amÔ≠>r` AßJya AZwgßYmZ H - National Research Centre for Grapes

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National Research Centre for Grapes
dmof©H$ ‡oVd{XZ Annual Report 2006-07

dmof©H$ ‡oVd{XZ Annual Report 2006-07
amÔ≠>r` AßJya AZwgßYmZ H{$›–
(^maVr` H•$of AZwgßYmZ [nafX)
S>mH$ [{Q>r gߪ`m 3, _mßOar \$m_© S>mH$Ka, gm{bm[ya am{S>, [wU{ - 412 307
Phone : 020-26914245 • Fax : 020-26914246 • E-mail : nrcgrape.mah@nic.in
National Research Centre for Grapes
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research)
P. B. No. 3, Manjri Farm P. O., Solapur Road, Pune - 412307
Tel. : 020-26914245 • Fax : 020-26914246 • Email : nrcgrape.mah@nic.in

Correct Citation :
Annual Report 2006-07
National Research Centre for Grapes
Manjri Farm P. O.
Pune - 412 307, India
Edited by :
Dr. P.G. Adsule
Dr. Anuradha Upadhyay
Dr. Indu S. Sawant
Dr. R. G. Somkuwar
Dr. J. Sharma
Dr. S. D. Ramteke
Dr. A. K. Sharma
Photo Credits :
Dr. G. S. Karibasappa
Dr. S. D. Sawant
Dr. R. G. Somkuwar
Hindi Translation :
Dr. Anuradha Upadhyay
Dr. A. K. Sharma
Word Processing :
Ms. Shailaja V. Satam
Cover Page :
Red Globe, Director General (ICAR) discussing with scientists of the
institute, Rootstock propagation, DDG (Hort.) on visit of vineyard,
Inhouse discussion on mealybug issue.
Published by :
Dr. P. G. Adsule
Director, National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune - 412307
Printed at : Flamingo Business Systems, Telefax : 020-24214636

Contents
1. Preface i
2. H$m`©H$mar gmamße iii
3. Executive Summary vi
4. Introduction 1
5. Research Achievements 3
6. Collaborative, Externally Funded, Contract Research and Consultancy Projects 30
7. Technology Assessed and Transferred 31
8. Education and Training 34
9. Awards and Recognitions 36
10. Linkages and Collaboration Including Externally Funded Projects 36
11. Publications 37
12. Meetings of QRT, RAC, IMC, SRC with Significant Decisions 41
13. Consultancy, Patents and Commercialization of Technology 43
14. Approved On-Going Institute Projects 43
15. Participation of Scientists in Conferences, Meetings, 44
Workshops, Seminars, Symposia etc.
16. Distinguished Visitors 46
17. Research and Management Personnel 46
18. Infrastructure Development 46
19. Other Activities 47
20. Meteorological Data 48

Preface
Grape area and production over a period is increasing steadily which indicates the growth of
this sector. This is more evident in case of wine grapes. Keeping this in view, the experimentation
on wine grape is being emphasized more. Enough emphasis was given on the development of
infrastructure in terms of completion of ongoing various farm structures, roads and other works. Few
new equipments and tools were also acquired for various laboratories of the institute. Further,
scientific manpower in Plant Protection was also strengthened during this period.
The institute has progressed by leaps and bounds during one decade of its establishment.
Excellent infrastructure is developed during the last five years and the laboratories are now well
equipped with modern and sophisticated equipments. Several agencies specially APEDA and DBT
have funded research projects of the Institute. The Institute's contribution towards progress of grape
industry in the country was recognized at different fora. Excellent efforts of this Institute as National
Referral Laboratory resulted in considerable reduction in pesticide residues in export grapes during
the last four years as compared to 2003-04 as the first year of the programme. This is also helping
in reduction of pesticide use in domestic grape production.
During the period, clonal selections identified by the farmers were collected and added to the
germplasm. Work on screening of large number of germplasm was undertaken to evaluate their
resistance / tolerance to economically important diseases and insect pests and few were identified
for further research. Promising hybrids developed in previous years were further evaluated for their
suitability for table and wine purpose. In biotechnology, work on molecular tagging continued further
for conclusive studies and developed molecular techniques for variety and hybrid identification besides
testing genetic variability.
Studies on yield performance of commercial table and wine varieties were continued using
different canopy models and data was collected. Performance of Tas-A-Ganesh grafted on 110 R
rootstock was found to be better as compared to other rootstocks. Pink berry in table grape variety
was identified as major problem and explorating work in development of infrastructure for
undertaking this work was initiated. Preliminary work like survey of this problem, effect of various
cultural practices and use of various chemicals for improving quality was also undertaken during this
period. Research work initiated earlier on nutrient and soil management was continued further with
more emphasis on wine grapes and deficiencies of various nutrients and its management. Work on
soil biology in terms of studying the mould flora of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere was also initiated
during this period.
Management of commercially important insect pests and diseases is an important in grape
cultivation since it decides the total cost of grape cultivation. During the period, various new
chemicals were studied for their bio-efficacy, and residue data to work out their appropriate Post
Harvest Interval (PHI) and Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) values, keeping in the view the export
market for table grapes. Based on this study, the list of recommended chemicals in Annexure - 7 and
11 under the Pesticide Residue Monitoring Plan of APEDA was revised and necessary changes were
made through the program of National Referral Laboratory for this work. As a result of this good
work, today export has reached to level of 55,000 MT from the level of 20,000 - 22,000 MT four
years back.
| i |

NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
Transfer of Technology and information through training programmes, field visits, seminars and
interaction with the growers is an important and integral activity of the Institute. Training
programmes on integrated pest and nutrient management, and advances in tropical viticulture
received enormous response from the growers. Technologies developed during the last few years
were transferred to the growers through frequent field visits, organizing training programmes at the
institute and participating in seminars organized by the grape growers' associations of different states.
The scientists of the Institute were frequently invited by other organizations like growers' associations,
societies, State Govts. agencies as resource persons for training programmes. The Institute published
several technical bulletins, leaflets and popular articles in local language during the period.
Gross revenue of Rs. 40.19 lakhs was generated against the target of Rs. 40.00 lakhs through
training, consultancy, contract research and services and sale of planting material and farm produce
and interest on term deposit receipts during the period of work.
With the limited manpower, the Institute has made all efforts to fulfill the aspirations of the
various stakeholders of grape industry in the country. For all this success, the credit goes to the
scientific, technical, administrative and supporting staff of the Institute besides the backup support
from the Headquarters office at New Delhi.
I would like to place on record the guidance and the encouragement received from Dr. Mangala
Rai, Secretary, DARE and Director General, ICAR. I also appreciate the efforts and help received
from my scientific and technical staff members in the preparation of this important document.
Place : Pune
Date : December 2007
(P. G. ADSULE)
Director
| ii |

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| iii |

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| v |

Executive Summary
National Research Centre for Grapes was established in 1997 with the mandate to undertake
mission-oriented programme involving basic and strategic research for resolving the major biotic and
abiotic constraints affecting the grapes production, productivity and utilization. To achieve this,
research is carried out in the broad areas of crop improvement, crop production, crop protection and
post harvest technology.
During one decade of its establishment, the Centre has progressed by leaps and bounds.
Excellent infrastructure is developed during last five years and the laboratories are now equipped with
modern and sophisticated equipments. Several agencies specially APEDA and DBT have funded
research projects. The Centre's contribution towards progress of grape industry in the country was
recognised at different fora. Excellent efforts of this Centre as National Referral Laboratory resulted
in considerable reduction in pesticide residues in export grapes during last four years as compared to
2003-04 as the first year of the programme. This is also helping in reduction of pesticide use in
domestic production.
Besides 15 institute programmes, which were formulated after thorough understanding of the
growers' need and refined time to time after recommendations of the RAC and SRC, research was
carried out under 1 DBT, 3 APEDA and 1 ICAR Network project and also undertook several contract
research and consultancy projects. The salient achievements of the Institute during 2006-07 are
given below:
Crop Improvement
Two clonal selections identified by the farmers were collected and added to national grape
germplasm repository. Field screening of germplasm identified few accessions with single or multiple
disease resistance. Few accessions were resistant to all the three major diseases. Accessions showing
resistance to thrips were also identified. Rootstocks were characterised for their physico-chemical
properties. Highest phenol content, proline, proteins, flavonoid and water use efficiency was
observed in rootstocks belonging to Berlandieri × Rupestris crosses. The rootstocks bred at the
Institute viz. RT4 and RT3 established better than their parents with 66.7 per cent and 60.0 percent
of success in establishment, respectively. Several promising hybrids obtained from previous years
crosses were evaluated for their suitability for table and wine purpose. 24 Thompson Seedless clones
were analysed with RAPD and microsatellite primers and several duplicates were identified. A
computer based molecular database has been developed.
Commercially popular varieties viz. Thompson Seedless and Flame Seedless were crossed with
Sevye Villard and Seibel (downy mildew resistant varieties) to obtain segregating population for
tagging downy mildew resistance in grapes. 44 accessions showing varying level of resistance and
susceptibility to downy mildew were analysed with 24 more microsatellite primers. Multiple
regression analysis of phenotypic and genotype data identified three promising bands showing
association with this trait. These marker bands were cloned and sequenced. The primer was
redesigned to develop allele specific marker.
Crop production
The yield performance of grafted Tas-A-Ganesh in terms of average number of bunches/vine,
bunch weight, berry weight, berry diameter and yield per vine was better on double stem as
compared to the single stem training system. Similarly vertically positioned shoots in Tas-A-Ganesh
were found to be more fruitful as compared to horizontally placed.
| vi |

