as between geographic 

areas. The three categories, based on 

overall morphology, are marine chlorophytes 

and prasinophytes, marine acritarchs, and 

nonmarine types, including coenobial forms. 

This triparate grouping is both broad and detailed 

enough to mark critical changes in both 

the phytoplankton assemblages, as well as the 

paleoenvironment. In general, high phytoplankton 

diversity peaks occurred during the 

Early and Late Gorstian in the warm low latitude 

areas, followed by varying fluctuations 

during the Ludfordian and Pridoli for both the 

warm low latitude and cool high latitude areas. 

An initial radiation of new phytoplankton taxa 

and the appearance of more cosmopolitan assemblages 

mark the beginning of the 

Lochkovian. 

2010040146 

北大西洋东部深海钻探计划 610A 号钻孔中 

上渐新世和更新世沟鞭藻孢囊和疑源类化 

石带 = Pliocene and Pleistocene dinoflagellate 

cyst and acritarch zonation of DSDP Hole 

610A, Eastern North Atlantic. ( 英文 ). De 

Schepper S; Head M J. Palynology, 2009, 

33(1): 179-218 

A diverse and well-preserved dinoflagellate 

cyst and acritarch record, comprising 35 genera 

and 104 species of dinoflagellate cyst and 

14 acritarch taxa, is presented for the Lower 

Pliocene through Middle Pleistocene (4.00- 

0.53 Ma) of eastern North Atlantic Deep Sea 

Drilling Project Hole 610A. The Pliocene 

samples contain twice as many dinoflagellate 

cyst taxa than the Quaternary samples but far 

lower cyst concentrations. The disappearance 

of taxa during the latest Pliocene is likely to 

have been associated with global cooling. 

Eight biozones and four subzones are established, 

representing a level of detail that surpasses 

earlier studies. The zones are based 

mostly on highest occurrences, as these are 

most prevalent in the Pliocene and Lower 

Pleistocene. The subzones, based on both the 

acme and highest persistent occurrence of 

Habibacysta tectata, appear regionally useful 

within the Lower Pleistocene. The lowest occurrence 

of Impagidinium cantabrigiense is a 

potential marker for the uppermost Gelasian 

Stage (Lower Pleistocene). While this biozonation 

is intended primarily for use in the 

eastern North Atlantic, elements will be applicable 

across the higher-latitude North Atlantic 

where calcareous microfossil zonations have 

reduced reliability and resolution. Most of the 

stratigraphically useful taxa are illustrated, 

and selected species are described informally. 

2010040147 

Ninadiacrodium-- 晚寒武世疑源类一新属和 

指相化石 = Ninadiacrodium: a new Late 

Cambrian acritarch genus and index fossil. ( 英 

文 ). Raevskaya E G; Servais T. Palynology, 

2009, 33(1): 219-239 

The acritarch Ninadiacrodium gen. nov. is 

erected to include forms with a basically triangular 

outline, but with a clearly bipolar arrangement 

of processes. It belongs to the 

'diacrodian' clade; these are morphotypes with 

ornament and/or processes at the two opposite 

poles of the central body. They were extremely 

abundant and highly diverse during 

the Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician. The 

new genus includes the two widely-cited species 

Ninadiacrodium caudatum (Vanguestaine 

1973) comb. nov. and Ninadiacrodium 

dumontii (Vanguestaine 1973) comb. nov. 

Both taxa are emended here. Ninadiacrodium 

is easily recognizable due to its elongate triangular 

shape, but is clearly differentiated from 

Veryhachium Deunff 1954, which appears in 

the Ordovician. Ninadiacrodium is apparently 

confined to the Late Cambrian, and has a 

global distribution. It is therefore an index 

fossil for the Late Cambrian. 

2010040148 

美国田纳西州东部 Nolichucky 页岩中寒武 

纪疑源类一新属 = A new Cambrian acritarch 

from the Nolichucky Shale, Eastern Tennessee, 

USA. ( 英文 ). Strother P K. Palynology, 2008, 

32(): 205-212 

A new acanthomorph acritarch genus, Auritusphaera, 

is erected to accommodate a distinctive 

form whose processes form a pseudoreticulum 

on the surface of a spherical vesicle. 

The genus is present in,and restricted 

to,the UpperShale Member of the Nolichucky 

Shale in eastern Tennessee. U.S.A., where it is 

44

found in two cores drilled in the grounds of 

the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The Upper 

Shale Member corresponds to the upper 

part of the Cedaria-Crepicephalus biozone and 

the lower part of the Aphelaspis biozone. and 

is Late Cambrian in age. The distinctive morphology 

of this acritarch may render ita potential 

marker for the Upper Cambrian Marjuman/Steptoean 

Stage boundary. 

牙形石 

2010040149 

华南上石炭统莫斯科阶 - 卡西莫夫阶界线附 

近的牙形刺 = The Upper Carboniferous 

Conodont sequence across the Moscovian- 

Kasimovian boundary in south China. ( 英文 ). 

王志浩 ; 祁玉平 . 微体古生物学报 , 2007, 

24(4): 385-392 1 图版 . 

作者详细描述了华南上石炭统莫斯科阶 - 

卡西莫夫阶界线附近的牙形刺序列 , 由上而 

下可划分为 : Streptognathodus gracilis , St. 

cancellosus ,Idiognathodus sagittalis , 

Swadelina makhlinae-Sw .nodocarinata , 

Sw. subexcelsa 和 Idiognathodus podolskensis 

带 , 并对这些牙形刺带进行了国际 

对比。同时认为 , 以 Idiognathodus sagittalis 

的首次出现为卡西莫夫阶的底界是最 

好的选择。另外 , 文中的 I diognathodus sagittalis 

, Swadelina makhlinae 和 Sw . subexcelsa 

都是我国的首次报道。 

2010040150 

论中国早寒武世原牙形类和牙形状化石 — 

—— 分类评述和地层意义 = Early Cambrian 

protoconodonts and conodont-like fossils from 

China :taxonomic revisions and stratigraphic 

implications. ( 中文 ). 钱逸 ; 李国祥 ; 朱茂炎 ; 

Michael STEINER;Bernd-D ERDTMAMN; 

冯伟民 ; 蒋志文 . 微体古生物学报 , 2008, 

25(4): 307-315 1 图版 . 

原牙形类和牙形状化石是早寒武世微小 

骨骼化石中非常特征的一个类群。自二十 

世纪 70 年代以来 , 这些齿状的微型磷质骨片 

化石在中国下寒武统含小壳化石地层中被 

大量发现 , 据统计已描述有 25 属 52 种。通 

过文中的评述和讨论 , 证实其中的一些属种 

是次异名或属于无效的分类名称 , 还有一些 

在归属上尚存在疑问。通过对原牙形类和 

牙形状化石定义的讨论 , 将先前指定为原牙 

形类的 13 个属进行了分类评述。表明其中 

的 5 个属是次异名 , 还有 2 个属是未知的节 

肢动物。其它的 12 个牙形状化石属中也有 

5 个属是次异名 , 它们不仅显示了有多种动 

物亲缘的牙形状形态 , 而且大多属于绝灭生 

物 , 只有 Beshtashella 和 

Paraformitchella ( = Beshtashella) 被指定 

为软体动物。文中还简要地讨论了大多数 

属的时空分布 , 包括 3 个阶段的原牙形类地 

层分布 , 这不仅具有划分对比地层的意义 , 而 

且还反映了原牙形类的演化趋势。 

2010040151 

辽河断陷东部凹陷钻井中含牙形石的中奥 

陶统马家沟组 = Middle Ordovician Majiagou 

Formation with Conodont fossils from 

the eastern depression in the Liaohe fault depression. 

( 中文 ). 王仁厚 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2008, 25(4): 404-410 2 图版 . 

钻探证实辽河断陷东部凹陷内 , 中、新生 

代地层之下发育厚层质纯的碳酸盐岩 , 是潜 

山油气勘探的主要目的层。经过系统选样 , 

发现了较为丰富的牙形石化石。牙形石研 

究表明这套厚层质纯的碳酸盐岩地层属于 

中奥陶统的马家沟组 , 含有上部以 

Erraticodon tangshanensis 为主 , 下部 

Tangshanodus tangshanensis 为特征的牙形 

石。研究还首次表明辽东太子河早古生代 

海盆已延伸到辽河断陷东部凹陷内部。由 

于这套碳酸盐岩地层具有良好的油气储集 

性能 , 因此 , 此研究成果对于在东部凹陷内部 

进一步寻找 “ 新生古储 ” 式潜山油气藏具有 

重要的指导意义。 

小壳化石 

2010040152 

陕南早寒武世宽川铺生物群沉积环境及埋 

藏机制研究 = Depositional Environment And 

Biostratinomic Model Of The Early Cambrian 

Kuanchuanpu Biota From Southern Shaanxi. 

( 中文 ). 王欣 ; 华洪 ; 李朋 ; 韩伟 . 古生物学 

报 , 2010, 49(1): 125-132 

陕南早寒武世宽川铺生物群三维立体保 

存了大量结构精美的磷酸盐化胚胎及小壳 

化石 , 为后生动物演化及化石胚胎学的研究 

提供了珍贵的实证材料。目前的研究主要 

集中在化石分类学及演化生物学上 , 而对沉 

积环境及埋藏机制的研究却很少涉及。文 

中通过对大量野外岩石照片、岩石薄片、 

小壳化石 SEM 照片的综合研究后认为 , 宽 

川铺生物群不是原地埋藏的产物 , 而是事件 

沉积的结果。该研究对于探讨宽川铺生物 

群化石的埋藏环境及保存机制具有一定的 

意义。 

45

古植物学 

综论 

2010040153 

新热带植物区在 “ 古新纪 — 始新世极热时 

期 ” 的植被面貌的变化 = Floristic changes in 

the neotropics at the PETM. ( 英文 ). Contreras 

LC; Ochoa-Lozano D P; Jaramillo C; Mora G. 

Palynology, 2008, 32(): 258-258 

2010040154 

塞雷洪古植物群 :6000 万年以前的新热带 

雨林 = A 60 million year old neotropical rainforest: 

Cerrejon paleoflora. ( 英文 ). Herrera 

FA; Jaramillo C; Wing S. Palynology, 2008, 

32(): 261-261 

2010040155 

智利沿海森林是更新世之前的残迹吗 ? 来 

自叶相、古气候和植物地理学的证据 = Are 

chilean coastal forests pre-pleistocene relicts? 

Evidence from foliar physiognomy. palaeoclimate, 

and phytogeography. ( 英文 ). 

Hinojosa L F; Villagran C; Armesto J J. Palynology, 

2008, 32(): 261-261 

2010040156 

密西西比河流域晚古新世一个多样化的植 

物组合 = A diverse floral assemblage from 

the Late Palaeocene of Mississippi. ( 英文 ). 

Jardine P; Harrington G. Palynology, 2008, 

32(): 261-262 

2010040157 

澳大利亚 Eromanga 盆地 Albian- 

Cenomanian 期 Winton 组植物群 : 澳大利 

亚白垩纪维管植物分化和衰退的指示 = The 

Winton Formation flora (Albian-Cenomanian, 

Eromanga Basin): implications for vascular 

plant diversification and decline in the Australian 

Cretaceous. ( 英文 ). McLoughlina S; Potta 

C; Elliott D. Alcheringa, 2010, 34(3): 303 - 

323 

The youngest Australian equisetaleans and 

bennettitaleans are identified within the latest 

Albian to early Cenomanian Winton Formation 

flora based on new impression fossils 

from the Winton district, Eromanga Basin, 

western Queensland. Typical Winton Formation 

floras are also confirmed near Isisford and 

Morney Plains in eastern and central Eromanga 

Basin. The Winton Formation flora 

contains over 50 macrofossil plant taxa and 

marks the transition from seed-fern/conifer to 

angiosperm dominance in the Australian floristic 

succession. The pattern of clade representation 

in Australian late Mesozoic fossil 

assemblages suggests a causal link between 

angiosperm diversification and the decline of 

key understorey and mid-storey plants, particularly 

equisetaleans, seed-ferns, ginkgophytes 

and some fern families, through the 

mid-Cretaceous. 

2010040158 

标记的木材碎片和非木质组织形成的木炭 

的实验室对照结果 = Laboratory production 

of vouchered reference charcoal from small 

wood samples and non-woody plant tissues. 

( 英文 ). Orvis K H; Lane C S; Horn S P. Palynology, 

2005, 29(): 1-11 

Taxonomic identification of small fragments 

of burned plant tissue in lake sediment 

profiles can enhance reconstructions of past 

vegetation, fire regimes, and climate. 

Vouchered reference collections of charcoal 

prepared from both soft and woody plant tissues, 

analogous to modem pollen reference 

collections, will be required for making rigorous 

identifications and for knowing the level 

of certainty achieved. Published methods of 

laboratory production of charcoal may only 

poorly mimic pyrolysis as it occurs in wildfires, 

and tend to require large volumes of 

plant material. We present a method for preparing 

reference charcoal from dried plant 

specimens that is simple, provides a high degree 

of control, yet requires only small tissue 

samples. Based on results of a series of experiments, 

we recommend placing dried samples 

in 25 cm(3) perforated-base porcelain 

Gooch filtering crucibles, surrounded by 250- 

500 mu m sand; saturating the sand with water 

and draining; and placing for eight to nine 

minutes in a furnace heated to 550 degrees C. 

The wet sand delays heating so that temperature 

rise is steep. Pyrolysis is brief and occurs 

under hypoxic conditions due to temporary 

oxygen flushing by water vapor. Using our 

method we achieved excellent results on both 

woody and soft tissues from a variety of plant 

taxa. 

2010040159 

植物物种形成的生态学研究 = Ecology of 

plant speciation. ( 英文 ). Givnish T J. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 1326-1366 

Ecology affects each of the three principal 

processes leading to speciation: genetic differentiation 

among populations within species, 

acquisition of reproductive isolation among 

populations, and the rise of ecological differentiation 

among such populations, allowing 

46

them to coexist. Until recently, however, the 

ties between ecology and speciation in plants 

have received relatively little attention. This 

paper reviews some exciting new insights into 

the role of ecology in speciation, focusing on 

the angiosperms. I consider five main topics, 

including (1) the determinants of the spatial 

scale of genetic differentiation within species; 

(2) the role and limits of adaptive radiation in 

increasing net rates of plant diversification; (3) 

the potential role of ecological speciation; (4) 

the contributions of hybridization to speciation, 

adaptive radiation, and the ecological breadth 

of clades; and (5) the ecological determinants 

of net diversification rate for individual lineages, 

and of the species richness for regional 

floras. 

Limited dispersal, especially of seeds, favors 

genetic differentiation at small spatial 

scales and is likely to foster rapid speciation 

and narrow endemism. Meta-analyses show 

that the minimum area required for in situ 

speciation on islands increases with the spatial 

scale of gene flow in various organisms. In 

angiosperms, fleshy fruits dispersed by vertebrates 

often increase the distance over which 

seeds are dispersed, but can decrease it in forest 

understories. Nutrient-poor soils should 

work against the evolution of fleshy fruits and 

promote speciation and narrow endemism. 

Selection for adaptation to different conditions 

drives adaptive radiation, the rise of a diversity 

of ecological roles and attendant adaptations 

within a lineage. On islands, adaptive 

radiation often leads to woodiness, monocarpy, 

developmental heterophylly, and sexual dimorphism, 

as well as differences in habitat, 

growth form, and floral morphology. Adaptive 

radiation appears to accelerate speciation in 

only some plant clades. Extensive radiation in 

some lineages has been ascribed to early colonization, 

large amounts of heritable genetic 

variation, "genetic lines of least resistance" 

upon which selection could act, absence of 

potential competitors, and possession of "key 

innovations" that provide access to novel resources. 

To these should be added large island 

area, organismal abundance, saturation of ecological 

space, and the synergism action of limited 

dispersal and divergent selection producing 

parallel radiations in isolated regions. Data 

for Hawaiian lobeliads suggest that withinisland 

species richness of Cyanea-involving 

divergence in elevation and flower tube 

length-saturates within 0.6 and 1.5 Ma. 

Adaptive radiation in pollinators is an important 

mechanism of ecological speciation: 

adaptation to different pollinators leads to pollinator 

partitioning and reproductive isolation. 

Selection for longer nectar spurs and pollinator 

mouth parts led to increased speciation in 

Aquilegia and other groups. A similar process 

may work once tubular flowers evolve from 

cup-shaped blossoms. Selection for floral divergence 

may be limited in forest understories 

illuminated by dim, greenish light, which may 

account for the predominance of small, visually 

inconspicuous flowers in temperate and 

tropical understory species. 

Hybridization can stimulate speciation by 

forming transgressive phenotypes that exceed 

the range seen in parental taxa, and by introgressing 

adaptive gene combinations. The 

likelihood of transgressive phenotypes increases 

with the genetic divergence between 

parental taxa, so speciation via transgressive 

hybridization may be most likely among taxa 

with intermediate amounts of divergence. 

Several large adaptive radiations appear to 

have occurred after hybridization, suggesting 

a special role for the extensive amount of genetic 

variation that can be supplied and refreshed 

by syngameons. 

Rates of net species diversification are 

greater in herbs (especially annuals) vs. 

woody plants; in animal- vs. wind-pollinated 

species; in plants with poorly dispersed seeds; 

in families with a greater diversity of growth 

forms, pollination and seed dispersal mechanisms, 

and species distributions; in families at 

lower latitudes; in families with higher rates of 

genetic evolution; in hermaphroditic or 

monoecious vs. dioecious clades; in earliermaturing 

woody plants; in plants with bilateral 

vs. radial flowers; in plants with hummingbird-pollinated 

flowers; in epiphytic vs. terrestrial 

bromeliads and orchids; in bromeliads 

differentiating along geographically extensive 

cordilleras; and in young vs. old clades. Evidence 

for the last pattern may, however, be an 

artifact of (auto)regressing (In N) / t vs. t. 

High rates of diversification in epiphytic orchids 

are tied to small effective population 

sizes, suggesting a role for intermittent genetic 

drift alternating with strong selection on floral 

traits. Across angiosperms, a massive increase 

in diversification rates was preceded by a major 

increase in leaf vein density and hydraulic 

conductance between 140 and 110 Ma ago, 

leading to higher photosynthetic rates than 

coexisting ferns and gymnosperms. Based on 

the economic theory of plant defense, this 

should have led to lower allocation to antiherbivore 

defenses, selecting for low-cost 

47

qualitative toxins rather than all-purpose but 

highly expensive qualitative defenses, triggering 

an arms' race between angiosperm and 

their herbivores. Finally, regional plant species 

richness increases with regional area and 

proxies for latitude, rainfall, topographic heterogeneity, 

and vegetation stratification. The 

Cape Floristic Province has roughly twice as 

many species as expected from its area and 

environmental conditions, most likely reflecting 

the predominance of short-distance dispersal 

associated with poor soils and myrmecochory 

in the Cape Province, as well as low 

rates of regeneration and competitive exclusion 

following fire. 

2010040160 

同一祖先衍生而来的物种对与植物成种 = 

Progenitor-derivative species pairs and plant 

speciation. ( 英文 ). Crawford D J. Taxon, 2010, 

59(5): 1413-1423 

In addition to the classic allopatric model of 

speciation in which two lineages diverge 

through time, a population may "bud off" from 

an ancestral population and become adapted to 

a different habitat. The ancestral population 

(the progenitor or p species) remains largely 

unchanged in its original habitat while the 

population that budded off acquires novel 

characters and becomes the derivative (d) species. 

P-d species pairs are appropriate systems 

for studying plant speciation because they represent 

recent divergence, making it more feasible 

to identify the few differences between 

the taxa and to infer possible early-evolving 

barriers to gene flow. The evidence that has 

been used to designate species as p-d pairs is 

reviewed and evaluated. P-d species pairs are 

compared for several characters, with ecogeographic 

factors the only consistent difference 

between species pairs. Three genera in 

which p-d species pairs have been studied in 

some depth are used to illustrate both the advantages 

and challenges of studying the process 

of speciation. It is suggested that there are 

some advantages in focusing future studies on 

even earlier stages of divergence, in which 

speciation is not yet complete, and p and d 

populations can be identified. Efforts should 

focus on ever more refined genetic analyses of 

differences between populations, especially 

factors reducing effective gene flow between 

them. 

2010040161 

由林奈提出的基于 Loefling's Iter Hispanicum(1758) 

的美洲维管植物种名的规范 

化 = Typification of names of American species 

of vascular plants proposed by Linnaeus 

and based on Loefling's Iter Hispanicum 

(1758). ( 英文 ). Dorr L J; Wiersema J H. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 1571-1577 

Neotypes are proposed for the names of ten 

species of American plants that Linnaeus 

based in whole or in part on descriptions in 

Loefling's Iter Hispanicum:Allionia incarnata, 

Allionia violacea, Ayenia tomentosa, Byttneria 

scabra, Krameria ixine, Lecythis ollaria, 

Moniera trifolia, Viola arborea, Viola calceolaria, 

and Viola oppositifolia. Lectotypes are 

proposed for the names of six species of 

American plants that Linnaeus based in whole 

or in part on descriptions in the same work: 

Ayenia magna, Cecropia peltata, Ellisia acuta, 

jussiaea pubescens, Loranthus occidentalis, 

and Spermacoce strigosa. A neotype also is 

proposed for a Jacquin name, Hybanthus havanensis, 

which Linnaeus renamed as Viola 

hybanthus. We also argue that Laetia americana 

is neotypified by the type applied to the 

illegitimate name Laetia apetala. 

2010040162 

植物蜡叶标本扩展了系统地理学研究的种 

质 ( 经生殖细胞传递的遗传物质 ) 数据的 

时空范围 = Herbarium specimens expand the 

geographical and temporal range of germplasm 

data in phylogeographic studies. ( 英文 ). 

Lister D L; Bower M A; Jones M K. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 1321-1323 

2010040163 

用聚类法验证化石记录分析中的相似系 

数 : 以古生代植物群为例 = Testing similarity 

coefficients for analysis of the fossil record 

using clustering methods: the Palaeozoic flora 

as a study case. ( 英文 ). Cascales-Minana B. 

Revista Espanola de paleontologia, 2010, 

25(1): 19-34 

The results show that although the raup- 

Crick coefficients clearly have the potential 

for providing more robust results, the consequences 

of the extinction processes are better 

reflected in the similarity analysis based on 

the Jaccard Coefficients. On the other hand, 

the cluster analysis based on UPGMA algorithm 

shows four robust clusters and reveals 

new evidence for the singularity of Mississippian 

flora. Finally, the results obtained reveal 

that similarity and cluster analysis are powerful 

tools to interpret the consequence of the 

processes modifying the taxonomic composi- 

48

tion of the several analyzed Palaeozoic time 

units. 

2010040164 

瑞士 Monte San Giorgio 地区 Meride 灰岩 

Cassina 层拉丁阶植物群 : 初步结果 = The 

Ladinian flora from the Cassina beds (Meride 

Limestone, Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland): 

Preliminary results. ( 英文 ). Stockar R; Kustatscher 

E. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e 

stratigrafia, 2010, 116(2): 173-188 

The flora contains at least five species; conifer 

remains assignable to the genera Elatocladus, 

Votzia and ?Pelourdea are the most common 

elements. A new species, Elatocladus cassinae 

n. sp., is formally described. Co-occurring 

with the conifers are seed ferns (Ptilozamites) 

and a few putative cycadalean remains 

(?Taeniopteris). A mong the identified genera, 

only Voltzia has previously been reported 

from Monte San Giorgio. 

2010040165 

秘鲁卡哈马卡地区木化石 (El Bosque Petrificado 

Piedra Chamana) 的地质和埋藏 

学信息 = Geologic and taphonomic context of 

El Bosque Petrificado Piedra Chamana (Cajamarca, 

Peru). ( 英文 ). Woodcock D; Meyer 

H; Dunbar N; McIntosh W; Prado I; Morales 

G. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 

2009, 121(7-8): 1172-1178 

Volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks in the 

northern Peruvian Andes (central Cajamarca, 

79°10'W, 6°35'S) contain a diverse assemblage 

of permineralized woods known as El 

Bosque Petrificado Piedra Chamana. The fossil 

forest and associated paleosol are preserved 

in ash-fall and lahar deposits of the Huambos 

Formation. Dating of plagioclase from the ashfall 

deposit using 40 Ar/ 39 Ar methods yields a 

middle Eocene age of 39.35 ± 0.21 Ma. Accuracy 

of this age determination is supported by 

a more robust sanidine age of 39.52 ± 0.11 Ma 

from an underlying welded ignimbrite. Fossil 

wood and leaves associated with the ash-fall 

deposit include vertical trees rooted in the paleosol 

and buried in situ by the ash. Fossil 

wood is also present in high abundance and 

diversity in the overlying lahar. The fossils are 

significant as a low-latitude assemblage including 

a diversity of both monocots and dicots 

and in having fossil leaves occurring in 

close proximity to fossil woods. Preliminary 

analyses of wood and leaf characters suggest a 

megathermal climate with some limitations on 

plant growth associated with limited (seasonal) 

moisture availability. The assemblage represents 

lowland tropical forest that was probably 

growing near sea level and subsequently uplifted 

to the current elevation at the site 

(~2400–2600 m). 

藻类 

2010040166 

细菌在碳酸岩、磷酸岩和硅酸岩的自然以 

及实验沉中的重要性 = Significance of bacteria 

in natural and experimental sedimentation 

of carbonates, phosphates, and silicates. 

( 英文 ). Ushatinskaya G T; Gerasimenko L M; 

Zhegallo E A; Zaitseva L V; Orleanskii V K. 

Paleontological Journal, 2006, 40(4): S524- 

S531 4 图版 . 

The role of bacteria in sedimentation of 

phosphorites, siliceous and carbonate rocks is 

discussed. Preservation of bacterial bodies in 

fossil condition, even in very ancient deposits, 

is connected with their very early mineralization. 

A series of laboratory experiments allowed 

conditions to be reproduced that could 

have led to mineralization of cyanobacteria 

and their preservation in sedimentary deposits. 

The experiments have also shown the important 

role of cyanobacteria and their metabolic 

products in the formation of some carbonate 

minerals, as well as in the accumulation of 

stromatolites. 

2010040167 

波罗的海中西部前滨螺相硅藻地层学和沉 

积物硫化记录 : 水层盐度变化的启示 = The 

pre-littorina diatom stratigraphy and sediment 

sulphidisation record from the west-central 

Baltic Sea: Implications of the water column 

salinity variations. ( 英文 ). Lepland A; Heinsalu 

A; Stevens R L. GFF, 1999, 121(1): 57- 

65 

The pre-littorina section of a sediment core 

collected from the eastern slope of the 

Landsort Deep has been analysed with respect 

to diatoms and sedimentologic parameters. 

The occurrences of different Fe-sulphide 

phases are related to the depositional and 

diagenetic conditions that are reflected by C- 

org and S contents and the illite to quartz ratio. 

The later parameter is applied as a proxy for 

the sediment grain size. Diatom documentation 

allows the sub-division of the pre- 

Littorina stratigraphy into intervals corresponding 

to the Yoldia Sea and Ancylus Lake. 

The Yoldia Sea interval is additionally divided 

into three phases, with the middle phase corresponding 

to the period when the entire water 

49

column was brackish. During the first phase 

the bottom waters were brackish and surface 

waters fresh and during the last phase rapid 

freshening took place. The occurrence of distinct 

pockets and lenses with FeS in two portions 

of the pre-littorina sediments is explained 

by the elevated C-org content in these 

intervals. The relatively high C-org favoured 

sulphide generation through sulphate reduction 

and fixation as FeS. However, the sulphidic 

precipitation itself is interpreted to be 

sulphide limited, consistent with FeS preservation. 

The upper portion of the pre-Littorina 

sequence is affected by an additional sulphide 

influx by downward diffusion from Littorina 

Sea sediments above, facilitating the transformation 

of FeS to pyrite in these sediments. 

The variable C-org content and the grain size 

are primarily controlled by the proportions of 

sediment contribution from two different 

sediment sources: locally supplied, relatively 

organic-rich and coarse-grained littoral and 

fluvial sediments, and fine-grained, organicpoor 

sediments supplied from the melting icesheet. 

2010040168 

比利时狄南复向斜南缘 'Fondry des 

Chiens' 中泥盆统藻类和有疑问的微体化石 : 

古水深学意义 = Middle Devonian algal and 

problematic microfossils of the 'Fondry des 

Chiens' (southern border of Dinant Synclinorium 

Belgium): Paleobathymetric implications. 

( 英文 ). Mamet B; Preat A. Revista espanola 

de Micropaleontologia, 2009, 52(3): 

249-263 

This study is concerned with the distribution 

of algae and microproblematica observed 

in a regressive sequence of carbonate rocks 

that accumulated open marine to lagoonal palaeoenvironments. 

The basal algal microflora 

is reduced to a few chlorophytes, but increases 

rapidly in number and diversity in the flanks 

of the bioconstructions, then explodes in the 

restricted facies. An attempt to estimate the 

bathymetry is based on the palaeoecological 

constraints of the identified algae. 

2010040169 

鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系原油葡萄藻母质输入 

的生物标志物特征 = Characteristic of biomarkers 

originating from Botryococcus in the 

Triassic lacustrine hydrocarbon source rocks 

and crude oils in the Ordos Basin. ( 中文 ). 吉 

利明 ; 宋之光 ; 李剑峰 . 微体古生物学报 , 2008, 

25(3): 281-290 

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部西峰油田三叠系延 

长组烃源岩和原油的有机地球化学研究显 

示 , 原油和烃源岩正构烷烃多表现出双峰型 

特征 , 且多以低碳数前峰群为主 , 主峰碳在 

nC15 —nC20 之间 ; 规则甾烷相对丰度 C28 

+ C27 > C29, 且 R 构型 C27 、C28 和 C29 

规则甾烷分布表现出各种不对称的 “V” 字型 

特征 ; 指示了以藻类为主的混合型母质输入 

特征。所有原油中均检出丰富的两环萜烷 

(C12 —C16 ) 和短链至长链 (C15 —C34 ) 的 

单甲基支链烷烃生物标志化合物 , 本地区主 

要烃源岩延长组长 73 - 长 72 段也普遍检出 

与原油具有相同碳数分布和结构特征的两 

环烷烃和单甲基支链烷烃 , 在一定程度上指 

示了油源对应关系。前人研究表明 , 葡萄藻 

(B ot ryococcus brauni i) 可能是地质体中两 

环倍半萜和单甲基支链烷烃的重要母质来 

源。而西峰地区延长组的微体古生物学研 

究 , 恰好在长 73 — 长 72 段发现丰富的葡萄 

藻化石。因此 , 延长组原油和烃源岩中两环 

倍半萜和单甲基支链烷烃的出现 , 不仅指示 

葡萄藻可能是该地区烃类形成的重要母质 

来源之一 , 而且指示葡萄藻有机质可能提供 

了这些标志物的先驱。主要烃源岩中富含 

葡萄藻化石及其降解形成的无定形有机质 , 

进一步证明葡萄藻可能是鄂尔多斯盆地三 

叠系陆相石油藻类母质的重要组成。 

2010040170 

中国东北松辽盆地南、北部松科钻孔 1 中 

(sk-1) 的白垩纪浮游植物群落 = Cretaceous 

Phytoplankton Assemblages from 

Songke Core-1, North and South (SK-1, N 

and S) of Songliao Basin, Northeast China. 

( 英文 ). Zhang Yiyi; Bao Lina. Acta Geologica 

Sinica, 2009, 83(5): 868-874 

Cretaceous phytoplankton from the newly 

completed core hole (SK-1, N&S) in the 

central Songliao Basin was studied. The target 

interval is from the upper Quantou Formation 

of Upper Cretaceous to Mingshui Formation. 

Twelve genera of dinoflagellates, six of acritarcha 

and three of chlorophyta were identified 

in 588 samples from the 2300-m deep 

core. Ten phytoplankton assemblages have 

been classified : Tetranguladinium- 

Subtilisphaera-Botryococcus, Botryococcus- 

Pediastrum, Pediastrum, Dinogymniopsis- 

Chlamydophrella-Vesperopsis bifurcate, Dinogymniopsis 

minor-Balmula, Pediastrum- 

Botryococcus, Schizosporis-Campenia, Kiokansium-Dinogymniopsis- 

Botryococcus, Dinogymniopsis-Granodiscus-Filisphaeridium 

50

and Granodiscus. According to the findings 

mentioned above, the age of the upper Qantou 

Formation is Cenomanian, the Qingshankou 

Formation belongs to upper Cenomanian- 

Turonian, the Yaojia Formation to Coniancian-Santonian 

age, the Nenjiang Formation is 

of Campanian age, and Sifangtai-Mingshui 

formations are referred to Maastrichtian stage. 

The ecology of phytoplankton is closely related 

to water salinity. Each type of phytoplankton 

is within a certain living water mass 

whose evolution type reflects salinity change 

of the Songliao Lake. The assemblages from 

the SK-1 indicate that water salinity changes 

with the cycle of freshwater-slight brackish 

water-brackish water-slight brackish waterfreshwater 

in the lake. 

2010040171 

准噶尔盆地白垩纪轮藻化石组合序列 = 

Cretaceous Charophyte floras from the Junggar 

Basin, Xinjiang, China. ( 中文 ). 杨景林 ; 王 

启飞 ; 卢辉楠 . 微体古生物学报 , 2008, 25(4): 

345-363 1 图版 . 

新疆准噶尔盆地的白垩系发育较好 , 其中 

含有丰富的轮藻化石 , 计有 20 属 1 亚属 63 

种 1 亚种 3 变种 2 比较种 1 新型 2 未定种 , 

其中包括 7 个新种。根据轮藻植物群的演 

化 , 可在盆地的南缘、腹部和东北缘建立 4 

个化石带 1 个亚带和 1 个组合 : Clypeator 

zongjiangensis 带 ( 南缘、腹部及东北缘 ) , 时 

代相当于 Berriasian —Valanginian; Flabellochara 

hebeiensis 带 ( 南缘 ) , 时代为 

Barremian; Clypeator jiuquanensis 带 ( 腹部 ) , 

时代为 Hauterivian —Barremian , 其中包含 

Atopochara trivolvistriquetra 亚带 , 时 

代为 Barremian ; Atopochara restricta 带 ( 腹 

部 ) , 时代为 Cenomanian ; Aclistochara mundula 

var. elliptica-Rasky aechara gobica-Toly 

pellagrambasti 组合 ( 腹部、北部及东北缘 ) , 

时代应为晚白垩世中、晚期。该组合序列 

的建立 , 对确定准噶尔盆地白垩系的年代格 

架以及与国内外有关地层的对比关系具有 

十分重要的意义。 

2010040172 

颗石藻自动鉴定系统及其古海洋学应用 — 

以南海 MD0522901 柱状样研究为例 = Application 

of automatic recognition system for 

coccoliths in paleoceanography : a case study 

at site md05-2901 , south China Sea. ( 中文 ). 

苏翔 ; 刘传联 . 微体古生物学报 , 2008, 25(4): 

385-392 

颗石藻自动鉴定系统 SYRACO(Système 

de Reconnaissance Automatique de Coccolithes) 

是一种通过人工智能神经网络自动识 

别颗石藻种类并统计数量的工具软件。该 

软件能够快速可靠识别观察视域中的所有 

颗石个体 , 大幅度提高工作效率并弥补了在 

颗石藻属种鉴定过程中的人为误差。经过 

训练的 SYRACO 系统可以鉴定第四纪以来 

14 个主要颗石藻属种 , 适用于第四纪以来的 

古环境研究。作者使用 SYRACO 自动鉴定 

系统对南海 MD052-2901 柱状样进行颗石 

藻属种鉴定 , 同时获得了 Florisphaera 

profunda , Emiliania huxleyi , Gephyrocapsa 

oceanica 等主要属种含量信息。将结果与 

先前人工统计数据对比表明二者具有很好 

的一致性 , 证明其在古海洋学研究中 

的应用价值。 

2010040173 

由沟鞭藻纲孢子囊推断北海盆地南部 ( 比 

利时北部 ) 上新世 - 中新世沉积间断 = The 

Miocene-Pliocene hiatus in the southern North 

Sea Basin (northern Belgium) revealed by 

dinoflagellate cysts. ( 英文 ). Louwye S; De 

Schepper S. Geological Magazine, 2010, 

147(5): 760-776 

A palynological analysis with marine palynomorphs 

(dinoflagellate cysts, acritarchs, 

green algae) and terrestrial palynomorphs 

(pollen and spores) of the Kasterlee and 

Poederlee formations provides new insights in 

the depositional history at the southern border 

of the North Sea basin (northern Belgium) 

around the Miocene-Pliocene transition. 

Dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy constrains the 

age of the Kasterlee Formation in the Oud- 

Turnhout borehole between 7.5 and 5.32 Ma. 

The upper boundary of the formation can be 

correlated with sequence boundary Me2 at 

5.73 Ma of Hardenbol and co-workers, which 

further constrains its age to the time interval 

7.5-5.73 Ma. The palynomorph assemblages 

reflect a near-coast depositional environment. 

Where present, the Kasterlee Formation thus 

terminates the Miocene series in northern Belgium. 

The overall shallow nature of the latest 

Miocene deposits is related to a sea-level lowering 

caused by the onset of globally cooling 

conditions. For the first time, palynology is 

applied to estimate the age of the Poederlee 

Formation, suggesting it was deposited during 

the Mid-Pliocene warm period. Dinoflagellate 

cysts and sequence stratigraphy together constrain 

the age of the unit between 3.21 and 

2.76 Ma, and possibly even between 3.21 and 

51

3.15 Ma. The Poederlee Formation was deposited 

in neritic environments, which shoaled in 

the upper part of the unit as a consequence of 

the decreasing availability of accommodation 

space. We demonstrate that the magnitude of 

the hiatus between the Miocene and Pliocene 

series varies strongly at the southern boundary 

of the North Sea Basin, and lasts in the Antwerp 

area c. 3.2 million years and c. 2.52 million 

years in the Campine area. 

2010040174 

中新世沟鞭藻孢囊 Operculodinium? borgerholtense 

louwye 2001( 修订名 ) 的形态 

学以及地理分布 = Morphology and distribution 

of the Miocene dinoflagellate cyst Operculodinium? 

borgerholtense louwye 2001, 

emend. ( 英文 ). Soliman A; Head M J; Louwye 

S. Palynology, 2009, 33(2): 73-84 

The extinct, organic-walled, proximochorate 

dinoflagellate cyst Operculodinium? borgerholtense 

Louwye 2001 was first described 

from Miocene shallow-marine deposits of 

northern Belgium, and has since been documented 

from the Miocene of the eastern North 

Atlantic, North Sea, Austria, Hungary, and 

Egypt. Conventional and confocal light microscopy 

and scanning electron microscopy 

are used to reveal new details of the archeopyle, 

wall structure, and ornament. The 

archeopyle is shown to have well-defined 

rather than rounded angles, a distinction we 

consider significant in assigning this species 

only provisionally to the genus. Operculodinium? 

borgerholtense was a euryhaline neritic 

species highly tolerant of environmental stress, 

a feature consistent with its morphological 

variability. Present records indicate it tropicalsubtropical 

to temperate paleoclimatic distribution. 

It ranges from the upper Lower Miocene 

to tipper Middle Miocene, and promises 

to be a useful stratigraphic marker particularly 

in neritic settings where adverse paleoenvironmental 

factors have excluded other species. 

2010040175 

爱尔兰西南部近海的 Porcupine 盆地中新 

世沟鞭藻孢囊新发现 = New dinoflagellate 

cysts from the Miocene of the Porcupine Basin, 

offshore Southwest Ireland. ( 英文 ). Louwye 

S; Mertens K N; Vercauteren D. Palynology, 

2008, 32(): 131-142 

Four new dinoflagellate cyst species from 

the Lower and Middle Miocene strata of the 

Porcupine Basin, offshore southwest Ireland. 

are formally described. Batiacasphaera edwardsiae 

sp. nov. was previously described 

under open nomenclature from the Miocene of 

the adjacent Rockall Plateau. Lejeunecysta 

challengerensis sp. nov. is recorded sporadically 

from the Burdigalian and Serravallian. 

Selenopemphix porcupensis sp. nov. and Trinovantedinium 

henrietii sp. nov. are largesized 

dinoflagellate cysts with maximum dimensions 

of approximately 100 mu m. Selenopemphix 

porcupensis sp. nov. is recorded 

in the uppermost Burdigalian and Langhian, 

and Trinovantedinium henrietii sp. nov. is present 

in the Langhian and lowermost Batiacasphaera 

edwardsiae sp. nov. is possibly biostratigraphically 

significant for the Middle 

Miocene. 

2010040176 

Sargassum sect. Acanthocarpicae( 墨角藻 

目 , 褐藻纲 ) 的分类学再修订 = Taxonomic 

revision of Sargassum sect. Acanthocarpicae 

(Fucales, Phaeophyceae). ( 英文 ). Mattio L; 

Payri C E; Verlaque M; de Reviers B. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(3): 896-904 

Sargassum is one of the morphologically 

most complex phaeophyceaen genera, and is 

divided into subgenera, sections, subsections, 

series and species groups based on highly polymorphic 

characters. Recent DNA analyses 

have highlighted incongruities in the traditional 

classification of the genus and especially 

within Sargassum subg. Sargassum sect. 

Acanthocalpicae. Our goal was to re-assess 

the relationships among taxa currently attributed 

to this section in the Pacific basin. We 

undertook the taxonomic study in two main 

steps: (I) the morphological examination of 

large collections from inter-tropical Pacific 

islands and type specimens from worldwide 

localities; and (2) DNA analyses using a set of 

three markers (ITS-2, partial rbcLS-operon, 

cox3). Morphological and DNA analyses confirmed 

that S. sect. Acanthocarpicae is based 

on unsuitable morphological characters and is 

not monophyletic. On the basis of this study, 

we propose (1) abandoning subsections within 

S. sect. Acanthocarpicae; (2) synonymization 

of S. sect. Acanthocarpicae and sect. Malacocarpicae 

with sect. Sargassum; and (3) the 

elevation of S. ser. Ilicifoliae and ser. Binderianae 

to sectional rank as well as their redescription 

according to new sets of morphological 

characters. 

真菌 

2010040177 

52

西伯利亚 Lakhanda 群中里菲纪异养生物 

的发现 = A discovery of Riphean heterotrophs 

in the Lakhanda group of Siberia. ( 英 

文 ). Hermann T N; Podkovyrov V N. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(4): 374-383 5 图 

版 . 

New fossil remains have been discovered 

from the well-known Lakhanda Microbiota 

(1015–1025 Ma, Uchur-Maya Region, Southeastern 

Siberia). The microfossils have characters 

observed in microscopic fungi, such as 

a reticulate mycelium, formed by anastomizing 

hyphae of non-cellular structure and of 

variable width. The fungal mycelium shows 

that hyphae grew in a certain direction, both 

forwards and backwards. As their length increased, 

the hyphae became curved and 

merged with neighboring hyphae to form enclosed 

spaces. The presence on hyphae of 

knoblike trapping structures and secretion of 

adhesive enzymes suggest a similarity with 

modern nematophagous fungi. Microorganisms 

associated with the adhesive hyphae consist 

of colonial green unicellular algae and thin 

bacterial sheaths, which may indicate mutually 

beneficial relationships between morphologically 

and biologically different partners. 

Microfossils of fungal origin are systematically 

described. They include Aimonema 

ramosa gen. et sp. nov. and the green unicellular 

alga Eoprotoderma neruenica gen. et sp. 

nov., forming a symbiotic association. 

2010040178 

新生代晚期真菌形态属 Mediaverrunites 

Jarzen &Elsik 1986 ex Nandi & Sinha 2007 

的新种 = New species of the Late Cenozoic 

fungal form-genus Mediaverrunites Jarzen & 

Elsik 1986 ex Nandi & Sinha 2007. ( 英文 ). 

Elsik W C; Jarzen DM. Palynology, 2009, 

33(2): 99-104 

New species of the fungal form-genus Mediaverrunites 

Jarzen & Elsik 1986 ex Nandi & 

Sinha 2007 are described from tropical to 

warm temperate Neogene strata. Mediaverrunites 

fournierii sp. nov. and Mediaverrunites 

magnus sp. nov. occur in the Lower Miocene 

of Colombia. Mediaverrunites invaginatus sp. 

nov. is from the Upper Miocene to Lower 

Pleistocene. offshore Louisiana. The formgenus 

is also represented by an apparently undescribed 

extant species Occurring in recent 

sediment. 

2010040179 

加拿大阿尔伯塔省南部 Milk River 组从桑 

顿期到坎潘期最早期 ( 晚白垩世 ) 的真菌 

化石 = Santonian To ?Earliest Campanian 

(Late Cretaceous) fungi from the Milk River 

Formation, Southern Alberta, Canada. ( 英文 ). 

Kalgutkar R M; Braman D R. Palynology, 

2008, 32(39-61): 39-61 

During a detailed palynological study of the 

Milk River Formation in southern Alberta, 

Canada, it diverse and well-preserved assemblage 

of fungi including dispersed fungal 

spores and isolated fragments of microthyriaceous 

Fruiting bodies were encountered and 

these are described. Based on ammonites, 

magnetostratigraphy, and palynomorphs, these 

strata are dated as latest Santonian to ?earliest 

Campanian (Late Cretaceous). This palynomorph 

assemblage represents one of the few 

documented occurrences of fungi of this age. 

Eighteen genera of fungal spores and three of 

microthyriaceous thyriothecia, comprising 45 

species are recorded. The fungal assemblage is 

characterized by species of toruloid spores in 

chains, and cylindrical spores belonging to 

Dicelloesporites. Diporicellaesporites. 

Phiricellaesporites, Reduviasporonites, and 

Scolecosporites that mainly occur its saprophytes 

today. Helicoid spores belonging to 

Involutisporonites and Poragratiatisporites are 

also represented and these generally occur in 

marshy and swamp-like conditions in in open 

environment mainly characterized by taxodiaceous 

forest. Microthyriaceous thyriothecia 

ire represented by several specimens of Asterothyrites 

menonii, Phraginothyrites eocaenicus, 

and Trichothyrites sp. Although the assemblage 

consists of diverse fungal taxa, the 

dispersed spores and fruiting structures are not 

abundant, and only a few scattered specimens 

for many species were recorded. One reason 

for the low frequency may have been the unfavorable 

paleoenvironmental conditions 

which prevailed in these marine to nearshore 

terrestrial depositional settings. In spite of the 

low abundances, it is thought that documentation 

of the fungal Occurrences in these strata 

will be of importance in future biostratigraphic 

and evolutionary Studies of fungi. 

Many of the fungal species encountered are 

distinctive and probably restricted stratigraphicafly, 

being different from those recorded 

from the better documented Paleogene/Neogene 

assemblages,and may prove to 

be biostratigraphically useful. 

地衣植物与苔藓植物 

2010040180 

53

以 Lobatiriccardia 属为重点的苔类植物绿 

片苔科 ( 地钱植物门叉苔目 ) 演化新观点 

= New insights in the evolution of the liverwort 

family Aneuraceae (Metzgeriales, Marchantiophyta), 

with emphasis on the genus 

Lobatiriccardia. ( 英文 ). Preussing M; Olsson 

S; Schafer-Verwimp A; Wickett N J; Wicke S; 

Quandt D; Nebel M. Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 

1424-1440 

Phylogenetic analyses using two fast evolving 

plastid markers (rps4, trnL-F) reveal the 

occurrence of the Austral-asiatic liverwort 

genus Lobatiriccardia in the Neotropics. Two 

new species, Lobatiriccardia oberwinkleri and 

L. verdoornioides are reported from Ecuador. 

Phylogenetic reconstructions support Lobatiriccardia 

and Aneura as monophyletic sister 

groups and do not place Verdoornia as the 

first branching Aneuracean taxon but rather 

sister to Aneura and Lobatiriccardia, which is 

consistent with mycothallus development in 

Aneuraceae. Subsequently, Aneuraceae, as 

treated here, include Aneura, Lobatiriccardia, 

Riccardia, and Verdoornia. Although high 

levels of genetic structure can be observed 

among members of the Aneura pinguis complex, 

current species delimitations are questionable, 

and detailed analyses of cryptic 

speciation and biogeographic patterns are 

needed to understand the evolution of Aneura, 

with particular attention paid to the nonphotosynthetic 

species Aneura mirabilis. Ancestral 

state reconstructions suggest an evolutionary 

trend of female gametangia, and subsequently 

the sporophyte, moving from a central 

position on the dorsal side of the thallus 

(Verdoornia) to a marginal position between 

thallus lobes (Lobatiriccardia) to a more ventral 

(quasi latero-ventral) position under the 

thallus margin (Aneura). 

蕨类植物 ( 广义 ) 

2010040181 

中国云南早泥盆世 ( 布拉格期 ) 植物新属 

种 Hueberia zhichangensis = Hueberia 

Zhichangensis gen. et sp nov, an Early Devonian 

(Pragian) Plant From Yunnan, China. ( 英 

文 ). Yang N; Li C S; Edwards D. Palynology, 

2009, 33(1): 113-124 

An Early Devonian (Pragian) plant, Hueberia 

zhichangensis gen. et sp. nov., is described 

from the Posongchong Formation, Wenshan 

district of southern Yunnan, China. It is characterized 

by steins < 2 mm wide and closely 

helically-arranged enations. A creeping habit 

is Suggested due to K-type branching. No fertile 

organs are preserved. Hueberia gen. nov. 

resembles Drepanophycus and Kaidangiophyton, 

but is much smaller and has a more regular 

phyllotaxy. 

2010040182 

南极洲双扇蕨科 Clathropteris Brongniart 

属叶化石的首次记录及其与 Polyphacelus 

stormensis 的关系 = The first record of the 

dipterid fern leaf Clathropteris Brongniart 

from Antarctica and its relation to Polyphacelus 

stormensis Yao, Taylor et Taylor nov 

emend.. ( 英文 ). Bomfleur B; Kerp H. Review 

of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2010, 

160(3-4): 143-153 6 图版 . 

We here present newly discovered dipterid 

fern fossils from the Lower Jurassic of the 

Transantarctic Mountains. Impression / compression 

specimens can be assigned to 

Clathropteris meniscoides Brongniart. This is 

the first record of C meniscoides from the 

Southern Hemisphere and one of only very 

few Gondwana occurrences of Clathropteris. 

In addition, newly discovered material of 

Polyphacelus stormensis Yao, Taylor et Taylor, 

an anatomically preserved dipterid fern, 

provides compelling evidence that it represents 

permineralizations of C meniscoides. 

New fertile material of Polyphacelus enables 

an emendation of genus and species diagnosis 

to include additional details, i.e., a quadriseriate 

sporangial stalk, a continuous annulus span 

and vertical to slightly oblique orientation of 

the annulus, and trilete spores. As in several 

other anatomically preserved fossil dipterid 

ferns, the combination of fertile characters 

appears intermediate between those of the extant 

genera Dipteris Reinwardt and Cheiropleuria 

Presl. The Antarctic fern Clathropteris/Polyphacelus 

grew under very unstable 

environmental conditions with high volcanic 

activity. Sedimentological data and cooccurring 

plant fossils suggest that this dipterid 

usually formed part of the herbaceous 

understorey in an open, bennettitaleandominated 

vegetation, but became locally 

dominant in pioneering communities that 

colonized freshly exposed habitats, e.g., after 

catastrophic volcanic events. It is generally 

assumed that fossil dipterid ferns grew in subtropical 

to tropical climatic regimes similar to 

their extant relatives. However, palaeoclimatic 

reconstructions indicate that the East Antarctic 

dipterid ferns apparently flourished in a cooltemperate 

biome in the continental interior of 

southern Gondwana. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

All rights reserved. 

54

2010040183 

南极洲东部维多利亚岛北部晚三叠世二叉 

羊齿属的多样性 = Dicroidium diversity in 

the Upper Triassic of north Victoria Land, 

East Antarctica. ( 英文 ). Bomfleur B; Kerp H. 

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 

2010, 160(3-4): 67-101 25 图版 . 

We describe an assemblage of well-preserved, 

cuticle-bearing plant compressions collected 

from a single bed in the Upper Triassic of 

Timber Peak, East Antarctica. The flora is 

dominated by the seed fern Dicroidium, a 

morphogenus that is widespread and usually 

dominant in Middle to Late Triassic plant assemblages 

throughout Gondwana. Despite its 

common occurrence, the systematic classification 

of Dicroidium and its individual species 

remains problematic. This study demonstrates 

that a combination of macromorphological 

and cuticular features enables a suitable discrimination 

of Dicroidium species. The present 

Dicroidium assemblage is remarkably 

diverse and dominated by D. elongatum with 

subordinate proportions of D. odontopteroides, 

D. crassinervis, and a new species provisionally 

named D. sp. A. In addition, D. dubium, 

D. spinifolium, and D. coriaceum occur sporadically. 

We reinstitute D. spinifolium and 

propose an emended diagnosis. Other taxa 

present include putative bryophyte remains, 

Lepidopteris langlohensis, and Heidiphyllum 

elongatum. Another collection of plant fossils 

from a second plant-bearing horizon at Timber 

Peak consists of fragmentary remains of 

Cladophlebis sp. and H. elongatum. Epidermal 

and cuticular features of the Dicroidium 

fronds suggest that this flora flourished under 

favourable climatic conditions, although it 

was situated at latitudes of about 70 degrees S 

and must have experienced long annual periods 

of darkness during the austral winter. The 

cuticles studied point to a short leaf lifespan 

and very high photosynthetic performance of 

Dicroidium fronds. We suggest that this leaf 

phenology has facilitated the Dicroidium 

plants to colonize the polar latitudes of the 

Triassic greenhouse world so successfully. (C) 


2010040184 

乔木状石松类植物通气组织的功能 : 未知 

代谢策略的证据 = The function of the aerenchyma 

in arborescent lycopsids: evidence of 

an unfamiliar metabolic strategy. ( 英文 ). 

Green W A. Proceedings of the Royal Society 

B: Biological Sciences, 2010, 277(1692): 

2257-2267 

Most species of the modern family Isoëtaceae 

(Quillworts) some other modern hydrophytes, 

use a metabolic pathway for carbon 

fixation that involves uptake of sedimentary 

carbon and enrichment of CO 2 in internal gas 

spaces as a carbon-concentrating mechanism. 

This metabolism, which is related to ‘aquatic 

CAM’, is characterized by morphological, 

physiological and biochemical adaptations for 

decreasing photorespirative loss, aerating 

roots and maintaining high growth rates in 

anoxic, oligotrophic, stressed environments. 

Some of the closest relatives of the Isoëtaceae 

were the ‘arborescent lycopsids’, which were 

among the dominant taxa in the coal swamps 

found in lowland ecosystems during the Carboniferous 

and Permian periods (approx. 300 

Ma). Morphological, ecological and geochemical 

evidence supports the hypothesis 

that the arborescent lycopsids had an unusual 

metabolism similar to that of modern Isoëtaceae 

and processed a biogeochemically significant 

proportion of organically fixed carbon 

over a period of about 100 million years in the 

late Palaeozoic. The temporal coincidence 

between the dominance of plants with this metabolism 

and an anomalous global atmosphere 

(high O 2 ; low CO 2 ) supports the idea that biosphere 

feedbacks are important in regulating 

global climatic homeostasis. The potential 

influence of this metabolism on the global 

carbon cycle and its specific adaptive function 

suggest that it should perhaps be considered a 

fourth major photosynthetic pathway. 

早期种子植物 

2010040185 

以法国和德国 Odontopteris brardii( 种子 

蕨类 ? 髓木目 ) 角质层重建宾夕法尼亚晚 

期的 CO2 水平 = Reconstruction of Late 

Pennsylvanian CO2 levels based on Odontopteris 

brardii (Pteridospermopsida, ?Medlosales) 

cuticles from France and Germany. ( 英文 ). 

Vording B; Krings M; Kerp H. Neues Jahrbuch 

fur Geologie u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 

2009, 254(3): 359-372 

Stomatal density and index of fossil seed 

plants are today routinely used as proxies in 

the reconstruction of palaeoatmospheric CO2 

levels.The value of late Palaeozoic pteridosperm 

stomatal indices as climate proxies 

remains incompletely understood because 

these plants lack close extant relatives that 

could be used for comparison. Cuticles of 

Odontopteris brardii from two coeval but 

55

geographically and ecologically disparate late 

Stephanian B sites, i. e. Reisbach and Blanzy- 

Montceau, were analyse. 

裸子植物 

2010040186 

华南广西渐新世三尖杉一新种及其伴生的 

叶上着生的真菌 = A new Cephalotaxus and 

associated epiphyllous fungi from the Oligocene 

of Guangxi, South China. ( 英文 ). Shi G 

L; Zhou Z Y; Xie Z M. Review of Palaeobotany 

and Palynology, 2010, 161(3-4): 

179-195 11 图版 . 

Cephalotaxus ningmingensis sp. nov. is described 

from the Oligocene Ningming Formation 

of Guangxi, South China on the basis of 

leafy shoots and detached leaves with well 

preserved cuticle. This is the first fossil record 

of Cephalotaxus in the low latitude tropical 

area. The new species has been compared with 

living and other fossil species hitherto described 

of the genus. It is most similar to the 

living Cephalotaxus oliveri Masters and 

Cephalotaxus bonseri (Knowlton) Chaney et 

Axelrod from the Miocene of Spokane, North 

America in leaf gross morphology and epidermal 

characters. A cladistic analysis based 

on epidermal characters is made for all described 

fossil species of the genus Cephalotaxus, 

with Thomasiocladus zamioides Florin, 

which is believed to be the earliest reliable 

fossil of Cephalotaxaceae, as an out-group. 

The analysis shows that fossil species of 

Cephalotaxus may be divided into three phylogenetic 

groups and the group containing C. 

ningmingensis is basal in the genus. The presence 

of the epiphyllous fungus Callimothallus 

pertusus Dilcher on leaves of C. ningmingensis 

likely indicates a humid climate during the 

Oligocene in Guangxi. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. 

All rights reserved. 

被子植物 

2010040187 

哥伦比亚古代新热带雨林的天南星科化石 

= Araceous fossils from an ancient Neotropical 

rainforest of Colombia. ( 英文 ). Herrera F 

A; Jaramillo C; Dilcher D; Wing S. Palynology, 

2008, 32(): 261-261 

2010040188 

基于三种分子标记物和微形态学特征研究 

地中海 Anthemis s.I. 属 ( 菊科 , 春黄菊 

族 ) 分子系统学和新分类 = A molecular 

phylogeny and a revised classification of the 

Mediterranean genus Anthemis s.I. (Compositae, 

Anthemideae) based on three molecular 

markers and micromorphological characters. 

( 英文 ). Lo Presti R M; Oppolzer S; Oberprieler 

C. Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 1441-1456 

A molecular phylogeny including c. 75% of 

all known species belonging to the closely 

related genera Anthemis and Cola (Compositae, 

Anthemideae) and based on nucleotide 

sequences from two plastid regions (psbAtroll 

and trnC-petN spacers) and one nuclear 

marker (ITS) is presented. The molecular 

analyses were supplemented by a multivariate 

analysis of 25 micromorphological and anatomical 

characters. The results show incongruences 

among plastid and nuclear marker 

sets, which indicate that hybridisation may 

have played an important role in the evolution 

of this morphologically diverse plant group. 

However, molecular and morphological data 

both support a sister-group relationship between 

four perennial species (A. calcarea, A. 

fruticulosa, A. marschalliana, A. trotzkiana) 

and the main clades of Cota and Anthemis. 

We propose segregation of these from Anthemis 

as a new genus, Archanthemis. With 

the exclusion of these four taxa, both the 

nrDNA and the cpDNA datasets support the 

monophyly of Anthemis. Further molecular 

and morphological evidence is provided for 

the generic independence of the genus Cola. 

The traditional infrageneric classifications of 

Anthemis and Cola are not entirely supported 

by the phylogenetic analyses as a picture of 

intense reticulate evolution among the different 

lineages emerges. 

2010040189 

Kohautia 属 ( 茜草科钮扣草族 ) 的分子系 

统学和形态学研究及新属 Cordylostigma 

的建立 = Molecular phylogenetic and morphological 

study of Kohautia (Spermacoceae, 

Rubiaceae), with the recognition of the new 

genus Cordylostigma. ( 英文 ). Groeninckx I; 

Ochoterena H; Smets E; Dessein S. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 1457-1471 

Kohautia Cham. & Schltdl. belongs to the 

predominantly herbaceous Rubiaceae tribe 

Spermacoceae. Species of Kohautia can easily 

be distinguished from other Spermacoceae by 

their monomorphic short-styled flowers in 

which anthers and stigma are included in the 

corolla tube, with the stigma always positioned 

below the anthers. Mainly because of 

this unique floral morphology. Kohautia was 

considered to be a distinct genus. Molecular 

data (atpB-rbcL, petD, rps16, trnL-trnF, ETS, 

ITS) confirm that the genus is biphyletic. Two 

56

distantly related clades correspond to the subgenera 

Kohautia and Pachystigma Bremek. A 

similar type of floral organisation thus seems 

to have evolved twice independently, resulting 

in similar, but distantly related lineages. In 

order to translate the biphyletic nature of Kohautia 

into a formal classification, the two 

subgenera are recognized at generic level. A 

substitute name, Cordylostigma Groeninckx & 

Dessein is proposed for K. subg. Pachystigma 

because of the existence of Pachystigma 

Hochst. in the Rubiaceae tribe Vanguerieae. 

Floral, pollen and seed characters were studied 

to morphologically characterize Kohautia s.str. 

and Cordylostigma. By optimizing pollination 

syndromes and pollen characters onto the molecular 

phylogeny, we investigated pollination 

shifts and pollen evolution within the two 

genera. Detailed floral morphological studies 

show that the nectar guides in the psychophilous 

species of Kohautia s.str. and Cordylostigma 

evolved in different ways but result 

in the same visual effect. 

2010040190 

对燕麦属二倍体物种和多倍体母系染色体 

组的种系发生学调查 = Phylogenetic investigation 

of Avena diploid species and the maternal 

genome donor of Avena polyploids. ( 英 

文 ). Peng Y Y; Wei Y M; Baum B R; Jiang Q 

T; Lan X J; Dai S F; Zheng Y L. Taxon, 2010, 

59(5): 1472-1482 

We investigated the species and genome relationships 

among 82 Avena accessions representing 

thirteen diploid species (A and C genomes), 

six tetraploids (AB and AC genomes) 

and four hexaploids (ACD genome) to infer 

the evolutionary pathways in Avena using the 

plastid matK gene and the trnL-F region. The 

matK and trnL-F sequences pointed to the A- 

genome diploid species as maternal parents of 

the polyploid species. Furthermore, different 

A-genome diploid species might have served 

as the A genome donor of several different 

polyploid species. The probable ancestor of 

most hexaploid species, of the AC-genome 

tetraploids, and of the A B-genome species A. 

agadiriana was A. wiestii (A(s) genome). The 

likely donor of the other three AB-genome 

tetraploids was A. hirtula (also A(s) genome) 

and A. damascena (A(d) genome) appears to 

be the A genome donor of the hexaploid A. 

fatua. The A genome origin of A. fatua differs 

from that for the other hexaploid Avena species, 

which is different from the common assumption 

that the hexaploid species evolved 

from a single hexaploid ancestor followed by 

gain or loss of domestication genes. Thus, 

several separate maternal lineages might be 

involved in different polyploid species. 

2010040191 

金丝桃属植物 ( 金丝桃科 ) 形态学特征的 

进化分支分析 = Cladistic analysis of morphological 

characters in Hypericum (Hypericaceae). 

( 英文 ). Nuerk N M; Blattner F R. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 1495-1507 

Hypericum is a worldwide-distributed genus 

with almost 500 species, including the 

medically used, facultative apomictic species 

H. perforatum. It is one of the few large plant 

genera for which alpha taxonomy has been 

completed and most species have been described. 

To conduct a formal cladistic analysis 

of the genus, we coded 89 morphological 

characters for all described taxa and analyzed 

the data for the species using parsimony and 

Bayesian methods. The obtained trees indicate 

that Hypericum is monophyletic if the monotypic 

genus Santomasia is included, and that 

Lianthus is its sister. The arrangement of the 

remaining genera of Hypericaceae included in 

the analysis is in congruence with molecular 

phylogenies. Within Hypericum the cladistic 

analysis revealed a basal grade containing 

Mediterranean species and three big clades 

containing most of the diversity of the genus. 

In contrast to earlier assumptions, we found 

no indication for an African origin of Hypericum, 

but assume that the genus evolved in 

what today is the Mediterranean area. Our 

phylogenies indicate a shrubby habit to be the 

ancestral state within Hypericum from which 

species with tree-like and herbaceous habit 

evolved, and that apomix is originated at least 

three times independently within the genus. 

2010040192 

分子系统学分析指示中非西部附生植物凤 

仙花科凤仙花属的两个新种的起源的新观 

点 = New insights into the origin of two new 

epiphytic Impatiens species (Balsaminaceae) 

from West Central Africa based on molecular 

phylogenetic analyses. ( 英文 ). Janssens S B; 

Fischer E; Stevart T. Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 

1508-1518 

Kohautia Cham. & Schltdl. belongs to the 

predominantly herbaceous Rubiaceae tribe 

Spermacoceae. Species of Kohautia can easily 

be distinguished from other Spermacoceae by 

their monomorphic short-styled flowers in 

which anthers and stigma are included in the 

corolla tube, with the stigma always posi- 

57

tioned below the anthers. Mainly because of 

this unique floral morphology. Kohautia was 

considered to be a distinct genus. Molecular 

data (atpB-rbcL, petD, rps16, trnL-trnF, ETS, 

ITS) confirm that the genus is biphyletic. Two 

distantly related clades correspond to the subgenera 

Kohautia and Pachystigma Bremek. A 

similar type of floral organisation thus seems 

to have evolved twice independently, resulting 

in similar, but distantly related lineages. In 

order to translate the biphyletic nature of Kohautia 

into a formal classification, the two 

subgenera are recognized at generic level. A 

substitute name, Cordylostigma Groeninckx & 

Dessein is proposed for K. subg. Pachystigma 

because of the existence of Pachystigma 

Hochst. in the Rubiaceae tribe Vanguerieae. 

Floral, pollen and seed characters were studied 

to morphologically characterize Kohautia s.str. 

and Cordylostigma. By optimizing pollination 

syndromes and pollen characters onto the molecular 

phylogeny, we investigated pollination 

shifts and pollen evolution within the two 

genera. Detailed floral morphological studies 

show that the nectar guides in the psychophilous 

species of Kohautia s.str. and Cordylostigma 

evolved in different ways but result 

in the same visual effect. 

2010040193 

禾本科黍亚科四属 Agrostoidea, Megista, 

Prionitia 和 Tenera 的分支系统分析 : 再添 

两新属 Stephostachys 和 Sorengia = A phylogenetic 

evaluation of Panicum sects. 

Agrostoidea, Megista, Prionitia and Tenera 

(Panicoideae, Poaceae): Two new genera, 

Stephostachys and Sorengia. ( 英文 ). Zuloaga 

F O; Scataglini M A; Morrone O. Taxon, 2010, 

59(5): 1535-1546 

The taxonomic features of species of Panicum, 

previously classified in Panicum subg. 

Agrostoidea and Phanopyrum including sects. 

Megista, Tenera, Prionitia and Agrostoidea, 

are reviewed and compared with subg. Panicum 

and other taxa of Paniceae. All taxa, previously 

considered in these subgenera and sections, 

are now included in the new genera 

Stephostachys and Sorengia, which are based 

on morphological and molecular characters. 

Stephostachys includes one species, S. 

mertensii (Roth) Zuloaga & Morrone, ranging 

from Mexico to Argentina, while Sorengia 

comprises seven species, S. anceps (Michx.) 

Zuloaga & Morrone, S. caricoides (Nees ex 

Trim) Zuloaga & Morrone, Sorengia longifolia 

(Torr.) Zuloaga & Morrone S. petersonii 

(Hitchc. & Ekman) Zuloaga & Morrone, S. 

prionitis (Nees) Zuloaga & Morrone, S. s- 

tenodes (Griseb.) Zuloaga & Morrone, and S. 

tenet-a (Beyr. ex Trin.) Zuloaga & Morrone, 

distributed from the United States to Bolivia 

and Brazil. Affinities of the new genera with 

other genera of Paniceae are discussed. Lectotypes 

are designated for Panicum caricoides 

var. glabriusculum Doll, P. caricoides var. 

pilosum Doll, P. prionitis Nees, P. prionitis 

var. varium Kuntze, and P. stenodes Griseb. 

2010040194 

茜草科 Aleisanthieae 族 Greeniopsis 属分类 

位置的分子证据及对该属的再修订 = Molecular 

support of the classification of Greeniopsis 

Merr. in Aleisanthieae (Rubiaceae), 

with a revision of the genus. ( 英文 ). Alejandro 

GJD; Meve U; Uy M; Mouly A; Thiv M; 

Liede-Schumann S. Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 1547- 

1564 

Greeniopsis Merr. is a small genus of 

Rubiaceae endemic to the Philippines. Previously, 

no molecular data have been available 

for Greeniopsis and its taxonomic position has 

remained controversial. Based on morphology, 

the genus was tentatively included in the tribe 

Aleisanthieae (Ixoroideae) along with the 

Southeast Asian genera Aleisanthia and Aleisanthiopsis. 

To determine the taxonomic position 

of Greeniopsis and evaluate the monophyly 

of the genus, sequences of the rps16 and 

trnT-F regions of cpDNA of all seven Greeniopsis 

species were generated. Parsimony and 

Bayesian analyses of the combined plastid 

dataset strongly support the inclusion of 

Greeniopsis in Aleisanthieae as well as its 

monophyly. Woolly hairs on the abaxial leaf 

surface occur in only one Greeniopsis species 

and can no longer be regarded a synapomorphy 

of the tribe. The generic status of Aleisanthia, 

Aleisanthiopsis, and Greeniopsis is maintained. 

A revision of Greeniopsis, including a 

key to species, descriptions, distribution maps, 

and illustrations, is provided. 

2010040195 

关于兰科植物 Angraecum gracile 的鉴定、 

范围和同物异名混乱情况的校正 = Correcting 

confusion regarding the identity, circumscription 

and synonymy of Angraecum gracile 

Thouars (Orchidaceae). ( 英文 ). Droissart V; 

Lowry P P; Bosser J; Roberts D L; Stevart T. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 1578-1580 

The identity of Angraecum gracile Thouars 

and its nomenclatural history are clarified. 

Although most recently assigned to 

Chamaeangis, the fragmentary type is best 

58

placed in Angraecum, as indicated by the 

drawing and the table accompanying 

Thouars's description. To date this Mauritian 

endemic is known only from the type; three 

specimens previously associated with it by 

Finet from the Comoro Islands and La Reunion 

belong instead to Angraecopsis trifurca 

(Rchb. f.) Schltr. 

2010040196 

哥廷根发现在柏林 ( 二战 ) 轰炸中遗失的 

茄科茄属植物的模式标本 = Lost Berlin (B) 

types of Solanum (Solanaceae) found in Gottingen 

(GOET). ( 英文 ). Vorontsova M S; 

Knapp S. Taxon, 2010, 59(5): 1585-1601 

The type specimens of the names of many 

taxa were destroyed in the bombing of the 

Berlin herbarium (B) in March 1943. The taxonomy 

of African Solanum has been clogged 

for many years with the absence of type 

specimens for names published in the 1920s 

by the German botanist Georg Bitter, many of 

which were in Berlin and for which duplicates 

have not been found despite extensive 

searches by several generations of botanists. 

Recent examination of the collections in 

GOET, where Bitter spent the last few years 

of his life as director, has revealed a rich 

source of material with which to address typification 

problems in African Solanum. This 

consists of delicate tracings of herbarium 

specimens from B that are no longer extant, 

often accompanied by small fragments removed 

from the original specimens. Here we 

use this collection and other extant material to 

typify 37 names in African Solanum (S. acutilobatum 

Dammer, S. alloiophyllum Dammer S. 

alloiophyllum Dammer subsp. machisuguense 

Bitter, S. darassumense Dammer, S. eickii 

Dammer, S. filicaule Dammer, 

S.floccosistellatum Bitter, S. gilo Raddi var. 

ellipsoideum Bitter, S. gilo Raddi var. erectifructum 

Bitter, S. gilo Raddi subsp. megalacanthum 

Bitter, S. glochidiatum Dam mer, S. 

indicum L. subsp. ambifarium Bitter, S. kitivuense 

Dammer, S. lachneion Dam mer, S. 

lamprocarpum Bitter, S. longestamineum 

Dammer, S. magdalenae Dammer, S. maranguense 

Bitter, S. merkeri Dammer var. endastrophorum 

Bitter, S. merkeri Dammer 

subsp. millions Bitter, S. merkeri Dammer var. 

ruandense Bitter, S. monotanthum Dammer, S. 

mulliglandulosum Bitter, S. neumannii Dammer, 

S. nigriviolaceum Bitter, S. nossibeense 

Vatke var. elongatius Bitter, S. poggei Dammer, 

S. scheffleri Dammer, S. setaceum 

Dammer, S. setaceum Dammer var. irakuanum 

Bitter, S. stipitatostellatum Dam mer, 

S. tabocicolor Dammer, S. taitense Vatke, S. 

tanganikense Bitter, S. urosepalum Dammer, 

S. usaramense Dammer, S. verbascifrons Bitter); 

27 of these were thought to lack types 

prior to this study. 

2010040197 

乳草类植物 ( 夹竹桃科 Secamonoideae 亚 

科及 Asclepiadoideae 亚科 ) 的系统位置 : 

来自细胞核和叶绿体的分子系统学分析证 

据 = The phylogenetic position of milkweeds 

(Apocynaceae subfamilies Secamonoideae 

and Asclepiadoideae): Evidence from the nucleus 

and chloroplast. ( 英文 ). Livshultz T. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(4): 1016-1030 

The nuclear gene phytochrome A (PHYA) 

from 71 species of crown clade Apocynaceae 

(subfamilies Asclepiadoideae, Secamonoideae, 

Periplocoideae, and four lineages of Apocynoideae) 

and outgroups is used to (1) test the 

chloroplast phylogeny that places the African 

tribe Baisseeae, with solitary pollen grains, as 

sister to the pollinia-bearing milkweeds (Secamonoideae 

plus Asclepiadoideae); (2) resolve 

the position of tetrad-bearing Periplocoideae, 

the proposed milkweed sister group 

based on morphology; (3) place the enigmatic 

Dewevrella; and (4) clarify relationships of 

the three other primary crown clade lineages: 

Rhabdadenia, New World clade, and Asian 

clade. Separate analyses of PHYA and chloroplast 

sequences agree in placing an African 

monad-bearing clade (Baisseeae plus 

Dewevrella) as the sister group of the milkweeds. 

Combined PHYA and chloroplast 

datasets under parsimony and maximum likelihood 

reject Periplocoideae as the milkweed 

sister group with statistical significance. 

Rhabdadenia is placed as sister to the rest of 

the crown clade, consistent with aspects of its 

floral morphology and wood anatomy, but 

without statistical support. Other relationships 

among the primary crown clade Apocynaceae 

lineages are also not supported statistically, 

but power analysis indicates that four to eight 

times as many characters (26,376-52,752 

aligned positions) will be sufficient for a robust 

estimate. 

2010040198 

水牛角属 ( 夹竹桃科 ) 的分支系统学关系 

= Phylogenetic relationships of Caralluma R. 

Br. (Apocynaceae). ( 英文 ). Bruyns P V; al 

Farsi A; Hedderson T. Taxon, 2010, 59(4): 

1031-1043 

59

In this paper we investigate phylogenetic 

relationships for Carcinoma R. Br. (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae-Ceropegieae), 

the largest 

genus among the stapeliads, using analyses 

of data from four molecular markers: two 

plastid regions psbA-trnH and trnT-F and two 

nuclear regions ITS and ncpGS. Our analyses 

show that the stapeliads consist of two lineages, 

with Caralluma dominating one of these 

lineages. Within this lineage, Carcinoma is not 

monophyletic, with its species distributed 

among two major clades. One of these clades 

contains species of Caralluma and representatives 

of Anomalluma Plowes, Echidnopsis 

Hook. f. and Rhytidocaulon P.R.O. Bally, 

while in the other clade the small genera 

Edithcolea N.E. Br., Frerea Dalz. and Pseudolithos 

P.R.O. Bally are embedded among 

species of Caralluma. We discuss morphological 

features that characterize some of the 

clades. Caralluma is mainly paleotropical in 

its distribution and is the most widely distributed 

group among the stapeliads, from the Canary 

Islands in Macaronesia to the Indian subcontinent. 

We show that the Indian subcontinent 

has been invaded four times by species of 

Caralluma, while its greatest diversity is found 

in North-East Africa and southern Arabia. 

2010040199 

从细胞核和质体 DNA 序列推出具有辐射对 

称型花的唇柱苣苔属的起源和种系发生学 

关系 = Origin and phylogenetic relationships 

of the Old World Gesneriaceae with actinomorphic 

flowers inferred from ITS and trnLtrnF 

sequences. ( 英文 ). Wang Y Z; Liang R H; 

Wang B H; Li J M; Qiu Z J; Li Z Y; Weber A. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(4): 1044-1052 

The phylogenetic placement of the Old 

World Gesneriaceae genera Ramonda, Conandron, 

Bournea, Thamnocharis, and Tengia, all 

characterized by actinomorphic flowers, has 

been the subject of much debate. Actinomorphy 

in Gesneriaceae is rare, with most species 

exhibiting zygomorphic flowers. The actinomorphic 

genera have historically been considered 

"primitive" and lumped in the tribe 

Ramondeae separate from the remaining Old 

World Gesneriaceae. In this study, we used 

nuclear (ITS) and plastid (trnL-F) DNA for 

molecular phylogenetic analysis of these five 

genera along with representative species 

across the Cyrtandroideae. Our results show 

that the actinomorphic genera are scattered 

over several otherwise zygomorphic clades 

within Cyrtandroideae, and along with previous 

data, indicate that Ramondeae is an unnatural 

group. Floral actinomorphy has 

evolved convergently in different alliances of 

Old World Gesneriaceae. Ramonda is sister to 

Haberlea. Bournea is apparently paraphyletic, 

Conandron seems rather isolated, and Tengia 

is close to Petrocodon and sister to a group of 

Chirita sect. Gibbosaccus together with Calcareoboea. 

