Aushadha Sevana (Applied Medicinal Intake) - Techno Ayurveda

Aushadha Sevana 

(Applied Medicinal Intake) 

Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://technoayurveda.wordpress.com/

Aushadha Sevana (Applied Medicinal Intake) 

Introduction 

• Success in Medical practice depends upon, 4 

factors viz. Patient, Physician, Assistant & 

Medicine 

• The Medicinal action differ by – 

– Selected Medicine 

– Route selection 

– Type of administration 

– Time of administration 

• Present context is with the time of drug 

administration in Medicinal Intake 

• The intake could be of many ways – ingestion, 

inhalation, consumption, uptake, inletting, etc. 



Chikitsa Chatushpada 

• For the successful management of a 

disease – we require 4 factors, viz. 

Physician (Bhishak), Medicine (Dravya), 

Assistant (Upastata) & Patient (Rogi) 

• Even though rest of 3 are suitable – with 

out proper mediciene – they become 

Incomplete & Incompatible 

• The best medicine bears the qualities of 

– Abundance (Bahuta), Disease targeted 

(Yogyatwam), Available in multiple forms 

(Anekavidhakalpana) & Best quality 

(Sampat) 



Chikitsa Chatushpada 

• BD and TDS are the western method 

but not the Ayurvedic 

• Ayurveda prescribes the medicine 

carefully looking at Agni, Rutu, 

Aharakala and many more 

• The triads made in Chikitsa 

Chatushpada – 

– Physician- Medicine – Patient = direct 

medication method = prescription 

– Physician- Patient – Assistant = 

procedural method = Panchakarma 

– Physician- Medicine – Assistant = remote 

medication method = Radio treatment 

– All these three methods yield successful 

management of diseases 



Aushadha - Medicine 

• Medicine is defined as - something that treats or 

prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease 

• A medicine or Procedure that subsides one and 

develops another is not the best. Always we have to 

select such medicine or procedure which doesn’t 

aggravate a diseases with suppressing the disease 

for which it is used. AH Su 13/16 

• Aushadha is a synonym of Chikitsa (Treatment) 

defines as – developed from herbs to be good in a 

disease state based upon the symptoms – Cha Chi 

1-1/3 

• The Bheshaja Aushadha is of two types – Swasta 

Aushadha (Rasayana, Vajikarana) & Atura 

Aushadha (Rogaharam) 



Kaala 

• Kaala vitiates the Dosha and heals with it in due 

course 

• Kaalakrita Bala is classified as Rutu vibhagajam 

(Adana-Visarga) & Vayahkritam - Ch Su 11/37 

• MüÉsÉÉãÌWû pÉaÉuÉÉlÉç 

• MüÉsÉÇ mÉÑlÉ: mÉËUhÉÉqÉ EcrÉiÉã – cÉ xÉÔ 11/42 

• Kaala is Divine (represents the GOD) – it is also 

said as the transformation 

• The Transformation in the sense - from Health to 

Disease and vice versa 



• Medicinal Intake methods are 

mainly two – 

– 1)taken by patient 

– 2)given by physician 

• Many Authors explained 

Medicinal Intake methods are 

– 

– 6 types by Charaka [ChaChi 

30/293-307] 

– 5 types by Sharngadhara [SS 1- 

2/2-3] 

– 10 types by Susruta [Su Ut 

64/56-64], 

– 10 types by Vagbhata (AH) [AH 

Su 13/37-41] 

– 11 types by Astanga Sangraha 

[AS Su 23/13] 

Typology 



Charaka – Typology 

• Charaka described 6 Types of Medicinal intake 

methods, but generally considered Aushadha 

Sub-category as Aushadhakala [Cha Chi 

30/293-307] 

1. Dina Kaala (day time) 

2. Atura Kaala (patient oriented time) 

3. Aushadha Kaala (medicinal time) 

4. Vyadhi kaala (Disease times) 

5. Jeerna Kaala (Digested state) 

6. Rutu kaala (seasonal times) 


Charaka – Typology :: Dina Kaala (day time) 

Brahmi 

Muhurta 

4 AM 

6 AM 

11AM 

12 

NOON 

1PM 

6 PM 

8 PM 

Nishi 

* Nasya 


Akshi Tarpana 

Abhyanga, 

sweda etc 

Bahyakarma 

Vamana, 

Virechana, 

Nirooha 

vasti 

Anuvasana Vasti 

Nirooha Vasti 

Akshi Tarpana 

• Dina Kaala is practiced for the 

procedurals medicinal intake rather than 

oral route – they are 

– Pratah [4-6AM] – morning = Akshitarpana 

– Poorvahna [6AM-11AM] – before afternoon = 

Vamana, Virechana, Niroohavasti (SuChi38/3) 

