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DPM Control Strategies at Leeville Mine - SME

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<strong>DPM</strong> <strong>Control</strong> <strong>Str<strong>at</strong>egies</strong> <strong>at</strong> <strong>Leeville</strong> <strong>Mine</strong><br />

Troy Terrillion & Sandeep Arya<br />

<strong>Leeville</strong> Mining i Complex<br />

Newmont USA Limited


<strong>Mine</strong> Loc<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

Carlin Trend<br />

Midas<br />

Exodus<br />

<strong>Leeville</strong><br />

Pete Bajo<br />

Chukar<br />

2


<strong>Leeville</strong> mine - Timeline<br />

Production shaft<br />

Ventil<strong>at</strong>ion shaft<br />

Newmont’s first underground mine accessed via a shaft in Nevada<br />

1994 – Discovery hole drilled<br />

2002 – Development of <strong>Leeville</strong> Decline from Carlin East <strong>Mine</strong> begins<br />

2003 – Vent & Prod. Shafts construction begins<br />

2004 – Connection with ug workings and Vent Shaft established<br />

2006 – Completion of Production Shaft<br />

2008 – Production <strong>at</strong> 3500 tpd sustained<br />

2010 – Nov. – 2 Million Oz gold mined<br />

Current – 1.7M tons/yr ore production; >3M tons/yr m<strong>at</strong>erial movement; 3


Primary Mining Methods<br />

Conventional Long Hole Stoping: Requires Bottom Cut<br />

Blind Bench Stoping: Bottom Cut Not Required<br />

AVOCA Stoping: Requires dual access<br />

Up hole Stoping: Primarily used near the end of mine life and on the periphery<br />

of the deposits and filled using slurry.<br />

Cut & Fill/Drift Mining: Where other Stoping methods not applicable<br />

4


<strong>Mine</strong> Equipment fleet<br />

Equipment Type # Make / Model<br />

Rock bolters: 10 Tamrocks 5 Robolt 5’s 5s and2Robolt 7’s 7s +3<br />

contractors<br />

Jumbos 5 Tamrocks 2 twin booms and 1 single boom +<br />

2 contractors<br />

Bench drills 5 Tamrocks / Cubex – 2 solo’s & 3 Cubex<br />

Loaders 14 Atlas Copco’s & C<strong>at</strong> – 7-6yd 2-4yd +<br />

contractors<br />

Jammers 3 2-4yd LHD’s & 1 6CN LHD<br />

Trucks 20 11 EJC Teledumps – 30ton capacity+ 2 CAT<br />

AD30+7 contractors.<br />

Shotcrete 11 Normet units – 3 sprayers & 8 remix trucks<br />

Powder trucks 3 Getmans + Contractors<br />

Utility gear and others 119 W<strong>at</strong>er trucks, dozers, grader, transport,<br />

Forklifts, tractors, Mantrips<br />

Approxim<strong>at</strong>e ≈ 30,000 engine name pl<strong>at</strong>e BHP<br />

5


<strong>DPM</strong> control str<strong>at</strong>egies<br />

http://genzoman.deviantart.com/art/Poseidon-154363770<br />

6and Google Images


Collabor<strong>at</strong>ive effort – A Must for success<br />

Management<br />

Industrial<br />

Hygiene<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>ions<br />

<strong>DPM</strong><br />

<strong>Control</strong><br />

Str<strong>at</strong>egy<br />

Safety<br />

Maintenance<br />

Engineering<br />

7


<strong>DPM</strong> <strong>Control</strong> <strong>Str<strong>at</strong>egies</strong><br />

Reduce Emissions Source<br />

Altern<strong>at</strong>ive Diesel Engines<br />

Engine Emissions based<br />

maintenance program<br />

Altern<strong>at</strong>ive Fuels<br />

Engine exhaust after-tre<strong>at</strong>ment<br />

devices<br />

Altern<strong>at</strong>ives to diesel engines<br />

Minimize Concentr<strong>at</strong>ion Level<br />

<strong>Mine</strong> and Ventil<strong>at</strong>ion planning<br />

Reduce Personnel Exposure<br />

Environmental Cabs<br />

Training and Administr<strong>at</strong>ive<br />

controls<br />

Replacing high emissions engines with lower emissions engines.<br />

Use of Tier 4i engines.<br />

Engine diagnostics<br />

Exhaust gas monitoring<br />

Use of Bio-diesel B5 to B50 blend<br />

Install<strong>at</strong>ion of soot traps on production equipment<br />

Evalu<strong>at</strong>ing use of electric trucks and paste fill in future mine<br />

plans to reduce <strong>DPM</strong> exposure.<br />

Efficient ventil<strong>at</strong>ion and mine planning. Flow through ventil<strong>at</strong>ion.<br />