We hypothesize that the evolution 

from zygomorphy to actinomorphy with novel 

combinations of characters is possibly due to 

shifts in pollination strategies, such as a 

switch from nectar- to pollen-rewards. 

2010040200 

线粒体 cox1 区内含子序列对兰花 ( 兰科 ) 

种系发生学的贡献 : 兰花内含子的分布和 

序列也能告诉我们演化的讯息吗 ? = Contribution 

of mitochondrial cox1 intron sequences 

to the phylogenetics of tribe Orchideae 

(Orchidaceae): Do the distribution and 

sequence of this intron in orchids also tell us 

something about its evolution?. ( 英文 ). Inda L 

A; Pimentel M; Chase M W. Taxon, 2010, 

59(4): 1053-1064 

In this paper, we use the mitochondrial region 

cox1 to assess the usefulness of this 

marker in addressing evolutionary relationships 

within the tribe Orchideae. Despite the 

low overall variation uncovered in this region, 

one good phylogenetic marker was identified. 

A large group I intron was shared across subtribe 

Orchidinae and some species of Habenariinae 

sensu Dressler. The clades identified 

in the cox1 tree were weakly supported, 

but consistent with previous studies based on 

nuclear ribosomal spacers (nrITS). Moreover, 

the phylogenetic analysis of the combined 

cox-HITS data matrix allowed us to highly 

improve the resolution of the ITS-only analysis 

and confirm several previously controversial 

relationships. A second purpose of this 

study was to analyse the evolution of the 

group I cox1 intron in Orchideae. This intron 

has a patchy distribution in angiosperms that 

has been claimed to be mostly due to horizontal 

transfer events. Our results suggest that, 

despite the differences observed in the coconversion 

tracts in the tribe, vertical transfer 

is more consistent with the observed phylogenetic 

trees. 

2010040201 

薄荷族 ( 唇形科 ) 种系发生学 : 分子和微 

形态特征的证据 = Phylogeny of tribe Mentheae 

(Lamiaceae): The story of molecules and 

micromorphological characters. ( 英文 ). Moon 

60

H K; Smets E; Huysmans S. Taxon, 2010, 

59(4): 1065-1076 

Mentheae are the largest tribe in the family 

Lamiaceae and economically important, including 

herbs like mint, sage and thyme. The 

evolutionary history of this tribe was reconstructed 

based on ITS and trnL-trnF spacer 

sequence data of 71 species, representing. 47 

out of 65 genera. The resulting phylogeny was 

used to analyse the distribution of selected 

morphological characteristics such as sexine 

ornamentation of pollen, nutlet shape with 

existence of abscission scar and its form, and 

trichome types. Two monophyletic groups are 

recognized, which largely correspond to the 

current subtribal circumscription. Subtribe 

Salviinae is monophyletic, including the genus 

Melissa which was a genus of uncertain affinity 

in Mentheae. Subtribe Menthinae is not 

monophyletic since Cleonia, Horminum, Hyssopus, 

Lycopus and Prunella are more closely 

related with subtribe Nepetinae. Although we 

could not detect any morphological synapomorphies 

for each clade, morphological variation 

seems to be correlated with the molecular 

phylogeny. A circular abscission scar without 

distinct lateral areole occurred mainly in 

Salviinae, while the majority of the species of 

Mentheae and Nepetinae had a clear areole at 

the abscission scar. In addition, a reticulate 

sexine ornamentation is rather common in the 

Menthinae clade. 

2010040202 

芒柄花属 ( 豆科 ) 的形态学特征及种系发生学 

关系和演化 = Phylogenetic relationships and 

evolution of morphological characters in 

Ononis L. (Fabaceae). ( 英文 ). Turini FG; 

Brauchler C; Heubl G. Taxon, 2010, 59(4): 

1077-1090 

Ononis L. (Fabaceae, Papilionoideae) is a 

common genus in the circum-Mediterranean 

region. To infer phylogenetic relationships, 69 

Ononis species were analyzed using plastid 

trnL-F and nuclear ITS DNA sequences. Trees 

resulting from maximum parsimony analysis 

and Bayesian inference provide evidence that 

Ononis is monophyletic but contradict the traditional 

subgeneric division in O. sects. 

Ononis and Natrix. However, many of the 22 

subsections of the genus are well supported by 

the molecular data. Phylogenetic reconstructions 

indicate five major lineages within the 

genus, which are morphologically supported 

by peduncle length and flower color, characters 

which also confirm the polyphyly suggested 

for O. subsect. Reclinatae. Ononis subsects. 

Antiquae and Rhodanthae form a basally 

branching monophylum, confirming the 

findings of previous studies. An examination 

of the life strategies dominant in different 

clades and the climatic conditions in the habitats 

of the species in the light of the molecular 

data suggests that O. subsects. Ononis, Mauritanicae 

and Canariensis are secondarily perennial, 

with the latter two serving as examples of 

high altitude woodiness and insular woodiness. 

2010040203 

由细胞核淀粉合成酶基因和质体 psbAtrnH, 

rpl32-trnL 和 rps16 内含子 DNA 序 

列推断竹属和它的同类 ( 禾本科 : 竹亚 

科 ) 的种系发生学关系 = Phylogeny of 

Bambusa and its allies (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) 

inferred from nuclear GBSSI gene 

and plastid psbA-trnH, rpl32-trnL and rps16 

intron DNA sequences. ( 英文 ). Yang J B; 

Yang H Q; Li D Z; Wong K M; Yang Y M. 

Taxon, 2010, 59(4): 1102-1110 

Phylogenetic relationships among core taxa 

of the paleotropical bamboo clade placed in 

subtribe Bambusinae, comprising Bambusa s.l. 

(including Bambusa s.str. and its subgenera 

Leleba and Lingnania) and its allies (including 

Dendrocalamopsis, Dendrocalamus, Gigantochloa, 

Melocalamus and Thyrsostachys), 

and with Neosinocalamus and Oxytenanthera, 

were examined by separate and combined 

cladistic analyses of the nuclear GBSSI gene 

and plastid psbA-trnH, rpl32-trnL and rps16 

intron sequences using maximum parsimony 

and Bayesian inference analyses. The taxa 

were strongly supported as a monophyletic 

group, which represents subtribe Bambusinae. 

Melocalamus and Thyrsostachys were confirmed 

as good genera. In the combined analysis, 

Bambusa s.l. and Dendrocalamopsis 

formed one of two clades with reasonable 

support, and Dendrocalamus clustered with 

Gigantochloa, Neosinocalamus and Oxytenanthera 

in the other. The topology also identified 

several taxa that were misplaced in Bambusa 

or Dendrocalamus. Sinocalamus (currently a 

subgenus of Dendrocalamus) appeared to be 

heterogeneous and contained taxa allied to 

Bambusa or Dendrocalamus. Except for 

Oxytenanthera, the alliance of Bambusa and 

allies appeared well characterized by a 

broadly conical, solid and typically hairy 

ovary summit. The taxonomic significance of 

rachilla and floret characters, considered useful 

in distinguishing subsets of genera, remains 

uncertain. 

61

2010040204 

竹芋科兜状退化雄蕊的个体发育和种系发 

生分异 = Ontogenetic and phylogenetic diversification 

of the hooded staminode in Marantaceae. 

( 英文 ). Pischtschan E; Ley A C; 

Classen-Bockhoff R. Taxon, 2010, 59(4): 

1111-1125 

The flowers of Marantaceae are known for 

their unique pollination mechanism mediated 

by an explosive style movement. The mechanism 

is based on the highly modified elements 

of the inner androecial whorl, i.e., the single 

half-fertile anther and the fleshy and hooded 

staminodes. We investigated 67 species across 

24 genera to elucidate which parts of the 

hooded staminode are shared by all species, 

thus likely under strong selection pressure, 

and which are allowed to vary. We treated 

hooded staminodes as character syndromes 

and grouped them based on gross similarities. 

We identified characters underlying the similarity 

and investigated their diversity and developmental 

pathways. All hooded staminodes 

correspond in their general morphology, development 

and vascularisation, suggesting 

they are homologous. Variable proportions, 

differential growth and the formation of secondary 

structures result in a diversity of morphologies. 

The hooded staminodes can be 

grouped into ten distinct types. These morphological 

types are in accordance with the accepted 

clades of the family indicating their 

phylogenetic significance. The early diverging 

clades are characterised by stiff and elaborate 

staminode structures whereas in more distantly 

diverging clades simplified forms appear. 

We conclude that elaborate structures are 

not essential to maintain the pollination 

mechanism and thus have been reduced in the 

course of evolution. 

2010040205 

古巴 Cneorum 属 ( 芸香科 ): 解答一个有 

150 年历史的谜 = Cneorum (Rutaceae) in 

Cuba? The solution to a 150 year old mystery. 

( 英文 ). Appelhans M S; Smets E; Baas P; 

Kessler PJA. Taxon, 2010, 59(4): 1126-1134 

Cneorum trimerum (Urban) Chodat is only 

known from the type specimen collected in 

1861 in eastern Cuba. The species has sometimes 

been regarded as a synonym of C. 

tricoccon L., which is otherwise confined to 

the Mediterranean. As no other Cneorum 

specimens are known from Cuba, the specimen 

is a mysterious finding with a disputed 

taxonomic rank. The goal of this study is to 

clarify the status of the Cuban specimen using 

molecular and wood anatomical data. We succeeded 

in extracting DNA out of the 150 year 

old type specimen in our ancient-DNA lab and 

amplified two chloroplast markers (atpB, 

trnL-trnF) and one nuclear marker (ITS). 

Comparison of the sequence data with several 

sequences from C. tricoccon clearly suggests 

inclusion of the Cuban specimen into the latter 

species; wood anatomical features confirm the 

molecular results. The transatlantic distribution 

of C. tricoccon is probably the result of an 

introduction in Cuba by humans. 

2010040206 

Comanthera 属 ( 谷精草科 ) 的重建和新定 

义 = Reestablishment and new circumscription 

of Comanthera (Eriocaulaceae). ( 英文 ). 

Parra L R; Giulietti A M; de Andrade MJG; 

van den Berg C. Taxon, 2010, 59(4): 1135- 

1146 

The flowers of Marantaceae are known for 

their unique pollination mechanism mediated 

by an explosive style movement. The mechanism 

is based on the highly modified elements 

of the inner androecial whorl, i.e., the single 

half-fertile anther and the fleshy and hooded 

staminodes. We investigated 67 species across 

24 genera to elucidate which parts of the 

hooded staminode are shared by all species, 

thus likely under strong selection pressure, 

and which are allowed to vary. We treated 

hooded staminodes as character syndromes 

and grouped them based on gross similarities. 

We identified characters underlying the similarity 

and investigated their diversity and developmental 

pathways. All hooded staminodes 

correspond in their general morphology, development 

and vascularisation, suggesting 

they are homologous. Variable proportions, 

differential growth and the formation of secondary 

structures result in a diversity of morphologies. 

The hooded staminodes can be 

grouped into ten distinct types. These morphological 

types are in accordance with the accepted 

clades of the family indicating their 

phylogenetic significance. The early diverging 

clades are characterised by stiff and elaborate 

staminode structures whereas in more distantly 

diverging clades simplified forms appear. 

We conclude that elaborate structures are 

not essential to maintain the pollination 

mechanism and thus have been reduced in the 

course of evolution. 

2010040207 

62

紫茉莉科新分类 = A new tribal classification 

of Nyctaginaceae. ( 英文 ). Douglas N; Spellenberg 

R. Taxon, 2010, 59(3): 905-910 

Recent phylogenetic work shows that existing 

tribal concepts within Nyctaginaceae are incompatible 

with the principle of recognizing 

monophyletic taxa. We review the history of 

supergeneric classification in Nyctaginaceae, 

clarify issues pertaining to priority of certain 

generic names, and discuss the application of 

the conserved family name to the tribe 

Nyctagineae. Pisoniella and Phaeoptilum are 

moved from tribe Nyctagineae to Pisonieae 

and Bougainvilleeae, respectively, while tribe 

Abronieae, containing Abronia and Tripterocalyx, 

is submerged into Nyctagineae. Two 

distinctive genera, Caribea and Colignonia, 

are assigned to their own tribes, recognizing 

both their uniqueness and the uncertainty of 

their phylogenetic relationships. Finally, subtribes 

are not recognized in tribe Nyctagineae. 

Updated descriptions are provided for each 

tribe and one new tribe, Caribeaeae Douglas 

& Spellenberg, is recognized. Plant habit and 

general geographic distribution seem to be at 

least as pertinent as the often-homoplasious 

morphological details which had been emphasized 

in previous classifications. 

2010040208 

多明尼加琥珀中描述的金鱼藻化石应为被 

子植物花 = The fossil hornwort described 

from Dominican amber is an angiosperm 

flower. ( 英文 ). Schmidt A R; Hentschel J; 

Heinrichs J. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 

2010, 160(3-4): 209-211 1 图版 . 

Hornworts (Anthocerotophyta) are a main 

lineage of land plants but they are exceedingly 

rare as fossils. The only fossil hornwort described 

from amber has been interpreted as the 

best preserved fossil of this group. Reinvestigation 

of this fossil revealed that this Miocene 

amber inclusion represents a poorly preserved 

flower that shows some features of the Caesalpinioideae 

subfamily of the Fabaceae. (C) 


2010040209 

高卢地区铁器时代 Isatis tinctoria L.( 菘 

蓝 ) 的考古植物学新发现以及菘蓝在古代 

的使用意义的讨论 = New archaeobotanical 

finds of Isatis tinctoria L. (woad) from Iron 

Age Gaul and a discussion of the importance 

of woad in ancient time. ( 英文 ). Zech- 

Matterne Veronique; Leconte Luc. Vegetation 

History and Archaeobotany, 2010, 19(2): 137- 

142 1 图版 . 

Although chemical analyses of textile remains 

have traced the use of Isatis tinctoria L. 

(woad) back to the Neolithic period, archaeobotanical 

remains of the plant are scarce 

in north-western Europe, especially in France. 

A new discovery in the rural settlement of 

Roissy, north of Paris, raises the question of 

local cultivation of woad from at least the 

fifth-fourth century b.c. (La TSne A/B1) in 

northern Gaul. The plant assemblage comes 

from the filling of a storage pit, which also 

included a wide variety of cultivated plants. 

These data represent a valuable contribution to 

the study of the circumstances of the adoption 

of woad as a new crop. 

2010040210 

产自西地中海考古产地的最早柑橘属果实 

化石 ? 微层面 X 线照相术结果再评估 = 

The earliest remains of a Citrus fruit from a 

western Mediterranean archaeological context? 

A microtomographic-based re-assessment. ( 英 

文 ). Coubray S; Zech-Matterne V; Mazurier A. 

Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2010, 9(6-7): 277- 

282 

The discovery of the carbonized remains of 

a Citrus-like fruit in a funerary offering deposit 

dated back to the beginning of the 6th 

century BC during archaeological work run at 

Ischia, the island which hosted one among the 

earliest Greek colonies in southern Italy, has 

relaunched the question of the spread of Citrus 

through western Mediterranean during Classical 

Antiquity. Here we apply microtomography 

(SR-μCT and μCT) to investigate the inner 

structure of the archaeological specimen 

(SDC-mr.1a+b). Our high-resolution comparative 

analysis, which also considered one carbonized 

modern Citrus and a dried modern 

Sorbus domestica (true service tree) and 

Malus type sylvestris (wild apple), does not 

support the original taxonomic attribution 

(Coubray, 1996). 

古无脊椎动物学 

综论 

2010040211 

末次冰消期以来南海北部表层海水盐度变 

化 = Variation of sea surface salinity in the 

northern South China Sea since the last deglaciation. 

( 中文 ). 黄元辉 . 微体古生物学 

报 , 2008, 25(2): 125-131 

63

对南海北部 MD0522904 孔上部 0 —398 cm 

段共 152 个样品的硅藻鉴定结果进行主成 

分分析。根据主成分分析结果 , 探讨了末次 

冰消期以来南海北部表层海水盐度 (SSS) 变 

化历史 , 并分析其变化的主要原因。末次冰 

消期以来南海北部表层海水盐度呈阶段性 

变化 , 与季风降水强度变化趋势基本一致 , 表 

明季风降水强度变化可能是南海北部表层 

海水盐度变化的主要影响因素 ; 珠江冲淡水 

是南海北部表层海水盐度变化另一个比较 

重要的影响因素 , 但其影响程度在全新世中 

晚期有所减弱。末次冰消期南海北部表层 

海水盐度变化硅藻记录还明显反映了新仙 

女木 ( Younger Dryas) 这一短期气候事件 , 事 

件发生期间南海北部表层海水盐度明显上 

升 , 主要与当时季风降水明显减少有关。 

MD0522904 孔硅藻盐度记录基本可以与 

17940 孔有孔虫盐度记录相对比 , 但也存在 

一定差异 , 尤其在全新世中晚期 , 主要与两者 

代表不同盐度含义有关 , 后者代表由局地淡 

水收支变化引起的盐度变化 , 而前者代表所 

有影响因素综合作用下的盐度变化。 

原生动物 

2010040212 

土耳其埃斯基谢希尔和卡斯塔莫努地区下 

始新统有孔虫堆虫科一新属 

Cyclopertorbitolites = Cyclopertorbitolites, a 

new soritid (Foraminifera) from the Lower 

Eocene of the Eskişehir and Kastamonu regions 

(Turkey). ( 英文 ). Özgen-Erdem N. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(3): 243-252 6 

图版 . 

The Lower Eocene sediments in the southwestern 

Seyitgazi (Eskiehir) region include 

shallow[1] water rhythmic deposition of claystones, 

limestones, clayey limestones, and 

sandy limestones. The Lower Eocene unit in 

the northwestern Tosya (Kastamonu) region is 

composed of shallow[1]water limestones. 

Both units contain a new soritid foraminiferal 

genus, Cyclopertorbitolites (with the type species 

Cyclopertorbitolites tokerae sp. nov.). 

Cyclopertorbitolites tokerae gen. et sp. nov. is 

described in the Middle Ilerdian–Lower 

Cuisian sediments of Seyitgazi and in the 

Middle Ilerdian limestones of Tosya in this 

study. It is characterized by the presence of 

regular annular chambers with rectangular or 

subrectangular chamberlets at the juvenile 

stage and a porcellaneous lamina on either 

side of the test. 

2010040213 

赤道太平洋东部 ODP 845 和 1241 站位新 

近纪放射虫生物地层和动物群演化速率 = 

Neogene radiolarian biostratigraphy and faunal 

evolution rates in the eastern equatorial 

Pacific ODP Sites 845 and 1241. ( 英文 ). Kamikuri 

S-I; Motoyama I; Nishi H; Iwai M. 


713-742 

Radiolarian appearance and extinction rates 

indicate no periods of mass extinctions during 

the past 17 Ma. However, a relatively rapid 

replacement of the species in the radiolarian 

assemblages occurs near the middle-late Miocene 

boundary. This replacement event represents 

the gradual extinction of a number of 

radiolarian species and their gradual replacement 

by evolving new species. Faunal evolution 

from the middle Miocene type to late 

Miocene types occurred first, being followed 

by floral evolution. The middle-late Miocene 

boundary is not a sharp boundary for planktonic 

microfossils, but marks a time of transition 

critical for faunal and floral evolution in 

both siliceous and calcareous microfossil 

asemblages in the equatoraial Pacific Ocean. 

2010040214 

德国东南部 “Ortenburger Meeressande” 地 

区 Eggenburgian 阶底栖有孔虫的生物地层 

和古生态 = Biostratigrphy and paleoecology 

of benthic foraminifera from the Eggenburgian 

"Ortenburger Meeressande" of southeastern 

Germany (early Miocene, Paratethys). ( 英 

文 ). Pipperr M; Reichenbacher B. Neues 


2009, 254(1-2): 41-61 

A modern taxonomic and semi-quantitative 

assemssment of the benthic foraminifera from 

the "Ortenburger Meeressande" is presented 

based on well-preserved material consisting of 

5510 specimens and representing 77 different 

species from the Strass borehole and the 

Maierhof section. Lenticultina buergli is recorded 

for the first time for Eggenburgian 

sediments of the South German Molasse Basin. 

This species is interpreted as an index fossil 

for the Eggenburgian stage in the Molasse Basin, 

in Austria as well as in Soth Germany. We 

discuss the assemblages from Strass and 

Maierhof with regard to salinity, temperature, 

oxygenation, burbulence, and water depth. For 

the Strass succession we estimate a water 

depth of approximately 20-50 m, while a water 

depth lower than 20 m is suggested for the 

maierhof section. 

64

2010040215 

北部湾中部海域底质沉积物中的有孔虫 = 

Foraminifera in surface sediments of the 

Tonkin Gulf,northern south China Sea. ( 中文 ). 

李保华 ; 孔晓敏 ; 王晓燕 ; 龙江平 . 微体古生物 

学报 , 2010, 27(2): 

本文对北部湾中部海域水深 2. 4 m 到 61 

m、共计 184 个站位表层沉积物中的有孔 

虫进行研究。结果显示浮游有孔虫丰度非 

常低 , 种类也较稀少 , 仅在南侧水深较大的少 

数站位有发现 , 且含量不超过 5 %; 而底栖有 

孔虫则较丰富 , 多数样品中以含有螺旋式与 

平旋式的玻璃质壳类型为主 , 暖水或大型底 

栖有孔虫分子常见。和其它海区相较而言 , 

该海域底栖有孔虫中胶结壳类含量偏高 , 可 

能与沉积物底质颗粒较粗及海水盐度较低 

有关。该研究详细报道了底栖有孔虫主要 

属种在北部湾的分布特征。与海洋环境对 

比显示 , 水深和沉积物底质类型是影响这些 

属种平面分布的主要因素 , 而湾外温暖水团 

则是控制暖水种分子分布的另一重要因 

素。 

2010040216 

西藏岗巴地区 Cenomanian-Turonian 界线 

附近底栖有孔虫古环境指标及其古海洋学 

意义 = Benthic Foraminifera as paleoenvironmental 

indicators and their paleoceanographic 

significance around the Cenomanian- 

Turonian Boundary in Gamba, Tibet. ( 中文 ). 

贾建忠 ; 万晓樵 ; 李国彪 ; 陈河淞 . 微体古生物 

学报 , 2010, 27(2): 135-143 

在 Cenomanian/ Turonian 界线 (ca. 93 Ma) 

前后全球性的大洋缺氧背景下 , 藏南岗巴地 

区发育一套以深灰绿色 — 灰黑色钙质页 

岩、泥页岩为主夹少量灰岩透镜体的富有 

机碳沉积 , 有孔虫化石保存较好 , 含量丰富 , 其 

中底栖有孔虫在恢复古水深、底层水溶解 

氧浓度和古海洋生产力等方面具重要意 

义。C/ T 界线附近底栖有孔虫纵向上大致 

可划分为 3 个演化阶段。主要优势属种包 

括 Dorothia, Anomalinoides, Lenticulina, 

Conobina 等 , 浮游 / 底栖比率在 50 % —80 % 

之间 , 指示了水深约 100 —200 m 的 Ⅳ 2 生 

境型 ( 外陆棚 — 陆架边缘斜坡环境 ) 。底栖 

有孔虫氧指数 (BFOI) 在 - 6 —- 25 之间 , 对应 

的溶解氧含量约为 0. 7 —1. 4 ml/ L , 与时期 

其它地区相比偏低 , 属弱氧化环境。内生种 

百分含量和深内生种 / 外生种比率均指示了 

C/ T 界线附近较高的生产力水平。短期的 

海洋生产力的勃发很可能是加剧海水缺氧 

的主要原因 , 而长期的弱氧化条件的形成很 

可能是同时期一系列环境事件所导致的氧 

气供应量不足所致。 

2010040217 

西藏岗巴地区古新世 - 始新世界线地层及底 

栖大有孔虫的演替 = Turnover of Larger 

benthic Foraminifera during the Paleocene- 

Eocene stratigraphic boundary in Gamba, Tibet. 

( 中文 ). 王曦 ; 万晓樵 ; 李国彪 . 微体古生 

物学报 , 2010, 27(2): 109-117 

古新世与始新世界线 ( P/ E) 事件中底栖 

大有孔虫的绝灭 (BEE) 以及演替 (L FT) 在古 

近纪底栖大有孔虫演化过程中起着非常重 

要的作用。西藏南部岗巴地区发育有良好 

的海相界线地层 , 在宗浦 Ⅱ 剖面中 , 对底栖大 

有孔虫动物群及碳、氧稳定同位素的研究 

显示全球界线事件对该地区造成明显影 

响。在界线附近 , 底栖大有孔虫出现大量灭 

绝 , 总灭绝率达 71 % , 界线之上开始出现复 

苏 , 底栖大有孔虫的新生率为 72 %。事件过 

后 , 底栖大有孔虫 SBZ4 动物群被 SBZ5 — 

SBZ13 动物群代替 , 以古新统宗浦组的 

Miscellanea miscella , Lockhartia haimei , 

Glomal veolina primaeva 的灭绝和 

Operculina 属的消失及始新统遮普惹组 

Nummulites willcox, Alveolina ellipsoidalis 

和 Orbitolites complanatus 出 

现为特征。在古新世界线顶部 , 碳稳定同位 

素值出现明显负偏 , 峰值为 - 7. 9 ‰, 与全球 

同一时期碳稳定同位素事件表现一致 ; 氧稳 

定同位素表现则与全球事件不太相同 , 这可 

能是由于成岩作用的影响。 

2010040218 

海南岛近岸沉积物中的有孔虫特征与分布 

= Foraminiferal characteristics and distribution 

in the sea surface sediments near Hainan 

Island. ( 中文 ). 李保华 ; 王晓燕 ; 龙江平 . 微体 

古生物学报 , 2008, 25(3): 225-234 

对位于海南岛近岸 7 —170 m 水深、180 

个站位沉积物表层样的有孔虫分析表明 , 研 

究区浮游有孔虫类型较少、共发现浮游有 

孔虫 19 种 , 单个站位最多含有浮游有孔虫 

16 种 , 而且浮游有孔虫含量 ( 丰度 ) 亦较低。 

底栖有孔虫则较为丰富 , 仅在较粗砂中底栖 

有孔虫丰度相对较低。常见近 40 多个底栖 

有孔虫属种 , 多数样品中以含有螺旋式与平 

旋式玻璃质底栖有孔虫为主 , 少数样品以胶 

结壳、列式玻璃质壳或大型底栖有孔虫为 

优势特征。本研究在详细阐述了底栖有孔 

虫主要特征属种的基础上进行了有孔虫分 

区 , 从而揭示其所包含的环境意义。 

65

2010040219 

中国石炭 — 二叠纪放射虫化石带及古生物 

地理学意义 = Carboniferous—Permian radiolarian 

biozones of China and their palaeobiogeographic 

implication. ( 中文 ). 王玉净 ; 杨 

群 . 微体古生物学报 , 2007, 24(4): 337-345 

中国广西钦州地区和云南西部昌宁 — 孟 

连地区的层状硅质岩地层中发育丰富的石 

炭 — 二叠纪放射虫生物群 , 据此建立了 22 个 

连续的放射虫化石带。从晚石炭世至晚二 

叠世长兴期 , 日本西南区出现的 

Pseudoalbaillellanodosa 带至 

Neoalbaillella optima 带共 15 个放射虫 

生物带可与国同期发育的 17 个放射虫生物 

带对比 , 代表泛大洋 (Panthalassa) 沉积的部 

分日本地体和代表古特提斯洋 ( Palaeo- 

Tethys) 沉积的中国部分构造单元 , 无论在放 

射虫生物类群组分还是在化石生物带构成 

方面都非常相似。晚石炭世 — 二叠纪放射 

虫生物地层学资料证实 , 该时期地球上的两 

个大洋 ( 泛大洋和特提斯洋 ) 没有明显的分 

化 , 可能属于同一大洋体系 —— 古特提斯 

洋。 

2010040220 

泰国早二叠世与 Perrinites 菊石动物群共 

生的 verbeekinacean 蜓类 = Early Permian 

verbeekinacean Fusulinids associated with 

ammonoid Perrinites from Thailand. ( 中文 ). 

周祖仁 ;Malai Lien Gjarern. 微体古生物学 

报 , 2007, 24(4): 346-358 

泰国中南部 Saraburi 地区 Saraburi 群的 

灰岩中 , Kungurian 期的 verbeekinacean 类与 

Perrinites 菊石群在该地区的碎屑灰岩中 

共生。两种生态完全不同的生物群的共同 

存在 , 对只含单一类型化石的地层之间的区 

域地层对比有 “ 搭桥 ” 性的意义。 

2010040221 

老挝北部宾夕法尼亚纪的一个新蜓类动物 

群 = A new pennsylvanian Fusuline fauna 

from northern Laos. ( 英文 ). Kastumi 

Neno;Thasinee Charoen Titirat;Yoshihito 

Kama Ta;Hidetoshi Hara;Megumi 

Ichise;Punya Charusiri;Keo Khamphavong;Ken-ichiro 

Hisada. 微体古生物学 

报 , 2007, 24(4): 359-369 1 图版 . 

作者报道了一个小型类动物群 , 包括 

Eostaffella ? sp. Pseudoendothyra sp. , 

Staffella pseudosphaeroidea Dutkevich , Neostaffella 

( N. ) sp . , Profusulinella bona Grozdilova 

et Lebedeva 以及 P. cf . prisca (Depart) 

, 此动物群是在老挝北部琅勃拉邦省西 

南部的 Thong Phiang Vilay 村附近的石灰岩 

山中发现的。根据 Profusulinella bona 

和 P. cf . prisca 的出现 , 该动物群的时代可 

归到晚石炭世宾夕法尼亚纪巴什基尔期或 

莫斯科期最早期。这是在老挝北部对该时 

代类动物群的首次报道。当前类动物群证 

明琅勃拉邦地区和泰国北部的黎地区在地 

质上有重要的关系 , 表明老挝北部地区从地 

质构造上属于印度支那板块的边缘。 

2010040222 

南澳大利亚 Onkaparinga 港湾有孔虫和介 

形虫的分布 = Distribution of foraminifera 

and ostracods in the Onkaparinga Estuary, 

South Australia. ( 英文 ). Nasha G J; Binnieb 

M N; Cann J H. Australian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2010, 57(7): 901 - 910 

Analysis of sediment and aquatic vegetation 

samples collected along the Onkaparinga estuary, 

South Australia, revealed the distribution 

patterns of benthic and epi-benthic microorganisms, 

specifically foraminifera and ostracods. 

The total assemblage provided an assemblage 

'snap shot,' contemporaneous with 

the environmental conditions at the time of 

sampling, as well as seasonally and timeaveraged 

distribution information. Species 

richness is low in the upper reaches of the estuary 

and favours species with a wide salinity 

tolerance. Observed species richness increases 

seawards. Species richness and abundance 

within species is greater where there is conspicuous 

aquatic vegetation. Thus, species 

richness and distribution appear to be related 

to the proximity to the sea and the provision of 

diverse habitable substrate. Foraminiferal species, 

Ammonia beccarii and Elphidium excavatum, 

and ostracods belonging to the genera 

Paracypria, Xestolebris and Leptocythere 

dominate the total assemblage. These species 

are characteristic of euryhaline conditions. 

The mutual maximum occurrences of Reophax 

barwonensis, Ammobaculites barwonensis and 

Trochammina inflata signify mid-estuarine 

conditions. In the lower regions of the estuary, 

the appearance of shallow marine species of 

foraminifera such as Elphidium crispum and 

Quinqueloculina poeyana, and ostracods 

Bairdoppilata sp., Hemicytherura spp. and 

Paranesidea spp. signifies interactions with 

the adjacent inner shelf coastal waters. 

Throughout the entire length of the estuary, 

the presence of vegetal substrate created a 

strong numerical bias towards live occurrences 

of the ostracods Paracypria sp. and 

Xestolebris cedunaensis. These species are 

66

potentially useful as proxies for paleoenvironmental 

interpretations of estuarine sediments. 

2010040223 

土耳其中卡尼期及阿曼和阿拉斯加部分晚 

拉丁期至早诺利期样品中的 Eptingiacea 超 

科和 Saturnaliacea 超科放射虫 = Eptingiacea 

and saturnaliacea (Radiolaria) from the 

middle Carnian of Turkey and some late 

Ladinian to early Norian samples from Oman 

and Alaska. ( 英文 ). Dumitrica P; Tekin U K; 

Bedi Y. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2010, 

84(2): 259-292 

This fauna is characteristic of the 

Tetraporobrachia haeckeli Radiolarian Zone 

as defined in Austria and later found also in 

Turkey and Oman. It comes from an 8 mthick 

succession of clayey/cherty limestones from 

the lower part of the section. In addition, a few 

species from the late Ladinian and Carnian 

from Oman and the early Norian from Alaska 

hve also been included in this study, in order 

to improve some generic diagnoses and to 

showthe diversity and evolutionary trends of 

some genera. 32 radilarian species of which 

22 are new are described and illustrated, and 

assigned to 16 genera of which three are new 

(Capnuchospyris, Veleptingium, and Triassolaguncula). 

The diagnoses of some species, 

genera, subfamilies and families have been 

revised, and the family Eptingiidae has been 

raised to the rank of superfamily. 

2010040224 

意大利西西里鲁培尔期有孔虫 Hormosinellidae 

科一新种 : Caudammina gutia = Caudammina 

gutta, a new species of Hormosinellidae 

(foraminiferida) from the Rupelian of 

Sicily(Italy). ( 英文 ). Benedetti A; Pignatti J. 


2009, 115(3): 337-348 

The new species comes from assemblages 

rich in deep-water agglutinated foraminifers. 

Biometrical data based on two populations of 

the new species are compared with the species 

currently referred to the genus Caudammina, 

as yet known from the Tithonian to the Middle 

Eocene. C. guta n. sp. has a large-sized pyriform 

test and is the end-member of a Cretaceous-Paleogene 

lineage which is interpreted 

as an example of size increase in time conforming 

to Cope's rule. 

2010040225 

伊朗中生代 Kermanshah 组放射虫 = 

Mesozoic radiolarians from the Kermanshah 

Formation (Iran). ( 英文 ). Gharib F; De Wever 

P. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2010, 9(5): 209- 

219 

Radiolarites are one of the characteristic facies 

of the Tethyan Mesozoic realm. In western 

Iran, the Kermanshah radiolarites belong 

to a vast siliceous complex characteristic of 

the Mesozoic rocks of the Tethys region. 

These siliceous sequences are associated either 

with ophiolitic outcrops, which allow us 

to date them, or to sedimentary sequences that 

were deposited in a long and narrow basin in 

an intertropical zone, which benefited from 

the nutritional content of upwellings driven by 

monsoons. This basin extended from the Hawasina 

series (Oman) in the south, continued 

northward into the series of Pichakun (South 

Iran) and Kermanshah (western Iran) and 

ended with the Kocali series (Turkey). Radiolarites 

were dated in these different parts of 

the basin except in Kermanshah. The present 

work fills this gap and reveals that several 

levels can be dated by radiolarians from the 

Lower Pliensbachian, for the oldest ones, up 

until the Turonian for the youngest. 

2010040226 

当海洋变得过热时会发生什么 ? 西班牙阿 

拉梅迪拉剖面古新世 - 始新世气候适宜期有 

孔虫的响应 = What happens when the ocean 

is overheated? The foraminiferal response 

across the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum 

at the Alamedilla section (Spain). ( 英文 ). 

Alegret L; Ortiz S; Arenillas I; Molina E. 

Geological Society of America Bulletin, 2010, 

122(9-10): 1616-1624 

The global warming and major perturbation 

of the global carbon cycle that occurred during 

the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum 

(PETM) have been investigated in the lower 

bathyal–upper abyssal Alamedilla section 

(Spain). Geochemical anomalies and dramatic 

faunal changes (including the globally recognized 

extinction event of deep-sea benthic foraminifera 

and the rapid evolutionary turnover 

of planktic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils) 

are associated with the PETM at Alamedilla. 

Biotic changes in the plankton and benthos 

indicate environmental instability 11–14 k.y. 

before the onset of carbon isotope excursion 

that marks the Paleocene/Eocene boundary. 

The reorganization of the planktic ecosystem 

points to warm and oligotrophic conditions in 

surface waters during the earliest Eocene, 

67

whereas faunal and geochemical data indicate 

that the extinctions of benthic foraminifera 

occurred over an interval with a high CaCO 3 

content and oxic conditions at the seafloor. 

The proliferation of disaster taxa (Glomospira 

spp.) after the extinctions has been related to a 

potential source of isotopically light carbon in 

the western Tethys and North Atlantic. 

Significant changes in foraminiferal test 

size are documented across the PETM. We 

suggest that increased temperatures played an 

important role in benthic foraminiferal test 

size, increasing their metabolic rates and, consequently, 

their food requirements. Decreased 

planktic foraminiferal test size may be related 

to decreased nutrient availability or surfacewater 

density. However, the differences in test 

size evolution among different species of both 

benthic and planktic foraminifera may be related 

to interspecific competition and ecological 

adaptations to direct or indirect consequences 

of the carbon addition during the 

PETM. 

2010040227 

2006 年秋天采集于对马海峡的多泡体放射 

虫 = Polycystine Radiolarians in the Tsushima 

Strait in Autumn of 2006. ( 英文 ). Itaki T; Kimoto 

K; Hasegawa S. Paleontological Research, 

2010, 14(1): 19-23 

A total of 92 species or taxa of polycystine 

radiolarians were identified in depth-stratified 

plankton samples collected from the Tsushima 

Strait between Japan and Korea in autumn 

2006. This assemblage can be divided into 

three groups: shallow eastern channel, shallow 

western channel, and bottom western channel. 

The distribution patterns are most likely related 

to different water masses. The western 

channel is influenced mainly by the Taiwan 

Current and coastal waters, which are characterized 

by low salinity and high nutrients, 

whereas water in the eastern channel is mainly 

from the Kuroshio Current. Cycladophora 

davisiana, which lives deeper than 500 m in 

the Japan Sea, was abundant in the western 

channel at 100–140 m. This suggests that the 

deeper microzooplankton in the Tsushima 

Strait are associated with colder and less saline 

water originating from the greater depths 

of the Japan Sea. 

2010040228 

日本西南部九州 Kumagawa 河上三叠统重 

力流沉积中的有孔虫 Aulotortus friedli = 

Aulotortus friedli from the Upper Triassic 

Gravitational Flow Deposits of the Kumagawa 

River (Kyushu, Southwest Japan). ( 英文 ). 

Chablais J; Martini R; Onoue T. Paleontological 

Research, 2010, 14(2): 151-160. 

The benthic foraminifer Aulotortus friedli is 

reported from the Upper Triassic carbonates 

(capped seamount) of the Sambosan Accretionary 

Complex in Kyushu, Southwest Japan. 

Specimens were collected from shallow-water 

limestone clasts in a debris flow sequence near 

the Ose locality along the Kumagawa River. 

The limestone clasts mainly represent shoal 

facies where the benthic foraminifer is extremely 

abundant. Because of the remarkable 

preservation of the Japanese specimens, they 

allow further description of the involutinid A. 

friedli. In addition, a detailed sedimentary and 

environmental analysis of the gravitational 

deposits where A. friedli occurs is given. Using 

microfacies analysis together with the biostratigraphic 

range of A. friedli and associated 

foraminifers, a new interpretation is proposed 

of a seamount collapse process that occurred 

during the Norian-Rhaetian and preceded the 

major collapse event of the Sambosan seamount, 

which has been placed in the Middle to 

Late Jurassic. 

2010040229 

源自日本中北部富山县八尾地区 Tetori 群 

Kiritani 组遗迹化石中的侏罗纪放射虫和其 

他微体动物群 = Jurassic Radiolarians and 

Other Microfauna Recovered from the Trace 

Fossils of the Kiritani Formation of the Tetori 

Group in the Yatsuo Area, Toyama Prefecture, 

Northern Central Japan. ( 英文 ). Kashiwagi K; 

Hirasawa S. Paleontological Research, 2010, 

14(3): 212-223 

Age-significant Jurassic radiolarians and 

other microfossils are recognized for the first 

time from the Kiritani Formation of the Higashisakamori 

Subgroup of the Tetori Group, 

a Middle Jurassic to late Early Cretaceous 

group of shallow- to nonmarine sedimentary 

strata in northern Central Japan. The Kiritani 

Formation in the Jinzu Region, eastern part of 

the Tetori Basin, is mainly composed of marine 

terrigenous clastic rocks: conglomerate, 

sandstone, and sandy siltstone including 

unlined tubelike trace fossils. Radiolarians are 

present only in the trace fossils, not in the surrounding 

sandy siltstone. The radiolarian age 

of the Kiritani Formation based on the European 

radiolarian zonation is Callovian-early 

Tithonian by the occurrence of Zhamoidellum 

ovum. The Kiritani Formation can also be correlated 

with the Arimine Formation, another 

68

marine formation of the Jinzu Region, which 

yields radiolarians of the same age. 

Microfossils consist of various taxa: radiolarians, 

rhaxellid sponge spicules, prodissoconchs 

of juvenile bivalves, a charophyte gyrogonite, 

and a planktonic foraminifera. The 

radiolarian assemblages show a high ratio of 

spumellarians over nassellarians in the number 

of specimens. These microfossil assemblages 

suggest that the Kiritani Formation was deposited 

in a shallow marine environment. 

2010040230 

日本 Akiyoshi 地体 Taishaku 灰岩顶部中二 

叠世晚期 ( 卡匹敦期 ) 有孔虫 = Late Middle 

Permian (Capitanian) Foraminifers from the 

Uppermost Part of the Taishaku Limestone, 

Akiyoshi Terrane, Japan. ( 英文 ). Kobayashi F. 

Paleontological Research, 2010, 14(4): 260- 

276 

Forty-four species assignable to 32 genera 

of late Middle Permian (Capitanian) foraminifers 

are distinguished from Lepidolina 

limestone and microbial limestone of the uppermost 

part of the Taishaku Limestone, 

northeastern part of Hiroshima Prefecture, 

Japan. The microbial limestone contains 

Kahlerina taishakuensis sp. nov. enclosing 

problematic microfossils within their tests and 

is taxonomically less diversified than the 

Lepidolina limestone. Faunal composition of 

nonfusuline foraminifers is clarified in the 

Lepidolina Zone of the Akiyoshi Terrane for 

the first time. In addition to the new species, 

seven species are systematically described. 

They are Codonofusiella sp. cf. C. ashioensis 

Kobayashi, Chusenella otai (Nogami), Parafusulina 

sp., Lepidolina multiseptata (Deprat), 

Hemigordiopsis renzi Reichel, Baisalina ovata 

Han, and Partisania typica Sosnina. Taxonomic 

comments are given on Kahlerina and 

Hemigordiopsis. 

2010040231 

西特提斯下二叠统较小有孔虫 = Smaller 

foraminifers of the Lower Permian from 

Western Tethys. ( 英文 ). Filimonova T V. 


2010, 18(7): 687-811 

Among the smaller foraminifers from the 

Lower Permian of Western Tethys (Pamir, 

Northern Afghanistan, Central and Eastern 

Iran, Armenia, and Turkey), foraminiferal assemblages 

characteristic of the Asselian, 

Sakmarian, Yakhtashian, Bolorian, and 

Kubergandian stages are distinguished. The 

first stratigraphic scheme based on smaller 

foraminifers is elaborated for the Lower Permian 

(Cisuralian Series) of Western Tethys. 

Eight biostratigraphic units distinguished in 

the Lower Permian and one in the Kubergandian 

Stage are ranked as beds with characteristic 

foraminiferal assemblages. At particular 

stratigraphic levels, the beds are recognizable 

in different paleogeographic provinces of the 

Tethyan Realm, which enables correlation 

between deposits concurrently accumulated 

under dissimilar climatic and facies conditions 

to be carried. Some of the distinguished beds 

are recognizable beyond the Tethyan Realm, 

for instance in the Donetsk basin, Cis-Urals, 

Pechora coal basin, and Spitsbergen. Among 

foraminifers that have been studied, 264 species 

and subspecies, including 16 new taxa, 

are identified. The following species and subspecies 

are identified and described for the 

first time: Hemigordius permicus beitepicus 

subsp. nov., H. pamiricus sp. nov., Neohemigordius 

afganicus sp. nov., N. carnicus sp. 

nov., N. bangi sp. nov., N. zulumarticus sp. 

nov., N. kubergandinicus sp. nov., Geinitzina 

grandella sp. nov., G. dentiformis sp. nov., G. 

bella sp. nov., Pachyphloia paraovata minima 

sp. nov., P. aucta sp. nov., Frondicularia porrecta 

sp. nov., Globivalvulina gigantea sp. 

nov., G. compacta sp. nov., and G. explicata 

sp. nov. 

2010040232 

东欧地台上白垩统放射虫及其生物地层意 

义 = Upper Cretaceous radiolarians of the East 

European platform and their biostratigraphic 

significance. ( 英文 ). Vishnevskaya V S. 


2010, 18(6): 607-634 

Radiolarian assemblages from the Upper 

Cretaceous carbonate-cherty deposits of the 

East European platform are analyzed. Biostratigraphic 

subdivisions ranked as radiolarian 

beds are distinguished in sediments of the 

Moscow syneclise, Voronezh anteclise, and 

the Ul’yanovsk-Saratov depression. The correlation 

between biostratigraphic beds established 

in three tectonic structures and variants 

of their coordination with radiolarian subdivisions 

in southern and northern areas of Russia 

are considered. The key importance of radiolarians 

for the subdivision and correlation of 

the Upper Cretaceous cherty deposits is demonstrated. 

2010040233 

太平洋西北部古近纪放射虫类的发育 = 

Development of radiolarians in the Northwest 

69

Pacific during the Paleogene. ( 英文 ). Vitukhin 

D I. Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation, 

2010, 18(4): 436-449 

The analysis of the taxonomic composition 

of radiolarians from Paleogene sections of the 

North-west Pacific and its surrounding continental 

structures from the southern Japan Archipelago 

to southern Koryak Highland revealed 

that their Paleocene-Eocene assemblages 

from high and low latitudes were characterized 

by higher similarity as compared 

with their Oligocene or Neogene counterparts, 

which indicates the lack of sharp meridional 

gradients between different water masses at 

that time. In the Paleocene-Eocene, water 

temperatures in high latitudes were likely substantially 

higher than now and the subtropical 

belt extended approximately up to 60° N. Two 

paleobiogeographic regions with radiolarian 

assemblages differing in a number of genera 

and species in common with their low-latitude 

communities are outlined within the latter: 

northern and southern. Development of radiolarians 

in this region demonstrates several 

stages, which practically correspond to their 

similar evolutionary stages in the tropical belt. 

A sharp reorganization in the radiolarian 

community occurred near the Eocene- 

Oligocene transition, when the “typical boreal” 

fauna differing in the taxonomic composition 

from that of the tropical belt was formed 

in high latitudes. This indicates a substantial 

decrease of water temperatures in high latitudes, 

which resulted in the development of 

upwellings and, presumably, the formation of 

the Subpolar hydrological front. 

2010040234 

始希瓦格蜓目较高级纺锤蜓的起源 = Origin 

of higher fusulinids of the order Eoschwagerinida 

Minato et Honjo, 1966. ( 英文 ). 

Leven E Ja. Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation, 

2010, 18(3): 290-297 

As is argued in this work, genera Zarodella 

Sosnina, 1981, and Grovesella Davydov et 

Arefifard, 2007, could be ancestors of the genus 

Pamirina Leven, 1970, which gave birth 

to all higher fusulinids. Two former genera 

similar to each other are distinguished conventionally 

to a certain extent in a large flexible 

taxon of small primitive polymorphic fusulinids 

close to the Bashkirian genera Eostaffella, 

Plectostaffella, and Semistaffella. Without 

essential changes, this taxon existed for a 

long time from the Bashkirian Age of the Late 

Carboniferous to the Bolorian Age of the 

Permian. The genus Pamirina branched off 

that taxon in the Yakhtashian Age. Along with 

Zarodella and Grovesella, the genus Pamirina 

is attributed to the order Ozawainellida 

2010040235 

摩洛哥内里弗 Dorsale Calcaire 地区侏罗纪 

“ 放射虫脉动 ”: 用以对比和解释特提斯放 

射虫的标志 = Jurassic radiolarite pulses from 

the Dorsale Calcaire (internal Rif, Morocco): 

A clue for correlating and interpreting the 

Tethyan radiolarites. ( 英文 ). El Kadiri K; 

Horstemeyer M F; El Kadiri H; Pessagno E A. 

Stratigraphy, 2009, 6(4): 277-312 

The Jurassic radiolarian-bearing sequences 

from the Rifian Dorsale Calcaire are both 

lithostratigraphically and biostratigraphically 

significant. Their stratigraphic base proved to 

be diachronous and allows them to be divided 

into seven main litho- and biofacies intervals, 

herein referred to as "radiolarite pulses" (RP. 

I-7). Each RP can be defined as corresponding 

to the first radiolarite deposition onto pelagic 

carbonate strata and/or paleokarst surfaces. At 

the regional scale, the well-marked radiolarite 

diachronism between the external Dorsale and 

the internal Dorsale units is explained herein 

by the fact that the only late Jurassic pulses (or 

even the sole seventh pulse) reached the Internal 

Dorsale area. In the case these pulses stack 

in a single stratigraphic sequence, they exhibit 

contrasting color and lithofacies and are generally 

separated by erosional surfaces, chaotic 

breccias and/or synsedimentary normal faults. 

Taxonomic analyses reveal that most of the 

first species occurrences coincide with the 

stratigraphic base of each radiolarite pulse. 

Thus, the main taxonomic turnovers and mass 

extinctions could have occurred penecontemporaneously 

with the stratigraphical gap that 

separate two given RPs. On the whole, the 

lithological and tectonic signatures and the 

biostratigraphic record allow the triggering 

mechanisms of these radiolarite pulses to be 

primarily assigned to tectonic-mediated paleoenvironmental 

and/or eustatic changes, and 

to roughly correlate a radiolarite pulse with a 

third-order tectono-eustatic sequence. These 

mechanisms also provide a correlation tool 

that can be applied to the rest of the Tethyan 

and Pacific Jurassic radiolarites. 

古杯、多孔及腔肠动物 

2010040236 

特提斯晚三叠世珊瑚新属 : Noriphyllia = 

Noriphyllia, a new Tethyan Late Triassic coral 

genus (Scleractinia). ( 英文 ). Roniewicz E; 

70

Stanley Jr. G D. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(4): 467-478 

The new coral is distinguished from related 

corals belonging to the reimaniphylliids by 

key features of septal microstructure as discerned 

in thin sections. This microstructure 

consists of a straight/wavy midseptal zone and 

lateral septal stereome organized into thin fascicles 

of fibres, producing a fine and sharp 

micromorphology of the septal sides. The new 

genus is widely distributed in the Late Triassic, 

Early Norian reef facies of the Tethys region 

and it also occurs in the Carnian of Tinor. 

Noriphyllia gen. n. is unique and details of its 

microstructural features add new understanding 

to the composition of both Late Carnian 

and Early Norian corals. 

2010040237 

珊瑚物种分布区边缘的演化新发现 = Evolutionary 

novelty is concentrated at the edge 

of coral species distributions. ( 英文 ). Budd A 

F; Pandolfi J M. Science, 2010, 328(5995): 

1558-1561 

Conservation priorities are calculated on the 

basis of species richness, endemism, and 

threats. However, areas ranked highly for 

these factors may not represent regions of 

maximal evolutionary potential. The relationship 

between geography and evolutionary innovation 

was analyzed in a dominant complex 

of Caribbean reef corals, in which morphological 

and genetic data concur on species differences. 

Based on geometric morphometrics 

of Pleistocene corals and genetically characterized 

modern colonies, we found that morphological 

disparity varies from the center to 

the edge of the Caribbean, and we show that 

lineages are static at well-connected central 

locations but split or fuse in edge zones where 

gene flow is limited. Thus, conservation efforts 

in corals should focus not only on the 

centers of diversity but also on peripheral areas 

of species ranges and population connectivity. 

2010040238 

摩洛哥东北部 Jerada 地块上维宪阶四射珊 

瑚 : 系统分类 , 生物地层 , 相和古生物地理 = 

Rugose corals from the upper Visean (Carboniferous)of 

the Jerada Massif (NE Morocco): 

taxonomy, biostratigraphy, facies and palaeobiogeography. 

( 英文 ). Aretz M. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(3): 323-344 

The Visean succession of the Jerada Massif 

contains a relatively diverse rugose coral 

fauna, which comprises 12 genera. Only two 

of these (Siphonodendron and Lithostroation) 

are reported to include more than one species. 

Most taxa show distinctive facies dependencies. 

Small solitary corals are found inshaly 

environments of the Oued Es-sassi Formation. 

The coral fauna at Jerada is a typical Late 

Visean assemblage for the Western European 

Province. The Eastern Morocean Meseta may 

be an important pathway within the provice 

for the connection between the Central Saharan 

basins and Nw Europe. The biostratigraphic 

ages of the coral fauna partly contradict 

ages based on carbonate microfossils; the 

coral ages are slightly older and typical Brigantian 

coral taxa are absent. 

2010040239 

早白垩世珊瑚 Felixigyra 属的修正 = Revision 

of the Early Cretaceous coral genus Felixigyra. 

( 英文 ). Loser H. Rivista Italiana di 

Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 2010, 116(2): 

189-200 

The Early Cretaceous coral genus Felixigyra 

is revised on the basis of type material 

from Italy. Felixigyra has a hydnophoroidmeandroid 

colony organisation with conical 

monticules attached to each other. The very 

thick monticules are arranged in a way that 

calicular centres become apparent. The septa 

are compact and rhopaloid. The genus can be 

related to other genera of the Eugyridae family, 

but differs from them by its particularly developed 

monticules. It also shows certain recemblance 

to meandroid genera of the Trochoidomeandridae 

family. 

2010040240 

刺丝胞水母体的化石记录 = The fossil record 

of cnidarian medusae. ( 英文 ). Young G 

A; Hagadorn J W. Palaeoworld, 2010, 19(3-4): 

212-221 

Fossils of cnidarian medusae are extremely 

rare, although reports of fossil “medusoids,” 

most of which do not represent medusae, are 

rather common. Our previous inability to distinguish 

these fossils has hampered attempts 

to investigate patterns and processes within 

the medusozoan fossil record. Here we describe 

criteria for the recognition of bona fide 

fossil medusae and use them to assess the evolutionary, 

paleoenvironmental, and taphonomic 

history of the Medusozoa. Criteria 

include distinctive sedimentologic and taphonomic 

features that result from transport, 

stranding, and burial of hydrous clasts, as well 

as unequivocal body structures comparable to 

those of extant animals. Because the latter are 

71

uncommon, most fossil medusae remain in 

open nomenclature; many are assigned to 

stem-group scyphozoans. 

The majority of described medusae are associated 

with coastal depositional environments 

(such as tidal flats or lagoons). They 

rarely occur in oxygen-poor deeper-water facies. 

All medusan groups have long geologic 

histories. Scyphozoa are known from the 

Cambrian, but more derived scyphomedusae 

were not demonstrably present until the Carboniferous; 

Mesozoic scyphozoans are rather 

diverse. Hydromedusae are known from the 

Ordovician but may extend back to the Cambrian. 

The record of cubozoans is shorter and 

sparser; the oldest definite cubozoan is Carboniferous 

in age. 

2010040241 

早寒武世大陆架古杯 - 钙质微生物生物结构 

的分布 = Distribution of the archaeocyathcalcimicrobial 

bioconstructions on the Early 

Cambrian shelves. ( 英文 ). Gandina A; Debrenne 

F. Palaeoworld, 2010, 19(3-4): 222- 

241 

The differences and variety of structural, 

depositional, and compositional features observed 

in the Early Cambrian microbialarchaeocyath 

buildups preserved in the present-day 

continents, suggest a direct correlation 

between the physico-chemical factors of 

deposition and the structural architecture of 

the buildups. This can be explained in terms of 

their palaeogeographic collocation on the 

shelves (depth, energy), and hence of the areal 

distribution of epeiric basins and perioceanic/pericontinental 

platforms. 

Data on the analysis of biohermal communities 

and their architectures indicate that the 

relative development of the main reef-building 

components, as well as their evolution within 

the reef communities, reflects the dominant 

physico-chemical factors, mainly temperature 

and nutrient availability, and the physiography 

of the primary depositional setting. The bioaccumulations 

show different reef building 

styles, defined by the types of associated facies 

and by the early diagenetic features. They 

are represented by (i) mud-supported simple 

(Kalyptrae) to compound mounds locally with 

stromatactis-like cavities; (ii) dendrolitic bioherms 

and crustose buildups with large shelter 

cavities and low synoptic relief; (iii) cementsupported 

skeletal reefs with wave resistant 

frameworks often associated with oolitic 

shoals, and (iv) bioclastic sands, developed at 

photic and shallow sub-photic depths on lowangle/low-energy 

ramps (i–ii) or on highenergy 

conditions on platforms distally 

rimmed (iii) or occasionally swept by storm 

currents (iv). 

The results of the analysis provide information 

on the spatial conditions of the primary 

depositional settings of the first metazoan involved 

in reef building in the history of the 

Earth, and suggest that the architecture of the 

bioconstructions was controlled not only by 

the physiography of the depositional setting 

and global/astronomic climate but also by local 

climatic conditions constrained by the latitudinal 

distribution of the Early Cambrian 

continental blocks. 

2010040242 

评论四射珊瑚的系统分类 = Remarks on 

rugose coral taxonomy. ( 英文 ). Fedorowski J. 

Palaeoworld, 2010, 19(3-4): 242-248 

Precise taxonomy is possible only when 

specimens are thoroughly investigated and 

checked against well known types. This simple 

procedure is not always followed and as a 

result, credible data are often lacking. 

Accuracy: To match his interpretation of 

calice morphology, Schindewolf (1942, pl. 33, 

fig. 2a–d, text-fig. 89a–d) inaccurately oriented 

transverse sections of Pentamplexus 

simulator Schindewolf, 1940. His errors were 

in part corrected by Weyer and Ilina (1979), 

but they also misidentified the counter protoseptum. 

Re-orientation of the original and two 

new thin sections allows that genus to be 

transferred to the family Polycoeliidae de 

Fromentel, 1860. Manipulation: Schindewolf's 

(1942) manipulation of the data on Pentaphyllum 

De Koninck, 1872 and Cryptophyllum 

Carruthers, 1919 resulted in an incorrect diagnosis, 

which was followed by many students 

who introduced 49 species (Ilina, 1984). Despite 

its name and Schindewolf's (1942) description, 

the poorly preserved type of Pentaphyllum 

possesses six, instead of five, 

dominant septa in its calice. 

Lack of attention to detail: Biform morphology 

in the tabularium is not always recognized 

and is commonly incorrectly described, 

despite its importance as a factor in 

water distribution within the gastro-vascular 

cavity and its diagnostic value for taxonomy. 

Failure to recognize that feature can lead to 

incorrect classification up to the family level. 

2010040243 

加拿大曼尼托巴奥陶纪以钻孔为主要生存 

方式的层孔虫和群体珊瑚及舌形贝的腕足 

72

动物 = Stromatoporoids and colonial corals 

hosting borers and linguloid brachiopods, Ordovician 

of Manitoba, Canada. ( 英文 ). Stewart 

L A; Elias R J; Young G A. Palaeoworld, 

2010, 19(3-4): 249-255 

There have been very few published reports 

of stromatoporoids and colonial corals with 

borings that contain linguloid brachiopods; all 

are from the Ordovician and/or Silurian in just 

four areas of eastern Canada and northwestern 

Europe. Here, we report the discovery of an 

earlier Ordovician occurrence, in both stromatoporoids 

and corals, and expand the geographic 

range of such associations to central 

Canada. In the Upper Ordovician Selkirk 

Member of the Red River Formation, southern 

Manitoba, the stromatoporoid Stratodictyon 

and tabulate coral Protrochiscolithus commonly 

contain cylindrical macroborings representing 

the ichnogenus Trypanites, almost certainly 

produced by worms. In a few specimens, 

a small proportion of borings contain single 

linguloids. The linguloids occur predominantly 

in borings with relatively large diameters, 

but their occurrence with respect to boring 

length and their vertical location within 

borings are random. They are interpreted as 

nestlers that occupied vacant borings throughout 

life. Although some of the borings were 

covered over by subsequent growth of the host 

or recolonization of its surface, there is no 

evidence of embedment structures in stromatoporoids 

or corals that would indicate interaction 

of the host with either the borers or 

linguloids. This is comparable to occurrences 

in the Ordovician of Manitoulin and Anticosti 

islands in eastern Canada, in that the linguloids 

are found within Trypanites borings 

without associated embedment structures. In 

the Silurian of Anticosti, Gotland, and the 

Welsh Borderlands, however, some borings 

were further developed into embedment structures 

during upward growth of the hosts, indicating 

that these relationships involved some 

type of symbiosis. 

2010040244 

上奥陶统和志留纪床板珊瑚纲蜂巢珊瑚科 

珊瑚单体壁的构造及其在地层对比上可能 

的应用 = Structure of the corallite wall of the 

Upper Ordovician and Silurian Favositidae 

(Tabulata) and its possible use in stratigraphic 

correlation. ( 英文 ). Zaika Y. Palaeoworld, 

2010, 19(3-4): 256-267 

Based on an analysis of the significant collections 

of Favositidae (tabulate corals) from 

the Upper Ordovician–Lower Devonian of the 

Taimyr Peninsula, Western Slope of the North 

Urals and the Tchernychev Uplift, this paper 

focuses on the macro- and micro-structurе of 

the corallite wall. Seven structural types of the 

corallite wall have been recognized; some of 

them seem to have a definite stratigraphic 

range. The results contribute to the long-time 

discussion on the applicability of skeletal 

structure for systematics of the Favositidae, its 

evolutionary implications, and stratigraphic 

correlation. It has been held that the skeletal 

structure of the fossilized remains of Favositidae 

is inapplicable for such purposes because 

diagenetically, it is secondary, being a product 

of mineral replacement of the primary structure. 

In contrast, an assumption is made here 

that the “secondary” skeletal macro- and micro-structure 

may reflect in some way the 

“primary” skeleton. As a result, it is proposed 

that some evidence of evolution of the Favositidae 

may be obtained by evaluating the stratigraphic 

range of favositid representatives possessing 

different types of structure of the 

corallite wall. 

2010040245 

评述日射珊瑚目的系统分类系统 = Remarks 

on the classification system of the Heliolitida. 

( 英文 ). Ospanova N K. Palaeoworld, 2010, 

19(3-4): 268-277 

The concept of the sum of common features 

has been used in order to compare the Heliolitida 

with the Tabulata and Rugosa and determine 

the position of Heliolitida in the classification 

system of Palaeozoic corals. Such 

morphological characters as the number of 

septa, septa of the second order, epitheca, 

coenenchyme and multiplicity by four have 

been considered. Coenenchyme is present in 

many taxa and there are no more compelling 

reasons for the integration of Heliolitida and 

Halysitida than for the integration of Heliolitida 

with other taxa containing coenenchyme. 

The dynamics of some features shows that the 

differences between three main groups of Palaeozoic 

corals are within the limits of variation 

of relative organisms. A high degree of 

similarity testifies to the close relationship of 

the Heliolitida and the different qualitative 

and quantitative expression of similar features 

testifies to their early divergence from a common 

ancestor and subsequent independent 

evolution. Asto-phylogeny and morphological 

homogeny of all Heliolitida confirm their evolution 

as a separate, unitary group. Heliolitida 

is a monophyletic group of corals that is equal 

to the Tabulata and Rugosa in rank. A common 

origin requires that the orders should be 

73

united into one subclass Paleosclerocoralla of 

the class Anthozoa. 

2010040246 

乌克兰顿涅茨盆地石炭纪珊瑚新资料 = 

New data on the Carboniferous corals of the 

Donets Basin. ( 英文 ). Ogar V V. Palaeoworld, 

2010, 19(3-4): 284-293 

Additional data are given here on the taxonomic 

diversity and distribution of the Carboniferous 

rugose and tabulate corals of the 

Donets Basin (Ukraine). Keyserlingophyllum 

obliquum (Keyserling, 1846) was recorded in 

the Tournaisian part of the section for the first 

time. Rotiphyllum omaliusi (Milne-Edwards et 

Haime, 1851) and Dorlodotia pseudovermiculare 

(McCoy, 1849) were found in Tournaisian-Viséan 

boundary deposits. Zaphrentites 

parallelus (Carruthers, 1910), together with 

Sutherlandia and Cladochonus, was discovered 

approximately in the mid-Viséan. The 

tabulate coral Volnovakhipora n. gen. from the 

Tournaisian and the rugose coral Arctophyllum 

lugankaensis n. sp. from the Gzhelian are 

established and described. 

2010040247 

阿兹鲁 - 海尼夫拉盆地南部上维宪期 ( 中摩 

洛哥梅塞塔石炭纪 ) 珊瑚 = Corals from the 

Upper Viséan of the southern Azrou-Khenifra 

Basin (Carboniferous, Central Moroccan Meseta). 

( 英文 ). Aretz M; Herbig H-G. Palaeoworld, 

2010, 19(3-4): 294-305 

This is the first taxonomic treatment of 

coral faunas from upper Viséan shallow-water 

limestones of the southern Azrou-Khenifra 

Basin (eastern central Morocco). Corals recovered 

during reconnaissance work represent 

8 genera and 11 species of rugose corals, 1 

heterocoral species, and 3 tabulate coral taxa. 

The fauna is tentatively attributed to the late 

Asbian. Siphonodendron scaleberense is described 

from Northern Africa for the first time. 

Facies differentiations clearly control the coral 

distribution in the stratotype of the Bou-Rifi 

Formation near Sidi-Lamine. In the Tabaïnout 

Ridge, the massive build-up facies is almost 

devoid of corals except for specialised forms 

such as ?Sutherlandia. Bioclastic and oncolitic 

limestone facies below and above the build-up 

facies contain coral faunas, which differ in 

their compositions. The fauna of the Azrou- 

Khenifra Basin is part of the West European- 

North African faunal province. 

2010040248 

维宪期和谢尔普霍夫期丛状四射珊瑚的出 

现 : 回顾 = Appearance of fasciculate rugose 

corals in the Viséan and Serpukhovian: A review. 

( 英文 ). Rodríguez S; Somerville I D.. 

Palaeoworld, 2010, 19(3-4): 306-315 

Appearances of new fasciculate rugose corals 

are especially abundant in the Viséan- 

Serpukhovian interval. Fasciculate corals may 

have two different origins. (1) Development of 

colonialism from solitary corals (e.g., Corwenia 

from Dibunophyllum); (2) morphological 

changes of the established fasciculate taxa 

that produce new species or genera. Most new 

fasciculates occur in shallow-water carbonate 

shelf environments, but the first occurrence is 

not always easy to identify from published 

data. One of the typical environments for their 

first occurrence during the Viséan was the top 

of microbial mud-mounds. The microbial 

mounds perhaps have provided isolated areas 

of shallower water above the sea bottom. 

These isolated elevated areas could have provided 

more favourable environments where 

pioneer coral colonies may have evolved. 

All Viséan and Serpukhovian coral assemblages 

with new colonial corals are dominated 

by phaceloid species. Consequently, the explanation 

should be rejected that new colonial 

corals occur only in empty ecological 

“niches.” Most of these assemblages also contain 

solitary corals, including the ancestral 

“parent species”. 

All these observations pose new questions 

concerning the origin of the fasciculate colonial 

forms in rugosans. There are evidences 

that single specimens develop colonial forms 

as a response to environmental factors. Development 

of colonialism is possible for single 

specimens of some solitary genera. However, 

the capacity for developing persistent colonial 

growth forms depends on multiple factors, 

including genetic and environmental ones. 

2010040249 

Lonsdaleia (Actinocyathus) crassiconus 种 

群中的演化的某些特征 = Some aspects of 

evolution in the Lonsdaleia (Actinocyathus) 

crassiconus species-group. ( 英文 ). Hecker M 

R. Palaeoworld, 2010, 19(3-4): 316-324 

The Actinocyathus crassiconus speciesgroup 

represents a separate trend of evolution 

within the rugose subgenus Lonsdaleia (Actinocyathus) 

(d’Orbigny, 1849). It is distinguished 

by consistently developed minor septa 

and by regular axial structures. In the Moscow 

Basin, this species-group comprises seven 

species, A. crassiconus (McCoy, 1849), A. 

74

lativesiculosus (Dobrolyubova, 1958), A. 

sarytschevae (Dobrolyubova, 1958), A. subtilis 

(Dobrolyubova, 1958), A. gorskyi (Dobrolyubova, 

1958), Actinocyathus sp. A, and Actinocyathus 

sp. B. It ranges from the Mikhailov 

horizon (Brigantian) to the Protva horizon 

(lower upper Serpukhovian), and is especially 

characteristic of the Tarusa horizon 

(lowermost Serpukhovian) in the northwestern 

part of the basin. Evolution in the 

group took place at the beginning of Mikhailov 

time and in Tarusa time and showed 

three trends: (i) increase in corallite size and 

number of septa; (ii) increase in number of 

septa and tabularia diameter; and (iii) a wide 

range of variability in septal number without 

important changes in tabularia diameter. 

Lonsdaleia ornata Dobrolyubova, 1958, L. 

heckeri Dobrolyubova, 1958, and L. longiseptata 

crassicolumellata Dobrolyubova, 1958 

are synonymised with Actinocyathus subtilis, 

and Lonsdaleia subcrassiconus subcrassiconus 

Dobrolyubova, 1958 is with Actinocyathus 

gorskyi. 

2010040250 

美国衣阿华密西西比亚纪贝拉组四射珊瑚 

极端损伤的骨骼修复 = Skeletal repair of 

extreme damage in rugose corals, Pella Formation 

(Mississippian, Iowa, USA. ( 英文 ). 

Webb G E; Yancey T E. Palaeoworld, 2010, 

19(3-4): 325-332 

Little is known about predation on rugose 

corals or the repair of damage to rugose coral 

skeletons. Here we describe a population of 

the solitary rugose coral Amplexizaphrentis 

spinulosa (Milne-Edwards and Haime, 1851) 

from the Late Mississippian Pella Formation 

in Keokuk County, Iowa, USA wherein 30% 

of 135 specimens experienced sublethal damage 

resulting from compression apparently 

inflicted by fish or other large predators. 

Many corals were able to repair severe damage 

and re-establish a relatively normal morphology 

despite the loss of parts of the wall. 

Healed damage includes: (1) chips to the edge 

of the calice, (2) punctures in the wall, (3) lost 

sections of wall, (4) re-cemented sections of 

wall, some at odd angles, (5) changes in 

growth direction, and (6) rejuvenescence. 

Multiple episodes of damage and repair occurred 

in 5% of samples. More severe damage 

on the cardinal side in almost one-half of 

damaged samples may reflect structural weakness 

at the cardinal fossula relative to the 

counter side, but septa were broken in all positions 

in many samples. The pattern of alignment 

and preservation of broken plates in the 

calice suggests that soft tissues were better 

attached to the skeleton in a band relatively far 

above the calice floor. Better musculature also 

may have occurred in the same band. Where 

parts of the wall were broken free from septa 

that remained fixed at their axial ends, new 

wall was deposited as stereoplasm against and 

enveloping the adaxial ends of the original 

septa. Lost lengths of septa were replaced by 

adaxial growth. New septa were commonly 

contorted, presumably owing to deformation 

of surviving soft tissues that had lost structural 

support. Broken septa were generally healed, 

commonly with poor alignment. The high survival 

rate, even following multiple attacks, 

suggests that the soft tissues of the coral polyps 

were robust. The rarity of changes in 

growth direction following attacks suggests 

that the corals may have been more capable of 

righting themselves and re-establishing an optimum 

growth orientation than has commonly 

been suggested for solitary Rugosa. 

2010040251 

关于六射珊瑚的变异性和系统分类的古生 

物学展望 = Palaeobiological perspectives on 

variability and taxonomy of scleractinian corals. 

( 英文 ). Zlatarski V N. Palaeoworld, 2010, 

19(3-4): 333-339 

Scleractinians are well known for their exceptional 

variability and difficult taxonomy. 

Until the end of the nineteenth century, these 

corals were studied outside their natural habitat. 

In situ investigation brought to attention 

their variability and led to description of formae 

and attempts to depart from the typological 

taxonomy. Studies commenced in 1950s of 

extant scleractinians of Jamaica, the South 

Pacific, Madagascar, the Red Sea, Cuba, and 

Australia demonstrated instances of coralla 

unclassifiable in the described species because 

they possess intermediate characters, and 

sometimes one corallum exhibits the characteristics 

of more than one species. Since 1984, 

discoveries about scleractinian life history and 

molecular data further challenged the conventional 

taxonomy. The coral holobiont is now 

being studied as a totality of the coral animal, 

its endosymbiotic zooxanthellae, and its associated 

community of microorganisms. Molecular 

genetics and studies of life history 

combined with morphological variability and 

variability in geological time are needed for 

scleractinian taxonomy. The input of palaeontologists 

with temporal aspect as well as an 

enormous amount of morphological data is 

75

invaluable, as demonstrated by several examples 

based on detailed morphological observations 

later supported by molecular and life 

history information. Efforts to resolve the 

variability vs. taxonomy dilemma for fossil 

scleractinians would benefit from further actuopalaeontological 

work: studies at all levels 

of biological organization, including ancient 

DNA and evolutionary genetics, the rich fossil 

record, fractals and RLQ analysis, palaeopathological 

research, sclerochronology, the 

ecology and skeletogenesis of extant deep sea 

corals. 

2010040252 

追踪复合种的长期演化 : 以 Montastraea 

“annularis” 复合种为例 = Tracing the longterm 

evolution of a species complex: Examples 

from the Montastraea “annularis” complex. 

( 英文 ). Budd A F. Palaeoworld, 2010, 

19(3-4): 348-356 

Recent molecular work has revealed numerous 

species complexes of scleractinian 

reef corals. Although species within complexes 

are distinct through much of their distribution, 

hybridization has been discovered at 

species margins, and has been hypothesized as 

playing an important role in mediating responses 

to changing environments. In the present 

study, I examine the long-term evolution 

of the Montastraea “annularis” complex over 

the past 5 million years to determine when 

speciation, extinction, and hybridization took 

place over the past 6.5 million years, with the 

eventual aim of understanding how these 

events corresponded with environmental 

changes in the Caribbean region. The material 

consists of colonies collected in the Mio- 

Pliocene of the Dominican Republic and the 

Plio-Pleistocene of Costa Rica and Panama. 

Genetically characterized colonies from the 

Recent of Panama are included in the analyses 

for comparison. Species are distinguished in 

the fossil material using a landmark-based 

morphometric approach that focuses on the 

size and shape of architectural features within 

corallites in transverse thin sections. Evolutionary 

relationships among species are examined 

using phylogenetic analyses based on 

parsimony. Phylogenetic characters are derived 

from the results of multiple comparisons 

tests, which statistically evaluated differences 

among species using morphometric data. 

The results show that the Montastraea “annularis” 

complex originated during late Miocene 

time, and consisted of >12 species during 

the Pliocene, with a maximum of 4–5 species 

co-occurring at any one time. The three modern 

species do not form a monophyletic group 

but belong to separate clades within the complex. 

The ranges of two of the three modern 

species may extend back to 2.9–3.5 Ma, indicating 

that they are survivors of the Plio- 

Pleistocene extinction event in which 80% of 

Caribbean reef coral species became extinct. 

Morphologic differences among species (disparity) 

were higher during the Pliocene than 

they are today. 

2010040253 

微构造分析和分子种系发育的综合结果 ; 

推断古生代后珊瑚的整个演化框架和六射 

珊瑚的概念 = The converging results of microstructural 

analysis and molecular phylogeny: 

Consequence for the overall evolutionary 

scheme of post-Paleozoic corals and the concept 

of Scleractinia. ( 英文 ). Cuif J-P. Palaeoworld, 

2010, 19(3-4): 357-367 

During the last three decades, a series of paleontological 

and biological results have 

brought considerable changes to the longstanding 

question of a possible relationship 

between the Paleozoic and modern corals. Microstructural 

descriptions of samples from the 

alpine outcrops (Salzkammergut and Dolomites) 

along with new specimens from Turkey 

have shown first that the classical Wells’ 

scheme have to be re-examined. Accordingly, 

several investigations based on molecular phylogeny 

have repeatedly led to the conclusion 

that, at the family level, the taxonomy inherited 

from Vaughan and Wells cannot be maintained. 

From an overall evolutionary viewpoint, 

agreement also exists between microstructural 

analysis and molecular phylogeny. 

A recently discovered Triassic family, the 

Pachythecalids, exhibits highly unexpected 

skeletal features and microstructures in both 

septa and walls. Additionally, structural relationships 

between walls and septa demonstrate 

a particular mode of growth, with ontogenic 

priority to the theca. Comparison of the corallite 

microstructures suggests that most of the 

Triassic fauna can be derived from this unique 

family by an evolutionary process during 

which the septal system became progressively 

prevalent upon the wall. This monophyly of 

the modern corals is also well supported by 

molecular phylogeny. 

The present concept of Scleractinia has to 

be re-examined because it cannot include neither 

Pachythecalids, probably related to the 

Late Permian Polycoelids, nor some other 

post-Paleozoic corals, including extant 

76

Guyniidae, with long recognized specific 

structural patterns. 

2010040254 

北美雷德里弗 - 斯托尼山脉省奥陶纪 

liberosessile 型单体四射珊瑚的稳定性策略 

和水动力特性 = Stability strategies and hydrodynamic 

behavior of liberosessile solitary 

rugose corals (Ordovician; Red River–Stony 

Mountain Province, North America). ( 英文 ). 

Elias R J. Palaeoworld, 2010, 19(3-4): 368- 

373 

In the Late Ordovician Red River–Stony 

Mountain Province of North America, four 

closely related genera of solitary rugose corals 

are represented exclusively by liberosessile 

species: Salvadorea, Grewingkia, Deiracorallium, 

and Lobocorallium. These rugosans 

benefitted from innovative and in some cases 

unique strategies involving corallum form, 

which improved stability with respect to the 

substrate and currents, and took advantage of 

water flow during life. Trochoid form was a 

compromise for ensuring adequate stabilization 

of the corallum by sediment, while keeping 

the calice rim sufficiently elevated above 

the substrate. In life orientation with the convex 

cardinal side of the corallum facing down, 

triangulate and trilobate cross-sectional shapes 

offered resistance to lateral tipping or rotation. 