Executive Summary
Tas-A-Ganesh grafted on 110 R performed better than those grafted on other rootstocks in
term of early bud sprouting, berry length and its weight. Similarly, Thomson Seedless grafted on
110R sprouted early compare to those on other rootstocks.
Water use efficiency at single leaf level was maximum on Dogridge followed by those on 110R,
1103P and 99R. Significant difference was observed for the yield and quality parameters where
110R rootstock recorded highest number of bunches and yield per vine. However, average bunch
weight, berry diameter and berry length was higher on Dogridge as compared to 110R and other
rootstocks.
Least pink berry incidence (25-30 %) was observed in Thompson Seedless grafted on 1613 C
rootstocks followed by own rooted vines. While on the other rootstocks like Dogridge, 110 R, 1103
P, St. George, SO-4, 99 R, the incidence ranged from 70-80 %. Application of calcium chloride
reduced the pink colour development significantly.
Thompson Seedless grafted on 110R and Dogridge contained higher K content at 90 days after
pruning indicating their better nutrient use efficiency. Significantly less Na content was found in
Thompson Seedless vines raised on 110R rootstock as compared to Dogridge and Salt Creek
suggesting its suitability for use in case of saline soils. The highest yield was also obtained on this
rootstock.
The concentration of the zinc was significantly more in petioles of own rooted compared to
grafted vines indicating that the own rooted vines may require different rates of zinc applications.
Twelve Aspergillus isolates from the rhizosphere and non- rhizosphere soils of the grapevines
showed significant P solubilization in vitro studies.
The significant differences were recorded in berry quality with the differential application of
GA 3 and CPPU at various stages of berry growth. For conformity of results experiment is in
progress.
Crop protection
Four Sprays of Mandipropamid 250 SC, 0.8 - 1.0 ml/L; (Mandipropamid + mancozeb) 65
WG, 2.0 g/L; (Metalaxyl M + mancozeb) 68 WP (Ridomil Gold), 2.5 g/L; (Metalaxyl M + mancozeb)
68 WG, 2.5 g/L showed an excellent control of downy mildew after April pruning and retained
leaves till October. Timorex Gold (24% Australian tea tree oil) sprays followed by Metalaxyl Sprays
showed better control of downy mildew as compared to sprays of metalaxyl alone and Timorex Gold
alone. Four Sprays of Thiophanate methyl with 70 WP, 0.615 g/L showed good control of
anthracnose and moderate control of powdery mildew till October. Timorex Sprays followed by
hexaconazole sprays showed better control of powdery mildew than spays of hexaconazole or
Timorex Gold alone. Four Sprays of meptyldinocap 35 EC, 0.309 - 0.343 ml/L after fruit set were
found to be good for controlling powdery mildew on leaves as well as bunches. One antagonist yeast
and an actinomyetes were isolated from the vineyard.
Seasonal incidence of insect pests in grape vineyards and their correlation with weather
parameters was studied. Thrips and jassids were observed during November-December, which
coincided with flowering period to early berry setting period. Mealybug incidence was recorded
highest during harvesting (March-April). Flea beetle population was highest in first week of
November. High incidence of Red Spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) was noticed during late winter
and early summer months of January-February in Nasik.
| vii |

NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
M. hirsutus and P. citri were found to be the major species of mealy bug in grape growing
regions of Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. Eight species of ants were found associated with the
mealybugs in the vineyards. Similarly two major species of thrips were found to be of economic
importance. The mite causing the damage to grapes was identified as red spider mite Tetranychus
urticae.
Several new generation insecticides like spinosad, buprofezin, methomyl, imidacloprid,
thiamethoxam, clothianidin, fipronil, chlorpyriphos and dichlorvos were found to be effective in
managing various insects and pests and safe for Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and therefore, could
be integrated in the IPM package.
Persistence of buprofezin and spinosad residues in grapes was studied and their PHI was
estimated to be 40 days and 8 days, respectively. Study on enzyme activity of soil born microflora in
presence of forchlorfenuron and thiamethoxam indicated that these chemicals pose no threat to soil
biological activity at recommended dose. Sorption studies of these chemicals in soils categorised
Forchlorfenuron as a chemical with low to medium leaching potential and Thiamethoxam as medium
to high leaching potential.
Sprays of Trichoderma during the last 30 days before harvest reduced the PHI of flusilazole
from 48 days to 18 days.
Transfer of Technology
Transfer of technology and information through training programmes, field visits, seminars, and
interaction with the grower is an important and integral activity of the Institute. Training programmes
on integrated pest and nutrient management, and advances in tropical viticulture received enormous
response from the growers. Technologies developed during the last few years were transferred to the
growers through frequent field visits, organizing training programmes at the Institute and
participating in the seminars organized by the grape growers associations of different States. The
scientists of the Institute were frequently invited as resource persons for training programmes
organized by other organizations like growers' associations / societies, State Govts., etc. The Centre
published several technical bulletins, leaflets and popular articles in local language during the period.
Human resource development
Two scientists and two Finance and Accounts officials were trained in their respective areas of
work by deputing them to professional institutes in the country. Several scientists participated in
international and national symposia and workshops to update their knowledge in their respective
fields.
Revenue generation
Gross revenue of Rs. 40.19 lakhs was generated against the target of Rs. 40.00 lakhs through
training, consultancy, contract research and services and sale of planting material and farm produce
and interest on term deposit receipts during the period of work.
Future thrust
Development of technologies for wine grapes, minimization of pesticide residues, development
environment friendly technologies, sustaining the present yield and improving the quality of produce
will be the focus of research in coming years.
| viii |

Introduction
The National Research Centre for Grapes started functioning in Pune at Manjri, from 18 th January
1997 has completed a decade of its establishment. Spread over an area of 46.78 ha of land the
Centre functions from its Laboratory-cum-Administrative building. A total area of about 32 acre has
been planted with Dogridge rootstock, of which 6 acre has been grafted with Thompson seedless and
Tas-A-Ganesh cultivars for various experimental trials and 415 indigenous and exotic spp./varieties/
hybrids etc. to establish the germplasm repository. Extended 'Y' trellises for training the vines to flat
roof gable and drip irrigation/fertigation facilities have been established. Two acres of vineyard is
grafted with newly introduced commercially important table varieties to develop mother block for
supplying high quality planting material to the growers. Irrigation facilities have been augmented time
to time to meet the water requirement for additional vineyards. A polyhouse, glasshouse and FRP
houses have been constructed to maintain seedlings and conducting experiments under controlled
conditions. The development of another 20 acres of vineyards mainly for wine grapes is under
progress.
Mandate
To undertake the programmes covering basic and strategic research for resolving the major
biotic and abiotic constraints affecting the grapes quality production, productivity, to sustain the
productivity, promote diversification towards wine and other value added products and
evaluation of technologies for developing region specific technologies.
Thrust areas of research
• Eco-region specific technology generation and extension in continuation
• Enhancement of water productivity and nutrient use efficiency.
• Climate change and management of stresses.
• Value-added product development, food safety and quality assurance.
• Bio-remediation, Bio-fertilization, Bio-molecules, Bio-fortification, Bio-safety, Bio-security, and
Biosensors.
• IT-based decision support systems for technology transfer
| 1 |

NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
Quinquennial Review Team
Research Advisory Committee
Institute Research Committee
Director
Institute Management Committee
Joint Staff Council
Administration
and Finance &
Accounts
Farm
Management,
Estate
Research and
Transfer of
Technology
PME /
Technical
Cell
Technical Services:
ARIS, OLIC, IPR, IRGS,
Publications, etc.
Library
Grape
Improvement
Grape
Production
Grape
Protection
Postharvest
Technology for Grapes
Financial statement
Sl.
No.
Heads
(Rs. in Lakhs)
R. E. 2006-07 Expenditure 2006-07 Final Grant Revenue
Plan Non-Plan Plan Non-Plan Plan Non-Plan Generated
1. Estt. Charges 0.00 83.70 0.00 83.70 0.00 83.70
2. O.T.A. 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.10
3. T.A. 3.00 1.50 3.00 1.50 3.00 1.50
4. Other charges 121.40 54.40 121.40 54.40 121.40 54.40
5. Works 125.91 8.00 125.91 8.00 125.91 8.00
Total 250.31 147.70 250.31 147.70 250.31 147.70 40.19 *
* Revenue of Rs. 40.19 lakhs was generated against the target of Rs. 40.00 lakhs through training, consultancy,
contract research and services and sale of planting material and farm produce and interest on term deposit receipts.
Staff position
Sl.
No.
Post
Number of posts
Sanctioned Filled Vacant
1. Research & Management Personnel 1 1 0
2. Scientific 16 13 3
3. Technical 8 8 0
4. Administrative 9 9 0
5. Supportive 7 7 0
Total 41 38 3
| 2 |