– Madhyahna [12-1PM] – at Noon (after meals) 

= Anuvasana vasti 

– Sayam [6-8PM] – evening = Akshitarpana, 

Niroohavasti (SuChi38/3) 

– Muhurmuhu [Any time] – repeated times = 

Nasya (SuChi40/50, AHSu 20/28-29) 

• It is preferred and prescribed in Ayurveda 

to practice Abhyanga after the bath & 

Niruhavasi after the digestion of food 



Charaka – Typology :: Atura Kaala (patient oriented time) 

Brahmi 

Muhurta 

4 AM 

6 AM 

11AM 

12 

NOON 

1PM 

6 PM 

8 PM 

Nishi 

Balavan = 

Pratah - 

Abhojana 

Durbala 

–Ahara 

Pravicha 

rana 

This selection time is based upon 

the strength of the patient in 

relation with food 

– the strong (Bala) patient is 

advised medicine before food in 

the Pratah (Morning) 

– the weak (Durbala) patient 

advised medicine with food 

(Ahara Pravicharana) – it is 

practiced twice with 

Bhojanakaala 



Charaka – Typology :: Aushadha Kaala (medicinal time)1 

Brahmi 

Muhurta 

4 AM 

6 AM 

12 

NOON 

6 PM 

8 PM 

Nishi 

@11 AM 

@1 PM 

@5 PM 

@7 PM 

• All the 10 are said in relation with food 

only 

1. Bhakta Samyuktam (Medicine cooked with 

food) 

2. Diva Bhakta adi (at starting day food course) 

3. Grasa (with bolus) 

4. Samudga (Medicine in between food) 

5. Grasantara (in between bolus) 

6. Bhakata madhya (at middle of food course) 

7. Diva Bhakta Paschat (after food course in day) 

8. Ratri Bhakta adi (at starting night food course) 

9. Ratri Bhakta Paschat (after food course in 

night) 

10. Muhurmuhu (Repeatedly) 



Charaka – Typology :: Aushadha Kaala (medicinal time)2 

Brahmi 

Muhurta 

4 AM 

6 AM 

12 

NOON 

6 PM 

8 PM 

Nishi 

• Here Charaka followed 5 Vata classification 

in relation to meals – not specified whether 

it is in the day or night 

1. Pratah (on empty stomach) for Vyanavata 

vitiation 

2. Bhojana Poorvam (Before Food) for Apanavata 

vitiation 

3. Bhojana Madhyam (in the middle of meals) for 

Samanavata vitiation 

4. Bhojanantara (after meals) for Udanavata vitiation 

5. Grasa-Grasa (with every bolus) for Pranavata 

vitiation 



Charaka – Typology :: Vyadhi kaala (Disease times) 

• Vydhi avasta to determine is difficult 

– but to say its genesis & relation to 

time is easy 

• Disease genesis is based upon 4 – 

viz. Dina (Day), Ratri (Night), Vayah 

(Age) & Bhojana kaala (Food time) – 

from beginning to the end as Kapah 

(Adi) – Pitta (Madhya) – Vata (Antya) 

• Sequential presentation of medicines 

and foods as in Jwara – Peya – 

Kashaya – Ksheera – Ghrita - 

Virechana 



Vayah 

Yavana Vardhakya 

Vata 

Pitta 

Kapha Pitta Vata 

Balya 

Brahmi 

Muhurta 

4 AM 

Kapha 

Kapha 

Pitta 

Vata 

Kapha 

Pitta 

Vata 

Kapha 

Pitta 

Vata 

6 AM 12 NOON 

6 PM 

Dina Bhojana 

Ratri Bhojana 

Nishi 

8 PM 

4 AM 



6 Fold 12 Factors of Ashana Pravichara [SuUt64/56-64] 

• Looking at the mere time and Dosha is not 

sufficient to get disease pacified 

• We require Ashana Pravichara along with 

medicine to fortify the medicinal effect – 

Susruta suggest 6 fold 12 variant Food eating 

methods 

– 1) Sheeta / Ushna 

– 2) Snigdha / Rooksha 

– 3) Drava / Shushka 

– 4) Ekakalika / dwikalika 

– 5) Yukatamatra / Heena dosha 

– 6) Dosha prashamana / Vutyardham (Shareera 

Vruddhi) 