Depressed coralla resisted gravity-induced 

subsidence or tilting. With the convex side 

facing downcurrent, the streamlined shape of 

compressed and triangulate forms improved 

stability by reducing drag. Trilobate form may 

have had a drag-reducing “splitter plate” effect. 

Strategies for drag reduction were especially 

beneficial for corals inhabiting relatively 

high-energy environments, but the 

greatest significance may have been in reducing 

fatalities due to dislodgement during 

storms. The hydrodynamic behavior of coralla 

in life position, especially if leaning downcurrent, 

resulted in beneficial water flow. Vortices 

ascending from the substrate on the 

downcurrent side provided the polyp with water 

drawn from both the mainstream and the 

substrate surface. Such circulation facilitated 

feeding, enhanced the quantity and variety of 

food, and delivered other necessary substances. 

Wastes and gametes could be effectively expelled 

from the polyp and removed downcurrent 

without entrainment into the food-bearing 

flow. Functional analysis of the fascinating 

range of corallum forms in the Red River– 

Stony Mountain Province provides insight into 

paleobiology and paleoecology, which is applicable 

to many Paleozoic solitary rugosans. 

2010040255 

四射珊瑚的特征和它们的功能间的相似性 

可指示系统分类的亲缘关系吗 ? = Does 

similarity in rugosan characters and their functions 

indicate taxonomic relationship?. ( 英文 ). 

Fedorowski J. Palaeoworld, 2010, 19(3-4): 

374-381 

Functional analysis of changes in shape and 

arrangement of septa in the genera Zaphrentites, 

Caninia, and Ufimia allows one to move 

slightly beyond the usual boundaries of description 

and to ask why the arrangement in 

Zaphrentites is permanent, but becomes radial 

in Caninia and bilateral in Ufimia? This may 

be explained in terms of changing function 

and biological role of major septa in the ontogeny. 

The creation of open space to accommodate 

strongly developed mesenteries is proposed as 

an explanation for the shortening and radial 

arrangement of axially free septa in mature 

Caninia, whereas the development of a slit on 

an oral disc, increasing water flow through the 

gastro-vascular cavity, is postulated for 

Ufimia. Both solutions point towards increased 

effectiveness of feeding and oxygenation, 

necessary for the growing organism. 

Such a conclusion negates the simple application 

of a given arrangement of septa as an indicator 

of taxonomic relationship. 

2010040256 

波兰西里西亚中三叠世早期六射珊瑚斑礁 

生长的环境控制 = Environmental controls on 

growth of early scleractinian patch reefs 

(Middle Triassic; Silesia; Poland). ( 英文 ). 

Morycowa E; Szulc J. Palaeoworld, 2010, 

19(3-4): 382-388 

Anisian scleractinian corals are known from 

the Lower and Middle Muschelkalk of the 

Cracow-Silesian region, but in bioherms they 

occur only in the western part, i.e., in the Upper 

Silesian area, in the higher part of the 

Lower Muschelkalk (Karchowice Beds). Silesian 

reefs of Anisian (middle Pelsonian-early 

Illyrian) age are, so far, the oldest in situ coral 

reefs following the Permian/Triassic extinction. 

In Anisian time, Silesian corals formed a 

Tethys marginal reefal rim, separating offshore 

Tethyan open marine waters from the 

backreef area (Germanic Basin). The shallowwater 

coral-bearing facies capped sponge 

buildups, following a general shallowing trend 

in the basin. Final emersion in the early Illyr- 

77

ian halted coral reef growth. Anisian scleractinian 

corals appear to have been 

zooxanthellate, as suggested in Morycowa, 

1988. 

2010040257 

形态对四射珊瑚和床板珊瑚多样性的限制 

= Morphological limits to diversification of 

the rugose and tabulate corals. ( 英文 ). Poty E. 

Palaeoworld, 2010, 19(3-4): 389-400 

At the family level, the evolution in the 

compound rugose corals is usually characterized 

by the progressive integration of corallites. 

This type of evolution corresponds to 

paedomorphic processes in the astogeny of 

colonies: the separation of the daughter polyp 

from the parent being progressively delayed as 

compared to the development of the other 

characters. At the end of the lineage, relations 

between mature polyps are similar to those 

existing in the first stages of the increase in 

the ancestor. 

Tabulate corals are strictly colonial and 

usually have connections between polyp cavities. 

They can develop colonies similar to 

those known in the compound rugose corals 

(fasciculate or massive), but also other forms 

(such as cateniform, ramose and coenenchymal). 

However, a relative separation of growth 

habit exists between rugose and tabulate corals 

from their radiation during the Ordovician. 

Besides the differences in colony shapes, 

corallite diameters are generally larger in the 

Rugosa than in Tabulata. 

Several crises affected Palaeozoic corals, 

and some of them caused the disappearance of 

major morphotypes. After these crises, neither 

the surviving tabulate nor the rugose corals 

gave rise to new taxa with these forms. The 

evolutionary processes in post-crisis coral recovery 

correspond mainly to heterochronic 

processes. These proceed within the limits of 

ontogenetic (or astogenetic) variability and do 

not allow innovations such as a type of colonial 

development that is not a usual type of 

increase within a taxon. Therefore, the replacement 

of extinct habits by an evolutionary 

convergence of taxa with other major habits 

does not occur in Palaeozoic corals. These 

evolutionary processes probably differ from 

those acting during an original evolutionary 

radiation. 

2010040258 

四射珊瑚 Schoenophyllum 属下石炭统谢尔 

普霍夫阶代表分子的异常偏移 = Unusual 

offsetting in Serpukhovian (Lower Carboniferous) 

representatives of the rugose coral genus 

Schoenophyllum Simpson, 1900. ( 英文 ). 

Rodríguez S; Bamber E. W. Palaeoworld, 

2010, 19(3-4): 401-409 

Schoenophyllum has been described as a 

columellate, fasciculate genus in which the 

corallites bear slender lateral processes regarded 

as supporting structures or as tubules 

connecting adjacent corallites. Recent investigation 

of Serpukhovian specimens from the 

Etherington Formation and its lateral equivalents 

in western Canada has shown these lateral 

processes to be sub-horizontal to moderately 

elevated tubule-like structures forming 

the initial stages of new offsets and commonly 

containing tabulae. They locally reach and 

may interfere with the walls of neighbouring 

corallites, but remain structurally distinct from 

them and do not allow communication between 

parent and adjacent corallites. The initial, 

tubule-like stage is followed by a steeply 

elevated to vertical, sparsely septate stage in 

which the axial structure is developed as a 

prolongation of the cardinal septum. The origin 

and nature of the axial structure suggests 

assignment of Schoenophyllum to the family 

Petalaxidae. 

2010040259 

两个连续的三叠纪珊瑚动物群之间均匀习 

态光谱与系统分类不一致 : 诺利阶内动物 

群倒转的证据 = Uniform habit spectrum vs. 

taxonomic discrepancy between two succeeding 

Triassic coral faunas: A proof of the intra- 

Norian faunal turnover. ( 英文 ). Roniewicz E. 

Palaeoworld, 2010, 19(3-4): 410-413 

Triassic coral fauna from the Tethys Ocean 

contains, besides colonial cerioid, meandroid 

and thamnasterioid corals, a high percentage 

of solitary and pseudocolonial, phaceloid corals 

with exclusively epithecal walls, about 

one-fifth of the genera with micromorphology 

of septa having pennules or menianes. These 

features are significant indications of moderate 

depth environments of low energy level 

and reduced illumination. Despite a uniform 

spectrum of growth forms, microstructural 

criteria allow discriminating a middle Anisianearly 

Norian (A2-N1) fauna from the middle/late 

Norian-Rhaetian (N2/3-R) one. Taxonomy 

of the two faunas shows meaningful 

differences: of four families that dominated in 

A2-N1 fauna, Volzeiidae, Conophylliidae, and 

Tropiastraeidae are absent from the N2/3-R 

fauna and Margarophylliidae are present in a 

considerably reduced volume. As a consequence 

of reduction of the earlier corals, par- 

78

ticular morphologies were eliminated. In the 

N2/3-R fauna, five families are abundant: the 

solitary and phaceloid Reimaniphyllidae and 

Stylophyllidae, along with colonial Cuifastraeidae, 

Pamiroseriidae and Astraeomorphidae, 

all known as rare and rudimentary elements 

in the earlier fauna. 

This change in faunal content in the Tethys 

during the Norian was controlled by environmental 

factor(s) hardly identifiable by simple 

observation, as this is not connected with any 

obvious facies or change in coral growth form. 

2010040260 

爱尔兰杜内晚期泥丘中群体四射珊瑚的一 

个新属种及其生态共生组合及沉积环境 = 

A new genus and species of colonial rugose 

coral from late Tournaisian (Waulsortian) 

mud-mounds in Ireland: Its ecological associations 

and depositional setting. ( 英文 ). Somerville 

I D; Rodríguez S. Palaeoworld, 2010, 

19(3-4): 414-425 

A new genus and species of fasciculate 

rugose coral, Howthia suttonensis Somerville 

and Rodríguez, has been recorded from Howth 

peninsula, County Dublin, Ireland, in Waulsortian 

mud-mound limestones of upper Tournaisian 

age. The new colonial genus is characterized 

by having an axophyllid axial structure, 

steeply inclined tabellae, and presence of interseptal 

and lonsdaleoid dissepiments. It 

evolved probably from a solitary Axophyllum 

by the development of peripheral offsets. This 

new taxon may have been an ecological pioneer 

adapting to a specialised niche near the 

top of a large Waulsortian mud-mound in 

shallower water than most Waulsortian settings 

and, as such, may have provided a novel 

evolutionary opportunity. Howthia suttonensis 

is associated with Amplexocarinia and an unusual 

form of ‘Fasciculophyllum’, both of 

which display budding and protocoloniality, 

as well as the fasciculate tabulate coral Syringopora. 

2010040261 

美国南佛罗里达更新世群体状、非共生珊 

瑚和巨大钻孔者 = Colonial form, free-living 

corals, and macroborers from the Pleistocene 

of South Florida. ( 英文 ). Sorauf J E. Palaeoworld, 

2010, 19(3-4): 426-434 

Study of corallum shape in free-living colonies 

of Manicina, Siderastrea and Solenastraea 

collected from the Pleistocene Bermont 

formation in southern Florida indicates 

that they were mobile, either self-righting 

(Manicina), or rotatory (Siderastrea and Solenastraea), 

with colony forms that are the result 

of movement during growth. In rotatory 

corals, growth of a radial and centrifugal nature 

away from the corallum center indicates 

that rolling was frequent enough to maintain 

the health of individual corallites along the 

skeleton's entire spherical surface, as postulated 

previously by several authors. Postmortem 

sponge boring and boring of sipunculid 

worms and the bivalves Lithophaga and 

Gastrochaena during the life of these colonies 

were common. Colonization by barnacles during 

the life of some colonies also occurred, but 

they were generally overgrown. Boring of rotatory 

coralla decreased the mass of the skeleton 

and probably increased the ease and frequency 

of rolling of round colonies. The presence 

of these rotatory coralla strongly suggests 

that the lower Bermont sediments accumulated 

on and around shallow banks populated 

by numerous free-living corals and some 

fixed corals such as branching Porites, along 

with a diverse molluscan assemblage indicative 

of a Thalassia (turtle grass) community. 

The Pleistocene Bermont formation also contains 

numerous well-preserved colonies of 

Manicina areolata, indicative of deposition in 

shallow subtidal environments with abundant 

sea grass. This species was well-suited to life 

in this environment, and to overturning by 

current action, as it has the capacity to right 

itself after overturning, either biologically or 

hydrodynamically or both. The Bermont 

specimens of Manicina all (100%) possess a 

flat or slightly concave base, typical of selfrighting 

forms. Colonies collected in the Bermont 

formation show several types of macroborers, 

sponges, sipunculid worms, but 

above all, the bivalve genera Lithophaga and 

Gastrochaena as well as epibionts, bryozoans 

and serpulid worms. Manicina is associated 

stratigraphically with rotatory colonies of Siderastrea 

radians, but the two have not been 

found within the same lamina. However, the 

two, taken together, provide strong indications 

of depositional environments on banks populated 

by sea grasses and associated fauna. 

苔藓动物 

2010040262 

斯瓦尔巴 Spitsberge 南部和中部下二叠统 

苔藓虫 = Lower Permain bryozoans from 

southern and central Spitsberge, Svalbard. ( 英 

文 ). Nakren H R; Blazejowski B; Gazdzicki A. 


677-698 

79

Twenty species are idenified, including one 

new genus, Toulapora gen. nov., with Toulapora 

svlbardense as type species and one new 

species, Ascopora birkenmajeri sp. nov. the 

taxonomic composition is typical Lower Permian, 

with species in common with Timan- 

Pechora and the Urals (Russia) and Ellesmere 

Island (the canadian Arctic). Growth habits 

reflect a moderately to deeper shelf environment. 

2010040263 

伊朗 Alborz 中部 Geirud 组 ( 上泥盆统 - 下石 

炭统 ) 狭管苔藓虫 = Stenolaemate bryozoans 

from the Geirud Formation (Upper Devonian/Lower 

Carboniferous) of Central Alborz 

(Iran). ( 英文 ). Ernst A; Mohammadi M. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(4): 439- 

447 

Two bryozoan species are described from 

the Geirud Formation. Trepostome Schulgina 

mutabilis is known from the Upper Devonian 

of Central Kazakhstan. The new species Ascopora 

geirudensis n. sp. is the earliest known 

representative of the rhabdomesine genus 

Ascopora Trautschold, 1876. 

2010040264 

西撒哈拉地区泥盆纪隐口类苔藓虫新属种 

稀有骨骼形态和系统描述 = Unusual skeletal 

morphology and systematic description of a 

new Devonian cryptostome bryozoan from the 

Western Sahara. ( 英文 ). Ernst A; Konigshof P; 

Schafer P. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2009, 

83(4): 449-457 

In a new bryozoan genus from the Middle 

Devonian of the Western Sahara described 

here, styles do not protrude on the colony surface 

and are embedded within the laminated 

skeleton. They consist of fibrous material. The 

general morphology of the new bryozoan, 

Cryptostyloecia hexapuncta gen. et. n. sp., 

implies its systematic position within ptilodictyine 

cryptostomes, specifically the Family 

Ptilodictyidae Zillel, 1880. 

2010040265 

根据苔藓虫确定早上新世文德尔海的季节 

性 = Early Pliocene Weddell Sea seasonality 

determined from bryozoans. ( 英文 ). Clark N; 

Williams M; Okamura B; Smellie J; Nelson A; 

Taylor P. Stratigraphy, 2010, 7(2-3): 199-206 

Early Pliocene cheilostome bryozoans are 

preserved in a glacigenic diamictite at Cascade 

Cliffs, James Ross Island, northern Antarctic 

Peninsula. Several different marine 

bryozoan genera were incorporated into the 

diamictite during Pliocene ice advance(s). 

Bryozoan zooid-size Mean Annual Range of 

Temperature (zs-MART) analysis provides 

estimates of seasonality which suggest that 

mean annual marine temperatures for the 

James Ross Island region varied by at least 4.3 

degrees C and possibly by as much as 10.3 

degrees C during the Early Pliocene. This 

represents much greater seasonality for the 

northern Weddell Sea than seen at the present 

day (MART ca 2 degrees C). A cluster of zs- 

MART values between 6.6 degrees C and 7.7 

degrees C from four colonies of the bryozoan 

Dakariella are considered to represent the 

most reliable range of seasonality estimates. 

Although we cannot determine absolute sea 

temperatures, increased seasonality signals an 

overall warmer climate for the Weddell Sea 

region at the time that the bryozoans were living. 

腕足动物 

2010040266 

中国南部长兴地区层型剖面和底面横跨 

Wuchiapingian-Changhsingian 界线层的腕 

足动物群 = Brachiopod faunas across the 

Wuchiapingian-Changhsingian (Late Permian) 

boundary at the stratotype section and subsurface 

of changxing area, South China. ( 英文 ). 

Chen Zhong-Qiang; Liao Zhuo-Ting. Neues 


2009, 254(3): 315-335 

This paper describes 18 species in 15 

brachiopod genera. The late Wuchiapingian 

brachiopods of the Changxing areas are dominated 

by large species such as Tyloploecta 

yangtzeensis, Niutoushania niutoushanensis, 

Edriosteges poyangensis, Orthothetina ruber,and 

Permophricodothyris grandis. These 

elements also characterize the Wuchiapingian 

faunas across the entire South China. 

2010040267 

达吉斯坦早白垩世 ( 贝里阿斯期 - 巴列姆 

期 ) 三叠纪小嘴贝类的壳体结构 = Shell 

structure of the Early Cretaceous (Berriasian- 

Barremian) Rhynchonellids from Dagestan. 

( 英文 ). Smirnova T N; Chen Xingyui. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(4): 395-398 1 图 

版 . 

The shell structure of five rhynchonellid 

species from the Lower Cretaceous of Dagestan 

was studied for the first time. The primary 

layer is rarely preserved in fossil rhynchonellids. 

Most of the species studied have a primary 

layer composed of prismatic calcite, one 

80

species has a finely granulated primary layer. 

The secondary fibrous layer consists of crossing 

bundles of fibers the (throughout shell 

thickness) and parallel bundles of fibers on the 

valve bottom. 

2010040268 

格陵兰和拉布拉多早寒武世腕足类 

mickwitziid 干群的新名 Setatella significans 

= Setatella significans, a new name for 

mickwitziid stem group brachiopods from the 

lower Cambrian of Greenland and Labrador. 

( 英文 ). Skovsted CB; Streng M; Knight I; 

Holmer LE. GFF, 2010, 132(2): 117-122 

Setatella significans gen. et sp. nov. 

from the Lower Cambrian of North-East 

Greenland, originally described under the 

name 'Mickwitzia cf. occidens', is introduced 

as a probable stem group brachiopod. Newly 

collected specimens of Setatella significans 

from the Forteau Formation of southern Labrador 

exhibit new morphological details and 

provide a better understanding of its ontogeny. 

Setatella significans differs from species of 

Mickwitzia in having a ventral pseudointerarea 

and hemiperipheral growth in both valves. 

Setatella significans probably belongs to the 

derived stem group of the Linguliformea that 

can be differentiated from the more primitive 

Mickwitzia. The geographic range of Setatella 

is extended to southern Labrador. 

2010040269 

俄罗斯地台弗拉斯阶 ( 晚泥盆世 ) 石燕类 

( 腕足类 ) 生物带分布的再修订 = Continuing 

of the Revision of Spriferid (Brachiopoda) 

Zonal Species. ( 英文 ). N V Oleneva. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(5): 494-502 7 图 

版 . 

Adolfia siratschoica (Ljaschenko) and 

Adolfia krestovnikovi (Ljaschenko) are accepted 

as zonal species of the Petino and Voronezh 

Horizons of the Frasnian Stage of the 

Russian Platform. However it was established 

that these species do not belong to the genus 

Adolfia. The former species was recognized as 

the nomenclatural type species of Ljaschenkovia 

gen. nov. and the latter species was recognized 

as the type species of Tokmospirifer 

gen. nov. The comparative analysis provided 

of the shell structure, microornamentation, and 

shell interior of the type species of Ljaschenkovia 

gen. nov., Tokmospirifer brevis gen. et sp. 

nov., and Adolfia solita Ljaschenko is presented. 

2010040270 

西班牙北部 Palentian 地区吉维阶腕足类动 

物群 = Givetian Brachiopod faunas of the 

Palentian domain ( N Spain ). ( 英文 ). Garcia- 

Alcalde J L. Revista Espanola de paleontologia, 

2010, 25(1): 43-69 

In this paper nine brachiopod species (three 

new) of the Givetian interval are described 

and figured. the genera Skenidium, Rhyssochonetes, 

Ambothyris, Cingulodermis, 

Parastringocephalus, and Ense are cited in 

Spain for the first time. The Spanish Ense andrea 

specimens are endopunctate and a sectioned 

shell shows a centronelliform 

brachidium. The terebratulid nature of the 

species iscertain and the features referred to 

above and the external morphology of the 

shell are closer to the Subfamily Adreninae 

than to the Subfamily Mutationellinae where 

Ense had previously been tentatively included. 

2010040271 

西班牙北部一新而稀有的显窗孔型石燕贝 

腕足类 : 新属种 Leonispirifer leonensis = 

Leonispirifer leonensis gen. et sp. nov., a rare 

new delthyridoid spiriferid brachiopod from 

northern Spain (Brachiopoda, Lower Devonian). 

( 英文 ). Schemm-Gregory M. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(3): 345-364 

Leonispirifer, a new delthyridoid brachiopod 

genus characterized by capillate microornamentation 

with marginal microspines, 

very few ribs,and a brachidium consisting of 

spirals that have a small diameter and are oriented 

in the posterior direction, is identified 

from the Emsian La Vid Group in its type section 

in the Cantabrian Mountains in northern 

Spain. Its type species Leonispirifer leonensis 

is described and its phylogenetic origin from 

Fillispirifer is discussed. 

2010040272 

阿尔及利亚撒哈拉中部 Mouydir 地区石炭 

纪杜内阶腕足动物 = Late Tournaisian (Carboniferous) 

brachiopods from Mouydir (Central 

Sahara, Algeria). ( 英文 ). Mottequin B; 

Legrand-Blain M. Geological Journal, 2010, 

45(4): 353-374 

A small-sized brachiopod fauna, representing 

an orthid, rhynchonellid and spiriferid 

community which lived in a low-energy environment, 

is reported from the lower part of the 

Argiles de Teguentour and was collected 

around Oued Tamertasset (or Temertasset) 

and Oued Habadra in north-western Mouydir 

(Algerian Sahara). Associated goniatites indicate 

an early Late Tournaisian age (Pericy- 

81

clus–Progoniatites assemblage). Thirteen 

brachiopod species belonging to 12 genera 

and 5 orders (Productida, Orthida, Rhynchonellida, 

Athyridida and Spiriferida) are 

described. Mouydirhynchus is proposed as a 

new rhynchonellid genus and the species 

Rhipidomella prolifica, Mouydirhynchus quietus 

and Eomartiniopsis mouydirensis are new. 

The other described taxa are the following: 

Chonetipustula? sp., strophalosioid gen. et sp. 

indet., Schizophoria sp., trigonirhynchiid gen. 

indet. sp. A, trigonirhynchiid gen. indet. sp. B, 

Hemiplethorhynchus? sp., Coveenia? sp., Crurithyris 

cf. fissa, Punctothyris? sp., and elythid 

gen. et sp. indet. 

2010040273 

爱尔兰西部南马尤地区晚奥陶世桑比阶 

Mweelrea 组腕足动物 = Late Ordovician 

(Sandbian) brachiopods from the Mweelrea 

Formation, South Mayo, western Ireland: 

stratigraphic and tectonic implications.. ( 英文 ). 

Harper D A T; Parkes M A; McConnell B J. 

Geological Journal, 2010, 45(4): 445–450 

A Late Ordovician (Sandbian), Scoto- 

Appalachian brachiopod fauna from the 

Mweelrea Formation in western Ireland confirms 

a location for the South Mayo Trough 

adjacent to the Laurentian margin, characterized 

at this time by a succession of marine 

excursions over fluviatile environments. The 

new, younger biostratigraphical data help to 

constrain the timing of late Grampian folding 

of this part of the South Mayo Trough. 

软体动物 

2010040274 

南美洲热带地区的新近纪 Tonnoidean 腹足 

类 : 对多米尼加共和国和巴拿马古生物以 

及中美洲地峡抬升的贡献 = Neogene Tonnoidean 

Gastropods of Tropical and South 

America: contributions to the Dominican Republic 

and Panama Paleontology Projects and 

uplift of the Central American Isthmus. ( 英文 ). 

Beu A G. Bulletin of American Paleontology, 

2010, (377): 1-500 79 图版 . 

The 142 species of tonnoidean gastropods 

recorded from the Neogene to Recent faunas 

of tropical America (Mexico, and a few taxa 

from Florida and California, south to Ecuador 

and Brazil) are revised, along with the 12 species 

of Neogene to Recent Personidae and Ranellidae 

occurring in Chile and Argentina. 

Taxa included are: (1) BURSIDAE: Bursa, 11 

species, including the eastern Atlantic species 

B. scrobilator (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Pliocene 

and Pleistocene of tropical America; 

Aspa marginata (Gmelin, 1791), an eastern 

Atlantic species recorded in the Pliocene- 

Pleistocene of Limón, Costa Rica; Crossata, 

with one eastern Pacific species (California to 

Peru); Marsupina, five species, including M. 

judensis n. sp. (Miocene, Punta Judas, Costa 

Rica). (2) PERSONIDAE: Distorsio, 12 species, 

including D. biangulata n. sp and D. 

jungi n. sp. (both Miocene, Cantaure, Venezuela); 

Personopsis, one Recent species. (3) 

RANELLIDAE, RANELLINAE: Argobuccinum, 

one species; Fusitriton, three species; 

Halgyrineum, one species; Priene, one Chilean 

species; Ranella, three species, including 

R. chilena n. sp. (Oligocene-Miocene, Chile); 

Ameranella, one species. (4) RANELLIDAE, 

CYMATIINAE: Cabestana, one living 

southwestern Atlantic species; Charonia, three 

species; Crassicymatium crassicordatum n. 

gen., n. sp. (Oligocene-Miocene, Chile); Cymatium, 

four species; Gelagna, one species; 

Gutturnium, one species; Linatella, one species; 

Monoplex, 31 species, including M. gatunicus 

n. sp. (Miocene, Panama), M. jackwinorum 

n. sp. (Miocene, Venezuela), M. longispira 

n. sp. (Miocene, Dominican Republic), 

M. panamensis n. sp. (Miocene-Pliocene, both 

coasts of Panama), and two species left unnamed; 

Ranularia, three species; Reticutriton, 

five species, one left unnamed; Septa, two 

species, including S. landaui n. sp. (Miocene- 

Pliocene, Dominican Republic); Turritriton, 

four species; Sassia, seven species, including 

S. warreni n. sp.; Cymatiella, one species, C. 

vokesorum n. sp. (the last two both Miocene- 

Pliocene, Dominican Republic). (5) CASSI- 

DAE, CASSINAE: Cassis, 12 species, including 

C. altispira n. sp. (Plio-Pleistocene, Dominican 

Republic, Atlantic Costa Rica, and 

Panama) and C. costulifera n. sp. (Pliocene, 

Atlantic Costa Rica, and Panama); Cypraecassis, 

six species, including C. cantaurana n. sp. 

(Miocene, Cantaure, Venezuela); Galeodea, 

one species; Sconsia, six species. (6) CASSI- 

DAE, OOCORYTHINAE: Dalium, two species; 

Oocorys, one species. (7) CASSIDAE, 

PHALIINAE: Echinophoria, three species; 

Semicassis, five species. (8) TONNIDAE: Eudolium, 

one species; Malea, nine species, including 

two unnamed; Tonna, two species. 

Although Ficus is now included in the superfamily 

Ficoidea, and most tropical American 

Ficidae are not included here, the three Ficus 

species in the Dominican Republic are described 

in an Appendix: F. bernardi n. sp., F. 

gibsonsmithi n. sp., and F. lisselongata n. 

82

sp.Neosconsia ecuadoriana Olsson, 1942 

(Pliocene, Ecuador), is transferred to the family 

Buccinidae. The Argentinean Oligocene/Miocene 

species Ocenebra (?) rada 

(Ihering, 1907), Xymene obliteratus 

(Cossmann, 1899), and Urosalpinx (sensu lato) 

dautzenbergi (Ihering, 1897) are transferred to 

the family Muricidae. Ipunina vladimiri Nielsen 

& Frassinetti, 2008 (Litiopidae; formerly 

thought to be an Oocorys species), is recorded 

from Cantaure, Venezuela. Charonia seguenzae 

(Aradas & Benoit, 1870) is a fourth Recent 

Charonia species limited to the eastern 

Mediterranean Sea. 

2010040275 

多米尼加共和国的新近纪古生 

物 .23 . Cibao 谷地的凤螺科腹足类 

(Strombus 属和 Lobatus 属 ; 软体动物 

门 : 腹足纲 : 凤螺科 ) = Neogene paleontology 

of the Northern Dominican Republic. 

23. Strombid Gastropods (Genera Strombus 

and Lobatus; Mollusca: Gastropoda: Strombidae) 

of the Cibao Valley. ( 英文 ). Robert 

Freiheit James; Geary Dana H. Bulletin of 

American Paleontology, 2009, (376): 1-54 9 

图版 . 

Gastropods of the family Strombidae are 

well-known and important constituents of 

modern tropical marine communities.The biology 

of several modern species has been 

thoroughly investigated due to their economic 

value as a human food resource. Unlike many 

gastropods, strombids undergo pseudodeterminate 

growth; they therefore present 

intriguing possibilities for investigation of 

size-related patterns of change. Unfortunately, 

they also display a wide degree of intraspecific 

morphologic variation, making reliable determination 

of species identity difficult. 

In this paper, we examine members of this 

family from the late Miocene and early Pliocene 

deposits of the Cibao Valley, located in 

the northwestern portion of the Dominican 

Republic on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola. 

After brief descriptions of the general 

geologic setting of the Cibao Valley and the 

biology of modern strombids, we delineate the 

observed geographic and stratigraphic ranges 

for species of Strombus and Lobatus in the 

Cibao Valley. At least 11 species of strombids 

have been reported from the Dominican Republic. 

Based on the high degree of 

intraspecific morphologic variation common 

in these genera and upon examination of individual 

specimens, we synonomize several 

older names and recognize only five species in 

two genera from the Cibao sequence: S. bifrons, 

S. proximus, L. haitensis, L. galliformis, 

and L. dominator. 

We describe some aspects of strombid paleoecology 

and summarize spatiotemporal 

patterns of distribution. Differences exist between 

modern strombid populations and our 

collections of Miocene Dominican ones; 

strombids of the Cibao Valley are in general 

smaller and appear to have occupied somewhat 

different habitats than those of their 

modern relatives. 

2010040276 

纽约州的晚泥盆世棱菊石 ( 头足纲 , 菊石 

目 ) = Late Devonian Goniatites (Cephalopoda, 

Ammonoidea) from New York State. 

( 英文 ). House M R; Kirchgasser W T. Bulletin 

of American Paleontology, 2008, (374): 1- 

288 98 图版 . 

This paper is a revision of the classic nineteenth 

century goniatite collections from the 

Devonian of New York State described by 

James Hall and John M. Clarke. Type material 

is illustrated photographically, mostly for the 

first time; the taxonomy is revised, and ontogenetic 

and statistical data are given, where 

possible. Detailed biostratigraphic work is 

reported through the late Givetian, Frasnian, 

and Famennian, aimed at determining the precise 

horizon and location of primary material 

at 184 localities. A description of the considerable 

additional goniatite material is integrated 

with that of the classic type specimens 

to treat the faunas systematically and as a 

whole. Noteworthy is the different contribution 

to knowledge provided by a range of 

preservation patterns, especially of the material 

preserved as barite replacements from the 

Cashaqua Shale. The goniatite-bearing horizons 

are mostly associated with transgressive 

pulses that punctuate the Catskill Delta succession. 

The major ones are the upper Tully 

Limestone, the Geneseo and Renwick black 

shales, the Genundewa Limestone, and the 

Middlesex, Rhinestreet, Pipe Creek, and Dunkirk 

black shales. 

The refined goniatite succession reported is 

perhaps the most detailed known in the world 

through the in terval studied. The New York 

faunal levels are correlated with those known 

elsewhere, especially with Old World successions, 

and with the new international standard 

established by Becker & House (2000). Minor 

regional variations give a more detailed Appalachian 

regional zonation of 25 zones, which 

is integrated with the international standard. 

83

The succession associated with the major late 

Givetian faunal turnover (Taghanic Event) is 

described, and the influence of sea level 

changes and anoxia on faunal entry and diversification 

is reviewed. Very little endemicity is 

recognized in the faunas, apart from the multilobed 

Triainoceratidae that are well developed 

in the mid-Frasnian of central New York. The 

late Frasnian succession associated with the 

Lower and Upper Kellwasser Events is documented. 

Parallel conodont work provides correlation 

with the conodont zonation scale. 

New taxa described are Koenenites styliophylus 

kilfoylei n. ssp., Koenenites beckeri n. sp., 

Sandbergeroceras? enfieldense n. sp., and 

Manticoceras sinuosum clausium n. ssp.; the 

older names sinuosum Hall, 1843, and tardum 

Clarke, 1898, are regarded as subspecies of 

Manticoceras sinuosum (Hall, 1843). Lectotypes 

are designated for Pharciceras tridens (G. 

& F. Sandberger, 1850), Sandbergeroceras 

syngonum Clarke, 1897, Acanthocly menia ge 

nundewa (Clarke, 1898), Chutoceras nundaium 

(Hall, 1874), Koenenites styliophilus 

styliophilus (Clarke, 1898), K. ?fasciculatus 

(Clarke, 1898),Manticoceras contractum 

Clarke, 1898, M. sinuosum apprimatum 

Clarke, 1898, M. s inuosumtardum Clarke, 

1898, M. accelerans Clarke, 1897, Carinoceras 

sororium (Clarke, 1898), Delphiceras 

cataphractu m (Clarke, 1898), Sphaeromanticoceras 

rhynchostomum (Clarke, 1898), S. 

oxy (Clarke, 1897), Tornoceras uniangulare 

uniangulare(Conrad, 1842), and Truyolsoceras 

bicostatum (Hall, 1843). The Geneseo Limestone 

Horizon is proposed as a new informally 

named horizon of the Genesee Group. 

2010040277 

Barrandian 地区早泥盆世头足类的色彩模 

式 : 埋葬学和系统分类 = Clour patterns in 

Early Devonian cephalopods from the Barrandian 

Area: Taphonomy and taxonomy. ( 英文 ). 

Turek V. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 

2009, 54(3): 491-502 

Five cephalopod specimens from the Lower 

Devonian of Bohemia preserve colour patterns. 

They include two taxonomically undeterminable 

orthoceratoids and three oncocerid nautiloids 

assigned to the genus Ptenoceras. The 

two fragments of orthocone cephalopods from 

the lowest Devonian strata display colour patterns 

unusual in orthoceratoids. Other Devonian 

fossils including a single brachiopod and 

several gastropods from the Barrandian Area 

with preserved colour patterns are mentioned. 

Variety of cephalopod colour patterns, their 

taxonomic significance, function and significance 

for palaeoecological interpretation, palaeoenvironmental 

conditons favouring colour 

pattern preservation and systematic affiliation 

of taxa with colour pattern preserved are discussed. 

2010040278 

具异常色彩模式的志留纪微小肿角石类鹦 

鹉螺 = Minute Silurian oncocerid nautiloids 

with unusual colour patterns. ( 英文 ). Manda S; 

Turek V. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 

2009, 54(3): 503-512 

A minute Silurian oncocerid Cyrtoceras 

pollux, from the Prague Basin is assigned here 

to the genus Pomerantsoceras. The only so far 

known species of this genus comes from the 

Upper Ordovician of Estonia. Pomerantsoceras 

thus represents, except for un-revised 

poorly understood taxa, the single known oncocerid 

genus surviving the end-Ordovician 

extinction events. Cyrtoceras pollux is unusual 

among the Silurian nautiloids because of 

its small shell. Colour pattern characterised by 

a few longitudinal bands on the entire circumference 

of the shell is here reported in oncocerids. 

2010040279 

对 Prolyelliceras 属的新认识和 Acanthoceras 

gevreyi 的特性 = New insights on the 

genus Prolyelliceras Spath, 1930 and the identity 

of Acanthoceras gevreyi Jacob, 1907 

(Cephalopoda, Ammonitina). ( 英文 ). Latil J-L; 

Robert E; Bulot L-G. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie 

u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2009, 

254(3): 337-347 

Acanthoceras gevreyi originates from a 

condensed Albian horizon at La Perte du 

Rhone, Bellegarde (Ain, France). This species 

is still very poorly known and its taxonomic 

interpretation in the literature is most often 

erroneous. New and abundant material from 

SE France, North Africa and South America 

allows the revision of this taxon and shows 

that Lyelliceras flandrini, is one of its minor 

subjective synonyms. As a consequence the 

systematic position, stratigraphic range and 

palaeobiogeographic distribution of Acanthoceras 

gevreyi are discussed. Prolyelliceratidae 

fam. nov. is proposed. 

2010040280 

利比亚上马斯特里赫特阶北美船菊石 Discoscaphites 

iris 的首次记录 = First record of 

the North American scaphitid ammonite Discoscaphites 

iris from the upper Maastrichtian 

84

of Libya. ( 英文 ). Machalski M; Jagt J W M; 

Landman N H; Uberna J. Neues Jahrbuch fur 


2009, 254(3): 373-378 

This record significantly extends the geographic 

range of D. iris; it was previously 

known only from upper Maastrichtian strata 

aalong the Gulf Coast and Atlantic Seaboard 

of North America. The size of the Libyan 

specimen exceeds tha of all North American 

individuals of D. iris known to date, which 

suggests that it was a member of an indigenous 

Libyan population with North American 

ancestry, rather than a drift shell carried to 

North Africa by oceanic currents. 

2010040281 

下白垩统异态菊石 Pictetia 的系统分类位 

置 = The systematic position of the Lower 

Cretaceous heteromorthic ammonite Pictetia 

Uhlig, 1883. ( 英文 ). Hoffmann R; Keupp H; 

Wiese F. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2009, 

83(4): 521-532 

The heteromorphic ammonite genus Pictetia 

has previously been included in the Lytoceratidae. 

A reassessment of literature data 

and a demtailed analysis of the suture shows 

that Pictetia lacks a septal lobe as well as a 

bifid internal lobe and lateral lobe, all features 

indicative of the Lutoceratidae. 

2010040282 

德国南部侏罗纪腹足类一新属 Toarctocera 

和 Aporrhaidae 科的早期演化史 = Toarctocera 

(Gastropoda, Aporrhaidae): a new genus 

from the Jurassic (Toarcian/Aalenian) of 

South Germany and the early evolutionary 

history of the family Aporrhaidae. ( 英文 ). 

Grundel J; Nutzel A; Schulbert C. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(4): 533-543 

Toarctocera, a new gastropod genus of the 

family Aporrhaidae is described for Rostellaria 

subpunctata. It occurs in Central Europe 

and is commonly one of the most abundant 

gastropods in Late Toarcian/Early Aalenian 

soft bottom faunas. The new genus represents 

one of the earliest certain aporrhaids. Aporrhaids 

are probably as old as Late Triassic, 

and possible Triassic and Early Jurassic species 

are discussed. Spiniloma is probosed as a 

nomen novum in order to replace the homonym 

Spinigera and consequently the family 

Spinilomatinae replaces the Spinigeridae. The 

sister group of Stromboidea still needs to be 

identified. A previously suggested sister group 

relationship with the Heteropoda is seen as 

unlikely. 

2010040283 

黔北桐梓五峰组观音桥段双壳类和腹足类 

的生态意义 = Bivalves and Gastropods from 

the Ordovician Guanyinqiao Member of the 

Wufeng Formation in Tongzi , Guizhou,south 

China, and their ecological significance. ( 中 

文 ). 邓义楠 ; 王约 ; 陈洪德 ; 侯明才 ; 朱江 ; 赵明 

胜 . 地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(3): 328-333 1 图版 . 

黔北桐梓红花园地区的五峰组是华南地 

区奥陶系的重要剖面之一 , 在其以泥质灰岩 

为特征的五峰组观音桥段下部黑色含炭质 

钙质页岩和褐色粉砂岩中分别产有较为丰 

富的双壳类 Modiolopsis 和腹足类 

Holopea 。产双壳和腹足类的地层中岩性和 

生物具有差异性 , 表明观音桥段沉积早期的 

沉积环境具有多变的特征。横长卵形、较 

膨凸的 Modiolopsis 和其两瓣壳相连保存 

的标本表明为近原地埋藏 , 为弱水动力、有 

氧的、较浅水环境的软质基底。 

丰度较大的低圆锥形 Holopea 的不规则的 

壳顶指向指示了具一定水动力的、沙性基 

底的浅水环境。 

2010040284 

哈萨克斯坦 Tshegan 组稀有科属的腹足类 

= Gastropods of rare families from the 

Tshegan Formation of Kazakhstan. ( 英文 ). 

Amitrov O V. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 

44(4): 384-390 1 图版 . 

Eight gastropod species, rare in the Tshegan 

Formation, are considered. These species and 

six families, which include these species, were 

only mentioned in faunal lists of this formation 

(Amitrov, 1994, 2005). Two new species, 

Periaulax tsheganica sp. nov. (Trochidae) and 

Pusillina kazakhstanica sp. nov. (Rissoidae), 

are described. Other six species of the families 

Diastomatidae, Marginellidae, Melanellidae, 

and Mathildidae are figured and compared 

with related species; their distribution is discussed. 

2010040285 

中新世壳瓣状的腹足类分类位置及生态学 

特征 = On the taxonomic position of Miocene 

valvatiform gastropods and their ecological 

features. ( 英文 ). Iljina L B. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(4): 391-394 1 图版 . 

The assignment of tiny valvatiform gastropods 

from the Early Meotian and Early Chokrakian 

to Skenea Fleming, 1825, a genus of 

85

marine gastropods of the superfamily Trochoidea 

is substantiated. It is emphasized that 

Miocene Skenea belongs to an ecosystem 

connected with bryozoan bioherm buildups. 

2010040286 

新近纪 Melanopsis Ferussac ( 腹足纲 ) 的壳 

体形态和显微构造 = Shell morphology and 

microstructure of Neogene Melanopsis Ferussac 

(Gastropoda). ( 英文 ). Iljina L B; Frolov P 

D. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(5): 489- 

493 4 图版 . 

Representatives of the genus Melanopsis 

have an extraconch, a shell structure unusual 

for gastropods, which envelops several whorls, 

including the last whorl and up to two preceding 

whorls. Microstructural features of the 

shell are studied for the first time, using M. 

impressa Krauss as an example. It is shown 

that the extraconch is formed by the outer 

crossed-lamellar layer. 

2010040287 

澳大利亚新南威尔士 Lightning 山脉下白垩 

统 Griman Creek 组非海相沉积一种可能的 

琥珀螺类陆地蜗牛化石 = A possible succineid 

land snail from the Lower Cretaceous 

non-marine deposits of the Griman Creek 

Formation at Lightning Ridge, New South 

Wales. ( 英文 ). Hamilton-brucea R J; Kear B P. 

Alcheringa, 2010, 34(3): 325-331 

A diverse non-marine molluscan fauna has 

been recorded from the Lower Cretaceous 

(middle-upper Albian), low-energy, fluvial 

sediments of the Griman Creek Formation at 

Lightning Ridge in northern New South Wales. 

We describe a novel addition to this assemblage—a 

probable pulmonate gastropod that 

manifests features (including shell with an 

inflated body whorl, expansive aperture, and 

reduced spire/whorl count) consistent with 

Succineidae, an extant cosmopolitan family of 

terrestrial snails. The fossils are assigned to a 

new genus and species (Suratia marilynae), 

distinguishable from existing taxa by a combination 

of traits: shell with sculpturing limited 

to fine growth lines only, lunate body 

whorl with a rounded periphery, markedly 

flattened spire (comprising up to two whorls), 

which is almost flush with the apical surface 

and delineated by a deeply impressed sutural 

'gutter,' and presence of both a broad columellar 

plait and distinct columellar fold. The new 

taxon apparently constitutes the oldest pulmonate 

remains recorded from Australasia, 

and extends the known stratigraphical range of 

succineids back to the Lower Cretaceous in 

the Southern Hemisphere. 

2010040288 

澳大利亚维多利亚东南部澳洲 - 南极洲断裂 

早白垩世阿普特期早期淡水双壳类 = Early 

Aptian (Early Cretaceous) freshwater bivalves 

from the Australian-Antarctic rift, southeast 

Victoria. ( 英文 ). Thompsona D L; Stilwell J D. 

Alcheringa, 2010, 34(3): 345-357 

Australian Mesozoic freshwater and estuarine 

bivalves belonging to the Hyriidae, Glauconomidae 

and Sphaeriidae have been described 

from only a few localities in Queensland, 

New South Wales and South Australia, 

revealing a low-diversity fauna. The hyriids 

Megalovirgus flemingi McMichael, 1956, and 

Megalovirgus stirlingi sp. nov. are among the 

first Cretaceous freshwater bivalves to be described 

from Victoria and were recovered 

from upper Strezlecki Group (lower Aptian) 

strata, ca 4 km southwest of Inverloch, Gippsland 

Basin. These strata represent major fluvial 

flood deposits that accumulated in the 

Australia-Antarctica rift during the Early Cretaceous 

breakup of eastern Gondwana. The 

distribution of Megalovirgus flemingi in the 

Cretaceous of both New Zealand and Victoria 

indicates close links in the freshwater faunas 

between Zealandia and southeastern Australia 

during the Early Cretaceous. 

2010040289 

西班牙北部三叠纪 - 侏罗纪过渡带双壳类 = 

Bivalves from the Triassic-Jurassic transition 

in northern Spain (Asturias and western 

Basque-Cantabrian Basin). ( 英文 ). Marquez- 

Aliaga A; Damborenea S; Gomez J J;Goy A. 


Argentina, 2010, 47(2): 185-205 

Bivalve mollusks from the Triassic-Jurassic 

transition collected in eight localities in Asturias 

and the western Basque-Cantabrian Basin 

(Palencia province) are systematically revised. 

Preservation is poor at all localities. The 

dominant Rhaetian bivalves are Isocyprina 

concentrica (Moore) and Bakevellia (Bakevelloides) 

praecursor (Quenstedt). These species, 

together with Isocyprina cf. ewaldi (Bornemann), 

Pteromya cf. crowcombeia (Moore), 

Pseudoplacunopsis alpina (Winkler), and 

Modiolus? sp. (cf. minims J. Sowerby), with a 

specimen of Arcestidae (?), belong to an assemblage 

similar to that found in the Westbury 

and Lilstock formations (Penarth Group) 

in the late Rhaetian of southern England. The 

most abundant Hettangian species is Iso- 

86

cyprina (Eotrapezium) germari (Dunker). 

Others are referred to Cuneigervillia rhombica 

(Cossmann), Sphaeriola? sp., Eomiodon? sp. 

and Pteromya cf. tatei (Richardson and 

Tutcher). All Hettangian shell beds examined 

are monotypic or have very low diversity, a 

biological indication that they may belong to a 

restricted marine environment, with high environmental 

stress levels. Even the more diverse 

assemblage (Pteromya-Cuneigervillia- 

Eomiodon) was probably also salinity controlled. 

The fauna analyzed here clearly belongs 

to the same facies and environment as 

those described from Aquitaine (France) and 

the Pyrenees and is different from coeval bivalve 

assemblages from other European Hettangian 

localities. The Triassic-Jurassic 

boundary cannot be precisely located at the 

studied sections on the basis of the bivalve 

faunas alone, but these indicate that the transition 

beds in Asturias were deposited in a marginal 

marine environment and the benthic 

fauna was dominated by shallow burrowing, 

suspensivorous bivalves. 

2010040290 

波兰东南部 Hrebenne 地区早马斯特里赫特 

期的菊石和鹦鹉螺以及 Acanthoscaphites 

tridens (Kner, 1848) 的表型可塑性 : 述评 = 

Early Maastrichtian ammonites and nautiloids 

from Hrebenne, southeast Poland, and phenotypic 

plasticity of Acanthoscaphites tridens 

(Kner, 1848): A commentary. ( 英文 ). Machalski 

M. Cretaceous Research, 2010, 31(6): 

593-595 2 图版 . 

A recent attempt by Kin (2010, Cretaceous 

Research 31, 27–60) to reject dimorphism of a 

giant, early Maastrichtian scaphitid ammonite 

Acanthoscaphites tridens is not substantiated 

by the data presented by this author, which are 

of poor quality, and thus inadequate for testing 

biological hypotheses. Six “phenomorphic” 

classes proposed by Kin for the material of A. 

tridens from Hrebenne and other European 

localities, are purely typologic, arbitrary categories 

of no biological significance. Moreover, 

these categories are inadequately defined, 

even as for typologic standards. In contrast, a 

combination of size, relative height of the 

body chamber, shape of the umbilicus, and 

extent of the ventrolateral and ventral tubercles 

in the conchs of mature individuals of A. 

tridens, allows for a reliable discrimination of 

merely two natural classes in samples of this 

species. These classes may be referred to as 

microconchs and macroconchs, in full accordance 

with the views of earlier authors. 

2010040291 

埃及东部沙漠的 Wadi Araba 西部地区上 

赛诺曼阶 — 土伦阶 ( 上白垩统 ) 的菊石 = 

Upper Cenomanian–Turonian (Upper Cretaceous) 

ammonoids from the western Wadi 

Araba, Eastern Desert, Egypt. ( 英文 ). Nagma 

E; Wilmsenb M; Alyc M F; Hewaidya A G. 

Cretaceous Research, 2010, 31(5): 473-499 9 

图版 . 

The Cenomanian–Turonian (C–T) successions 

(Galala and Maghra el Hadida formations) 

exposed on the footwalls of the slopes 

of the Galala plateaus in the Wadi Araba area 

in the northern part of the Eastern Desert, 

Egypt yielded a fairly rich and moderately to 

well preserved ammonoid fauna. In total, 24 

taxa have been identified, 17 of which are systematically 

described herein. Four genera 

(Thomelites, Euomphaloceras, Wrightoceras, 

Eubostrychoceras) and four species (Euomphaloceras 

septemseriatum, Vascoceras pioti, 

Fagesia cf. peroni, Wrightoceras munieri) are 

recorded for the first time from Egypt. In addition, 

the taxonomy of ammonoids previously 

reported from these successions has been reevaluated. 

The ammonoid fauna came from 

Upper Cenomanian as well as Lower and Upper 

Turonian (pars) strata; the Middle Turonian 

strata are barren of ammonoids. The 

presence of lower Upper Cenomanian ammonoids 

in the Galala Formation and mid- 

/upper Upper Cenomanian ammonoids in the 

lower part of the Maghra el Hadida Formation 

shows that the formational boundary between 

both units does not coincide with the C–T 

boundary as often reported in the literature. 

The palaeobiogeographic affinities of the taxa 

recorded classify the ammonoid assemblage as 

part of the (southern) Tethyan Vascoceratid 

Province during the early Late Cretaceous. 

2010040292 

西班牙伊比利亚区域 Oliete 次盆地下阿普 

特阶 desmoceratid 类菊石 = Lower Aptian 

(Lower Cretaceous) desmocetatids (ammonoidea) 

of the Oliete sub-basin, Iberian Range 

(Teruel, Spain). ( 其他 ). Grauges A; Moreno- 

Bedmar J A; Martinez R. Revista Espanola de 

paleontologia, 2010, 25(1): 7-18 

This study focuses on the lower Aptian 

desmoceratid fauna of Oliete sub-basin. The 

systematic revision of these biostratigraphy 

well constrained ammonites, allowed us to 

work on two issues. On the fist place, we improved 

the systematic and taxononmic knowl- 

87

edge about Pseudosaynella raresulcata, Pseudosaynella 

bicurvata and Pseudohaploceras 

liptoviensis whose definitions, previous to this 

study, were based on scarce material and few 

studies on their ontogenetic variation. On a 

second place, we constrained their stratigraphical 

ranges, especially for the Pseudocaynella 

species, and their correlation with the 

lower Aptian standard ammonite Mediterranean 

zonation. 

2010040293 

摩洛哥 Msila 地区 internal Prerif 提塘阶菊 

石和 calpionellid 类生物地层分布 = Biostratigraphic 

distribution of ammonites and 

calpionellids in the Tithonian of the internal 

Prerif (Msila area, Morocco). ( 英文 ). Benzaggagh 

M; Cecca F; Rouget I. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(2): 301-315 

The outcrop begins with Lower Tithonian 

beds assigned to the Fallauxi Zone. Ammonites 

have been found that allow recognition in 

the same section both Fallauxi and Ponti 

Zones. the most significant species are: Simoceras 

admirandum, Which is the marker of the 

upper subzone of the Fallauxi Zone, i.e. the 

Admirandum/Biruncinatum Subzone, and 

several species of the gnus Lemencia and 

Burckhardticeras peroni, that characterize the 

Ponti Zone. The Chitinoidella Zone is characterized 

by calpionellids with microgranular 

tests that appear in the ammonite Admirandum/Biruncinatum 

Subzone with species of 

the Dobeni Subzone, which extends up to the 

Ponti Zone. Representatives of the Boneti 

Sub-Zone appear in bed 16, which probably 

correlates with the base of the ammonite Upper 

Tithonian Mcrocanthum Zone. Two horizons 

have been distinguished within the calpionellid 

Subzone A3. 

2010040294 

最早的扇贝 = The first scallop. ( 英文 ). 

Hautmann M. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(2): 317-322 

Scallops (Pectinidae) are a highly diverse 

bivalve family with a long evolutionary history, 

but insufficient knowledge on the internal 

shell characters of initial taxa has hampered 

clarification of their phylogenetic roots. 

Here, morphological details of the shell interior 

of the basal pectinid Pleuronectites laevigatus 

from the Middle Triassic are documented 

for the first time. It is shown that 

ligament morphology, lack of internal buttresses 

and hinge articulation, presence of a 

righ anterior auricular scroll, procrescent discs, 

and differential valve convexity of Pleuronectites 

link Pectinidae with Early Triassic aviculopectionoids 

rather than with entollids, as 

recently proposed. 

2010040295 

意大利西北部 Torino 山丘下至中中新统软 

体动物组合 : 新资料和年代地层位置综述 = 

Lower to Middle Miocene mollusc assemblages 

from the Torino Hills (NW Italy): Synthesis 

of new data and chronostratigraphical 

arrangenment. ( 英文 ). Zunino M; Pavia G. 


2009, 115(3): 349-370 

The goal of this study is to correlate in 

chronostratigraphic order the fossil assemblages 

of selected, historical Lower and Middle 

Miocene localities of the Torino Hills. 

More than 18,000 specimens have been classified 

and assigned to 798 taxa. The compositional 

analyses mainly concern the 672 listed 

gastropods, most of which were already described 

in classical monographies. On the 

whole, the fossil assemblages show a taxonomic 

variation of both biochronologic and 

palaeobiogeographic meaning. Actually, the 

similarity in specific biodiversity of VC, VS, 

VB, VA and VF reflects homogeneity among 

late Burdigaliant to early Langhian palaeocommunities. 

2010040296 

意大利北部和中部上新世玉螺类的修正 III. 

Poliniceinae 和 Sinnae 亚科 = A revision of 

the Pliocene naticids of northern and central 

Italy III. The subfamilies Poliniceinae and 

Sininae. ( 英文 ). Pedriali L; Robba E. Rivista 

Italiana di Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 2009, 

115(3): 371-429 

The present paper is the third in the series 

and concludes the revision of the Pliocene naticids 

of northern and central Italy. It expands 

to 31 the total number of species and subspecies 

of this family recovered so far from the 

Pliocene deposits of the investigated area. Of 

the thirteen taxa covered in this study, eight 

belongs to the genus Euspira, one (olla) belongs 

to the genus Neverita, two others are 

members of Payraudeautia, and the last two 

(perregulare and striatum) belong to the genus 

Sinum. All thirteen taxa considered in this 

paper are described and commented on in the 

systematic account. This study demonstrates 

that the taxonomic relavance of a particular 

character may change greatly depending on 

the subfamily considered, and connot be extended 

to Naticidae as a whole. Naticine spe- 

88

cies are confidently identifiable primarily by 

characters of their opercula. 

2010040297 

因 Distefania Checchia-Rispoli, 1917 在先 

而为 Distefania Fucini, 1931 确定的新名 

Distefaniceras 及对一些晚普林斯巴 - 土阿辛 

最早期 Hildoceratidae 科的系统分类意义 = 

Distefaniceras, a new name for the genus 

Distefania Fucini, 1931 (Mollusca, Cephalopoda), 

Preoccupied by Distefania Checchia- 

Rispoli, 1917 (Crustacea). Taxonomic implications 

for some Late Pliensbachian-Earliest 

Toarcian Hildoceratidae. ( 英文 ). Bilotta M; 

Venturi F. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e 

stratigrafia, 2010, 116(1): 139-142 

Distefania, one of the several ammonites 

genera described during the thirties in the upper 

Pliensbachian faunas from Taormina, is 

involved by a case of homonymy. A recrnt 

study on the ammonoid assemblages of the 

late Pliensbachian-early Toarcian trasition in 

the Apennines evidenced that it would be useful 

to keep a separate and valid name for this 

previously underrated Mediterranean genus, in 

order to better understand the time intervals 

and improve correlations. Moreover, it shows 

morphologie and sutural differences compared 

to the genera with which it is usually mistaken, 

and its vertical range is partially different as 

well. Therefore, in accordance with the ICZN 

rules, the form in question is here renamed as 

Distefaniceras. 

2010040298 

早二叠世双壳类 (18)O 的季节性和海水氧同 

位素组分的意义 = Early Permian seasonality 

from bivalve (18)O and implications for the 

oxygen isotopic composition of seawater. ( 英 

文 ). Ivany L C; Runnegar B. Geology, 2010, 

38(11): 1027-1030 

Oxygen isotope values of sequentially microsampled 

accretionary carbonate from the 

thick-shelled calcitic bivalve Eurydesma from 

the Early Permian of southeastern Australia 

vary seasonally over 6 yr of growth. Paleotemperature 

constraints derived from coeval 

glendonite and ice-rafted clasts, in combination 

with published biome data, indicate nearfreezing 

winter conditions. However, paleotemperatures 

calculated from oxygen isotope 

data are too warm unless the 18 O value of seawater 

approached –4. Associated stenohaline 

brachiopods and lack of covariance with 13 C 

argue against significantly reduced salinity, 

and published 18 O data from across Australia 

suggest that conditions recorded by this bivalve 

were typical of the Gondwanan high 

latitudes. The negative 18 O value of seawater 

implied by these data reflects in part the expected 

meridional gradient in marine seawater 

composition related to latitudinal variation in 

evaporation and precipitation in Permian 

oceans, but is also consistent with previous 

suggestions of a secular increase in the oxygen 

isotopic composition of ocean water through 

the Phanerozoic 

2010040299 

寒武纪具有软躯体的头足动物 = Primitive 

soft-bodied cephalopods from the Cambrian. 

( 英文 ). Smith M R; Caron J-B. Nature, 2010, 

465(7297): 469–472 

The exquisite preservation of soft-bodied 

animals in Burgess Shale-type deposits provides 

important clues into the early evolution 

of body plans that emerged during the Cambrian 

explosion. Until now, such deposits have 

remained silent regarding the early evolution 

of extant molluscan lineages—in particular the 

cephalopods. Nautiloids, traditionally considered 

basal within the cephalopods, are generally 

depicted as evolving from a creeping 

Cambrian ancestor whose dorsal shell afforded 

protection and buoyancy. Although 

nautiloid-like shells occur from the Late Cambrian 

onwards, the fossil record provides little 

constraint on this model, or indeed on the 

early evolution of cephalopods. Here, we reinterpret 

the problematic Middle Cambrian animal 

Nectocaris pteryx as a primitive (that is, 

stem-group), non-mineralized cephalopod, 

based on new material from the Burgess Shale. 

Together with Nectocaris, the problematic 

Lower Cambrian taxa Petalilium and (probably) 

Vetustovermis form a distinctive clade, 

Nectocarididae, characterized by an open axial 

cavity with paired gills, wide lateral fins, a 

single pair of long, prehensile tentacles, a pair 

of non-faceted eyes on short stalks, and a large, 

flexible anterior funnel. This clade extends the 

cephalopods’ fossil record by over 30 million 

years, and indicates that primitive cephalopods 

lacked a mineralized shell, were hyperbenthic, 

and were presumably carnivorous. 

The presence of a funnel suggests that jet propulsion 

evolved in cephalopods before the 

acquisition of a shell. The explosive diversification 

of mineralized cephalopods in the Ordovician 

may have an understated Cambrian 

‘fuse’. 

2010040300 

89

古生物学 : 小海怪苏醒 = Palaeontology: A 

little Kraken wakes. ( 英文 ). Bengtson S. Nature, 

2010, 465(7297): 427–428 

Fossils from the famed Burgess Shale continue 

to deliver fresh perspectives on a dramatic 

episode in evolutionary time. The latest 

revelations bear on the early history of cephalopod 

molluscs. 

2010040301 

北海道和萨哈林岛 Yezo 群晚白垩世 

Desmoceratine 多系列演化属 “Damesites” 

各种形态特征的分类价值 = Taxonomic 

Evaluation of Various Morphological Characters 

in the Late Cretaceous Desmoceratine 

Polyphyletic Genus “Damesites” from the 

Yezo Group in Hokkaido and Sakhalin. ( 英文 ). 

Nishimura T; Maeda H; Tanaka G; Ohno T. 

Paleontological Research, 2010, 14(1): 33–55 

Intra- and interspecific variation and ontogenetic 

changes in various shell characters of 

the Late Cretaceous desmoceratine ammonoid 

“Damesites” are described, and their taxonomic 

implications are discussed based on 

specimens from the Cretaceous Yezo Group in 

Hokkaido and Sakhalin. Our study reveals that 

many “diagnostic” features (e. g., appearance 

of longitudinal striations, height of ribbing, 

regularity of ribbing as well as constriction 

curvature) and early internal shell structures, 

are in fact inappropriate as diagnostic features 

of “Damesites” morphotypes. In contrast, ontogenetic 

changes in shell ornament, curvature 

of growth lines and whorl expansion ratio are 

herein demonstrated to be key characters for 

species recognition and reconstructing the 

phylogenetic relationships of the taxa of the 

subfamily Desmoceratinae. Based on these 

results, previously described “Damesites” 

species from the uppermost Turonian-lower 

Campanian interval should be reclassified into 

three groups. “Damesites damesi,” “D. 

damesi intermedius,” “D. semicostatus,” and 

“D. laticarinatus” are assigned to the first 

group. “D. ainuanus” and “Damesites sp.” 

are assigned to the second group. “D. sugata” 

from the Yezo Group represents the third 

group. Furthermore, analysis of ontogenetic 

changes in shell ornament, curvature of 

growth lines, and whorl expansion ratio suggests 

that the second and third groups together 

belong to a different evolutionary lineage 

from the first group. 

2010040302 

俄罗斯南萨哈林岛上白垩统菊石 

Canadoceras 属巨大壳的埋葬 = Taphonomy 

of Large Canadoceras (Ammonoid) Shells in 

the Upper Cretaceous Series in South Sakhalin, 

Russia. ( 英文 ). Maeda H; Kumagae T; Matsuoka 

H; Yamazaki Y. Paleontological Research, 

2010, 14(1): 56-68 

Based on materials from the Krasnoyarka 

Formation in the Naiba area in south Sakhalin, 

Russia, taphonomic histories of a large Campanian 

ammonoid, Canadoceras kossmati Matsumoto, 

1954, were closely investigated. 

Large Canadoceras shells exceeding 30 cm in 

diameter are usually embedded horizontally 

and solitarily in muddy sandstone. A thin, lenticular 

calcareous concretion envelopes the 

shell (= envelope concretion). Their body 

chambers are mostly lost. The inner whorls 

comprising the center of the umbilicus completely 

disappear without exception, and only 

two or three outer whorls are preserved. The 

body and air chambers are somewhat compressed 

by compaction and are filled with 

sediments. Phycosiphon burrows are common 

not only in open body chambers but also in 

inner air chambers, which were originally 

closed. These observations suggest that the 

thin-shelled inner whorls and organic-rich siphuncular 

tubes degraded before final burial 

of the shell, and sediment infilling to the inside 

of the chambers followed. The early loss 

of inner whorls and siphuncular tubes gave 

rise to “draft-through currents.” The continuous 

supply of oxygen and nutrients by the 

draft-through currents supported the Phycosiphon 

producers in the inner air chambers. 

Compared with other calcareous concretions 

containing intact fossils, values of minuscement 

porosity (MCP) remain relatively low 

(63–74%) and vary by areas even in the same 

envelope concretion. This indicates that the 

envelope concretions were cemented under a 

progressive increase of compaction during the 

later diagenetic stage. The formation of the 

envelope concretion appears to be a long-term 

phenomenon. Various events at different 

stages have been overprinted in a single large 

ammonoid fossil. 

节肢动物 

2010040303 

文德期晚期有疑问的 Parvancorina Glaessner 

生长变异性 = Growth variability in the 

late Vendian problematics Parvancorina 

Glaessner. ( 英文 ). Naimark E B; Ivantsov A 

90

Yu. Paleontological Journal, 2009, 43(1): 12- 

18 6 图版 . 

Morphological and quantitative characteristics 

of the growth variability of two Parvancorina 

species were analyzed based on new 

abundant material from the Vendian of the 

White Sea. Growth variability in this problematic 

taxon appears to be wider than previously 

suggested. We found allometric growth 

in the White Sea population of P. minchami 

Glaessner, 1958, in contrast to isometric 

growth in Australian representatives of the 

species. Another White Sea species, P. sagitta 

Ivantsov, 2004, shows gradual formation of 

anchor-shaped structure in juveniles. Based on 

Australian material, it was previously believed 

that this structure did not change during ontogeny. 

These two distinctive features together 

with a strong variability of age-related measurements 

distinguish Parvancorina from other 

early arthropods (Scania, Primicaris), and cast 

doubt on the growth pattern as an argument in 

favor of the arthropodan nature of Parvancorina. 

2010040304 

阿巴拉契亚盆地宾夕法尼亚州介形亚纲动 

物中的 Bythocytheridae, Healdiidae, and 

Bairdiocyprididae 三科 = The ostracode 

families Bythocytheridae, Healdiidae, and 

Bairdiocyprididae in the Pennsylvanian of the 

Appalachian Basin. ( 英文 ). Richard D Hoare. 

Bulletin of American Paleontology, 2007, 

(372): 1-44 

2010040305 

中国内蒙古中侏罗世一脉翅目新属种 = A 

new fossil lacewing genus and species from 

the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. 

( 英文 ). Wang Yongjie; Liu Zhiqi; Ren Dong. 


557-560 

A new fossil lacewing, Tenuosmylus 

brevineurus gen. et sp. nov., was collected 

from an outcrop of Middle Jurassic strata in 

the village of Daohugou. The new genus is 

assigned to Gumillinae based on eleven defining 

characteristics of the subfamily. The affiliation 

of Tenuosmylus including other five 

genera of the subfamily is discussed. Our result 

supports the opinion that Epiosmylinae 

was a junior synonym of Gumillinae, which is 

lekely a relic of ancient osmylids based on 

similarity of rorewing venation. A key is 

given to differentiate six known genera within 

Gumillinae. 

2010040306 

加拿大不列颠中寒武世 Burgess 页岩节肢 

动物 Isoxys 属两个种的软体部分的保存 = 

Soft-part preservation in two species of the 

arthropod Isoxys from the middle Cambrian 

Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada. 

( 英文 ). Garcia-Bellido D C; Vannier J; 

Collins D. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 

2009, 54(4): 699-712 

More than of forty specimens from the 

middle Cambrian Burgess Shale reveal the 

detailed anatomy of Isoxys, a worldwide distributed 

bivalvee arthropod represented here 

by two species, namely Isoxys acutangulus 

and Isoxys longissimus. I. acutangulus had a 

non-mineralized headshield with lateral pleural 

folds (="valves" of precious authors) that 

covered the animal's body almost entirely, 

large frontal spherical eyes and a pair of 

uniramous prehensile appendages bearingstout 

spiny outgrowths along their anterior margins. 

The 13 following appendages had a uniform 

biramous design- i. e., a short endopod and a 

paddle-like exopod fringed with marginal setae 

with a probable natatory function. There 

are now seven Isoxys species known with softpart 

preservation. 

2010040307 

Cd2 + , Zn2 + 和 Cu2 + 对 Physocypria 

kraepelini( 介形纲 ) 的急性毒性实验 = Acute 

toxicity experiment of Cd2 + , Zn2 + and Cu2 

+ in Physocypria kraep el ini(Ostracoda). ( 中 

文 ). 陈仕梅 ; 禹娜 ; 周宇阳 ; 张虔 ; 李二超 ; 陈立 

侨 . 微体古生物学报 , 2010, 27(2): 118-124 

采用急性毒性实验方法 , 研究了水环境中 

常见重金属离子 Cd2 + ,Zn2 + 和 Cu2 + 对 

介形类 Physocypria kraepel ini 的急性毒性 

作用。实验过程按等差数间距设置 6 个 

Cd2 + 浓度梯度 , 按等比数间距设置 9 个 

Zn2 + 和 9 个 Cu2 + 浓度梯度。结果表 

明 :24 、48 、72 和 96 h 时 Cd2 + ,Zn2 + 和 

Cu2 + 对 P. k raepelini 的半致死浓度 ( L 

C50 ) 分别为 1. 37 、0. 39 、0. 21 和 0. 04 

mg/ l ,217. 27 、34. 36 、23. 77 和 8. 42 mg/ 

l , 及 7. 28 、1. 26 、0. 65 和 0. 39 mg/ l 。通 

过比较发现 , P. kraepel ini 可以作为水体受 

Cd2 + 污染的判别生物 ; P. kraepel ini 对 Cd2 

+ ,Zn2 + 和 Cu2 + 的安全浓度分别为 0. 

004 、0. 842 和 0. 039 mg/ l , 接近国家渔业 

水质标准 ( GB11607289) 规定的限值 , 因此 

其还可以作为渔业用水的判别生物。 

91

2010040308 

青海循化盆地中新世中期 — 上新世早期介 

形类组合及其地质意义 = Middle Miocene 

—early pliocene ostracod assemblages in the 

Xunhua Basin, Qinghai and their geological 

significance. ( 中文 ). 骆满生 ; 吕欣蕾 ; 张克信 ; 

陈奋宁 ; 徐亚东 ; 陈锐明 ; 宋博文 . 微体古生物 

学报 , 2010, 27(2): 125-134 2 图版 . 

通过对青海省循化县积石镇羊圈贡拜 

村 — 西沟中新统 — 上新统实测剖面中介形 

类动物群的研究 , 在其中的 35 个层位样品中 

发现含介形类化石 7 属 32 种 , 并建立了两个 

组合 : (1) Candona-Candoniella 组合 ; (2) 

Illyocypris-Candoniella-Candona 组合。依据 

介形类组合带 , 将咸水河组上部时代厘定为 

中新世中期 , 而临夏组时代厘定为中新世晚 

期 — 上新世早期。根据介形类动物群在剖 

面上的分布规律 , 自下而上建立 5 个生态组 

合 : (1)Candona-Candoniella 生态组合 ; (2) 

Ilyocypris errabundis-Ilyocypris dunschanensis 

生态组合 ; (3) Candona2Candoniel la 生态 

组合 ; (4) Ilyocypris biplicata-Candoniel la 生 

态组合 ; (5) Candona oppress-Candona extima 

生态组合。通过对介形类生态组合进行详 

细的生态特征分析 , 结合磁性年代学数据 , 将 

循化盆地 14. 6 —5 Ma 的古气候划分为 5 

个阶段 :(1) 14. 6 —9. 5 Ma 为凉干期 ; (2) 9. 5 

—9. 38 Ma 为热干期 ; (3) 9. 38 —6. 88 Ma 

为冷干期 ; (4) 6. 88 —6. 83 Ma 为温 

干期 ; (5) 6. 83 —5 Ma 为凉干期。 

2010040309 

深海钻探计划 (DSDP) 31 航次 296 站晚新 

生代介形类 = Late Cainozoic Ostracoda from 

deep sea drilling project leg31 ( site 296). ( 中 

文 ). 勾韵娴 . 微体古生物学报 , 2008, 25(2): 

103-112 2 图版 . 

本文研究了深海钻探 (DSDP) 31 航次 296 

站晚新生代介形类动物群的性质及其古海 

洋学意义。此站钻孔上部上新统至全新统 

以超微浮游生物软泥和粘土为主的 16 块岩 

芯中 , 共分析获得介形类化石 8 属 11 种 , 计 

有 : Poseidonamicus major Benson , P. anterop 

unctatus Whatley et al . , P. punctatus 

Whatley et al . , Pennyella dorsoserrata 

(Brady) , Henryhowella sp. , Pterygocy there 

mucronalatum (Brady) , Abyssocythere sp . , 

Abyssocythereis sulcatoperforata (Brady) , 

Pelecocythere sp. , Krithe sp . 1 和 Krithe sp. 

2 。这些介形类属种均为冷海域深海区介形 

类分子。由此表明 , 西北太平洋边缘地区在 

晚新生代曾为一深海区。在第四纪 , 其深度 

可能和现今 296 站的深度大致相当 ; 在上新 

世 , 其深度可能更深一些。研究结果证实 , 深 

海底栖介形类属种的分布具全球性 ; 在相当 

长的地质时期内 , 介形类属种的形态和壳饰 

都非常稳定 , 无明显变化。同时 , 进一步证实 , 

介形类个体大小变化与深度相关 , 同一种介 

形类壳体随水域深度加深而增大。 

2010040310 

青海柴达木盆地与青海湖第四纪介形类 

Limnocythere 的分类与生境 = Taxonomy 

and habitat of quaternary limnocythere (Ostracoda) 

from the Qaidam Basin and the Qinghaihu 

Lake, Qinghai. ( 中文 ). 杨藩 ; 董宁 ; 乔子 

真 ; 孙镇城 ; 任玉芬 . 微体古生物学报 , 2008, 

25(4): 316-332 2 图版 . 

在对研究区内第四系及现代沉积中大量 

分布的 Limnocythere 壳进行再鉴定、并对 

文献中的相关图片及文字描述进行复查后 , 

未能发现具有 L . dubiosa 种征 ( ♀ 个体中背 

部深深内凹 ; ♂ 个体背视两侧近平行 , 最大宽 

度位于中前部且右壳比左壳长 ) 的壳体存在 , 

也没有找到壳长达到 L .sanctipatricii 

定种标准的壳瓣。此前研究区内 

被定名为 L . dubiosa 及 L .sanctipatricii 

者实为 L . inopinata 的无瘤个 

体及单瘤个体 , 而 L . binoda 则应属次异 

名。区内 L . inopinata 无瘤个体在现代 

沉积中的分布表明 : 尽管 L . inopinata 是广 

盐、广钙和广流速种 , 但它偏好渐盐水特别 

是盐度低于 14 ‰ 的中盐水低钙静水水体的 

特征明显。有瘤个体的出现似可指示其生 

活环境为高硅含量的低盐度 

水域。 

2010040311 

Gorny Altai 地区东北部上奥陶统 

Gur'yanovka 组的介形虫类 = Some ostracodes 

from the Gur'yanovka Formation (Upper 

Ordovician) of northeastern Gorny Altai. 

( 英文 ). Melnikova L M. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(4): 399-408 2 图版 . 

Ostracodes from the Gur'yano-ka Formation 

(Upper Ordo-ician, Sandbian and Katian 

stages) of Gorny Altai, Russia, are studied for 

the first time. Some localities with fossil ostracodes 

of this age are described briefly. Eleen 

new species of the genera Ballardina, Eurychilina, 

Laccochilina, Bolbina, Retiprimites, 

Pseudozygobolbina, Bullaeferum, Soanella, 

Egoro-ella, and Allertemmysa are described 

and figured. The pre-iously described species 

92

Leperditella aff. par-ipunctata V. Ivanova, 

1959, Grammolomatella valdari V. Ivanova et 

Melnikova 1977, Longidorsa? baltica Meidla, 

1996, and Steusloffina cuneata (Steusloff, 

1895) and ostracodes in open nomenclature, 

Bollia sp., Klimphores sp., Rectella sp., Longiscula 

sp., are only figured. 

2010040312 

乌拉尔和白俄罗斯地区晚泥盆世的 

Angustidontidae ( 甲壳动物亚门 : 软甲 

纲 ) = Angustidontidae (Crustacea: Malacostraca) 

from the Upper Devonian of Ukraine 

and Belarus. ( 英文 ). Shpinev E S. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(4): 409-417 409- 

417 图版 . 

Previously unknown specimens of angustidontid 

crustaceans from the Frasnian and 

Famennian of Ukraine and from the Famennian 

of Belarus are described. 

2010040313 

蒲螨科螨虫类最早的化石记录 ( 蜱螨亚 

纲 : 异气门总股 ) 以及罗夫诺琥珀中蒲螨 

属一新种的描述 = The first fossil record of 

mites of the family Pyemotidae (Acari: Heterostigmata), 

with description of a new species 

of the genus Pyemotes from Rovno amber. 

( 英文 ). Khaustov A A;Perkovsky E E. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(4): 418-421 2 

图版 . 

The first fossil mite of the family Pyemotidae 

(Acari: Heterostigmata) is recorded. 

Pyemotes primus sp. nov. is described from 

the Late Eocene of the Rovno amber from a 

syninclusion with the bark beetles 

Taphramites rovnoensis Petrov et Perkovsky, 

2008. In the presence of well developed longitudinal 

striation on hysterosomal tergites, the 

new species is similar to species from scolyti 

group, which is characterized by parasitoidism 

on immature stages of bark beetles and phoresy 

on adult stages. P. primus differs from 

the closely related species P. dryas (Vitzthum, 

1923), P. parviscolyti Cross et Moser, 1971, P. 

johnmoseri Khaustov, 2004, and P. mandelshtami 

Khaustov, 1998 in the subequal setae 

h 1 and h 2 . 

2010040314 

俄罗斯远东晚白垩世姬蜂 ( 昆虫纲 : 膜翅 

目 : 姬蜂科 ) 的一个新亚科 = A new subfamily 

of ichneumon wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera: 

Ichneumonidae) from the Upper Cretaceous 

of the Russian Far East. ( 英文 ). Kopylov 

D S. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(4): 

422-433 14 图版 . 