Research Achievements
Programme 1.
Management of genetic resources of grapes
1.1 Collection and augmentation
Two clonal selections one each from Sharad Seedless and Sonaka, reported by the farmers have
been collected. The salient features of these selections as reported by farmers and our own
observations from growers' vineyards are presented in table 1.
Table 1. Salient features of new clonal selections
Selection
Yield
(tons
ha -1 )
Bunch
shape
Bunch
weight
(g)
Berry
colour
Berry
shape
Berry
weight
(g)
TSS
(°brix)
Acidity
(%)
Remarks
Mutant of 28.0 Shouldered, 850- Purple Elliptical 10-14 g 22.0 0.55 Responds
Sharad Conical 1200 Black well to GA
Seedless
and CPPU
(Accession
No. B2-43-6)
Mutant of 22.0 Cylindrical 350- Cream Elongated 4-7 g 23.0 0.60 Responds
Sonaka 550 white and well to GA
(Accession
arched
No. A2-8-5)
A2-8-5
(Mutant of Sonaka)
1.2 Characterization, documentation and cataloguing
1.2.1 Physio biochemical analysis of rootstocks
Ten rootstocks namely Dogridge, B2-56, DeGrasset, 110R, 99 R, 1103 P, Teleki 5A, St. George,
V. champinii and Salt Creek were characterized based on various physiological and biochemical
parameters. Total phenolic content was low in DeGrasset, St. George, Salt Creek and Vitis
champinii, high in 99 R, 1103 P, Dogridge and 110R and moderate in Teleki 5A and B2-56.
Proline, proteins and flavonoids were recorded high in V. berlandieri × V. rupestris crosses followed
| 3 |

NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
by V. champinii group and least was in V. rupestris spp and V. riparia. Reducing sugar content was
maximum in Teleki 5A and minimum in 110 R rootstock.
Water use efficiency was maximum in V.berlandieri and V.rupestris crosses followed by other
species like V.champinii, V. riparia and V. rupestris. Rooting percent was high in 110 R, 99 R,
1103 P, St. George, moderate in Dogridge, Salt Creek, B2-56 and least in Teleki 5A. Optimum C/N
ratio in mother vines correlated with maximum success rate in rooting. Significant and positive
correlation was observed between rooting success and total proteins and water use efficiency (WUE),
while negative correlation was observed between rooting success and total phenolic content. Similarly
total proline content and water use efficiency had positive correlation (Table 2).
Table 2. Correlation matrix of rooting success with some biochemical and physiological parameters in
rootstocks.
Sucess % Phenols R. Sugars Proline Protien WUE C/N ratio
Success % 1.00 -0.68* -0.16 0.23 0.72* 0.71* -0.47
Phenols 1.00 0.16 0.13 0.84** 0.78** -0.37
R. Sugars 1.00 -0.49 -0.23 -0.27 -0.54
Proline 1.00 0.47 0.54* 0.69*
Protein 1.00 0.88** -0.13
WUE 1.00 -0.17
C/N ratio 1.00
* Significant at 5%, ** Significant at 1%
1.2.2 Screening of rootstocks for propagation through hardwood cuttings
Twenty rootstock varieties (Table 3) maintained and few developed at the Centre were tested for their
rootability and establishment in soil under polyhouse conditions and data is presented in table 3.
Maximum number of plants were established in 1616C (82.5%), followed by St. George (80%),
Ramsey, 99R, 1613C (75% each) and Dogridge (72.7%). The rootstocks bred at the Centre RT4
and RT3 were established better than their parents (Teleki 5A x SO4) with 66.7 per cent and 60.0
percent of success, respectively.
| 4 |

Research Achievements
Table 3. Comparison of different rootstocks for establishment
Sl. No. Name of Rootstock Cutting planted Percentage sucess
1. 99 Richter 100 75.0
2. 1616 Couderc 80 82.5
3. V. champini 50 60.0
4. Dogridge 55 72.7
5. Ramsey (Salt Creek) 100 75.0
6. 110 Richter 70 50.0
7. Teleki-5A 70 42.8
8. Freedom 150 66.7
9. RT-3(Teleki 5A x SO4) (B2-66/67) 50 60.0
10. 41B 50 70.0
11. deGrasset 80 50.0
12. 140 Ruggeri 68 70.6
13. 161- 49 Couderc 50 44.0
14. SO-4 70 51.4
15. B2-56 100 40.0
16. 1103 Paulsen 100 32.0
17. V. longii 80 62.5
18. 1613 Couderc 160 75.0
19. St. George 125 80.0
20. RT-4 (Teleki 5A x SO-4) 75 66.7
1.3 Screening of grape germplasm for biotic and abiotic stress
1.3.1 Screening for resistance to major diseases
Field screening of grape varieties against major grape diseases
All the accessions in the core germplasm collection of the Centre were screened in vivo for resistance
to the three important diseases viz. downy mildew, powdery mildew and anthracnose during natural
epiphytotic conditions. The ratings were recorded on 1-9 scale as proposed by UPOV. Some
accessions were found immune to downy mildew, anthracnose and powdery midlew were identified.
Accessions with multiple resistant to powdery and anthracnose, downy and anthracnose, rust and
anthracnose, downy mildew, powdery mildew and anthracnose were idetified. Further confimations
will be done.
In vitro screening of grape varieties and hybrids against downy mildew
Sixteen Flame Seedless (FS) x Seyve Villard (SV) hybrids and 13 Thompson Seedless (TS) x SV
hybrids were screened in vitro by leaf disc technique. Four FS x SV hybrids four rated resistant and
one moderately resistant, while eight TS x SV hybrids were resistant and three moderately resistant.
| 5 |

NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
1.5 Screening for wine and juice quality and yield
Nine wine varieties (3 years age) were characterized for their juice characteristics to assess their
suitability for wine making under tropical conditions. Among the 4 white varieties EC 27818 gave
maximum yield (7.4 kg/vine), followed by Symphony and Sauvignon Blanc. Mean bunch weight was
maximum in Symphony however, maximum juice yield was recorded in EC27818. Among the
coloured varieties Shiraz gave maximum yield with good must quality comprises TSS (20 B), acidity
(0.75%) and pH (3.10). Athens and Cabernet Sauvignon were good yielders with high TSS along
with moderate acidity but slightly high pH (table 4).
Table 4. Yield and Must characteristics of wine varieties at NRC for Grapes
Sl.
No.
Variety
Yield
per vine
(kg)
Mean
bunch
wt. (g)
Juice
(%)
TSS
(°brix)
Acidity
(%)
pH
Remarks
1. EC 27818 (Yugoslavia) (w) 7.4 105 86 20.2 0.48 3.45 White
2. Symphony (w) 5.5 210 52 19.0 0.67 3.40 White
3. Chardonnay (w) 3.3 103 59 22.0 0.70 3.50 White
4. Sauvignon Blanc (w) 4.9 165 54 22.0 0.84 3.10 White
5. Cabernet Sauvignon 7.5 105 84 21.0 0.60 3.50 Red
6. Merlot 5.5 195 68 20.8 0.70 3.60 Red
7. Shiraz 8.7 205 84 20.0 0.75 3.30 Red
8. Athens 8.0 165 74 20.0 0.71 3.50 Red
9. Zinfandel 5.6 125 70 21.2 0.90 3.30 Rose
CD at 5% 2.1 22 4.8 1.8 0.18 0.20
Programme 2.
Germplasm utilization and genetic enhancement
2.2 Breeding for high production and quality
2.2.1 Breeding for high production and quality in table grapes
Hybrids obtained from crossings of previous year were field evaluated. The main features of some of
the promising hybrids are as follows:
1. Pusa Navrang x Flame Seedless-1 : Teinturier, late
ripening medium berry size, crisp pulp, low seed content
and muscat flavour. It has potential for 2 crops per year.
2. Pusa Navrang x Flame Seedless-2 : Teinturier, bold
berries, early ripening, muscat flavour.
3. Pusa Navrang x Flame Seedless-3 : Bold berries,
non-teinturier type brilliant red colour fruits, attractive
bunch and berries. Crisp pulp and muscat flavour early
ripening and has good keeping quality. Berry adherence
is good and tolerant to berry splitting.
Pusa Navrang x Flame Seedless
| 6 |