Sheeta / Ushna 

• Sheeta Ahara / Aushadha is given for 

the patients who has – Trushna (thirst), 

Daha arta (burning sensation), Ushna 

(hot), Mada (alcoholic), Visha (toxic), 

Raktapitta (bleeding), Moorcha 

(unconscious), Sukra ksheena 

(oligozospermia), etc 

• Ushna Ahara / Aushadha is given for – 

in Sneha pana (fatty consumers), 

Virikta (after purgation), Kapha & Vata 

diseases, Praklinna deha (watery 

body), etc 



Snigdha / Rooksha 

• Snigdha (unctuous) Ahara / Aushadha 

is given for – vata disease, Rooksha 

(dry body), Vyayami (athlete), Vyavaya 

soshi (weak after sex), etc 

• Rooksha (un-unctuous) Ahara / 

Aushadha is given for – Medaska 

(fatty), Sthoola (obese), Meha 

(diabetic), Kapha deha (Kapha body 

type), etc 



Drava / Shushka 

• Drava (fluid) Ahara / Aushadha is 

given for – Pipasa (thirsty), Sushka 

(dry body), Durbala (weak), etc 

• Snigdha (dry) Ahara / Aushadha is 

given for – praklinna deha 

(sweating body – usually diabetic), 

Vrani (wounded), etc 



Ekakalika / dwikalika 

• Ekakalika (once in day) Ahara / 

Aushadha is given for – 

durbalagni [people with poor 

digestion] – it makes the kindling 

of the digestive fire 

• Dwikalika (twice in day) Ahara / 

Aushadha is given for – samana 

[people with good digestion] 



Yukatamatra / Heena dosha 

• Yukatamatra (full dose) Ahara / 

Aushadha is given for – Aushadha 

dweshi (patient who doesn’t like 

the medicine), etc 

• Heena dosha (small dose) Ahara / 

Aushadha is given for – mandagni 

(poor digestion patient), etc 



Dosha prashamana / Vutyardham 

(Shareera Vruddhi) 

• Dosha prashamana (dosha 

pacification) Ahara / Aushadha is 

given for – according to Ritu 

(season) and Dosha to subside the 

Dosha 

• Vutyardham (body building) Ahara 

/ Aushadha is given for – swastha 

(healthy) by all means of 

combinations and permutations 



Charaka – Typology :: Jeerna Kaala (digested state) 

• Charaka expressed that – the digested state is 

identified after the food consumption 

• Proper hunger, normal evacuation of urine & 

Stools, lightness in the body, belching with out 

the consummated food flavors are the 

symptoms of proper digested state. 

• Another point of view to consider - Each and 

every disease after a stipulated time, when the 

pathogenesis is not reversed – it become 

Jeerna Vyadhi and the symptoms expressed 

are “Jeerna Linga” 

• Even though – a thorough study over delayed 

symptoms are not done well – witnessing the 

exhibited disease delayed symptoms – the 

time-plan is executed 



Charaka – Typology :: Rutu kaala (seasonal times) 

• Here the Dosha in relation to the 

season is considered 

• Vasanta Adyam for Kapha 

• Sharat Madyam for Pitta 

• Varsha Antyam for Vata 

• Mainly these time are used for 

elimination of Dosha, to act 

prophylactic and kindling the Agni 

– medicaments are supplemented 



Sharngadhara – Typology 

• Sharngdhara described 5 Types of Medicinal intake 

methods 

1. Suryodaya Kaala (Sun rise time) 

2. Divasa Bhojana Kaala (Day meal time) 

3. Sayam Bhajana Kaala (Evening meal time) 

4. Muhurmuhu kaala (Repeated times) 

5. Nishi Kaala (Bed time) 

• They are much related with Dina Kaala in relation with 

Dosha & food intake 

• He didn’t considered the Rutu, Patient, Vyadhi linga & 

Jeerna kala as Charaka 

• But – focused in a way where Vata, Kalpana, Agni and 

2 Upakrama (Brimahana / Langhana) 




Suryodaya Kaala (Sun rise time) 

• At Sun rise usually the stomach is empty 

• The time is of Kapha in the morning 

• For Pitta-Kapha Dosha udrikta 

• For “Lekhana” Upakrama 

• For Vamana & VIrechana Panchakarma 

• Sharngadhara say – usually for any 

ailment the “Morning” is the best to give 

medicine – especially Kashaya, Kalka, 

Phanta, Swarasa are given in the 

Morning 




Divasa Bhojana Kaala 

(Day meal time) 