A new subfamily of ichneumon wasps, Labenopimplinae 

subfam. nov. (Ichneumonidae), 

is described from the Cenomanian Ola Formation 

of the locality Obeshchayushchiy, Magadan 

Region, Russian Far East. The subfamily 

is highly diverse morphologically and 

combines characters of the Labeninae and 

Pimplinae. It includes 11 new species described 

in five new genera: Labenopimpla 

rasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., L. kasparyani sp. 

nov., Armanopimpla zherikhini gen. et sp. nov, 

Ramulimonstrum intermedium gen. et sp. nov., 

Rugopimpla vulgaris gen. et sp. nov., R. fallax 

sp. nov., R. angusticella sp. nov., R. macra sp. 

nov., R. matrona sp. nov., Micropimpla lucida 

gen. et sp. nov., and M. obscura sp. nov. Also 

described is a new monotypic genus, Tryphopimpla 

xoridoptera gen. et sp. nov., which 

combines characters of the Tryphoninae, Pimplinae, 

and Xoridinae and cannot be currently 

placed into any of the known subfamilies. The 

population of fossil ichneumon wasps at this 

locality is distinctly dominated by females. 

2010040315 

俄罗斯远东晚白垩世姬蜂 ( 昆虫纲 : 膜翅 

目 : 姬蜂科 ) 的一个新亚科 = A new subfamily 

of ichneumon wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera: 

Ichneumonidae) from the Upper Cretaceous 

of the Russian Far East. ( 英文 ). Kopylov 

D S. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(4): 

422-433 14 图版 . 

A new subfamily of ichneumon wasps, Labenopimplinae 

subfam. nov. (Ichneumonidae), 

is described from the Cenomanian Ola Formation 

of the locality Obeshchayushchiy, Magadan 

Region, Russian Far East. The subfamily 

is highly diverse morphologically and 

combines characters of the Labeninae and 

Pimplinae. It includes 11 new species described 

in five new genera: Labenopimpla 

rasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov., L. kasparyani sp. 

nov., Armanopimpla zherikhini gen. et sp. nov, 

Ramulimonstrum intermedium gen. et sp. nov., 

Rugopimpla vulgaris gen. et sp. nov., R. fallax 

sp. nov., R. angusticella sp. nov., R. macra sp. 

nov., R. matrona sp. nov., Micropimpla lucida 

gen. et sp. nov., and M. obscura sp. nov. Also 

described is a new monotypic genus, Tryphopimpla 

xoridoptera gen. et sp. nov., which 

combines characters of the Tryphoninae, Pimplinae, 

and Xoridinae and cannot be currently 

placed into any of the known subfamilies. The 

population of fossil ichneumon wasps at this 

locality is distinctly dominated by females. 

93

2010040316 

树脂化石中知之甚少的新直翅类昆虫 ( 多 

新翅部 ): 第三次交流 = New and little 

known orthopteroid insects (Polyneoptera) 

from fossil resins: Communication 3. ( 英文 ). 

Gorochov A V. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 

44(4): 434-450 8 图版 . 

New taxa of Orthoptera Ensifera are described 

in the families Mogoplistidae [Protomogoplistes 

asquamosus gen. et sp. nov. (Upper 

Cretaceous) in the subfamily Protomogoplistinae 

subfam. nov. and Archornebius balticus 

gen. et sp. nov. (Eocene), Pseudarachnocephalus 

gen. nov., P. dominicanus sp. nov., 

and P. latiusculus sp. nov. (all Miocene) in 

Mogoplistinae] and Gryllidae [Eopentacentrus 

borealis gen. et sp. nov. (Eocene), ?Grossoxipha 

feminea sp. nov. (Miocene), and Apentacentrus 

copalicus sp. nov. in the subfamily 

Pentacentrinae, ?Cyrtoxipha electrina sp. nov. 

and ?Cyrtoxipha illegibilis sp. nov. (both 

Miocene) in Trigonidiinae, and Baltonemobius 

fossilis gen. et sp. nov. (Eocene) in Nemobiinae]. 

The Miocene genera Proanaxipha 

Vickery et Poinar and Grossoxipha Vickery et 

Poinar are transferred from the subfamily 

Trigonidiinae to Pentacentrinae. P. latoca 

Vickery et Poinar and Abanaxipha longispina 

Vickery et Poinar are redescribed; the male of 

the latter species is described for the first time. 

2010040317 

正式属 Artematopodites( 鞘翅目 : 多食亚 

目 ) 的新甲虫种以及 Ovivagina 和 

Sinonitidulina 属分类位置的讨论 = New 

beetle species of the formal genus Artematopodites 

(Coleoptera: Polyphaga), with remarks 

on the taxonomic position of the genera 

Ovivagina and Sinonitidulina. ( 英文 ). E V 

Yan; Zhang Haichun. Paleontological Journal, 

2010, 44(4): 451-456 2 图版 . 

Three new beetle species of the formal genus 

Artematopoides, i.e., A. maximus sp. nov., 

A. crispulus sp. nov., and A. lepidus sp. nov., 

from the Mongolian Shar-Teg locality are described. 

Early Jurassic Ovivagina propinqua 

Zhang, 1997, O. prolixa Zhang, 1997, and O. 

insculpta Zhang, 1997 from the Junggar Basin 

(Xinjiang, China) and Middle Jurassic Sinonitidulina 

longa Hong, 1983 from the 

Zhouyingzi locality (Hebei, China) are transferred 

to Artematopoides, and the three species 

from Xinjiang are redescribed. Ovivagina 

immediata Zhang, 1997 is synonymized with 

O. insculpta Zhang, 1997. A new name, Artematopodites 

leskoviensis Yan, nom. nov., is 

proposed for A. longus Ponomarenko, 1990, 

which proved to be a junior secondary homonym 

of A. longa (Hong, 1983). 

2010040318 

奇异虫属 brachyrhachis Linnarsson, 1883 

和 mediterraneus Pompeckj, 1901 的比较 : 

一个有疑问的判定 = Paradoxides brachyrhachis 

Linnarsson, 1883 versus Paradoxides 

mediterraneus Pompeckj, 1901: a problematic 

determination. ( 英文 ). Alvarez MED; Rushton 

AWA; Gozalo R; Pillola GL; Linan E; Ahlberg 

P. GFF, 2010, 132(2): 95-104 

A revision of paradoxidid trilobites reveals 

that previous identifications of specimens 

from Sardinia and Spain as the Nordic trilobite 

species Paradoxides brachyrhachis Linnarsson, 

1883, are mistaken. The southern species, occurring 

also in France, is here referred to Eccaparadoxides 

mediterraneus (Pompeckj, 

1901). Main differences are seen in the preocular 

field, pleural furrow and pygidium. The 

species P. brachyrhachis is referred with question 

to the genus Mawddachites Fletcher 2007. 

2010040319 

瑞典早中奥陶世栉三叶虫属 ( 三叶虫 ) 若 

干种 = Some lower Middle Ordovician species 

of Asaphus (Trilobita) from Sweden. ( 英 

文 ). Stein M; Bergstrom J. GFF, 2010, 132(2): 

105-116 

Several Asaphus (Asaphus) species concepts 

are in a state of flux. Here we elucidate 

the morphological differences and stratigraphical 

occurrences of Asaphus raniceps 

and A. lamanskii. It is shown that Asaphus 

raniceps and A. 'raniceps' of several authors 

include specimens of A. raniceps, A. lamanskii, 

A. striatus, A. vicarius and A. fallax. 

Specimens of the latter have commonly been 

labelled A. expansus. Angelin's 'A. acuminatus' 

is interpreted as a species distinct from 

Boeck's A. acuminatus. The dorsal pattern of 

terrace lines is described and used in species 

discrimination. The number of axial rings in 

the anterior half of the pygidium is a second 

new character useful in characterising and 

identifying Asaphus species. Diagnoses and 

descriptions are provided for A. raniceps, A. 

lamanskii, A. vicarius and A. angelini n. sp. It 

is shown that both A. raniceps and A. vicarius 

occur in the Asaphus 'raniceps' Zone, and it is 

proposed to rename that zone to the Asaphus 

raniceps and Asaphus vicarius Zone. 

94

2010040320 

假球接子 rugosus Ergaliev, 1980: 上芙蓉 

统 ( 寒武纪 ) 陆间对比的关键种 = Pseudagnostus 

rugosus Ergaliev, 1980: a key agnostoid 

species for intercontinental correlation 

of upper Furongian (Cambrian) strata. ( 英文 ). 

Terfelt F; Ahlberg P. Geological Magazine, 

2010, 147(5): 789-796 

Pseudagnostus rugosus Ergaliev, 1980 is 

described from the Furongian Ctenopyge tumida 

Zone at Gislovshammar, Scania, southern 

Sweden. This is the first record of this distinctive 

agnostoid in Scandinavia. The species 

is known previously from Malyi Karatau, Kazakhstan, 

and northwestern Hunan and western 

Zhejiang, South China, and provides a 

newly recognized link between middle-upper 

Furongian successions in Baltica, Kazakhstan 

and South China. The occurrences of P. rugosus 

allow a correlation between the C. tumida 

Zone of Baltica, the lower Eolotagnostus 

scrobicularis-Jegorovaia Zone of Kazakhstan 

and the lower Lotagnostus americanus Zone 

of South China. 

2010040321 

加拿大北极地区志留系温洛克期古足类介 

形虫 = Palaeocope ostracods from the Silurian 

Wenlock Series of Arctic Canada. ( 英文 ). 

Miller C G; Williams M; Siveter D J. Canadian 

Journal of Earth Sciences, 2010, 47(6): 

913-925 

Silurian Wenlock Series deposits of the 

Cape Phillips Formation on Baillie-Hamilton 

Island and Cornwallis Island, Arctic Canada, 

have yielded a silicified ostracod assemblage 

that spans the late Sheinwoodian and 

Homerian stages. Sixteen palaeocope ostracod 

species are recorded, including the new species 

Beyrichia (Beyrichia) marssae, Gabrielsella? 

copelandi, and Platybolbina (Abruptobolbina) 

adraini. The ostracod faunas can be 

linked into local trilobite, microvertebrate, and 

graptolite zonal schemes, and a few of the ostracod 

species offer potential for local and 

perhaps wider biostratigraphical correlation. 

The ostracods are mostly known only from the 

Cape Phillips Formation, but also include two 

taxa found in the Wenlock Series of the Avalanche 

Lake area, Northwest Territories, Canada. 

Other ostracod species suggest links with 

Silurian successions in northern Canada and 

the Baltic. Low-diversity ostracod faunas 

characterize the level of a marked positive 

carbon isotope excursion and coeval mid- 

Homerian regression at the level of the regional 

Pristiograptus dubius - Gothograptus 

nassa graptolite Biozone. Comparison with 

the pattern of distribution of coeval ostracod 

faunas elsewhere in Canada suggests that diversity 

changes in the Cape Phillips Formation 

ostracod faunas are controlled by local palaeoenvironmental 

factors perhaps linked to 

global sea-level change 

2010040322 

穿越华南 P\T 界线的介形类 ( 甲壳纲 ): 

煤山层型 ( 浙江省 ) = Ostracods (Crustacea) 

through the Permian-Triassic boundary in 

South China: the Meishan stratotype (Zhejiang 

Province). ( 英文 ). Crasquin S; Forel M B; 

Feng Q L; Yuan A H; Baudin F; Collin P Y. 

Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2010, 

8(3): 331-370 


(GSSP) of the Permian-Triassic boundary, 

located in Meishan, Zhejiang Province, South 

China, was sampled bed-by-bed for ostracods. 

Ninety-eight species belonging to forty-three 

genera are recognized. Twenty-five new species 

are described and figured: Bairdia bassoni 

Crasquin sp. nov., B. broutini Crasquin sp. 

nov., B. deweveri Crasquin sp. nov., B. fangnianqiaoi 

Crasquin sp. nov., B. gaelleae Crasquin 

sp. nov., B. limatusformis Forel sp. nov., 

B. paussi Crasquin sp. nov., B. pierrevalentini 

Crasquin sp. nov., B. wushunbaoi Crasquin sp. 

nov., Baschkirina ballei Crasquin sp. nov., B. 

huzhouensis Forel sp. nov., Basslerella annesophieae 

Crasquin sp. nov., Hollinella martensiformis 

Crasquin sp. nov., Kempfina taihuensis 

Forel sp. nov., Knightina hongfui Crasquin 

sp. nov., Liuzhinia praeantalyaensis Forel sp. 

nov., Microcheilinella rectodorsata Forel sp. 

nov., M. shicheni Crasquin sp. nov., M.? multinodosa 

Forel sp. nov., Orthobairdia lemairei 

Crasquin sp. nov., Paraparchites chenshii 

Crasquin sp. nov., Praezabythocypris? pulchraformis 

Forel sp. nov., Samarella meishanella 

Forel sp. nov., S. victori Crasquin sp. 

nov., and Silenites? zhejiangensis Forel sp. 

nov. One new genus name is proposed: Kempfina 

Crasquin nom. nov. The stratigraphic distribution 

of all the species is given. Ostracod 

biodiversity variations are analyzed through 

the section. The main drop is recorded in bed 

22, occurring a little earlier in ostracods than 

in foraminifers, corals and brachiopods. The 

decline in ostracod diversity is more progressive 

than in the other groups. Variations in 

ostracod biodiversity during the Changhsingian 

are related to fluctuations in palaeoenvironmental 

conditions. 

95

2010040323 

由基因序列揭示冈比亚按蚊物种系统发育 

早期的普遍歧化现象 = Widespread Divergence 

Between Incipient Anopheles gambiae 

Species Revealed by Whole Genome Sequences. 

( 英文 ). Lawniczak MKN; Emrich S 

J; Holloway A K; Regier A P; Olson M; 

White B; Redmond S; Fulton L; Appelbaum E; 

Godfrey J; Farmer C; Chinwalla A; Yang S P; 

Minx P; Nelson J; Kyung K; Walenz B P ; 

Garcia-Hernandez E; Aguiar M; Viswanathan 

L D; Rogers Y H; Strausb. Science, 2010, 

330(6002): 512-514 

The Afrotropical mosquito Anopheles gambiae 

sensu stricto, a major vector of malaria, is 

currently undergoing speciation into the M 

and S molecular forms. These forms have diverged 

in larval ecology and reproductive behavior 

through unknown genetic mechanisms, 

despite considerable levels of hybridization. 

Previous genome-wide scans using genebased 

microarrays uncovered divergence between 

M and S that was largely confined to 

gene-poor pericentromeric regions, prompting 

a speciation-with-ongoing-gene-flow model 

that implicated only about 3% of the genome 

near centromeres in the speciation process. 

Here, based on the complete M and S genome 

sequences, we report widespread and heterogeneous 

genomic divergence inconsistent with 

appreciable levels of interform gene flow, 

suggesting a more advanced speciation process 

and greater challenges to identify genes 

critical to initiating that process. 

2010040324 

Perm 地区 Solikamsk 沉积 grylloblattid 昆 

虫 ( 昆虫纲 :Grylloblattida) 综述 = Review 

of grylloblattid insects (Insecta: Grylloblattida) 

from the Solikamsk deposits of the 

Perm Region. ( 英文 ). D S Aristov. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(5): 505-514 3 图 

版 . 

The Solikamsk faunas of the Vorkuta series 

of the Pechora Basin and the Solikamsk Formation 

of the Perm Region of Russia are reviewed. 

New taxa are described from 

Tyul’kino locality (Solikamsk District): Artinska 

ufimica sp. nov., Sylvaprisca tyulkinensis 

sp. nov., Ufimoprisca gen. nov. (the type species 

Sylvaprisca alba Aristov, 2005), U. mica 

sp. nov., U. kamensis sp. nov. (family Lemmatophoridae), 

Sylvaella ovalis sp. nov. (family 

Liomopteridae), Ivakhosara prima sp. nov., 

and Megakhosarella prisca sp. nov. (family 

Megakhosaridae). Additionally, Uralioma sp. 

is described from Shchugor locality (Cherdyn’ 

District). Two species, Paraprisca solikamskensis 

Aristov, 2009 (family Lemmatophoridae) 

from Tyul’kino and Kolvidelia curta G. 

Zalessky, 1950 (family Ideliidae) from Pokcha 

locality (Cherdyn’ District)), are redescribed. 

2010040325 

中国东北和北方地区中 — 晚侏罗世划蝽 

( 昆虫纲 : 半翅目 : 异翅亚目 : 划蝽科 ) 

的修订和描述 = Revision and description of 

water boatmen from the Middle-Upper Jurassic 

of Northern and Northeastern China (Insecta: 

Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Corixidae). ( 英 

文 ). Zhang Junfeng. Paleontological Journal, 

2010, 44(5): 515-525 6 图版 . 

Four adult and immature water boatmen 

from the Middle Jurassic and uppermost Middle 

Jurassic or lowermost Upper Jurassic Jiulongshan, 

Haifanggou and Daohugou formations 

in the northern and northeastern China 

are described as Yanliaocorixa chinensis (Lin, 

1976), Jiulongshanocorixa genuina gen. et sp. 

nov., and Daohugocorixa vulcanica gen. et sp. 

nov., referred to the extinct subfamily Velocorixinae, 

and Karataviella popovi sp. nov., 

referred to the extant subfamily Diaprepocorinae. 

All the forms have previously been identified 

as one species, Yanliaocorixa chinensis. 

This species, found only in the Haifanggou 

Formation, is absent from the Jiulongshan 

Formation and other sites in China. The systematic 

position of corixids recorded earlier 

from the Mesozoic of China is reviewed and 

reassessed. Assemblages of dominant aquatic 

insects from various Jurassic nonmarine sedimentary 

basins in northern and northeastern 

China are described for the first time. They are 

entirely different between the Jiulongshan, 

Haifanggou, and Daohugou formations. The 

first formation is probably older than the other 

two. 

2010040326 

俄罗斯 Dinocarida 目的首次记录 = First 

record of dinocarida from Russia. ( 英文 ). Ponomarenko 

A G. Paleontological Journal, 

2010, 44(5): 503-504 1 图版 . 

A fragment of a relatively large (on the 

Cambrian scale) animal, apparently a dinocarid, 

was dis1covered in bituminous shale of 

the Middle Cambrian Kuonamka Formation of 

the Olenek River near the vil 1 

lage Olenek in northeastern Siberia. The exact 

taxonomic position of the specimen cannot be 

determined because of to its incompleteness, 

96

ut it does not seem to belong to any previously 

described dinocarid genus. 

2010040327 

中国中生代 ( 鞘翅目 , 龙虱科 ) 龙虱新发 

现 = New mesozoic diving beetles (Coleoptera, 

Dytiscidae) from China. ( 英文 ). A A 

Prokin; D Ren. Paleontological Journal, 2010, 

44(5): 526-533 5 图版 . 

A new subfamily of predaceous diving beetles, 

Liadytiscinae subfam. nov., including two 

genera and four species, Liadytiscus gen. nov. 

(L. cretaceus sp. nov., L. longitibialis sp. nov., 

and L. latus sp. nov.) and Liadroporus gen. 

nov. (L. elegans sp. nov.), from the Late 

Tithonian-Berriasian (Huangbanjigou, Yixian 

Formation) of China is described. Two new 

genera, Mesoderus gen. nov. with two species, 

M. magnus sp. nov. and M. ventralis sp. nov., 

and Sinoporus gen. nov. with one species, S. 

lineatus sp. nov., are also described; their position 

in the system of Dytiscidae remains uncertain. 

Relationships of the taxa described 

with Recent and fossil taxa of the same rank 

and some presumable ecological features of 

the new taxa are discussed. 

2010040328 

波罗的海琥珀中露尾甲科甲虫 ( 鞘翅目 : 

露尾甲科 : Epuraeinae , 

Cybocephalinae) 新种 = New species of sap 

beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae: Epuraeinae, 

Cybocephalinae) from the Baltic amber. ( 英 

文 ). A S Kurochkin; A G Kirejtshuk. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(5): 534-545 7 图 

版 . 

A new genus, Baltoraea gen. nov., two new 

species of this genus, B. insignis sp. nov. and 

B. simillima sp. nov., and three other new species, 

Cybocephalus (Cybocephalus) balticus 

sp. nov., C. (C.) electricus sp. nov. and C. (C.) 

kerneggeri sp. nov. are described from the 

Late Eocene Baltic amber. The systematic position 

of the genus Baltoraea and presumable 

bionomics of the new sap beetles are discussed. 

2010040329 

欧洲始新世晚期琥珀中的蚂蚁 Plagiolepis 

Mayr 属 ( 膜翅目 , 膜翅目 ) = Ants of the 

genus Plagiolepis Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) 

from Late Eocene ambers of Europe. 

( 英文 ). Dlussky G M. Paleontological Journal, 

2010, 44(5): 546-555 2 图版 . 

The genus Plagiolepis Mayr (Hymenoptera, 

Formicidae) from the Late Eocene Baltic, Bitterfeld, 

Rovno, and Scandinavian ambers is 

revised. Two new species, Plagiolepis wheeleri 

sp. nov. and P. paradoxa sp. nov., are described. 

A lectotype of Plagiolepis klinsmanni 

Mayr, 1868 and neotypes of P. kuenowi Mayr, 

1868 and P. solitaria Mayr, 1868 are designated. 

Rhopalomyrmex pygmaeus Mayr, 1868 

(= Plagiolepis balticus Dlussky, 1997) is recognized 

as a new synonym of P. kuenowi 

Mayr, 1868. A key for identification of the 

Late Eocene species of Plagiolepis from the 

European ambers is provided. 

2010040330 

乌克兰罗夫诺琥珀中缘腹细蜂科新属和新 

种 ( 昆虫纲 : 细蜂总科 ) = New genera and 

species of Scelionidae (Insecta: Proctotrupoidea) 

from Rovno amber. ( 英文 ). S V Kononova; 

S A Simutnik. Paleontological Journal, 

2010, 44(5): 556–560 3 图版 . 

Two new genera and three new species of 

parasitic wasps from the family Scelionidae 

are described from the Late Eocene Rovno 

amber: Pseudotelea gracilis Kononova, gen. 

et sp. nov. (subfamily Scelioninae), Pseudidris 

striatus Kononova, gen. et sp. nov., and Ceratobaeoides 

cornutus Kononova, sp. nov. (subfamily 

Baeinae). The new taxa are compared 

with representatives of the Recent fauna. 

2010040331 

澳大利亚西塔斯马尼亚 Melba Flats 附近中 

寒武世三叶虫的地质意义 = Geological significance 

of middle Cambrian trilobites from 

near Melba Flats, western Tasmania. ( 英文 ). 

Jago J B; Bentley C J. Australian Journal of 

Earth Sciences, 2010, 57(4): 469 - 481 

In western Tasmania, near Melba Flats, a 

basalt within the Serpentine Hill Complex is 

overlain unconformably by Dundas Group 

sediments (Hodge Slate). About 32 m above 

the unconformity, a siltstone contains anostoid 

and polymerid trilobites that indicate correlation 

with the middle Cambrian Ptychagnostus 

punctuosus Zone (Drumian Stage of unnamed 

Epoch 3 of the Cambrian). This provides an 

upper limit of about 505.2-504.5 Ma to the 

emplacement of ultramafic allochthons in 

western Tasmania. Other fossils present include 

dendroids, inarticulate brachiopods, hyolithids, 

helcionellids and sponges. The widespread 

agnostoid trilobite Ptychagnostus affinis 

(Br gger 1878) and the holocephalinid 

trilobites Meneviella and Holocephalina are 

recorded for the first time in Tasmania 

97

2010040332 

加拿大北极地区早泥盆世节肢动物柱尾鲎 

型板足鲎类 = Early Devonian stylonurine 

eurypterids from Arctic Canada. ( 英文 ). 

Lamsdell J C; Braddy S J; Loeffler E J; Dineley 

D L. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2010, 47(11): 1405–1415 

Two new stylonurine eurypterids are described 

from the Peel Sound Formation (Early 

Devonian, Lochkovian) of the northern coast 

of Prince of Wales Island, Nunavut, Arctic 

Canada. Associations including pteraspids and 

ostracodes indicate a fluvial depositional environment. 

An almost complete stylonurid, 

Pagea plotnicki sp. nov., is recognized by its 

large size and lack of vaulting on the carapace, 

and it provides evidence that Stylonurus and 

Pagea are sister-taxa. Also, a smaller incomplete 

rhenopterid assigned to Leiopterella tetliei 

gen. et sp. nov., is characterized by its 

broad turbinate carapace and lack of cuticular 

sculpture. This assemblage provides the first 

Canadian record of Pagea, and the youngest 

occurrence of a rhenopterid outside the 

Rheno-Hercynian Terrane, indicating that 

these taxa were more geographically widespread 

than previously supposed. 

2010040333 

加拿大西北部寒武纪 Sekwi 组小油栉虫型 

三叶虫新资料 = New information on olenelline 

trilobites from the Cambrian Sekwi Formation 

in northwestern Canada. ( 英文 ). Abe F 

R; Lieberman B S; Pope M C; Dilliard K. Canadian 

Journal of Earth Sciences, 2010, 

47(12): 1445–1449 

A new species of olenelline trilobite, Nevadella 

keelensis, is described from the Early 

Cambrian (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3) in the 

Sekwi Formation, Mackenzie Mountains, 

Canada. The difficulty in discerning between 

Nevadia Walcott, 1910 and Nevadella Raw, 

1936 is discussed, and a revision of the two 

genera is suggested, particularly with the addition 

of Nevadella keelensis n. sp. A holmiid 

trilobite, perhaps conspecific with Esmeraldina 

rowei (Walcott, 1910), was also confirmed 

from the same locality. The E. sp. aff. rowei 

represents the narrow form of a species known 

for great variability in cephalic form. The trilobite 

material comes from a low diversity, 

shallow water, peritidal facies that was not 

sampled in previous studies of Cambrian fossils 

in the area, and could prove useful in facilitating 

biostratigraphic correlation across 

the Selwyn Basin and with other parts of 

Laurentia as well. 

2010040334 

重新研究 Mimetaster hexagonalis: 德国下 

泥盆统 Hunsruck 扳岩一小锄虫型节肢动 

物 = Re-investigation of Mimetaster hexagonalis: 

a marrellomorph arthropod from the 

Lower devonian Hunsruck Slate (Germany). 

( 英文 ). Kuhl G; Rust J. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(3): 397-411 

The arthropod Mimetaster hexagonalis is 

re-described. With 123 available individuals, 

M. hexagonalis is the most abundant nontrilobite 

arthropod from this Lagerstatte. New 

(as well as old)specimenmaterial shows new 

morphological features of M. hexagonalis. 

The ontogeny is described based on three juvenile 

specimens. The growth mode is similar 

to that in the marrellomorph Vachonisia 

rogeri. The mode of life of the arthropod is reconsidered. 

2010040335 

一个蜻蜓目 aeshnopteran 型蜻蜓中生代中 

国新属 = A new Mesozoic Chinese genus of 

aeshnopteran dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera: 

Progobiaeshnidae). ( 英文 ). Nel A; Huang 

Di-ying. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2010, 9(4): 

141-145 

Mongoliaeshna sinica gen. et sp. n., third 

record of the Mesozoic aeshnopteran family 

Progobiaeshnidae is described from the Lower 

Cretaceous of Yixian Formation in Liutiaogou 

(Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia, China 

2010040336 

意大利 Arene Candide 洞穴 "M" layers 的 

晚冰期蝙蝠 = Lateglacial bats from the "M" 

Layers of the Arene Candide Cave (Liguria, 

Italy). ( 英文 ). Salari L. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia 

e stratigrafia, 2010, 116(1): 119- 

138 

In this paper the fossil bone ramains of bats 

from "M" layer are described. Fifteen taxa, 

divided into 3 familes and 6 genera have been 

identified. Commenta for each of these taxa 

on current ecological and geographical distributions 

are presented, together with some osteomatric 

measures and recrnt data referred to 

Late Pleistocene fossils bats in Italy. Finally, 

the value of this bat tanathocoenoses as a microclimatic, 

environmental, and human activity 

indicators is discussed. 

2010040337 

西班牙西南部晚第三纪介形类的捕食作用 

= Predation on Neogene ostracods of south- 

98

western Spain. ( 英文 ). Ruiz F; Abad M; Gonzalez-Regalado 

M L; Civis J; Gonzalez- 

Delgado J A; Garcia E X M; Toscano A. Rivista 

Italiana di Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 

2010, 116(2): 253-260 

This paper analyzes the evidence for predation 

on ostracods observed in Neogene sediments 

of Louthwestern Spain. Eighty bored 

valves were extracted from the analysis of 

more than 2000 specimens collected in shallow 

marine to upper bathyal palaeoenvironments. 

Bored specimens are more abundant in 

Neogene shallow marine areas, although very 

high percentages can be obtained in deeper 

sediments with very low ostracod densities. 

Two main types of boreholes can be distinguished, 

being concentrated mainly in the central 

areas of the valves, and drilled mainly by 

the gastropods. Borehole diameter shows a 

positive but no significant correlation with the 

dimensions of the predated valves. Ornamentation 

seems to be secondary in the predatory 

selection. 

2010040338 

早寒武世双瓣壳的节肢动物 Kunyangella 

属和 Kunmingella 属 ; 高肌虫类的系统发 

育关系的意义 = Soft-part anatomy of the 

Early Cambrian bivalved arthropods Kunyangella 

and Kunmingella: significance for the 

phylogenetic relationships of Bradoriida. ( 英 

文 ). Hou Xianguang; Williams M; Siveter D J; 

Siveter D J; Aldridge R J; Sansom R S. Proceedings 

of the Royal Society B: Biological 

Sciences, 2010, 277(1689): 1835-1841 

Bradoriids are small bivalved marine arthropods 

that are widespread in rocks of Cambrian 

to Early Ordovician age. They comprise 

seven families and about 70 genera based on 

shield (‘carapace’) morphology. New bradoriid 

specimens with preserved soft-part 

anatomy of Kunmingella douvillei (Kunmingellidae) 

are reported from the Early 

Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte of China 

together with, for the first time to our knowledge, 

a second bradoriid species with preserved 

soft parts, Kunyangella cheni (Comptalutidae). 

Kunmingella douvillei has a 10- 

segmented limb-bearing body with uniramous 

ninth and tenth appendages and a series of 

homogeneous, apparently (proximal parts not 

preserved) unspecialized post-antennal biramous 

limbs with setose leaf-shaped exopods. 

Each endopod consists of five podomeres. A 

presumed penultimate instar of Ky. cheni preserves 

remnants of three head and two trunk 

appendages, and the adult is reconstructed as 

having four head appendages. This material 

allows testing of the affinity of the Bradoriida. 

Kunmingella is identified as a stem crustacean 

in character-based analyses, through both 

morphological comparisons and cladistic reconstructions. 

Global parsimony analysis recovers 

a monophyletic Bradoriida as the sister 

group to crown crustaceans. 

2010040339 

日本东北部 Shimokita 半岛早更新世滨田 

组介形类化石 : 其发现对浅水动物群的古 

生物地理意义 = Early Pleistocene Ostracods 

from the Hamada Formation in the Shimokita 

Peninsula, Northeastern Japan: the Palaeobiogeographic 

Significance of their Occurrence 

for the Shallow-Water Fauna. ( 英文 ). Ozawa 

H; Domitsu H. Paleontological Research, 

2010, 14(1): 1-18 

The early Pleistocene ostracod fauna from 

the Hamada Formation (ca. 1.5–1.2 Ma) was 

investigated in the Shimokita Peninsula, 

northeastern Japan. Twelve samples of this 

fossil fauna yielded 184 species, many of 

which are representative upper-shelf ostracods 

in the modern northeastern Japan Sea. Three 

biofacies were defined by Q-mode cluster 

analysis. The two most abundant species for 

each biofacies are Neonesidea sp. and Schizocythere 

kishinouyei in biofacies N, Buntonia 

hanaii and Yezocythere hayashii in biofacies 

B, and Laperousecythere robusta and Finmarchinella 

daishakaensis in biofacies L. The 

depositional environment of the individual 

biofacies can be defined as (1) upper-shelf 

area under open-sea influence in relatively 

high salinity (biofacies N), (2) inner—centralbay 

area, with relatively low salinity (biofacies 

B), and (3) bay-mouth area with intermediate 

salinity levels between those of (1) and 

(2) (biofacies L). Water depth decreased from 

the upper-shelf area through to the bay-mouth 

and then to the inner-central-bay areas during 

the depositional period of the studied horizons. 

The palaeoceanographic setting during most 

of the depositional period was estimated as the 

conditions of a water mass similar to the present 

Japan Sea Central Water, while surface 

waters were influenced by currents similar to 

the modern Tsugaru Warm and Oyashio Cold 

Currents. Based on the species content of biofacies 

B, Buntonia and Yezocythere commonly 

inhabited shallow inner-bay areas around 1.2 

Ma in this region, instead of the modern representative 

inner-bay taxa of Japan which first 

appeared in the northernmost Honshu region 

after 1.0 Ma. The occurrence mode for extant 

99

and now-extinct species of the families Hemicytheridae, 

Cytheruridae and Eucytheridae 

suggests that the ostracod fauna in the uppershelf 

environment from the Hamada Formation 

was similar to those from the southwestern 

to northeastern Japan Sea coast during the 

same period, even though it is situated at the 

easternmost extremity of the Japan Sea coastline 

(ca. 141°E) near the Pacific. 

2010040340 

节肢动物分子幅散时间和寒武纪五节类的 

起源 = Arthropod molecular divergence times 

and the Cambrian origin of pentastomids. ( 英 

文 ). Sandersa K L; Lee M S Y. Systematics 

and Biodiversity, 2010, 8(1): 63 - 74 

Pentastomida are parasites of tetrapods (especially 

reptiles) and have had long contentious 

relationships. Traditionally seen as a 

separate phylum with arthropod affinities, recent 

ultrastructural and molecular evidence 

unites them to branchiuran crustaceans (fish 

lice). However, the discovery of Cambrian 

pentastomids has been interpreted to refute the 

view that pentastomids are closely related to 

advanced crustaceans (of presumably recent 

origins). Bayesian phylogenetic and relaxedclock 

analyses of molecular data (18S and 28S 

ribosomal RNA, elongation factor 1 and 2, 

RNA polymerase II subunit) help reconcile 

these apparently contradictory views: a pentastomid-branchiuran 

grouping is recovered, 

but this clade is the sister group to other Tetraconata, 

whereas all other crustaceans form a 

monophyletic group that is sister to hexapods. 

Crustacean monophyly is widely supported by 

morphology, but has rarely been retrieved in 

other molecular studies. Estimated molecular 

dates for pentastomid origins range from ∼490 

to ∼ 520 million years ago, consistent with 

Cambrian fossils. The basal position of branchiurans 

within tetraconatans means pentastomids 

can be simultaneously related to branchiurans, 

and also have a deep fossil record. 

All Cambrian pentastomids are tiny, resembling 

the larvae of living pentastomids that 

infect intermediate hosts including fish; as 

definitive hosts (tetrapods) of modern pentastomids 

were absent in the Cambrian, it is possible 

that the small Cambrian forms were 

adults rather than larvae, and their entire life 

cycle was confined to small fish-like vertebrates 

that were then present. 

棘皮动物 

2010040341 

后古生代海胆类的系统发育和分类 = The 

phylogeny and classification of post- 

Palaeozoic echinoids. ( 英文 ). Kroh A; Smith 

A B. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 

2010, 8(2): 147-212 

The relationships of post-Palaeozoic echinoids 

at family level are established through 

phylogenetic analysis of 169 taxa and 306 

skeletal characters (excluding pedicellariae). 

Previous phylogenetic analyses of echinoids 

have either examined specific subgroups in 

detail or have looked at a relatively small 

number of taxa selected from across the class, 

with sparse sampling potentially affecting the 

reliability of results adversely. Our new analyses 

represent a compromise between encompassing 

the diversity of form that exists, while 

keeping the number of taxa to a level that does 

not make rigorous analysis impossibly timeconsuming. 

In constructing the taxoncharacter 

data matrix we have encountered a 

surprising lack of primary data on plating pattern, 

lantern, and girdle structure for many 

supposedly owell-knowno taxa. A wellresolved 

phylogenetic hypothesis was obtained 

and is used as the basis for a formal 

classification. Characters generally have a 

high retention index (0.7) but low consistency 

index (0.25) suggesting that, although characters 

are largely retained after they first evolve, 

most also undergo occasional reversal or convergence. 

Although parts of the resulting trees 

are only weakly supported (e.g. the precise 

sister group of the Irregularia), other parts are 

unambiguously resolved. Not unexpectedly, 

deep nodes are often not supported by unique 

apomorphies and higher taxa acquire their 

characteristic set of features over time. Diagnoses 

based on crown group taxa thus often 

fail to encompass fossil stem-group members 

adequately. Establishing the relationships of 

taxa at the root of large groups is hampered by 

limited character resolution. The influence of 

fossil taxa on the topology was explored by 

comparing the tree topologies obtained with 

and without their inclusion. We show that removal 

of fossils from stem groups makes no 

difference where their crown group is morphologically 

conservative, but has a major 

influence where extant sister groups are separated 

by large morphological gaps. Completeness 

of the echinoid record and its match to 

the stratigraphical record of first occurrences 

is tested using various metrics and found to be 

highly congruent, with irregular echinoids 

showing a higher congruence than regular 

ones. 

100

2010040342 

英国 Bedfordshire 郡 Leighton Buzzard 地 

区 Shenley 灰岩 ( 阿尔布阶 ) 中的海百合 = 

Crinoids from the Shenley Limestone (Albian) 

of Leighton Buzzard, Bedfordshire, UK. ( 英 

文 ). Hess H; Gale A S. Journal of Systematic 

Palaeontology, 2010, 8(3): 427-447 

A diverse and exceptionally preserved crinoid 

fauna is described from the Early Albian 

(Leymeriella tardefurcata Zone) Shenley 

Limestone of Leighton Buzzard (Bedfordshire, 

England). It is unusual in the presence of a 

number of species which are the last records 

of genera common in and typical of the Jurassic 

(the isocrinid Balanocrinus smithi sp. nov., 

the millericrinids Apiocrinites gillieroni (de 

Loriol) and an unnamed species of 

Apiocrinites, and the cyclocrinid Cyclocrinus 

variolarius (Seeley)), in association with the 

first record of the typically Cretaceous 

Roveacrinidae (Discocrinus integer sp. nov.). 

Sclerocrinids (Cyrtocrinida) are represented 

by Torynocinus canon and Torynocrinus globosus 

sp. nov. The excellent preservation of 

the material permits new and taxonomically 

important observations to be made on cup 

structure in the sclerocrinid and roveacrinid 

species, and the first description of Torynocrinus 

brachials. Additionally, the material includes 

different growth stages and brachials 

which allow for extended diagnoses of known 

species. The fauna is also remarkable for the 

association of differently sized stalked crinoids 

attached either by cirri or holdfasts, and 

a pelagic roveacrinid. 

2010040343 

波兰西北沃林岛上土伦阶的 Apodid 类海参 

动物 ( 棘皮动物门 : 海参纲 ) = Apodid sea 

cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) 

from the Upper Turonian of the Isle of Wolin, 

NW Poland. ( 英文 ). Reich M; Wiese F. Cretaceous 

Research, 2010, 31(4): 350-363 5 图 

版 . 

A diverse holothurian fauna from the Upper 

Turonian of the Isle of Wolin (northwestern 

Poland), is described and assessed with respect 

to palaeoecology, palaeobiology and 

evolutionary diversification. The fauna was 

recovered from chalk and partly silicified 

chalk. A stratigraphic re-assessment of all 

available biostratigraphic literature permits 

assignment to the Subprionocyclus neptuni 

ammonite zonal age (late Turonian). The majority 

of the holothurian fauna consists of apodid, 

aspidochirotid, and elasipodid species. 

The part of the fauna described here consists 

of sclerite species of three different Recent 

families of the Apodida. Two new forms, Calcancora 

venusta sp. nov. and Rigaudites ernsti 

sp. nov. (Synaptidae: Rynkatorpinae), are described, 

figured and discussed. 

2010040344 

最老的海桩纲棘皮动物 : 德国中寒武世 

Ceratocystis 一新种 = The oldest stylophoran 

echinoderm: a new Ceratocystis from the 

Middle Cambrian of Germany. ( 英文 ). Rahman 

I A; Zamora S; Geyer G;. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(2): 227-237 

A new stylophoran (Ceratocystis prosthiakida 

sp. nov.) from the early Middle Cambrian 

of the Franconian forest is described 

with the aid of computed tomography, a powerful 

means of visualizing fossil antomy. Investigation 

in this manner enabled previously 

inaccessible, buried parts of the fossil to be 

imaged and studied. In addition, a procedure 

for digitally correcting plate articulations was 

implemented. 

2010040345 

德国莱茵地块 Schlade 山谷中吉维特阶棘 

皮动物 : 习性、分类和生态地层 = Middle 

Givetian echinoderms from the Schlade Valley 

(Rhenish Massif, Germany): habitats, taxonomy 

and ecostratigraphy. ( 英文 ). Bohaty J; 

Herbig H-G. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(3): 365-385 

Crinoids and phiocistioids from classical 

fossil localities of the National Geosite 

"Schlade Valley", NE of Bergisch Gladbach 

are reported for the first time. The fossils were 

derived from the reefal Buchel Formation at 

the northern flank of the Bergisch Gladbach- 

Paffrath Syncline. From the abandoned quarry 

"Im Grubenfeld", skeletal elements of holothuroids, 

phiocistioids and crinoids are documented 

from a bituminous marly shale horizon 

in the middle Buchel Formation. 

2010040346 

棘皮动物门海百合纲启示海百合类幸免于 

白垩纪 - 古近纪绝灭事件 = Roveacrinids 

(Crinoidea, Echinodermata) survived the Cretaceous-Paleogene 

(K-Pg) extinction event. 

( 英文 ). Salamon M A; Gorzelak P; Ferré B; 

Lach R. Geology, 2010, 38(10): 883-885 

Although crinoids appear not to have been 

involved in the great change in diversity at the 

Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary ex- 

101

tinction event, it has been assumed that representatives 

of order Roveacrinida became extinct 

during this time. Well-preserved fossils 

from the Danian (early Paleocene) of Poland 

demonstrate that these crinoids survived into 

the earliest Cenozoic. This find merits the 

qualification of this order as a "dead clade 

walking." 

2010040347 

海百合午餐吗 ? 苏格兰上奥陶统一种意想 

不到的生物相互作用 = Crinoids for lunch? 

An unexpected biotic interaction from the Upper 

Ordovician of Scotland. ( 英文 ). Donovan 

S K; Sutton M D; Sigwart J D. Geology, 2010, 

38(10): 935-938 

Specimens of the polyplacophoran mollusk 

‘Helminthochiton’ thraivensis Reed from the 

Upper Ordovician of southwest Scotland provide 

rare examples of complete valve series 

preserved in near life position, albeit as external 

molds. Application of high-resolution X- 

ray microtomography to one such specimen 

has revealed the exceptional preservation of its 

last meal, which included elements of a crinoid 

column, in its intestine. The interaction 

was either predatory or scavenging; extant 

chitons are not known to be crinoidivorous. 

This is the earliest direct record of predation or 

scavenging on crinoids in the fossil record. It 

is also the first indication that the broad axial 

canal of primitive crinoids may have contained 

nutritious tissues. The predatory or 

scavenging habit of H. thraivensis is consistent 

with its inferred phylogenetic position as a 

stem-group aplacophoran and provides new 

data suggesting an origin of carnivory early in 

the evolution of this clade. 

笔石动物 

2010040348 

秘鲁南部桑迪亚地区中奥陶世达瑞威尔阶 

笔石动物群 = Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) 

graptolite faunas of the Sandia Region, 

southern Peru.. ( 英文 ). Maletz J; Reimann C; 

Spiske M ;Bahlburg H; Brussa E D. Geological 

Journal, 2010, 45(4): 397–411 

Ordovician graptolite faunas of Peru are restricted 

to a short interval in the Middle to 

basal Upper Ordovician, found in three regions 

of the country. All Peruvian graptolite 

faunas are strongly dominated by shallow water 

elements of the Atlantic Faunal Realm, 

represented largely by Didymograptus s. str. 

and Aulograptus, but a number of faunal elements 

of the pandemic isograptid biofacies 

have recently been discovered in the Sandia 

Region of SE Peru. Peruvian graptolite faunas 

are reviewed and the new records from the 

Sandia Region are discussed in detail. The 

faunas from the Purumpata and Iparo members 

of the San José Formation range in age 

approximately from the Undulograptus austrodentatus 

Biozone to the Holmograptus lentus 

Biozone (early to middle Darriwilian). The 

faunas provide a better understanding of faunal 

composition and diversity in this region 

and help to correlate shallow water and deeper 

water graptolite faunas from this time interval. 

Biserial graptolites are rare in most samples 

and usually indeterminable, but a single identifiable 

specimen of Undulograptus austrodentatus 

was found, indicating a level close 

to the base of the Darriwilian. A number of 

specimens of the genera Isograptus and 

Arienigraptus from the Sandia Region represent 

pandemic graptolite faunas of the isograptid 

biofacies, described for the first time 

from this region. 

分类位置不明 

2010040349 

北格陵兰下寒武统新的多板疑难化石 

Trachyplax arctica = Trachyplax arctica, a 

new multiplated problematic fossil from the 

lower Cambrian of North Greenland. ( 英文 ). 

Larsson C M; Peel J S; Hogstrom A E S. Acta 

palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 54(3): 513- 

523 

A new scleritome-bearing organism with 

eight sclerite types, Trahyplax arctica gen. et 

sp. nov., is described from the lower cambrian 

Paralledal Formation of North Greenland. The 

originally calcareous sclerites are now silicified; 

no microstructures are preserved. The 

dominant sclerite type is bilaterally symmetrical, 

strongly arched, with an oval shield showing 

co-marginal growth lines and a projecting 

rostrum with prominent radial ornamentation. 

A similar sclerite morphology can be identified 

in Silurian-Carboniferous multiplacophoran 

molluscs but the remaining sclerite 

types, which also display a combination of 

concentric and radial ornamentation, find no 

clear equivalents. Two models for scleritome 

reconstruction are presented, based on the 

relative abundance of the sclerites, but neither 

promotes a satisfactory assignment to a higher 

taxon. 

2010040350 

102

澳大利亚南部早寒武世 tommotiid 类的 

Camenella reticulosa: 形态 , 骨骼再建和系 

统发育 = The tommotiid Camenella reticulosa 

from the early Cambrian of South Australia: 

Morphology, scleritome recosnstruction, and 

phylogeny. ( 英文 ). Skovsted C B; Balthasar U; 

Brock G A; Paterson J R. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2009, 54(3): 525-540 

The tommotiid Camenella reticulosa is redescribed 

based on new collections of well 

preserved sclerites from the Arrowie Basin, 

South Australia, revealing new information 

concerning morphology and microstructure. 

Camenella is morphologically most similar to 

Lapworthella, Kennardia, and Dailyatia, and 

these taxa are interpreted to represent a monophyletic 

clade, here termed the "camenellans", 

within the Tommotiida. Potential reconstructions 

of the scleritome of Camenella are discussed 

and although a tubular scleritome ocnstruction 

was recently demonstrated for the 

tommotiids Eccentrotheca and Paterimitra, a 

bilaterally symmetrical scletitome model with 

the sclerites arranged symmetrically on the 

dorsal surface of a vagrant animal can be ruled 

out. 

2010040351 

德国东南部下巴伐利亚 Dommelstadl 和 

Gurlarn 地区下 Ottnangian 阶上海相磨拉 

石的龙介科 = Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) 

from the Lower Ottnangian (Late 

Burdigalian) Upper Marine Molasse of Dommelstadl 

and Gurlarn (Passau area, Lower Bavaria, 

SE Germany). ( 英文 ). Jager M; Schneider 

S. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. 


2): 105-115 

This paper describes and illustrates in detail 

three serpulid species (Serpula (Cementula) 

subanfracta, Pseudovermilia? scolopendra, 

and Protolaeospiraq concamerata belonging 

to three different genera and two subfamilies 

that were discovered from Lower Ottnangian 

clayey-marly sediments at dommelstadl and 

Gurlarn. This account represents the first description 

of Serpulidae from the Upper Marine 

Molasse of Lower Bavaria. 

2010040352 

爱沙尼亚共和国北部奥陶纪的角管虫 

Semiapertus Opik, 1930 的壳体微观结构和 

其它早期角管虫 = Shell microstructure of 

cornulites Semiapertus Opik, 1930 and other 

early cornulitids from the Ordovician of North 

Estonia. ( 英文 ). Vinn O. GFF, 2010, 132(2): 

129-132 

The shell microstructure of Ordovician cornulites 

species is in general similar to Silurian 

species. The earliest cornulitid from Baltica, C. 

semiapertus Opik, 1930 (Darriwilian), has 

vesicles, lamellar shell structure, but no pseudopunctae. 

The earliest cornulites with pseudopunctae 

appears in the Katian. The initial 

shell structure of cornulitids may have been 

microlamellar, but without pseudopunctae. 

古脊椎动物学 

综论 

2010040353 

在牙形石中确认的最早认识的有毒动物 = 

The earliest known venomous animals recognized 

among conodonts. ( 英文 ). Szaniawski H. 


669-676 

Conodonts, a large group of tiny extinct 

marine animals ranging in age from the Late 

Cambrian to Late Triassic, are usually considered 

as jawless vertebrates. Their only commonly 

occurring fossilized remains are minute, 

phosphatic, teeth-like elements of their feeding 

apparatuses. In most of the early conodonts 

the elements were conical and strongly 

elongated. Many of them are characterized by 

possession of a deep, longitudinal groove, 

usually associated with sharp edges or ridges. 

A comparative study of the grooved elements 

and venomous teeth and spines of living and 

extinct vertebrates strongly suggests that the 

groove in conodonts was also used for delivery 

of venom. 

2010040354 

德国 Sandelzhausen 地区中新世 Ectothermic 

脊椎动物及其环境再建和古气候意义 = 

Ectothermic vertebrates (Actinopterygii, Allocaudata, 

Urodela, Anura, Crocodylia, Squamata) 

from the Miocene of Sandelzhausen 

(Germany, Bavaria) and their implications for 

enrironment reconstruction and palaeoclimate. 

( 英文 ). Bohme M. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(4): 3-41 

The Early to Middle Miocene fossil locality 

Sandelzhausen has yielded 48 species of ectothermic 

vertebrates and thus represents one of 

the most diverse ectotherm faunas of Miocene 

age. Using the TRM it was demonstrated that 

the palaeohydrology of Sandelzhausen is 

characterized by a change from temporary 

water to permanent water conditions. Based 

103

on the occurrence of several thermophilous 

reptile species, and in agreement with palaeobotanical 

and oxygen isotope data, the 

climate of Sandelzhausen is interpreted as 

subtropical with mean annual temperatures. 

2010040355 

从过去动物姿势推断绝灭种前庭能力的新 

方法 = Motion from the past. A new method 

to infer vestibular capacities of extinct species. 

( 英文 ). David R; Droulez J; Allain R; Berthoz 

A; Janvier P; Bennequin D. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2010, 9(6-7): 397-410 

The vestibular system detects head movement 

in space and maintains visual and postural 

stability. The semicircular canal system 

is responsible for registering head rotation. 

How it responds to head rotation is determined 

by the rotational axis and the angular acceleration 

of the head, as well as the sensitivity and 

orientation of each semicircular canal. The 

morphological parameters of the semicircular 

canals are supposed to allow an optimal detection 

of head rotations induced by some behaviours, 

especially locomotor. We propose a 

new method of semicircular canal analysis, 

based on the computation of central streamlines 

of virtually reconstructed labyrinths. 

This method allows us to ascertain the functional 

structure of the semicircular canal system 

and to infer its capacity to detect particular 

head rotations, induced by particular behaviours. 

In addition, this method is wellsuited 

for datasets provided by any kind of 

serial sectioning methods, from MRI to μCT 

scanning and even mechanical serial sectioning, 

of extant and extinct taxa. 

2010040356 

三维半形态测量标志性两个应用暗示不同 

的模板设计 : 爬行动物兽足类骨盆和鼩鼱 

头骨 = Two applications of 3D semilandmark 

morphometrics implying different 

template designs: the theropod pelvis and the 

shrew skull. ( 英文 ). Souter T; Cornette R; 

Pedraza J; Hutchinson J; Baylac M. Comptes 

Rendus Palevol, 2010, 9(6-7): 411-422 

Geometric morphometrics involves defining 

landmark points to generate a discrete representation 

of an object. This crucial step is 

strongly influenced by the biological question 

guiding the analysis, and even more when using 

curve and surface semi-landmarks methods, 

because these require to generate a template 

of reference. We exemplify these constraints 

using two datasets from projects with 

very different backgrounds. The Theropod 

Dataset is a functional morphometric analysis 

of different extinct and extant theropod pelves. 

The Shrew Dataset is a populational morphometric 

analysis of the white-toothed shrew 

with very small variations in skull shape. We 

propose a novel procedure to generate a regular 

template configuration, using polygonal 

modelling tools. This method allows us to 

control the template geometry and adapt its 

complexity to the morphological variation in 

the sample. More studies are necessary to assess 

the morphometric and statistical importance 

of template design in curve and surface 

analyses. 

2010040357 

三叠纪四足类动物的生物地理 : 在现代四 

足类谱系的早期演化中地区性和被动分布 

区重叠的分支发生进化的证据 = Biogeography 

of Triassic tetrapods: evidence for provincialism 

and driven sympatric cladogenesis 

in the early evolution of modern tetrapod lineages. 

( 英文 ). Ezcurra M D. Proceedings of the 

Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010, 

277(1692): 2547-2552 

Triassic tetrapods are of key importance in 

understanding their evolutionary history, because 

several tetrapod clades, including most 

of their modern lineages, first appeared or experienced 

their initial evolutionary radiation 

during this Period. In order to test previous 

palaeobiogeographical hypotheses of Triassic 

tetrapod faunas, tree reconciliation analyses 

(TRA) were performed with the aim of recovering 

biogeographical patterns based on phylogenetic 

signals provided by a composite tree 

of Middle and Late Triassic tetrapods. The 

TRA found significant evidence for the presence 

of different palaeobiogeographical patterns 

during the analysed time spans. First, a 

Pangaean distribution is observed during the 

Middle Triassic, in which several cosmopolitan 

tetrapod groups are found. During the 

early Late Triassic a strongly palaeolatitudinally 

influenced pattern is recovered, with 

some tetrapod lineages restricted to palaeolatitudinal 

belts. During the latest Triassic, 

Gondwanan territories were more closely related 

to each other than to Laurasian ones, 

with a distinct tetrapod fauna at low palaeolatitudes. 

Finally, more than 75 per cent of the 

cladogenetic events recorded in the tetrapod 

phylogeny occurred as sympatric splits or 

within-area vicariance, indicating that evolutionary 

processes at the regional level were the 

main drivers in the radiation of Middle and 

104

Late Triassic tetrapods and the early evolution 

of several modern tetrapod lineages 

2010040358 

关于最早四足动物的化石记录能说些什 

麽 : 序列、地层和 scenarios? = Sequences, 

stratigraphy and scenarios: what can we say 

about the fossil record of the earliest 

tetrapods?. ( 英文 ). Friedman M; Brazeau M D. 

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological 

Sciences, 2011, 278(1704): 432-439 

Past research on the emergence of digitbearing 

tetrapods has led to the widely accepted 

premise that this important evolutionary 

event occurred during the Late Devonian. 

The discovery of convincing digit-bearing 

tetrapod trackways of early Middle Devonian 

age in Poland has upset this orthodoxy, indicating 

that current scenarios which link the 

timing of the origin of digited tetrapods to 

specific events in Earth history are likely to be 

in error. Inspired by this find, we examine the 

fossil record of early digit-bearing tetrapods 

and their closest fish-like relatives from a statistical 

standpoint. We find that the Polish 

trackways force a substantial reconsideration 

of the nature of the early tetrapod record when 

only body fossils are considered. However, 

the effect is less drastic (and often not statistically 

significant) when other reliably dated 

trackways that were previously considered 

anachronistic are taken into account. Using 

two approaches, we find that 95 per cent 

credible and confidence intervals for the origin 

of digit-bearing tetrapods extend into the 

Early Devonian and beyond, spanning late 

Emsian to mid Ludlow. For biologically realistic 

diversity models, estimated genus-level 

preservation rates for Devonian digited 

tetrapods and their relatives range from 0.025 

to 0.073 per lineage-million years, an order of 

magnitude lower than species-level rates for 

groups typically considered to have dense records. 

Available fossils of early digited 

tetrapods and their immediate relatives are 

adequate for documenting large-scale patterns 

of character acquisition associated with the 

origin of terrestriality, but low preservation 

rates coupled with clear geographical and 

stratigraphic sampling biases caution against 

building scenarios for the origin of digits and 

terrestrialization tied to the provenance of particular 

specimens or faunas. 

鱼类 

2010040359 

澳大利亚中部吉维阶肺鱼一新属 = A new 

genus of lungfish from the Givetian (Middle 

Devonian) of central Australia. ( 英文 ). Clement 

A M. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 

2009, 54(4): 615-626 

A new Dipterus-like lungish, Harajicadipterus 

youngi, is described from the Givetian 

Harajica Sandstone Member of crntral Australia. 

The material is comprised of five specimens 

representing the skull roof, orbital bones, 

tooth plates, operculo-gular bones, a partial 

pectoral girdle, centra and scales. Harajicadipterus 

can be distinguished from other 

dipnoans by its long postorbital cheek, broad 

B bone, lack of contact between E and C 

bones, and radiating tooth rows with some 

denticles evident between the rows. Results of 

a cladistic analysis of 81 characters for 33 

dipnoan taxa resolved Harajicadipterus below 

the holodontid clade but as more derived than 

Dipterus and the chirodipterid clade. 

2010040360 

美国 Carolina 南部多切斯特郡 Chandler 

Bridge 组晚渐新世鲨类和虹鱼 = Late Oligocene 

sharks and rays from the Chandler 

Bridge Formation, Dorchester County, South 

Carolina, USA. ( 英文 ). Cicimurri D J; Knight 

J L. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 

54(4): 627-647 

Nearly 3500 teeth nd dermal denticles are 

assigned to 29 species of sharks and rays, and 

our sample includes the oldes known occurrence 

of the whale shark, Rhincodon, as well 

as a new skata, Raja mccollumi sp. nov. The 

Chandler Bridge elasmobranch assemblage is 

comprable in species diversity to chattian assemblages 

of Virginia and North Carolina, 

USA, and Germany. 

2010040361 

美国 Arizona 地区 Swisshelm 山脉宾夕法 

尼亚早期的异刺鲨类 = Early Pennsylvanian 

xenacanth chondrichthyans from the Swisshelm 

Mountins, Arizona, USA. ( 英文 ). Johnson 

G D; thayer D W. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2009, 54(4): 649-668 

Three genera of xenacanths, based on isolated 

teeth, occur in the lepospondyl (amphibian)-dominated 

fauna from the upper Black 

Prince Limestone. Orthacanthus donnelljohnsi 

sp. nov. teeth, with carinae lacking serrations 

on the compressed principal cusps, and only 

one intermediate cusp, represent both adult 

and juvenile teeth. Heterodonty occurs in both 

adult and juvenile dentitions. The absence of 

105

serrations is unique among Pennsylvanian 

species of Orthacanthus. Teeth with often 

highly asymmeteical bases with an aborallyflexed 

lingual marginal flange and a single 

intermediate cusp are assigned to Triodus 

elpia sp. nov. 

2010040362 

西班牙中始新世已绝灭锯鳐 Propristis 

schweinfurthi 的首次记录 = First record of 

the extinct sawfish Propristis schweinfurthi 

Dames, 1883 (Batoidea: Pristiformes: Pristidae) 

from the middle Eocene of Spain. ( 英文 ). 

Farres F; Fierstine H L. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(4): 459-466 

A partial rostrum of Propristis schweinfurthi 

dames, 1883 was collected in the Bartonian 

strata of northeastern Spain. The specimen 

represents the second record of the species 

from Europe, and the second occurrence 

of a sawfish (Mesopristis osonensis Farres, 

2003) from the Vic-Manlleu Marls Formation. 

In spite of some evidence to the contrary, 

Propristis probably preferred ecological conditions 

similar to extant sawfishes, i.e., inhabiting 

nearshore tropical to subtropical seas 

with occasional excursions into freshwater. 

2010040363 

欧洲渐新世蝴蝶鱼 tholichthys 幼虫期的首 

批化石记录 = First fossil records of the 

tholichthys larval stage of butterfly fishes 

(Perciformes, Chaetodontidae), from the Oligocene 

of Europe. ( 英文 ). Micklich N R; Tyler 

J C; Johnson G D; Swidnicka E; Bannikov 

A F. Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2009, 

83(4): 479-497 

The fist fossils of the tholochthys larval 

stage of a chaetodontid from the lower Oligocene 

of frauenweiler are described, along with 

two less well-preserved probable tholochthys 

from the lower Oligocene Menilite-Formation 

of Prezemysil. The fossils are compared with 

tholochthys larvae of the extant genus of 

Chaetodontidae to which they are most similar, 

namely Chaetodon. 

2010040364 

乌拉尔山脉南部和库斯内次煤田晚泥盆世 

长满铠甲的 bothriolepidid 类 = On higharmor 

bothriolepidid placoderms (Pisces, Placodermi, 

Bothriolepididae) from the Upper 

Devonian of the southern Ural Mountains and 

Kuznetsk Coal Basin. ( 英文 ). S V Moloshnikov. 

Paleontological Journal, 2010, 44(5): 

561-566 4 图版 . 

The bothriolepidid placoderms Bothriolepis 

markovskii sp. nov. from the southern Ural 

Mountains and Bothriolepididae gen. et sp. 

indet. from the Kuznetsk Coal Basin are described. 

The new species from the southern 

Ural Mountains has a high dorsal crest, resembling 

in this character Scottish B. cristata 

Traquair, Australian B. gippslandiensis Hills 

and B. cullodenensis Long, and B. heckeri 

Lukševičs from the Novgorod Region. The 

bothriolepidid from the Kuznetsk Coal Basin 

is similar to Bothriolepis from central Poland 

and Livnolepis from European Russia. The 

new finds expand the diversity and distribution 

of crested bothriolepidid antiarchs. Apparently, 

the high bone dorsal crest developed 

in parallel in the exoskeleton of different bothriolepidid 

groups. 

2010040365 

加拿大艾伯塔马斯特里赫特期 Horseshoe 

Canyon 组一个新的淡水鱼 = A new articulated 

freshwater fish (Clupeomorpha, Ellimmichthyiformes) 

from the Horseshoe Canyon 

Formation, Maastrichtian, of Alberta, Canada. 

( 英文 ). Newbrey M G; Murray A M; Brinkman 

D B; Wilson M V H;, Neuman A G. Canadian 


1183–1196 

Horseshoeichthys armaserratus, gen. et sp. 

nov., (Clupeomorpha: Ellimmichthyiformes: 

Sorbinichthyidae) is described from the 

Horseshoe Canyon Formation (Maastrichtian), 

Albertosaurus bonebed locality, Alberta, Canada. 

Horseshoeichthys armaserratus is classified 

as an ellimmichthyiform based on the following 

characters: the presence of a sixth infraorbital 

with a sensory canal that leads to the 

fifth infraorbital, absence of a supraorbital 

bone, subrectangular predorsal scutes, parietals 

in contact with each other at the midline, 

and two supramaxillae. The specimen is classified 

in the Sorbinichthyidae Family as it has 

abdominal ribs articulating in pits on the centra, 

posterior spines on predorsal scutes, and 

absence of a median spine on predorsal scutes. 

A new genus and species is proposed based on 

the presence of (anteriorly) Y-shaped mesethmoid, 

supraorbital, subrectangular predorsal 

scutes with coarse, rounded serrae on the 

posterior margin and a large anterior projection, 

scales with serrae on the circuli, and two 

postcleithra. This specimen represents the first 

freshwater ellimmichthyiform from the Upper 

Cretaceous of North America and the highest 

106

paleolatitude (59°N) occurrence known for the 

family. Furthermore, the dentary and centra 

have distinctive morphologies that are 

matched by specimens in microvertebrate localities 

from three underlying formations, including 

the Milk River Formation (Santonian), 

which indicates at least a 14 million year history 

for this lineage. 

2010040366 

葡萄牙上新世大白鲨 Carcharodon carcharias 

及其在大西洋东部的早期分布 = The 

great white shark Carcharodon carcharias 

(Linne, 1758) in the Pliocene of Portugal and 

its early distribution in eastern Atlantic. ( 英 

文 ). Antunes M T; Balbino A C. Revista Espanola 

de paleontologia, 2010, 25(1): 1-6 

The great white shark is represented but by 

a single upper right lateral tooth lost after use 

from a ca. 4 m TL, adult individual.The presence 

is very much in agreement with all 

known data about Iberian Peninsula, where it 

really has never been found in Miocene units 

but becomes common in lower Pliocene levels 

in Spain. Although the evidence is typical, it is 

too scarce to allow much speculation on the 

species numerical importance. If however we 

take ino account that no other shark teeth are 

known in the concerned sediments it can provisorily 

be accepted that its occurrence would 

be rather common. This new record for the 

Pliocene in Portugal underlines the closeness 

of the first known occurrences for the eastern 

Atlantic, both in its northern and southern 

parts as shown by the referred Pliocene fauna 

of Farol das Lagostas, Angola. 

2010040367 

稀有 synechodontiform 鲨类晚侏罗世 Welcommia 

的一新种 = A new Late Jurassic 

species of the rare synechodontiform shark, 

Welcommia (Chondrichthyes, Neoselachii). 

( 英文 ). Klug S; Kriwet J. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(3): 413-419 

The new species, Welcommia cappettai, is 

represented only by a single tooth, precluding 

reconstruction of its dentition in detail. Nevertheless, 

this specimen provides sufficient information 

and characteristics to establish its 

taxonomic status. New species occurs in the 

middle Oxfordian of southwestern Germany. 

This is the first unambiguous record and 

named species of Welcommia from the Late 

Jurassic, substantially reducing the rather 

large gap in the fossil record of this synechodontiform 

taxon. 

2010040368 

脊椎动物盾皮鱼类骨骼脉管化和生长 : 以 

Romundina stellina 的前中片为例 = Bone 

vascularization and growth in placoderms 

(Vertebrata): The example of the premedian 

plate of Romundina stellina Ørvig, 1975. ( 英 

文 ). Dupret V; Sanchez S; Goujet D; Tafforeau 

P; Ahlberg P E.. Comptes Rendus 

Palevol, 2010, 9(6-7): 369-375 

The Placodermi (armored jawed fishes), 

which appeared during the Lower Silurian and 

disappeared without leading any descendants 

at the end of the Famennian (Latest Devonian), 

have the highest diversity of known Devonian 

vertebrate groups. As phylogenetically basal 

gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates), they are 

potentially informative about primitive jawed 

vertebrate anatomy and origins. Until recently, 

the study of their internal or histological structures 

has required destructive methods such as 

sectioning or serial grinding. Recent advances 

in tomography and imaging technologies, especially 

through the increasing use of synchrotron 

phase contrast imaging for the study 

of fossils, allow us to reveal the inner structures 

of the fossil nondestructively and with 

unprecedented three-dimensional level of detail. 

Here, we present for the first time the prerostral 

anatomy of the small acanthothoracid 

Romundina stellina, one of the earliest and 

most basal placoderms. Phase contrast imaging 

allows us to reconstruct the vascularization 

and nerve canals of the premedian plate 

and adjacent parts of the skeleton threedimensionally 

in great detail, providing important 

clues to the growth modes and biology 

of the animal. 

2010040369 

中国南部罗平县中三叠世一新的基干的 

Neopterygian = A new basal Neopterygian 

from the Middle Triassic of Luoping County 

(South China). ( 英文 ). Tintori A; Sun Zuo-Yu; 

Lombarido C; Jiang Da-Yong; Sun Yuan-Lin; 

Hao Wei-Cheng. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia 

e stratigrafia, 2010, 116(2): 161-172 

A new taxon belonging to Neopterygians is 

described, based on very nicely preserved 

specimens from the rich vertebrate levels recently 

discovered in Luoping County, Yunan 

Province, South China. This new assemblage 

dates to Pelsonian, about the same age of the 

Panxian Fauna from the nearby Guizhou Province. 

The Luoping Fauna, yielding this new 

taxon, is turning out to be one of the most important 

fish faunas of the whole Middle Trias- 

107

sic and the oldest evidence of the fish radiation 

of this time span. This new genus of basal 

neopterygian shows unique derived characters, 

especially for the almost naked body, with a 

single row of uodermals covering the body 

lobe in the tail and a row of very small and 

thin scales bearing the lateral line canal along 

the flank. 

2010040370 

日本西部卢屋群山鹿组渐新世板鳃类生境 

复原 = Habitat Reconstruction of Oligocene 

Elasmobranchs from Yamaga Formation, 

Ashiya Group, Western Japan. ( 英文 ). Tomita 

T; Oji T. Paleontological Research, 2010, 

14(1): 69-80 

Remains of 11 species of extinct elasmobranch 

were obtained from the Oligocene 

Yamaga Formation on Ainoshima Island in 

northern Kitakyushu City, Japan. More than 

360 gill rakers belonging to a basking shark 

(Cetorhinus sp.) individual were collected 

from a stratigraphic horizon in the northern 

part of the island. This report represents the 

highest concentration of basking shark gill 

rakers in the fossil record of Japan. 

Based on sedimentary facies analysis combined 

with habitat data of extant sharks, habitats 

of Oligocene elasmobranchs were reconstructed. 

The result indicates that Oligocene 

sharks probably lived in an environment similar 

to that of extant sharks at the genus level. 

This does not support the previous hypotheses 

that some shark taxa (e.g., Hexanchus) existed 

within shallow environments during the Oligocene, 

and have since migrated into deeper 

water habitats. Analysis of other genera supports 

this hypothesis of stability in elasmobranch 

habitat preference, at least at the genus 

level, between the Oligocene and present day. 

2010040371 

日本长崎壹岐岛中新世鲤属的新属种 

Ikiculter chojabaruensis, = Ikiculter chojabaruensis, 

a New Genus and Species of Cyprinid 

Fish from the Miocene of Iki Island, 

Nagasaki, Japan. ( 英文 ). Yabumoto Y. Paleontological 

Research, 2010, 14(4): 277-292 

Ikiculter chojabaruensis is described on the 

basis of three specimens from the Miocene of 

Iki Island, Nagasaki, Japan, as a new genus 

and species of the family Cyprinidae. This 

new species possesses an elongate body, 

modified first unbranched fin ray of dorsal fin, 

extremely stout third dorsal spinelike fin ray 

with smooth posterior edge, apart tips of 

deeply forked basipterygium with a dorsal 

wing, elongated pterotic, smooth surface of 

opercle, large third vertebra twice as large as 

second one, 13 branched anal fin rays and 21 

abdominal and 20 caudal vertebrae. A phylogenetic 

study using the character matrix of a 

previous study suggests that the species is related 

to leuciscins+phoxinins, Ecocarpia, 

Iquius, xenocyprinins and cultins and is 

probably a sister taxon to a clade of 

Iquius+xenocyprinins and cultrins. An extinct 

group closely related to Recent cultrins and 

xenocyprinins existed in Miocene East Asia. 

2010040372 

北美中生代弓鲛鲨类卵囊体 Palaeoxyris 的 

首例明确记录 = First unequivocal record of 

the hybodont shark egg capsule Palaeoxyris in 

the Mesozoic of North America. ( 英文 ). 

Fischer J; Axsmith B J; Ash S R. Neues Jahrbuch 


2010, 255(3): 327-344 

The hybodont shark egg capsule Palaeoxyris 

humblei n. sp. is described here from four 

specimens collected from flood plain deposits 

in the Blue Mesa Member of the Chinle Formation 

of Late Triassic age in Petrified Forest 

National Park, Arizona. This find is the first 

unequivocal record of Palaeoxyris in the 

Mesozoic of North America. The species differs 

from previously known taxa, especially 

other Triassic forms in size and banding. It 

also is one of the smallest species assigned to 

the genus. 

2010040373 

北美中生代弓鲛鲨类卵囊体 Palaeoxyris 的 

首例明确记录 = First unequivocal record of 

the hybodont shark egg capsule Palaeoxyris in 

the Mesozoic of North America. ( 英文 ). 

Fischer J; Axsmith B J; Ash S R. Neues Jahrbuch 


2010, 255(3): 327-344 

The hybodont shark egg capsule Palaeoxyris 

humblei n. sp. is described here from four 

specimens collected from flood plain deposits 

in the Blue Mesa Member of the Chinle Formation 

of Late Triassic age in Petrified Forest 

National Park, Arizona. This find is the first 

unequivocal record of Palaeoxyris in the 

Mesozoic of North America. The species differs 

from previously known taxa, especially 

other Triassic forms in size and banding. It 

also is one of the smallest species assigned to 

the genus. 

2010040374 

108

西班牙早上新世白鲨类新的牙齿化石及其 

地中海区的古生态学意义 = New fossil teeth 

of the White Shark (Carcharodon carcharias) 

from the Early Pliocene of Spain. Implication 

for its paleoecology in the Mediterranean. ( 英 

文 ). Adnet S; Balbino A C; Antunes M T; 

Marin-Ferrer J M. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie 

u. Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2010, 

256(1): 7-16 

We report here supplementary fossil evidence 

from Guardamar del Segura that the 

White Shark, Carcharodon carcharias inhabits 

the Mediterranean since the Early Pliocene. 

Moreover, new fossils reveal that the body 

size of this great predator probably exceeded 

6.7 m in total length, a rate size in fossil record 

and never verified for living specimens to 

date as discussed in regard of material and 

methods. A review of fossil evidences of the 

largest sharks in the Western Mediterranean at 

the Mio-Pliocene seems to display a gradual 

ecological replacement of the giant fossil 

Megatooth shark ("M. megalodon) by the 

modern C. carcharias beyong the drametic 

marine environnemental crisis that underlines 

the Miocene/Pliocene boundary in the Mediteranean. 

两栖类 

2010040375 

巴西南部下三叠统一新离片锥类的出现 = 

On the presence of a pustulated temnospondyl 

in the Lower Triasssic of southern Brazil. ( 英 

文 ). Dias-Da-Silva S; Ramos Ilha A L. Acta 


614 

The Early Triassic temnospondyl record in 

southern Brazil is mainly composed of fragmentary 

specimens, usually represented by 

dermal skull bones from the Sanga do Cabral 

Formation. Some of these fragments were tentatively 

referred to Lydekkerinidae and Rhytidosteidae 

based on their characteristic ridgegrooved 

"spider-web" pattern of ornamentation. 

In this contribution we reprt, for the first 

time, a temnospondyl skull fragment with pustulated 

sculpturing pattern, which is tentatively 

ascribed to Plagiosauridae. This new 

record could indicated the presence of a new 

temnospondyl for the Lower Triassic of South 

America. 

爬行类 

2010040376 

哈萨克晚白垩世一基干 neoceratopsian 的 

首次记录 = First record of a basal neoceratopsian 

dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of 

Kazakhstan. ( 英文 ). Averianov A; Sues H-D. 


553-556 

Basal neoceratopsians became more abundant 

in the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia and 

China, although they are not known in this 

region from the latest Cretaceous. In contrast, 

basal neoceratopsians are rare during the Early 

Cretaceous in North America but became 

common and diverse during the Campanian 

and Maastrichtian. Little is known about the 

evolutionary history of this group in more 

inland regions of what are now Kazakhstan 

and adjoining countries. Asiaceratops documents 

the presence of basal neoceratopsians in 

the Cenomanian of Uzbekistan. Here we report 

on the first record of a basal neoceratopsian 

in the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan, 

based on two cranial bones from the Turonian 

Zhirkindek Formation in the northeastern Aral 

Sea region. 

2010040377 

安哥拉白垩纪最早的非洲 eucryptodiran 类 

= The oldest African euryptodiran turtle from 

the Cretaceous of Angola. ( 英文 ). Mateus O; 

Jacobs L; Polcyn M; Schulp A S; Vineyard D; 

Neto A B; Antunes T. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2009, 54(4): 581-588 

A new Late Cretaceous turtle, Angolachelys 

mbaxi gen. et sp. nov., from the Turonian of 

Angola, represents the oldest eucryptodire 

from Africa. Phylogenetic analysis recovers 

angolachelys mbaxi as the sister of Sandownia 

harrisi from the Aptian of Isle of Wight, England. 

Bootstrap analysis suggests those four 

taxa together form a previously unrecognized 

monophyletic clade of marine turtles, herein 

named Angolachelonia clade nov., supported 

by the following synapomorphies: mandibular 

articulation of quadrate aligned with or posterior 

to the occuput, and basisphenoid ot visible 

or visibility greatly reduced in ventral view. 

basal eucryptodires and angolachelonians 

originated in the northern hemisphere, thus 

Angolachelys represents one of the first marine 

amniote lineages to hav invaded the South 

Atlantic after separation of Africa and South 

America. 

2010040378 

荷兰 winterswijk 地区 Germanic 盆地西部 

下壳灰岩 Nothosaurus 属一新种 = A new 

species of the sauropsid reptile Nothosaurus 

109

from the Lower Muschelkalk of the western 

Germanic Basin, Winterswijk, The Netherlands. 

( 英文 ). Klein N; Albers P C H. Acta 


598 

A nothosaur skull recently discovered from 

the Lower Muschelkalk locality of Winterswijk, 

the Netherlands, represents at only 

46 mm in length the smallest nothosaur skull 

known tody. It resembles largely the skull 

morphology of Nothosaurus marchicus. Adding 

the specimen to an existing phylogenetic 

analysis shows that it should be assigned to a 

new species, Nothosaurus winkelhorsti sp. 

nov., at least until its juvenile status can be 

unequivocally verified. Nothosaurus winkelhorsti 

sp. nov. represents, together with Nothosaurus 

juvenilis, the most basal nothosaur, 

so far. 

2010040379 

俄罗斯二叠纪前棱蜥类爬行动物的 Alpha 

系统分类 = Alpha taxonomy of the Russian 

Permian procolophonoid reptiles. ( 英文 ). 

Saila L. Acta palaeontologica Polonica, 2009, 

54(4): 599-608 

European Russia has been the source of 

many procolophonoid taxa from both Permian 

and Trissic, and a Permian origin for the procolophonoid 

family Procolophonidae has been 

based on the Russian taxon Microphon exiguus. 