Research Activities
4. Vitis parviflora x Superior Seedless : Greenish, bold and seedless fruits, ripening is late,
TSS 20°brix. It has distinct flavour unlike other vinifera grapes.
5. Spin Sahebi x Sharad Seedless : Black seedless, medium bold berries, late ripening,
excellent fruit quality with medium round berries. TSS
20.2°brix and acidity 0.7%.
6. Spin Sahebi x A 17-3 : Green seedless, medium bold,
oval shaped, late ripening with attractive medium sized
loose bunches. Fruit quality excellent and flavoured as
that of male parent. Berry adherence is very good and
berries have thick skin. TSS 20.2°brix and acidity 0.60%.
7. Spin Sahebi x Crimson Seedless : Male sterile, straw
green berries mostly seedless, bold and oval shaped.
However, crossed / fertile berries show 1-2 seeds each.
A late ripener and useful for cross breeding. TSS
24.2°brix, acidity 0.7%.
8. Katta Kurgan x Pusa Seedless : A late ripener.
Bunch size 150 g, berries greenish transparent. TSS
23.4°brix with low acidity of 0.42%.
Spin Sahebi x A 17-3
2.2.2 Breeding for high production and quality in wine grapes
Wine variety Chardonnay was crossed with Pusa Navrang and Arkavati. The salient features of
promising hybrids are as follows:
1. Chardonnay x Pusa Navrang (White Early) : Uniform early ripening at 110 DAP. TSS
19.0°brix, average bunch size weighing 150 g. Good yielding potential.
2. Chardonnay x Pusa Navrang (White medium) : Uniform ripening at 120 DAP. Bunch
weight is 250-310 g. TSS 20°brix, acidity 0.95%, pH 3.16. It has potential for 2 crops per year.
3. Chardonnay x Pusa Navrang (Red Early) : Uniform ripening, teinturier but flavoured
berries. Ripening 115 DAP. TSS 19°brix, acidity 0.86%, pH 3.10.
4. Chardonnay x Pusa Navrang (Red late) : Uniform ripening,. 125 DAP, bunch is small and
compact. TSS 18.0°brix with high acidity (1.5%) and has juice pH 2.9.
5. Chardonnay x Arkavati-1 : Small bunch size (125 g) medium yielder, suited to high density
planting. TSS 20°brix, acidity 0.7% and is late ripener (125 days DAP).
6. Chardonnay x Arkavati-2 : Bold bunch size, good yielding (up to 12 kg/vine), fruits are slight
pulpy, has low seed content. Vines have good canopy vigour.
| 7 |

NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
7. Chardonnay x Arkavati-3 : Medium canopy vigour, very good
yielding, uniform ripening, Chardonnay like appearance of
bunches and berries. It is suited to high density planting. It is a
spur bearer.
Chardonnay × Arkavati - 3
2.3 Breeding for tolerance to biotic stress
2.3.1 Breeding for downy mildew resistance
A hybrid obtained through embryo rescue of Flame Seedless × Catawba cross was found promising.
Berries are very small, seeded and crisp, bunches are loose, highly acidic and with muscat flavour.
The vine is very vigorous and downy mildew tolerant and will be useful for further cross breeding.
Ten different crosses were made using susceptible Flame Seedless and Thompson Seedless as male
parents and resistant female parents such as SV-B2-25-III, SV B2-24-III, Seibel B2-32-II, Seibel B2-
32-II and CBR (B2-14-III). About 7000 flowers were crossed out of which 3719 seeds were obtained.
The progenies obtained will be used as segregating population for the identification of molecular
markers linked with the downy mildew resistance.
Programme 3.
Application of biotechnological research in grapes
3.1 Molecular tagging for commercially important traits
3.1.1 Molecular tagging for downy mildew resistance in grape
Microsatellite analysis of accessions
Forty-four accessions were analysed with another 24 primers. However consistent results were
obtained with only 18 primers. Thus this population has been analysed with 44 primers. Data for all
the primers were scored and analysed. 44 primers detected a total of 433 alleles with an average of
9.8 alleles per primer. The number of alleles detected by each primer ranged between 4-23
(VVMD14).
Microsatellite analysis of hybrids
DNA from 44 hybrids was analysed with 4 micro satellite primers. Analysis with more primers,
scoring and analysis is in progress.
Structure analysis of accessions
The microsatellite data was subjected to population structure analysis to estimate the number of
populations in the studied material. Software STRUCTURE 2.1 was used with 100000 burnin length
and 100000 run length. K value ranging from 1-8 was considered. The Ln probability of data was
stabilized at 5 and a plateau was reached. Therefore 5 populations were considered. All the
susceptible accessions were grouped in one population whereas resistant accessions were distributed
in several populations.
| 8 |