Restricting activities based on airflow available.<br />

Fully enclosed environmental cabs with HVAC and HEPA filter<br />

systems.<br />

Training mine personnel regarding regul<strong>at</strong>ions and action plan.<br />

Development of ventil<strong>at</strong>ion hazards SOP and standard task<br />

procedures for emissions based maintenance program<br />

8


Reduce Emission Source -<br />

Use of bio-diesel (B5 to B50)<br />

9


In-house isol<strong>at</strong>ed zone study<br />

Fuel<br />

After-<br />

tre<strong>at</strong>ment<br />

device<br />

5040 D<strong>at</strong>a % Change<br />

EC OC TC<br />

TC<br />

TC<br />

TC<br />

(EC+OC) =ECx1.3 (EC+OC) (ECx1.3)<br />

ULSD DOC 589 88 678 766 14% 8%<br />

B50 DOC 252 36 288 328 -51% -54%<br />

B70 DOC 161 66 227 209 -62% -71%<br />

B99 DOC 92 39 130 119 -78% -83%<br />

B50 DPF 33 67 100 43 -83% -94%<br />

ULSD DOC 547 48 595 711 Base Base<br />

Note: % Change is Variance From Base Trial 5 ULSD<br />

Terrillion, Starbuck, Leishman - 2008<br />

10


Reduce Emissions Source<br />

Altern<strong>at</strong>ive Diesel Engines<br />

Replaced high emissions (gm/hp-hr) engines with lower emissions engines<br />

• Mercedes 904, 906, and 926 series and<br />

• Detroit Series 50 and 60 series<br />

• Tier 4i (interim) i engine (Mercedes Benz OM926LA EU3b-T4i -322HP<br />

-7.2L)<br />

Altern<strong>at</strong>ives to Diesel Engines<br />

• Evalu<strong>at</strong>ing Electric trucks usage<br />

• Evalu<strong>at</strong>ing usage of Pastefill as backfill in mine thus reducing truck fleet<br />

11


Emissions Based Maintenance Program (EBMP)<br />

1. Initi<strong>at</strong>ed in l<strong>at</strong>er half of 2008<br />

2. Design<strong>at</strong>ed specific people to follow through<br />

h<br />

3. Design<strong>at</strong>ed a specific place to perform repairs in UG maintenance shop<br />

4. Obtained certific<strong>at</strong>ion d<strong>at</strong>a from MSHA and engine builders for<br />

comparison<br />

5. Developed base lines for all equipment above 147hp<br />

6. Began comprehensive diagnostics and repair str<strong>at</strong>egy<br />

7. Implemented comprehensive d<strong>at</strong>a tracking of DPF’s s, each piece of<br />

equipment, comparing engine serial #’s with HP r<strong>at</strong>ings etc.<br />

8. Removed DPF’s off of loader fleet until l<strong>at</strong>er d<strong>at</strong>e.<br />

9. Once tuned, installed DPF’s to haulage fleet<br />

10.Critical for success<br />

12


Diesel Emissions Testing Bay<br />

13


Emissions Reductions Percentages<br />

Equipment Emissions D<strong>at</strong>a<br />

DOC/DPF DOC DOC DCL Ultra<br />

<strong>Mine</strong>:<br />

<strong>Leeville</strong><br />

<strong>Leeville</strong><br />

<strong>Leeville</strong><br />

Unit Number: UHT062 UHT063<br />

ULD045<br />

Unit Type, Mfg. & Model; Engine Mfg., Model, Hp.:<br />

DOC Mfg., Model, Exhaust Diameter:<br />

Exhaust Analyzer Make & Model: Enerac 500ECOM AC ECOM AC ECOM AC Enerac 500ECOM AC<br />