Redently, this taxon was reclassified as 

a seymouriamorph and, in its place, the taxa 

Nyctiphruretus, Suchonosaurus, and Kinelia 

from the Middle and Upper Permian of Russia 

were suggested as "procolophons", using evolutionay-systematic 

classification methods. In 

recent phylogenies, however, Nyctiphruretus 

has been recovered as a non-procolophonoid 

parareptile, whereas Kinelia and Suchonosaurus 

have never been included in a phylogenetic 

study. Re-examination indicated that 

Suchonosaurus is a member of the procolophonoid 

subfamily Procolophonidae based on 

the shape of the maxillary bone and the external 

naris, the laterally visible maxillary depression, 

and the number and type maxillary 

teeth. 

2010040380 

巴西 Rio grande do Sul 地区上三叠统 

Soturnia caliodon 的牙齿组织学 = Tooth 

histology of the parareptile Soturnia caliodon 

from the Upper Triassic of Rio Grande do Sul, 

Brazil. ( 英文 ). Cabreira S F; Cisneros J C. 


743-748 

A histological analysis of the dentition of 

the small procolophonid parareptile Soturnia 

caliodon reveals detaile information concerning 

tooth implantation and replacement for 

this taxon. The presence of acrodont tooth implantation 

is verified, which contradicts current 

models for procolophonid dentition. 

These structures provide a very stable occlusal 

morphology that extends the useful life of the 

teeth. 

2010040381 

裂隙充填物 : Svalbard 地区中三叠世 Botneheia 

组鱼龙 = Filling the gap - an ichthyosaur 

(Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) from the Middle 

Triassic Botneheia Formation of Svalbard. ( 英 

文 ). Maisch M W; Blomeier D. Neues Jahrbuch 


2009, 254(3): 379-384 

For the first time, remains of articulated 

ichthyosaur akeletons are described from the 

Middle Triassic Botneheia Formation of 

Spitzbergen. They are from the coast of Sauriedalen, 

Dickson Land, Svalbard. The two 

specimens comprise part of the trunk and the 

caudal vertebral column respectively. Some 

features, such as the very high and narrow 

caudal and posterior thoracic neural spines, 

the relatively elongate posterior thoracic vertebrae 

and the long andslender haemapophyses 

indicate that they probably represent a 

member of the family Toretocnemidae. 

2010040382 

南美恩土龙 Neoaetosauroides engaeus 颚的 

生物机械性能 = Jaw biomechanics in the 

Souh American aetosaur Neoaetosauroides 

engaeus. ( 英文 ). Desojo J B; Vizeaino S F. 

Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(4): 

499-510 

The function of the jaw apparatus and the 

possible dietary habits of the aetosaur Neoaetosauroides 

engaeus from the Triassic of 

South America were analyzed in comparison 

with Northern Hemisphere aetosaurs Desmatosuchus 

haplocerus and Stagonolepis robertsoni 

and the living short-snouted crocodile 

Alligator mississippiensis. The adductor and 

depressor jaw musculature of these was reconstructed 

on the basis of dental and skeletal 

comparisons with living closest relatives' extant 

phylogenetic bracket (EPB), followed by 

the analysis of the moment arms of these muscles 

to infer feeding habits. The aetosaurian 

110

skull design indicates that the total leverage of 

the inferred jaw musculature provides force 

rather than speed. 

2010040383 

东欧窝龙类迷龙的新数据 :2. Trematosaurus 

galae 新种 : 颅骨的形态学 = New data 

on trematosauroid labyrinthodonts of Eastern 

Europe: 2. Trematosaurus galae sp. nov.: Cranial 

morphology. ( 英文 ). Novikov I V. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(4): 457-467 1 

图版 . 

The cranial morphology of a new species of 

the genus of Trematosaurus, T. galae sp. nov., 

represented by fragmentary specimens from 

the Lower Triassic Donskaya Luka locality 

(Volgograd Region), is described in detail. 

The diagnosis of the genus Trematosaurus is 

amended. 

2010040384 

瑞典南部坎帕期 ( 晚白垩世 ) 蛇颈龙肢骨 

上的沧龙咬痕 = Mosasaur bite marks on a 

plesiosaur propodial from the Campanian 

(Late Cretaceous) of southern Sweden. ( 英文 ). 

Einarsson E; Lindgren J; Kear BP; Siverson M. 

GFF, 2010, 132(2): 123-128 

Although plesiosaurs and mosasaurs coexisted 

for about 35 million years at the end of 

the Cretaceous, the fossil record documenting 

interactions between these two groups of marine 

reptiles is meagre. The discovery of 

deeply incised scars on a limb bone of an immature 

polycotylid plesiosaur from the latest 

early Campanian (in the European two-fold 

division of the Campanian Stage) of the Kristianstad 

Basin, southern Sweden, is thus significant 

because it represents a rare example 

of predation or scavenging on an immature 

polycotylid plesiosaur by a large mosasaur. 

2010040385 

对 Ianthasaurus hardestiorum 新标本的描 

述和 edaphosaurid 系统演化的再评估 = 

Description of a new specimen of Ianthasaurus 

hardestiorum (Eupelycosauria: Edaphosauridae) 

and a re-evaluation of edaphosaurid 

phylogeny. ( 英文 ). Mazierski D M; 

Reisz R R. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 

2010, 47(6): 901-912 

Ianthasaurus hardestiorum, a basal edaphosaurid 

from the Upper Pennsylvanian of 

Garnett, Kansas, has been described on the 

basis of two incomplete, juvenile specimens 

and a series of disarticulated vertebral elements. 

New skeletal material of this poorly 

known species includes previously unknown 

cranial elements, increasing our knowledge of 

the anatomy and variation in this taxon. The 

complete ossification of the neural arches and 

the overall larger size of the vertebrae relative 

to those previously described indicate that 

they were part of an adult individual, and 

marginal tooth morphology resembles more 

closely that seen in the genus Edaphosaurus. 

Phylogenetic analysis of edaphosaurid synapsids 

confirms the hypothesis that Ianthasaurus 

is a sister-taxon of all other members of the 

clade. However, the incomplete fossil record 

of other putative edaphosaurids, such as Lupeosaurus 

and Glaucosaurus, makes full resolution 

of their phylogenetic interrelationships 

difficult to assess. 

2010040386 

加拿大艾伯塔清水组晚白垩世鱼龙一新属 

= A new Lower Cretaceous (lower Albian) 

ichthyosaur genus from the Clearwater Formation, 

Alberta, Canada. ( 英文 ). Druckenmiller 

P S; Maxwell E E. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2010, 47(8): 1037-1053 

A new, articulated skeleton of an ichthyosaur 

from the Lower Cretaceous (lower Albian) 

Wabiskaw Member of the Clearwater Formation 

near Fort McMurray, Alberta, is the most 

complete and stratigraphically oldest known 

ichthyosaur from the Cretaceous of North 

America and represents a new genus and species 

of ophthalmosaurian, Athabascasaurus 

bitumineus. The specimen consists of a nearly 

complete, dorsoventrally compressed skull, a 

complete and articulated presacral and partial 

caudal vertebral series, portions of the right 

pectoral girdle, and the right pelvic girdle and 

femur. The new taxon is characterized by the 

lack of a robust supranarial process of the 

premaxilla, an elongate maxilla that has its 

tallest point (in lateral view) posterior to the 

external naris, a wide postorbital region, the 

presence of a rectangular squamosal, an angular 

with greater lateral exposure on the posterior 

jaw ramus than the surangular, a dentition 

with extremely light enameled ridges, and a 

reduced presacral count of 42 vertebrae. The 

first species-level phylogenetic analysis of 

Ophthalmosauria reveals that Athabascasaurus 

is neither the sister taxon of, nor nests 

within Platypterygius, a geographically widespread, 

geologically long-lived, and taxonomically 

problematic genus. Athabascasaurus 

adds important new data on the morphology 

of Cretaceous ichthyosaurs and expands 

our knowledge of the palaeoecology and ma- 

111

ine tetrapod diversity of the early Albian Boreal 

Sea. 

2010040387 

澳大利亚维多利亚早白垩世晚期鸟脚类 

Leaellynasaura amicagraphica 的正型标本 

= The holotype individual of the ornithopod 

dinosaur Leaellynasaura amicagraphica Rich 

& Rich, 1989 (late Early Cretaceous, Victoria, 

Australia). ( 英文 ). Richab T H; Galtonc P M; 

Vickers-rich P. Alcheringa, 2010, 34(3): 385 - 

396 

Doubt has been cast upon the association of 

the skull roof and postcranial bones, originally 

regarded as part of the same individual as the 

holotype, the left side of the skull, of Leaellynasaura 

amicagraphica Rich & Rich 1989. 

The reasons given for these doubts, the form 

of the prefrontal and the proportions of the 

supratemporal region being inconsistent with 

the holotype, are imprecise. The association is 

supported both by the morphology of the parietal 

and jugal, which are similar to those of 

Dryosaurus, and the unique sedimentological 

setting. 

2010040388 

巴基斯坦西瓦里克上新世龟类一新种 : 

Pangshura tatrotia = Pangshura tatrotia, a 

new species of pond turtle (Testudinoidea) 

from the Pliocene Siwaliks of Pakistan. ( 英文 ). 

Joyce W G; Lyson T R. Journal of Systematic 

Palaeontology, 2010, 8(3): 449-458 

We describe a new species of fossil testudinoid 

from the Indian subcontinent, Pangshura 

tatrotia sp. nov., and suggest a new clade 

name, Palatochelydia, for the monophyletic 

assemblage of South Asian turtles to which it 

belongs. A combined analysis using recent 

molecular data and an updated morphological 

dataset confidently places P. tatrotia as sister 

to the extant turtle P. tecta. The holotype 

specimen is unique relative to most previously 

described palatochelydian material in that it is 

associated with good quality locality information. 

We therefore can conclude that this 

specimen comes from the Pliocene Tatrot 

Formation of north-eastern Pakistan, which 

corresponds to an interval of 2.59 to 3.59 Ma. 

This can now serve as a minimum divergence 

date for the P. tecta clade. However, given that 

no other palatochelydian fossils are associated 

with good quality locality information, this 

date must also serve as the minimum for all 

other, more inclusive palatochelydian clades. 

2010040389 

阿根廷晚三叠世一种新的早期恐龙 : 对恐 

龙起源和发展史的重新认识 = A new early 

dinosaur (Saurischia: Sauropodomorpha) from 

the Late Triassic of Argentina: a reassessment 

of dinosaur origin and phylogeny. ( 英文 ). Ezcurra 

M D. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 

2010, 8(3): 371-425 

It was traditionally thought that the oldest 

known dinosaur assemblages were not diverse, 

and that their early diversification and numerical 

dominance over other tetrapods occurred 

during the latest Triassic. However, 

new evidence gathered from the lower levels 

of the Ischigualasto Fm. of Argentina challenges 

this view. New dinosaur remains are 

described from this stratigraphical unit, including 

the new species Chromogisaurus novasi. 

This taxon is distinguished from other 

basal dinosauriforms by the presence of 

proximal caudals without median notch separating 

the postzygapophyses, femoral lateral 

surface with deep and large fossa immediately 

below the trochanteric shelf, and metatarsal II 

with strongly dorsoventrally asymmetric distal 

condyles. A phylogenetic analysis found 

Chromogisaurus to lie at the base of Sauropodomorpha, 

as a member of Guaibasauridae, an 

early branch of basal sauropodomorphs composed 

of Guaibasaurus, Agnosphitys, Panphagia, 

Saturnalia and Chromogisaurus. Such 

an affinity is for the first time suggested for 

Guaibasaurus, whereas Panphagia is not recovered 

as the most basal sauropodomorph. 

Furthermore, Chromogisaurus is consistently 

located as more closely related to Saturnalia 

than to any other dinosaur. Thus, the Saturnalia 

+ Chromogisaurus clade is named here as 

the new subfamily Saturnaliinae. In addition, 

Eoraptor is found to be the sister-taxon of 

Neotheropoda, and herrerasaurids to be noneusaurischian 

saurischians. The new evidence 

presented here demonstrates that dinosaurs 

first appeared in the fossil record as a diverse 

group, although they were a numerically minor 

component of faunas in which they occur. 

Accordingly, the early increase of dinosaur 

diversity and their numerical dominance over 

other terrestrial tetrapods were diachronous 

processes, with the latter preceded by a period 

of low abundance but high diversity. 

2010040390 

Wilczek 岛 ( 法兰士约瑟夫地群岛 , 北冰洋 

上的俄罗斯岛群 ) 晚三叠世地层中的典型 

侏罗纪蜥鳍类 = On a typical Jurassic sauropterygian 

from the Upper Triassic of Wilczek 

112

Land (Franz Josef Land, Arctic Russia). ( 英 

文 ). A G Sennikov; M S Arkhangelsky. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(5): 567-572 6 

图版 . 

A new elasmosaurid genus and species, 

Alexeyisaurus karnoushenkoi, from the 

Lower-Middle Norian (Wilczek Formation) of 

the Upper Triassic of the island of Wilczek 

Land (Franz Josef Land) is described based on 

an incomplete skeleton. The new form combines 

characters of typical late plesiosaurs and 

structural features unique to this form. It is 

probably the earliest representative of typical 

late sauropterygians (plesiosaurs). 

2010040391 

澳大利亚晚白垩世海龟鳖类的第一个证据 

= First evidence of a Late Cretaceous sea turtle 

from Australia. ( 英文 ). Keara B P; Siverson 

M. Alcheringa, 2010, 34(3): 265-272 

The isolated scapula of a chelonioid sea turtle 

is described from the Upper Cretaceous 

(upper Maastrichtian) Miria Formation of the 

Giralia Ranges in Western Australia. Character 

states including the wide angle of divergence 

between the scapular processes (possibly 

reaching 140°), projection of the glenoid 

on a constricted scapular neck, and highly 

vascular glenoid articular surfaces suggest 

affinity with dermochelyoids—the most diverse 

and geographically widespread clade of 

Mesozoic chelonioids. The Miria Formation 

chelonioid scapula constitutes the first definitive 

record of a Late Cretaceous sea turtle 

from Australia and is one of the few occurrences 

thus far documented from Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene 

deposits in the Southern 

Hemisphere. 

2010040392 

西澳大利亚 Molecap Greensand 地区晚白 

垩世翼手龙化石 = Remains of a Late Cretaceous 

pterosaur from the Molecap Greensand 

of Western Australia. ( 英文 ). Keara B P; Deaconb 

G L; Siverson M. Alcheringa, 2010, 

34(3): 273-279 

Pterosaur remains are very rare in Australasia 

and especially in Upper Cretaceous strata. 

Thus, the discovery of a jaw fragment from 

the Cenomanian-Coniacian Molecap Greensand 

near Gingin in Western Australia represents 

an important new stratigraphical occurrence 

for the region. Although the teeth are 

not preserved, the presence of labio-lingually 

compressed alveoli that are anterolaterally 

oriented, variable in shape/size (inferring heterodonty) 

and very widely spaced is reminiscent 

of ornithocheirids—a geographically 

cosmopolitan clade of predominantly Early 

Cretaceous pterodactyloids. If correct, this 

identification could extend the known range of 

Ornithocheiridae through to the Late Cretaceous 

in the Southern Hemisphere. 

2010040393 

澳大利亚鱼龙类的评述 = A review of Australasian 

ichthyosaurs. ( 英文 ). Zammit M. 

Alcheringa, 2010, 34(3): 281-292 

Ichthyosaur fossils have been recorded from 

four landmasses in the Australasian region— 

Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia and 

Timor—and occur in all three systems of the 

Mesozoic. Most of the remains are nondiagnostic, 

but at least three genera have been 

identified: Mixosaurus, from the Middle Triassic 

of Timor; Shonisaurus, from the Upper 

Triassic of New Caledonia; and Platypterygius, 

from the Lower Cretaceous of Australia and 

New Zealand. Of these, Platypterygius contains 

the only material that can be diagnosed 

to species level. However, current taxonomy 

of the specimens is controversial, with two 

synonyms, P. australis and P. longmani, persisting 

in the literature. An examination of 

cranial traits in the 'quasi-holotype' of P. australis 

vs P. longmani demonstrates that they 

represent the same taxon. Thus, P. longmani 

should be regarded as the junior synonym. A 

neotype is also here designated for P. australis 

to replace the original, which is presumed lost. 

2010040394 

南澳大利亚下白垩统阿普特阶 Bulldog 页 

岩硅化的初龙化石 = Opalized archosaur remains 

from the Bulldog Shale (Aptian: Lower 

Cretaceous) of South Australia. ( 英文 ). Barretta 

P M; Kearb B P; Benson R B J. Alcheringa, 

2010, 34(3): 293-301 

Terrestrial reptile remains are very rare in 

the Lower Cretaceous of South Australia, but 

include the holotype of the small theropod 

Kakuru. Here, we review this taxon and other 

archosaur specimens collected from the Bulldog 

Shale (Aptian) of Andamooka and Coober 

Pedy. Kakuru possesses no unique characters 

or character state combinations and is regarded 

as a nomen dubium, representing an 

indeterminate tetanuran theropod. Two other 

specimens (a left metatarsal and astragalus) 

can be referred to Dinosauria, but the identity 

of several other specimens (phalanges and a 

centrum) can only be resolved to the level of 

an indeterminate archosaur. 

113

2010040395 

新西兰晚白垩世蛇颈龙类骨骼的埋葬学意 

义 = The taphonomic attributes of a Late Cretaceous 

plesiosaur skeleton from New Zealand. 

( 英文 ). Barnesa K M; Hiller N. Alcheringa, 

2010, 34(3): 333-344 

The pre-burial history of a partial elasmosaurid 

plesiosaur skeleton is reconstructed 

from analysis of the distribution and modification 

of bones preserved in a calcareous concretionary 

mass. The specimen lacks the skull, 

cervical vertebrae, left limb bones and some 

girdle elements, but the remaining bones are 

interpreted to have been deposited on the sea 

floor from a semi-buoyant carcass and their 

relative positions modified by the action of 

scavengers. Bioerosive agents caused loss of 

bone, particularly on joint surfaces and vertebral 

centra, as the carcass lay exposed on the 

sea floor, perhaps for several years before burial. 

2010040396 

中国新疆晚侏罗世早期基干 

Alvarezsauroid 类恐龙 = A Basal Alvarezsauroid 

Theropod from the Early Late Jurassic 

of Xinjiang, China. ( 英文 ). Choiniere J 

N; Xu X; Clark J M; Forster C A; Guo Y; Han 

F L. Science, 2010, 327(5965): 571-574 

The fossil record of Jurassic theropod dinosaurs 

closely related to birds remains poor. A 

new theropod from the earliest Late Jurassic 

of western China represents the earliest diverging 

member of the enigmatic theropod 

group Alvarezsauroidea and confirms that this 

group is a basal member of Maniraptora, the 

clade containing birds and their closest theropod 

relatives. It extends the fossil record of 

Alvarezsauroidea by 63 million years and 

provides evidence for maniraptorans earlier in 

the fossil record than Archaeopteryx. The new 

taxon confirms extreme morphological convergence 

between birds and derived alvarezsauroids 

and illuminates incipient stages of 

the highly modified alvarezsaurid forelimb. 

2010040397 

晚三叠世蜥臀类一具完整骨骼及恐龙的早 

期演化 = A Complete Skeleton of a Late Triassic 

Saurischian and the Early Evolution of 

Dinosaurs. ( 英文 ). Nesbitt S J; Smith N D; 

Irmis R B; Turner A H; Downs A; Norell M A. 

Science, 2009, 326(5959): 1530-1533 

Characterizing the evolutionary history of 

early dinosaurs is central to understanding 

their rise and diversification in the Late Triassic. 

However, fossils from basal lineages are 

rare. A new theropod dinosaur from New 

Mexico is a representative of the early North 

American diversification. Known from several 

nearly complete skeletons, it reveals a mosaic 

of plesiomorphic and derived features that 

clarify early saurischian dinosaur evolution 

and provide evidence for the antiquity of 

novel avian character systems including skeletal 

pneumaticity. The taxon further reveals 

latitudinal differences among saurischian assemblages 

during the Late Triassic, demonstrates 

that the theropod fauna from the Late 

Triassic of North America was not endemic, 

and suggests that intercontinental dispersal 

was prevalent during this time. 

2010040398 

澳大利亚新南威尔士 Lightning 岭早白垩世 

龟鳖类 = Early Cretaceous chelids from 

Lightning Ridge, New South Wales. ( 英文 ). 

Smith E T. Alcheringa, 2010, 34(3): 375 - 384 

Fragments of plastron and vertebrae from 

the Griman Creek Formation (middle Albian) 

at Lightning Ridge, New South Wales, extend 

the Australian record for chelid pleurodires 

back in time by over 50 my. Contemporaneous 

with the oldest known occurrences of 

chelids in Patagonia, this record indicates that 

during globally warm intervals, pleurodire 

distribution included high palaeolatitude locations. 

Although referred to Chelidae, the material 

shows no characters to enable more detailed 

taxonomic assessment and it is unclear 

whether known genera are represented. The 

diverse and prolonged history of chelids in 

South America and Australia indicates that the 

basal eupleurodiran divergence occurred deep 

in the Jurassic. 

2010040399 

澳大利亚东部白垩纪蜥脚类动物的埋葬学 

观察 = Taphonomic observations on eastern 

Australian Cretaceous sauropods. ( 英文 ). 

Molnar R E. Alcheringa, 2010, 34(3): 421 - 

429 

Cretaceous (Albian-Cenomanian) sauropod 

body fossils are known from the Eromanga 

Basin of central Queensland and Surat Basin 

of northern New South Wales/southeastern 

Queensland. Most bones are uncrushed and 

undistorted. Associated components of the 

caudal and forelimb skeleton are dominant in 

current collections and probably derived from 

more complete skeletons now lost to erosion, 

or yet to be exposed. Dorsal and cervical ver- 

114

tebrae have rarely been reported and no cranial 

material has yet been found. None of the 

Australian sauropod remains shows evidence 

of predation or scavenging, but at least two 

specimens of Wintonotitan wattsi were intimately 

associated with plant macrofossils allowing 

limited inference of their postmortem 

environments. 

2010040400 

西班牙南比利牛斯上白垩统 Pinyes 产地恐 

龙蛋和一窝蛋的首次记录 = First data on 

dinosaur eggs and clutches from Pinyes locality 

(Upper Cretaceous, Southern Pyrenees). 

( 英文 ). Vila B; Jackson F; Galobart A. 


Argentina, 2010, 47(1): 79-87 

We describe a new megaloolithid locality 

discovered near Coll de Nargo (Catalonia, 

northeastern Iberian Peninsula). Eggs at the 

Pinyes site occur within extensively developed, 

vertically-stacked paleosols of an alluvial system. 

Eight clutches were excavated and 

mapped and biological and taphonomic aspects 

recorded. Three-dimensional maps were 

constructed using a Trimble total station, supplementing 

traditional plan-view mapping to 

allow more accurate interpretation of egg and 

clutch distribution. The Megaloolithus siruguei 

eggs are compressed, presenting an ellipsoidal 

shape. The three-dimensional geometry 

of two large clutches suggests that the eggs 

were laid in shallow, bowl-shaped depressions. 

Tangential thin sections of eggshells also reveal 

abundant pores, consistent with incubation 

in a high humidity/ low oxygen environment. 

These data support previous inferences 

that M. siruguei eggs were buried in shallow 

pits. 

2010040401 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚上白垩统栖息地发现多 

种恐龙蛋壳 = Multiple dinosaur egg-shell 

occurrence in an Upper Cretaceous nesting 

site from Patagonia. ( 英文 ). Coria R A; 

Salgado L; Chiappe L M. Ameghiniana: Revista 


2010, 47(1): 107-110 

2010040402 

加拿大艾伯塔 Albertosaurus 属发现的历史 

= A history of Albertosaurus discoveries in 

Alberta, Canada. ( 英文 ). Tanke D H; Currie P 

J. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2010, 

47(9): 1197–1211 

After many years of taxonomic uncertainty, 

Albertosaurus was established as a new genus 

in 1905, the year Alberta became a province 

of Canada. Gorgosaurus is a closely related 

tyrannosaurid from the Judithian beds of 

southern Alberta that was subsequently synonymized 

with Albertosaurus. Although most 

researchers consider the genera as distinct, 

there has been considerable confusion over the 

temporal and geographic range of Albertosaurus. 

Albertosaurus sarcophagus is only known 

from 13 skulls and (or) skeletons of varying 

completeness, and one (possibly two) bonebeds, 

all from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation 

(Campanian–Maastrichtian) of Alberta. 

Many of the major Albertosaurus specimens 

are scientifically compromised due to poor 

collection techniques, incomplete locality and 

stratigraphic information, politics, vandalism, 

accidents, gunplay, and landowner issues. The 

background of each specimen is discussed to 

eliminate some of the sources of confusion 

and to document how much of each specimen 

is preserved. 

2010040403 

加拿大艾伯塔上白垩统 Horseshoe Canyon 

组 Albertosaurus sarcophagus 种群的古病 

理变化 = Palaeopathological changes in a 

population of Albertosaurus sarcophagus from 

the Upper Cretaceous Horseshoe Canyon 

Formation of Alberta, Canada. ( 英文 ). Bell P 

R. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 2010, 

47(9): 1263–1268 

Over the past decade, excavations of a 

monodominant theropod bonebed from the 

lower Maastrichtian beds of the Horseshoe 

Canyon Formation have recovered a minimum 

number of 26 individuals of the tyrannosaur, 

Albertosaurus sarcophagus. Examination of 

skeletal elements from the bonebed revealed a 

small number of abnormalities from at least 

two individuals. These include bony spurs (enthesophytes) 

of unknown origin on three pedal 

phalanges. Well-healed fracture calluses are 

present on two rib shafts and a gastralia element. 

The left dentary of one adult preserves 

both healed and unhealed parallel bite marks 

and a perforative lesion attributable to a partially 

healed, mechanically induced puncture 

wound. Unfortunately, the limited range in the 

types and frequencies of pathological changes 

provides only little information on the distribution 

of such phenomena but may be suggestive 

of the overall “health” of the population. 

2010040404 

115

关于艾伯塔 Albertosaurus 属的聚生习态 = 

On gregarious behavior in Albertosaurus. ( 英 

文 ). Currie P J; Eberth D A. Canadian Journal 

of Earth Sciences, 2010, 47(9): 1277–1289 

One century ago, a field party from the 

American Museum of Natural History discovered 

a bonebed in the Upper Cretaceous 

Horseshoe Canyon Formation of Alberta, 

Canada. Excavations by that museum, the 

Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology, and 

the University of Alberta have revealed the 

presence of at least a dozen individuals — 

represented by articulated partial skeletons, 

associated skeletons, and disarticulated isolated 

elements — of Albertosaurus sarcophagus. 

Tyrannosaurids dominate the bonebed 

assemblage, which also includes an adult Hypacrosaurus 

altispinus, two individuals of 

Albertonykus borealis, and numerous other, 

predominantly terrestrial, vertebrates. Skeletal 

morphology, phylogenetic inference, 

monodominant bonebeds, trackway sites, and 

ecological inferences support the notion that 

some non-avian theropods were gregarious 

animals. And specifically in the Albertosaurus 

bonebed, associated geologic and taphonomic 

evidence do not rule out a behavioural component 

in this catastrophic, mass-death assemblage. 

2010040405 

艾伯塔恐龙特刊介绍 = Introduction to Albertosaurus 

Special Issue. ( 英文 ). Currie P J; 

Koppelhus E B. Canadian Journal of Earth 

Sciences, 2010, 47(9): 1111–1114 

2010040406 

美国加利福尼亚鸭嘴龙科 Saurolophus 属 

分类位置的修订 = Revision of the status of 

Saurolophus (Hadrosauridae) from California, 

USA. ( 英文 ). Bell P R; Evans D C. Canadian 


1417–1426 

The occurrence of Saurolophus from the 

Moreno Formation (late Maastrichtian) of 

California is investigated and an incomplete, 

poorly preserved, skull (LACM/CIT 2852) is 

described. The skull lacks the braincase (including 

the frontals) and much of the nasals, 

and the preserved portions are crushed or plastically 

deformed, which makes anatomical 

interpretations difficult. A preserved midline 

fragment of the conjoined nasals suggests that 

it lacked a gryposaur-like “Roman nose”, but 

the nature of the crest, if present, is impossible 

to determine with certainty. A phylogenetic 

analysis places this specimen as either the sister 

taxon of Saurolophus or as the sister taxon 

to a clade comprising Edmontosaurus and 

Anatotitan. There is no compelling morphological 

evidence to support the previous assignment 

of LACM/CIT 2852 to Saurolophus 

rather than to Edmontosaurus, and its poor 

preservation prevents positive assignment to 

any taxon below Hadrosaurinae indet. Given 

its geographic setting and morphological uncertainties, 

it is also possible that this specimen 

represents a separate taxon, but more material 

is needed to clarify the identity of the 

Moreno hadrosaurine. LACM/CIT 2852 does, 

however, provide evidence that Maastrichtian 

hadrosaurines ranged west of the Sierra Nevada 

magmatic arc, in an area where dinosaur 

diversity is poorly known. 

2010040407 

中国首个角龙恐龙及其生物地理意义 = 

First ceratopsid dinosaur from China and its 

biogeographical implications. ( 英文 ). XU 

Xing; WANG KeBai; ZHAO XiJin;LI Dun- 

Jing. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2010, 55(16): 

1631-1635 

Ceratopsid dinosaurs represent one of the 

best known dinosaur groups in the Late Cretaceous, 

and their unquestionable fossil rec-ords 

are exclusively restricted to western North 

America. Here we report a new ceratopsid 

dinosaur, Sinoceratops zhuchengensis gen. et 

sp. nov., from the Upper Cretaceous Wangshi 

Group of Zhucheng, Shandong Province, 

China. Cladistic analysis places this new taxon 

as the only known ceratopsid from outside 

North America, in a basal position within the 

Centrosaurinae. It is con-siderably larger than 

most other centrosaurines but similar in size to 

basal chasmosaurines. Furthermore, it is more 

similar to chasmosaurines than to other centrosaurines 

in several features, thus blurring 

the distinction of the two ceratopsid subgroups. 

This new find not only provides significant 

information on the morphological transition 

from non-ceratopsid to ceratopsid dinosaurs, 

but also complicates the biogeography of the 

Ceratopsidae, and further demonstrates that 

fossil sampling has profound effects on reconstructing 

dinosaurian biogeography. 

2010040408 

Noasauridae 科的脚爪位置及其对 abelisauroid 

前爪演化的意义 = The position of 

the claws in Noasauridae ( Dinosauria: Abelisauroidea) 

and its implications for abelisauroid 

manus evolution. ( 英文 ). AgnolinAgnolin 

116

F L; Ciarelli P. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(2): 293-300 

In this note we reassess the position of putative 

pedal phalanges of some South American 

noasaurid theropods. Noasaurids were considered 

as tobe distinctive abelisauroids with a 

peculiar "sickle claw" on second toe of the 

foot, convergently developed with that of deinonychosaurians. 

Ammong noasaurids, the 

Argentinean species Noasurus leali and Ligabueino 

andesi are known from incomplete 

specimens, including dissarticulated nonungueal 

phalanges, and, in N. leali, a claw. A 

detailed overview of theseelements indicates 

that the supposed raptorial claw of the second 

pedal digit of N. leali actually belongs to the 

first orsecond finger of the manus, and the 

putative pedal non-ungual phlanges of both 

genera also pertain to the manus. Thus, the 

new interpretations of noasurid pedal morphology 

blur the distinctions between Noasuridae 

and Velocisauridae proposed by previous 

author. 

2010040409 

印度上白垩统一 abelisaurid 的肱骨 = An 

abelisaurid humerus from the Upper Cretaceous 

of India. ( 英文 ). Mendez A H; Novas F 

E; Chatterjee S. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(3): 421-425 

The Lameta Formation of India has yielded 

abundant fossils of abelisaurid theropods, including 

bones from the cranium, vertebral 

column, pectoral and pelvic girdles, and 

hindlimb. However, the forelimbs of Indian 

abelisaurids remain unknown. Here we describe 

an aabelisaurid humerus from exposure 

of the Lameta Formation near the village of 

Rahioli in northwestern India. This new material 

exhibits derived traits that are distinctive 

of Abelisauridae, for example an articular 

head that is hemispherical in proximal view, 

thus establishing the specimen as the first abelisaurid 

hunerus from India. 

2010040410 

西班牙伊比利亚半岛侏罗 - 白垩纪过渡区蜥 

脚类的新记录 = New record of a sauropod in 

the Jurassic-Cretaceous transition of the Iberian 

Peninsular (Spain): palaeobiogeographical 

implications. ( 英文 ). Canudo J I; Barco J 

L; Castanera D; Fernandez-Baldor F T. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(3): 427- 

435 

In recent decades a unique association of 

basal neosauropod and turiasaur sauropods has 

been described from the Jurassic-Cretaceous 

transition of Spain. In this contest, a sauropod 

femur from the Tithonian-Berriasian is studied 

for the first time. The femur in question is an 

isolated specimen, recovered from the Tera 

Group in Tera (Soria). It displays a unique 

mosaic of derived characters as yet undescribed 

in femora of the Upper Jurassic and 

Lower Cretaceous of Spain. A prominent lateral 

bulge, lhigh eccentricity, and a lateromedially 

flattened proximal end link the femur 

from Tera with Titanosauriformes. Moreover, 

it presents a significant distal projection of the 

tibial condyle, a character observed in Asiatic 

Titanosauriformes of the Lower Cretaceous. 

The femur from Tera adds a fifth sauropod 

taxon to the Tithonian-Berriasian of Spain, 

and, for the first time, a representative of Titanosauriformes. 

2010040411 

卡尼前阿尔卑斯诺利期 Austriadactylus 

cristatus 的首例意大利标本 = The first Italian 

specimen of Austriadactylus cristatus 

(Diapsida, Pterosauria) from the Norian (Upper 

Triassic) of the Carnic Prealps. ( 英文 ). 

Vecchia F M D. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia 


The Triassic pterosaur Austriadactylus 

cristatus is reported for the first time from the 

Norian of northeastern Italy. It is only the second 

specimen of this taxon and provides new 

information on the mandeibular dentition, 

crainium and postcranium (cervical vertebrae 

and the forelimb), not available in the holotype. 

A cladistic analysis shows that Austriadactylus 

is phylogenetically closer to 

Preondactylus than to Eudimorphodon. 

2010040412 

地中海群岛西部早上新世爬行类蝰蛇科 

Vipera 属的第一个化石记录 = First fossil 

record of Vipera Laurenti 1768 “Oriental vipers 

complex” (Serpentes: Viperidae) from the 

Early Pliocene of the western Mediterranean 

islands. ( 英文 ). Bailon S; Bover P; Quintanac 

J; Alcover J A. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2010, 

9(4): 147-154 

The first fossil record of Vipera “Oriental 

vipers complex” (Serpentes: Viperidae) in the 

western Mediterranean islands is presented. 

Two large-sized vertebrae were found in an 

Early Pliocene karstic deposit located on the 

eastern coast of Mallorca, close to Caló den 

Rafelino (Manacor). The centrum length of 

the trunk vertebra (12.7 mm) represents the 

largest-sized known specimen of the European 

vipers belonging to the “Oriental vipers com- 

117

plex” and it suggests a body length close or 

greater than 200 cm. The arrival of this snake 

to Mallorca probably took place during the 

Messinian Salinity Crisis of the Mediterranean 

Sea (Late Miocene, 5.6-5.32 My ago) and it 

should be considered as one of the largest 

predators in Mallorca during the Early Pliocene. 

Although patterns of body size change 

in island snakes are unclear, some considerations 

about the large size of the Caló den 

Rafelino viper and co-evolution with endothermic 

preys are proposed. 

2010040413 

保加利亚白垩纪最晚期鸭嘴龙化石 = Latest 

Cretaceous hadrosauroid (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) 

remains from Bulgaria. ( 英文 ). 

Godefroita P; Motchurova-Dekova N. 

Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2010, 9(4): 163-169 

Disarticulated dinosaur bones have been 

discovered in a fossiliferous lens in the Labirinta 

Cave, southwest of the town of Cherven 

Bryag, in NW Bulgaria. This cave is formed 

within marine limestones belonging to the Kajlâka 

Formation of Latest Cretaceous age. Associated 

fossils and Sr isotopy suggest that the 

fossiliferous sediments belong to the uppermost 

part of the Upper Maastrichtian. The dinosaur 

bones discovered in this lens include 

the distal portion of a left femur, a right tibia, 

the proximal part of a right fibula, a left metatarsal 

II, the second or third phalanx of a left 

pedal digit IV, the proximal end of a second 

metacarpal, and a caudal centrum. All the 

bones undoubtedly belong to ornithopod dinosaurs 

and more accurately to representatives 

of the hadrosauroid clade. All belong to smallsized 

individuals, although it cannot be assessed 

whether they belong to juveniles or 

small-sized adults, pending histological analyses. 

Hadrosauroid remains have already been 

discovered in Late Maastrichtian marine 

sediments from western, central and eastern 

Europe, reflecting the abundance of these dinosaurs 

in correlative continental deposits. 

Indeed, hadrosauroids were apparently the 

dominating herbivorous dinosaurs in Eurasia 

by Late Maastrichtian time. 

2010040414 

意大利安尼最晚期 Besano 组 Nothosaurus 

一新标本 = A new specimen of Nothosaurus 

from the Latest Anisian (Middle Triassic) Besano 

Formation (Grenzbitumenzone) of Italy. 

( 英文 ). Renesto S. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia 


A nearly complete but disarticulated skeleton 

of a small sized Northosaur is described. 

The osteology of the posteranial skeleton supports 

the assignment to the genus Nothosaurus, 

and also excludes its belonging to Nothosaurus 

giganteus/Paranothosaurus amsleri already 

known from coeval localities of the Besano 

Formation in the Swiss part of the Monte San 

Giorgio area. This specimen is particularly 

significant because it improves the knowledge 

of the osterology of N. juvenilis and because 

the second Nothosaurus species, smaller than 

N. giganteus/P. amsleri, suggests coexistence 

of sympatric species characterized by size and, 

probably, trophic differentiation within the 

genus Nothosaurus in the Monte San giorgio 

area as occurred in the coeval germanic Basin. 

2010040415 

韩国白垩纪咸安组恐龙皮肤的印痕化石 = 

Impressions of dinosaur skin from the Cretaceous 

Haman Formation in Korea. ( 英文 ). In 

Sung Paik; Hyun Joo Kim; Min Huh. Journal 

of Asian Earth Sciences, 2010, 39(4): 270-274 

The occurrences and features of two specimens 

of fossil dinosaur skin from Cretaceous 

Haman Formation in South Korea, including a 

new type of skin texture (development of micropolygons 

within scales) are described here 

for the first time, and several types of sedimentological 

aberrations of inorganic origin 

that are similar in appearance to fossil skin 

and therefore have the potential to be misidentified 

as fossil skin. The features and origins 

of fossil dinosaur skin found in South Korea 

with those of a diverse range of geological 

aberration structures resembling fossil skin are 

also compared. 

It is interpreted that dry climate, the presence 

of torn skin, and episodic sheetflood on 

an alluvial plain were related with the preservation 

of the Haman skin fossils. The preservation 

condition of the Haman skin fossils 

suggests that sheetflood deposits on a floodplain 

to mudflat environment under dry climatic 

condition are potential candidates for 

dinosaur skins to be found. The results of this 

study not only provide additional information 

that is helpful in understanding dinosaur skin, 

but also are useful in discriminating between 

true fossil skin and enigmatic sedimentological 

aberration structures resembling skin. 

2010040416 

中国东北下白垩统沙海组和阜新组单独保 

存的恐龙牙齿 = Isolated dinosaur teeth from 

the Lower Cretaceous Shahai and Fuxin for- 

118

mations of northeastern China. ( 英文 ). Amiot 

R; Kusuhashi N; Xu Xing; Wang Yuanqing. 

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2010, 39(5): 

347-358 

Isolated dinosaur teeth recovered from 

seven localities near Fuxin (western Liaoning 

Province, northeastern China) are described. 

They come from sediments belonging to the 

Shahai and Fuxin formations, considered to be 

Aptian to Albian in age. Seven taxa have been 

recognized. They include the oviraptorosaur 

Incisivosaurus, dromaeosaurid theropods, Euhelopus-like 

sauropods, as well as indeterminate 

nodosaurid, ankylosaurid, iguanodontoid 

and basal neoceratopsian ornithischians. The 

Shahai and Fuxin dinosaur faunas show the 

persistence of some Jehol biota taxa such as 

the highly specialised Incisivosaurus, basal 

titanosauriform sauropods, basal neoceratopsians 

and some dromaeosaurids, and the addition 

of more derived iguanodontoids and ankylosaurians. 

The persistence of some dinosaurs 

of the Jehol Biota into the Shahai and 

Fuxin formations suggests a long term stability 

of Liaoning terrestrial environments during 

the Early Cretaceous. Despite sampling bias 

and the rather small sample that must be taken 

into account, teeth abundances show a significant 

compositional difference between the 

localities of the Shahai and Fuxin formations, 

neoceratopsian teeth representing one third of 

dinosaur tooth remains in the Shahai Formation 

whereas they are totally absent in the 

Fuxin Formation. Ankylosaur teeth, in contrast, 

represent 3% of total remains in the Shahai 

Formation, whereas they seem to be the 

only herbivorous dinosaurs in the Fuxin Formation 

with 40% of the total number of teeth 

(the rest being theropod dinosaur teeth). Although 

a difference in micro-environmental 

conditions between Shahai and Fuxin localities 

may at least partly explain such pattern, 

the unusual and unbalanced faunal composition 

of Fuxin localities remains enigmatic and 

will need further field collecting in order to be 

clarified. 

2010040417 

生物地理 : 敢于到处冒险的有角恐龙 = 

Biogeography: Horned dinosaurs venture 

abroad. ( 英文 ). Xu Xing. Nature, 2010, 

465(7297): 431–432 

The discovery in Europe of fossils of a 

small horned dinosaur, a member of a group 

previously known only from Asia and North 

America, will prompt a rethink of biogeography 

at that time in the past. 

2010040418 

具有亚洲亲缘关系的一个晚白垩世角龙型 

恐龙 = A Late Cretaceous ceratopsian dinosaur 

from Europe with Asian affinities. ( 英文 ). 

Ősi A; Butler R J; Weishampel D B. Nature, 

2010, 465(7297): 466–468 

Ceratopsians (horned dinosaurs) represent a 

highly diverse and abundant radiation of nonavian 

dinosaurs known primarily from the 

Cretaceous period (65–145 million years ago). 

This radiation has been considered to be geographically 

limited to Asia and western North 

America, with only controversial remains reported 

from other continents. Here we describe 

new ceratopsian cranial material from 

the Late Cretaceous of Iharkút, Hungary, from 

a coronosaurian ceratopsian, Ajkaceratops 

kozmai. Ajkaceratops is most similar to ‘bagaceratopsids’ 

such as Bagaceratops and 

Magnirostris, previously known only from 

Late Cretaceous east Asia. The new material 

unambiguously demonstrates that ceratopsians 

occupied Late Cretaceous Europe and, when 

considered with the recent discovery of possible 

leptoceratopsid teeth from Sweden, indicates 

that the clade may have reached Europe 

on at least two independent occasions. European 

Late Cretaceous dinosaur faunas have 

been characterized as consisting of a mix of 

endemic ‘relictual’ taxa and ‘Gondwanan’ 

taxa, with typical Asian and North American 

groups largely absent. Ajkaceratops demonstrates 

that this prevailing biogeographical 

hypothesis is overly simplified and requires 

reassessment. Iharkút was part of the western 

Tethyan archipelago, a tectonically complex 

series of island chains between Africa and 

Europe, and the occurrence of a coronosaurian 

ceratopsian in this locality may represent an 

early Late Cretaceous ‘island-hopping’ dispersal 

across the Tethys Ocean. 

2010040419 

西班牙下白垩统一 Carcharodontosauria 类 

恐龙 = A bizarre, humped Carcharodontosauria 

(Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous 

of Spain. ( 英文 ). Ortega F; Escaso F; 

Sanz J L. Nature, 2010, 467(7312): 203–206 

Carcharodontosaurs were the largest predatory 

dinosaurs, and their early evolutionary 

history seems to be more intricate than was 

previously thought. Until recently, carcharodontosaurs 

were restricted to a group of large 

theropods inhabiting the Late Cretaceous 

Gondwanan land masses 1, 2 , but in the last few 

years Laurasian evidence has been causing a 

119

eevaluation of their initial diversification. 

Here we describe an almost complete and exquisitely 

preserved skeleton of a mediumsized 

(roughly six metres long) theropod from 

the Lower Cretaceous series (Barremian stage) 

Konservat-Lagerstätte of Las Hoyas in Cuenca, 

Spain. Cladistic analysis supports the idea that 

the new taxon Concavenator corcovatus is a 

primitive member of Carcharodontosauria exhibiting 

two unusual features: elongation of 

the neurapophyses of two presacral vertebrae 

forming a pointed, hump-like structure and a 

series of small bumps on the ulna. We think 

that these bumps are homologous to quill 

knobs present on some modern birds; the 

knobs are related to the insertion area of follicular 

ligaments that anchor the roots of the 

flight feathers (remiges) to the arm. We propose 

that Concavenator has integumentary 

follicular structures inserted on the ulna, as in 

modern birds. Because scales do not have follicles, 

we consider the structures anchored to 

the Concavenator arms to be non-scale skin 

appendages homologous to the feathers of 

modern birds. If this is true, then the phylogenetic 

bracket for the presence of non-scale 

skin structures homologous to feathers in 

theropod dinosaurs would be extended to the 

Neotetanurae, enlarging the scope for explaining 

the origin of feathers in theropods. 

2010040420 

中国三叠纪纯龙类 Yunguisaurus 属的骨骼 

学 = Osteology of Yunguisaurus Cheng et al., 

2006 (Reptilia; Sauropterygia), a Triassic Pistosauroid 

from China. ( 英文 ). Sato T; Cheng 

Yen-Nien; Wu Xiao-Chun; Li Chun. Paleontological 

Research, 2010, 14(3): 179-195 

Triassic pistosauroids are closely related to 

the Plesiosauria which flourished later in the 

Mesozoic, but their fossil record has been 

poor due to the fragmentary nature of the 

known specimens. Yunguisaurus liae Cheng et 

al. (2006) (Reptilia, Sauropterygia) from 

China was the first Triassic pistosauroid represented 

by an almost complete skeleton, and 

we provide a full description of the holotype 

specimen based on the result of complete 

preparation of the skull and postcranium. A 

revised diagnosis characterizes Y. liae by a 

mixture of primitive and derived features for 

sauropterygians, such as the high number of 

cervical vertebrae (similar to the Plesiosauria) 

with large zygapophyses (shared with basal 

sauropterygians). The holotype skeleton likely 

represents a juvenile individual. In a revised 

phylogeny, relationships among the Triassic 

pistosauroids are fully resolved but weakly 

supported; the revised phylogeny differs from 

the existing hypothesis on a sauropterygian 

relationship, likely due to the previous reliance 

on fragmentary taxa. The long neck and 

hyperphalangy give an impression that Yunguisaurus 

is very “plesiosaurian,” but detailed 

comparison revealed morphological differences 

in various parts of the postcranial. These 

differences, in combination with the revised 

phylogenetic hypothesis, suggest that Yunguisaurus 

was not necessarily comparable to 

the Plesiosauria in terms of body plan and 

mode of swimming. 

2010040421 

恐龙纲兽足亚纲种群中的变异 : 产自美国 

犹他州上侏罗统 Cleveland-Lloyd 采石场 

Allosaurus = Variation in a Population of 

Theropoda (Dinosauria): Allosaurus from the 

Cleveland-Lloyd Quarry (Upper Jurassic), 

Utah, USA. ( 英文 ). Carpenter K. Paleontological 

Research, 2010, 14(4): 250-259 

Ontogenetic and individual variation in a 

population of the large theropod Allosaurus cf. 

A. fragilis was examined using the Björk superimposition 

method on the premaxillae, 

maxillae, lachrymal, postorbital, and jugal. 

This method allows utilization of incomplete 

specimens without having to estimate (fabricate) 

missing data. In addition, it visually 

shows regions of ontogenetic change and 

variation. Comparison of these results with 

other morphometric studies of the same 

specimens show that most allometric trends 

are not supported. Instead, ontogenetic change 

is mostly isometric. In addition, the wide 

range of individual variation in all the skull 

elements analyzed makes some autapomorphic 

characters used to define other theropod 

taxa suspect. 

2010040422 

中国辽宁省西部早白垩世义县组 Elanodactylus 

prolatus 的新材料 = New material of 

Elanodactylus prolatus Andres & J1, 2008 

(Pterosauria: Pterodactylidea) from the Early 

Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western 

Liaoning, China. ( 英文 ). Zhou Chang-Fu. 

Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie 

/ Abhandlungen, 2010, 255(3): 277-286 

The new specimen confirms the validity of 

E. prolatus and its unexpected feature, unique 

among pterodactyloids, the first wing phalanx 

of E. prolatus being shorter than the second 

and third wing phalanges. Additionally, the 

specimen provides new information about the 

120

pelvic girdle and hind limb: puboischiadic 

plate with a prominent, tongue-like ventral 

process; a semicircular prepubis; long and 

slender metatarsal III; and strongly reduced 

pedal digit V. Moreover, the elongate second 

and third wing phalanges possibly represent 

an independently evolved feature, which convergent6 

on that seen in primitive members of 

the rhamphorhynchoids. Especially, when 

combined with recent discoveries of the 

Anurognathidae, this feature of Elanodactylus 

further increases the complexity of the 

0pattern of wing phalanx proportions among 

Pterosauria. 

2010040423 

新墨西哥中三叠世 Moenkopi 组爬行类化 

石 = The reptile assemblage from the 

Moenkopi Formation (Middle Triassic) of 

New Mexico. ( 英文 ). Schoch R R; Nesbitt S; 

Muller J; Lucas S G; Boy J A. Neues Jahrbuch 


2010, 255(3): 345-369 

Most of the finds were collected from intraformational 

conglomerates, and consist of isolated 

bones or bone fragments. The most 

abundant large members of the assemblage, 

the archosaurs, include at least three taxa: (1) 

a primitive suchian or archosauriform, (2) a 

primitve poposauroid (Arizonasaurus bobbitti), 

and (3) a taxon similar to shuvosaurids. Less 

abundant remains are tentatively referred to 

archosauromorphs with rhynchosaur affinities. 

鸟类 

2010040424 

南极洲南 Shetland 群岛新的全新世企鹅群 

落 = New Holocene penguin assemblages at 

South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. ( 英文 ). 

Montalti D; Hospitaleche C A. Neues Jahrbuch 


2009, 254(3): 349-357 

Early Holocene penguin assemblages were 

exhumed at three localities (Pingfo I, Pingfo 

IIand Pingui) on the coast of Potter Peninsula, 

King george Island, South Shetland Islands, 

Antarctica. The 606 collected bones were analyzed 

and assigned mostly to Pygoscelis (Adelie 

Penguin P. adeliae and Gentoo Penguin P. 

papua). The high percentage of chick remains 

at Pingfo I and Pingui suggests the presence of 

nearby breeding colonies, whereas Pingfo II 

represents an assemblage not so close to a 

breeding area, based on its preservation style. 

2010040425 

南极洲南 Shetland 群岛新的全新世企鹅群 

落 = New Holocene penguin assemblages at 

South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. ( 英文 ). 

Montalti D; Hospitaleche C A. Neues Jahrbuch 


2009, 254(3): 349-357 

Early Holocene penguin assemblages were 

exhumed at three localities (Pingfo I, Pingfo 

IIand Pingui) on the coast of Potter Peninsula, 

King george Island, South Shetland Islands, 

Antarctica. The 606 collected bones were analyzed 

and assigned mostly to Pygoscelis (Adelie 

Penguin P. adeliae and Gentoo Penguin P. 

papua). The high percentage of chick remains 

at Pingfo I and Pingui suggests the presence of 

nearby breeding colonies, whereas Pingfo II 

represents an assemblage not so close to a 

breeding area, based on its preservation style. 

2010040426 

玻利维亚早全新始 Nuapua 组鸟化石 = The 

birds from the Nuapua Formation (Early 

Holocene) of Bolivia. ( 其他 ). Vezzosi R I; 

Brunetto E; Noriega J I. Ameghiniana: Revista 


2010, 47(1): 123-128 

2010040427 

德国早渐新世 Eurotrochilus 和 Palaeotodus 

的新标本 = New specimens of the avian 

taxa Eurotrochilus (Trochilidae) and Palaeotodus 

(Todidae) from the early Oligocene 

of Germany. ( 英文 ). Mayr G; Micklich N. 

Palaeontologische Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(3): 

387-395 

We describe new specimens of stem group 

representatives of Trochilidae (hummingbirds) 

and Todidae (todies) from Rupelian of 

Frauenveiler in southern Germany. The hummingbird 

fossil constitutes the fourth record of 

Eurotrochilus inexpectatus. It consists only of 

wing and pectoral girdle elements, but shows 

the previously unknown crista deltopectoralis 

of the humerus, whose shape differs from 

modern hummingbirds. The carpometacarpus 

bears a well-developed processus intermetacarpalis, 

which is a further synapomorphy of 

Eurotrachilus and crown group Tochilidae. 

The disarticulated partial skeleton of the tody 

allows a definitive taxonomic assignment of 

the Frauenweiler species to Palaeotodus itardiensis, 

and lekewise exhibits so far unknown 

osteological datails, including the morphologies 

of the quadrate and scapula. 

2010040428 

121

南极洲始新世企鹅功能和形态研究中的鸟 

喙骨 = The coracoids in functional and morphological 

studies of penguins (aves, Spheniscidae) 

of the Eocene of Antarctica. ( 英文 ). 

Hospitaleche C A; Di Carlo U. Rivista Italiana 


116(1): 23-34 

The partial articulated skeleton MLP 77-V- 

10-1 comes from the upper levels of La Meseta 

Formation at the southwestern slope of 

the plateau. These remains were found in the 

Submeseta Allomember, within the Anthropornis 

nordenskjoeldi Biozone, dated at 34.2 

Ma using strontium isotope ratios from shells. 

MLP 77-V-10-1 is a giant penguin, probably 

the largest ever described, whose coracoids 

are strikingly wide at the distal surface. The 

present contribution is a study of this new fossil 

genguin, with particular emphasis on the 

coracoids. The osteography and associated 

muscles are described. Functional connotations 

of coracoid morphology are thoroughly 

discussed and its implications on the mechanics 

of diving are explored. We concluded that 

the coracoid morphology suggests a change in 

diving strategy from the earliest penguins until 

the living representatives. 

2010040429 

记蒙古晚古新世和早始新世大量 

Presbyornis 类标本 = A large collection of 

Presbyornis (Aves, Anseriformes, Presbyornithidae) 

from the late Paleocene and early 

Eocene of Mongolia. ( 英文 ). Kurochkin E N; 

Dyke G J. Geological Journal, 2010, 45(4): 

375–387 

We describe a large collection of fossil ‘waterfowl’ 

bones that are referable to the extinct 

clade Presbyornithidae (Anseriformes). All of 

these fossils were collected between 1971 and 

1994 from Upper Paleocene and Lower Eocene 

sediments at the Tsagaan Khushuu site in 

the Gobi Desert of southern Mongolia. The 

collection includes specimens referred to a 

new small species within the genus Presbyornis 

Wetmore, 1926 as well as large numbers 

of bones that we place in the genus Presbyornis. 

On this basis of the Tsagaan Khushuu collection 

we suggest that several species of 

Presbyornis likely coexisted in this region; 

indeed, the presence of large numbers of middle-sized, 

morphologically consistent but 

probably ecologically disparate species at the 

Tsagaan Khushuu site is consistent with the 

range of variation seen, for example, in taxa of 

extant dabbling ducks (Anatini). Although the 

anatomy and phylogenetic position of Presbyornithidae 

(in particular Presbyornis) are well 

known, this material from Mongolia further 

demonstrates the prevalence of these birds in 

aquatic and semi-aquatic habitats by the earliest 

Paleogene. Because presbyornithids are 

also well documented from the late Cretaceous, 

their palaeoecology and morphological 

diversity provides a clue to selective avian 

survivorship across the Cretaceous-Paleogene 

(K-Pg) boundary 

2010040430 

匈牙利晚白垩世化石鸟类回顾 = A review 

of Late Cretaceous fossil birds from Hungary. 

( 英文 ). Dyke G J; Ősi A. Geological Journal, 

2010, 45(4): 434–444 

We review the previously described Late 

Cretaceous (Santonian) bird remains from the 

Csehbánya Formation in the Bakony Mountains 

of Hungary, augmenting initial work by 

Ősi (2008), and add a number of newly collected 

fossils. All together, the eight fossil 

specimens so far collected from this site are 

important to our understanding of avian evolution 

because they document a large range of 

taxon body sizes from at least one major lineage 

(Enantiornithes) and come from a critically 

undersampled time period in the Cretaceous. 

Globally, very little fossil bird material 

has been collected from the middle stages of 

the Late Cretaceous, the Coniacian and Santonian; 

most known taxa are either Early Cretaceous 

(ca. 120 Ma) in age or are from the 

terminal Campanian and Maastrichtian (ca. 

70–65 Ma). Indeed, one of the Csehbánya 

Formation fossil birds is recognized as a new 

taxon of large enantiornithine, an avisaurid 

apparently similar in its largely unfused foot 

morphology to the Argentine Soroavisaurus 

and to the North American Avisaurus. The 

Central European records reviewed in this paper 

highlight the wide distribution of some 

Late Cretaceous fossil birds, particularly avisaurid 

enantiornithines, and lead us to a brief 

discussion of avian biogeography at the end of 

the Mesozoic. 

2010040431 

化石鸟类蛋壳保存了古代 DNA = Fossil 

avian eggshell preserves ancient DNA. ( 英文 ). 

Oskam C L;Haile J;McLay E et al.. Proceedings 

of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 

2010, 277(1690): 1991-2000 

Owing to exceptional biomolecule preservation, 

fossil avian eggshell has been used 

extensively in geochronology and palaeodietary 

studies. Here, we show, to our knowl- 

122

edge, for the first time that fossil eggshell is a 

previously unrecognized source of ancient 

DNA (aDNA). We describe the successful 

isolation and amplification of DNA from fossil 

eggshell up to 19 ka old. aDNA was successfully 

characterized from eggshell obtained 

from New Zealand (extinct moa and ducks), 

Madagascar (extinct elephant birds) and Australia 

(emu and owl). Our data demonstrate 

excellent preservation of the nucleic acids, 

evidenced by retrieval of both mitochondrial 

and nuclear DNA from many of the samples. 

Using confocal microscopy and quantitative 

PCR, this study critically evaluates approaches 

to maximize DNA recovery from 

powdered eggshell. Our quantitative PCR experiments 

also demonstrate that moa eggshell 

has approximately 125 times lower bacterial 

load than bone, making it a highly suitable 

substrate for high-throughput sequencing approaches. 

Importantly, the preservation of 

DNA in Pleistocene eggshell from Australia 

and Holocene deposits from Madagascar indicates 

that eggshell is an excellent substrate for 

the long-term preservation of DNA in warmer 

climates. The successful recovery of DNA 

from this substrate has implications in a number 

of scientific disciplines; most notably archaeology 

and palaeontology, where genotypes 

and/or DNA-based species identifications 

can add significantly to our understanding 

of diets, environments, past biodiversity 

and evolutionary processes. 

2010040432 

阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚早中新世鸟类 Apterodytes 

ictus 种的系统分类状况 = Taxonomic 

status of Apterodytes ictus Ameghino, 1901 

(Aves; Sphenisciformes) from the Early Miocene 

of Patagonia, Argentina. ( 英文 ). Hospitaleche 

C A. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. 

Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2010, 255(3): 

371-375 

A systematic revision of Aptenodytes ictus 

is presented. This is a proximal end of a right 

humerus strongly eathered that was interpreted 

a s a complete humerus with an unique morphology. 

The characters included in the original 

diagnosis and the description are inadequate 

to compare with those of other species 

as they are based mainly on the assumption of 

the atrophy of a humerus that is in fact fractured 

and incomplete. Its morhology allows its 

confident assignment to the family spheniscidae, 

although it is not well enough preserved 

to assign it to any known genus. Therefore, 

this fossil is not appropriate to found a species 

on and Palaeoapterodytes ictus (Ameghino, 

1901) must be considered as a nomen dubium. 

哺乳类 

2010040433 

美洲乳齿象 = American Mastodon. ( 英文 ). 

Whalen V. American Paleontologist, 2008, 

16(3): 17 2 图版 . 

2010040434 

什么是新的 , 猫 ? = What’s New, Pussycat?. 

( 英文 ). Kissel R. American Paleontologist, 

2008, 16(3): 40-42 4 图版 . 

2010040435 

乳齿象 , 科学和教育 = Mastodons, Science, 

and Education. ( 英文 ). Allmon W D.. American 

Paleontologist, 2008, 16(3): 1 

2010040436 

Numidotherium savagei 的属性及长鼻类下 

门齿同源性的再评估 = Reassessment of the 

generic attribution of Numidotherium savagei 

and the homologies of lower incisors in proboscideans. 

( 英文 ). Delmer C. Acta palaeontologica 

Polonica, 2009, 54(4): 561-580 

Near the end of the twentieth century, a 

medium-sized early proboscidean found in 

Dor El Talha, Libya, originally identified as a 

small species of Barytherium, was described 

as a new species of Numidotherium and designated 

Numidotherium savagei. New specimens 

described herein show strong structural 

similarities of the upper teeth with those of 

bunolophodont early proboscideans and 

document the shared presence of derived traits 

in the postcranial skeleton. Included for the 

fist time in a cladistic analysis, N. savagei is 

distinct from both Numidotherium and Barytherium, 

and lies in an "intermediate" position 

between the strictly lophodont eocene proboscidens 

and the bunolophogont moeritheres and 

elephantiforms. Accordingly, the species is 

herein referred to a new genus, Arcanotherium. 

New data on its mandibular symphysis and , 

espedially, on its lower incisors loci and morphology, 

bring new support to a hypothesis of 

homology between the lower incisors of early 

proboscideans and the ever-growing lower 

tusks of the elephantiforms, which are identified 

here as di 1 and i 1. 

2010040437 

瑞士东部 Eschenbach 地区 Diaceratherium 

lemanense 的系统分类 , 古生态和古生物地 

层 = Diaceratherium lemanense (Rhinoceroti- 

123

dae) from Eschenbach (eastern Switzerland): 

systematics, palaeoecology, palaeobiogeography. 

( 英文 ). Becker D; Burgin T; Oberli U; 

Scherier L. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. 


2): 5-39 

This paper describes a juvenile rhinocerotid 

skull from Eschenbach. Computed tomography 

revealed the presence of the presence of 

the unerupted adult teeth P4 and M3 and enabledtheir 

three dimensional virtual reconstruction. 

The morphological features of this 

skull(postglenoid and posttympanic apophyses 

in contact, deep nasal otch, very slight occipital 

elevation, molar lingual cingulum absent, 

strong molar crochet) ascribe it to an evolved 

form of Diaceratherium lemanense when 

compared with other European specimens. 

2010040438 

巴西 Rio Grande do Sul 地区 Touro Passo 

组的 Catagonus stenocephalus: 系统分类和 

古环境的评述 = Catagonus stenocephalus 

(Lund in Reinhardt, 1880) (mammalia, Tayassuidae) 

in the touro Passo Formation (Late 

Pleistocene), Rio grande do Sul, Brazil. Taxonomic 

and palaeoenvironmental comments. 

( 英文 ). Gasparini G M; Kerber L; Oliveira E 

V. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie 

/ Abhandlungen, 2009, 254(3): 261- 

273 

Three genera of Tayassuidae are recognized 

in South America: Platygonus, Catagonus and 

Tayassu. A material previously referred to the 

"group Catagonus" and recently to Tayassu sp., 

was examined; in the light of the systematic 

scheme available today, it is identified as 

Catagonus stenocephalus. From a palaeoenvironmental 

point of view, the presence of this 

species (presumably adapted to arid or semiarid 

environments) in Touro Passo Formation, 

together with other faunistic remains adapted 

to warm-temperature and humid climatic conditions 

and many other indicators of open to 

semi-open and perhaps arid or semi-arid environments 

show a particular fauna. this fauna 

supports the palaeoenvironmental conditions 

that extended during Lujanian times throughout 

the Argentinian Mesopotamia, western 

Uruguay and southern Brazil. 

2010040439 

意大利中部托斯卡纳地区早上新世一新的 

delphinid 记录 : 系统分类和生物地层观察 = 

A new delphinid record (Odontoceti, Cetacea) 

from the Early Pliocene of Tuscany (Central 

Italy): systematics and biostratigraphic considerations. 

( 英文 ). Bianucci G; Vaiani S C; 

Casati S. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. 

Palaontologie / Abhandlungen, 2009, 254(3): 

275-292 

The speimen is related to the Pliocene 

"Stenella" giulii, a species known from fourspecimens 

collected in the Pisa hills in the 

second half of 19th Century. "Stenella" giulii 

is here referred to the new genus Etruridelphis. 

Differences between Etruridelphis and all the 

extant Stenella spp. include: i) larger size of 

skull ii) wider and flatter premaxillae on the 

rostrum iii)narrower superior process of the 

periotic and iv) lower processus muscularis of 

the malleus. The dolphin horizon, 13 meters 

above the base of the section produces Globorotalia 

margaritae and G. puncticulata, indicating 

the MP1 3 zone. Previous biostratigraphic 

analyses on other Etruridelphis 

specimens confirm that E. giulii is early and 

Middle Pliocene in age. 

2010040440 

德国南部 Sandelzhausen 地区中新世反刍 

类的系统分类和古生态 = Systematics and 

palaeoecology of Runinantia (Artiodactyla, 

Mammalia) from the Miocene of Sandelzhausen 

(southern Germany, Northern Alpine 

Foreland Basin). ( 英文 ). Rossner G E. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(4): 123-162 

More than 1,000 teeth, almost 70 antler remains 

and one skull enable the identification 

of five ruminants, namely the tragulid Dorcatherium 

crassum, the palaeomerycid Germanomeryx 

n. g. fahlbuschi n. sp., and the 

cervids Lagomeryx parvulus, Lagomeryx 

pumilio, and Heteroprox eggeri n. sp. Lagomeryx 

pumilio, and L. pumilio have the most 

extensive record yet known for these species, 

opening up a much more complete view of 

them 120 years after the discovery of the type 

materials. The investigation comprises extensive 

taxonomic descriptions of all species represented 

and an interpretation of the palaeoecology 

based on an analysis of the community 

structure. this clearly suggests a humid 

closed canopy forest interspersed with temporary 

and perennial waters and accompanying 

open areas. 

2010040441 

德国南部 Sandelzhausen 地区中新世长鼻 

类 = The Proboscidea (Mammalia) from the 

Miocene of sandelzhausen (southern Ger- 

124

many). ( 英文 ). Gohlich U B. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2009, 83(4): 163-204 

The material is preserved as mostly isolated 

and disarticulated remains and is composedof 

about 200 dental remains (cheek teeth and 

tusks), cranial fragments, and postcrania. The 

main part of this assemblage is identified as 

belonging to Gomphotherium subtapiroideum, 

and a few specimens are attributed to Zygolophodon 

turicensis. 

2010040442 

加拿大不利颠哥伦比亚温哥华岛 Cowichan 

Head 晚威斯康星期的 Arctodus simus = 

Giant short-faced bear (Arctodus simus) from 

late Wisconsinan deposits at Cowichan Head, 

Vancouver Island, British Columbia. ( 英文 ). 

Steffen M L; Harington C R. Canadian Journal 

of Earth Sciences, 2010, 47(8): 1029-1036 

A giant short-faced bear (Arctodus simus) ulna 

fragment was found at the base of exposed 

Quaternary sediments at Cowichan Head, 

southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia. 

In this paper, the ulna fragment and its geological 

context are described and a reasonable 

taphonomic trajectory is presented. The radiocarbon 

age of 22750± 140 BP on the bone indicates 

that these bears were on Vancouver 

Island during the late Wisconsinan. A likely 

source for the Cowichan Head A. simus was 

from the mainland to the southeast. 

2010040443 

埃及早普利亚本阶 ( 晚始新世 ) 的原始蹄 

兔 = A primitive hyracoid (Mammalia, Paenungulata) 

from the early Priabonian (Late 

Eocene) of Egypt. ( 英文 ). Barrow E; Seiffert 

E R; Simons E L. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 

2010, 8(2): 213-244 

A new hyracoid genus and species, Dimaitherium 

patnaiki from the early Late Eocene 

(early Priabonian) Birket Qarun Formation 

in the Fayum Depression, Egypt, is described. 

The material is approximately 37 million 

years old and three million years older 

than any other hyracoid known from the Fayum 

area. A partial cranium preserves features 

that are likely primitive within Paenungulata, 

such as a postorbital process made up solely 

of the frontals (without a parietal contribution), 

a restricted jugal contribution to the anterior 

orbital margin, and an anteriorly positioned 

orbit. The internal mandibular fenestra, a peculiar 

feature seen in many younger Fayum 

hyracoids, is primitively absent in Dimaitherium, 

but a coronoid canal is present at the 

base of the ascending ramus as in later hyracoids. 

The dentition of Dimaitherium shows 

several primitive characteristics, such as 

poorly molarised premolars, but otherwise 

differs little from many younger hyracoids. 

Phylogenetic analysis consistently places 

younger hyracoids, including procaviids, in a 

clade to the exclusion of Dimaitherium and 

the much older Seggeurius and Microhyrax. 

Given the phylogenetic hypotheses proposed 

here, the presence of 'broken' hypocristids on 

the lower molars is likely to have evolved 

more than once during hyracoid evolution. 

Evidence from the humerus, astragalus and 

calcaneum indicate that Dimaitherium may 

have been an agile climber, and was likely 

capable of rapid movement but was not cursorially 

adapted. Of the other two small Fayum 

hyracoids, Dimaitherium was more similar 

to Thyrohyrax than to Saghatherium. The 

presence of only this single genus and species 

in the Birket Qarun localities cannot be explained 

by depositional biases, and makes an 

ancient origin for the Fayum hyracoid lineages 

unlikely. The poorly known large-bodied 

Early Eocene hyracoids 'Megalohyrax' gevini 

and 'Titanohyrax' mongereaui and tantulus 

from Algeria and Tunisia were not placed with 

Fayum species of Megalohyrax or Titanohyrax 

in our phylogenetic analyses. It is unlikely 

that these species belong to those genera and 

provide no compelling evidence for an Early 

Eocene or Paleocene divergence of the Fayum 

hyracoid lineages. 

2010040444 

西伯利亚西部早白垩世哺乳动物 :3 

Zhangheotheriidae = Early cretaceous 

mammals of Western Siberia: 3. Zhangheotheriidae. 

( 英文 ). A V Lopatin; A O Averianov; 

E N Maschenko; S V Leshchinskiy. Paleontological 

Journal, 2010, 44(5): 573-583 7 

图版 . 

New material of Kiyatherium cardiodens 

Maschenko, Lopatin et Voronkevich, 2002 

from the Early Cretaceous Shestakovo 3 locality 

(Kemerovo Region, Western Siberia) suggest 

that this taxon belongs to symmetrodont 

mammals of the family Zhangheotheriidae. 

Kiyatherium has relatively long and narrow 

upper and lower molars, with large trigon and 

trigonid angles (triangularity is approximately 

as pronounced as in Tinodontidae); a wide and 

deep Meckel’s groove; a reduced and strongly 

posteriorly inclined coronoid process of the 

lower jaw; a very deep posterior mandibular 

incisure; a strong pterygoid crest; and a small 

125

pterygoid fossa. The evolutionary level of 

dental and mandibular morphology suggests 

that Kiatherium occupies a basal position in 

the family. The holotype of K. cardiodens 

shows replacement of the first molar, which is 

a unique case among Trechnotheria. 

2010040445 

气候、生物和鲸类 : 现代鲸演化的新生代 

驱动力 = Climate, Critters, and Cetaceans: 

Cenozoic Drivers of the Evolution of Modern 

Whales. ( 英文 ). Marx F G; Uhen M D. Science, 

2010, 327(5968): 993-996 

Modern cetaceans, a poster child of evolution, 

play an important role in the ocean ecosystem 

as apex predators and nutrient distributors, 

as well as evolutionary "stepping stones" 

for the deep sea biota. Recent discussions on 

the impact of climate change and marine exploitation 

on current cetacean populations may 

benefit from insights into what factors have 

influenced cetacean diversity in the past. Previous 

studies suggested that the rise of diatoms 

as dominant marine primary producers 

and global temperature change were key factors 

in the evolution of modern whales. Based 

on a comprehensive diversity data set, we 

show that much of observed cetacean paleodiversity 

can indeed be explained by diatom diversity 

in conjunction with variations in climate 

as indicated by oxygen stable isotope 

records (delta O-18). 

2010040446 

阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯 Playa Del Barco 地 

区更新世哺乳动物的埋葬学研究 = Taphonomic 

study of Pleistocene mammals from 

Playa Del Barco Site (Pehuen Co) Buenos Aires 

Province, Argentina.. ( 其他 ). Tomassini R 

L; Montalvo C I; Manera T; Oliva C. 


Argentina, 2010, 47(2): 137-152 

Results are presented of a comparative taphonomic 

study conducted on mammal remains 

from Playa del Barco, Buenos Aires 

Province, Argentina. Two bearing levels, belonging 

to a fluvial environment were recognized: 

one constituted mainly by conglomerates 

and the other by silty sandstones. The 

mammal remains collected belong to the orders 

Xenarthra, Notoungulata, Litopterna, Rodentia, 

Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Artiodactyla, 

and Proboscidea, all of them components of 

the typical Pleistocene megafauna. When taking 

into account the source level, variations in 

the taphonomic attributes of the analysed materials 

were observed. Remains from the conglomerate 

show evidence of having been rapidly 

buried and then re-elaborated before their 

final deposition. Fossils from silty sandstones 

show signs of longer exposure to weather, 

more intensely subject to processes that took 

place before burial. Due to their characteristics 

they are interpreted as re-deposited remains. 

In both cases, processes related to mass transport 

are inferred. Nevertheless, the diversity in 

conservation status and taphonomic attributes 

would result from processes originated at each 

of the source levels. The lithostratigraphic, 

taxonomic, and taphonomic evidences do not 

allow relating these two levels to a unique 

event. Therefore, the fossils that they contain 

are interpreted as members of two different 

associations. 

2010040447 

剑齿虎类头颅形态学 : 异速生长、功能和 

系统发育 = Cranial morphology in sabertooth 

cats: allometry, function and phylogeny.. ( 其 

他 ). Prevosti F J; Turazzini G F; Chemisquy 

M A. Ameghiniana: Revista de la asociacion 

Paleontologica Argentina, 2010, 47(2): 239- 

256 

Cranial morphology of felids and other sabre-toothed 

mammals has been studied using 

different approaches and methodologies. Recent 

studies used geometric morphometry 

analyses of the lateral view of the mandible 

and skull, and showed that "derived" sabretooth 

cats differ from recent felids by having a 

set of characters (e.g., small coronoid process, 

large chin and mastoid processes) associated 

with the presence of hypertrophied upper canines. 

In this study, we used geometric morphometrics 

to analyze the shape of the skull 

(dorsal and ventral views) and mandible (lateral 

view) in a large sample of extant felids 

(Felinae), extinct sabretooth fads (machairodontines), 

nimravids, creodonts, and the marsupial 

sabretooth Thylacosmilus Riggs. Results 

were congruent with those obtained using 

a lateral view of the skull: "primitive" 

sabretooth fell next to recent Felinae, but "derived" 

ones fell outside the range of Felinae, 

because they possessed larger mastoid process, 

larger and more procumbent upper incisors, 

and smaller temporal fossa, among other characters. 

However, sabretooth shared some features 

(e.g., large palate and canines) with larger 

Felinae (e.g., Panthera spp.), suggesting 

that they were able to hunt large mammals. 

The pattern of cranial variability of these 

groups is explained by ecological factors but 

also by phylogenetic constraints. The shape of 

126

the skull was correlated with the size and the 

length of the upper canines, two features that 

presented a clear correlation along the phylogeny 

of the group. 

2010040448 

阿根廷圣克鲁斯省早中新世 Pinturas 组一 

新的 microbiotheriid 类 = A new microbiotheriid 

(Mammalia, Marsupialia, Microbiotheria) 

from the Pinturas Formation (Early 

Miocene), Santa Cruz province. ( 其他 ). Goin 

F J; Tejedor M F; Abello M A; Martin G M. 


Argentina, 2010, 47(1): 117-122 

2010040449 

中中新世鼹鼠新种 Desmanodon crocheti: 

北 Alpine 前陆盆地该属的最后代表分子 = 

The Middle Miocene mole desmanodon crocheti 

sp. nov. (talpidae, Mammalia): the last 

representative of the genus in the noeth Alpine 

foreland basin. ( 英文 ). Prieto J. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(2): 217-225 

The German fossil record of the extinct 

mole genus Desmanodon is very limited, with 

most of the fossilsbeing described from the 

Lower Miocene deposits of the North Aopine 

foreland basin. New species D. crocheti cannot 

be directly related to described species or 

lineages and is at present considered as an 

immigrant of unknown origin in South Germany. 

The rare desmanodon remains of the 

fissure filling Petersbuch 10 show that this 

immigration can be correlated roughly with 

MN 7 at least, a period characterized by a 

strong immigration wave during a cooling period 

following the Middle Miocene climate 

optimum. Tthe absence of the genus in Anwil(Switzerland), 

which otherwise shares 

great faunal similarities with Kleineisenbach 

and Giggenhausen, may reflect environmental 

differences between the sites. 

2010040450 

伊朗西北部晚中新世首例豪猪化石 , 兼评中 

新世 - 上新世豪猪的分布 = First porcupine 

fossils (Mammalia, Rodentia) from the late 

Miocene of NW Iran, with notes on late Miocene-Pliocene 

dispersal of porcupines. ( 英文 ). 

Sen S; Purabrishemi Z. Palaeontologische 

Zeitschrift, 2010, 84(2): 219-248 

This paper describes the first fossil porcupine 

remains from Iran. Four upper cheek 

teeth and two fragmentary lower incisors present 

sufficient characters for identification as 

Hystrix aryanensis, a species previously 

known from the late Miocene locality of Molayan 

estimated at ca. 7-8 Ma. The dental features 

of porcupines are discussed to show their 

systematic valueand highlight evolutionary 

trends in late Miocene and Pliocene porcupines. 