Research Activities
Association analysis
i. Non parametric analysis
Genotype data and field screening data of disease rating were analysed using non parametric test.
The test compares means of two genotype classes. A total of 23 markers showed significant
association with trait. 12 markers were present in resistant accessions whereas 11 were present in
susceptible accession.
ii. Regression analysis
The significant markers present in resistant and susceptible accessions were separately subjected to
multiple linear regression analysis. One susceptibility and one resistance marker was found to be the
most significant with a R 2 value of 0.49 and 0.33 respectively.
Cloning, sequencing and primer redesigning
Three promising bands identified by non parametric and multiple regression analysis were excised
from silver stained gel, reamplified, purified and cloned. The cloning was done in pGEM4 vector and
transformed into E. coli JM101 strain. The clones were sequenced and sequence data was used to
design degenerate primers in an order to develop SCAR.
3.3 Development of molecular techniques for variety and hybrid identification
3.3.1 Analysis of genetic variation among clones of Thompson Seedless
In an attempt to identify duplicate accessions and subsequently core collection for better germplasm
management, vines of Thompson Seedless collected from different sources and its clones were
analysed with eight microsatellite primers. The selected primers are highly polymorphic and
probability of
identical genotype
for these primers is
9.84 × 10 -14 .
Several identical
genotypes were
identified. Variation
was also detected for
many of the clones
derived from
Thompson Seedless.
Figure 1 shows the
difference in allelic
pattern of 3 vines of
Thompson Seedless.
Fig. 1. Allele profile of 3 vines of Thompson Seedless for primer VVS2. Top - Thompson Seedless (France),
Middle - Thompson Seedless (Italy) Bottom: Thompson Seedless (California)
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
3.3.2 DNA profiling of important grape varieties for testing genetic purity
Twenty eight commercially important varieties including rootstocks, wine varieties and table/raisin
varieties were analyzed with six microsatellite primers and their allele profile was developed. This
allele profile will be used for ascertaining their genetic purity at various stages of nursery propagation.
Programme 4.
Development of propagation and nursery technology
4.1 Standardization of macro-propagation including advanced techniques for
rootstocks and commercial varieties
4.1.1 Effect of different rootstocks and its maturity on graft success in Cabernet Sauvignon wine
grapes.
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different rootstock and stock maturity on graft
success in Cabernet Sauvignon wine grapes. The cuttings of Cabernet Sauvignon were grafted on
Dogridge, 1613 C, St. George and Salt Creek rootstocks with different shoot maturity (mature, semi
mature and green shoot). The growth performance of the grafted plants showed that the days for
bud sprout ranged from 15.06 in 1613C to 17.71 in Dogridge grafted vines. The vines grafted on
Dogridge rootstock showed higher percentage of success as compare to vines grafted on others. The
shoot length was also higher in the same rootstock. Higher stock scion ratio was noted in vines
grafted on St. George rootstock as compared with Dogridge.
In case of shoot maturity, semi matures shoots were early to sprout as compared to others. Percent
successful grafts were also higher in the same shoot maturity. However, the green shoots recorded
higher shoot length as compared to the semi mature and mature shoots. Maximum graft success was
recorded in green shoots than mature and semi mature.
4.1.2 Effect of different dates of propagation through hardwood cuttings on success in Dogridge
rootstock.
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different dates of cuttings multiplication on
success rate of rootstock. The hardwood cuttings of 8-10 mm diameter having 4 nodes were selected
for the study. The cuttings were submerged in water for overnight and at the time of planting, basal
end was dipped in 2000 ppm IBA solution. The cuttings were planted on four different times with
interval of 15 days. The results indicated that the cuttings planted on 24 th June had higher shoot
length (111.49), total length of primary (307.80 cm) and secondary (671.03 cm) roots, average root
diameter (1.59 mm) as compared to the other dates of planting. The fresh weight of roots was also
higher (24.0 g) as compared to other timings of multiplications. However, the percent dry matter of
roots was less in the same treatment as compared to other planting time. Higher per cent success
rate (94.0%) was also recorded in the same treatment.
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Research Activities
Programme 5.
Use of rootstocks for grape cultivation
5.1 Standardization of rootstocks for table and raisin grapes
5.1.1 Influence of rootstocks on table grapevine physiology and biochemistry
Thompson Seedless
No significant differences were observed in pruning weights of Thompson Seedless vines (own rooted
and grafted on 5 rootstocks) during 5 th year of the study. Early bud burst and more number of sprouts
were recorded in Thompson Seedless grafted on 110 R followed by 99 R, 1103 P and St. George.
Delayed sprouting was observed on Dogridge. No significant difference was observed for cane
diameter, though it was highest on Dogridge. Lesser stock scion ratio on Dogridge indicates its more
vigour to the scion. Among rootstocks no significant differences were observed in total phenolic and
flavonoid compounds during full bloom stage. Total protein content significantly differed among
rootstocks and it was highest in 110 R rootstock followed by Dogridge. No significant differences
were observed for most of the gas exchange parameters during full bloom stage. However, water use
efficiency at single leaf level was recorded maximum on Dogridge followed by those on 110 R, 1103
P and 99 R. Significant differences were observed for most of the yield and quality parameters.
Rootstock 110 R recorded highest number of bunches and yield per vine, but average bunch weight,
berry diameter and berry length was highest on Dogridge followed by those on 110 R. No significant
difference was observed for raisin recovery among rootstocks.
Tas-A-Ganesh
Performance of Tas-A-Ganesh grafted on Dogridge, B2-56, 110 R and own rooted Tas-A-Ganesh
were studied for six years from 2000-01 to 2006-07. During sixth year no significant differences in
vegetative characters like pruning weight and number of sprouts were observed. Significant difference
was observed for total phenolic content during pre bloom stage with maximum on 110 R followed
by own rooted vines. The incidence of downy mildew on bunches was lesser on 110 R and own
rooted vines and higher incidence was on Dogridge. More phenolic compounds recorded in 110 R
followed by own rooted vines and the least was recorded on Dogridge rootstock.
5.1.2 Variation in biochemical composition in leaves and berries of Thompson Seedless grafted
on different rootstocks during berry developmental stages
The changes in biochemical composition of leaves and berries of Thompson Seedless (grafted on 5
rootstocks and own rooted) was monitored at 3-4 mm, 8-10mm, veraison and harvesting. The
second year data revealed significant differences for leaf phenolic compounds during pre veraison
stage of sampling, where in Thompson Seedless grafted on St. George recorded maximum phenols
and flavonoids while total flavon - 3 ols was maximum in ungrafted Thompson Seedless. There was
gradual reduction in total phenolic contents from I stage (3-4 mm) to harvest stage of sampling. But,
with the maturity of the leaves, there was slight reduction in phenolic compounds and individual
groups. The reduction was highest in leaves of ungrafted Thompson Seedless and those grafted on
St. George and 99 R. The slight reduction was observed in leaves of Thompson Seedless grafted on
110 R, Dogridge and 1103 P.
Similarly, total phenolics, individual groups of phenols and total protein content in berries during
different developmental stages showed significant differences, wherein maximum berry phenolic
compounds and individual phenolics groups during two stages (3-4 mm and 8-10 mm berries) of
berry sampling and was maximum in Thompson Seedless grafted on Dogridge, 1103 P and 110 R
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
rootstocks. Compared to reduction in phenolic contents of leaves from I stage to harvest stage, there
was greater reduction in these compounds in berries of ungrafted and grafted Thompson Seedless
berries. There was gradual reduction in total phenolic content of berries from veraison stage (stage
III) till harvest in all the rootstocks. Protein content in the berries showed an increasing trend till
veraison and later it decreased during ripening (Fig 2).
Total proteins (mg/g fresh wt)
25
20
15
10
5
I stage II stage III stage IV stage
0
Dogridge 110 R 1103 P 99 R St. George Thompson
Rootstocks
Seedless
Fig. 2. Total proteins in Thompson
Seedless grafted on different
rootstocks during berry
development stages
Programme 6.
Horticultural practices for quality and yield in table and wine
grapes
6.1 Standardization of canopy architecture
6.1.1 Standardization of canopy architecture for Tas-A-Ganesh
Effect of stems on yield and quality of grapes grafted on Dogridge rootstock under flat roof gable system of
training
This experiment was conducted for second consecutive year to study the performance of Tas-A-
Ganesh vines grafted on Dogridge rootstock for comparison of the stems in long term. Results
revealed that the growth performance in terms of vegetative growth i.e., shoot length and diameter,
number of canes per vine was higher in case of double stem as compared to the single stem. The
average bunch weight, 50-berry weight, berry diameter and yield per vine were recorded higher in
Tas-A-Ganesh vines grafted on Dogridge rootstock and trained with double stem as compared to the
single stem. In general, the yield in double stem was significantly higher (13.77 Kg) than single stem
(11.07 Kg). Number of bunches/vine was significantly higher in double stem than in the single stem
vines. This confirms the better performance of Tas-A-Ganesh vines grafted on Dogridge rootstock
trained with double stem.
Effect of stems on yield and quality of grapes trained on bower system of training
Majority of the vineyards are trained on bower system of training. The grafting is performed on two
shoots of the rootstock. In many of the cases both the grafts are successful out of which only one is