D<strong>at</strong>e: 06/08/09 08/03/09 08/05/09 08/05/09 06/25/09 08/03/09<br />

Loc<strong>at</strong>ion DDS 12 DDS 12 DDS 12 DDS 12 4490 415<br />

Time<br />

Hour Meter Reading: 10,039 10,766 8,752 8,752 12,003 12,261<br />

Hour Meter When DOC/DPF installed<br />

Cumul hours on DOC/DPF<br />

Pre Test Post Test % Change Pre Test Post Test % Change Pre Test Post Test % Change<br />

Boost Pressure 21.0 31.0 48 21.0 31.0 48 21.6 28.0 30<br />

TPS Counts 144/756 771.0 108/768<br />

Fuel Pressure 26/62 62.0 38/62<br />

Cut out Test YES YES<br />

No cutout pulse 4.7 5.0 4.8<br />

1-4 Pulse Width<br />

1 49 4.9 55 5.5 57 5.7<br />

2 5.0 5.5 5.7<br />

3 4.9 5.5 5.6<br />

4 5.1 5.7 5.6<br />

Response Times<br />

1 .88 .82 .85<br />

2 .83 .83 .83<br />

3 .83 .80 .82<br />

4 .88 .80 .80<br />

R<strong>at</strong>ed RPM 2100 2,100 2100<br />

RPM Stall Speed 1629 1850.0 14 1,665 1,812 9 1850 2,100 14<br />

Fault Y/N<br />

High Idle Torque Stall<br />

Temp. Air 76.0 73.0 66.0 67.0 76.0 86.0<br />

Temp Gas 654.0 718.0 779.0 795.0 719.0 791.0<br />

O 2 % 9.7 10.1 4 9.1 9.3 2 10.4 9.5 -9<br />

CO ppm 201.0 31.0 -85 237.0 52.0 -78 144.0 49.0 -66<br />

NO ppm 1022.0 419.0 -59 1131.0 454.0 -60 387.0 370.0 -4<br />

NO 2 ppm 43.0 18.0 -58 59.0 24.0 -59 14.0 14.0 0<br />

NOx ppm 1065.0 437.0 -59 1190.0 478.0 -60 401.0 384.0 -4<br />

CO 2 % 8.3 8.0 -4 8.7 8.6 -1 7.8 8.5 9<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or Noise Db<br />

Smoke No. 6 3 -50 6 4 -33 6 4 -33<br />

Back Pres. In. W.G. 22.0<br />

Gear 3<br />

14


ECS Passive and Active DPF – 2006<br />

Make/Model<br />

ECS Passive and Active DPF<br />

Construction type Ceramic Monolith Wallflow<br />

Equipment Elphinestone Loaders with<br />

906 Mercedes/ Atlas Copco<br />

ST 6 yard<br />

Expense<br />

High overall (oven,<br />

regener<strong>at</strong>ion and equipment<br />

st<strong>at</strong>ion and DPF)<br />

PM reduction High (85%-95%)<br />

CO<br />

None. Need additional DOC.<br />

NO 2<br />

Increased<br />

Additive required No<br />

Back pressure Low<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or interaction<br />

No (No monitor installed)<br />

required<br />

Regener<strong>at</strong>ion type Required removal and lengthy<br />

regener<strong>at</strong>ion process for<br />

passive filters (12 hours)<br />

DPF Regener<strong>at</strong>ion St<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

15


NETT “S” Series Passive DPF – 2008<br />

Make/Model NETT “S” Series Passive<br />

DPF<br />

Construction Cordierite Monolith Wallflow<br />

type<br />

with proprietary co<strong>at</strong>ing<br />

Equipment Atlas Copco ST1020,<br />

EJC30sx Haulage Trucks<br />

Expense Moder<strong>at</strong>e<br />

PM reduction High (95%)<br />

CO 90-100%<br />

NO 2<br />

NO 2 suppressant (metal<br />

c<strong>at</strong>alyst)<br />

Additive<br />

No<br />

required<br />

Back pressure Low<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or Minimal with Back pressure<br />