This study also discusses the dispersal 

history of fossil porcupines in relation to paleobiogeographic 

provinces and environmental 

changes during late Miocene to late 

Pliocene time. 

2010040451 

辽宁省海城小姑山动物群古环境和时代 = 

Age and paleoenvironment of Xiaogushan 

fauna at Haicheng, Liao-ning Province. ( 英文 ). 

Dong Wei; Fu Renyi; Huang Weiwen. Chinese 

Science Bulletin, 2010, 55(24): 2704- 

2708 

A mammalian fauna composed of 40 species 

associated with Xiaogushan Man was unearthed 

during the archaeological excavations 

from 1981 to 2007 at Xiaogushan Paleolithic 

Site, Haicheng, Liaoning Province. The analyses 

of the fauna and comparison with other 

related faunas indicate that Xiaogushan fauna 

is very similar to that of Shanchengzi, Gulongshan 

and Yushu. It is a typical fauna of 

Northern Region. Its age is within the middle 

to late stages of the Late Pleistocene (80–20 

ka). Influenced by cold period MIS4, the cold 

forms appeared in the fauna. Nevertheless the 

decrease in temperature was not very much 

and the climate was still a temperate one. The 

fauna’s environment was generally humid, 

with large forest, some water areas and grasslands. 

It is suitable for prehistoric human habitation 

during temperate seasons with considerable 

food and water resources. The cold period 

MIS4 might push prehistoric human 

southward to temperate areas or stimulate 

them to develop fire using and making techniques. 

2010040452 

马达加斯加马哈姜省 Belobaka 地区最老的 

河马化石 (Hippopotamus laloumena) = The 

oldest fossil hippopotamus (Hippopotamus 

laloumena) of Madagascar (Belobaka, Mahajanga 

Province). ( 法文 ). Faure M; Guérin C; 

Genty D; Gommery D; Ramanivosoa B. 


The Upper Pleistocene site Belobaka XVII 

(about 20,000 years) has yielded some Hippopotami 

remains included in a very hard breccia. 

Among this material two lower premolars, 

a juvenile calcaneus, two juvenile metatarsals 

and a first abaxial phalange have been cleaned 

127

and can be studied. They belong to Hippopotamus 

laloumena Faure and Guérin, 1990, 

allowed us to know for the first time the P/2 

and P/3 of that species and confirm its validity. 

Belobaka is then the third Malagasyan site 

where H. laloumena has been found, and the 

first which yielded Pleistocene hippopotami 

remains. 

2010040453 

对西西里东北部 Cape Tindari 地区含哺乳 

动物地层确定为晚更新世构造的补充说明 

= The contribution of mammal-bearing deposits 

to timing Late Pleistocene tectonics of 

Cape Tindari (North-Eastern Ssicily). ( 英文 ). 

Bonfiglio L; Mangano G; Pino P. Rivista Italiana 


116(1): 103-118 

New geological, palaeontological and radiometric 

data on the Cape Tindari mammalbearing 

depostis are here exposed and they are 

compared with the known terraced mammal 

bearing depostits in North-eastern Sicily. The 

mammal-bearing depostis and the walls bored 

by Lithodomus holes point to the previous 

existence at Cape Tindari of the inner margin 

of the MIS 5.5 marine terrace and of the overlying 

coastal plain depostis. A stalagmite crust 

previously overlying the mammal-bearing depostits 

and now hanging and sloping inward 

into the cave, points to an erosion phase of the 

inner margin of the coastal plain younger than 

the stalagmite crust which is 40 ka old. The 

two coaqstal lines and the deeply eroded continental 

depostits furnish for the first time 

chronological evidence from stratigraphy and 

biochronology to time the Late Pleistocene 

faulting previously recognished at Cape Tindari. 

they are probablyresponisible for a lowering 

of Cape4 tindari of about 20 m after the 

MIS 5.5 substage and for cutting of part of the 

coastal plain depostis after the depostit of the 

stalamite crust. 

2010040454 

对意大利西北部 Ciabot Cagna 地区晚梅辛 

期 Prolagus 的新观察 = A new look to 

Prolagus (Ochotonidae, Lagomorpha) from 

the Late Messinian of Ciabot Cagna (Piedmont, 

NW Italy). ( 英文 ). Angelone C; Cavallo 

O. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 

2010, 116(2): 267-270 

According to the literature, in Ciabot Cagna 

was recorded the ochotonid Prolagus 

michauxi, but the present revision led to: !) 

ascribe it to Prolagus sorbinii, a species present 

since the beginning of Messinian in continental 

Italy; 2) exclude a W Europe immigration 

source of ochotonids into continental 

Italy during Messinian; 3) and modify the 

geographical range of P. sorbinii and P. 

michauxi, which boundary should be W Alps. 

2010040455 

小哺乳动物分异消失反应晚更新世气候变 

化 = Small mammal diversity loss in response 

to late-Pleistocene climatic change. ( 英文 ). 

Blois J L; McGuire J L; Hadly E A. Nature, 

2010, 465(7299): 771–774 

Communities have been shaped in numerous 

ways by past climatic change; this process 

continues today. At the end of the Pleistocene 

epoch about 11,700 years ago, North American 

communities were substantially altered by 

the interplay of two events. The climate 

shifted from the cold, arid Last Glacial Maximum 

to the warm, mesic Holocene interglacial, 

causing many mammal species to shift their 

geographic distributions substantially. Populations 

were further stressed as humans arrived 

on the continent. The resulting megafaunal 

extinction event, in which 70 of the roughly 

220 largest mammals in North America (32%) 

became extinct, has received much attention. 

However, responses of small mammals to 

events at the end of the Pleistocene have been 

much less studied, despite the sensitivity of 

these animals to current and future environmental 

change. Here we examine community 

changes in small mammals in northern California 

during the last ‘natural’ global warming 

event at the Pleistocene–Holocene transition 

and show that even though no small mammals 

in the local community became extinct, species 

losses and gains, combined with changes 

in abundance, caused declines in both the 

evenness and richness of communities. Modern 

mammalian communities are thus depauperate 

not only as a result of megafaunal extinctions 

at the end of the Pleistocene but also 

because of diversity loss among small mammals. 

Our results suggest that across future 

landscapes there will be some unanticipated 

effects of global change on diversity: restructuring 

of small mammal communities, significant 

loss of richness, and perhaps the rising 

dominance of native ‘weedy’ species. 

2010040456 

秘鲁中新世新的食肉巨头鲸的巨大的齿 = 

The giant bite of a new raptorial sperm whale 

from the Miocene epoch of Peru. ( 英文 ). 

128

Lambert O; Bianucci G; Post K et al.. Nature, 

2010, 466(7302): 105–108 

Modern sperm whales have relatively small 

teeth and feed by suction, but the discovery of 

large teeth in the fossil record suggests that 

raptorial sperm whales once existed. Here the 

authors report the discovery of the teeth and 

jaws of a fossil raptorial sperm whale from the 

Middle Miocene of Peru, almost as large as a 

modern sperm whale but with a three-metre 

head and jaws full of teeth, some 36cm long. 

2010040457 

沙特阿拉伯渐新世新的灵长类化石和类人 

猿和旧大陆猴的分异 = New Oligocene primate 

from Saudi Arabia and the divergence of 

apes and Old World monkeys. ( 英文 ). Zalmout 

IS; Sanders W J; MacLatchy L M. Nature, 

2010, 466(7304): 360–364 

The fossil record of primates is sparse, and 

many gaps remain in our knowledge. One gap 

relates to the divergence within the catarrhines 

— the ancestors of hominoids (apes and humans) 

and Old World monkeys. The discovery 

of a previously unknown catarrhine in Saudi 

Arabia, dated to 29–28 million years ago, 

helps to fill in some details. This specimen 

shows very few catarrhine specializations, 

suggesting that the divergence between Old 

World monkeys and hominoids must have 

occurred after this date. 

2010040458 

萎缩的避难所 : 印度大型哺乳动物灭绝的 

模式 = The shrinking ark: patterns of large 

mammal extinctions in India. ( 英文 ). Karanth 

K K; Nichols J D; Karanth K U; Hines J E; 

Christensen Jr N L. Proceedings of the Royal 

Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010, 

277(1690): 1971-1979 

Mammal extinctions are widespread globally, 

with South Asian species being most 

threatened. We examine local extinctions of 

25 mammals in India. We use historical records 

to obtain a set of locations at which each 

species was known to have been present at 

some time in the last 200 years. We then use 

occupancy estimation models to draw inferences 

about current presence at these same 

locations based on field observations of local 

experts. We examine predictions about the 

influence of key factors such as protected areas, 

forest cover, elevation, human population 

density and cultural tolerance on species extinction. 

For all 25 species, estimated local 

extinction probabilities (referenced to a 100 

year time frame) range between 0.14 and 0.96. 

Time elapsed since the historical occurrence 

record was an important determinant of extinction 

probability for 14 species. Protected 

areas are positively associated with lower extinction 

of 18 species, although many species 

occur outside them. We find evidence that 

higher proportion of forest cover is associated 

with lower extinction probabilities for seven 

species. However, for species that prefer open 

habitats (which have experienced intensive 

land-use change), forest cover alone appears 

insufficient to ensure persistence (the complement 

of extinction). We find that higher 

altitude is positively associated with lower 

extinction for eight species. Human population 

density is positively associated with extinction 

of 13 species. We find that ‘culturally 

tolerated’ species do exhibit higher persistence. 

Overall, large-bodied, rare and habitat specialist 

mammals tend to have higher extinction 

probabilities 

2010040459 

中新世哺乳动物的分异动力与大地构造作 

用和气候史的关系 = Diversity dynamics of 

Miocene mammals in relation to the history of 

tectonism and climate. ( 英文 ). Finarelli J A; 

Badgley C. Proceedings of the Royal Society 


2721-2726 

Continental biodiversity gradients result not 

only from ecological processes, but also from 

evolutionary and geohistorical processes involving 

biotic turnover in landscape and climatic 

history over millions of years. Here, we 

investigate the evolutionary and historical 

contributions to the gradient of increasing 

species richness with topographic complexity. 

We analysed a dataset of 418 fossil rodent 

species from western North America spanning 

25 to 5 Ma. We compared diversification histories 

between tectonically active (Intermontane 

West) and quiescent (Great Plains) regions. 

Although diversification histories differed 

between the two regions, species richness, 

origination rate and extinction rate per 

million years were not systematically different 

over the 20 Myr interval. In the tectonically 

active region, the greatest increase in originations 

coincided with a Middle Miocene episode 

of intensified tectonic activity and global 

warming. During subsequent global cooling, 

species richness declined in the montane region 

and increased on the Great Plains. These 

results suggest that interactions between tectonic 

activity and climate change stimulate 

diversification in mammals. The elevational 

129

diversity gradient characteristic of modern 

mammalian faunas was not a persistent feature 

over geologic time. Rather, the Miocene rodent 

record suggests that the elevational diversity 

gradient is a transient feature arising during 

particular episodes of Earth's history. 

2010040460 

像生物燃料一样的骨骼 : 具有深海生物学 

和古人类学意义的鲸骨组分的评述 = Bones 

as biofuel: a review of whale bone composition 

with implications for deep-sea biology 

and palaeoanthropology. ( 英文 ). Higgs N D; 

Little C T S; Glover A G. Proceedings of the 


278(1702): 9-17 

Whales are unique among vertebrates because 

of the enormous oil reserves held in 

their soft tissue and bone. These ‘biofuel’ 

stores have been used by humans from prehistoric 

times to more recent industrial-scale 

whaling. Deep-sea biologists have now discovered 

that the oily bones of dead whales on 

the seabed are also used by specialist and generalist 

scavenging communities, including 

many unique organisms recently described as 

new to science. In the context of both cetacean 

and deep-sea invertebrate biology, we review 

scientific knowledge on the oil content of 

bone from several of the great whale species: 

Balaenoptera musculus, Balaenoptera physalus, 

Balaenoptera borealis, Megaptera novaeangliae, 

Eschrichtius robustus, Physeter 

macrocephalus and the striped dolphin, Stenella 

coeruleoalba. We show that data collected 

by scientists over 50 years ago during 

the heyday of industrial whaling explain several 

interesting phenomena with regard to the 

decay of whale remains. Variations in the lipid 

content of bones from different parts of a 

whale correspond closely with recently observed 

differences in the taphonomy of deepsea 

whale carcasses and observed biases in the 

frequency of whale bones at archaeological 

sites. 

2010040461 

侏罗纪哺乳动物内耳蜗演化的化石证据 = 

Fossil evidence on evolution of inner ear 

cochlea in Jurassic mammals. ( 英文 ). Luo 

Zhe-Xi; Ruf I; Schultz J A; Martin T. Proceedings 

of the Royal Society B: Biological 

Sciences, 2011, 278(1702): 28-34 

The coiled cochlea is a key evolutionary innovation 

of modern therian mammals. We 

report that the Late Jurassic mammal 

Dryolestes, a relative to modern therians, has 

derived bony characteristics of therian-like 

innervation, but its uncoiled cochlear canal is 

less derived than the coiled cochlea of modern 

therians. This suggests a therian-like innervation 

evolved before the fully coiled cochlea in 

phylogeny. The embryogenesis of the cochlear 

nerve and ganglion in the inner ear of mice is 

now known to be patterned by neurogenic 

genes, which we hypothesize to have influenced 

the formation of the auditory nerve and 

its ganglion in Jurassic therian evolution, as 

shown by their osteological correlates in 

Dryolestes, and by the similar base-to-apex 

progression in morphogenesis of the ganglion 

in mice, and in transformation of its canal in 

phylogeny. The cochlear innervation in 

Dryolestes is the precursory condition in the 

curve-to-coil transformation of the cochlea in 

mammalian phylogeny. This provides the timing 

of the evolution, and where along the phylogeny 

the morphogenetic genes were coopted 

into patterning the cochlear innervation, 

and the full coiling of the cochlea in modern 

therians. 

2010040462 

多米尼加共和国一个绝灭的残存猴 

Antillothrix bernensis 的首个头颅化石 = 

First skull of Antillothrix bernensis, an extinct 

relict monkey from the Dominican Republic. 

( 英文 ). Rosenberger A L; Cooke S B; Rímoli 

R; Ni Xijun; Cardoso L. Proceedings of the 


278(1702): 67-74 

The nearly pristine remains of Antillothrix 

bernensis, a capuchin-sized (Cebus) extinct 

platyrrhine from the Dominican Republic, 

have been found submerged in an underwater 

cave. This represents the first specimen of an 

extinct Caribbean primate with diagnostic craniodental 

and skeletal parts in association, 

only the second example of a skull from the 

region, and one of the most complete specimens 

of a fossil platyrrhine cranium yet discovered. 

Cranially, it closely resembles living 

cebines but is more conservative. Dentally, it 

is less bunodont and more primitive than Cebus, 

with crowns resembling Saimiri (squirrel 

monkeys) and one of the oldest definitive cebines, 

the late Early Miocene Killikaike blakei 

from Argentina. The tricuspid second molar 

also resembles the enigmatic marmosets and 

tamarins, whose origins continue to present a 

major gap in knowledge of primate evolution. 

While the femur is oddly short and stout, the 

ulna, though more robust, compares well with 

Cebus. As a member of the cebid clade, Antil- 

130

lothrix demonstrates that insular Caribbean 

monkeys are not monophyletically related and 

may not be the product of a single colonizing 

event. Antillothrix bernensis is an intriguing 

mosaic whose primitive characters are consistent 

with an early origin, possibly antedating 

the assembly of the modern primate fauna in 

greater Amazonia during the La Venta horizon. 

While most Greater Antillean primate specimens 

are quite young geologically, this vanished 

radiation, known from Cuba 

(Paralouatta) and Jamaica (Xenothrix) as well 

as Hispaniola, appears to be composed of 

long-lived lineages like several other mainland 

clades. 

2010040463 

中国始新世哺乳动物 Microbunodon 属的 

识别 = Recognition of Microbunodon (Artiodactyla, 

Anthracotheriidae) from the Eocene 

of China. ( 英文 ). Tsubamoto T. Paleontological 

Research, 2010, 14(2): 161-165 

The anthracotheres (family Anthracotheriidae) 

are a large group of fossil artiodactyl 

mammals and have long been considered to be 

a useful group for the study of worldwide terrestrial 

biochronology and paleobiogeography 

during the Cenozoic (Pickford, 1987, 1991; 

Rasmussen et al., 1992; Ducrocq, 1995, 1996; 

Ducrocq and Lihoreau, 2006). Microbunodon 

Depéret, 1908 is a genus of bunodont anthracotheres 

that existed in the late Oligocene of 

Europe (France, Switzerland, Austria, and 

Germany) and in the middle to late Miocene 

of Indo-Pakistan (Pickford, 1987; Lihoreau et 

al., 2004; Lihoreau and Ducrocq, 2007). It 

possibly existed in the late Oligocene of Turkey 

and in the early Oligocene to early Miocene 

of Pakistan (Lihoreau et al., 2004). The 

earliest known Microbunodon is from the late 

Oligocene (European Mammal Zone MP28; 

ca. 26 Ma) of Switzerland (Lihoreau et al., 

2004). However, this genus is considered to 

stem from Anthracokeryx of the middle Eocene 

to early Oligocene of Asia and to have 

immigrated from Asia to Europe during the 

Oligocene because it does not have a European 

ancestor (Lihoreau et al., 2004). Microbunodon 

has a very similar dental morphology 

and size to Anthracokeryx, particularly to Anthracokeryx 

thailandicus from the upper Eocene 

Krabi basin of Thailand and to Anthracokeryx 

gungkangensis from the upper Eocene/lower 

Oligocene Gongkang Formation of 

southern China (Qiu, 1977; Ducrocq, 1999; 

Lihoreau et al., 2004). 

古人类学 

古人类学 

2010040464 

地猿 : 被发现的远古 Hominin 类 = 

Ardipithecus: an Ancient Hominin Revealed. 

( 英文 ). Catalani J A.. American Paleontologist, 

2010, 38(1): 15-17 2 图版 . 

2010040465 

美国佛罗里达州 Choctawhatchee 海湾的海 

岸动力学机制和文化活动 = Coastal dynamics 

and cultural occupations on Choctawhatchee 

bay, Florida, USA. ( 英文 ). Saunders 

R; Wrenn J H; Krebs W; Bryant V M. 

Palynology, 2009, 33(2): 135-156 

A multidisciplinary project on an archaeological 

site on the Mitchell River, which feeds 

into Chocta whatchee Bay on the Florida panhandle. 

was designed to understand human 

adaptations to a dynamic hydrological environment 

during the Middle and Late Archaic 

period (ca. 8000-3000 B.P.). Now in a freshwater 

environment, on a sandy terrace above 

the Mitchell River floodplain, the Mitchell 

River I archaeological site contains an oystershell 

midden and other features indicating 

human exploitation of an estuarine environment. 

Estuarine exploitation at the site occurred 

over a long span of time,from around 

7300 to 3400 2cal B.P., although the site was 

abandoned two or three times over the millennia. 

The site was more permanently abandoned 

after 3400 B.P. 

Because estuarine shellfish, such as oysters,are 

low trophic level species, they have 

been considered marginal resources, and archaeologists 

modeling collector strategies assume 

that people will not travel far to obtain 

them. Under an optimal foraging model, estuarine 

resources should have been closer to 

the site than at present. A multidisciplinary 

team was assembled to address whether a mid- 

Holocene sea-level highstand had produced 

estuarine conditions in the Mitchell River 

floodplain during the Archaic. Using microfossils 

and stratigraphy from a dated core 

taken in the floodplain due South of the site, 

the project members attempted to correlate the 

changing paleoenvironment with human occupation 

and abandonment of the area. Results 

indicate that,at ca. 7300 cal B.P., when the 

Mitchell River I site was first inhabited, the 

floodplain was a shallow, open, sedge marsh. 

The site inhabitants must have traveled some 

distance to gather the oysters and other estuarine 

species that were discarded oil the site. 

131

The earliest occupation was brief, but the site 

was reoccupied between 5900 and 5300 cal 

B.P., when the floodplain had become a 

Taxodium/Nyssa swamp. Site deposits indicate 

intensive exploitation of oyster and to a 

lesser extent Rangia, which may have been 

closer to the site than at 7300 B.P. but still 

would have required some travel. At some 

point, the mouth of the Mitchell River was 

forced eastward, and the bayhead delta, recognized 

as a 2-meter-deep wedge of sand in 

the core. was located adjacent to the site. By 

4700 cal B.P., brackish water conditions prevailed, 

although direct evidence of oyster beds 

in the immediate area is lacking. Unfortunately, 

scouring of the core sediments sometime 

after 4700 cal B.P. destroyed the paleoenvironmental 

record for the last part of the 

Archaic occupation of the site. However, 

some evidence in Core 1, along with research 

elsewhere on the Florida panhandle, suggests 

that catastrophic storms may have played a 

part in the more permanent abandonment of 

the site after 3400 B.P. 

2010040466 

尼安德特人基因的初步序列 = A Draft Sequence 

of the Neandertal Genome. ( 英文 ). 

Green R E; Krause J; Briggs A W; Maricic T; 

Stenzel U; Kircher M; Patterson N ; Li H; 

Zhai W W; Fritz MHY; Hansen N F; Durand 

E Y; Malaspinas A S; Jensen J D; Marques- 

Bonet T; Alkan C; Prufer K; Meyer M; Burbano 

H A; Good J M; Schultz R; Aximu-Petri 

A; B. Science, 2010, 328(5979): 710-722 6 图 

版 . 

Neandertals, the closest evolutionary relatives 

of present-day humans, lived in large 

parts of Europe and western Asia before disappearing 

30,000 years ago. We present a 

draft sequence of the Neandertal genome 

composed of more than 4 billion nucleotides 

from three individuals. Comparisons of the 

Neandertal genome to the genomes of five 

present-day humans from different parts of the 

world identify a number of genomic regions 

that may have been affected by positive selection 

in ancestral modern humans, including 

genes involved in metabolism and in cognitive 

and skeletal development. We show that Neandertals 

shared more genetic variants with 

present-day humans in Eurasia than with present-day 

humans in sub-Saharan Africa, suggesting 

that gene flow from Neandertals into 

the ancestors of non-Africans occurred before 

the divergence of Eurasian groups from each 

other. 

2010040467 

人类起源支序混乱时期的猿类 = Apes 

Among the Tangled Branches of Human Origins. 

( 英文 ). Harrison T. Science, 2010, 

327(5965): 532-534 

The detailed description of Ardipithecus 

ramidus (1) more than lived up to the buzz of 

anticipation that preceded it in the paleoanthropological 

community. A. ramidus is a purported 

hominin (the group comprising humans 

and their extinct relatives after they diverged 

from our closest living relatives, the chimpanzees) 

from the Middle Awash region of Ethiopia. 

The focus of attention has been on how A. 

ramidus may relate to later fossil hominins 

and to living apes and humans (see the first 

figure), but to appreciate the place of A. ramidus 

in human origins, we must also view it 

from the perspective of the hominoids (apes) 

that lived in the Miocene, 23 to 5 million 

years ago (see the second figure). 

2010040468 

佛得角湖泊全新世晚期古生态学 : 形成晚 

期和经典期新热带植物区北部边境地带人 

类影响及气候改变的证据 = Late Holocene 

palaeoecology of Lago Verde: evidence of 

human impact and climate change in the 

northern limit of the neotropics during the late 

formative and classic periods. ( 英文 ). Lozano- 

Garcia Socorro; Caballero Margarita; Ortega 

Beatriz; Sosa Susana; Rodriguez Alejandro; 

Schaaf Peter. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2010, 19(3): 177-190 4 图版 . 

Multiproxy analysis (pollen, diatom, charcoal) 

on a 6 m core from Lago Verde (Sierra 

de Los Tuxtlas), shows evidences of environmental 

changes and human impact on the evergreen 

rainforest on the tropical lowlands of 

eastern Mexico during the last ca. 2,800 years. 

Prehistoric human occupation is recorded 

since the late Formative throughout the middle 

Classic (250 b.c.-ca. a.d. 800) by the presence 

of maize pollen, a low abundance of tropical 

arboreal taxa and a high abundance of herbaceous 

pollen and charcoal particles. This occurred 

under a scenario of very low lake levels 

from which dry conditions are inferred based 

on the dominance of aerophilous and periphytic 

diatom taxa. After ca. a.d. 800 the site 

was abandoned and forest regeneration started, 

at the same time higher lake levels, an indication 

of more humid conditions, were established. 

In the absence of human disturbance, 

tropical forest regeneration was rapid (ca. 200 

132

years). Fluctuations in pollen composition 

during times of low human population at the 

site are related to climate variability, with the 

highest tropical forest diversity and lake levels 

recorded during the Little Ice Age. Modern 

human impact is also recorded and compared 

with the prehistoric deforestation event. Comparison 

with palaeoecological records from 

Yucatan and the highlands of central Mexico 

offers a Mesoamerican perspective of climatic 

variability giving evidence that the late Formative 

and early to middle Classic demographic 

expansion occurred under a scenario 

of climates dryer than present, with the Postclassic 

characterized by moister conditions. 

The end of the Classic (ca. a.d. 800-1000) is 

identified as a period of rapid climate change 

which marks one of the most important cultural 

transitions in Mesoamerica. 

2010040469 

亚祖盆地 ( 密西西比州 , 美国 ) 的考古 

学、土地使用、花粉和恢复 = Archaeology, 

land use, pollen and restoration in the Yazoo 

Basin (Mississippi, USA). ( 英文 ). Scharf E A. 

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2010, 

19(3): 159-175 4 图版 . 

Increasingly, modern ecologists are realizing 

that the history of ecological systems is 

crucially important for understanding the 

landscape and that human land use has a great 

impact on the trajectory of ecosystems. The 

Yazoo Basin of Mississippi (USA) is one area 

in which palaeoecological and archaeological 

research has been done, but at a time when 

interpretations of the results relied on paradigms 

that gave credence only to climate 

change as a causal factor in explaining vegetation 

histories of plant communities. This paper 

uses knowledge of ecological processes and 

patterns of plant colonization and succession 

to make testable expectations for vegetation 

composition and change related to human action. 

An existing pollen record from the area is 

then examined in light of these expectations 

and reveals evidence that humans were an integral 

part of the ecosystem in this area, influencing 

the trajectory of vegetation history 

over thousands of years. 

2010040470 

Atbarapur 地区 : 南亚锡瓦利克山脉的阿 

舍利时代文化 = Atbarapur (Hoshiarpur district, 

Punjab), the Acheulian of the Siwalik 

Range within the South Asian context. ( 英文 ). 

Gaillard C; Singh M; Rishi K K; Bhardwaj V. 


The largest collection of Acheulian artefacts 

in the Siwalik region is from the site of Atbarapur 

in north-western India. The artefacts 

occur in reworked sediments of the Pinjore 

Formation, starting with the onset of the Pleistocene 

and continuing at places in this region 

till 0.6 Ma. The technical study shows two 

similar “chaînes opératoires”: one based on 

cobbles for making small flakes and the second 

based on boulders for large flakes. Both 

are short and simple: cores are not prepared 

and each of them produced about seven flakes. 

Handaxes and cleavers, typical Acheulian 

tools, are made on the large flakes, often 

struck from the ventral face of larger flakes 

(Kombewa method) or from split boulders. 

The technology compares well with the Lower 

Pleistocene Acheulian of peninsular India, but 

with slightly more refined bifaces. It also 

compares with assemblages from Africa and 

East Asia: Atbarapur stands as a milestone on 

the diffusion route(s) of the Acheulian. 

2010040471 

中国郧县和南京的直立人 : 采用三维虚拟 

成像技术的人类学的见解 = Homo erectus 

from the Yunxian and Nankin Chinese sites: 

Anthropological insights using 3D virtual imaging 

techniques. ( 英文 ). Vialet A; Guipert 

G;He Jianing;Feng Xiaobo; Lu Zune;Wang 

Youping; Li Tianyuan; de Lumley M-A;de 

Lumley H. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 2010, 

9(6-7): 331-339 

Recent applications of 3D virtual imaging 

techniques in human palaeontology have increased 

the possibilities and the accuracy of 

anthropological analysis. Two examples are 

given for the reconsideration of fossils discovered 

more than 20 years ago, thanks to this 

new technology. The Lower and Middle Pleistocene 

skulls from Yunxian and Nankin in 

China, which were damaged in the process of 

fossilization, have been virtually reconstructed. 

A detailed reinvestigation has been conducted 

by considering those reconstructed skulls and 

their unpublished characters (i.e., inner anatomical 

features inaccessible until now). The 

results of this analysis provide new information 

about the early hominids of China and 

contribute to the discussion of variability in 

Homo erectus. 

2010040472 

欧洲西北部北方带的边缘居住着早更新世 

人类 = Early Pleistocene human occupation at 

133

the edge of the boreal zone in northwest 

Europe. ( 英文 ). Parfitt S A; Ashton N M; 

Lewis S G et al.. Nature, 2010, 466(7303): 

229–233 

Hominins colonized Eurasia fairly swiftly 

after they left Africa around 1.75 million years 

ago, although it had been thought that they did 

not penetrate beyond 45° N except in very 

warm intervals. Now, however, artefacts, 

fauna and flora dating back more 0.78 million 

years have been found in a river deposit in 

Norfolk, England. The findings show that humans 

were capable of penetrating northern 

Europe in cooler intervals, and will prompt a 

re-evaluation of the adaptations and abilities 

of humans at this early date. 

2010040473 

古人类学 : 南方古猿的残杀者 = Palaeoanthropology: 

Australopithecine butchers. ( 英 

文 ). Braun D R. Nature, 2010, 466(7308): 828 

How far back in the human lineage does 

tool use extend? Fossil bones that bear evidence 

of butchery marks made by stone implements 

increase the known range of that behaviour 

to at least 3.2 million years ago. 

2010040474 

埃塞俄比亚迪克卡 3.39 百万年前帮助消耗 

动物组织的石器证据 = Evidence for stonetool-assisted 

consumption of animal tissues 

before 3.39 million years ago at Dikika, 

Ethiopia. ( 英文 ). McPherron S P; Alemseged 

Z; Marean C W. Nature, 2010, 466(7308): 

857–860 

The oldest direct evidence of stone tool 

manufacture comes from Gona (Ethiopia) and 

dates to between 2.6 and 2.5 million years 

(Myr) ago 1 . At the nearby Bouri site several 

cut-marked bones also show stone tool use 

approximately 2.5 Myr ago 2 . Here we report 

stone-tool-inflicted marks on bones found during 

recent survey work in Dikika, Ethiopia, a 

research area close to Gona and Bouri. On the 

basis of low-power microscopic and environmental 

scanning electron microscope observations, 

these bones show unambiguous stonetool 

cut marks for flesh removal and percussion 

marks for marrow access. The bones derive 

from the Sidi Hakoma Member of the 

Hadar Formation. Established 40 Ar– 39 Ar dates 

on the tuffs that bracket this member constrain 

the finds to between 3.42 and 3.24 Myr ago, 

and stratigraphic scaling between these units 

and other geological evidence indicate that 

they are older than 3.39 Myr ago. Our discovery 

extends by approximately 800,000 years 

the antiquity of stone tools and of stone-toolassisted 

consumption of ungulates by 

hominins; furthermore, this behaviour can 

now be attributed to Australopithecus afarensis. 

2010040475 

利比亚中始新世晚期出现非洲类人猿已知 

最早的辐射 = Late middle Eocene epoch of 

Libya yields earliest known radiation of African 

anthropoids. ( 英文 ). Jaeger J-J; Beard K C; 

Chaimanee Y et al.. Nature, 2010, 467(7319): 

1095–1098 

Reconstructing the early evolutionary history 

of anthropoid primates is hindered by a lack of 

consensus on both the timing and biogeography 

of anthropoid origins. Some prefer an ancient 

(Cretaceous) origin for anthropoids in 

Africa or some other Gondwanan landmass, 

whereas others advocate a more recent (early 

Cenozoic) origin for anthropoids in Asia, with 

subsequent dispersal of one or more early anthropoid 

taxa to Africa. The oldest undoubted 

African anthropoid primates described so far 

are three species of the parapithecid Biretia 

from the late middle Eocene Bir El Ater locality 

of Algeria and the late Eocene BQ-2 site in 

the Fayum region of northern Egypt. Here we 

report the discovery of the oldest known diverse 

assemblage of African anthropoids from 

the late middle Eocene Dur At-Talah escarpment 

in central Libya. The primate assemblage 

from Dur At-Talah includes diminutive 

species pertaining to three higher-level anthropoid 

clades (Afrotarsiidae, Parapithecidae 

and Oligopithecidae) as well as a small species 

of the early strepsirhine primate Karanisia. 

The high taxonomic diversity of anthropoids 

at Dur At-Talah indicates either a much 

longer interval of anthropoid evolution in Africa 

than is currently documented in the fossil 

record or the nearly synchronous colonization 

of Africa by multiple anthropoid clades at 

some time during the middle Eocene epoch. 

2010040476 

两个新的中新世 - 上新世乍得原始人对达尔 

文 1871 年的预言的启示 = Two new Mio- 

Pliocene Chadian hominids enlighten Charles 

Darwin's 1871 prediction. ( 英文 ). Brunet M. 

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 


3315-3321 

The idea of an evolutionary sequence for 

humans is quite recent. Over the last 150 years, 

we have discovered unexpected ancestors, 

134

numerous close relatives and our deep evolutionary 

roots in Africa. In the last decade, 

three Late Miocene hominids have been described, 

two about 6 Ma (Ardipithecus and 

Orrorin) in East Africa and the third dated to 

about 7 Ma (Sahelanthropus) in Central Africa. 

The specimens are too few to propose 

definite relationship to other species, but 

clearly these belong to a new evolutive grade 

distinct from Australopithecus and Homo. 

Moreover, all of them were probably habitual 

bipeds and lived in woodlands, thus falsifying 

the savannah hypothesis of human origins. In 

light of all this recent knowledge, Charles 

Darwin predicted correctly in 1871 that Africa 

is the birthplace of humans, chimpanzees and 

our close relatives. 

2010040477 

早期南方古猿的系统发育 : 埃塞俄比亚中 

阿法尔 Woranso-Mille 地区新的化石证据 

= Phylogeny of early Australopithecus: new 

fossil evidence from the Woranso-Mille (central 

Afar, Ethiopia). ( 英文 ). Haile-Selassie Y. 

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 


3315-3321 

The earliest evidence of Australopithecus 

goes back to ca 4.2 Ma with the first recorded 

appearance of Australopithecus ‘anamensis’ at 

Kanapoi, Kenya. Australopithecus afarensis is 

well documented between 3.6 and 3.0 Ma 

mainly from deposits at Laetoli (Tanzania) 

and Hadar (Ethiopia). The phylogenetic relationship 

of these two ‘species’ is hypothesized 

as ancestor–descendant. However, the lack of 

fossil evidence from the time between 3.6 and 

3.9 Ma has been one of its weakest points. 

Recent fieldwork in the Woranso-Mille study 

area in the Afar region of Ethiopia has yielded 

fossil hominids dated between 3.6 and 3.8 Ma. 

These new fossils play a significant role in 

testing the proposed relationship between Au. 

anamensis and Au. afarensis. The Woranso- 

Mille hominids (3.6–3.8 Ma) show a mosaic 

of primitive, predominantly Au. anamensislike, 

and some derived (Au. afarensis-like) 

dentognathic features. Furthermore, they show 

that, as currently known, there are no discrete 

and functionally significant anatomical differences 

between Au. anamensis and Au. afarensis. 

Based on the currently available evidence, 

it appears that there is no compelling evidence 

to falsify the hypothesis of ‘chronospecies 

pair’ or ancestor–descendant relationship between 

Au. anamensis and Au. afarensis. Most 

importantly, however, the temporally and 

morphologically intermediate Woranso-Mille 

hominids indicate that the species names Au. 

afarensis and Au. anamensis do not refer to 

two real species, but rather to earlier and later 

representatives of a single phyletically evolving 

lineage. However, if retaining these two 

names is necessary for communication purposes, 

the Woranso-Mille hominids are best 

referred to as Au. anamensis based on new 

dentognathic evidence. 

2010040478 

Australopithecus anamensis–afarensis 谱系 

中的前齿演化 = Anterior dental evolution in 

the Australopithecus anamensis–afarensis 

lineage. ( 英文 ). Ward C V; Plavcan J M; 

Manthi F K. Philosophical Transactions of the 


365(1556): 3333-3344; 

Australopithecus anamensis is the earliest 

known species of the Australopithecus– 

human clade and is the likely ancestor of Australopithecus 

afarensis. Investigating possible 

selective pressures underlying these changes is 

key to understanding the patterns of selection 

shaping the origins and early evolution of the 

Australopithecus–human clade. During the 

course of the Au. anamensis–afarensis lineage, 

significant changes appear to occur particularly 

in the anterior dentition, but also in jaw 

structure and molar form, suggesting selection 

for altered diet and/or food processing. Specifically, 

canine tooth crown height does not 

change, but maxillary canines and P 3 s become 

shorter mesiodistally, canine tooth crowns 

become more symmetrical in profile and P 3 s 

less unicuspid. Canine roots diminish in size 

and dimorphism, especially relative to the size 

of the postcanine teeth. Molar crowns become 

higher. Tooth rows become more divergent 

and symphyseal form changes. Dietary change 

involving anterior dental use is also suggested 

by less intense anterior tooth wear in Au. 

afarensis. These dental changes signal selection 

for altered dietary behaviour and explain 

some differences in craniofacial form between 

these taxa. These data identify Au. anamensis 

not just as a more primitive version of Au. 

afarensis, but as a dynamic member of an 

evolving lineage leading to Au. afarensis, and 

raise intriguing questions about what other 

evolutionary changes occurred during the 

early evolution of the Australopithecus– 

human clade, and what characterized the origins 

of the group. 

2010040479 

135

Australopithecus anamensis 和 Australopithecus 

afarensis 臼齿微磨损及食性 = Molar 

microwear textures and the diets of Australopithecus 

anamensis and Australopithecus 

afarensis. ( 英文 ). Ungar P S; Scott R S; Grine 

F E; Teaford M F. Philosophical Transactions 


2010, 365(1556): 3345-3354; 

Many researchers have suggested that Australopithecus 

anamensis and Australopithecus 

afarensis were among the earliest hominins to 

have diets that included hard, brittle items. 

Here we examine dental microwear textures of 

these hominins for evidence of this. The molars 

of three Au. anamensis and 19 Au. afarensis 

specimens examined preserve unobscured 

antemortem microwear. Microwear textures of 

these individuals closely resemble those of 

Paranthropus boisei, having lower complexity 

values than Australopithecus africanus and 

especially Paranthropus robustus. The microwear 

texture complexity values for Au. 

anamensis and Au. afarensis are similar to 

those of the grass-eating Theropithecus gelada 

and folivorous Alouatta palliata and 

Trachypithecus cristatus. This implies that 

these Au. anamensis and Au. afarensis individuals 

did not have diets dominated by hard, 

brittle foods shortly before their deaths. On 

the other hand, microwear texture anisotropy 

values for these taxa are lower on average 

than those of Theropithecus, Alouatta or 

Trachypithecus. This suggests that the fossil 

taxa did not have diets dominated by tough 

foods either, or if they did that directions of 

tooth–tooth movement were less constrained 

than in higher cusped and sharper crested extant 

primate grass eaters and folivores. 

2010040480 

寻找最后共同的祖先 : 关于野生黑猩猩新 

发现 = In search of the last common ancestor: 

new findings on wild chimpanzees. ( 英文 ). 

McGrew W C. Philosophical Transactions of 

the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010, 

365(1556): 3267-3276; 

Modelling the behaviour of extinct 

hominins is essential in order to devise useful 

hypotheses of our species' evolutionary origins 

for testing in the palaeontological and archaeological 

records. One approach is to 

model the last common ancestor (LCA) of 

living apes and humans, based on current 

ethological and ecological knowledge of our 

closest living relations. Such referential modelling 

is based on rigorous, ongoing field studies 

of the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and 

the bonobo (Pan paniscus). This paper reviews 

recent findings from nature, focusing on 

those with direct implications for hominin 

evolution, e.g. apes, using elementary technology 

to access basic resources such as food 

and water, or sheltering in caves or bathing as 

thermoregulatory adaptations. I give preference 

to studies that directly address key issues, 

such as whether stone artefacts are detectible 

before the Oldowan, based on the percussive 

technology of hammer and anvil use by living 

apes. Detailed comparative studies of chimpanzees 

living in varied habitats, from rainforest 

to savannah, reveal that some behavioural 

patterns are universal (e.g. shelter construction), 

while others show marked (e.g. extractive 

foraging) or nuanced (e.g. courtship) 

cross-populational variation. These findings 

allow us to distinguish between retained, 

primitive traits of the LCA versus derived 

ones in the human lineage. 

2010040481 

增长扩大的颅后骨骼标本进一步证实法尔 

南猿异态现象与现代人类相似 = An 

enlarged postcranial sample confirms Australopithecus 

afarensis dimorphism was similar 

to modern humans. ( 英文 ). Reno P L; 

McCollum M A; Meindl R S. Philosophical 

Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological 

Sciences, 2010, 365(1556): 3355-3363 

In a previous study, we introduced the template 

method as a means of enlarging the Australopithecus 

afarensis postcranial sample to 

more accurately estimate its skeletal dimorphism. 

Results indicated dimorphism to be 

largely comparable to that of Homo sapiens. 

Some have since argued that our results were 

biased by artificial homogeneity in our Au. 

afarensis sample. Here we report the results 

from inclusion of 12 additional, newly reported, 

specimens. The results are consistent 

with those of our original study and with the 

hypothesis that early hominid demographic 

success derived from a reproductive strategy 

involving male provisioning of pair-bonded 

females. 

2010040482 

阿法南方古猿的颅底 : 女性头骨的新见解 

= The cranial base of Australopithecus afarensis: 

new insights from the female skull. ( 英文 ). 

Kimbel W H; Rak Y. Philosophical Transactions 


2010, 365(1556): 3365-3376; 

136

Cranial base morphology differs among 

hominoids in ways that are usually attributed 

to some combination of an enlarged brain, 

retracted face and upright locomotion in humans. 

The human foramen magnum is anteriorly 

inclined and, with the occipital condyles, 

is forwardly located on a broad, short and 

flexed basicranium; the petrous elements are 

coronally rotated; the glenoid region is topographically 

complex; the nuchal lines are low; 

and the nuchal plane is horizontal. Australopithecus 

afarensis (3.7–3.0 Ma) is the earliest 

known species of the australopith grade in 

which the adult cranial base can be assessed 

comprehensively. This region of the adult 

skull was known from fragments in the 1970s, 

but renewed fieldwork beginning in the 1990s 

at the Hadar site, Ethiopia (3.4–3.0 Ma), recovered 

two nearly complete crania and major 

portions of a third, each associated with a 

mandible. These new specimens confirm that 

in small-brained, bipedal Australopithecus the 

foramen magnum and occipital condyles were 

anteriorly sited, as in humans, but without the 

foramen's forward inclination. In the large 

male A.L. 444-2 this is associated with a short 

basal axis, a bilateral expansion of the base, 

and an inferiorly rotated, flexed occipital 

squama—all derived characters shared by later 

australopiths and humans. However, in A.L. 

822-1 (a female) a more primitive morphology 

is present: although the foramen and condyles 

reside anteriorly on a short base, the nuchal 

lines are very high, the nuchal plane is very 

steep, and the base is as relatively narrow centrally. 

A.L. 822-1 illuminates fragmentary 

specimens in the 1970s Hadar collection that 

hint at aspects of this primitive suite, suggesting 

that it is a common pattern in the A. 

afarensis hypodigm. We explore the implications 

of these specimens for sexual dimorphism 

and evolutionary scenarios of functional 

integration in the hominin cranial base. 

2010040483 

非洲东部上新世中期的古人类多样性 : 

KNM -WT40000 的上颌骨 = Hominin diversity 

in the Middle Pliocene of eastern Africa: 

the maxilla of KNM-WT 40000. ( 英文 ). 

Spoor F; Leakey M G; Leakey L N. Philosophical 

Transactions of the Royal Society B: 

Biological Sciences, 2010, 365(1556): 3377- 

3388; 

The 3.5-Myr-old hominin cranium KNM- 

WT 40000 from Lomekwi, west of Lake Turkana, 

has been assigned to a new hominin genus 

and species, Kenyanthropus platyops, on 

the basis of a unique combination of derived 

facial and primitive neurocranial features. 

Central to the diagnosis of K. platyops is the 

morphology of the maxilla, characterized by a 

flat and relatively orthognathic subnasal region, 

anteriorly placed zygomatic processes 

and small molars. To study this morphology in 

more detail, we compare the maxillae of African 

Plio-Pleistocene hominin fossils and samples 

of modern humans, chimpanzees and gorillas, 

using conventional and geometric morphometric 

methods. Computed tomography 

scans and detailed preparation of the KNM- 

WT 40000 maxilla enable comprehensive assessment 

of post-mortem changes, so that 

landmark data characterizing the morphology 

can be corrected for distortion. Based on a 

substantially larger comparative sample than 

previously available, the results of statistical 

analyses show that KNM-WT 40000 is indeed 

significantly different from and falls outside 

the known range of variation of species of 

Australopithecus and Paranthropus, contemporary 

Australopithecus afarensis in particular. 

These results support the attribution of KNM- 

WT 40000 to a separate species and the notion 

that hominin taxonomic diversity in Africa 

extends back well into the Middle Pliocene. 

2010040484 

古人类化石牙齿珐琅质的稳定同位素显示 

上新世基本饮食变迁 = Stable isotopes in 

fossil hominin tooth enamel suggest a fundamental 

dietary shift in the Pliocene. ( 英文 ). 

Lee-Thorp J A; Sponheimer M; Passey B H; 

de Ruiter D J; Cerling T E. Philosophical 

Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological 

Sciences, 2010, 365(1556): 3389-3396; 

Accumulating isotopic evidence from fossil 

hominin tooth enamel has provided unexpected 

insights into early hominin dietary 

ecology. Among the South African australopiths, 

these data demonstrate significant contributions 

to the diet of carbon originally fixed 

by C 4 photosynthesis, consisting of C 4 tropical/savannah 

grasses and certain sedges, 

and/or animals eating C 4 foods. Moreover, 

high-resolution analysis of tooth enamel reveals 

strong intra-tooth variability in many 

cases, suggesting seasonal-scale dietary shifts. 

This pattern is quite unlike that seen in any 

great apes, even ‘savannah’ chimpanzees. The 

overall proportions of C 4 input persisted for 

well over a million years, even while environments 

shifted from relatively closed (ca 3 

Ma) to open conditions after ca 1.8 Ma. Data 

from East Africa suggest a more extreme sce- 

137

nario, where results for Paranthropus boisei 

indicate a diet dominated (approx. 80%) by C 4 

plants, in spite of indications from their powerful 

‘nutcracker’ morphology for diets of 

hard objects. We argue that such evidence for 

engagement with C 4 food resources may mark 

a fundamental transition in the evolution of 

hominin lineages, and that the pattern had antecedents 

prior to the emergence of Australopithecus 

africanus. Since new isotopic evidence 

from Aramis suggests that it was not 

present in Ardipithecus ramidus at 4.4 Ma, we 

suggest that the origins lie in the period between 

3 and 4 Myr ago. 

2010040485 

从早期古人类牙齿化石恢复地质年龄重建 

过去人类生长 = Retrieving chronological age 

from dental remains of early fossil hominins 

to reconstruct human growth in the past. ( 英 

文 ). Dean M C. Philosophical Transactions of 


365(1556): 3397-3410; 

A chronology of dental development in Pan 

troglodytes is arguably the best available 

model with which to compare and contrast 

reconstructed dental chronologies of the earliest 

fossil hominins. Establishing a time scale 

for growth is a requirement for being able to 

make further comparative observations about 

timing and rate during both dento-skeletal 

growth and brain growth. The absolute timing 

of anterior tooth crown and root formation 

appears not to reflect the period of somatic 

growth. In contrast, the molar dentition best 

reflects changes to the total growth period. 

Earlier initiation of molar mineralization, 

shorter crown formation times, less root length 

formed at gingival emergence into functional 

occlusion are cumulatively expressed as earlier 

ages at molar eruption. Things that are 

similar in modern humans and Pan, such as 

the total length of time taken to form individual 

teeth, raise expectations that these would 

also have been the same in fossil hominins. 

The best evidence there is from the youngest 

fossil hominin specimens suggests a close resemblance 

to the model for Pan but also hints 

that Gorilla may be a better developmental 

model for some. A mosaic of great ape-like 

features currently best describes the timing of 

early hominin dental development. 

2010040486 

中新世中期巨型类人猿 Anoiapithecus, 

Pierolapithecus 和 Dryopithecus 属的珐琅 

质厚度 = Enamel thickness in the Middle 

Miocene great apes Anoiapithecus, Pierolapithecus 

and Dryopithecus. ( 英文 ). Alba D 

M; Fortuny J; Moyà-Solà S. Proceedings of 


277(1691): 2237-2245 

On the basis of industrial computed tomography, 

relative enamel thickness (RET) is 

computed in three Middle Miocene (ca 11.9– 

11.8 Ma) hominoids from Abocador de Can 

Mata (Vallès-Penedès Basin, Catalonia, 

Spain): Pierolapithecus catalaunicus from 

BCV1 and Anoiapithecus brevirostris from 

C3-Aj, interpreted as stem hominids; and 

Dryopithecus fontani from C3-Ae of uncertain 

phylogenetic affinities. Pierolapithecus displays 

an average RET value of 19.5, 

Anoiapithecus of 18.6 and Dryopithecus of 

10.6. The thick-enamelled condition of Pierolapithecus 

and Anoiapithecus is also characteristic 

of afropithecids, including the more 

derived kenyapithecins from the early Middle 

Miocene of Eurasia (Griphopithecus and Kenyapithecus). 

Given the presence of other dentognathic 

and craniofacial similarities, thick 

enamel may be interpreted as a symplesiomorphy 

of the Hominidae (the great ape and 

human clade), which would have been later 

independently modified along several lineages. 

Given the correlation between thick enamel 

and hard-object feeding, our results suggest 

that thick enamel might have been the fundamental 

adaptation that enabled the out-of- 

Africa dispersal of great-ape ancestors and 

their subsequent initial radiation throughout 

Eurasia. The much thinner enamel of 

Dryopithecus is difficult to interpret given 

phylogenetic uncertainties, being either a 

hominine synapomorphy or a convergently 

developed feature. 

历史地质学、地层学 

综论 

2010040487 

意大利西西里 Reitano Flysch Auct. 新的生 

物地层资料 : 修正西西里单元地层学的关键 

= New biostratigraphic data from the Reitano 

Flysch Auct. (Sicily, Italy): A key to a revised 

stratigraphy of the sicilide units. ( 英文 ). Torricelli 

S; Knezaurek G. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia 

e stratigrafia, 2010, 116(2): 201- 

221 

The study of palynomorphs and calcareous 

nannofossils recovered from the volcanoarenitic 

succession outcropping at Troina and 

Cerami (Sicily) documents Rupelian assem- 

138

lages comparable to those published for the 

Tusa Tuffite. This new evidence, combined 

with petrographic, geochemical and sedimentological 

affinities documented in the literature, 

eventually proves the genetic relationships 

between these units. Accordingly, the 

new name Troina-Tusa Formation is proposed 

to include all these Rupelian volcanosedimentary 

units and to replace inappropriate 

names formerly used. 

古地理学、古气候学 

2010040488 

松辽盆地中部青山口组 - 姚家组界线上下的 

古湖泊特征及古气候响应 = Paleolimnology 

and paleoclimate from the Upper Qingshankou 

to the Lower Yaojia Formations in central 

Songliao Basin. ( 中文 ). 席党鹏 ; 尹秀珍 ; 崔莹 ; 

荆夏 ; 万晓樵 . 微体古生物学报 , 2008, 25(3): 

266-274 

松辽盆地从青山口组沉积期到姚家组沉 

积期有重大的古湖泊环境与古气候变化。 

根据对松辽盆地中部 X2 22 井青山口组 - 姚 

家组界线上下 12. 20 m 地层的 TOC、 

δ13Corg 和 HI 等参数的分析 , 将该沉积期古 

湖泊的演化分为三个阶段。最下部 TOC 含 

量相对较高、δ13Corg 偏负、HI 中等 , 反映 

了当时气候温暖湿润 , 湖水较深 , 有机质来源 

于高等植物和部分藻类 , 湖底呈还原环境。 

向上 TOC 和 HI 急剧降低 ,δ13 Corg 略偏正 , 

反映了气候开始变得干热 , 湖水变浅 , 湖底呈 

弱氧化环境 , 有机质主要来源于高等植物。 

到了最上部开始出现红层 , TOC 含量更 

低 ,δ13 Corg 进一步偏正 , 反映气候更加干 

热、湖水更浅 , 湖底呈强氧化环境。δ13 

Corg 在界线处出现小幅度的正偏 , 与 G212 

井的研究结果一致。 

2010040489 

秘鲁亚马逊山麓 8200 年内的气候变化 = 

8,200 years of climatic variability in the Amazonian 

Piedmont of Peru. ( 英文 ). Correa- 

Metrio A; Bush MB; Silman M. Palynology, 

2008, 32(): 258-258 

The 20m-long upper sedimentary record of 

Lake Sauce spans the last ~8200 yr of the environmental 

history of the area and its connections 

with the global ecological and geophysical 

processes. The record was approached 

through palynological and charcoal analysis, 

as well as digital imagery analysis of the uppermost 

17 m of the core, which showed a 

laminated pattern. Despite two drier-thanpresent 

periods occurred between ~8300 and 

~6000, and between ~4500 and ~3200 years 

BP, a general trend towards wetter conditions 

is shown by the record. Given its coincidence 

with the South Atlantic insolation curve for 

the Holocene, such a trend seems to correspond 

to orbital forcing mechanisms. On the 

other hand, lamina thickness, when evaluated 

through wavelets analysis, displayed significant 

variance on the ENSO band (2–8 years). 

Given the current behavior of the precipitation 

in the area and the terrigenous-dominated nature 

of the materials, this could be reflecting 

the activity of ENSO cold phase during the 

last ~5200 years. In such a way, the precipitation 

trends in the study area seem to be driven 

by the interaction between systems of the Atlantic 

and Pacific oceans. The first evidence 

on human occupation appears around 4000 

years BP, and it seems to play a major role in 

the modeling of the landscape and the driving 

of the vegetation ecological processes at local 

and regional scales. 

2010040490 

最后一个冰河时代的终结 = The Last Glacial 

Termination. ( 英文 ). Denton G H; Anderson 

R F; Toggweiler J R; Edwards R L; 

Schaefer J M; Putnam A E. Science, 2010, 

328(5998): 1652-1656 

A major puzzle of paleoclimatology is why, 

after a long interval of cooling climate, each 

late Quaternary ice age ended with a relatively 

short warming leg called a termination. We 

here offer a comprehensive hypothesis of how 

Earth emerged from the last global ice age. A 

prerequisite was the growth of very large 

Northern Hemisphere ice sheets, whose subsequent 

collapse created stadial conditions that 

disrupted global patterns of ocean and atmospheric 

circulation. The Southern Hemisphere 

westerlies shifted poleward during each northern 

stadial, producing pulses of ocean upwelling 

and warming that together accounted for 

much of the termination in the Southern 

Ocean and Antarctica. Rising atmospheric 

CO2 during southern upwelling pulses augmented 

warming during the last termination in 

both polar hemispheres. 

2010040491 

古气候之谜 ? = A Paleoclimatic Enigma?. 

( 英文 ). Ruddiman W F. Science, 2010, 

328(5984): 838-839 

Major glaciations began in the Northern 

Hemisphere around 2.75 million years ago, 

after a long prior interval of climatic cooling. 

Numerous observations reveal how climate 

139

cooled before glacial onset, but our understanding 

of the driving forces behind the cooling 

remains incomplete. 

2010040492 

中新世晚期安第斯山脉中部地区缓慢抬升 

中发生的对流降雨 = Onset of Convective 

Rainfall During Gradual Late Miocene Rise of 

the Central Andes. ( 英文 ). Poulsen C J; Ehlers 

T A; Insel N. Science, 2010, 328(5977): 490- 

493 

A decrease in the ratio of O-18 to O-16 

(delta O-18) of sedimentary carbonate from 

the Bolivian Altiplano has been interpreted to 

indicate rapid surface uplift of the late Miocene 

Andean plateau (AP). Here we report on 

paleoclimate simulations of Andean surface 

uplift with an atmospheric general circulation 

model (GCM) that tracks oxygen isotopes in 

vapor. The GCM predicts changes in atmospheric 

circulation and rainfall that influence 

AP isotopic source and amount effects. On 

eastern AP slopes, summer convective precipitation 

increases by up to 6 millimeters per 

day (>500%) for plateau elevations that are 

greater than about 2000 meters. High precipitation 

rates enhance the isotope amount effect, 

leading to a decrease in precipitation delta O- 

18 at high elevations and an increase in delta 

O-18 lapse rate. Our results indicate that late 

Miocene delta O-18 depletion reflects initiation 

and intensification of convective rainfall. 

2010040493 

自全新世中期以来东中国海内陆架内淤泥 

地区东亚冬季风的纪录 = Records of the 

East Asian winter monsoon from the mud area 

on the inner shelf of the East China Sea since 

the mid-Holocene. ( 英文 ). Liu Shengfa; Shi 

Xuefa; Liu Yanguang;Qiao Shuqing; Yang 

Gang; Fang Xisheng; Wu Yonghua; Li 

Chaoxin; Li Xiaoyan; Zhu Aimei; Gao Jing- 

Jing. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2010, 55(21): 

2306-2314 

AMS 14 C dating and analysis of grain size, 

major elements and clay minerals were applied 

to Core MZ01 from the mud area on the 

inner shelf of the East China Sea. Based on 

the environmentally sensitive grain size, clay 

mineral and major element assemblages, the 

history of the East Asia winter monsoon since 

the mid-Holocene could be reconstructed. 

These three proxies, mean grain size 

(>9.71 μm), chemical index of alteration (CIA) 

and ratio of smectite to kaolinite in particular, 

show similar fluctuation patterns. Furthermore, 

10 extreme values corresponding to the contemporary 

cooling events could be recognized 

since the mid-Holocene; these extreme values 

are likely to have been caused by the strengthening 

of the East Asia winter monsoon. The 

cooling events correlated well with the results 

of the δ 18 O curves of the Dunde ice core and 

GISP2, which therefore revealed a regional 

response to global climate change. Four stages 

of the East Asia winter monsoon were identified, 

i.e. 8300–6300 a BP, strong and unstable; 

6300-3800 a BP, strong but stable; 3800–1400 

a BP, weak and unstable; after 1400 a BP, 

weak but stable. 

2010040494 

中国非海相侏罗纪化石木的生物多样性和 

古气候意义 = Biodiversity and palaeoclimatic 

implications of fossil wood from the 

non-marine Jurassic of China. ( 英文 ). Wang 

Yongdong; Yang Xiaoju; Zhang Wu; Zheng 

Shaolin; Tian Ning. Episodes, 2009, 32(1): 

13-20 

Fossil woods are widely recorded in the 

non-marine Jurassic deposits of China from 

nine provinces and 18 localities. About 33 

species referred to 17 genera have been documented, 

which are mainly ascribed to coniferales, 

cycadales and bennettitales. Stratigraphically, 

the fossil woods vary between a variety 

of horizons in the Lower; Middle and Upper 

Jurassic; the occurrences predominate in the 

Aalenian-Bajocian, Bathonian-Callovian and 

Oxfordian-Tithonian intervals. Jurassic woods 

are mainly distributed in the Northern Floristic 

Province in China, whereas they are rare in the 

Southern Floristic Province. Diversity and 

anatomical characteristics, especially the 

growth ring feature analysis implies climatic 

conditions with distinct seasonal variation in 

the Northern Floristic Province during the 

Early, Middle and Late Jurassic periods. 

2010040495 

南极洲晚始新世时期大面积冰川覆盖和冰 

川减退 = Large-scale glaciation and deglaciation 

of Antarctica during the Late Eocene. ( 英 

文 ). Peters S; Carlson A E; Kelly D C; Gingerich 

P D. Geology, 2010, 38(8): 723-726 

Approximately 34 m.y. ago, Earth's climate 

transitioned from a relatively warm, ice-free 

world to one characterized by cooler climates 

and a large, permanent Antarctic Ice Sheet. 

Understanding this major climate transition is 

important, but determining its causes has been 

complicated by uncertainties in the basic patterns 

of global temperature and ice volume 

140

change. Here we use an unusually well exposed 

coastal incised river-valley complex in 

the Western Desert of Egypt to show that 

eustatic sea level fell and then rose by 40 m 2 

m.y. prior to establishment of a permanent 

Antarctic Ice Sheet. This fall in sea level is 

associated with a positive oxygen isotope excursion 

that has been interpreted to reflect 

global cooling, but instead records buildup of 

an Antarctic Ice Sheet with a volume 70% of 

the present-day East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Both 

the sea-level fall and subsequent rise were coincident 

with a transient oscillation in atmospheric 

CO 2 concentration down to 750 ppm, 

which climate models indicate may be a 

threshold for Southern Hemisphere glaciation. 

Because many of the carbon emission scenarios 

for the coming century predict that atmospheric 

CO 2 will rise above this same 750 ppm 

threshold, our results suggest that global climate 

could transition to a state like the Late 

Eocene, when a large permanent Antarctic Ice 

Sheet was not sustainable. 

2010040496 

日本 Aira Caldera 岛和鹿儿岛湾冰期后海 

平面升高时期从淡水过渡到海水环境的地 

球化学和硅藻证据 = Geochemical and diatom 

evidence of transition from freshwater to 

marine environments in the Aira Caldera and 

Kagoshima Bay, Japan, during post-glacial 

sea-level rise. ( 英文 ). Yamanaka T; Miyabe S; 

Sawai Y; Shimoyama S. Journal of Asian 

Earth Sciences, 2010, 39(5): 386-395 

The Aira Caldera in Kyushu, southwest Japan, 

is a huge Quaternary caldera that formed 

as a result of an eruption ca. 25 ka. Most of 

the caldera is now submerged under the innermost 

part of Kagoshima Bay, which is part 

of a large graben. The caldera was initially a 

freshwater lake but eventually became a marine 

environment. Previous studies demonstrated 

that the center part of the bay was occupied 

by fresh water during sea-level lowstand 

around 18 ka, and was invaded by marine 

water at ca. 13 ka, during rapid postglacial 

sea-level rise. Geochemical and fossil 

diatom assemblages, however, strongly suggest 

that seawater was present in the caldera 

lake during the 18–13 ka interval: sediment 

from this time contains both elevated sedimentary 

sulfide content and marine diatom 

species. This evidence implies that water in 

the center part of Kagoshima Bay was not entirely 

fresh for the last 18,000 yrs, and that the 

Aira Caldera changed abruptly from a freshwater 

lake to a marine environment at 13 ka. 

This abrupt change may have resulted from 

collapse of part of the caldera wall during 

eruption of Sakurajima Volcano. 

前古生界 

2010040497 

瑞典 Oskarshamn 地区 Ar-40-Ar-39 黑云 

母和普通角闪石地球年代学 : 辨别元古代 

多重构造热事件 = Ar-40-Ar-39 biotite and 

hornblende geochronology from the Oskarshamn 

area, SE Sweden: discerning multiple 

Proterozoic tectonothermal events. ( 英文 ). 

Soderlund P; Page L M; Soderlund U. Geological 

Magazine, 2008, 145(6): 790-799 

Twelve Ar-40-Ar-39 biotite and four hornblende 

age determinations have been carried 

out to constrain the cooling history of the Proterozoic 

bedrock near Oskarshamn, SE Sweden, 

an area identified as a possible site for 

long-term nuclear waste storage. The bedrock 

hosts c. 1.80 Ga granites and diorites of the 

Transscandinavian Igneous Belt and two 1.45- 

1.44 Ga granite intrusions, the Gotemar and 

Uthammar plutons. Biotite was selected from 

three surface samples, representing both the 

older rocks and the younger granites, and from 

three cored boreholes at nine different depth 

levels. Hornblende was extracted from samples 

at the top and bottom of one borehole and 

at two sub-surface levels of another borehole. 

Three age groups were distinguished: >= 1.62 

Ga, 1.51-1.47 Ga and 1.43-1.42 Ga. In the 

first group, two hornblende analyses yielded 

ages of 1799 +/- 4 Ma and 1773 +/- 13 Ma, 

which indicate initial fast cooling after emplacement 

of 1.80 Ga rocks of the Transscandinavian 

Igneous Belt. Two biotite ages of 

1618 7 Ma and 1621 3 Ma are interpreted to 

date final cooling, through 300 degrees C, after 

the youngest suite (1.68-1.67 Ga) of the 

Transscandinavian Igneous Belt in southcentral 

Sweden. Seven biotite ages, in the 

range 1.51-1.47 Ga, are enigmatic to interpret 

but largely coincide in age with the end of 

widespread rapakivi magmatism in Fennoscandia 

and the initiation of the Danopolonian 

event. The 1.43-1.42 Ga biotite and hornblende 

ages reflect cooling after thermal heating 

from the 1.45-1.44 Ga Gotemar and 

Uthammar plutons. Later events thermally 

affected the bedrock in the Oskarshamn area 

as indicated by a poorly defined biotite age of 

928 6 Ma and other disturbed Ar-40-Ar-39 

ages of samples bordering a complex deformation 

zone. 

2010040498 

141

由 Kaczawa 复合体 ( 欧洲中部华力西构造 

带 )Radzimowice 板岩中碎屑锆石所推断 

的冈瓦那大陆北部边缘太古代至古早生代 

多期次事件 = Multiple Archaean to Early 

Palaeozoic events of the northern Gondwana 

margin witnessed by detrital zircons from the 

Radzimowice Slates, Kaczawa Complex (Central 

European Variscides). ( 英文 ). Tyszka R; 

Kryza R; Zalasiewicz J A; Larionov A N. 


SIMS dating of detrital zircons from the 

stratigraphically enigmatic Radzimowice 

Slates of the Kaczawa Mountains (Sudetes, 

SW Poland), near the eastern termination of 

the European Variscides, has yielded age 

populations of. (1) 493-512 Ma, corresponding 

to late Cambrian to early Ordovician 

magmatism and constraining a maximum depositional 

age; (2) between 550 and 650 Ma, 

reflecting input from diverse Cadomian 

sources; and (3) older inherited components 

ranging to c. 3.3 Ga, with age spectra similar 

to those from Gondwanan North Africa. The 

new data show that the Radzimowice Slates 

cannot form a Proterozoic base to the Kaczawa 

Mountains succession, as suggested by 

earlier models, but was deposited, at the earliest, 

as an extensional basin-fill, during a relatively 

late stage of the break-Lip of this part of 

northern Gondwana. 

2010040499 

雪球假说的起源和评价 = Origins and assessment 

of snowball Earth hypotheses. ( 英 

文 ). Harland W B. Geological Magazine, 

2007, 144(4): 633-642 

Records of Precambrian glaciation onwards 

from the late nineteenth century led to the 

concept of one or more major ice ages. This 

concept was becoming well advanced by the 

mid 1930s, particularly through the compilation 

of Kulling in 1934. Even so tillite stratigraphy 

shows that glaciation was exceptional 

rather than typical of Earth history. Some Proterozoic 

tillites, sandwiched between warm 

marine facies, indicate low, even equatorial 

palaeolatitudes as determined magnetically, 

and more recently led to ideas of a snow- and 

ice-covered 'snowball Earth'. However, interbedded 

non-glacial facies as well as thick tillite 

successions requiring abundant snowfall 

both militate against the hypothesis of extreme 

prolonged freezing temperatures referred to 

here as an 'iceball Earth' in which all oceans 

and seas were sealed in continuous ice cover. 

On the other hand tropical environments were 

interrupted by glaciation several times in the 

Proterozoic, something that did not recur in 

the Phanerozoic. The term 'snowball Earth' is 

consistent with the established view of extremely 

widespread Proterozoic glaciation, but 

the 'iceball Earth' version of this is not compatible 

with the geological record. 

2010040500 

西伯利亚地台西北部前寒武纪 - 寒武纪 

Sukharikha 河剖面碳同位素地层学 = Carbon 

isotope stratigraphy of the Precambrian- 

Cambrian Sukharikha River section, northwestern 

Siberian platform. ( 英文 ). Kouchinsky 

A; Bengtson S; Pavlov V; Runnegar B; 

Torssander P; Young E; Ziegler K. Geological 

Magazine, 2007, 144(4): 609-618 

A high-resolution carbon isotope profile 

through the uppermost Neoproterozoic-Lower 

Cambrian part of the Sukharikha section at the 

northwestern margin of the Siberian platform 

shows prominent secular oscillations of delta 

C-13 with peak-to-peak range of 6-10 parts 

per thousand. There are six minima, In-6n, 

and seven maxima 1p-7p, in the Sukharikha 

Formation and a rising trend of VC from the 

minimum In of - 8.6 parts per thousand to 

maximum 6p of + 6.4 parts per thousand. The 

trough In probably coincides with the isotopic 

minimum at the Precambrian-Cambrian 

boundary worldwide. Highly positive delta C- 

13 values of peaks 5p and 6p are typical of the 

upper portion of the Precambrian-Cambrian 

transitional beds just beneath the Tommotian 

Stage in Siberia. A second rising trend of VC 

is observed through the Kxasnoporog and 

lower Shumny formations. It consists of four 

excursions with four major maxima that can 

be correlated with Tommotian-Botomian 

peaks II, IV, V, and VII of the reference profile 

from the southeastern Siberian platform. 

According to the chemostratigraphic correlation, 

the first appearances of the index forms 

of archaeocyaths are earlier in the Sukharikha 

section than in the Lena-Aldan reuion. 

2010040501 

条带状含铁建造 (Gua 矿山 , 印度 ) 的显 

微结构 = Microstructures in a banded iron 

formation (Gua mine, India). ( 英文 ). Mamtani 

M A; Mukherji A; Chaudhuri A K. Geological 

Magazine, 2007, 144(2): 271-287 

This paper provides a detailed documentation 

of microstructures developed in the 

banded iron formation (13117) of Gua mine, 

located in the Bonai Synclinorium (eastern 

India), where the rocks have been subjected to 

142

three deformations (D-1 to D-3). Folded iron 

ores, quartz strain fringes around rigid core 

objects and folded iron ore layers, and refracted 

quartz veins are described from samples 

taken from D-2 folds in the banded iron 

formation. Orientations of microstructures are 

compared with mesoscopic structures to interpret 

the generations of ore minerals, planar 

structures and the time relationship between 

deformation and development of different microstructures. 

The mechanism of D-2 folding 

is worked out and its bearing on microstructure 

development is discussed. The D-2 folds 

are inferred to have developed by a combination 

of tangential longitudinal strain in the 

competent layer, flexural flow in the incompetent 

layers and flexural slip at the interface 

between layers of differing competence. Homogeneous 

flattening strain superposed the 

earlier strain, which led to modification of the 

folds in the competent layer from class I B to I 

C. This strain is quantified and is found to be 

higher in the limb than the hinge of a fold. 

Diffusive mass transfer by solution and bulging 

dynamic recrystallization in quartz are 

inferred as the dominant deformation processes 

during folding. Moreover, based on 

comparison with published deformation microstructure 

maps, the microstructures of the 

present study are estimated to have developed 

between 300 and 350 degrees C temperatures 

at a strain rate of 10(-14)-10(-12) s(-1), which 

are geologically realistic conditions for naturally 

deformed rocks. 

2010040502 

印度半岛元古代造山运动 : 主要基于碱性 

岩分布的分析 = Proterozoic mountain building 

in Peninsular India: an analysis based primarily 

on alkaline rock distribution. ( 英文 ). 

Leelanandam C; Burke K; Ashwal LD; Webb 

S J. Geological Magazine, 2006, 143(2): 195- 

212 

Peninsular India was assembled into a continental 

block c. 3 million km(2) in area as a 

result of collisions throughout the length of a 

4000 kin long S-shaped mountain belt that 

was first recognized from the continuity of 

strike of highly deformed Proterozoic granulites 

and gneisses. More recently the recognition 

of a variety of tectonic indicators, including 

occurrences of ophiolitic slivers, Andeanmargin 

type rocks, a collisional rift and a foreland 

basin, as well as many structural and isotopic 

age studies have helped to clarify the 

history of this Great Indian Proterozoic Fold 

Belt. We here complement those studies by 

considering the occurrence of deformed alkaline 

rocks and carbonatites (DARCs) in the 

Great Indian Proterozoic Fold Belt. One aim 

of this study is to test the recently published 

idea that DARCs result from the deformation 

of alkaline rocks and carbonatites (ARCs) 

originally intruded into intra-continental rifts 

and preserved on rifted continental margins. 

The suggestion is that ARCs from those margins 

are transformed into DARCs during continental, 

or arc-continental, collisions. If that 

idea is valid, DARCs lie on rifted continental 

margins and on coincident younger suture 

zones; they occur in places where ancient 

oceans have both opened and closed. Locating 

sutures within mountain belts has often proved 

difficult and has sometimes been controversial. 

If the new idea is valid, DARC distributions 

may help to reduce controversy. This paper 

concentrates on the Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt 

of Andhra Pradesh and Orissa, where alkaline 

rock occurrences are best known. Less complete 

information from Kerala, Tamil Nadu, 

Karnataka, West Bengal, Bihar and Rajasthan 

has enabled us to define a line of 47 unevenly 

distributed DARCs with individual outcrop 

lengths of between 30 in and 30 km that extends 

along the full 4000 km length of the 

Great Indian Proterozoic Fold Belt. Ocean 

opening along the rifted margins of the Archaean 

cratons of Peninsular India may have 

begun by c. 2.0 Ga and convergent plate margin 

phenomena have left records within the 

Great Indian Proterozoic Fold Belt and on the 

neighbouring cratons starting at c. 1.8 Ga. Final 

continental collisions were over by 0.55 

Ga, perhaps having been completed at c. 0.75 

Ga or at c. 1 Ga. Opening of an ocean at the 

Himalayan margin of India by e. 0.55 Ga removed 

an unknown length of the Great Indian 

Proterozoic Fold Belt. In the southernmost 

part of the Indian peninsula, a line of DARCs, 

interpreted here as marking a Great Indian 

Proterozoic Fold Belt suture, can be traced 

within the Southern Granulite Terrain almost 

to the Achankovil-Tenmala shear zone, which 

is interpreted as a strike-slip fault that also 

formed at c. 0.55 Ga. 

2010040503 

希腊最老的岩石 : 在 Pelagonian 带中存有 

一个前寒武纪地体的重要证据 = The oldest 

rocks of Greece: first evidence for a Precambrian 

terrane within the Pelagonian Zone. ( 英 

文 ). Anders B; Reischmann T; Kostopoulos D; 

Poller U. Geological Magazine, 2006, 143(1): 

41-58 

143

The Pelagonian Zone in Greece represents 

the westermost belt of the Hellenide hinted 

and (Internal Hellenides). Previous geochronological 

studies of basement rocks from the 

Pelagonian Zone have systematically yielded 

Pernio-Carboniferous ages. In this study we 

demonstrate, for the first time, the existence of 

a Precambrian crustal unit within the crystalline 

basement of the Pelagonian Zone. The U- 

Pb single-zircon and SHRIMP ages of these 

orthogneisses vary from 699 +/- 7 Ma to 713 

+/- 18 Ma, which identify them as the oldest 

rocks in Greece. These Late Proterozoic rocks, 

which today occupy an area of c. 20 x 100 km, 

are significantly different from the neighbouring 

rocks of the Pelagonian Zone. They are 

therefore interpreted as delineating a terrane, 

named here the Florina Terrane. During the 

Permo-Carboniferous, Florina was incorporated 

into all active continental margin, where 

it formed part of the basement for the Pelagonian 

magmatic arc. The activity of this arc was 

dated in this study by single-zircon Pb/Pb ages 

as having taken place at 292 +/- 5 Ma and 298 

+/- 7 Ma. During the Alpine orogeny, Florina, 

together with the Pelagonian Zone, eventually 

became a constituent of the Hellenides. Geochemically, 

the Florina orthogneisses represent 

granites formed at an active continental 

margin. Because of the Late Proterozoic ages, 

this Late Proterozoic active continental margin 

can be correlated to a Pan-African or 

Cadomian arc. As the gneisses contain inherited 

zircons of Late to Middle Proterozoic age, 

the original location of Florina was probably 

at the northwestern margin of Gondwana. 

Similar to other Gondwana-derived terranes, 

such as East Avalonia, Florina approached the 

Southern margin of Eurasia during Palaeozoic 

times, where it became part of an active continental 

margin above the subducting Palaeotethys. 

These interpretations further indicate 

that terrane accretion was already playing all 

important role in the early pre-alpine evolution 

of the Hellenides. 

2010040504 

纳米比亚 Nama 群受到风暴控制的碳酸岩 

斜坡 ( 约 549 百万年 ) 的地貌演化 = Geomorphic 

evolution of a storm-dominated carbonate 

ramp (c. 549 Ma), Nama Group, Namibia. 

( 英文 ). Dibenedetto S; Grotzinger J. 


The well-exposed Hoogland Member (c. 

549 Ma) of the northern Nama Group (Kuibis 

Subgroup), Namibia, represents a stormdominated 

carbonate ramp developed in a 

foreland basin of terminal Proterozoic age. 

The ramp displays facies gradients involving 

updip grainstones which pass downdip into 

broad, spatially extensive tracts of microbial 

laminites and finely laminated mudstones deposited 

above and below storm wave base. 

Trough cross-bedded, coarse grainstones are 

shown to transit downdip into finer-grained 

calcarenites, irregular microbial laminites and 

mottled laminites. Siliciclastic siltstones and 

shales were deposited further downdip. Platform 

growth was terminated through smothering 

by orogen-derived siliciclastic deposits. 