trained to bower. But, in majority of the cases both the shoots are trained that becomes the stem or
trunk. An experiment was conducted to study the effect of stems in bower trained Tas-A-Ganesh
vines. The data revealed that the vines on double stem performed better in terms of growth
performance and also the yield per vine. However, with the increase in bunch numbers it was found
that the quality in terms of berry diameter gets reduced.
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Research Activities
Comparison of grafted vines with own rooted Tas-A-Ganesh vines
The objective of conducting the experiment was to confirm long-term effect of Tas-A-Ganesh vines
grafted on Dogridge rootstock with the own rooted vines under flat roof gable system of training. The
growth performance in terms of shoot length, cane diameter, number of shoots per vine and leaf
area per shoot was recorded higher in case of Tas-A-Ganesh vines grafted on Dogridge rootstock as
compared to the own rooted vines for the second consecutive year.
The yield performance in terms of biomass, number of bunches per vine, 50-berry weight, average
bunch weight, berry diameter and yield per vine was higher in the grafted vines as compared to the
own rooted vines.
Effect of training modification on yield and quality of Tas-A-Ganesh vines grafted on Dogridge rootstock
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different training modification on growth and
yield of Tas-A-Ganesh vines grafted on Dogridge rootstock. The vines were trained on flat roof gable
with different modification by varying the numbers of cordons and also the directions (horizontal and
vertical). In the present study, it was observed that the shoots positioned vertically were more fruitful
than the horizontally placed shoots. The numbers of shoots were higher in case of four cordons either
placed vertically or horizontally followed by double cordons and single cordons. The shoot length and
cane diameter were higher in case of single cordon placed horizontally. The cane diameter was less
in case of four cordons either placed horizontally or diagonally. This might have been due to the
dilution effect. As the number and length of cordon increased, the cane diameter was reduced.
The yield performance in terms of number of bunches per vine was higher in case of the vines trained
with four cordons followed by double and single cordons placed either horizontally or vertically. The
average bunch weight was higher in single cordon placed horizontally as compared to the double and
four cordons. The average bunch weight was less in case of four cordons placed either horizontally
or vertically as compared to the other type. Though the yield per vine was higher in case of four
cordons, the berry diameter was reduced drastically. The increased in number of bunches per vine
reduced the berry diameter. This might be due to the competition of number of for their nutrient
requirement resulted in to the reduction in the quality of the bunches.
Effect of training modification on yield and quality of own rooted vines
Though the growers have realized the importance of rootstock in raising the vineyards, there are still
many grape gardens raised on their own roots. Considering this, an experiment was conducted to
study the effect of own rooted Tas-A-Ganesh vines trained on the flat roof gable system of training.
The vines were trained with single, double and four cordons either placed diagonally or horizontally.
It was observed that the growth performance in terms of shoot length and cane diameter was higher
in case of single cordon as compared to other treatments. The number of bunches per vine, average
bunch weight and berry diameter was higher in case of single cordon followed by double and four
cordons either placed vertically or horizontally. The total yield per vine was higher in case of four
cordons but the yield in terms of quality i.e., berry diameter and average bunch weight was less in
four cordons placed horizontally or vertically as compared to the other types. The quality yield (berry
size >18 mm, TSS 18-20°B, bunch weight 350-500 g) was recorded in case of single cordons and
double cordons as compared to the four cordons modification in the same training system.
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
Performance of own rooted and grafted vines trained on bower system
The performance of own root in comparison with the grafted vines was the main objective of the
experiment. Both type of vines were trained to bower. Preliminary study showed significant
differences for growth and quality parameters in Tas-A-Ganesh vines trained on bower system. The
grafted vines performed well in terms of growth parameters i.e. shoot length, cane diameter, leaf
area, number of shoots per vine, etc. and yield parameters i.e. number of bunches per vine, average
bunch weight, berry diameter, 50-berry weight, yield per vine, etc.
Effect of bunch load on colour development in Sharad Seedless and Flame Seedless grapes grafted on
Dogridge rootstock
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of bunch load in achieving the uniform bunch
colour in Sharad Seedless and Flame Seedless grapes grafted on Dogridge rootstock.
The bunch load per vine varied from 30 per vine to 90 bunches per vine. It was observed that with
the increase in number of bunches, there was decrease in percent uniform colour bunches per vine.
The days taken for colour development were increased with the increase in bunch load per vine. 50-
berry weight and berry diameter was also recorded higher with the minimum number of bunches
retained per vine. Significant differences were also recorded for quality yield per vine. The increase
in number of bunches per vine resulted in the reduction in the berry size. Significant differences were
recorded for internal CO 2 concentration and also transpiration rate. No significant difference were
recorded for stomatal conductance. 50 bunches per vine were found to be optimum to produce better
quality grapes. The same trend was recorded for Flame Seedless grapes.
6.5 Protected cultivation for improving quality of grapes
6.5.1 Effect of shading material on yield and quality of grapes grafted on Dogridge rootstock
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different shading material on yield and quality of
Tas-A-Ganesh grapes grafted on Dogridge rootstock. The vines were covered with different shading
material HDPE plastic, green and black shade nets, gunny cloth, sarees etc.
Average bunch weight and berry diameter was recorded higher in plastic covered vines followed by
green coloured shade nets (with 50% light) and gunny cloth as compared to the control where no
shading material was used. TSS was also recorded to be higher in case of plastic covered vines. Yield
per vine was also higher in plastic covered vines followed by green coloured shade nets as compared
to the control vines. However, the differences for photosynthesis were found to be non significant.
The rate of stomata conductance was higher in green shade nets followed by sarees and gunny cloths
treatment. The rate of transpiration was also higher in green shade nets as compared to other
shading material. The overall performance was recorded better in plastic followed by bunches
covered with green shade nets.
Programme 7.
Nutrient and soil management in grapes
7.2 Developing petiole nutrient guides for wine grapes
7.2.1 Developing petiole nutrient guides for Cabernet Sauvignon
Petiole samples were analysed and yield and quality parameters were recorded from wine Cabernet
Sauvignon vineyards from the Nasik region between 2005-2007. A database is being maintained. At
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Research Activities
growers farm at Dindori, data were recorded for vines raised on own roots and vines grafted on 110R
(Vitis berlandieri x Vitis rupestris) and Dogridge (Vitis champini) rootstock being irrigated with
irrigation water having low salinity (EC= 0.60 - 0.65 dS/m) during 2005-06 and 2006-07. No
significant differences were observed with respect to yield amongst different stock scion combinations
during both the years.
Effect of different stocks on tissue nutrient contents
Nutrient concentration in tissues was affected significantly by the stock. During 2005-2006 fruiting
season nutrient concentrations in the petioles (5 th leaf position) during full bloom stage and 7 th leaf
position 60 days after pruning were studied. Own rooted vines contained significantly higher K, Mg,
Na and Zn, Na and chloride content in petioles compared to vines grafted on Dogridge and 110R
rootstock at 45 full bloom stage. Vines grafted on 110R and own rooted vines also contained
significantly higher P content in petioles.
At sixty days after pruning also own rooted vines and vines grafted on 110R rootstock contained
significantly higher P content compared to vines grafted on Dogridge rootstock. At this stage the
differences with respect to K were not significant among grafted and ungrafted vines and the grafted
vines contained significantly less chloride content. The Mg content was significantly higher in the
petioles of own rooted wines compared to vines grafted on Dogridge rootstock. Lowest
concentration was observed in Dogridge rootstock. At 90 days 110 R and Dogridge rootstocks
contained significantly higher K than Salt Creek.
During 2006-07 nutrients content in petioles (5 th leaf position) opposite to bunch was determined at
full bloom stage. K, Na and Zn, Na and chloride content was significantly higher in petioles (5 th leaf
position) of own rooted vines compared to vines grafted on Dogridge and 110 R rootstock. Petiole
P content was significantly higher in own rooted as well as vines grafted on 110R rootstock
compared to vines grafted on Dogridge rootstock. Nutrient content in petioles and blades in middle
leaves (7-10 th leaf position) at full bloom stage was also studied. Both petioles and lamina of own
rooted vines contained significantly higher Mg, Zn, Na and chloride content compared to vines
grafted on Dogridge and 110 R rootstock. Petioles K content was significantly higher in own rooted
vines compared to grafted vines, however, differences were not significant in lamina. The above
results revealed that nutrient uptake pattern was significantly affected by the stock system.
7.4 Techniques to improve nutrient use efficiency in grapes including farm waste
recycling
Effect of rootstock on nutrient uptake and yield and yield parameters in Thompson Seedless vines
During the period the nutrient content in vines was studied at different stages and the data were
recorded to study the effect of rootstocks on nutrient uptake pattern of the vines. Rootstock effect
was significant with respect to some nutrients. All the three rootstocks (Salt Creek, Dogridge and 110