• 2 nd schedule of medicine offered by Sharngadhara is midday 

meals 

• Here he give importance for Agni and Samanavata i.e. 

almost all GIT problems are considered 

• He sub-classifies the schedule as – Adi (start), Madhya 

(middle), Anantara (after) & Poorvapara (before & after) 

– Adi (start) = Apanavata to regulate & in Aruchi 

– Madhya (middle) = Samanavata to regulate & in Agnimandya 

– Anantara (after) = Vyanavata to regulate 

– Poorvapara (before & after) = Pranavata to regulate & in Hikka and 

Akshepaka 




Sayam Bhajana Kaala (Evening meal time) 

• 3 rd Aushadhakaala of Sharngdhara 

describes at Night (Evening) meals 

• For Udanavata to subside & in 

Swarabhanga, etc. or Kanthagata 

vyadhi – Grasa or Grasantara 

Aushadha is given 

• For Pranavata to subside & 

Hrudaya vyadhi – sayam bhojana 

anantara aushadha is given 




Muhurmuhu kaala (Repeated times) 

• 4 th Aushadhakala is meant for the 

diseases where medicine is required 

repeatedly – 

• Trishna (thirst – fluid lose), Chardi 

(vomiting), Hikka (hiccups), Shwasa 

(dyspnoea), Gada (toxic conditions), etc. 

are in need of repeated medication 

• The medicinal bath (external) and 

internal uptake are indicated 




Nishi Kaala (Bed time) 

• 5 th medicinal intake time is night at 

bedtime 

• Here in Ananna (with out food) or to 

consider at least 3-4 hours after light food 

consumption – 

– For all the ailments of Head i.e. ENT & Eye 

– For Lekhana (tissue removal – reduces 

dosha) or Brimahana (tissue building) 

procedures 

– For Ama pachana 

– For Dosha / Vyadhi suppression (Shamana) 

management 



Time line of Sharngadhara 

Poorvaam 

[Apanavata] 

Poorva-Param 

[Pranavata] 

Madhyam 

[Samanavata] 

Paschat 

[Vyanavata] 

Kabalantara 

[Udanavata} 

Paschat 

{Pranavata] 

Suryodaye 

[Pitta-Kapha] 

Divasa-Bhojana 

[Agni Chikitsa] 

Sayam-Bhojana 

Brahmi 

Muhurta 

4 AM 

6 AM 7AM 

12 NOON 2PM 6 PM 

7PM 

8 PM 

10 PM 

Muhurmuhu 

Snana/Bheshaja 

Nishi 

[Lekhana 

Brimhana 

Jatrurdhwa] 


Sevana kala Sangraha Hridaya Charaka Susruta Sharnghadhar 

Abhaktha + + + + Suryodaya 

Praghbaktha + + D N + DB PP1 

Madhyabhaktha + + + + + 

Adhobhakta + + D N + DB PP2 SB 

Sabhaktha + + + + 

Antarbhaktha + ‐ ‐ + 

Samudhga + + + + 

Muhurmuhu + + + + + 

Sagrasa + + + + 

Grasantara + + + + SB 

Nishi + + ‐ ‐ + 

11 10 10 10 10 

DB = Divasa Bhojana, SB= Sayam Bhojana, PP = Poorvapara, D= Day, N= Night, 



1) Abhakta अभंक्त् 

• तऽाअभक्तं नाम ्के वलं औषध्म ्I Ast.san.su.23/13 

• Abhakta – Nirbhakta – Pratah – Suryodaye 

– Ananna are equal meaning 

• The medicine on empty stomach or without 

food at early morning is called Abhakta 

consists mere medicine (no additives) 

• It impose strength to medicine to act faster 

& sooner 

• Avoid Children, aged, Ladies and weak 

constitutions to protect the body strength 



2) Pragbhakta ूग्भक्तम ् 

• ूाग्भक्तं नाम ्यदनन्तरभक्तं I Ast.san.su.23/14 

• Pragbhakta – Annadau – Divasa bhojana 

poorvam – sayam bhojana poorvam relay same 

meaning as before to start food course 

• The medicine given at this time digest fast and 

imparts strength to the body – 

• It is specifically used for week bodied children, 

Aged, Ladies, chronic patients, etc. 