Ramp morphology was controlled by several 

different processes which acted across many 

orders of magnitude (millimetres to kilometres), 

including in situ growth of mats and 

reefs, scouring by wave-produced currents, 

and transport and infilling of coarse-grained 

carbonates and fine-grained carbonates and 

clastics. At the smallest scale,,roughening' of 

the sea-floor through heterogeneous trapping 

and binding by microbial mats was balanced 

by smoothing of the sea-floor through accumulation 

of loose sediment to fill the topographic 

lows within the upward-propagating 

mat. At the next scale up, parasequence development 

involved roughening of the sea-floor 

through shoal growth and grainstone progradation, 

balanced by sea-floor smoothing 

through shale infilling of resulting downdip 

accommodation, as well as the metre-scale 

topographic depressions within the mosaic of 

shoal-water facies. At even larger (sequence/platform) 

scales, roughening of the 

sea-floor occurred through aggradation and 

progradation of thick carbonates, balanced by 

infilling of the foreland basin with orogenderived 

siliciclastic sediments. At all scales a 

net balance was achieved between sea-floor 

roughening and sea-floor smoothing to maintain 

a more or less constant ramp profile. 

2010040505 

Port Nolloth 组 ( 纳米比亚 ) 上部的有机质 

壁微体化石和生物地层学研究 : 对新元古 

代最后一个冰期的启示 = Organic-walled 

microfossils and biostratigraphy of the upper 

Port Nolloth Group (Namibia): implications 

for latest Neoproterozoic glaciations. ( 英文 ). 

Gaucher C; Frimmel H E; Germs GJB. Geological 

Magazine, 2005, 142(5): 539-559 

The occurrence of organic-walled microfossils 

is reported for the first time from the Neoproterozoic 

Port Nolloth Group, Gariep Belt 

(southern Namibia). Acritarchs assigned to 

Bavlinella faveolata occur in the Hilda Sub- 

144

group below the younger of two glaciogenic 

diamictite units (Numees Formation) within 

the Port Nolloth Group. The microfossil assemblage 

in the overlying upper Holgat Formation, 

above the Numees Formation, is characterized 

by low diversity (six species), dominance 

of Soldadophycus bossii, and absence 

of acanthomorphic or large sphacromorphic 

acritarchs. The agglutinated foraminifer Titanotheca 

also occurs in the Holgat Formation. 

Combined with available chemostratigraphic 

data and Pb-Pb ages, this microfossil assemblage 

indicates an upper Ediacaran age of 

around 555 Ma for the Holgat Formation. Virtually 

identical microfossil assemblages, negative-to-positive 

delta(13)C trends, Sr-87/Sr-86 

values between 0.7080 and 0.7085, as well as 

Pb-Pb carbonate ages, make it possible to correlate 

the Holgat Formation with the Buschmannsklippe 

Formation (Witvlei Group, central 

Namibia), the Kombuis Member (Cango 

Caves Group, southern South Africa) and the 

uppermost Polanco to lowermost Cerro 

Espuelitas Formation (Arroyo del Soldado 

Group, Uruguay). Based on these data, the 

underlying Numees Formation, the age of 

which has been only loosely constrained so far 

and subject to considerable debate, can now 

be assigned to the c. 580 Ma Gaskiers or the 

possibly younger (< 570 Ma) Moelv glacial 

event. The Numees glacial event may be represented 

in the uppermost Nooitgedagt Member 

(Cango Caves Group, South Africa) and 

the lower Barriga Negra formations (Arroyo 

del Soldado Group, Uruguay), characterized 

by a negative delta(13)C excursion and a 

strong sea-level drop. If this correlation is 

confirmed, lack of glacial deposits there might 

have implications for the palaeogeographic 

extent of upper Ediacaran glaciations. Our 

preliminary studies show that acritarch biostratigraphy 

can make a significant contribution 

to unravelling the stratigraphy of Neoproterozoic 

glacial deposits, especially when 

combined with C and Sr isotopic data. 

2010040506 

纳米比亚 Fish River 亚群 : 地层学、沉积 

环境和元古代 - 寒武纪界线问题再讨论 = 

The Fish River Subgroup in Namibia: stratigraphy, 

depositional environments and the 

Proterozoic-Cambrian boundary problem revisited. 

( 英文 ). Geyer G. Geological Magazine, 

2005, 142(5): 465-498 

The Fish River Subgroup of the Nama 

Group, southern Namibia, is restudied in 

terms of lithostratigraphy and depositional 

environment. The study is based on partly 

fine-scaled sections, particularly of the Nababis 

and Gross Aub Formation. The results 

are generally in accordance with earlier studies. 

However, braided river deposits appear to 

be less widely distributed in the studied area, 

and a considerable part of the formations of 

the middle and upper subgroup apparently 

were deposited under shallowest marine conditions 

including upper shore-face. Evidence 

comes partly from sedimentary features and 

facies distribution, and partly from trace fossils, 

particularly Skolithos and the characteristic 

Trichophycus pedum. Environmental conditions 

represented by layers with T pedum 

suggest that the producer favoured shallow 

marine habitats and transgressive regimes. 

The successions represent two deepeningupward 

sequences, both starting as fluvial 

(braided river) systems and ending as shallow 

marine tidally dominated environments. The 

first sequence includes the traditional Stockdale, 

Breckhorn and lower Nababis formations 

(Zamnarib Member). The second sequence 

includes the upper Nababis (Haribes Member) 

and Gross Aub formations. As a result, the 

Nababis and Gross Aub formations require 

emendation: a new formation including the 

Haribes and Rosenhof and possibly also the 

Deurstamp members. In addition, four distinct 

sequence stratigraphic units are determinable 

for the Fish River Subgroup in the southern 

part of the basin. The Proterozoic-Cambrian 

transition in southern Namibia is most probably 

located as low as the middle Schwarzrand 

Subgroup. The environmentally controlled 

occurrence of Trichophycus pedum undermines 

the local stratigraphic significance of 

this trace fossil which is eponymous with the 

lowest Cambrian and Phanerozoic trace fossil 

assemblage on a global scale. However, occurrences 

of such trace fossils have to be regarded 

as positive evidence for Phanerozoic 

age regardless of co-occurring body fossils. 

Other suggestions strongly dispute the concept 

of the formal Proterozoic-Cambrian and Precambrian-Phanerozoic 

boundary. Carbon isotope 

excursions and radiometric datings for 

the Nama Group do not help to calibrate precisely 

the temporal extent of the Fish River 

Subgroup. Fossil content, sequence stratigraphy 

and inferred depositional developments 

suggest that this subgroup represents only a 

short period of late orogenic molasse sedimentation 

during the early sub-trilobitic Early 

Cambrian. 

145

2010040507 

纳米比亚元古代末期 Nama 群 ( 约 550-543 

百万年 ) 微生物后生动物礁 = Microbialmetazoan 

reefs of the terminal Proterozoic 

Nama Group (c. 550-543 Ma), Namibia. ( 英 

文 ). Grotzinger J; Adams E W; Schroder S. 


Thrombolite and stromatolite reefs occur at 

several stratigraphic levels within the terminal 

Proterozoic Nama Group (c. 550-543 Ma) of 

central and southern Namibia. The reefs form 

integral parts of several carbonate platforms 

within the Nama Group, including the Kuibis 

platform of the northern Nama Basin (Zaris 

subbasin), and Huns platform (Witputs subbasin) 

of the southern Nama Basin. The reefs 

are composed of both thrombolites and stromatolites 

that form laterally continuous 

biostromes, isolated patch reefs, and isolated 

pinnacle reefs ranging in scale from a metre to 

several kilometres in width. In the majority of 

cases, the reefs occur stratigraphically as an 

integral facies within the transgressive systems 

tracts of sequences making up the Kuibis 

and Huns platforms. This suggests that a regime 

of increasing accommodation was required 

to form well-developed reefs, though 

reefs also occur sporadically in highstand systems 

tract settings. Within a given transgressive 

systems tract, a regime of increasing accommodation 

through time favours the transition 

from sheet-like biostromal geometries to 

more isolated patch and pinnacle biohermal 

geometries. Similarly, increasing accommodation 

in space, such as a transect down depositional 

dip, shows a similar transition from 

more sheet-like geometries in updip positions 

to more isolated geometries in downdip positions. 

Reefal facies consist of thrombolitic 

domes, columns and mounds with welldeveloped 

internal clotted textures, in addition 

to stromatolitic domes, columns and mounds, 

with crudely to moderately well-developed 

internal lamination. Stromatolites are better 

developed in conditions of relatively low accommodation, 

and updip locations, under 

conditions of higher current velocities and 

greater sediment influx. Thrombolites are better 

developed in conditions of relatively high 

accommodation and low sediment influx. 

Both types of microbialites are intimately associated 

with the first calcifying metazoan 

organisms, which may have attached themselves 

to the sediment surface or otherwise 

lived within sheltered depressions within the 

rough topography created by ecologically 

complex mats. The appearance of thrombolitic 

textures during terminal Proterozoic time is 

consistent with colonization of cyanobacterial 

mats by higher algae and metazoans, which 

would have been an important process in generating 

clotted textures. Fabrics in the Nama 

thrombolites are well preserved and show evidence 

of thrombolitic mesoclots being overgrown 

by fibrous marine carbonate, interpreted 

as former aragonite. This was followed 

by emplacement of geopetal micrite fills, and 

precipitation of dolomite as an isopachous rim 

cement, followed by occlusion of remaining 

porosity by blocky calcite spar. 

2010040508 

纳米比亚元古代末期 Nama 群的火山灰层 

的地层学和化学对比 = Stratigraphic and 

chemical correlation of volcanic ash beds in 

the terminal Proterozoic Nama Group, Namibia. 

( 英文 ). Saylor B Z; Poling J M; Huff 

W D. Geological Magazine, 2005, 142(5): 

519-538 

At least twenty silicified volcanic ash beds 

have been identified in the Kuibis and 

Schwarzrand subgroups of the terminal Proterozoic 

Nama Group of Namibia. Nineteen of 

the Nama ash beds are in the Schwarzrand 

Subgroup in the Witputs subbasin. Two of 

these are in the siliciclastic-dominated lower 

part of the subgroup, which consists of the 

Nudaus Formation and Nasep Member of the 

Urusis Formation and comprises two depositional 

sequences. Identification and correlation 

of these ash beds are very well known based 

on stratigraphic position. Sixteen ash beds are 

contained within the carbonate-dominated 

strata of the Huns, Feldschuhhorn and Spitskop 

members of the Urusis Formation. These 

strata comprise four large-scale sequences and 

eighteen medium-scale sequences. Ash beds 

have been found in three of the large-scale 

sequences and seven of the medium-scale sequences. 

Correlations are proposed for these 

ash beds that extend over large changes in facies 

and stratal thickness and across transitions 

between the seaward margin, depocentre 

and landward margin of the Huns-Spitskop 

carbonate shelf. A study of whole rock and in 

situ phenocryst compositions was conducted 

to evaluate the feasibility of independently 

testing sequence stratigraphic correlations by 

geochemically identifying individual ash beds. 

Whole rock abundances of Al, Fe, Mg, K and 

Ti vary inversely with Si, reflecting variations 

in phenocryst concentration due to air fall and 

hydrodynamic sorting. These sorting processes 

did not substantially fractionate whole 

146

ock rare earth element abundances (REE), 

which vary more widely with Si. REE abundances 

are higher in samples of the Nudaus 

ash bed than in samples of the Nasep ash bed, 

independent of position in bed, phenocryst 

abundance, or grainsize, providing a geochemical 

means for discriminating between 

the two beds. Variations in the position of 

chondrite-normalized whole rock REE plots 

similarly support suspected correlations of ash 

beds between widely separated sections of the 

Spitskop Member. Abundances of Fe, Mg and 

Mn in apatite plot in distinct clusters for Spitskop 

ash beds that are known to be different 

and in clusters that overlap for ash beds suspected 

of correlating between sections. Abundances 

of REE in monazites differ for the Nudaus, 

Nasep and Spitskop ash beds in which 

these phenocrysts were identified. Multivariate 

statistical analysis provided a quantitative 

analysis of the discriminating power of different 

elements and found that whole rock abundances 

of Ge, Nb, Cs, Ba and La discriminate 

among the whole rock compositions of the 

Nudaus and Nasep ash beds and the Spitskop 

ash beds that are thought to correlate between 

sections. Each of the above geochemical signatures, 

by itself, is not definitive because the 

differences between beds are comparable to 

the variability within beds and because some 

signatures are shared by beds known to be 

different. Taken together, however, weight-ofevidence 

arguments based on multiple components 

and phases can successfully discriminate 

among Nama. ash beds. Results from this 

study support sequence stratigraphic correlations 

of Spitskop ash beds that document 

stratal truncations and gaps in the record related 

to onlap and erosion. 

2010040509 

西伯利亚地台 Selinde 剖面 Pestrotsvet 组 

下部时代为前托莫特期 : 碳同位素证据 = 

Pre-Tommotian age of the lower Pestrotsvet 

Formation in the Selinde section on the Siberian 

platform: carbon isotopic evidence. ( 英 

文 ). Kouchinsky A; Bengtson S; Pavlov V; 

Runnegar B; Val'kov A; Young E. Geological 

Magazine, 2005, 142(4): 319-325 

Carbon isotopic data from the Selinde section 

in the southeastern part of the Siberian 

platform area are correlated with the reference 

isotopic profile from the Lower Cambrian 

stratotype sections of the Lena-Aldan region, 

but also show additional delta(13)C excursions 

unrecognized there. The chemostratigraphic 

correlation suggests that the geological 

and fossil record of the lower Pestrotsvet 

Formation in the Selinde section has a deeper 

history than the stratotype region. This conclusion 

is important for both constraining the 

age of the earliest Cambrian marine transgression 

on the Siberian platform and providing a 

clearer understanding of the pace and order of 

early Cambrian geochemical and biological 

events. 

2010040510 

英国希罗普郡新元古代 Longrayndian 超群 

的化石和藻席构造 = Fossils and matgrounds 

from the Neoproterozoic Longrayndian Supergroup, 

Shropshire, UK. ( 英文 ). Mcilroy D; 

Crimes T P; Pauley J C. Geological Magazine, 

2005, 142(4): 441-455 

Body and trace fossils of Ediacaran affinity 

are described from strata of the late Neoproterozoic 

Longmyndian Supergroup exposed 

near Church Stretton, Shropshire, UK. The 

almost spherical soft-bodied Ediacaran fossil 

Beltanellifomis brunsae Menner occurs rarely 

in the Burway Formation, but much smaller, 

simpler, discoidal structures are common in 

both the Burway and Synalds formations and 

are referred to Beltanelliforms mintitae sp. 

nov. Similar discoidal structures, but with a 

distinct central depression, are included in Intrites 

punctatus Fedonkin and are common at 

several horizons. Two blocks with numerous 

examples of Medusinites aff. asteroides 

(Sprigg) Glaessner & Wade were recovered 

from the Burway Formation. The purported 

Ediacaran body fossil 'Arumberia' Glaessner 

& Walter is common at several horizons but 

its biogenicity is not accepted herein. 'Arumberia' 

is thus treated along with evidence for 

microbially bound sediment surfaces or matgrounds 

that have been suggested by several 

authors to be necessary for some types of 

Ediacaran preservation. The assemblage of 

simple trace and body fossils along with niatgrounds 

is typical of latest Neoproterozoic 

time, though some elements range into the 

Phanerozoic 

2010040511 

苏格兰斯凯岛 Sleat 群 ( 托里东期 ) 中的火 

山灰沉积 = Tephra-fall deposits in the Sleat 

Group (Torridonian), Isle of Skye, Scotland. 

( 英文 ). Batchelor R A. Geological Magazine, 

2005, 142(2): 209-215 

Tephra-fall deposits in the Late Mesoproterozoic 

Sleat Group (Torridonian) from Skye, 

Scotland, are described for the first time. Two 

individual beds occur within the Loch na Dal 

147

Formation which represents sedimentation in a 

shallow marine environment. Each bed has a 

distinctive brown, crumbly, amorphous appearance 

in the field and has sharp contacts 

with its host metasediment. This unique 

lithology is identical to that of albitic schists 

described recently from the Southern Highland 

Group, Dalradian Supergroup, which 

were identified as air-fall tuffs. 

2010040512 

苏格兰西北部 ( 中元古代晚期 )Stoer 群古 

地磁学研究 : 对成岩作用 , 年代以及与格 

伦维尔造山运动关系的启示 = Palaeomagnetism 

of the (Late Mesoproterozoic) Stoer 

Group, northwest Scotland: implications for 

diagenesis, age and relationship to the Grenville 

Orogeny. ( 英文 ). Darabi M H; Piper JDA. 


The Stoer is the lowest of three groups 

comprising the Torridonian Supergroup, a 

clastic succession deposited late in Mesoproterozoic 

times on the (Lewisian) metamorphic 

foreland to the Caledonian Orogen in northwest 

Scotland. This study reports a palacomagnetic, 

rock magnetic and magnetic fabric 

investigation through the full stratigraphic 

thickness of the succession. A primary magnetic 

fabric of sedimentary origin defines current 

flow from a westerly veering to northwesterly 

source. Rock magnetic studies identify 

the presence of both magnetite and hematite 

in these sediments. Magnetite is apparently 

of primary detrital origin whilst the 

hematite probably results mostly from early 

diagenesis in an environment of restricted 

chemical weathering. Palacomagnetic study of 

sedimentary slumps shows that magnetic remanence 

post-dates deposition but was probably 

fixed by early dewatering and lithification 

because slumped blocks of Stoer in basal Torridon 

Group sediments preserve a primary 

remanence. Tilt adjustment, although inconclusive, 

also implies that magnetic remanence 

is older than pre-Torridian Group tectonic deformation. 

The lower part of the Stoer succession 

shows a progressive increase of magnetic 

inclination with shallower components resident 

in magnetite and steeper components in 

hematite. The succession above the Stac Fada 

Member has the steepest magnetic inclination 

and shows no significant difference between 

magnetite and hematite component directions. 

The inferred time sequence of palaeopoles 

coincides with the Gardar palaeomagnetic 

track (similar to 1250-1130 Ma) at 1180 Ma, 

conforming to a Pb-Pb determination of 1199 

+/- 70 Ma. The Stoer Group was fully lithified 

and deformed before deposition of the Torridon 

Group at similar to 1030 Ma because it 

contains no vestige of the range of Caledonian 

and later overprints found extensively in the 

latter. Sedimentation and lithification of the 

Stoer Group are therefore linked with a phase 

of extensional tectonism at 1200-1150 Ma and 

deformation is attributed to a culminating 

phase of deformation in the nearby Grenville 

Belt at similar to 1100 Ma. 

2010040513 

有机质生产量和聚集的变化作为中元古代 

海洋同位素演变的一个机制 = Changes in 

organic matter production and accumulation 

as a mechanism for isotopic evolution in the 

Mesoproterozoic ocean. ( 英文 ). Frank T D; 

Kah L C; Lyons T W. Geological Magazine, 

2003, 140(4): 397-420 

Mesoproterozoic marine successions 

worldwide record a shift in average delta(13)C 

values from 0 to +3.5parts per thousand, with 

the latter value evident in successions younger 

than 1250 Ma. New carbon isotope data from 

the similar to 1300 to 1270 Ma Dismal Lakes 

Group, Arctic Canada, provide further insight 

into this fundamental transition. Data reveal 

that the shift to higher VC values was gradual 

and marked by occasional excursions to values 

less than 0 parts per thousand. When compared 

to records from older and younger marine 

successions, it is evident that the difference 

between isotopic minima and maxima 

increased with time, indicating that the marine 

system evolved to become isotopically more 

variable. We interpret these patterns to record 

an increase in the crustal inventory of organic 

carbon, reflecting eukaryotic diversification 

and a change in the locus of organic carbon 

burial to include anoxic deep marine sites 

where preservation potential was high. We 

speculate that the release of O-2 to Earth's surface 

environments associated with increased 

organic carbon storage induced irreversible 

changes in the Mesoproterozoic biosphere, 

presaging the more extreme environmental 

and evolutionary developments of the Neoproterozoic. 

2010040514 

埃塞俄比亚西部新元古代演化 : 火成岩地 

球化学 , 同位素系统学和 U-Pb 年龄 = 

Neoproterozoic evolution of Western Ethiopia: 

igneous geochemistry, isotope systematics and 

U-Pb ages. ( 英文 ). Grenne T; Pedersen R B; 

Bjerkgard T; Braathen A; Selassie M G; 

148

Worku T. Geological Magazine, 2003, 140(4): 

373-395 

New geochemical, isotopic and age data 

from igneous rocks complement earlier models 

of a long-lived and complex accretionary 

history for East African Orogen lithologies 

north of the Blue Nile in western Ethiopia, but 

throw doubt on the paradigm that ultramafic 

complexes of the region represent ophiolites 

and suture zones. Early magmatism is represented 

by a metavolcanic sequence dominated 

by pyroclastic deposits of predominantly basaltic 

andesite composition, which give a Rb- 

Sr whole-rock errorchron of 873 +/- 82 Ma. 

Steep REE patterns and strong enrichments of 

highly incompatible trace elements are similar 

to Andean-type, high-K to medium-K calcalkaline 

rocks; epsilon(Nd) values between 

4.0 and 6.8 reflect a young, thin continental 

edge. Interlayered basaltic flows are transitional 

to MORB and compare with mafic 

rocks formed in extensional, back-arc or interarc 

regimes. The data point to the significance 

of continental margin magmatism already at 

the earliest stages of plate convergence, in 

contrast with previous models for the East African 

Orogen. The metavolcanites overlap 

compositionally with the Kilaj intrusive complex 

dated at 866 +/- 20 Ma (U-Pb zircon) and 

a related suite of dykes that intrude thick carbonate-psammite 

sequences of supposedly 

pre-arc, continental shelf origin. Ultramafic 

complexes are akin to the Kilaj intrusion and 

the sediment-hosted dykes, and probably represent 

solitary intrusions formed in response 

to arc extension. Synkinematic composite plutons 

give crystallization ages of 699 +/- 2 Ma 

(Duksi, U-Pb zircon) and 651 5 Ma (Dogi, U- 

Pb titanite) and testify to a prolonged period 

of major (D-1) contractional deformation during 

continental collision and closure of the 

'Mozambique Ocean'. The plutons are characterized 

by moderately peraluminous granodiorites 

and granites with epsilon(Nd) values of 

1.0-2.0. They were coeval with shoshonitic, 

latitic, trachytic and rare trachybasaltic intrusions 

with very strong enrichments of highly 

incompatible trace elements and epsilon(Nd) 

of 0.4-8.0. The mafic end-member is ascribed 

to partial melting of enriched sub-continental 

mantle that carried a subduction component 

inherited from pre-collision subduction. Contemporaneous 

granodiorite and granite formation 

was related to crustal underplating of the 

mafic magmas and consequent melting of 

lower crustal material derived from the previously 

accreted, juvenile arc terranes of the 

East African Orogen. 

2010040515 

挪威北部 Varanger 半岛新元古代页岩中成 

岩作用形成的伊利石的 Rb-Sr 定年 = Rb-Sr 

dating of diagenetic illite in Neoproterozoic 

shales, Varanger Peninsula, northern Norway. 

( 英文 ). Gorokhov I M; Siedlecka A; Roberts 

D; Melnikov N N; Turchenko T L. Geological 

Magazine, 2001, 138(5): 541-562 

Rb-Sr dating of clay subfractions from three 

sedimentary formations of Late Riphean to 

Vendian age from Varanger Peninsula, northern 

Norway, has helped to reline the geochronology 

of the Late Neoproterozoic-Cambrian 

time interval in this region. Eighteen subfractions 

in six narrow size-ranges from 1-2 mum 

to

440 to 390 Ma and thus appear to reflect 

phases of Scandian deformation and uplift. 

2010040516 

西伯利亚碳同位素地层学和一个前托莫特 

阶的问题 = Carbon isotope stratigraphy and 

the problem of a pre-Tommotian Stage in Siberia. 

( 英文 ). Kouchinsky A; Bengtson S; 

Missarzhevsky V V; Pelechaty S; Torssander 

P; Val'kov A K. Geological Magazine, 2001, 

138(4): 387-396 

Carbon isotopic oscillations are useful to 

elucidate the stratigraphy and biogeochemical 

events around the Precambrian-Cambrian 

transition. New isotopic data from the Manykaj 

and Emyaksin formations of the eastern 

Anabar Uplift (Siberia) help to correlate the 

Lower Cambrian and Neoproterozoic- 

Cambrian transitional beds across the Siberian 

Platform. The similarity of trends and amplitudes 

of the carbon isotopic curves, together 

with biostratigraphic and sequencestratigraphic 

markers from the Anabar Uplift, 

provide a precise correlation with the southern 

part of the Siberian Platform. Diagenesis of 

argillaceous limestones of the Emyaksin Formation 

has apparently not affected the primary 

isotopic variations. The resulting curve is 

nearly identical in sections about 100 km apart 

in the Tommotian-Atdabanian portion of the 

formation. Relatively frequent and pronounced 

isotopic oscillations in the lower beds 

of the Emyaksin Formation fit between features 

I and II of the southern Siberian isotopic 

reference scale but are undetected therein owing 

to the depositional hiatus at the base of the 

Tommotian Stage in its type section. This confirms 

the transgressive onlap from the north 

suggested by previous studies, and makes the 

appearance of the Cambrian skeletal fossils on 

the Siberian Platform less abrupt. The hiatus 

in the south appears to embrace at least two 

biostratigraphic zones as recognized in the 

north. The case is strengthened for a pre- 

Tommotian Cambrian Stage in Siberia. the 

biostratigraphic framework for which has been 

elaborated earlier. 

2010040517 

苏格兰西北部新元古代 ( 托里东期 ) 冲积 

扇序列以及它的构造背景和物源 = Neoproterozoic 

(Torridonian) alluvial fan succession, 

northwest Scotland, and its tectonic setting 

and provenance. ( 英文 ). Williams G E. Geological 

Magazine, 2001, 138(4): 471-494 

The presence of alluvial fan deposits in the 

lower Neoproterozoic Torridon Group in 

northwest Scotland illuminates Torridonian 

basin development at the eastern Laurentian 

margin. The 450 m thick Cape Wrath Member 

of the Applecross Formation consists of alluvial 

fan conglomerate and arkose succeeded 

by more distal, braidplain feldspathic sandstone. 

Palaeocurrent data comprising > 2650 

measurements on trough cross-bedding are of 

low variability and show overall eastward 

flow. The projection upcurrent of regionally 

divergent flow directions for the lower part of 

the member indicates a fan of c. 50 km radius 

with its apex 30 km to the west near a basement 

(pre-Caledonian) normal fault with 

downthrow to the east beneath the north 

Minch Basin. Extensional tectonics controlled 

deposition of the Applecross Formation. Regional 

uplift. causing erosion of a youthful 

topography on the Lewisian Gneiss, was followed 

by the development of the Applecross 

extensional basin in two main stages. Uplift of 

a western source area by movement on basinbounding 

normal faults occurred first in the 

north and caused pediplanation and alluvial 

fan deposition in the Cape Wrath area, with 

subsequent uplift of the source area for the 

main body of the Applecross Formation occurring 

further to the west and south along the 

line of the Minch Fault. The bulk of the Applecross 

Formation was derived from a weathered 

terrain of felsic crystalline and related 

supracrustal rocks reaching from the Outer 

Hebrides region westward for up to c. 250 kin 

onto what are now the continental margins of 

the North Atlantic. The tectonic events may 

mark an early phase in the crustal extension 

that led ultimately to the opening of the Iapetus 

ocean. 

2010040518 

格陵兰岛东部加里东造山带边缘薄皮推覆 

带的新元古代 - 早古生代地层关系 : 与苏格 

兰前陆地区的对比 = Neoproterozoic-Lower 

Palaeozoic stratigraphical relationships in the 

marginal thin-skinned thrust belt of the East 

Greenland Caledonides: comparisons with the 

foreland in Scotland. ( 英文 ). Higgins A K; 

Leslie A G; Smith M P. Geological Magazine, 

2001, 138(2): 143-160 

Throughout the 1300 km long East 

Greenland Caledonides, the western exposed 

marginal thrusts overlie foreland rocks of latest 

Neoproterozoic-Early Palaeozoic age, 

mainly exposed in tectonic windows. In the 

western, 100-130 km wide, marginal thrust 

belt, the thrust planes outlining the windows 

appear to follow long flats developed in 

150

Lower Palaeozoic carbonates. East of the 

marginal thrust belt, thrust inclinations 

steepen, and by implication the remaining part 

of the Caledonian orogen extending eastwards 

to the present Atlantic Ocean coast is allochthonous 

and thick-skinned. The contrast between 

the restricted Neoproterozoic-Lower 

Palaeozoic foreland succession and the very 

thick and almost continuous sedimentation of 

the allochthonsus Neoprotetozoic Eleonore 

Bay Supergroup-Tillite Group-Cambro- 

Ordovician sequence of the fjord zone of East 

Greenland confirms the presence of distinct 

N-S trending facies belts on the northwestern 

passive margin of Iapetus. Comparisons with 

the Caledonides of Northwest Scotland, which 

may originally have lain as little as 500 km 

south of the East Greenland Caledonides, provide 

further clues to the understanding of 

Neoproterozoic-Early Palaeozaic basin geometry 

on this sector of the developing Iapetus 

margin. The areas of the Laurentian margin 

represented in the foreland windows of 

East Greenland were inboard of Neoproterozoic 

rifting but, with respect to the Torridonian 

basins of Northwest Scotland, the Eleonore 

Bag. Supergroup succession must have 

been laid down further outboard. Similarly the 

Lower Palaeozoic developments of the foreland 

of Northwest Scotland are thicker than 

the equivalent foreland sequences of East 

Greenland, but much thinner than the allochthonous 

East Greenland Cambro-Ordovician 

succession. 

2010040519 

西福克兰岛中元古代 Cape Meredith 混合 

岩体的地球化学和同位素演化 = Geochemistry 

and isotopic evolution of the Mesoproterozoic 

Cape Meredith Complex, West Falkland. 

( 英文 ). Thomas R J; Jacobs J; Eglington 

B M. Geological Magazine, 2000, 137(5): 

537-553 

Whole-rock major and trace element geochemical 

and Rb-Sr/Sm-Nd isotopic data are 

presented for the Mesoproterozoic (similar 

to1.0 Ga) metamorphic and igneous rocks of 

the Cape Meredith Complex, West Falkland. 

The data indicate that the oldest rocks, the 

similar to1.1 Ga supracrustal gneisses of the 

Big Cape Formation, which form three petrographic 

and geochemical groups (mafic amphibolite, 

quartz-plagioclase-biotitehornblende 

intermediate gneiss and acid 

gneiss), probably represent a juvenile calcalkaline, 

basalt-andesite-rhyolite volcanic sequence, 

with epsilon (epsilon NdT) values and 

T-Nd(DM) ages of similar to +3 to +6 and 

similar to 1100 to 1400 Ma respectively. It is 

argued on geochemical grounds that these 

metavolcanics were extruded in an island-are 

at around 1120 Ma. The Big Cape Formation 

was intruded by granitoids during and after a 

collisional orogenic event at around 1090 Ma. 

The oldest, foliated, (G1) granodiorite was 

emplaced as thin sheets at approximately 1090 

to 1070 Ma and is characterized by epsilon Nd 

Values of similar to +1.5 to 4 (T-DM = similar 

to 1200 to 1400 Ma), showing its juvenile nature. 

The similar to 1070 Ma (G2) syntectonic 

granitoid gneisses and similar to 1000 Ma G3 

post-tectonic granites also exhibit juvenile 

characteristics (epsilon (Nd) = similar toO to 

+5 and T-DM = 2200 to 1200 Ma, respectively). 

The granitoids show a timecomposition 

evolution from Na-rich (G1) 

granodiorite to potassic, high-High Field 

Strength Element granites (G3). The geochemical 

and isotopic characteristics and geological 

evolution of the Cape Meredith Complex 

is comparable with that of the adjacent 

Gondwana crustal blocks in Natal (SE Africa) 

and Dronning Maud Land (East Antarctica), 

supporting models that demonstrate these areas 

evolved in a contiguous, juvenile are environment 

prior to, and during, a major orogenic 

event at similar to1.1 Ga. These events were 

associated with the birth of the Rodinian supercontinent. 

The three areas remained juxtaposed 

during Rodinia break-up and were subsequently 

incorporated into Gondwana in the 

same relative positions. 

2010040520 

伽马射线光谱学在构造对比中的应用 : 以 

多内加尔 ( 爱尔兰西北部 ) 新元古代达雷 

德期序列为例 = Gamma-ray spectroscopy in 

structural correlations: an example from the 

Neoproterozoic Dalradian succession of 

Donegal (NW Ireland). ( 英文 ). Hadley M J; 

Ruffell A; Leslie A G. Geological Magazine, 

2000, 137(3): 319-333 

The Caledonian Horn Head Slide is a spectacular 

ductile shear zone transecting Neoproterozoic 

Appin Group Dalradian metasediments 

in Donegal (NW Ireland). Two conflicting 

stratigraphic interpretations exist for the 

inverted succession exposed in the hanging 

wall of the structure. These are based on correlation 

with two quite separate exposed pelite 

formations elsewhere. The two formations are 

lithologically indistinct and unfossiliferous. 

Here we document the novel use of assayed 

and logged spectral gamma-ray measurements 

151

in comparing the contentious pelite in the 

hanging wall of the Horn Head Slide to the 

two possible correlative pelite formations 

from a wide area of their unequivocal outcrop. 

The data from the contentious pelite show a 

clear statistical and stratigraphical affinity 

with one candidate unit only, thus providing 

the stratigraphical definition necessary for refining 

previous cross-sections. A new model, 

based on our spectral gamma-ray corn-elation, 

is proposed to account for the northwestwards 

directed emplacement of the Lower Falcarragh 

Pelite Formation along the slide. This model 

requires pre-Caledonian normal faulting as a 

precursor to the ensuing compressional event 

in which stratigraphically younger rocks were 

thrust over older, a common instance in fold 

and thrust belt geometry Our work suggests 

that spectral gamma-ray measurements may 

provide a rapid, field-based method for differentiating 

unfossiliferous pelite or mudstone 

units at outcrop and in geophysical well-logs, 

even in structurally complex areas. 

\ 

2010040521 

西伯利亚克拉通的古元古代高变质的变质 

沉积单元 = Paleoproterozoic, High- 

Metamorphic, Metasedimentary Units of Siberian 

Craton. ( 英文 ). Urmaniseva L; Turkina O. 

Acta Geologica Sinica, 2009, 83(5): 875-883 

Sensitive, high-resolution ion microprobe 

zircon U-Pb ages of Paleoproterozoic, highgrade, 

metasedimentary rocks from the southwestern 

part of the Siberian Craton are reported. 

Early Precambrian, high-grade complexes, 

including garnet-biotite, hypersthenebiotite, 

and cordierite- bearing gneisses compose 

the Irkut terrane of the Sharyzhalgay Uplift. 

Protoliths of studied gneisses correspond 

to terrigenous sediments, ranging from greywacke 

to shale. The paragneiss model Nd ages 

of 2.4-3.1 Ga indicate Archean-to- 

Paleoproterozoic source provinces. Zircons 

from gneisses show corerim textures in cathodoluminescence 

(CL) image. Round or 

irregular shaped cores indicate detrital origin. 

Structureless rims with low Th/U are metamorphic 

in origin. The three age groups of 

detrital cores are: 〉2.7, -2.3, and 1.95-2 Ga. 

The ages of metamorphic rims range from 

1.86 to 1.85 Ga; therefore, the sediments were 

deposited between 1.95 and 1.86 Ga and derived 

from Archean and Paleoproterozoic 

source rocks. It should be noted that Paleoproterozoic 

metasedimentary rocks of the Irkut 

Block are not unique. High-grade metaterrigenous 

sediments, with model Nd ages ranging 

from 2.3 to 2.5 Ga, are widely distributed 

within the Aldan and Anabar Shields of the 

Siberian Craton. The same situation is observed 

in the North China Craton, where metasedimentary 

rocks contain detrital igneous 

zircon grains with ages ranging from 3 to 2.1 

Ga (Wan et al., 2006). All of these sedimentary 

units were subjected to Late Paleoproterozoic 

metamorphism. In the Siberian 

Craton, the Paleoproterozoic sedimentary deposits 

are possibly marked passive margins of 

the Early Precambrian crustal blocks, and their 

high-grade metamorphism was related to the 

consolidation of the Siberian Craton. 

2010040522 

依据 SHRIMP 锆石年龄再探讨华北中新元 

古代年代地层学 = Reclassification of the 

Meso- and Neoproterozoic Chronostratigraphy 

of North China by SHRIMP Zircon Ages. ( 英 

文 ). Gao Linzhi; Zhang Chuanheng; Liu 

Pengju; Tang Feng; Song Biao; Ding 

Xiaozhong;. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2009, 

83(6): 1074-1084 

High-quality zircon U-Pb ages acquired 

from Meso- and Neoproterozoic strata in 

North China in recent years has provided a 

high-resolution chronostratigraphic framework 

for dating. A basis of this high-level 

chronostratigraphic system provides the foundation 

for a global Precambrian study and 

stratigraphic correlation and so recent geological 

studies have focused attention on systemic 

SHRIMP zircon dating. A chronology 

of Meso- and Neoproterozoic strata and the 

time of origin of the overlying Changcheng 

System is given on the basis of new SHRIMP 

zircon dating from the Qianxi Complex and 

diabase of the Chuanlinggou Formation. A 

new tectonostratigraphy for a Neoproterozoic 

chronostratigraphic framework in the southeastern 

margin of the North China continent is 

underpinned by the new SHRIMP zircon dating 

of a Neoproterozoic mafic magma diabase 

in the Jiao-Liao-Xu-Huai Sub-Province. 

2010040523 

新元古代冰层崩塌的地层记录 : 斯瓦尔巴 

特群岛 (Svalbard) 斯匹次卑尔根岛西南 

的 Kapp Lyell 混积岩序列 = Stratigraphic 

record of Neoproterozoic ice sheet collapse: 

the Kapp Lyell diamictite sequence, SW 

Spitsbergen, Svalbard. ( 英文 ). Bjornerud M G. 


152

The diamictites of the Neoproterozoic Kapp 

Lyell Sequence in northern Wedel Jarlsberg 

Land, southwest Spitsbergen, have long been 

recognized as ancient glacial deposits, but 

their place within the global stratigraphic 

framework of 'snowball Earth' has remained 

unclear, owing to the complexity of superimposed 

Caledonian deformation and to the relatively 

inaccessible terrain in which they occur. 

Recently deglaciated exposures of the rocks 

now provide a more complete picture of the 

changing environment in which the diamictites 

were deposited, and new understanding 

of regional correlations help constrain their 

place in the global chronostratigraphy of the 

Cryogenian Period. The 2500 m thick Kapp 

Lyell Sequence consists of three distinct types 

of glaciomarine diamictite. The succession 

begins with about 1000 m of finely laminated 

diamictite containing abundant lonestones. 

The millimetre- to centimetre-scale laminae, 

apparent suspension deposits, consist of sandto 

silt-sized particles of quartz and dolomite 

alternating with thin films of graphitic phyllite. 

The laminated unit gives way abruptly to 500- 

1000 m of unsorted, unlayered diamictite that 

alternates and interfingers with graded beds of 

conglomerate to sandstone. These apparent 

turbidite deposits become increasingly prevalent 

toward the top of the exposed section. 

Regional lithostratigraphic relationships suggest 

that the Kapp Lyell sequence corresponds 

to the second major stage of Neoproterozoic 

glaciation at c. 635 Ma. The graphitic material 

in the laminated unit yields delta C-13 values 

in the range of 20 to -22 parts per thousand, 

pointing to a biogenic origin and an active 

marine biosphere at the time of deposition. 

The preservation of organic carbon and unusually 

large ratios of highly reactive Fe to 

total Fe suggest that low oxygen conditions 

prevailed in the deep basin that received these 

sediments. The transition from laminated, to 

unsorted, to graded diamictites may represent 

change from (1) a stable ice margin that released 

rare icebergs into a deep, quiet basin to 

(2) a collapsing ice sheet that unleashed flotillas 

of icebergs and large volumes of sediment 

to (3) submarine landslides that triggered turbidity 

flows from the rapidly deposited, gravitationally 

unstable sediments. The Kapp Lyell 

diamictite sequence appears to chronicle the 

demise of a large ice mass in this part of the 

Neoproterozoic world. 

2010040524 

武夷山地区前寒武纪地层沉积时代研究 = 

Precambrian geochronology and stratigraphy 

in the Wuyishan area, South China. ( 中文 ). 徐 

先兵 ; 张岳桥 ; 舒良树 ; 贾东 ; 王瑞瑞 ; 许怀智 . 

地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(3): 254-267 

武夷山地区前寒武纪地层出露范围大 , 目 

前对该地层的形成时代还存在着不同意 

见。新获得的武夷山地区前寒武纪地层的 4 

个锆石 La2ICPMS U2Pb 年龄数据 , 指示万 

全群的黄潭组和杜潭组分别形成于 746. 0 

±6. 2 Ma 和 825 ±18 Ma , 马面山群东岩组形 

成于 818 ±14 Ma , 麻源群大金山组的形成时 

间晚于 879 Ma 。通过岩性与形成时代对比 , 

认为武夷山地区新元古界的形成时间可以 

划分为三期 , 早期由麻源群大金山组和马面 

山群龙北溪组的陆源碎屑沉积岩构成 , 形成 

时限为 879 —825 Ma ; 中期包括麻源群南山 

组、马面山群东岩组和大岭组万全群和龙 

泉群 , 以及交溪组、迪口组和桃溪组下段 , 以 

火山岩 — 沉积岩系列为主 , 可以进一步分为 

两期 , 即 825 —800 Ma 和 751 —728 Ma; 晚 

期由原 “ 天井坪组 ” 主体、桃溪组上段以及 

楼子坝群下部的沉积岩组成 , 形成时限为 

620 —542 Ma 。根据武夷山地区前寒武纪 

地层的构造变形记录 , 前寒武纪地层主要记 

录了 3 期构造事件 , 分别为新元古代早期 

(900 —860 Ma) 的华夏地块与扬子板块的碰 

撞、新元古代末期 (728 —620 Ma) 的挤压构 

造事件以及加里东运动。 

2010040525 

南华系 ( Nanhuan) 建系研究的最新动态 = 

The latest trends in the establishment of the 

Nanhuan system/ period. ( 中文 ). 张启锐 . 地 

层学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 165-166 

古生界 

2010040526 

黔北凤岗硐卡拉奥陶系湄潭组中灰岩 : 典型 

的暖水相 = “Middle Member Limestone”of 

the Ordovician Meitan Formation in Dongkala, 

Fenggang, northern Guizhou,SW 

China :typical warm marine facies. ( 中文 ). 李 

启剑 ; 李越 ;Steve KERSHAW; 张园园 ; 邓小杰 . 

微体古生物学报 , 2010, 27(2): 150-158 2 图 

版 . 

黔北凤岗硐卡拉剖面下 — 中奥陶统湄潭 

组泥岩、粉砂岩中夹含一套 47. 5m 的连续 

灰岩建造 , 是区内迄今所测得厚度最大的 “ 中 

灰岩 ” 段。中灰岩的岩石学特征显示其成分 

多为分异度很高的生屑、鲕粒 ( 豆粒 ) 和核 

形石等 , 颗粒破碎程度偏高 , 丰度高时可达颗 

153

粒支撑 , 灰泥基质和亮晶方解石胶结均有。 

这些颗粒堆积形成中 — 高能带生屑、内碎 

屑浅滩 , 纵向上略显旋回 , 亦见两层较薄含瓶 

筐石格架的生物层。这些特征皆属浅海带 

暖水型沉积的标志 , 将该剖面的湄潭组中灰 

岩与之同期的大湾组和紫台组中的灰岩相 

比较 , 后者形成于偏深的相带 , 灰泥和泥级、 

粉砂级陆源碎屑含量高 , 也缺乏典型的暖水 

成因标志 , 故可推知扬子区陆表海的灰岩沉 

积相存在深度控制的海水温差分异现象。 

2010040527 

贵州剑河乌溜 — 曾家崖寒武系第 5 阶全球 

层型剖面及点位研究的新资料 = Recent 

quarrying across the proposed GSSP for stage 

5 ( Cambrian) at the Wuliu-Zengjiayan section, 

Guizhou, China. ( 中文 ). Frederick A. 

Sundberg; 赵元龙 ; 袁金良 ; 林日白 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2010, 34(3): 289-292 

贵州剑河八郎乌溜 — 曾家崖寒武系第 5 

阶底界潜在的全球层型剖面及点位上下的 

动物群 ( 三叶虫和无铰纲腕足类 ) 有显著的 

变化 ; 研究的剖面厚约 4. 5 m , 穿过首现点 

位 Oryctocephalus indicus 。经逐层化石 

的采集和深入的研究 , 证实在寒武系第 4 阶 

或寒武系第 2 统顶部 Ovatoryctocara 

granulata-Bathynotus holopygus 带与寒 

武系第 5 阶或寒武系第 3 统底部 

Oryctocephalus indicus 带之间大约有 

20cm 的贫化石间隔区。这一动物群的突变 

是在均一的岩相中发生的 , 表明该剖面是建 

立寒武系第 5 阶 ( 或第 3 统 ) 底界的全球层 

型剖面和点位 ( GSSP) 理想剖面。 

2010040528 

四川广元志留系 Ludlow 统的再研究兼论 

车家坝组的含义 = Restudy and definition of 

the Ludlow Chejiaba Formation of the Guangyuan 

area, Sichuan Province. ( 中文 ). 唐鹏 ; 

黄冰 ; 王成源 ; 徐洪河 ; 王怿 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2010, 34(3): 241-253 3 图版 . 

四川广元地区志留纪晚期地层曾被划分 

为金台观组、车家坝组和中间梁组 , 后被厘 

定合并为一个组 , 即车家坝组。通过对岩性 

组合特征和生物化石群面貌的分析 , 广元地 

区晚志留世地层在岩性、生物化石生物群 

面貌方面具有一致性 , 赞成将三组归入同一 

个岩石地层单元 ——— 车家坝组 , 代表近 

岸、正常浅海 ( 平均浪基面以上 ) 沉积 (BA2 

—BA3) 。对比分析表明 , 该组的牙形刺 

Ozarkodina crispa 应鉴定为 Ozarkodina 

snajdri 。这是 O. snajdri 牙形刺带在中 

国的首次报道。依据牙形刺化石 , 车家坝组 

的时代被修订为中 Ludlow 世晚期 — 晚 

Ludlow 世早期。该组上部发现几丁石 

Sphaerochitina sp . 组合 , 可与 O. snajdri 

牙形刺带和 bohemicus tenus-kozlowskii 

笔石带进行对比。 

2010040529 

塔里木板块巴楚隆起区寒武系盐下勘探潜 

力分析 = Exploration potential of the saltcapped 

Cambrian Strata in the Bachu High, 

Tarim Block, NW China. ( 中文 ). 蔡习尧 ; 李 

越 ; 钱一雄 ; 李启剑 ; 张园园 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2010, 34(3): 283-288 

巴楚隆起区主体部位的寒武系多为典型 

浅水局限台地蒸发相、潟湖相沉积 , 因此不 

存在与柯坪地块露头区玉尔吐斯组类似的 

黑色优质烃源岩 , 仅为含石膏泥质白云岩或 

白云质泥岩型烃源岩。生烃和排烃过程发 

生于加里东晚期 — 海西晚期 , 储层以微晶白 

云岩为主 , 残余颗粒白云岩次之。理想勘探 

区块位于潟湖边缘斜坡带及后期构造作用 

较强的断裂带 , 下部烃源岩与下 — 中寒武统 

盐岩 — 石膏层构成良好的储 — 盖组合 , 具备 

油气成藏基本条件。以巴什托 — 先巴扎构 

造带与康塔库木构造带、古董山构造带 — 

卡拉沙依构造带北段间夹区块、和田 1 井 

构造带最具优势勘探潜力。 

2010040530 

华南贵州罗甸纳水剖面宾夕法尼亚亚系各 

阶之界线 = Stage boundaries of the Pennsylvanian 

in the Nashui Section, Luodian of 

Guizhou, South China. ( 英文 ). 王志浩 ; 祁玉 

平 ; 王向东 . 微体古生物学报 , 2008, 25(3): 

205-214 

贵州罗甸纳水剖面是研究宾夕法尼亚亚 

系牙形刺和各阶界线的良好剖面。经详细 

研究 , 从石炭系中间界线至石炭 - 二叠系界线 , 

一个新的牙形刺序列为 Gnathodus bilineatus 

bollandensis ( 密西西比亚系顶 

部 ), Decl -inognathodus noduliferus, Idiognathoides 

sulcatus sulcatus , Id. sinuatus , 

Id. corrugatus -Id. pacificus, Neognathodus 

symmetricus, Idiognathodus 

primulus-Neognathodus symmet ricus, 

Idiognathodus primulus-Neognat hodus 

bassleri, Idiognathoides sulcatus 

parva, Streptognathodus expansus, 

Idiognathoides ouachitensis, Diplognathodus 

coloradoensis, Di. ellesmer- 

154

ensis, Gondolella donbassica-Go. 

clarki, Idiognathodus podolskensis, 

Swadelina subexcelsa, Sw. makhlina-S 

w . nodocarinata, Idiognathodus sagittalis, 

Streptognathodus cancellosus, 

St. gracilis, St. guizhouensis, 

Idiognathodus simulator, I. nashuiensis, 

Streptognathodus firmus, St. 

tenuialveus, St.wabaunsensis 和 St . 

isolatus ( 二叠系 ) 等带。 

Declinognathodus noduliferus 和 

Streptognathodus isolatus 的首次出现分 

别代表宾夕法尼亚亚系和二叠系之底 ; 

Diplognathodus ellesmerensis , Idiognathodus 

sagittalis 和 I . simulator 的 

首现则可分别代表莫斯科阶 (Moscovian) , 卡 

西莫夫阶 ( Kasimovian) 和格舍尔阶 ( Gzhelian) 

之底界。作者较为详细讨论了巴什基 

尔阶与莫斯科阶以及卡西莫夫阶与格舍尔 

阶之界线 , 并认为以 Diplognathodus 

ellesmerensis 的首现作为巴什基尔阶 

(Bashkirian) 与莫斯科阶之界线是目前最合 

适的标志。Diplognathodus ellesmerensis 

是一易于识别、分布广泛及层位稳定的 

牙形刺种 , 其产出又十分接近巴什基尔阶与 

莫斯科阶的传统界线 , 因此是划分此界线的 

良好标志。作者拟推荐纳水剖面为莫斯科 

阶底界之候选层型剖面 , 这一界线详细的工 

作正在大量采样分析和深入研究中 , 成果将 

在以后陆续发表。 

2010040531 

新疆柯坪二叠纪层状玄武岩的发育特征及 

其地质意义 = Distribution characters of Permian 

basalts and their geological significance 

in the Kalpin area, Xinjiang. ( 中文 ). 余星 ; 陈 

汉林 ; 杨树锋 ; 厉子龙 ; 王清华 ; 李兆恒 . 地层学 

杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 127-134 2 图版 . 

通过野外实地测量和遥感影像识别 , 并对 

不同剖面的发育状况进行了对比。新疆柯 

坪地区发育的二叠纪玄武岩共可分为 8 层 , 

包括库普库兹曼组 2 层和开派兹雷克组 6 

层。多层玄武岩是多期喷发作用的结果 , 每 

次喷发可以来自不同的岩浆房或火山通道 , 

但岩浆源区基本一致。每期喷发作用都具 

有一定的序列 , 先是稳定的熔岩流 , 发育柱状 

节理 , 往上则为致密块状玄武岩 , 在喷发末期 

发育火山角砾岩或凝灰岩。多期玄武岩浆 

喷发作用 , 指示了该区二叠纪玄武岩的岩浆 

房经历了 “ 积聚 — 喷发 — 再积聚 — 再喷发 ” 

的过程 , 而熔融岩浆的源区则经历了不断 “ 部 

分熔融 ” 和 “ 岩浆抽提 ” 的过程。 

2010040532 

塔里木盆地大坂塔格奥陶系地层层序及沉 

积演化 = Ordovician sequence stratigraphy 

and sedimentology in the Dabantage area, 

Tarim Basin. ( 中文 ). 郭峰 ; 赖生华 ; 郭岭 . 地层 

学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 135-144 

塔里木盆地大坂塔格 — 一间房奥陶系剖 

面自下而上可划分为蓬莱坝组、鹰山组、 

一间房组、吐木休克组和良里塔格组 , 下与 

寒武系下丘里塔格组整合接触 , 顶部出露不 

全 , 为第四系覆盖。该剖面由下至上可以识 

别出 6 个三级层序 , 每个层序由海侵体系域 

和高水位体系域构成 , 缺少低水位体系域 , 密 

集段由深灰色 — 灰色泥质灰岩、泥晶灰岩 

等组成。碳酸盐台地为本区典型沉积 , 海平 

面升降变化是控制该区沉积相发育和分布 

的主要因素。 

2010040533 

湖南张家界地区志留纪晚期地层新见兼论 

小溪组的时代 = On the late Silurian stratigraphy 

of the Zhangjiajie area, Hunan Province,with 

a discussion on age of the Xiaoxi 

Formation. ( 中文 ). 王怿 ; 戎嘉余 ; 徐洪河 ; 王成 

源 ; 王根贤 . 地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 113- 

126 

就华南板块而言 , 志留纪晚期 (Ludlow 

世 —Pridoli 世 ) 近岸浅海、非笔石相地层多 

分布在边缘海湾处 , 是否在扬子地台内部发 

育 , 以往尚无确凿记载。依据来自湘西北张 

家界 — 桑植地区新近发现的微体化石 ( 主要 

指植物碎片 ) , 确认志留纪晚期地层在扬子 

地台内部确实存在。对原小溪组 ( 又称小溪 

峪组 ) 进行厘定 , 将它 “ 一分为二 ”: 上部仍称 

小溪组 , 命名地在桑植瑞塔铺 , 发育最好的是 

张家界温塘剖面 , 岩性为黄绿色碎屑岩 , 富含 

大型虫管遗迹化石 , 时代为 Ludlow 晚期 — 

Pridoli 早期 ; 下部称迴星哨组 , 归于 

Llandovery 统 Telychian 阶上部。小溪组与 

迴星哨组之间为假整合接触 , 缺失 Telychian 

末期、Wenlock 世和 Ludlow 世早期地层。 

由此得出结论 : 在 “ 扬子升 ” 后 , 扬子地台内部 

曾被志留纪晚期的海水侵漫 ; 对其他地区迴 

星哨组与上覆地层的研究需要细化。 

2010040534 

鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组层序地层格 

架研究 ——— 兼论陆表海沉积作用和早期 

成岩作用对相对海平面变化的响应 = Sequence 

stratigraphy of the Majiagou Forma- 

155

tion, Ordos Basin:sedimentation and early 

Diagenesis related to eustatic sea - level 

changes. ( 中文 ). 雷卞军 ; 付金华 ; 孙粉锦 ; 王勇 ; 

王身建 . 地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 145-153 

在论述马家沟组三级层序地层成因的基 

础上 , 重新厘定了鄂尔多斯盆地马家沟组层 

序地层格架。马家沟组马一段至马五段划 

分为 4 个三级层序 , 除了 Sq1 为 Ⅰ 型层序之 

外 ,Sq2 、Sq3 、Sq4 都是 Ⅱ 型层序。在陆架 

内 Sq1 和 Sq4 由 TST 和 HST 构成 ;Sq2 、 

Sq3 由 TST、HST 和 ISLST 构成。TST 以 

正常盐度浅海中形成的生物灰岩和泥晶灰 

岩为特征 ,HST 以准同生期近地表的略为咸 

化海水成因的泥晶 — 细粉晶白云岩为特征 , 

陆架内低水位体系域 ( ISLST) 由陆架内盐 

湖形成的巨厚的蒸发岩系构成。ISLST 和 

HST 在空间分布上和成因上是密切相关的 , 

ISLST 置于 Ⅱ 型层序的顶部或者近顶部比 

较合理。传统的层序地层学将层序界面置 

于高水位体系域与低水位体系域之间 , 在此 

建议将层序界面置于低水位体系域与海侵 

体系域之间的海侵面。编制了层序 3 的海 

侵体系域、高水位体系域、低水位体系域 

全盆地层序古地理略图。 

2010040535 

中奥陶统和第三阶 ( 大坪阶 ) 底界的全球 

界线层型剖面和点位 (GSSP) = The Global 

Stratotype Section and Point for the base of 

the Middle Ordovician Series and the Third 

Stage (Dapingian). ( 英文 ). Wang Xiaofeng; 

Stouge S; Chen Xiaohong; Li Zhihong; Wang 

Chuanshang; Finney S C et all.. Episodes, 

2009, 32(2): 96-113 

The Huanghuachang section near Yichang, 

southern China was successively approved by 

ISOS, recognized by ICS and then officially 

ratified as being the Global Stratotype Section 

and point (GSSP) for the base of the Middle 

Ordovician Series and the Third Stage, named 

as Dapingian, of the Ordovician System. The 

conodont succession at the section is complete 

across the Lower to Middle Ordovician series 

boundary and several excellent phylogenetic 

lineages of Baltoniodus, Gothodus, Microzarkodina 

and Periodon are represented. The 

base of the Middle Ordovician Series and the 

Daping Stage is defined at a point 10.57 m 

above the base of the Dawan Formation at the 

base of Bed SHod-16 of the Huanghuachang 

section, 22km NE of Yichang City, Hubei 

Province, South China. It coincides with the 

first appearance datum (FAD) of the conodont 

species Baltoniodus triangularis within the 

Baltoniodus lineage starting from Baltoniodus 

cf. B. triangularis to Baltoniodus navis. It is 

associated with the FAD of Periodon sp. A 

and followed closely by the FAD of Microzarkodina 

flabellum, which is taken as a reasonable 

proxy for the boundary. This level 

approximates the boundary between the lower 

and upper Azygograptus suecicus graptolite 

Biozone, and nearly coincides with the base of 

the Belonechitina cf. henryi chitinozoan Biozone. 

The same faunal succession is also recorded 

from the Chenjiahe section, near Daping 

village, 5 km to the north of the 

Huanghuachang section. 

The proposed boundary level, which has 

long been used in other important Ordovician 

successions worldwide, can be easily recognized 

and correlated globally with high precision 

in both relatively shallow-water carbonate 

facies as well as in deep-water graptolite 

facies. Its geographic coordinates are: latitude 

30 degrees 51'37.8 '' N; Longitude 110 degrees 

22'26.5 '' E of Greenwich. 

2010040536 

爱尔兰西部加里东造山带奥陶纪地层的修 

订及大地构造模式 = A revision of the Ordovician 

stratigraphy for the western Ireland 

Caledonides and implications for tectonic 

models.. ( 英文 ). Ryan K M; Williams D M; 

Coleman D S; Loewy S. Geological Journal, 

2010, 45(4): 467–480 

The western Ireland Ordovician stratigraphy 

has been previously used to constrain the 

timing of docking of an island arc and its forearc 

basin with the margin of Laurentia for the 

British and Irish Caledonides. New field relationships 

and age data indicate that one of the 

key formations, the Rosroe Formation (459.2 

± 0.8 and 465.1 ± 2.1 Ma), and its supposed 

lateral equivalent, the Maumtrasna Formation 

are younger than previously interpreted. New 

age data for a tuff band in the Maumtrasna 

Formation (468.9 ± 1.3 Ma) also support 

previous studies showing it can be correlated 

to the adjacent Mweelrea Formation. The new 

field evidence, age data and geochemistry 

contradict some previous studies and show 

that the Maumtrasna, Rosroe and Derrylea 

formations can no longer be considered lateral 

equivalents. Based on the new stratigraphy a 

revised tectonic model is required with sedimentation 

in this part of the Caledonides taking 

place in a fore-arc basin outboard of a continental 

arc and the oceanic arc was an alongstrike 

equivalent of this arc situated in an embayment 

of the Laurentian margin. 

156

2010040537 

通过高分辨率综合牙形石、笔石和碳同位 

素生物化学地层跨越志留系兰多维列世 - 温 

洛克世界线测试古生代年代地层对比的限 

度 = Testing the limits of Paleozoic 

chronostratigraphic correlation via highresolution 

(Geological Society of America 

Bulletin, 2010, 122(9-10): 1700-1716 

The resolution and fidelity of global 

chronostratigraphic correlation are direct functions 

of the time period under consideration. 

By virtue of deep-ocean cores and astrochronology, 

the Cenozoic and Mesozoic time 

scales carry error bars of a few thousand years 

(k.y.) to a few hundred k.y. In contrast, most 

of the Paleozoic time scale carries error bars of 

plus or minus a few million years (m.y.), and 

chronostratigraphic control better than ±1 m.y. 

is considered "high resolution." The general 

lack of Paleozoic abyssal sediments and paucity 

of orbitally tuned Paleozoic data series 

combined with the relative incompleteness of 

the Paleozoic stratigraphic record have proven 

historically to be such an obstacle to intercontinental 

chronostratigraphic correlation that 

resolving the Paleozoic time scale to the level 

achieved during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic 

was viewed as impractical, impossible, or both. 

Here, we utilize integrated graptolite, conodont, 

and carbonate carbon isotope ( 13 C carb ) 

data from three paleocontinents (Baltica, Avalonia, 

and Laurentia) to demonstrate 

chronostratigraphic control for upper Llandovery 

through middle Wenlock (Telychian– 

Sheinwoodian, 436–426 Ma) strata with a 

resolution of a few hundred k.y. The interval 

surrounding the base of the Wenlock Series 

can now be correlated globally with precision 

approaching 100 k.y., but some intervals (e.g., 

uppermost Telychian and upper Sheinwoodian) 

are either yet to be studied in sufficient detail 

or do not show sufficient biologic speciation 

and/or extinction or carbon isotopic features to 

delineate such small time slices. Although 

producing such resolution during the Paleozoic 

presents an array of challenges unique to 

the era, we have begun to demonstrate that 

erecting a Paleozoic time scale comparable to 

that of younger eras is achievable. 

2010040538 

华南扬子地块奥陶纪最晚期大尺度气候波 

动 = Large-scale climatic fluctuations in the 

latest Ordovician on the Yangtze block, south 

China. ( 英文 ). Yan Detian; Chen Daizhao; 

Wang Qingchen; Wang Jianguo. Geology, 

2010, 38(7): 599-602 

The Ordovician-Silurian transition was a 

critical interval in Earth's history marked by 

dramatic climatic, oceanic, and biological 

turnovers. Here we present the chemical index 

of alteration (CIA) as a proxy of changes in 

intensity of chemical weathering, and its variations 

across the Ordovician-Silurian boundaries 

(Wufeng through Guanyinqiao, to Longmaxi 

Formations) from Wangjiawan and Nanbazi 

on the Yangtze block, south China, in 

order to explore the climatic changes. Our data 

show that the CIA values of sediments commonly 

range from 75 to 90 in the Wufeng and 

Longmaxi Formations, indicating a high degree 

of chemical weathering and thus a hot 

and humid climate during deposition. In contrast, 

a sharp drop in CIA values (most 60–70) 

in the Guanyinqiao Formation (or Hirnantian) 

suggests an overall cold and arid climate, interrupted 

by several intervals of warm climate 

when deposited. The temporal coincidence of 

two phases of massive biotic extinctions with 

the beginning and end of the cold climate epoch, 

respectively, suggests that the large climatic 

changes could be one of the main controls 

on the mass extinctions, although other 

factors may also have played a role. 

2010040539 

瑞典中部凯迪期 ( 奥陶纪 ) 碳酸盐灰泥 

丘、砾岩及海平面历史 = Carbonate mud 

mounds, conglomerates, and sea-level history 

in the Katian (Upper Ordovician) of central 

Sweden. ( 英文 ). Calner M; Lehnert O; 

Joachimski M. Facies, 2010, 56(1): 157-172 

The Katian (Upper Ordovician) facies succession 

of the Siljan district, central Sweden, 

records some of the most prominent environmental 

changes in the Ordovician of Baltoscandia. 

These changes include two separate 

phases of major sea-level drawdown that were 

of basinwide and presumably global importance. 

The first regression and lowstand terminated 

an entire generation of carbonate mud 

mounds (the Kullsberg Limestone) and resulted 

in the formation of polymict carbonate 

conglomerates (Skålberg Limestone) belonging 

to the Amorphognathus superbus Zone. 

New stable isotope data from the Amtjärn 

quarry shows that this is immediately after the 

peak of the Guttenberg Carbon Isotope Excursion 

(GICE), which reaches a δ13C peak value 

at 3.3‰ in the uppermost Amorphognathus 

tvaerensis Conodont Zone. A second major 

regression and sea-level lowstand is mani- 

157

fested by palaeokarst morphologies in the 

Slandrom Limestone, which formed close in 

time to the comparably minor Waynesville 

positive carbon excursion in the basal 

Amorphognathus ordovicicus Conodont Zone. 

The widespread exposure associated with this 

latter lowstand terminated carbonate production 

in much of the basin, and, during the subsequent 

flooding, organic-rich, graptolitic 

shale formed across most of Baltoscandia. The 

two corresponding sequence boundaries are 

amalgamated at the top of truncated carbonate 

mud mounds in the Siljan district, resulting in 

a pronounced Middle Katian hiatus in the immediate 

mound areas. 

2010040540 

中东 ( 伊朗和阿曼北部 ) 二叠纪三叠纪界 

线间隔带 : 从详细的碳酸盐碳同位素海相 

曲线和沉积演化得出的渐进的环境变化 = 

Permian–Triassic boundary interval in the 

Middle East (Iran and N. Oman): Progressive 

environmental change from detailed carbonate 

carbon isotope marine curve and sedimentary 

evolution. ( 英文 ). Richoz S; Krystyn L; Baud 

A; Brandner R; Horacek M; Mohtat-Aghai P. 

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2010, 39(4): 

236-253 

The end Permian negative δ 13 C excursion is 

well known but its cause and chronology are 

still in question. In an attempt to decipher the 

timing and reasons for this strong decrease, 

we established high-resolution sedimentological, 

biostratigraphical and carbonate carbon 

isotopic studies in four sections in Iran 

(Abadeh, Shareeza, Zal and Djulfa) and two in 

Oman (Wadi Sahtan). The position of the sections 

on two different margins of the Neotethys 

has allowed us to distinguish between 

local and global signals. This high-resolution 

chemostratigraphy, tested for isochrony on the 

basis of an updated high-resolution conodont 

and ammonoid biostratigraphy, allows the discrimination 

of nine successive isotopic events 

(IE 0–8) for the Permian–Triassic Boundary 

Interval (PTBI). The negative excursion of the 

PTBI has been separated into four distinct 

parts. A first drop (IE 0) occurs in the Late 

Wuchiapingian with an amplitude of around 

1.3‰. A second decrease begins (IE 1–2) at 

the base of the Dzhulfites ammonoid beds 

(Changhsingian) and continues gradually until 

the extinction event (top jolfensis conodont 

interval, without important second-order 

variations. Its amplitude varies between 1.5‰ 

and 2.8‰ and its duration has been estimated 

around 2.2 Ma, revealing a non-catastrophic 

phenomenon. The lower meishanensis– 

praeparvus conodont Zone records stationary 

to slightly increasing values (IE 3). The interval 

of the curve after the extinction event, between 

the upper meishanensis–praeparvus 

Zone and the base of the I. isarcica Zone, records 

numerous second-order variations (IE 

4–7). Its amplitude is of 1.2–3.1‰. These second-order 

variations are correlatable in Iran 

but with some uncertainty with Oman. Poor 

correlation of these small peaks with others 

published sections might be due to a higher 

sensitivity to local perturbations and a lower 

buffer capacity of the whole ocean. We assume 

that the processes leading to the extinction 

event also caused the isotopic decrease 

before the extinction level with a maximal 

amplitude of only 2.8‰. This allows consideration 

of some possible mechanisms that 

were rejected as unrealistic to cause a 4–6‰ 

excursion. 

中生界 

2010040541 

Pergamidia 在川西昌台纳楞海三叠系的发 

现及时代意义 = The discovery of Late Triassic 

pergamidia in Nalenghai ,Changtai area of 

western Sichuan and its biostratigraphic significance. 

( 中文 ). 庞艳春 ; 王新利 ; 王晓宇 . 地 

层学杂志 , 2010, 34(3): 298-302 

对于 Pergamidia 的时代 , 一直存在不同的 

观点 : 多数人认为它是诺利克期的典型化石 , 

但也有认为其时代为卡尼克期至诺利克期 , 

以 Pergamidia 为主的化石组合则出现在诺 

利克期。在四川西部昌台地区的纳楞海 — 

国营种畜场剖面中 , 产出了大量的双壳类化 

石 , 包括前人发现的双壳分子组合 Halobia 

yunnanensis-Halobia pluriradiata ( Hy-Hp 组 

合 ) 及本次观测纳楞海剖面时采集的以 

Pergamidia 属的分子为主的新化石组合 , 由 

Pergamidia eumenea , Pergami dia attalea , 

Pergamidia timorensis , Pergami dia eumenea 

hoqingensis 等组成。新化石组合在该剖面 

中的层位位于 Hy-Hp 组合的底部 , 资料证实 

Hy-Hp 组合为卡尼克中、晚期典型化石组 

合。区域上的 Pergamidia 时代延限为卡尼 

克期 — 诺利克期 , 以 Pergamidia 属为主的双 

壳类化石组合面貌既可以出现于诺利克期 

也可出现在卡尼克期 ; 川西昌台地区的 

Pergami dia 在具有酸性火山活动末期的环 

境中聚集、繁盛 , 并从纳楞海开始向周围环 

境扩散。 

2010040542 

158

安徽宁国胡乐地区奥陶系层序地层学初探 

= Preliminary study of the Ordovician sequence 

stratigraphy in the Hule area of Ningguo, 

Anhui. ( 中文 ). 宫维莉 ; 毕治国 ; 姜立富 ; 

齐敦伦 . 地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(3): 321-327 1 

图版 . 

宁国市胡乐镇鸿门 — 将军岭段新开公路 

旁奥陶系宁国组出露完好 , 通过对该段地层 

进行连续观察和分析研究 , 发现存在 Ⅱ 型不 

整合面、海侵面、最大海泛面等重要的地 

层界面 , 以及鲍玛序列、复理石建造等典型 

的沉积特征。根据海平面变化、地壳沉降 

和沉积物补给关系 , 采用基本层序调查方法 , 

将该区奥陶纪地层层序划分为 A、B、C、 

D、E 5 个层序。其中只有 2 个 (C、E) 为完 

整层序 , 其余 3 个 (A、B、D) 为不完整层 

序。研究表明 , 该地区奥陶系为深水盆地沉 

积 , 纵向岩性变化小 , 多数缺失低水位沉积 , 反 

映当时海平面升降变化幅度较小 , 但节奏性 

的韵律变化仍较明显。 

2010040543 

二连盆地白音查干凹陷下白垩统都红木组 

沉积特征及演化 = Sedimentary characteristics 

and evolution of Lower Cretaceous Duhongmu 

Formation in Baiyinchagan 

Sag,Erlian Basin in Inner Mongolia. ( 中文 ). 

张志萍 ; 林春明 ; 徐深谋 ; 李艳丽 ; 岳信东 ; 姚玉 

来 ; 漆滨汶 . 地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(3): 303- 

311 

通过详细的岩芯观察、录测井资料分析 , 

并结合区域地质资料和前人研究成果 , 对白 

音查干凹陷下白垩统都红木组的沉积相特 

征和沉积演化进行了深入研究。结果表明 , 

白音查干凹陷主要发育扇三角洲相、辫状 

河三角洲相、浊积扇相和湖泊相 4 种沉积 

相类型。其中 , 扇三角洲和浊积扇在陡峭的 

北坡发育 , 辫状河三角洲在宽缓的南坡沉积 , 

湖泊相分布在扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲的 

侧翼及凹陷的中心。都红木组沉积时期白 

音查干凹陷处于强裂陷向坳陷转化阶段。 

根据残留地层分布特征 , 其沉积演化可分为 

早、中、晚 3 个时期 , 从早期至晚期 , 扇三角 

洲和辫状河三角洲的面积不断缩小 , 分别后 

退了约 3km 和 4211km , 湖泊沉积成为主 

体。 

2010040544 

三叠纪嘉陵江期华蓥山同沉积断层的沉 

积、储层响应 = Syndepositional tectonic 

activities in the Huayingshan fracture belt during 

the Triassic Jialing River phase and its 

impact on sedimentation and reservoir development. 

( 中文 ). 刘宏 ; 孙振 ; 李卓沛 ; 李凌 ; 聂 

勇 ; 吴家杰 ; 周小刚 ; 谭秀成 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2010, 34(3): 312-320 

对于断裂带在地质历史时期活动特点的 

认识 , 因多期次、不同活动性质的叠加改造 

而难以确定。以四川盆地南部嘉陵江组为 

例 , 通过三叠纪嘉陵江期华蓥山断裂带两侧 

的沉积、储层的研究发现沉积、储层响应 

与断面倾向南东、东侧下降的观点矛盾。 

主要表现为 : 在非浅滩化的嘉三期 , 紧邻断裂 

带西北侧的下降盘地层异常增厚 ; 浅滩化的 

嘉一晚期 — 嘉二 1 期 , 东南侧的泸州古隆起 

地区颗粒岩累计厚度较西北侧增厚 ; 另外 , 断 

层东南侧的颗粒岩发育早期岩溶型储层 , 而 

在西北侧这类储层欠发育。结果表明在三 

叠纪嘉陵江期华蓥山断裂带的断面倾向北 

西 , 为西侧下降的同沉积正断层。 

2010040545 

四川蒲江 — 雅安地区自流井组地层特征及 

沉积相 = Stratigraphic character and sedimentary 

facies of the Ziliujing Formation in 

the Pujian-Ya'an area, Sichuan Provience. ( 中 

文 ). 文芠 ; 赵兵 . 地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 

219-224 

在雅安沙坪自流井组实测地层剖面的基 

础上 , 讨论了四川蒲江 — 雅安地区自流井组 

的岩石地层、接触关系及岩性岩相的横向 

变化规律。认为自流井组主要为一套湖 

泊 — 湖泊三角洲沉积 , 组成一个完整的长期 

基准面旋回层序 , 在自流井组中建立了一个 

双壳类即 Pseudocardinia ovalis- 

Pseudocardinia cf . submagna 组合 , 根据化 

石组合及地层关系将自流井组的年代地层 

归属于下侏罗统。 

2010040546 

四川盆地包界地区须家河组层序界面特征 

= Sequence boundary characteristics of the 

Xujiahe Formation in the Baojie area of Sichuan 

Basin. ( 中文 ). 刘建锋 ; 彭军 ; 刘金库 ; 熊 

超 ; 何江 ; 黄亮 . 地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 207- 

211 

层序地层学研究最关键的是对层序界面 

的识别。以四川盆地包界地区须家河组为 

例 , 综合应用野外露头、钻井岩芯、测井曲 

线、地震剖面等资料 , 识别出 4 种类型的层 

序界面 , 它们分别是 : 冲刷面、岩性岩相转换 

面、古风化壳、沉积结构转换面。并阐述 

了研究区层序界面在钻井岩芯、野外露 

头、测井曲线、地震剖面上的特征、识别 

159

标志和表现形式。这一研究成果对于正确 

划分研究区须家河组层序具有重要意义。 

2010040547 

陕北地区侏罗系层序地层与油气聚集关系 

= Relation of sequence stratigraphy and oilgas 

accumulation of the Jurassic in the northern 

Shaanxi. ( 中文 ). 郭顺 ; 王震亮 ; 闫继福 . 地 

层学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 212-218 

在现代沉积学和层序地层学理论的指导 

下 , 综合利用沉积环境标志、露头剖面、岩 

芯、录井、测井、地震和古生物等资料 , 通 

过层序界面的识别和划分 , 认为鄂尔多斯盆 

地东南部侏罗系划分为 6 个三级沉积层序 

更为合理。根据侏罗系旋回特征和体系域 

的发育情况 , 分析了沉积旋回的边界及演化 

特征和层序对侏罗系生储盖配置关系的控 

制作用。认为主要储层位于延安组底部的 

第一个长期旋回 LSC2 中 , 是位于水进体系 

域 ( TST) 的河道亚相砂岩 , 盖层则是位于水 

进体系域之上的河道泛滥平原沉积的泥岩 , 

与三叠系层序中的生油岩构成下生上储式 

组合 , 与侏罗系层序中河道间泛滥平原亚相 

的泥质沉积形成自生自储式组合。 

2010040548 

陕北地区延长组标志层特征及形成机制 = 

Characteristics and deposition of marker beds 

in the Yanchang Formation of the northern 

Shaanxi. ( 中文 ). 庞军刚 ; 李文厚 ; 陈全红 . 地 

层学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 173-178 

运用传统沉积学方法及层序地层学理论 , 

在大量的钻井、野外露头资料基础上 , 系统 

分析陕北地区延长组地层划分标志层的岩 

性、电性特征 , 表明区域性油页岩标志层形 

成于延长组 5 个 3 级层序的最大湖泛期 , 具 

有 “ 凝缩段 ” 的特征 , 而凝灰岩标志层为火山 

喷发物质。这些标志层受沉积相横向变化 

的影响 , 主要分布在深湖亚相 , 部分分布在浅 

湖亚相。在不同沉积相形成的标志层的岩 

性特征、电性特征及平面分布均有一定的 

差异。地层划分对比过程中可用标志层控 

制、邻井对比并参考厚度原则的方法来确 

保划分的合理性。 

2010040549 

山东省中生代地层分区、划分与对比 = The 

division and correlation of the Mesozoic 

stratigraphic subregions in Shandong Province. 

( 中文 ). 李守军 ; 贺淼 ; 杨犇 ; 陈法彬 ; 姚秋卉 . 

地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 167-172 

山东省中生代地层研究成果较多 , 但仍存 

在一些混乱。根据地层发育特征 , 本文首先 

将山东省中生代地层新划分为鲁西地层分 

区、鲁东地层分区和沂沭断裂带地层分区 3 

个分区 ; 然后对三叠系、侏罗系和白垩系的 

岩石地层单位进行了划分和对比 , 提出了新 

的地层划分和对比方案 , 并对鲁西地层分区 

白垩纪的岩石地层特征做了说明 , 以方便今 

后使用 

2010040550 

加拿大艾伯塔南部马斯特里赫特期上 

Horseshoe Canyon 组 Albertosaurus 骨层 

的地层、沉积和埋葬 = Stratigraphy, sedimentology, 

and taphonomy of the Albertosaurus 

bonebed (upper Horseshoe Canyon Formation; 

Maastrichtian), southern Alberta, Canada. 