R) significantly reduced the chloride content in the petioles at all the stages (45, 60,75 and 90 days
after pruning) of sampling during fruiting season 2005-2006. Vines grafted on Salt creek significantly
higher chloride content than the other two rootstocks. Significantly less sodium content in petioles
of Thompson Seedless vines grafted on 110 R stock at all the stages compared to other stock scion
combinations. At 60 and 90 days Thompson Seedless on Dogridge and Salt Creek contained
significantly higher Na than self rooted Thompson Seedless vines in petioles.
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
At 45 and 60 days, 110R stock resulted in significantly higher P concentration than other rootstocks
lowest concentration was observed in Dogridge rootstock. Own rooted vines significantly higher
petiole P content then vines grafted on Dogridge rootstock at 60, 75 and 90 days. At 45 days
petioles of own rooted vines had significantly higher K content compared to the three rootstocks. At
90 days 110R and Dogridge rootstocks coned significantly higher K than Salt Creek. Significantly
higher Zinc concentration was observed in the petioles of own rooted vines compared to grafted
vines at all the stages of sampling.The studies were continued for the fruiting season 2006-07 also.
Self-rooted vines contained significantly higher K than the vines raised on rootstocks at 45 days
during foundation pruning 2006-2007. The vines on Salt creek rootstocks had significantly higher P
content compared to vines raised on 110R. All the three rootstocks resulted in significantly less
chloride concentration that own rooted vines. Significantly less Na content was found in case of vines
raised on 110R rootstock compared to Dogridge and Salt Creek. Studies with respect to other
nutrients and other stages are in progress.
110 R rootstock resulted in significantly higher bunch number per vine during the fruiting season
2006-2007. All the rootstocks produced significantly higher yield than own rooted vines. Yield per
vine was highest in case of 110 R / Thompson Seedless combination and was significantly higher
than Dogridge / Thompson Seedless combination. Shelf life studies showed that per cent
physiological loss of water from bunch was highest in case of own rooted vines. After 8 days at
ambient laboratory temperature the physiological loss in weight (PLW) was significantly higher in case
of own rooted vines (14.76%) than the grafted vines. All the three rootstocks did not differ
significantly with respect to the PLW.
Rootstock effect on zinc content in Tas-A-Ganesh tissues (2002-2006)
The vine tissues were sampled and analysed 12 times at different growth stages from the same vines
between 2002-2006. The concentration of the zinc was always significantly higher in petioles of own
rooted compared to grafted vines at all the stages of sampling. In 10 out of 12 sampling stages there
was no significant different in zinc content in the petioles of vines grafted on 110 R and those grafted
on Dogridge rootstock. The blades of own rooted vines also had significantly higher zinc content.
The vines grafted on the two rootstocks also did not differ in zinc uptake. The variations in Zn
concentrations observed in the tissues did not reflect in yield of the vines. The data pointed out that
the own rooted vines might require different rates of zinc applications compared to grafted vines to
maintain the same concentration in the vine parts.
Studies on evaluation of grapevine rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere fungi for P solubilization
Twelve Aspergillus isolates isolated from the rhizosphere and non- rhizosphere soils of the
grapevines were evaluated for the P solubilization in the laboratory. All the isolates from rhizosphere
and non- rhizosphere solubilized the P from added calcium triphosphate (250 ppm P) ranging from
124.3 ppm to 178 ppm compared to only 3.3 ppm in the absolute control after 5 days of
incubation. The higher content of solubilized P in case of above isolates was supported by more
reduction in the pH of the media. The lowest solubilization of P was observed in case of isolate
number 12 and the smallest zone diameter were also observed in the same isolate. The reduction in
pH in comparison to the control was also least in case of same isolate. Further studies in this respect
are in progress.
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Research Activities
7.4.2 On farm wastes recycling
An experiment has been conducted on effect of recycling of pruned biomass and graded levels of N
of Sharad Seedless grapes. The treatment differences were not significant after the first year of the
experimentation. The experiment is continued.
7.5 Studies on nutrient disorders
7.5.2 Nutrient composition of tissues in vines exhibiting black leaf symptoms
Variations in the nutrient content of healthy (no visual symptoms on leaves) and affected (leaves with
visual symptoms) present on the same vine were studied, as all the leaves did not exhibit the leafblackening
symptom. The soil analysis after the appearance of the symptoms was not conclusive.
The tissue samples (petiole, leaf blade from top to bottom on a shoot) were collected from the healthy
and affected shoots of the same vine (Thompson Seedless grafted on Dogridge rootstock). The rachis
of the bunch from the same shoots were also analysed during fruit ripening stage, for macro and
micronutrients. Petioles, leaf blades and rachis from affected vine parts contained significantly lower
K and higher Na and Cl content. The P content in tissues of the affected shoots was also reduced
significantly. The results corroborated our findings of earlier years that black leaf symptom in
Thompson Seedless vines was caused by low potassium content as indicated by tissue analysis. The
micronutrient cations Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn were not found associated with the development of the
symptom.
In order to know if chloride or sodium alone is associated with the symptoms development an
experiment using sodium salts was conducted. The vines were sprayed with NaCl and Na 2 SO 4
@ 0.50% before veraison stage and the symptom development was observed. The petioles and leaf
blades were analysed for K, Na and chloride content. The sprays with these sodium salts resulted in
marginal leaf burn but no blackening of the tissues was observed.
Programme 9.
Grape physiology including use of bioregulators
9.1 Studies on pink berry in white grapes and its management
9.1.2 Studies to find the root cause and its remedy through cell suspension culture
Pink berry disorder results in reduction in export, increase loss of around crore rupees. To find out
cause and its remedies work on cell suspension culture was initiated. The preliminary observations
showed that the callus was generated from tender leaves, petioles, tendrils, berries and berry skin.
The callus generated from above plant parts are ready for cell suspension culture. The trial for further
investigations is in progress.
9.1.3 Effect of nutrients on pink berry incidence in Thompson Seedless grapes
Effect of nutrient sprays/bunch dipping was studied on the incidence of pink berry disorder in
Thompson Seedless grapes. Potassium salts (potassium nitrate and potassium sulphate), Calcium salts
(CaNO 3 , CaCl 2 ) were sprayed @ 0.5% ensuring full bunch coverage while laboratory grade
orthophosphoric acid was used for bunch dipping @ 0.2 and 0.5% (v/v) basis. The treatments were
imposed twice before (15 days) and at berry softening stage. Application of calcium chloride reduced
the anthocyanin (520 nm) significantly compared to other treatments.
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
9.1.4 Role of bioregulators in pink berry development
Effect of Antioxidants to avoid pink berry formation in Thompson Seedless grapes
The preliminary studies on pink berry incidence were conducted during this year on use of chemicals
like anti-oxidants. The Anti-oxidants did not record the significant differences with respect to per cent
pink berries in a bunch.
Effect of polyamines on pink berry incidence in Thompson Seedless grapes
The preliminary studies on pink berry incidence were conducted during this year by use of
polyamines. In this experiment none of the treatment was effective to complete control of pink berry
formation.
9.1.5 Influence of rootstocks and environment on development of pink berry in Seedless grapes
Thompson Seedless
Preliminary observations revealed significant
difference between rootstocks in the incidence of
pink berries. Least pink berry incidence was
observed in Thompson Seedless grafted on 1613 C
rootstocks followed by own rooted vines (25 - 30%).
While on the other rootstocks like Dogridge, 110 R,
1103 P, St. George, SO-4, 99 R, the incidence
ranged from 70-80%. Total phenolic content was
reduced in pink berries than in green berries, while
total proteins (Fig. 3), anthocyanins, reducing sugar
(Fig. 4) and TSS increased in pink berries. Strong
positive correlation was observed between incidence
of pink berries and reducing sugars, proteins and
negative correlation between total flavonoids.
Further detailed studies on individual anthocyanin
derivatives and phenol derivatives, in pink berries
will be carried out in the coming years.
In another study on the incidence of pink berry in
CPPU treated Thompson Seedless bunches, own
rooted vines had significantly less numbers if pink
berry bunches per vine (3.86 %) compared to those
grafted on different rootstocks (43.57 -55.61%.)
The self rooted vines had significantly less TSS
content compared to that of grafted vines. The acidity (%) in berries was significantly higher in self
rooted than those grafted on different rootstocks.
Tas-A-Ganesh
In another study the similar observations were recorded in two experimental plots of the centre on
Tas-A-Ganesh vines grown on own roots and Dogridge, B2-56 and 110 R rootstocks where CPPU
was not applied. The vineyards were raised under uniform fertilization and irrigation and other
cultural practices during current year. The observations were recorded on 06-03-2007. Similar to
Thompson Seedless vines the Tas-A-Ganesh vines grown on own roots had lowest (significantly less)
Total proteins (mg / g)
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
| 18 |
Pink
Green
Dogridge 110R 1103 P 99 R St. 1613 C Salt
George Creek
Rootstocks
SO-4 Thompson
Seedless
Fig. 3. Total protein content in pink and green
T. seedless berries
Reducing sugar (mg/g)
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Dogridge
Pink
110R
1103 P
Green
99 R
St. George
Rootstocks
Fig. 4. Reducing sugars in pink and green
berries
1613 C
Salt Creek
SO-4
Thompson Seedless