interaction monitoring<br />

required<br />

Regener<strong>at</strong>ion Passive.<br />

type<br />

16


DPF – 2009 - 2010<br />

Make/Model<br />

Construction type<br />

DCL “F series" Ultra Flow-Through<br />

Passive DPF<br />

Metallic substr<strong>at</strong>e trapezoidal duct and<br />

metal fiber fleece<br />

Utility Equipment 904 Mercedes, 174HP<br />

Expense<br />

Moder<strong>at</strong>e<br />

PM reduction Limited (≈ 20%)<br />

CO<br />

90% reduction<br />

NO 2<br />

Increased. No suppressant.<br />

Additive required No<br />

Back pressure<br />

Low<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or interaction No<br />

Regener<strong>at</strong>ion type<br />

Passive<br />

Other<br />

No special dampening required<br />

Fit and Forget it<br />

Make/Model Mann+Hummel SMF-AR DPF<br />

Construction type Sintered Metal Filter with Autom<strong>at</strong>ic<br />

Regener<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

Equipment Haulage truck, Mercedes 926, 322 HP<br />

Expense<br />

High<br />

PM reduction High (99%)<br />

CO Decreased (50-60%)<br />

NO2<br />

No increase<br />

Additive required Yes ($125/gal)<br />

Back pressure High (improperly sized unit)<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or Yes. Backpressure monitoring<br />

interaction<br />

required<br />

Regener<strong>at</strong>ion type<br />

On board electrical regener<strong>at</strong>ion via<br />

systems electrical coil<br />

Other<br />

Easy ash cleaning, Solid construction,<br />

Own control module for system monitoring<br />

17


UHT055<br />

Equipment Emissions D<strong>at</strong>a<br />

DOC/DPF DPF DPF DPF<br />

<strong>Mine</strong>:<br />

<strong>Leeville</strong><br />

<strong>Leeville</strong><br />

<strong>Leeville</strong><br />

Unit Number:<br />

UHT055<br />

UHT055<br />

UHT055<br />

Unit Type, Mfg. & Model; Engine Mfg., Model, Hp.:<br />

DOC Mfg., Model, Exhaust Diameter:<br />

Exhaust Analyzer Make & Model: Enerac ECOM AC ECOM AC<br />

D<strong>at</strong>e: 05/06/10 05/19/10 05/27/10<br />

Loc<strong>at</strong>ion Surface Shop Emissions Bay Emissions Bay<br />

Time<br />

Hour Meter Reading:<br />

6 PLD<br />

Hour Meter When DOC/DPF installed 1 PLD<br />

Cumul hours on DOC/DPF 5<br />

Pre DPF Post DPF % Change Pre DPF Post DPF % Change Pre DPF Post DPF % Change<br />

Boost Pressure 2520.0 2580.0<br />

TPS Counts<br />

Fuel Pressure<br />

Cut out Test<br />

No cutout pulse<br />

1-4 Pulse Width<br />

1<br />

2<br />

3<br />

4<br />

Response Times<br />

1<br />

2<br />

3<br />

4<br />

R<strong>at</strong>ed RPM<br />

RPM Stall Speed 1750 1,785<br />

Fault Y/N<br />

High Idle Torque Stall<br />

Temp. Air 66.0 67.0 69.0 71.0 67.0<br />

Temp Gas 712.0 753.0 782.0 690.0 885.0<br />

O 2 % 8.0 8.1 7.6 7.3 7.2<br />

CO ppm 334.0 104.0 -69 528.0 229.0 -57 656.0<br />

NO ppm 716.0 726.0 1 679.0 721.0 6 726.0<br />

NO 2 ppm 29.0 21.0 -28 42.0 16.0 -62 26.0<br />

NOx ppm 746.0 748.0 0 721.0 737.0 2 752.0<br />

CO 2 % 9.6 9.5 9.8 10.0 10.1<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or Noise Db<br />

Smoke No. 5 0 -100 6.5 0 -100 6<br />

Back Pres. In. W.G. 32.0 38.0 42.0<br />

Gear 3<br />

18


Make/Model<br />

Construction type<br />

Equipment<br />

Airflow C<strong>at</strong>alyst - EZCAT<br />

AirFlow C<strong>at</strong>alyst EZC<strong>at</strong><br />

Ceramic Monolith w/ Proprietary Co<strong>at</strong>ing<br />

Light, medium, and heavy duty applic<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

