Europes ecological backbone.pdf

Contents
7 Land cover and uses........................................................................................... 110
7.1 Dominant landscape types...............................................................................111
7.2 Land cover in mountain areas..........................................................................112
7.3 Land cover changes in mountain massifs and countries........................................117
7.4 European designations of land uses in mountain areas........................................132
8 Biodiversity........................................................................................................ 142
8.1 Mountain species and habitats linked to the EU Habitats Directive.........................143
8.2 Birds and their habitats...................................................................................150
8.3 Impacts of climate change...............................................................................152
9 Protected areas.................................................................................................. 161
9.1 Natura 2000 sites...........................................................................................164
9.2 Nationally designated areas.............................................................................174
9.3 Connectivity and adaptation to climate change...................................................184
10 Integrated approaches to understanding mountain regions............................... 187
10.1 Mountains and rurality....................................................................................187
10.2 Natural and environmental assets of mountain areas...........................................190
10.3 Mountains and wilderness................................................................................192
References.............................................................................................................. 202
Appendix 1 Mountain species in the Habitats Directive........................................... 237
Appendix 2 Mountain habitat types in the Habitats Directive.................................. 244
4 Europe's ecological backbone: recognising the true value of our mountains