The 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry - Platinum Metals Review
The 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry - Platinum Metals Review
The 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry - Platinum Metals Review
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doi:10.1595/147106711X558301<br />
•Plat<strong>in</strong>um <strong>Metals</strong> Rev., 2011, 55, (2)•<br />
In order to address the issue of residual palladium<br />
<strong>in</strong> the f<strong>in</strong>al product, several solid-supported<br />
preformed palladium complexes have been developed<br />
and launched onto the catalyst market<br />
(54–56).<br />
Conclusions<br />
Palladium-catalysed cross-coupl<strong>in</strong>g is of great importance<br />
to real world applications <strong>in</strong> the pharmaceutical,<br />
agrochemicals, f<strong>in</strong>e chemicals and electronics<br />
<strong>in</strong>dustries. <strong>The</strong> area has developed quite rapidly<br />
beyond the work of Heck, Negishi and Suzuki,<br />
though all three reactions are widely used. Academic<br />
groups such as those of Beller, Buchwald, Fu, Hartwig<br />
and Nolan as well as <strong>in</strong>dustrial groups such as that<br />
at Johnson Matthey, are now develop<strong>in</strong>g the field even<br />
further. Buchwald-Hartwig coupl<strong>in</strong>g has become particularly<br />
important for develop<strong>in</strong>g compounds conta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />
carbon–nitrogen bonds for applications <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong>dustry, as well as α-arylation of carbonyl compounds<br />
such as ketones, esters, amides, aldehydes<br />
etc., and nitriles (57). <strong>The</strong> significant growth of crosscoupl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
reactions can be summarised <strong>in</strong> Professor<br />
K. C. Nicolaou’s words:<br />
“In the last quarter of the 20th century, a new<br />
paradigm for carbon–carbon bond formation has<br />
emerged that has enabled considerably the prowess<br />
of synthetic organic chemists to assemble complex<br />
molecular frameworks and has changed the way<br />
we th<strong>in</strong>k about synthesis”(58).<br />
More detailed articles summaris<strong>in</strong>g the history of<br />
cross-coupl<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the context of the <strong>2010</strong> <strong>Nobel</strong> <strong>Prize</strong><br />
<strong>in</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong> with an outlook on the future of crosscoupl<strong>in</strong>g<br />
will be published elsewhere (59, 60).<br />
Glossary<br />
Ligand<br />
A ta -Phos<br />
Cy<br />
dppf<br />
dtbpf<br />
Np<br />
Ph<br />
Q-Phos<br />
t Bu<br />
Name<br />
p-dimethylam<strong>in</strong>ophenyl(di-tert-butyl)phosph<strong>in</strong>e<br />
cyclohexyl<br />
1,1′-bis(diphenylphosph<strong>in</strong>o)ferrocene<br />
1,1′-bis(di-tert-butylphosph<strong>in</strong>o)ferrocene<br />
neopentyl<br />
phenyl<br />
1,2,3,4,5-pentaphenyl-1′-(di-tert-butylphosph<strong>in</strong>o)ferrocene<br />
tert-butyl<br />
References<br />
1 T. Colacot, Plat<strong>in</strong>um <strong>Metals</strong> Rev., 2008, 52, (3), 172<br />
2 “Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupl<strong>in</strong>g Reactions”, 2nd Edn.,<br />
eds. A. de Meijere and F. Diederich, Wiley-VCH,<br />
We<strong>in</strong>heim, Germany, 2004<br />
3 C. Barnard, Plat<strong>in</strong>um <strong>Metals</strong> Rev., 2008, 52, (1), 38<br />
4 ‘Scientific Background on the <strong>Nobel</strong> <strong>Prize</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Chemistry</strong><br />
<strong>2010</strong>: Palladium-Catalyzed Cross Coupl<strong>in</strong>gs <strong>in</strong> Organic<br />
Synthesis’, <strong>The</strong> Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences,<br />
Stockholm, Sweden, 6th October, <strong>2010</strong>: http://<br />
nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/<strong>2010</strong>/sci.<br />
html (Accessed on 24 January 2011)<br />
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17 M. Kumada, <strong>in</strong> “Organotransition Metal <strong>Chemistry</strong>”, eds.<br />
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1975, p. 211<br />
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