Expense<br />

High<br />

PM reduction High (≈ 97%)<br />

CO Decreased (≈ 94%)<br />

NO 2<br />

Increase<br />

Additive required<br />

No<br />

Back pressure<br />

Low.<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or interaction required<br />

No and Easy Install<strong>at</strong>ion. BP monitor recommended<br />

Regener<strong>at</strong>ion type<br />

Passive regener<strong>at</strong>ion requiring no external cooking. Wrapping assists in<br />

regener<strong>at</strong>ion in lower HP applic<strong>at</strong>ions<br />

19


DCL & PuriTech DPF<br />

Make/Model<br />

DCL- Passive DPF<br />

Construction type<br />

Cordierite Monolith with<br />

Proprietary Co<strong>at</strong>ing<br />

Equipment<br />

Haulage truck<br />

Expense<br />

Moder<strong>at</strong>e<br />

PM reduction High (≈ 90%)<br />

CO<br />

70% reduction<br />

NO 2<br />

Low<br />

Additive required<br />

No<br />

Back pressure<br />

Low<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or interaction Minimal with back pressure<br />

required<br />

monitoring<br />

Regener<strong>at</strong>ion type Passive regener<strong>at</strong>ion with level 1<br />

cleaning (Dep. on app. & temp.)<br />

Make/Model<br />

Puri Tech DAS DBS<br />

Construction type<br />

Silicon Carbide with Proprietary Co<strong>at</strong>ing<br />

Equipment<br />

Haulage truck<br />

Expense<br />

Moder<strong>at</strong>e<br />

PM reduction High (≈ 90%)<br />

CO<br />

100% reduction<br />

NO 2<br />

Low NOx<br />

Additive required<br />

Hydrocarbon injection<br />

Back pressure<br />

Low<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or interaction required Minimal with Back pressure monitoring<br />

Regener<strong>at</strong>ion type<br />

Passive/Active system depending on<br />

unit, back pressure, and duty cycle<br />

Other<br />

Easy install<strong>at</strong>ion. Size is smaller for HP.<br />

20


Airflow MinNo DPF<br />

Make/Model<br />

AirFlow MinNo C<strong>at</strong> DPF<br />

Equipment Emissions D<strong>at</strong>a<br />

DOC/DPF<br />

Construction type Silicone Carbide with Proprietary <strong>Mine</strong>:<br />

co<strong>at</strong>ing<br />

Unit Number:<br />

Equipment Haulage truck (eg. UHT 057)<br />

DOC Mfg., Model, Exhaust Diameter:<br />

Expense<br />

Moder<strong>at</strong>e<br />

Exhaust Analyzer Make & Model:<br />

PM reduction High (≈ 97%)<br />

Loc<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

CO<br />

Time<br />

+80% reduction<br />

Hour Meter Reading:<br />

NO 2<br />

Low NO with nominal change in NOx Hour Meter When DOC/DPF installed<br />

Additive required No<br />

Back pressure<br />

Low<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or interaction Minimal with back pressure<br />

required<br />

monitoring<br />

Regener<strong>at</strong>ion type Passive regener<strong>at</strong>ion system<br />

Other<br />

Stainless Steel construction, Easy<br />

Install<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

4<br />

DPF<br />

<strong>Leeville</strong><br />

UHT057<br />

Unit Type, Mfg. & Model; Engine Mfg., Model, Hp.:<br />

ECOM AC<br />

D<strong>at</strong>e: 01/25/12<br />

DETB<br />

22143 DDEC<br />

SAME<br />

Cumul hours on DOC/DPF 0<br />

Pre DPF<br />

Boost Pressure 31.9<br />

TPS Counts<br />

Fuel Pressure<br />

Cut out Test<br />

No cutout pulse<br />

1-4 Pulse Width<br />

1<br />

2<br />

3<br />

EJC 30 SX Sandvik R<br />

AirFlow MinNo C<strong>at</strong>. M<br />

Post DPF % Change<br />

Response Times<br />

1<br />

2<br />

3<br />

4<br />

R<strong>at</strong>ed RPM<br />

RPM Stall Speed 1690<br />

Fault Y/N<br />

Fuel Temper<strong>at</strong>ure 77<br />

Coolant Temper<strong>at</strong>ure 180<br />

Oil Temper<strong>at</strong>ure 160<br />

Air Temper<strong>at</strong>ure 88<br />

High Idle Torque Stall<br />

Temp. Air 68.0 69.0<br />

Temp Gas 832.0 695.0<br />

O 2 % 9.0 8.8<br />

CO ppm 76.0 10.0 -87<br />

NO ppm 705.0 696.0 -1<br />

NO 2 ppm 41.0 61.0 49<br />

NOx ppm 746.0 757.0 1<br />

CO 2 % 8.8 8.9<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or Noise Db<br />