• As immediately food is consumed – no 

untoward actions such as watering, burning or 

bitter tongue 



3) Madhyabhakta मध्यभक्त 

• मध्यभक्तं मध्ये भक्तःयI Ast.san.su.23/15 

• Madhyabhakta – Annamadhyam – 

Bhojana madhyam – are similar to relay 

meaning of in the middle of the food 

course 

• It subsides the – middle part of the body 

disease (rather to understand as – kosta 

gata vyadhi or abdominal diseases) 



4) Adhobhakta अधोभक्तम ् 

• अधोभक्तम ् भक्ताद्नतरम ् I 

Ast.san.su.23/16 

• Adhobhaktam – Bhaktanantaram – 

Annante – are after the completion 

of food 

• The medicine given after food 

subsides the diseases of upper 

body i.e. Head and upper trunk 

(chest) 



5) Sabhakta सभक्तं 

• सभक्तं यधन्नेन सम् सिधतं पश्चाद्वा 

समालोिडतम ् I Ast.san.su.23/17 

• Sabhakta / Sannaushadha / bhakta 

samyuktam is medicine along with 

food given for all (women & men) 

• Especially people who doesn’t like 

the medicine to have is added with 

food while cooking and served 



6) Samudga समुद्गं 

• समुद्गं यदादावन्ते I Ast.san.su.23/19 

• Samudgam- bhojana poorvapara 

aushadham – where medicine is 

given before and after the food 

course 

• It pacifies the diseases of upper 

and lower body 



7) Muhurmuhu मुहुमुर्हु: 

• मुहुमुर्हुःतु पुन ्: पुन ्: भुक्ते वा I 


• Muhurmuhu means – medicine is 

given many times according to the 

need in smaller quantity 

• Commonly such medicine is 

advocated in Swasa (dyspnoea), 

Hiccups and Vomiting, etc 



8) Grasa समसा 

• समास यद्मसःम्ूुक्तम ् I 


• Sagrasa – Kabala – Grasa are 

equal meaning of along with each 

bolus 

• The medicine given at this time gets 

vipaka faster to act on disease 

• This time of medication is best for 

children and aged 



9) Grasantara मसान्तरा 

• मासन्तर् यद्मससयोमािसयोमध्ये I 


• Grasantara – Kabalantara is the 

distribution of medicine in between 

two bolus 

• In this either medicine like Avaleha 

or vamaka dhooma (emetic 

fumigations) are induced in shwasa 

(dyspnoea) 



10) Nishi िनिश 

• जऽुध्वर्मयेषु तु िनशयाम ्I Ast.san.su.23/21 

• Nishi is night before to bed 

• The medication given at this time heals 

the above clavicle disease – viz. ENT, 

Eye, etc and increases the vigour 

• Mild laxatives or carminatives can be 

given at this time 

• Sharngdhara adds Brimhana, Lekhana, 

Pachan, and Shamana medicines can 

be given before going to bed 



11) Antarabhakta 

• अन्तराभक्तं नाम - 

यदन्तरा पीयते पूवार्परयोभर्क्तयोः | Su 

Ut.64/83 

• Antarabhakata told by Susruta as 

medicine to distribute in between two 

meals i.e. approximately at 3-4 PM 

• It imports the psychological strength and 

good for cardiac diseases. It increases 

the gastric function also. 



Sleep & Fasting 

• Neither the Small quantity of medicine 

or huge is not capable of neutralizing the 

pathology - 

• AÉkÉïUÉåaÉWûUÏ ÌlÉSìÉ xÉuÉïUÉåaÉWûUÏ ¤ÉÑjÉÉ || 

• Sleep removes half of the disease and the 

fasting can even the entire 

• sÉÇZÉhÉqÉç mÉUqÉÉæwÉkÉqÉç || 

• In other words – as the fasting is the best 

medicine 

• Apart form all above . . . . 





Conclusion 

• Ayurveda scientist have told after a long 

research with commitment to heal the 

ailment – 

• Many medicinal administration methods 

along with a specified directional action 

of medicine at a specified time intake 

• Keeping circadian rhythms and equals of 

serotonin & melatonin axis in mind the 

medicinal intake methods are planned . . . 

• . . . is a great contribution to the Mankind 


Aushadha Sevana 

technoayurveda@gmail.com 

THANK YOU 

It’s 

Technoayurveda International 

Presentation 

By Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad 

Of . . . http://technoayurveda.wordpress.com

Aushadha Sevana (Applied Medicinal Intake) - Techno Ayurveda

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