( 英文 ). Eberth D A; Currie P J. Canadian 

Journal of Earth Sciences, 2010, 47(9): 1119- 

1143 

The Albertosaurus bonebed provides evidence 

for the mass-mortality of at least 12 Albertosaurus. 

Albertosaurus, other vertebrates, 

and trees are concentrated on upper point bar 

surfaces of a small meandering paleochannel. 

Throughout the field area, Albertosaurus, 

other vertebrates, and coalified plants are also 

preserved patchily in overbank mudstones at 

the same horizon. Although the bonebed is 

dominated by Albertosaurus, there are also 

sparse macrofossil remains of Hypacrosaurus 

and Albertonykus. The basal lag yields vertebrate 

microfossils containing at least 19 additional 

taxa. Freshwater invertebrates are preserved 

at and below the base of the paleochannel. 

Large elements are over represented 

at the site, whereas smaller elements are under 

represented, suggesting hydraulic sorting. The 

taphonomic signature of the site suggests that 

death, disarticulation, and burial took place 

within one year. We conclude that one or 

more storms of large intensity downed trees 

and temporarily drowned the paleolandscape, 

ultimately killing the tyrannosaurids directly 

or indirectly. Logs and carcasses were reworked 

on a point bar during the waning 

stages of the storm and over subsequent years. 

Scavenging and breakage of remains by large 

carnivores was probably inhibited by the 

mixed log and bone jam. Remains of smaller 

scavengers (small theropods and snails) are 

plentiful suggesting these forms were more 

successful at accessing remains. Juvenile Albertosaurus 

are under represented at the site 

suggesting the possibility of age segregation. 

Because the group of Albertosaurus may have 

160

een forced together by rising floodwaters, it 

is not possible to assess the degree to which 

the taxon was gregarious from these data 

alone. 

2010040551 

加拿大艾伯塔马斯特里赫特早期冷气候组 

合中上 Horseshoe Canyon 组动物群组合以 

及 Albertosaurus sarcophagus 骨层 = Faunal 

assemblages from the upper Horseshoe 

Canyon Formation, an early Maastrichtian 

cool-climate assemblage from Alberta, with 

special reference to the Albertosaurus sarcophagus 

bonebed. ( 英文 ). Larson D W; 

Brinkman D B; Bell P R. Canadian Journal of 

Earth Sciences, 2010, 47(9): 1159–1181 

The faunal assemblage from the early 

Maastrichtian portion of the Horseshoe Canyon 

Formation is described on the basis of 

four new vertebrate microfossil localities and 

remains from the Albertosaurus bonebed. All 

of the localities sampled were deposited during 

a cool, dry climate at a palaeolatitude of 

~58°N. Thus, these assemblages provide insight 

into a northern cool-climate assemblage 

in the early Maastrichtian of western North 

America. This fauna is characterized by the 

presence of taxa with more northern affinities, 

such as Holostean A, champsosaurs, Troodon, 

and toothed birds. Warm-climate taxa, such as 

crocodylians, large and diverse turtles, and 

albanerpetontids are notable in their absence. 

The Albertosaurus bonebed locality at the top 

of unit 4 of the Horseshoe Canyon Formation 

was deposited during the initial stages of a 

trend to a warmer and wetter climate that is 

represented in unit 5. The bonebed shares 

many taxa with the underlying vertebrate microfossil 

localities. However, a notable difference 

is the presence of Atrociraptor marshalli 

from the Albertosaurus bonebed but not the 

other localities in the upper Horseshoe Canyon 

Formation. The presence of Atrociraptor 

may be attributable to this change in climate 

rather than local ecological conditions. Also, 

the assemblages are different in the paucity of 

fish remains in the bonebed, and the relative 

rarity of shed hadrosaur teeth. The low abundance 

of aquatic taxa and rarity of shed teeth 

of hadrosaurs indicate that the locality is 

largely autochthonous, with little material being 

transported into the site. 

2010040552 

西班牙 Almonacid de la Cuba 剖面早侏罗 

世土阿辛阶底部 . 菊石生物地层、磁性地层 

和同位素地层 = The base of the Toarcian 

(Early Jurassic) in the Almonacid de la Cuba 

section (Spain). Ammonite biostratigraphy, 

magnetostratigraphy and isotope stratigraphy. 

( 英文 ). Comas-Rengifo M J;Gomez J J;Goy 

A;Osete M L;Palencia-Ortas A. Episodes, 

2010, 33(1): 15-22 

The Almonacid de la Cuba section, located 

in the Iberian Range, in central-eastern Spain, 

contains an outstanding record of the Pliensbachian-Toarcian 

boundary (Early Jurassic). 

Four ammonite assemblages, characterized 

respectively by the presence of Pleuroceras, 

Canavaria, Dactylioceras (Eodactylites) and 

Dactylioceras (Orthodactyhtes) have been distinguished. 

The base of the Toarcian is located 

at level CU35.2, based on the first occurrence 

of Dactylioceras. The presence of Boreal and 

Mediterranean taxa allows correlation between 

both bioprovinces. Magnetostratigraphy 

shows the most complete record of reversals 

of the Earth magnetic field for the base of 

Toarcian. The onset of the positive delta C-13 

excursion which has been found in the Toarcian 

of several sections in Europe has been 

recorded. Average paleotemperatures for the 

latest Pliensbachian Spinatum Zone was about 

12.5 degrees. Seawater temperature rise during 

the lowermost Toarcian, reaching average 

temperatures of 16.7 degrees C at the Tenuicostatum 

Zone. The Sr-87/Sr-86 curve fits 

with the LOWESS calibration curve. 

2010040553 

法国东南部 Ravin du Bes 剖面中侏罗世巴 

通阶底部为全球界线层型剖面和点位 

(GSSP) = The Global Boundary Stratotype 

Section and Point (GSSP) for base of the Bathonian 

Stage (Middle Jurassic), Ravin du Bes 

Section, SE France. ( 英文 ). Fernandez-Lopez 

S R; Pavia G; Erba E; Guiomar M; Henriques 

M H; Lanza R; Mangold C; Morton N; 

Olivero D; Tiraboschi D. Episodes, 2009, 

32(4): 222-248 

The Bathonian GSSP is defined at the base 

of limestone bed RB071 in the Ravin du Bes 

Section, Bas-Auran area, southern Subalpine 

Chains (France). This section satisfies most of 

the requirements recommended by the International 

Commission on Stratigraphy. The exposure 

extends over 13 m in thickness. No vertical 

biofacies, ichnofacies or taphofacies 

changes, stratigraphic gaps or hiatuses have 

been recorded at the Bajocian-Bathonian transition. 

Structural complexity, synsedimentary 

and tectonic disturbances, or important alterations 

by metamorphism are not relevant constraints. 

There is a well-preserved, abundant 

161

and diverse fossil record, with key markers 

(ammonites and nannofossils). The base of 

Bathonian Stage and Zigzag Zone corresponds 

to the first occurrence level of Gonolkites 

convergens Buckman that coincides with the 

first occurrence of Morphoceras parvum Wetzel. 

Calcareous nannofossils are present in all 

beds. The GSSP is below the Tethyan calcareous 

nannofossil NJT10b/11 zonal boundary 

(lowest Watznaueria barnesiae) and above the 

Boreal nannofossil NJ10/11 boundary (lowest 

Pseudoconus enigma). Regional analyses of 

sequence stratigraphy and manganese 

chemostratigraphy are available. Spectral 

gamma-ray data corroborate interpretation of 

an Early Bathonian deepening half-cycle of 

second order The criteria of accessibility, conservation 

and protection are assured by the 

"Reserve Naturelle Geologique de Haute 

Provence". The Cabo Mondego Section (Portugal) 

is the Bathonian auxiliary section and 

point (ASSP). The proposal was voted by the 

Bathonian Working Group in December, 2007, 

and by the International Subcommission on 

Jurassic Stratigraphy in March, 2008, approved 

by the ICS in June 2008, and ratified 

by the JUGS in July, 2008. 

2010040554 

跨越二叠纪三叠纪界线的碳同位素地层 : 

评述 = Carbon-isotope stratigraphy across the 

Permian–Triassic boundary: A review. ( 英文 ). 

Kortea C; Kozur H W. Journal of Asian Earth 

Sciences, 2010, 39(4): 215-235 

The Palaeozoic–Mesozoic transition is 

marked by distinct perturbations in the global 

carbon cycle resulting in a prominent negative 

carbon-isotope excursion at the Permian– 

Triassic (P–T) boundary, well known from a 

plethora of marine and continental sediments. 

Potential causes for this negative δ 13 C trend 

(and their links to the latest Permian mass extinction) 

have been intensively debated in the 

literature. In order to draw conclusions regarding 

causation, a general δ 13 C curve was defined 

after consideration of all available datasets 

and with due reference to the biostratigraphic 

background. The most important features 

of the P–T carbon-isotope trend are the 

following: the 4–7‰ δ 13 C decline (lasting 

500,000 years) is gradual and began in the 

Changhsingian at the stratigraphic level of the 

C. bachmanni Zone. The decreasing trend is 

interrupted by a short-term positive event that 

starts at about the latest Permian low-latitude 

marine main extinction event horizon (=EH), 

indicating that the extinction itself cannot 

have caused the negative carbon-isotope excursion. 

After this short-term positive excursion, 

the δ 13 C decline continues to a first 

minimum at about the P–T boundary. A subsequent 

slight increase is followed by a second 

(occasionally two-peaked) minimum in the 

lower (and middle) I. isarcica Zone. The 

negative carbon-isotope excursion was most 

likely a consequence of a combination of different 

causes that may include: (1) direct and 

indirect effects of the Siberian Trap and contemporaneous 

volcanism and (2) anoxic deep 

waters occasionally reaching very shallow sea 

levels. A sudden release of isotopically light 

methane from oceanic sediment piles or permafrost 

soils as a source for the negative carbon-isotope 

trend is questionable at least for 

the time span a little below the EH and somewhat 

above the P–T boundary. 

2010040555 

西伯利亚西部 Var’egansk Megabar 地区南 

部白垩纪地层和沉积环境 = Stratigraphy and 

sedimentary environments for cretaceous deposits 

in the southern part of the Var’egansk 

Megabar (Western Siberia). ( 英文 ). Aleksandrova 

G N; Kosmynin V A; Postnikov A V. 


2010, 18(4): 411-435 

Results of comprehensive studies of the 

Var’egansk Megabar sections in boreholes 

which penetrated the upper part of the Pokur 

Formation and the lower part of the 

Kuznetsovo Formation are presented. The 

stratigraphic range of the studied deposits 

spans the upper Albian-lower Turonian. Palynological 

and lithofacies studies resulted in 

the refinement of sedimentary paleoenvironments 

in the region under study. It has been 

confirmed that the upper part of the Pokur 

Formation was formed under coastal-marine 

conditions; it characterizes mainly different 

deltaic facies. Sandy rocks of the Pokur Formation 

upper part mostly formed in delta 

channels, whereas silty-clayey rocks, in 

marshy-swamp environments. Deposition of 

the Kuznetsovo Formation is confined to a 

major sea transgression, and it proceeded under 

normal sea conditions. 

2010040556 

新西兰 Murihiku 地体 Kawhia 沿岸和 

Awakino 峡谷三叠纪 - 侏罗纪界线序列的地 

层 = Stratigraphy of Triassic-Jurassic boundary 

sequences from the Kawhia coast and 

Awakino gorge, Murihiku Terrane, New Zea- 

162

land. ( 英文 ). Akikuni K; Hori R S; Vajda V; 

Grant-Mackie J A; Ikehara M: Akikuni K; 

Hori R S; Vajda V; Grant-Mackie J A; Ikehara 

M. Stratigraphy, 2010, 7(1): 7-24 

We have examined the stable carbon isotope 

stratigraphy, bio- and litho-stratigraphy 

of the Upper Triassic (Otapirian) - Lower Jurassic 

(Aratauran) boundary strata from the 

Awakino gorge and Kawhia coast sections, 

Murihiku Terrane, North Island, New Zealand. 

Successive occurrences of species of the bivalve 

genus Otapiria, O. dissimilis, O. marshalli 

and O. aff. marshalli, and also of age 

diagnostic ammonites indicate that the Hettangian 

strata in both sections are very thin 

compared with the Rhaetian sequences. Lamination 

structures are well developed at the Tr- 

Jr (Rhaetian-Hettangian) boundary transition 

interval. The delta C-13 values of organic 

matter from siltstone and carbonate nodules in 

the sedimentary rocks range from -28.5 to - 

25.5 parts per thousand and there is no correlation 

between delta C-13(org) and C/N ratios. 

The excursion patterns of delta C-13(org) 

from both sections are similar, showing a 

negative spike at the uppermost Rhaetian and 

a positive spike immediately below the Tr-Jr 

boundary. A long-lived positive shift is also 

recognized in the Awakino gorge section, 

which coincides in pattern with those reported 

in Tr-Jr boundary successions from the Queen 

Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada. 

These results suggest that although magnitude 

and absolute values are slightly different, the 

integrated pattern of stable carbon isotope signatures 

over the Tr-Jr boundary could be a 

valuable tool for correlation, at least between 

sedimentary rocks from similar depositional 

settings in the Panthalassa. 

2010040557 

侏罗纪 - 白垩纪界线 : 北美和加勒比新资料 

= The Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary: new data 

from North America and the Caribbean. ( 英 

文 ). Pessagno E A; Cantu-Chapa A; Mattinson 

J M; Meng Xiangying; Kariminia S M. Stratigraphy, 

2009, 6(3): 185-262 

The Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary is the 

most problematic of all Phanerozoic system 

boundaries. Its definition is obscured by almost 

imperceptible faunal and floral change, 

nomenclatural problems resulting from the 

poor definition of its bounding stages. flit, 

over reliance of calpionellids for correlation, 

and the provinciality of ammonite zones in the 

European type area. The unfortunate decision 

of ammonite stratigraphers to use Calpionella 

Zone B to mark the base of the Berriasian set 

back the resolution of the Jurassic-Cretaceous 

boundary problem by thirty-five years in 

Europe, North America, and elsewhere. In this 

report a more detailed radiolarian zonation for 

the Upper Jurassic is introduced. The radiolarian 

biostratigraphy has been integrated with 

that of the North American ammonite, Buchia, 

calcareous nannofossils, and calpionellids as 

well as with new and existing U-Pb geochronometry. 

Investigations focused oil uppermost 

Jurassic to lowermost Cretaceous 

successions in central Mexico. Baja California, 

California, and the West Indies have recognized 

four new subzones in both radiolarian 

Zones 2 and 4. Pillow basalt at La Desirade 

dated at 143.734ma +/- 0.060ma,[0.042%] (U- 

Pb zircon age oil coeval plagiogranite) is intercalated 

with red ribbon chert containing all 

upper Subzone 4 beta, radiolarian assemblage 

with corporeal taxon Neovallupus spp. This 

horizon likewise occurs in Mexico, where it 

call be directly related to ammonite-bearing 

strata occurring slightly below the boundary 

between Imlay's Kossmatia-Durangites and 

Substeueroceras-Proniceras assemblages, and 

can be recognized in Argentina and Antarctica 

as well. The composite data from the North 

American record indicate that the European 

calpionellid biozones are diachronous between 

Europe and the Western Hemisphere. The 

boundary between Zone 4, Subzone 4 alpha, 

and Zone 5, Subzone 5A, which corresponds 

to the traditional Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary, 

is well represented at Grindstone Creek in 

the California Coast Ranges in the upper part 

of the Buchia sp. aff. B. okensis Zone. In view 

Of our findings, however, it also may be desirable 

to consider two other alternatives for 

the placing the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary: 

one at the base of new Radiolarian Subzone 4 

alpha, and the ammonite Substeuerocas- 

Proniceras assemblage, and the other at the 

base of the Valanginian. The traditional 

boundary horizon as well as the two alternatives 

call all be related to new and existing U- 

Pb geochronometric data. Nomenclatural 

problems surrounding formational units in the 

Mexican Upper Jurassic have been addressed. 

Four new members for the La Caja Formation; 

two new members for the Taman Formation 

and one new formational unit, the Santa Rosa 

Formation have been introduced. 

新生界 

2010040558 

163

美国北内华达山脉早始新世古地貌和古气 

候生物标志物重建 = Biomarker reconstruction 

of the early Eocene paleotopography and 

paleoclimate of the northern Sierra Nevada. 

( 英文 ). Hren M T; Pagani M; Erwin D M; 

Brandon M. Geology, 2010, 38(1): 7-10 

We reconstruct ancient temperature and 

elevation gradients across the early Eocene 

(52–49 Ma) northern Sierra Nevada (California, 

United States) using organic molecular 

proxies that record atmospheric and groundlevel 

effects of topography. Paleoelevation 

was determined by reconstructing the change 

in the hydrogen isotopic composition of precipitation 

(D precip ) and mean annual temperature 

(T GDGT ) (glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers) 

from the isotopic composition of fossil 

angiosperm leaf n-alkanes and the distribution 

of microbially produced soil tetraethers preserved 

in leaf-bearing sediments. Organic molecular 

data produce equivalent range-scale 

(D n-alkane ) and channel (T GDGT ) paleoelevation 

estimates that show the northern Sierra Nevada 

was a warm (>6–8 °C warmer than modern), 

high-elevation (>2 km), and moderate- to 

low-relief landscape at the Eocene Climatic 

Optimum. Modern northern Sierra Nevada 

topography likely reflects post-Paleocene reduction 

of mean surface elevation and late 

Cenozoic increases in relief 

2010040559 

伏尔加河流域萨拉托夫晚古新世地层 : 

Dyupa Gully 剖面 Kamyshin 组微古生物学 

特征 = On the late Paleocene stratigraphy of 

the Saratov Volga Region: Micropaleontological 

characteristics of the Kamyshin 

Formation, Dyupa Gully section. ( 英文 ). 

Aleksandrova G N; Radionova E P. Paleontological 

Journal, 2006, 40(Supplement 5): 

S543-S557 8 图版 . 

This paper presents the results of the integrated 

study of dinocysts and diatoms from 

the Kamyshin Formation, Dyupa Gully section. 

The Kamyshin Formation is shown to 

have been formed in the Late Thanetian-initial 

Eocene and to include the IETM interval. The 

Dyupa Gully section is comprised of the deposits 

of two transgressive-regressive cycles. 

The section is comprehensively characterized 

by micropaleontological finds (dinocysts, radiolarians, 

and diatoms) and proposed as a key 

section of the Middle Volga Region. 

2010040560 

亚北方期晚期到亚大西洋期早期丹麦日德 

兰半岛西海岸上的大规模风积沙活动 - 是气 

候变化还是文化影响的记录 ? = Largescale 

aeolian sand movement on the west 

coast of Jutland, Denmark in late Subboreal to 

early Subatlantic time - a record of climate 

change or cultural impact?. ( 英文 ). Clemmensen 

L B; Murray A S; Beck J H; Clausen 

A. GFF, 2001, 123(4): 193-203 

Holocene dunefield construction on the 

west coast of Jutland was episodic. One of the 

most intense phases of inland sand movement 

and dunefield construction took place in late 

Subboreal to early Sub-atlantic time. Evidence 

from optically stimulated luminescence dating 

supplemented by radiocarbon dating and/or 

archaeological data from four different dunefields 

places the onset of this important phase 

of aeolian activity to about 700 BC and indicates 

that sand movement continued for up to 

700 years before the dunefields were stabilized. 

The onset of this phase of dunefield 

construction may be related to an abrupt climatic 

change in the North Atlantic region at 

about 800 BC and a likely increase in storminess. 

The coastal landscapes of western Jutland 

were nearly treeless at the end of Subboreal 

time promoting large-scale aeolian sand 

movement. 

2010040561 

根据粘土矿物推断古新世 - 始新世最早期的 

气候演化 : 从西班牙北部 (Zumaya) 到古 

地中海南缘 ( 西班牙 , 突尼斯 ) 和东南缘 

( 以色列 , 内盖夫 ) = Climatic evolution 

from Paleocene to earliest Eocene inferred 

from clay-minerals: A transect from northern 

Spain (Zumaya) to southern (Spain, Tunisia) 

and southeastern Tethys margins (Israel, 

Negev). ( 英文 ). Adatte T; Bolle M P; De 

Kaenel E; Gawenda P; Winkler W; Von Salis 

K. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 7-8 

2010040562 

以色列 Avedat 高原贯穿早 - 中始新世界限 

的 Rhabdosphaera Haeckel 属 : 生物地层 

学和可能的古生态解释 = Genus Rhabdosphaera 

Haeckel across the lower/middle Eocene 

boundary at the Avedat Plateau in Israel: 

Biostratigraphy and possible palaeoecological 

interpretation. ( 英文 ). Hefetz M W; Benjamini 

C; Moshkovitz S. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 176-177 

2010040563 

164

从新西兰看白垩纪晚期到始新世早期的全 

球改变 :(a) 马尔堡 Mead Stream 的古 

新世 - 始新世过渡层 = New Zealand perspective 

on global change from late Cretaceous to 

early Eocene: (a) the Paleocene-Eocene transition 

at Mead Stream, Marlborough. ( 英文 ). 

Hollis C J; Field B D; Jones C M; Killops S D; 

Strong C P; Dickens G R. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 

71-72 

2010040564 

晚伊普雷斯期古地中海邻域缺氧底层水事 

件 : 毗邻大陆地区蒸发和降水平衡改变的 

结果 = Dysoxic bottom water events in the 

peri-Tethys during the late Ypresian: A result 

of changes in the evaporation/precipitation 

balance in adjacent continental regions. ( 英文 ). 

Oberhansli H; Beniamovskii V N. GFF, 2000, 

122(1): 121-123 

2010040565 

丹麦哥本哈根 Gemmas Alle 地区达宁阶 - 塞 

兰特阶 ( 古新统 ) 界限中的微体和钙质超 

微化石生物地层学 = Micro- and nannofossil 

biostratigraphy across the Danian/Selandian 

(Paleocene) stage boundary at Gemmas Alle, 

Copenhagen, Denmark. ( 英文 ). Stouge S; 

Hjortkjaer B F; Rasmussen J A; Roncaglia L; 

Sheldon E. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 161-162 

2010040566 

晚古新世最暖期亚热带的变暖证据 - 来自深 

海钻探计划 527 钻位的新认识 = Evidence 

for subtropical warming during the late Paleocene 

thermal maximum - New insights from 

DSDP Site 527. ( 英文 ). Thomas D J; 

Bralower T J; Zachos J C. GFF, 2000, 122(1): 

168-168 

2010040567 

美国东北部康涅狄格峡谷上部淤泥记录了 

晚冰期的气候波动吗 ? = Are late-glacial 

climate oscillations recorded in varves of the 

upper Connecticut Valley, northeastern United 

States?. ( 英文 ). Ridge J C; Toll N J. 

GFF, 1999, 121(3): 187-193 

Ernst Antevs' original varve chronology for 

the upper Connecticut Valley in New England 

(USA), published in 1922 and 1928, has been 

extended and a C-14 calibration has been established 

based on 1736(-20)(+35) varves containing 

terrestrial plant macrofossils at Newbury, 

Vermont. Varve deposition at Newbury 

began in a glacial lake (12.1 C-14 kyr BP) and 

persisted in a non-glacial lake (to at least 10.4 

C-14 kyr BP). The calibrated Newbury varve 

stratigraphy and associated glacial events may 

be compared to climatic events recognized in 

cores from modem lakes in eastern North 

America and Europe and in Greenland ice 

cores. Thickness of glacial varves at Newbury 

is difficult to correlate to climate because of 

the thinning of varves in response to ice recession, 

flood events, and lake level changes that 

obscure thickness changes resulting from climate 

change. The Littleton-Bethlehem Readvance 

(11.9-11.8 C-14 kyr BP), that is tied to 

the varves, may correspond to Older Dryas 

(GI-1d) cooling. Non-glacial (after 11.6 C-14 

kyr BP) varve thickness cannot be unequivocally 

tied to climate but may represent a proxy 

record of temperature with thin varves representing 

warm intervals and cold events represented 

by thicker varves displaying a pronounced 

25-yr oscillation. The Intra-Allerod 

Cold Period (GI-1b), recognized in eastern 

North America as the Killarney Oscillation, 

and the Younger Dryas (GS-1) may be recorded 

by thicker varves at 11.1-10.8 C-14 kyr 

BP and beginning at 10.65 C-14 kyr BP. 

2010040568 

波罗的海东南部中生代沉积中冰川切割和 

低温保存的化石结构 = Glacial incisions and 

fossil cryogenic structures in the Mesozoic 

deposits of the SE Baltic Sea. ( 英文 ). Monkevicius 

A. GFF, 1999, 121(1): 1-12 

Seismic reflection profiling in the SE part 

of the Baltic Sea has revealed extensive occurrences 

of buried palaeoincisions as well as 

disruptions of regularities in seismic reflectors 

in the Mesozoic bedrock. The interpretation of 

the bedrock and Quaternary deposits, the 

structures in the upper parts of the bedrock 

and their effect on the present sea floor morphology, 

as well as the geophysical expression 

of palaeoincisions in the surrounding sediments 

have given new information on the 

Quaternary development of the area. The bedrock 

relief was significantly changed by glacial 

activity depending on the rigidity of the 

bedrock deposits. The palaeoincisions are explained 

as rapidly formed by subglacial meltwater 

under high hydrostatic pressure and 

later by meltwater streams issuing from the 

retreating ice margin and later forming in a 

braided pattern. The finely dispersed Mesozoic 

deposits together with good water supply 

may have created favourable conditions for 

the growth of cryogenic structures in the frigid 

periglacial climate of the growth of cryogenic 

structures in the frigid periglacial climate of 

165

the Pleistocene. Underground water of the 

Baltic aretesian basin which is situated in the 

sedimentary bedrock of the Baltic sineclise 

could give a good nourishment for the growing 

of relatively thick congelation ice lenses 

and veins in the bedrock. This may explain the 

disruptions in the upper parts of the seismic 

sections, which are interpreted as due to 

stresses caused by frost action in the clayey 

bedrock. 

2010040569 

瑞典西南部 Skrea 和 Vinberg 地区早 

Weichselian 间冰段沉积 = Early Weichselian 

interstadial deposits within the drumlins 

at Skrea and Vinberg, southwestern Sweden. 

( 英文 ). Passe T. GFF, 1998, 120(4): 349-356 

Sections of two drumlins, at Skrea and Vinberg, 

were exposed during construction of 

highway E6/E20 east of Falkenberg in central 

Halland. The drumlins are 4 km apart and 

separated by the Atran river valley. They are 

mainly composed of interstadial sediments, 

representing one or possibly two interstadials. 

The lowermost interstadial is TL-dated to 

about 90,000 years BP and correlated to the 

Brorup interstadial. It is concluded that the 

drumlins at Skrea and Vinberg are of erosional 

origin. The previous proposal of an existing 

ice movement from the NW on the Swedish 

west coast during the Weichselian glaciation 

is based on occurrences of striae and glacial 

deformations from the NW. The investigation 

at Skrea provides further proof of a northwesterly 

ice movement due to the occurrence of 

Norwegian erratics and a till containing clasts 

from the Kattegat sea floor. The northwesterly 

ice move ment on the Swedish west coast 

could be correlated to the Norwegian ice previously 

demonstrated in Denmark. At Skrea 

and Vinberg the glaciation from the NW is 

succeeded by an interstadial phase, followed 

by a glaciation from the NE. The strata give 

some information about the shore level displacement 

during the Early Weichselian. By 

combining data from other nearby sites, a 

shore level curve comprising the Late Saalian, 

Eemian and Early Weichselian is suggested. 

2010040570 

俄罗斯环里海地区北部古近纪生物地层 

(Novouzensk 参考钻孔的沟鞭藻和钙质超 

微浮游生物意义 ) 第一部分 : 沉积的时代 

证据和对比 = Paleogene biostratigraphy of 

the North Circum-Caspian region (implication 

of the dinocysts and nannoplankton from the 

Novouzensk reference borehole), Part 1: Age 

substantiation and correlation of deposits. ( 英 

文 ). Vasil’eva O N; Musatov V A. Stratigraphy 

and Geological Correlation, 2010, 18(1): 

83-104 

Eight zonal dinocyst assemblages and three 

bio stratigraphic units ranked as “beds with 

flora” are first distinguished in the Danian— 

lower Lutetian interval of the Paleogene succession, 

penetrated by the reference borehole 

Novousensk no. 1, where eight standard and 

one local nannoplankton zones are simultaneously 

recognized. The direct correlation of 

nannoplankton and dinocyst zones is used to 

refine the paleon-tological substantiation and 

stratigraphic position of regional lithostratigraphic 

units, ranges of hiatuses, and the correlation 

with the general stratigraphie scale. 

The nannoplankton of the Danian NP2 Cruciplacolithus 

tenuis and NP3 Chiasmolithus 

danicus zones is characteristic of the Algai 

Formation (Fm). The nannoplankton of the 

NP4 Coccolithus robustus Zone and dinocysts 

of the D3a Alterbidinium circulum Zone from 

the Tsyganovo Fm characterizes the Danian 

top. The Lower Syzran Subformation (Subfm) 

corresponds to the upper part of the NP4 Coccolithus 

robustus Zone (Neochiastizygus junctus 

local zone) and to the D3b (part) Cerodinium 

depressum Zone of the Selandian dinocysts. 

The latter spans part of the Upper Syzran 

Subformation, whose characteristic nannofossils 

are the nannoplankton of the NP5 Fasciculithus 

tympaniformis Zone and the dinocysts 

of the D3b (part) Isabelidinium? viborgense 

Zone of the Selandian. The Novouzensk 

Fm is represented by a succession of 

the dinocyst Cerodinium markovae Beds and 

the standard D4c Apectodinium hyperacanthum 

Zone of the upper Thanetian. The coccolitophorids 

of the lower Thanetian NP6 Heliolithus 

kleinpelli Zone occur at the formation 

base. The Bostandyk Fm includes successive 

bio stratigraphie units of the Ypresian. In the 

dinocyst scale, these are the D5a Apectodinium 

augustum Zone, the Pterospermella Beds 

(DEla Zone of the North Sea scale), and zones 

DBlb-c Deflandrea oebisfeldensis, D7c Dracodinium 

varielon-gitudum, and D8 Dracodinium 

politum—Charlesdowniea coleothrypta, 

while units of the nannoplankton scale correspond 

to the NP12 Martasterites tribrachiatus 

and NP13 Discoaster lodoensis zones. The 

Kopterek Fm yields Lutetian nannofossils: the 

nannoplankton of the NP14 Discoaster sublodoensis 

Zone and the dinocysts of the Wetzeliella 

coronata—Areosphaeridium diktyoplo- 

166

kum Beds. Three meaningful hiatuses are established 

at the Danian base, Selandian top, 

and in the lower Ypresian. 

2010040571 

比利时 Tunnel-Canal Dock 地区上新世沟 

鞭藻囊胞地层学、古生态学和层序地层学 

= Pliocene dinoflagellate cyst stratigraphy, 

palaeoecology and sequence stratigraphy of 

the Tunnel-Canal Dock, Belgium. ( 英文 ). De 

Schepper S; Head M J; Louwye S. Geological 

Magazine, 2009, 146(1): 92-112 

Dinoflagellate cysts and sequence stratigraphy 

are used to date accurately the Tunnel- 

Canal Dock section, which contains the most 

complete record of marine Pliocene deposits 

in the Antwerp harbour area. The Zanclean 

Kattendijk Formation was deposited between 

5.0 and 4.4 Ma during warm-temperate conditions 

on a shelf influenced by open-marine 

waters. The overlying Lillo Formation is divided 

into four members. The lowest is the 

Luchtbal Sands Member, estimated to have 

been deposited between 3.71 and 3.21 Ma, 

under cooler conditions but with an openwater 

influence. The Oorderen Sands, Kruisschans 

Sands and Merksem Sands members of 

the Lillo Formation are considered a single 

depositional sequence, and biostratigraphically 

dated between 3.71 and c. 2.6 Ma, with 

the Oorderen Sands Member no younger than 

2.72-2.74 Ma. Warm-temperate conditions 

had returned, but a cooling event is noted 

within the Oorderen Sands Member. Shoaling 

of the depositional environment is also evidenced, 

with the transgressive Oorderen Sands 

Member passing upwards into (near-)coastal 

high-stand deposits of the Kruisschans Sands 

and Merksem Sands members, as accommodation 

space decreased. Applying sequence 

stratigraphy to our section implies that the 

Kattendijk/Lillo Formation boundary corresponds 

to the sequence boundary (SB) Za2 

(4.04 Ma), the Luchtbal/Oorderen sands 

boundary to SB Pia1 (3.21 Ma), and the top of 

the Merksem Sands to SB Pia2 (2.76 Ma). 

Finally, the Belgian deposits are compared 

with marine Pliocene deposits of eastern England. 

2010040572 

喜马拉雅山脉西北部查谟 ( 印度 ) 西瓦立克 

亚群上部上新世凝灰质单元的沉积起源 = 

Depositional origin of tuffaceous units in the 

Pliocene Upper Siwalik Subgroup, Jammu 

(India), NW Himalaya. ( 英文 ). Bhat G M; 

Kundal S N; Pandita S K; Prasad GVR. Geological 

Magazine, 2008, 145(2): 279-294 

During late Pliocene times, extrabasinally 

derived acidic volcanic ashes were deposited 

as distal pyroclastic fallout in upland interfluvial-lacustrine 

settings in the northwestern 

part of the Siwalik basin. These ash beds occur 

as a bentonitized tuff band and tuffaceous 

mudstones in the Jammu region of India. We 

located and described 12 outcrops of this conspicuous, 

geographically widespread bentonitized 

tuff band and tuffaceous mudstone association 

at the same stratigraphic level, coincident 

with the Gauss-Matuyama boundary at 

2.48 Ma. This bentonitized tuff band and tuffaccous 

mudstone association represents a 

stratigraphic marker horizon in the diachronous 

and sporadic vertebrate faunayielding 

Siwalik strata. The claystone, siltstone, and 

sandstone units and embedded bentonitized 

tuff band and tuffaceous mudstone beds represent 

a coarsening-upward sequence reflecting 

deposition in lacustrine proximal and distal 

bottomsets, pro-delta foresets, and mouth-bar 

facies capped by fluvial topsets. This study 

reports a chain of four contemporaneous, palaeo-lake 

basins at this stratigraphic level, 

which ranged in length from 2 to 7 km. 

2010040573 

用上新世浮游有孔虫方解石 δO-18 数据来 

重建海洋表面温度的效力 : 与上新世中期 

完全耦合的海洋大气环流模型和化石集群 

数据的比较 = Efficacy of delta O-18 data 

from Pliocene planktonic foraminifer calcite 

for spatial sea surface temperature reconstruction: 

comparison with a fully coupled oceanatmosphere 

GCM and fossil assemblage data 

for the mid-Pliocene. ( 英文 ). Williams M; 

Haywood A M; Hillenbrand C D; Wilkinson I 

P. Geological Magazine, 2005, 142(4): 399- 

417 

Sea surface temperature (SST) estimates using 

the delta(18)O composition of fossil 

planktonic foraminifer calcite, within the time 

slice 3.12 to 3.05 Ma (Pliocene, Kaena Subchron 

- C2An1r) are assessed for nine Atlantic 

Ocean sites. These are compared with SST 

estimates from fossil assemblages for the 

'Time Slab' 3.29-2.97 Ma and with estimates 

from a fully coupled ocean-atmosphere General 

Circulation Model (GCM) for the same 

time interval. Most SST estimates derived 

from the delta(18)O data indicate a cooler 

ocean surface than at present, through the latitudinal 

range 69.25 degrees N to 46.88 degrees 

S. At some sites the temperature differ- 

167

ence is greater than 5 degrees C (cooler than at 

present). This contrasts with SST estimates 

from fossil assemblages that give warmer than 

present temperatures at mid- to high latitudes, 

and similar temperatures in the tropics, and 

with the GCM, which predicts SSTs warmer 

than at present across all latitudes for this time 

interval. Difficulties interpreting the ecology 

of fossil foraminifer assemblages and inaccurate 

estimates of mid-Pliocene seawater 

delta(18)O composition (delta(18)O(sw)) at 

some sites may partly produce the temperature 

discrepancy between isotope-based and fossilbased 

SST estimates, but do not adequately 

explain the cool signal of the former. We interpret 

the cool SST estimates from the 

delta(18)O data to be the product of: (a) calcite 

formed at a level deep within or below the 

ocean mixed-layer during the life-cycle of the 

foraininifera; (b) secondary calcite with higher 

delta(18)O formed in the planktonic foraminifer 

tests in sea bottom pore waters. Although 

these effects differ between sites, secular 

and temporal oceanographic trends are preserved 

in the primary calcite formed in the 

mixed-layer near the ocean surface, witnessed 

by the latitudinal variation in estimated SSTs. 

Reconstructing accurate mid-Pliocene SSTs 

with much of the existing published oxygen 

isotope data probably requires a detailed reassessment 

of taphonomy, particularly at 

tropical sites. This study also indicates that 

methods for estimating Atlantic Pliocene 

delta(18)O(sw) need to be refined. 

2010040574 

喜玛拉雅前沿 : 布格蒂丘陵 ( 俾路支地 

区 , 巴基斯坦 ) 渐新世碎屑沉积的古生物 

证据 = Himalayan Forelands: palaeontological 

evidence for Oligocene detrital deposits in 

the Bugti Hills (Balochistan, Pakistan). ( 英文 ). 

Welcomme J L; Benammi N; Crochet J Y; 

Marivaux L; Metais G; Antoine P O; Baloch I. 


In the southwestern Sulaiman geological 

province (Balochistan, Pakistan), terrestrial 

detrital facies from the Bugti Hills region have 

yielded the richest Tertiary vertebrate faunas 

to be found in Asia thus far. New fossils from 

five successive and distinct 'bone beds' bridge 

the supposed Oligocene sedimentary hiatus 

within the Sulaiman geological province; the 

lowermost continental levels of the previously 

described Miocene Chitarwata Formation, 

known as the Bugti Member, are Oligocene in 

age in the Bugti area. Neither a mixture of 

heterochronic faunal elements nor endemism 

of any fauna is evident in this area. Additional 

microfaunal material from the Bugti Member 

constrains an Oligocene age for the lower Chitarwata 

Formation in Zinda Pir (northeast of 

the Bugti Hills). This Oligocene transition between 

the marine Kirthar (Eocene) and continental 

Siwalik (Miocene) deposits consists of 

a regressive fluvio-deltaic system occupying a 

vast floodplain. It represents an early-stage 

molasse in the palaeo-Indus Basin which 

drained western orogenic highlands resulting 

from the collision between the Indian and 

Eurasian plates. 

2010040575 

北海盆地南部边缘的 ( 比利时北部 ) 浅海 

相早中中新世沉积 : 沟鞭藻囊孢生物地层 

学和沉积历史 = Shallow marine Lower and 

Middle Miocene deposits at the southern margin 

of the North Sea Basin (northern Belgium): 

dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy and depositional 

history. ( 英文 ). Louwye S; De Coninck 

J; Verniers J. Geological Magazine, 2000, 

137(4): 381-394 

Detailed dinoflagellate cyst analysis of the 

Lower-Middle Miocene Berchem Formation 

at the southernmost margin of the North Sea 

Basin (northern Belgium) allowed a precise 

biostratigraphical positioning and a reconstruction 

of the depositional history. The two 

lower members of the formation (Edegem 

Sands and decalcified Kiel Sands) are biostratigraphically 

regarded as one unit since no 

significant break within the dinocyst assemblages 

is observed. The base of this late (or 

latest) Aquitanian-Burdigalian unit coincides 

with sequence boundary Aq3/Burl as defined 

by Hardenbol and others, in work published in 

1998. A hiatus at the Lower-Middle Miocene 

transition separates the upper member (the 

Antwerpen Sands) from the underlying member. 

The greater part of the Antwerpen Sands 

were deposited in a Langhian (latest Burdigalian?)-middle 

Serravallian interval. The base 

of this unit coincides with sequence boundary 

Bur5/Lan1. Biostratigraphical correlation 

points to a diachronous post-depositional decalcification 

within the formation since parts 

of the decalcified Kiel Sands can be correlated 

with parts of the calcareous fossil-bearing section, 

up to now interpreted as Antwerpen 

Sands. The dinoflagellate cyst assemblages 

are dominated by species with a inner neritic 

preference, although higher numbers of oceanic 

taxa in the upper part of the formation 

indicate incursions of oceanic watermasses 

168

into the confined depositional environment of 

the southern North Sea Basin. 

2010040576 

根据 Novouzensk 钻井的沟鞭藻和钙质超微 

化石确定北里海地区的古近纪生物地层 , 

论文 2: 生物事件和古生态环境 = Paleogene 

biostratigraphy of the North Caspian region 

based on dinocysts and nannofossils from 

the Novouzensk borehole. Article 2: Biotic 

events and paleoecological settings. ( 英文 ). 

Vasil’eva O N; Musatov V A. Stratigraphy 

and Geological Correlation, 2010, 18(2): 179- 

199 

The relatively complete late Danian-initial 

Lutetian succession of biotic events, which are 

suitable to serve as biostratigraphic reference 

levels for interregional correlations are defined 

in the section of the Novouzensk reference 

borehole based on dinocyst and nannoplankton 

assemblages. The analysis of palynological 

and nannofossil assemblages allows 

dynamics of basin development and sea-level 

fluctuations to be traced. Three major stages 

reflecting different sedimentation regimes are 

established in the borehole section: (1) Danian 

with terrigenous-carbonate sedimentation regime 

corresponding to the Algai and Tsyganovka 

formations; (2) Selandian-Thanetian 

(initial Eocene included) characterized largely 

by siliceous-terrigenous sediments of the Syzran, 

Novouzensk, and, partly, Bostandyk formations; 

(3) Ypresian-Lutetian with the carbonate-terrigenous 

sedimentation regime corresponding 

to the upper part of the Ypresian 

Bostandyk and Lutetian Kopterek formations. 

The composition of dinoflagellate and nannoplankton 

assemblages characterizes the North 

Caspian basin as an internal largely shallow 

sea with a changeable temperature regime. 

The paleoecological analysis of phytocoenoses 

made it possible to define basin fluctuations 

comparable with third-order rhythms. 

Four Danian rhythms definable in the Algai 

and Tsyganovka formations indicate conditions 

of an open warm-water basin. Dynamics 

of the step-wise shoaling of the basin was 

characteristic of the Selandian-early Thanetian 

ages with subsequent restoration of the marine 

regime in the late Thanetian. The Syzran Formation 

corresponds to two Selandian rhythms, 

which were formed in shallower settings of 

the restricted sea basin. Four Thanetian 

rhythms are established in the Novouzensk 

Formation. The early Thanetian basin was 

characterized by the shallowest disturbed marine 

conditions, which were followed by the 

restored normal marine regime in the late 

Thanetian. Six Ypresian rhythms correspond 

to the Bostandyk Formation (Yp-0, Yp-1, Yp- 

5-Yp-8) reflecting transition from initial 

Ypresian coastal (Yp-0, Yp-1) to normal marine 

conditions during the Yp-5 rhythm. The 

early (Yp-2-Yp-4) and late (Yp-9-Yp-10) 

Ypresian corresponded to the sedimentation 

break. Most abundant and diverse microbiotic 

assemblages characteristic of the Yp-7 rhythm 

are correlative with the EECO event. The 

marly Kopterek Formation corresponding to 

the early Lutetian rhythm (Lu-1) is characterized 

by diverse thermophilic biota. 

2010040577 

Mesta 盆地 ( 保加利亚西南 ) 中的古近纪 

冲积火山碎屑岩沉积 : 沉积背景和盆地演 

化 = Palaeogene alluvial-volcaniclastic deposits 

in the Mesta Basin (SW Bulgaria): depositional 

setting and basin evolution. ( 英文 ). 

Siemes A; McCann T; Fischer A. Geological 

Magazine, 2010, 147(3): 321-338 

The Mesta half-graben is one in a series of 

extensional basins in SW Bulgaria that record 

the onset of extension within the Rhodope 

Zone in the Late Eocene. Tectonic activity on 

a continuous detachment along the eastern 

margin was a major control on subsidence, 

accommodation space creation, sediment supply 

and facies distribution in the basin. The 

sedimentary architecture was complicated by 

synsedimentary rotation, the presence of intrabasinal 

faults and the resulting compartmentalization, 

as well as synsedimentary volcanic 

activity. Facies and structural analysis of 

a key transverse section in the central part of 

the basin, together with supporting observations 

from other parts of the basin, indicate a 

pulsed tectono-sedimentary evolution of the 

basin with three distinct stages. The first stage 

(Late Eocene) is a phase of rapid extension 

with an initial alluvial setting. Basin margin 

fans and an axial fluvial through-drainage system 

were the major depositional systems in 

this stage. The second stage (Early Oligocene) 

marks the onset of volcanic activity within the 

Mesta Basin and is characterized by the formation 

of volcanic centres, an intense phase of 

explosive volcanism and rapid infilling of the 

previous basin topography with volcanic material 

deposited from pyroclastic density currents. 

The third stage (Late Oligocene) represents 

waning volcanic activity in a mixed alluvial-volcaniclastic 

environment. This stage 

169

is characterized by alternating alluvial and 

volcaniclastic depositional cycles, as well as 

partial reworking of volcanic material. 

2010040578 

重新解释作为潮下河床相的 Baltringen 层 : 

对于重新理解上海相磨拉石 " 旋回 "( 早中 

新世 ) 的意义 = Re-interpreting the Baltringer 

Horizont as a subtidal channel facies: 

Implications for a new understanding of the 

Upper Marine Molasse "Cycles" (Early Miocene). 

( 英文 ). Heimann F U M; Schmid D U; 

Pipperr M; Reichenbacher B. Neues Jahrbuch 


2009, 254(1-2): 135-149 

At the type-area near Baltringen in the 

Southwest German part of the Molasse Basin, 

the sediments of the so-called Second Cycle of 

the Upper Marine Molasse, i. e. the Baltringer 

Schichten and overlying Feinsandserie, were 

studied. Based on sedimentary features, we 

show lthat the Baltringer horizont does not 

form a continuous layer at the base of the Baltriger 

Schichten as it is conventionally suggested. 

Insted, we suggest its deposition in a 

subtidal channel environment, which is additionally 

supported by microfacies and microfossils. 

The Feinsandserie was deposited in a 

shallower environment, but rhythmic sedimentation, 

bidirectional and herringbone crossbedding 

still suggest tidal influences. 

2010040579 

德国西南部 Allgau 地区上部海相磨拉石的 

潮汐沉积 = Tidal sediments in the Upper Marine 

Molasse (OMM) of the Allgau area 

(Lower Miocene, Southwest-Germany). ( 英 

文 ). Frieling D; Mazumder R; Reichenbacher 

B. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie 

/ Abhandlungen, 2009, 254(1-2): 151- 

163 

The sudied sections in the "Ellhofer Tobel" 

ravine reveal an approximately 140 m thick 

succession of marine sediments. four different 

facies types are distinguished in this succession: 

1) A glauconitic Sandsone Facies, 2) a 

Heterolithic Facies, 3) a Cross-Stratified sandstone 

Facies and 4) a Conglomeratic Facies. 

These lithofacies represent different near 

coastal and shallow marine environments. 

2010040580 

瑞士中中新世北阿尔卑斯山前陆盆地陆相 

记录的高分辨率地层 = High-resolution 

stratigraphy from the continental record of the 

Middle Miocene Northern Alpine Foreland 

Basin of Seitzerland. ( 英文 ). Kalin D; Kempf 

O. Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie u. Palaontologie 

/ Abhandlungen, 2009, 254(1-2): 177- 

235 

We present a new chronoloy for the Middle 

Miocene continental record of the Northern 

Alpine Foraland Basin of Switzerland. the investigated 

sediemts belong o the Upper 

Freshwater Molasse and reach a maximum 

thickness of 900 m. The sediments consist 

mainly of alluvial fan and fluvial deposits, but 

lake and pond environments are occasionally 

also documented. The investigated sections 

contain hihly fossiliferous horizons with very 

diverse and characteristic faunas. The integration 

of mammal-based biostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy 

and radiometric age data allow 

an excellent high-resolution 

chronostratigrphic framework for the OSM 

deposits to be established. 

2010040581 

苏北盆地高邮凹陷侵入岩形成时期及成因 

机制探讨 = On the age and origin of the intrusive 

rocks in Gaoyou depression of north 

Jiangsu Basin. ( 中文 ). 胡晓春 . 地层学杂 

志 , 2010, 34(3): 293-297 

通过对苏北盆地高邮凹陷的上、下两套 

侵入岩与断层的错断及其与构造运动强弱 

的关系、与油气成藏期的关系以及侵入岩 

的平面分布研究 , 提出了侵入岩的侵入时期 

为三垛期 , 而非盐城期。通过对晚白垩世以 

来苏北盆地各期构造运动及其伴生火山活 

动的分析 , 认为高邮凹陷侵入岩的成因主要 

由于晚始新世至渐新世末 , 该区发生了三垛 

运动 , 并发育一系列北东及北西向的断裂构 

造 , 导致了岩浆活动 , 并以侵入特征为主。 

2010040582 

应用天文地层学方法对山东昌潍北部新生 

代不整合时间和剥蚀量的计算及其意义 = 

Estimate of unconformity time gaps and denudation 

using cenozoic astrostratigraphic 

data from northern Changwei of Shandong 

Province. ( 中文 ). 李文涛 . 地层学杂志 , 2010, 

34(3): 268-282 

为进一步推动山东昌潍北部地区的新生 

代油气勘探 , 应用潍北、牛头镇和侯镇等 3 

个凹陷 9 个层段的天文地层年龄分析 , 计算 

出新生代不整合时间和剥蚀量。天文地层 

学计算方法主要包括 : 地层分层 , 测井频谱 

分析 , 寻找 40 万年周期和旋回的对比。得 

到结果 : 孔三段 2 孔二段界线的年龄为 61. 

819 Ma, 孔二段 2 孔一段界线的年龄为 54. 

170

638 Ma, 孔一段 2 沙四下亚段界线的年龄为 

48. 448 Ma, 沙四下 2 沙四上亚段界线的年 

龄为 43. 516 Ma, 沙四上亚段顶的年龄为 40. 

362 Ma, 馆陶组 2 明化镇组界线的年龄大约 

为 35.778 —31. 896 Ma。通过剥蚀的时间 

和沉积环境的分析提出如下观点 :1) 大约在 

48. 448 Ma 以前 , 昌潍坳陷北部的沉积是全 

盆地的、稳定的 , 其中包括 : 约长达 4 Myr 期 

间孔三段断断续续出现玄武岩喷发 , 大约 7 

Myr 时间内孔二段出现沼泽和浅湖相的沉 

积 , 约 6 Myr 时间内孔一段主要为干旱相的 

小水塘、水坑 “ 红色 ” 沉积 ; 2) 从沙河街组开 

始 (48. 448 Ma) 至东营组末 (23. 03 Ma) 期间 , 

也即大约 25 Myr 期间 , 潍北的昌参 1 、昌 1 

等井的中心部位 , 仍然是不断下陷、沉积 ; 3) 

馆陶组沉积期间 ( 大约 23. 03 —13 Ma) 盆地 

全区上升。因此在大约 10 Myr 的剥蚀时间 

过程中 , 不仅没有沉积 , 而把原沉积的沙三 

亚段至东营组不断 ‘ 反剥 ’ 到沙四段下部 ; 4) 

馆陶组末 ( 大约 13 Ma) 到明化镇组顶 (2. 588 

Ma) 沉积期间 , 全区开始以河流泛滥平原相 

为主的泥岩和泥质粉细砂岩的沉积 , 形成盖 

层。根据天文地层方法的剥蚀量计算 , 潍北 

凹陷中有 3 个 “ 反剥高点 ”。这些 “ 反剥高点 ” 

在始新世末至渐新世的沉积和构造上升和 

剥蚀过程中 , 可能造成砂岩回弹和孔隙扩张 , 

形成好的储集区。根据计算 , 最大的 “ 反剥高 

点 ” 是在昌 36 — 央 5 — 昌 8 井一带 , 剥蚀厚 

度约达 1 800 —3 000 m, 与多年油田勘探取 

得成果是一致的。 

2010040583 

中国陆相上新统高庄阶 = The Gaozhuangian 

Stage of the continental Pliocene Series in 

China. ( 中文 ). 邓涛 ; 侯素宽 ; 王太明 ; 穆永清 . 

地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(3): 225-240 

1999 年第二届全国地层委员会正式提出 

将中国新近纪上新世分为早、晚两期 , 分别 

命名为高庄期和麻则沟期 , 年代地层单位高 

庄阶即对应于高庄期。“ 高庄 ” 一名源自同 

名岩石地层单位高庄组 , 典型剖面位于山西 

省榆社县云簇镇桃阳 — 高庄 — 赵庄。高庄 

阶对应于 “ 国际地层表 ” 中海相的 Zanclean 

阶 , 其共同的底界定义为古地磁 Chron C3r 

的顶部 , 年龄为距今 5. 3 Ma , 这条界线在榆 

社桃阳剖面位于高庄组下部第 5 层的块状 

砂岩底部。高庄期与欧洲陆生哺乳动物分 

期的 Ruscinian 期相当 , 包含 1 个哺乳动物群 

单位 , 即 NMU 12 , 可与欧洲的 MN 14 —15 

对比。在榆社盆地发现的高庄动物群相当 

于 NMU 12 。在中国的上新世哺乳动物群 

中 , 甘肃临夏盆地的十里墩动物群、甘肃灵 

台的雷家河 Ⅲ 带动物群、内蒙古化德的哈 

尔鄂博和比例克动物群也相当于 NMU 

12 。甘肃广河的十里墩剖面是高庄阶的潜 

在候选层型剖面。 

2010040584 

渤海始新统沙四段层序地层特征及与周边 

油区的对比 = The characteristics of the memeber 

4 of Shahejie Formation in Bohai Basin 

and its correlation with neighbouring oil fields. 

( 中文 ). 朱文森 ; 刘士磊 ; 王立红 ; 张若祥 ; 薛金 

宝 . 地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 154-160 

渤海湾盆地始新统沙四段 ( 沙河街组四段 ) 

形成时的构造背景特点决定了它的复杂 

性、多变性和多样性。沙四段在其建组剖 

面分为沙四上、中和下三个亚段。随着新 

钻井的增多和研究的不断深入 , 渤海沙四段 

层序地层的认识也在不断加深。渤海以前 

的沙四段基本没有分出亚段 , 只是分出了南 

北两种类型。现在认为渤海发育完整的沙 

四段 , 分为上下两个亚段 , 下部为蒸发盐湖相 

沉积 , 上部为正常的砂泥岩沉积。南部发育 

完整的沙四段 , 北部只钻遇了沙四上亚段 , 可 

能缺失沙四下亚段 ; 上下亚段以假整合接触 , 

南北地层是统一的 , 而不是两种类型。沙四 

下亚段相当于济阳坳陷典型沙四段中、下 

两个亚段。沙四段分为继承和残留两种类 

型 , 二者有很大的差别。沙四段下亚段不具 

备生油能力 , 上亚段发育完整的生储盖组合 , 

可以形成自生自储的油气田 , 是深层勘探的 

重要方向之一。 

2010040585 

湖北当阳陆相白垩系 - 古近系界线层型问题 

值得深入研究 = A proposal to further investigate 

the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary section 

at Dangyang Hubei Province. ( 中文 ). 李 

伟同 ; 刘耕武 ;Dennis R. Braman; 曹卫生 ; 陈钦 

保 ;Don Brinkman. 地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 

187-206 

陆生恐龙的绝灭是白垩系 - 古近系界线事 

件中最引人注目的。陆相地层是恐龙绝灭 

等事件信息的重要载体。全球白垩纪、古 

近纪陆相地层发育、分布广泛 , 单一的白垩 

系 - 古近系全球界线层型 ( GSSP) 不能满足 

建立一个明确而可操作的界线标准的需要 , 

建立陆相白垩系 2 古近系界线层型很有必 

要 , 其意义和重要性实际上不亚于建立 

GSSP。中国的白垩系、古近系绝大多数为 

陆相沉积 , 且陆相白垩系 - 古近系界线方面存 

在许多问题 , 而中国目前正在做陆相地层建 

171

阶和完善 “ 中国区域年代地层表 ” 工作 , 不解 

决好陆相白垩系 - 古近系界线问题 , 中国古近 

系最下面的一个阶便建不好 “, 中国区域年 

代地层表 ” 将不完善 , 所以建立陆相白垩系 - 

古近系界线层型对于中国更加迫切并具实 

际价值。全球白垩纪 - 古近纪过渡时期 ( 特别 

是古新世早期 ) 的连续陆相生物地层记录十 

分匮乏 , 寻找合适的剖面建立陆相白垩系 - 古 

近系界线层型非常困难。从轮藻角度出发 , 

湖北当阳跑马岗组露头剖面拥有全球迄今 

所知最连续丰富多样的白垩纪 - 古近纪过渡 

时期特别是古新世早期的陆相生物地层记 

录。界线层段的介形类生物地层记录也非 

常连续且丰富多样 , 并具建立界线层型的其 

他许多条件。它是中国至今所知惟一具有 

潜力成为全球 ( 或大区性、或中国 ) 的陆相 

白垩系 - 古近系界线层型、也即中生界 - 新生 

界界线层型的候选剖面 ( 露头剖面 ) , 从而也 

可能是中国古近系、也即新生界最下面一 

个阶的最合适的建阶剖面或层型剖面。为 

此 , 湖北当阳陆相白垩系 - 古近系界线层型问 

题无疑值得重视和深入研究。 

2010040586 

埕宁隆起北坡新近系层序地层格架与层序 

主控因素分析 = Sequence stratigraphy of 

Neogene in the northern slope of the 

Chengning Uplift. ( 中文 ). 陈蓉 ; 李勇 ; 丘东洲 ; 

袁淑琴 ; 刘子藏 . 地层学杂志 , 2010, 34(2): 

179-186 

根据构造演化及沉积响应特征 , 利用钻井 

取芯、岩屑录井、测井资料以及高分辨率 

地震资料 , 将埕宁隆起北坡新近系划分为 1 

个超长期、7 个长期旋回层序。通过精确的 

层序地层划分及井震对比 , 建立了研究区新 

近系的等时层序地层格架。在此基础上 , 对 

层序发育的主控因素进行了探讨 , 认为构造 

沉降、全球海平面变化、气候变化、地形 

因素及河流类型是埕宁隆起北坡新近系层 

序形成与发展的主要控制因素。高精度层 

序地层划分及层序地层格 

架的建立对埕宁隆起北坡新近系岩性油气 

藏的勘探开发具有重要指导意义。 

2010040587 

苏必利尔湖淡水喷发指示 9300 年前的寒冷 

事件 = Freshwater Outburst from Lake Superior 

as a Trigger for the Cold Event 9300 

Years Ago. ( 英文 ). Yu S Y; Colman S M; 

Lowell T V; Milne G A; Fisher T G; Breckenridge 

A; Boyd M; Teller J T. Science, 2010, 

328(5995): 1262-1266 

Paleoclimate proxy records reveal a pervasive 

cooling event with a Northern Hemispheric 

extent similar to 9300 years ago. Coeval 

changes in the oceanic circulation of the 

North Atlantic imply freshwater forcing. 

However, the source, magnitude, and routing 

of meltwater have remained unknown. Located 

in central North America, Lake Superior 

is a key site for regulating the outflow of glacial 

meltwater to the oceans. Here, we show 

evidence for an similar to 45-meter rapid lakelevel 

fall in this basin, centered on 9300 calibrated 

years before the present, due to the 

failure of a glacial drift dam on the southeast 

corner of the lake. We ascribe the widespread 

climate anomaly similar to 9300 years ago to 

this freshwater outburst delivered to the North 

Atlantic Ocean through the Lake Huron-North 

Bay-Ottawa River-St. Lawrence River valleys. 

2010040588 

挪威中部 Rodalen 阿尔卑斯山地区的植被 

和环境 , 着重于全新世早期 = Vegetation 

and environment of the Rodalen alpine area, 

Central Norway, with emphasis on the early 

Holocene. ( 英文 ). Paus A. Vegetation History 

and Archaeobotany, 2010, 19(1): 29-51 11 图 

版 . 

Detailed pollen analysis and pine megafossils 

from the immediate area of Rodalen in 

Central Norway have revealed new knowledge 

of Holocene alpine environments. A period of 

about 1,000 years characterised by pioneer 

herbs, dwarf-shrubs (Betula nana, Empetrum) 

and Juniperus followed the Holocene climatic 

amelioration. Local birch forest became established 

around 10.3 ka b.p., ca 150 years earlier 

than the local pine rise. Pine dominated at 

1,100 m a.s.l. from 9.9 to 8.5 ka b.p., followed 

by birch forests until 1.3 ka b.p. when deforestation 

occurred. Slightly after 6 ka b.p., pine 

forests disappeared from the valley floor (930 

m a.s.l.), an area that today is dominated by 

birch forest. Three short-lasting vegetational 

set-backs at ca 10.7, 10.5 and 10.3 ka b.p. may 

indicate climate oscillations. A temporary reduction 

of local forests reflects the Erdalen 

2/9.7 ka b.p. event. The influence of the 8.2 

event, superimposed on a cooling trend, lasted 

ca 400 years and involved a two-step vegetational 

regression: (1) A strong reduction of 

pine forests due to cooling and (2) reduction 

of alder due to cold and drought. Winter stress 

preventing pine regeneration may have caused 

scarcity of pine megafossils from the latter 

period. In the early Holocene, vegetation in 

the present alpine region was not in equilib- 

172

ium with temperature development. It is suggested 

that the birch forest establishment 

lagged by about 1,000 years due to drought, 

whereas winter stress may have delayed the 

establishment of pine even longer. 

2010040589 

晚全新世亚马逊沿海湿地的气候改变和海 

平面影响 = Impact of sea-level and climatic 

changes on the Amazon coastal wetlands during 

the late Holocene. ( 英文 ). Cohen MCL; 

Behling H; Lara R J; Smith C B; Matos HRS; 

Vedel V. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2009, 18(6): 425-439 5 图版 . 

Wetland dynamics in northern Brazil during 

the Holocene were studied by pollen analysis 

and AMS radiocarbon dating of three cores. 

Near the Amazon mouth region, covered 

mainly by primary Amazon coastal forest and 

herbaceous vegetation, the pollen record indicates 

the dominance of mangroves between 

4800 and 1100 cal yr B.P. A contraction of the 

mangrove area and an expansion of herbaceous 

and fern vegetation occurred between 

1100 and 750 cal yr B.P. The period between 

750 and 200 cal yr B.P. is characterized by an 

expansion of mangrove and a decrease in herbaceous 

and fern vegetation. This trend continued 

until the present. On Atalaia Island, the 

sediment core indicates a period with poor 

pollen preservation between 830 and 630 cal 

yr B.P. Between 630 and 330 cal yr B.P., 

mangroves expanded. Later, up to 45 cal yr 

B.P., the mangrove area decreased and the 

herbaceous vegetation expanded. During the 

last hundred years, the relative sea-level rise 

most probably favored the mangrove expansion 

as far as the topographically highest sector 

on this island, while the herbaceous vegetation 

decreased. The pollen data from Agua 

Preta Lake indicate dry conditions, as reflected 

by the poor pollen preservation between 

390 and 240 cal yr B.P. Between 240 

and 60 cal yr B.P., restinga and Amazon 

coastal forest with palms dominated this region. 

For the last 120 years, the record indicates 

an expansion of the mangrove area. 

However, recent confinement of mangrove 

development to the topographically highest 

area, and the loss of mangrove areas on the 

lowest surfaces have led to a net loss of mangrove 

coverage during the last decades. 

2010040590 

丹麦日德兰半岛西部埃斯比约地区全新世 

植被和环境历史 = Vegetational and environmental 

history during the Holocene in the 

Esbjerg area, west Jutland, Denmark. ( 英文 ). 

Kolstrup Else. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 

2009, 18(5): 351-369 3 图版 . 

A pollen diagram from a site in the Esbjerg 

area, western Denmark, is used for reconstruction 

of the Holocene vegetational and environmental 

history there. During the Atlantic 

there was a parallel development of the landscape 

to that of other areas in Jylland (Jutland). 

From the late Neolithic onwards the development 

took its own course related to the approaching 

North Sea, which periodically inundated 

parts of the Esbjerg area. The record 

reflects landscape development in a formerly 

marine valley where sediments seem to be 

missing from parts of the Bronze Age and the 

early Iron Age. Consequently the landscape 

development during these times is only reflected 

in glimpses in the vegetation record, 

which shows gradually more open woodland 

and increasing human impact. During the late 

part of the Iron Age, Viking period and Middle 

Ages, the woodland was diverse in taxa 

but became increasingly open, finally reaching 

a stage during which there may have been too 

little wood even for daily use. At the same 

time the use of the land intensified. During the 

Sub-Atlantic, the Esbjerg area offered good 

natural resources with extensive grazing areas 

in the marine marshes in addition to good possibilities 

for farming and use of the woodland 

on higher ground, but devastating floods occurred. 

2010040591 

西南极断裂系统 : 一个可能的新西兰 - 巴塔 

哥尼亚渐新世古生物地理连接 = West Antarctic 

Rift system: a possible New Zealand- 

Patagonia Oligocene paleobiogeographic link. 

( 英文 ). Casadio S; Nelson C; Taylor P; Griffin 

M; Gordon D. Ameghiniana: Revista de la 

asociacion Paleontologica Argentina, 2010, 

47(1): 129-132 

2010040592 

全新世末期阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚草原的植被 

变化和人类进驻 = Vegetation changes and 

human occupation in the Patagonian steppe, 

Argentina, during the late Holocene. ( 英文 ). 

De Porras M E; Mancini M V; Prieto A R. 

Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2009, 

18(3): 235-244 6 图版 . 

Vegetation changes during the late Holocene 

are interpreted from four fossil pollen 

sequences from two caves at the Los Toldos 

archaeological locality, Santa Cruz province, 

173

Argentina. Taphonomic processes are particularly 

taken into account in order to analyze the 

effects on the fossil pollen records of biotic 

factors such as human occupation and animals, 

and abiotic ones such as volcanic ash fall. 

Fossil pollen assemblages are interpreted using 

local modern pollen data. The main vegetation 

change occurred at ca. 3750 uncal b.p., 

when a shrub steppe of Asteraceae subf. Asteroideae 

with Schinus, Ephedra frustillata 

and a high proportion of grasses was replaced 

by a shrub steppe of Colliguaja integerrima 

and Asteraceae subf. Asteroideae. This change 

is synchronous with an archaeological record 

change and could be related either to moderate 

climatic variations or the effects of ash fall on 

the environment. Plant communities similar to 

the present-day ones were established in the 

Los Toldos area from ca. 3750 uncal b.p. 

2010040593 

意大利西北部第三纪皮德蒙特盆地的新露 

头和地下资料 : 不整合围限地层单元及其与 

盆地变化阶段的关系 = New outcrop and 

subsurface data in the Tertiary Piedmont Basin 

(NW-Italy): unconformity-bounded stratigraphic 

units and their relationships with basin-modification 

phases. ( 英文 ). Rossi M; 

Mosca P; Polino R; Rogledi S; Biffi U. Rivista 

Italiana di Paleontologia e stratigrafia, 2009, 

115(3): 305-335 

This paper deals with the regional stratigraphy 

around the Alps-Apennines junction during 

late Eocene-Miocene. The basin-fill architecture 

and its relation to changes in structural 

style were deciphered through the intergration 

of subsurface and outcrop data on the basis of 

seismic- and sequence-stratigraphy principles, 

respectively. 

2010040594 

利用高分辨率综合地层评估沉积序列中的 

重现 : ODP Hole 975B 的下上新统序列之一 

例 = Evaluating repetition in sedimentary successions 

using high resolution integrated 

stratigraphy: an example in the Lower Pliocene 

sequence of ODP Hole 975B. ( 英文 ). Di 

Stefano A. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e 

stratigrafia, 2010, 116(1): 51-61 

The present study, consisting of a high resolution 

stratigraphic analysis, demonstrates that 

the succession is affected by repetition. The 

section has been astrochronologically constrained 

through integration of detailed biostratigraphy 

and cyclostratigraphy, which 

permitted a precise evaluation of the lengh and 

duration of the duplicated interval. This result 

demonstrates the efficacy of integrated stratigraphy 

in solving wide-range geological problems. 

2010040595 

中中新世塞拉瓦尔阶全球层型剖面和点位 

(GSSP) (GSSP) = The Global Stratotype Section 

and Point (GSSP) of the Serravallian 

Stage (Middle Miocene). ( 英文 ). Hilgen F 

J;Abels H A ;Iaccarino S;Krijgsman W; Raffi 

I Sprovieri R;Turco E ;Zachariasse WJ. Episodes, 

2009, 32(3): 152-166 


(GSSP) for the Base of the Serravallian Stage 

(Middle Miocene) is defined in the Ras il 

Pelle grin section located in the coastal cliffs 

along the Fomm Ir-Rih Bay on the west coast 

of Malta (35 degrees 54'50"N, 14 degrees 

20'10"E). The GSSP is at the base of the Blue 

Clay Formation (i.e., top of the transitional 

bed of the uppermost Globigerina Limestone). 

This boundary between the Langhian and Serravallian 

stages coincides with the end of the 

major Mi-3b global cooling step in the oxygen 

isotopes and reflects a major increase in Antarctic 

ice volume, marking the end of the 

Middle Miocene climate transition and the 

Earth's transformation into an "Icehouse" climate 

state. The associated major glacioeustatic 

sea-level drop corresponds with sequence 

boundary Ser1 of Hardenbol et al. 

(1998) and supposedly with the TB2.5 sequence 

boundary of Hay et al (1987). This 

event is slightly older than the last common 

and/or continuous occurrence of the calcareous 

nannofossil Sphenolithus heteromorphus, 

previously considered as guiding criterion for 

the boundary, and is projected to fall within 

the younger half of Chron C5ACn. The GSSP 

level is in full agreement with the definitions 

of the Langhian and Serravallian in their respective 

historical stratotype sections in northern 

Italy and has an astronomical age of 13.82 

Ma. 

2010040596 

新生代古新世丹尼阶底部全球界线层型剖 

面和点位 (GSSP): 辅助剖面和对比 = The 

Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point 

for the base of the Danian Stage (Paleocene, 

Paleogene, "Tertiary", Cenozoic): auxiliary 

sections and correlation. ( 英文 ). Molina E; 

Alegret L; Arenillas I; Arz J A; Gallala N; 

Grajales-Nishimura J M; Murillo-Muneton G; 

Zaghbib-Turki D. Episodes, 2009, 32(2): 84- 

95 

174


(GSSP) for the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) 

boundary was defined at the base of the 

boundary clay at a section near El Kef, Tunisia, 

but the outcrop became quite deteriorated. 

In order to better characterize the boundary 

and to solve problems of correlation, several 

auxiliary sections are designed and described 

in detail including: Ain. Settara and Elles in 

Tunisia, Caravaca and Zumaya in Spain. 

Bidart in France and El Mulato and Bochil in 

Mexico. These sections are the most continuous, 

expanded and representative of marine 

sedimentation in areas proximal and distal to 

the Chicxulub meteorite impact site. In addition, 

these sections are classical, very well 

known, physically accessible, have been exhaustively 

studied and allow a very detailed 

global correlation. The correlation criteria 

used were the meteorite impact evidence (Ir 

anomaly, Ni-rich spinel, etc.) and the mass 

extinction of planktic micro- and nannofossils. 

Furthermore, it was proposed that the K/Pg 

boundary is marked exactly by the moment of 

the meteorite impact, which implies that all 

the sediments generated by the impact belong 

to the Paleogene. While in distal areas to the 

impact site the K/Pg boundary coincides with 

a millimetre-thick rusty layer, in proximal areas 

the K/Pg boundary correlates to the base 

of a metre-thick Clastic Unit, including a thick 

calcareous breccia in the sections closer to the 

impact crater. 

2010040597 

埃及达赫拉绿洲更新世中期洪积湖的古环 

境再造和水平衡 = Paleoenvironmental reconstruction 

and water balance of a mid- 

Pleistocene pluvial lake, Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt. 

( 英文 ). Kieniewicz J M; Smith J M. Geological 

Society of America Bulletin, 2009, 121(7- 

8): 1154-1171 

Mid-Pleistocene lacustrine sediments exposed 

as erosional remnants in Dakhleh Oasis 

in the Western Desert of Egypt provide evidence 

for a more humid climate than that 

which persists today. The sediments range in 

facies from palustrine to fully lacustrine and 

generally reflect an increase in water depth 

upward through the strata. Ironstone spring 

deposits associated with the lacustrine sediments 

and modern artesian discharge in the 

oasis indicate that Nubian aquifer water was 

probably an important component of the water 

balance, but the high carbonate content of the 

lake sediments requires the input of surface 

drainage derived from the nearby limestonecapped 

Libyan Plateau. Although definitive 

shorelines have not been observed, a maximum 

lake size of 1735 km 2 is derived from 

extrapolation of the elevations of the deposits 

onto the modern deflated topography. Theoretical 

water balance modeling suggests that in 

addition to the discharge derived from the Nubian 

aquifer, ~410–860 mm/yr of rainfall 

would be required over the Dakhleh Oasis 

drainage basin in order to maintain the lake at 

hydrologic steady state. The persistence of 

climatic and hydrologic conditions amenable 

to maintaining a shallow freshwater lake 

would have allowed the region to be inhabited 

by a savanna fauna, as well as early human 

groups. 

2010040598 

前乌拉尔精确的第四纪地层表和南乌拉尔 

地区的主要事件 = The refined Quaternary 

stratigraphic scale of the Fore-Urals and main 

events in Southern Urals Region. ( 英文 ). Danukalova 

G A. Stratigraphy and Geological 

Correlation, 2010, 18(3): 331-348 

The refined Quaternary stratigraphic scale 

of the Cisuralian and Bashkortostan regions, 

approved by the Commission on the Quaternary 

System of the Interdepartmental Stratigraphic 

Committee in 2007, includes the Eopleistocene 

(with three superhorizons and 

seven horizons), Neopleistocene (with three 

superhorizons and 13 horizons), and Holocene 

(one horizon and three subhorizons). The first 

defined Holocene Agidel Horizon with three 

subhorizons, the Middle Neopleistocene Klimovka, 

and the Upper Neopleistocene 

Kushnarenkovo Horizon are correlated with 

the Shuvalov, Gorka, and Mikulino horizons, 

respectively. New names and reference sections 

are proposed for all the Eopleistocene 

units. Local formations are proposed for the 

horizons, whose stratotypes are located in the 

northern Fore-Urals. The Quaternary stratigraphic 

scale is correlated with similar scales 

of the Urals, the East European Platform, and 

the Lower Volga region. The scale takes into 

account all the available data derived from the 

analysis of original (sediments, faunal and 

floral remains), published, and archival materials, 

which make it possible to trace in detail 

the main Quaternary events that occurred in 

the Fore-Urals. 

2010040599 

日本西南部九州南部中至晚上新世上 

Miyazaki 群综合地层学 = Integrated stratigraphy 

of the Middle to Late Pliocene upper 

175

Miyazaki Group, southern Kyushu, Southwest 

Japan. ( 英文 ). Morimoto J; Oda M; Torii M; 

Chiyonobu S; Shibuya H; Domitsu H. Stratigraphy, 

2010, 7(1): 25-32 

Neogene sedimentary deposits are present 

in the Miyazaki region, southern Kyushu, on 

the Pacific side of southwestern Japan. The 

upper part of the Miyazaki Group, exposed in 

the Tsuma-Takanabe region of northern Miyazaki, 

is divided into the Tsuma. Sadowara, and 

Takanabe formations, in ascending order, and 

contains a planktic foraminiferal and calcareous 

nannofossil record of Pliocene events of 

the mid-latitude northwestern Pacific. The 

geological age of these units is based on magneto- 

and biostratigraphy. Five calcareous 

nannofossil datum horizons are recognized: 

the last occurrence (LO) of Reticulofenestra 

pseudoumbilicus, the termination of acme 

zone II of Reticulofenestra minutula var. C, 

the LO of R. minutula var. B, calcareous 

nannofossil datum plane A, and the termination 

of acme zone I of R. minutula var. C. Six 

planktic foraminiferal bioevents are also recognized: 

a coiling direction change, from sinistral 

to dextral, in the genus Pulleniatina; the 

first occurrence (FO) of Globorotalia crassaformis; 

the LOs of Globorotalia margaritae, 

Sphaeroidinellopsis seminulina, and Dentoglobigerina 

altispira; and the FO of 

Neogloboquadrina asanoi. The presence of 

two calcareous nannofossil bioevents, Datum 

A and the termination of acme zone I of R. 

minitula var. C, suggests that the normal and 

reversed polarity intervals of the upper part of 

the Takanabe Formation correspond to Chron 

C2An.1n (latest Gauss Normal Epoch) and 

Chron C2r.2r (earliest Matuyama Reversed 

Epoch), respectively. Based on combined floral 

and faunal data and magnetostratigraphic 

chron boundaries from the ATNTS2004, the 

upper part of the Miyazaki Group is Middle to 

Late Pliocene in age. 

from Vardarian ophiolites. Wackestones from 

the southwest of Samothraki contain a moderately 

well-preserved calcareous microfossil 

assemblage, comprising Nummulites fabianii, 

Nummulites striatus, Pellatispira sp., and Operculina 

sp., indicating an early Priabonian 

age. 

2010040600 

希腊东北部 Samothraki 岛始新世沉积的地 

球化学和生物地层 = Geochemistry and biostratigraphy 

of Eocene sediments from 

Samothraki Island, NE Greece. ( 英文 ). Meinhold 

G; BouDagher-Fadel M. Neues Jahrbuch 


2010, 256(1): 17-38 

Detrital chrome spinel chemistry indicates a 

mixed source of MOR-type peridotites and 

supra-subduction zone peridotites, and minor 

volcanic rocks, supposedly island-arc basalts 

and MORB-type rocks, most likely deived 

176

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