Smoke No. 5 0 -100<br />

Back Pres. In. W.G. 20.0<br />

Gear 3<br />

21


Mercedes T4i engine with SCR<br />

- Mercedes Benz OM926LA EU3b-T4i<br />

- Non EGR/ All controls are internal<br />

- Tier 2 applic<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

- No particul<strong>at</strong>e filter<br />

- Low gm/HP-HR HR<br />

- SCR system has its own integr<strong>at</strong>ed control module th<strong>at</strong> communic<strong>at</strong>es<br />

through CAN bus with engine MR2 to control sequence of events.<br />

- Will not dose if c<strong>at</strong>alyst is below 200 degrees C.<br />

- If NOx is above set limit, post c<strong>at</strong>alyst, engine will de-r<strong>at</strong>e.<br />

- DEF consumption r<strong>at</strong>e varies 3%-11%. (Depending on duty cycle)<br />

- Non toxic<br />

- Comprised of 32.7% synthetic Urea/ 67.3% w<strong>at</strong>er<br />

22


Tier 4 i Engine on UHT059<br />

Urea Tank<br />

Metering Device<br />

Injection Nozzle<br />

Pump Housing<br />

Filter housing<br />

Coolant Bundles<br />

23


SCR C<strong>at</strong>alyst<br />

Downstream NOx<br />

Sensor<br />

Downstream<br />

Temp Sensor<br />

Upstream<br />

Temp sensor<br />

24


Reduction Percentage<br />

Equipment Emissions D<strong>at</strong>a<br />

DOC/DPF<br />

SCR<br />

<strong>Mine</strong>:<br />

<strong>Leeville</strong><br />

Unit Number:<br />

UHT059<br />

Unit Type, Mfg. & Model; Engine Mfg., Model, Hp.: Tamrock EJC 30sx W/Mercedes 926 T4i w/SCR 322 HP<br />

DOC Mfg., Model, Exhaust Diameter:<br />

SCR Mercedes 4" Exhaust<br />

Exhaust Analyzer Make & Model: ECOM AC ECOM AC ECOM AC<br />

D<strong>at</strong>e: 02/24/11 03/10/11 04/28/11<br />

Loc<strong>at</strong>ion Emissions Bay<br />

Emissions Bay Emissions Bay<br />

Oil Change<br />

Hour Meter Reading: 101 MR2 631 MR2<br />

Hour Meter When DOC/DPF installed 3.3 PLD 1 MR2 1 MR2<br />

Cumul hours on DOC/DPF 100 630<br />

Pre SCR Post SCR % Change Pre SCR Post SCR % Change Pre SCR Post SCR % Change<br />

Boost Pressure 37lbs #VALUE! 37lbs #VALUE! 36lbs #VALUE!<br />

TPS Counts<br />

Fuel Pressure 62.0<br />

Cut out Test<br />

No cutout pulse<br />

1-4 Pulse Width<br />

1<br />

2<br />

3<br />

4<br />

Response Times<br />

1<br />

2<br />

3<br />

4<br />

RPM Stall Speed 1,845 1855.0 1855.0<br />

R<strong>at</strong>ed RPM<br />

Fuel Temper<strong>at</strong>ure 100 F 87.0 134.0<br />

Coolant Temper<strong>at</strong>ure 177 F 186.0 190.00<br />

Oil Temper<strong>at</strong>ure 181.0 190.0 184.0<br />

Air Temper<strong>at</strong>ure 95.0 92.0 120.0<br />

High Idle Torque Stall<br />

Temp. Air 69.0 68.0 74.0 74.0 72.0 74.0<br />

Temp Gas 950.0 688.0 959.0 722.0 963.0 770.0<br />

O 2 % 6.7 6.9 3 6.4 6.2 6.3 5.4<br />

CO ppm 102.0 10.0 -90 118.0 14.0 -88 116.0 24.0 -79<br />

NO ppm 1040.0 88.0 -92 1069.0 101.0 -91 1145.0 112.0 -90<br />

NO 2 ppm 35.0 5.0 -86 31.0 8.0 -74 22.0 5.0 -77<br />

NOx ppm 1075.0 93.0 -91 1100.0 109.0 -90 1167.0 117.0 -90<br />

CO 2 % 10.5 10.3 -2 10.7 10.9 2 10.8 11.4<br />

Oper<strong>at</strong>or Noise Db<br />

Smoke No. 4 3 -25 2.5 2.5 0 5 3.5 -30<br />

Back Pres. In. W.G. 0.0<br />

Gear 3 3 3 3<br />

UHT059- Readings before and after SCR system. After run time of 100 hours, will re-sample emissions.<br />

Consistent<br />

≈90%<br />

reduction<br />

in CO, NOx<br />

and lower<br />

particul<strong>at</strong>e<br />

m<strong>at</strong>ter level<br />

l<br />

25


DPF-Lessons learned<br />

26


<strong>Mine</strong> Ventil<strong>at</strong>ion planning & <strong>DPM</strong> monitoring<br />

• Flow through ventil<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

• Active particip<strong>at</strong>ion i in scheduling of<br />

mining activities<br />

• Monitoring air quality<br />

• Personal <strong>DPM</strong> Sampling (NIOSH<br />

5040)<br />

• Area <strong>DPM</strong> Sampling<br />

• Side by side study:<br />

1. NIOSH 5040<br />

2. TSI ® DustTrak TM<br />

3. FLIR ® AirTec real-time <strong>DPM</strong><br />

TM<br />

monitor<br />

27


Real-time <strong>DPM</strong> monitoring<br />

Photoacoustic Instruments For Light Absorption Measurements<br />

Light<br />

(532 nm)<br />

Air Inlet<br />

Microphone<br />

Photodetector<br />

Chopper<br />

to pump<br />

Real-time <strong>DPM</strong> monitor unit is developed by University of<br />

Nevada-Reno’s Physics Dept. with support from Newmont.<br />

Basic principles:<br />

• Laser light is power modul<strong>at</strong>ed by the chopper.<br />

• Light absorbing aerosols convert light to he<strong>at</strong> – a<br />

sound wave is produced.<br />

• Microphone signal is a measure of the light absorption.<br />

• Light sc<strong>at</strong>tering aerosols don't gener<strong>at</strong>e he<strong>at</strong>.<br />

28


Environmental Cab and Training & Development<br />

Environmental Cab<br />

• Environmental Cab – installed on most production equipment.<br />

• Approxim<strong>at</strong>e reduction of 40% to 50% in particul<strong>at</strong>e level observed.<br />

• Key is maintenance of cab for performance.<br />

Learning & Development<br />

• MSHA rule “30 CFR § 57.50705070 <strong>Mine</strong>r training” – Annual training<br />

• Diesel engine maintenance standard (30 CFR § 57.5066)<br />

• <strong>Leeville</strong> Underground Ventil<strong>at</strong>ion Hazard Standard<br />

30


<strong>DPM</strong> Reduction and controls used<br />

31


<strong>Control</strong><br />

<strong>Str<strong>at</strong>egies</strong> +<br />

Collabor<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

32


Safety First - Keys to success<br />

• Team-work and Management buy-in is MUST<br />

• Dedic<strong>at</strong>ed personnel<br />

• EBMP is very critical<br />

• Use quality components for measurement (ECOM), Use of CJ4 oil<br />

• DPF – Not all system work in all applic<strong>at</strong>ion (duty cycle, design, etc.)<br />

• Ventil<strong>at</strong>ion planning and monitoring<br />

• Knowledge sharing (NIOSH, MDEC, Vent symposium) and collabor<strong>at</strong>ion<br />

(NIOSH, Engine and DOC/DPF manufacturers)<br />

33


Demonstr<strong>at</strong>e leadership in safety, stewardship<br />

of the environment and social responsibility<br />

THANKS A LOT FOR YOUR TIME

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