Research Activities
number of bunches having pink berries compared to other stock scion combinations. The TSS
content was also less in bunches having no visual pink discoloration in own rooted vines. However
the berries of the own rooted vines having pink discoloration had significantly higher TSS content.
The downy mildew infection on bunch stalks increased the percentage of pink berry affected bunches
in all the stock scion combinations.
9.1.6 Effect of paper cover bags on incidence of pink berry formation Thompson Seedless
grapes
The specially made paper bags were used to cover the bunches in order to avoid pink berries vis-avis
improvement in berry quality. The significant variation was observed between the covered
bunches and without covering. The bunches which covered at 75 days after pruning did not show
symptoms of pink berry formation as 81.5% pink berries were observed in open bunches. Similar
observations were recorded with number of pink berries in a bunch. TSS was observed more in open
and partially covered bunches as compared to fully covered bunches. A reverse trend was observed
with respect to acidity.
9.3 Standardization of bioregulators schedule for improving quality and yield of table
and wine grapes
9.3.1 Standardization of bioregulators schedule for improving quality and yield of table grapes
Effect of CPPU to improve berry quality and yield in Thompson Seedless grapes
The CPPU (0.1%)was applied at 3-4 and 6-7 mm berry size stage as a dip. The data on berry and
bunch characters revealed the significant differences in all the parameters except acidity of berry
juice. Mean bunch weight was recorded significantly higher in CPPU and GA 3 treatment as
compared to control (no application of any bioregulator) and the highest bunch weight was recorded
when the CPPU was applied @ 2 ppm at 3-4 and 6-7 berry size stages. The similar results were
observed with respect to 100- berry weight, berry diameter, berry length, pedicel thickness and yield
per vine. However, TSS was recorded higher in control than the CPPU and GA 3 treatment.
The physiological loss in weight (PLW) was observed for 7 days in shelf at room temperature after
30 days of cold storage. The results revealed that the significant differences were recorded up to 3 rd
day in shelf and the minimum physiological loss of weight was recorded in CPPU treatment as
compared to control.
Effect of stage and doses of GA 3 and CPPU on Thompson Seedless and Sharad Seedless in Grapes
To standardize the dose of GA 3 and CPPU for production of export quality grapes, the present study
was conducted. The GA 3 @ 30, 40 and 50 ppm was applied, similarly CPPU @ 1.0 ml, 1.5 ml and
2.0 ml per liter was applied at 3 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm berry size stage as a first dip after berry
setting. The second dip was given at 8-9 mm berry size stage with 40 ppm GA 3 and 2 ppm CPPU.
Effect of Biostimulants on berry quality of Thompson Seedless, Sharad Seedless and Flame Seedless grapes
To keep leaves healthy biostimulants (stim rich, speed, kelpak, biozyme, fantac and biovita) are being
used during the post lag phase which coincides with the cold climatic conditions. To see the effect
locally available biostimulants were used to study their influence in Thompson Seedless, Sharad
Seedless and Flame Seedless grapes. Variable response of biostimulants was observed in all the three
grape varieties. In Thompson seedless only berry diameter was increased with the application of
biostimulants. In Sharad Seedless, 50-berry weight and TSS was increased and in Flame Seedless
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
grapes, the biostimulants influenced the TSS and pedicel thickness. Confirmation, the study will be
continued for second year.
9.3.3 Quantification of endogenous levels of bioregulators at different stages in grape varieties
Preliminary analysis of the grape varieties viz. Red Globe, Fantasy Seedless, Perlette, A-17/3 and
Thompson Seedless at different phenological stages showed the variation in gibberellic acid, auxins
and abscissic acid content. This trial is in continuation for conformity.
9.4 New chemicals / botanicals for improving budbreak, quality and yield of grapes
9.4.1 Bio-efficacy of Fantac in grapes
Fantac contains amino acids and considered as one of the bio-stimulant used to improve berry quality
in grapes. The significant differences were recorded with the application of fantac with respect to
pedicel thickness, berry length TSS and shelf life. The Application of fantac @ 1ml/litre recorded
the more thick pedicels as compared to the other treatments. Like wise, berry length was recorded
significantly more in T3 (Fantac @ 1.5 ml/litre) However, TSS was recorded significantly more in
control than the fantac treatments. Physiological loss in weight was recorded the significant
differences up to 5 days and the significantly less PLW was recorded in T3 treatment (Fantac: 1.5
ml/litre). This indicates that the application of Fantac @ 1.5 ml/litre seems to be beneficial to obtain
good quality grapes.
9.4.2 Bio-efficacy of Green miracle in Grapes
Green miracle is an antitranspirant containing fatty acids. The significant differences were recorded
with the spray of green miracle with respect to mean bunch weight, 100 berry weight berry size and
yield/plant. The significant differences were also recorded in shelf life. Significantly higher bunch
weight was recorded with the spray of green miracle @ 4 ml/litre. In general, the green miracle
treatments recorded the higher bunch weight and 100 berry weight.
The more berry diameter and length was recorded with the application of green miracle as compared
to water spray and no application of green miracle. Yield/vine was also recorded higher in green
miracle treatments. Physiological loss in weight was recorded significantly minimum in green miracle
treatments up to 5 days.
9.4.3 Bio-efficacy of Boomflower in grapes
Boom flower contains nitrobenzene, which is used for improving the fruit quality. In the present
study, 4 applications at different concentrations (0.1 - 2 ml/litre) were applied. The significant
differences were recorded with the application of Boom flower with respect to berry diameter and
pulp content. Though the differences were not significant, the yield/vine was also recorded higher in
boom flower treatment (2.0 ml/litre). The same treatment recorded the least PLW during the storage
up to 5 days.
Programme 10. Studies on viticulturally important microorganisms
10.1 Development of biofungicides for major diseases
Isolation of antagonists
A yeast and an actinomyetes exhibiting antogonistic properties were isolated from the vineyard.
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Research Activities
10.4 Development of bio-remedial agents for pesticides
Bio-remediation of triazole fungicides with pre-harvest sprays of formulations of bio-control agents
Trichoderma, Ampelomyces, Verticilium etc.
1. A field trial conducted during fruiting season of 2006, indicated that sprays of Trichoderma
during last 30 days before harvest, reduced the PHI of flusilazole from 48 days to 18 days. The
results have useful practical application as this fungicide was used extensively during last 40 - 50
days of harvest due to its excellent bio-efficacy, but was found in highest number of grape
samples collected from vineyards producing exportable table grapes.
2. In the second year field trial, during fruiting season of 2007, the results with Trichoderma was
confirmed. Other bio-control agents viz. Verticillium lecanii, Ampelomyces quiscalis, and two
isolates of Saccharomyces used for wine fermentation were also found to reduce PHI of
flusilazole.
3. The bio-remediation studies were also conducted at growers field in Niphad (Nasik) to study the
degradation of hexaconazole and myclobutanil, the other two triazole fungicides used by grape
growers during last 30-40 days of harvest, as their PHI is relatively less i.e. 30-38 days. However,
no significant results were obtained.
10.5 Development of native yeasts for wine making
Twenty four yeast cultures were isolated from the surface of fruits and germinating cereals and pulses
and analysed for sugar and alcohol tolerance. Isolates RS-1 from pea and SR-1 from wheat could
tolerate up to 25% sugar and 11% alcohol.
Programme 11. Integrated disease management in grapes
11.1 Studies on the bioefficacy of fungicides and safer environmental profile products
for management of major grape diseases
11.1.1 Multilocational field trial on chemical control of downy mildew
Until recently there were only few fungicides available in India for control of diseases caused by
Phycomycetes in general and downy mildew of grapes in specific. However, in recent past lots of
new chemicals are being used outside the country for the control of downy mildew of grapes. Some
of the chemicals tested in our experiments have been listed below according to their group.
Main group Subgroup Name of fungicide
N-Phenyl amides – Metalaxyl-M
QOI fungicides (Quinne Outside Inhibitors) Methoxy acrylates Azoxystrobin
Methoxy carbamates Pyraclostrobin
Oxymino acetates Kresoxim methyl, Trifloxy strobin
Imidazolinones
Fenamidone
Cyanoacetamide oximes – Cymoxanil
CAA fungicides (Carboxilic Acide Amides) Cinnamic acide amides Dimethomorph
Valinamide carbamet Iprovalicarb
Mandelic acide amide Mandipropamid
Dithiocarbamates relatives – Metiram, Propineb,
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
Attempt was made to test the bio-efficacy of all these fungicides in one experiment. The experiment
was conducted simultaneously at five locations covering major grapes growing area of Maharashtra
State. Two locations were in Nasik district (Kalvan, and Chandori), two locations were in Sangli
district (Nimni and Mhaisal), and one location was in Pune district (Narayangaon). The trial was
conducted during fruiting season of October 2006 to April 2007. In case of all new fungicides the
residue was estimated at harvest at National Referral Laboratory, using LC MS-MS. Fungicide doses
standardized for control of downy mildew on leaves and bunches and residues detected at harvest
have been given in Table 5.
Between October to December 2006, 7 to 8 sprays of the fungicides were given at each location. It
is important to note that in case of no fungicide the residue was detected above MRL. This indicates
that all these fungicides are safe to use.
Table 5. Optimum doses of the fungicides for control of downy mildew in grapes and their residue in grapes
at harvest in comparison to MRL
Fungicide and Formulation
Optimum dose
Average of
residue detected
at harvest (ppm)
Mandipropamid 250SC 0.8 – 1.0 ml / l 0 – 0.002
MRL of the
fungicide in
Europe (ppm)
(Mandipropamid + mancozeb) 65WG 2.0 g / l 0 – 0.093 –
(Metalaxyl M + mancozeb) 68WP 2.5 g / l 0 – 0.022
(Ridomil Gold)
(Metalaxyl M + mancozeb) 68WG 2.5 g / l 0.059 – 0.138
Dimethomorph 50WP (Acrobat) 0.8 g / l – –
Dimethomorph 50WP + mancozeb (0.75 g + 2.0 g ) / l 0 – 0.021
78WP as Tank mix
Metiram 70WG 2.0 g /l – –
Pyraclostrobin 20WG 0.5 g / l 0.010 – 0.013
(Metiram + pyraclostrobin) 60WDG 1.25 g / l 0 – 0.016
Kocide 3000 1.25 g – 1.5 g / l – –
Kocide 2000 1.25 g – 1.5 g / l – –
(Iprovalicarb 5.5% + propineb 61.25%) 3.0 g / l 0.027 – 0.032
66.75WP (Melodyduo)
(Fenamidone 10 % + mancozeb 50%) 1.5 g / l 0.005 – 0.076
60WG (Secure)
Kresoxim methyl 500SC (RIL011) 1.0 ml / l 0.027 – 0.342
(Captan 70%+ Hexaconazole 5%) 1.5 g / l – –
75WP (Taquat)
Captan 70WP 2.0 g / l – –
Azoxystrobin 200 ml / acre 0.005 – 0.279
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Research Activities
11.1.2 Chemical control of downy mildew by systemic fungicides after April pruning
Four Sprays of Mandipropamid 250SC, 0.8 - 1.0 ml/l; (Mandipropamid + mancozeb) 65WG, 2.0
g/l ; (Metalaxyl M + mancozeb) 68WP (Ridomil Gold), 2.5 g/l ; (Metalaxyl M + mancozeb) 68WG,
2.5 g/l showed excellent control of downy mildew and retained leaves till October. Mandipropamid
alone could not control rust disease on leaves, but did not cause leaf fall till October.
11.1.3 Bio-efficacy of Thiophanate methyl in control of anthracnose and powdery mildew
Four Sprays of Thiophanate methyl 70WP, 0.615 g/l showed good control of anthracnose and
moderate control of powdery mildew till October. But the anthracnose on young shoots during
September was not controlled effectively.
11.2 Use of Kocide 2000 (copper hydroxide) after foundation pruning
After foundation pruning, during monsoon, anthracnose, downy mildew are major disease problems
in grapes. Recently, incidence of rust is also observed in Thompson seedless, especially after August.
Since the damage caused by these diseases after foundation pruning is not very high, only Bordeaux
mixture, 0.5 % is commonly used for control of these diseases. Apart from good control of the
disease, retention of leaves till forward pruning in October is the major objective. Even though the
Bordeaux mixture is good in control of diseases, continuous use leaves dark spots on leaves, which
interfere in photosynthesis. Tender growth show scorching symptoms due to copper toxicity. The
new generation formulation of copper hydroxide (Kocide 2000) was thus tested for its efficacy in
control of all above mentioned diseases. Five sprays of Kocide-2000 @ 1.25 g/l (437.5 g metallic
copper/ha) at 10-15 days interval from 15 th June - 27 th August 2006 showed optimum control of
downy mildew, and rust on leaves after backward pruning and reduced leaf fall till the end of
September. The disease control and leaf fall recorded in above treatment was similar to that in case
of Bordeaux mixture 0.5 % which uses considerably high amount of metallic copper.
Control
Kocide-2000, 0.75 g/l
Kocide-2000, 1.0 g/l
Kocide-2000, 1.25 g/l
Bordeaux Mixture 0.5%
Field view of the plants treated with above mentioned treatments. Note the reduction of leaves
during September month as compared to control
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
11.3 Identification of new grape diseases
Survey for incidence of virus diseases in wine varieties
Symptoms of Grapevine Leaf Roll associated virus (GVLRaV) were observed in 1 year to 5 year old
vineyards at Narayangaon, Dindori (Nasik) and presence of GVLRaV 1+3 strain was confirmed with
ELISA tests.
The corky bark and stem pitting symptoms of Rugose Wood Complex were also observed in Shiraz
variety at one vineyards in Baramati and at one vineyard in Niphad (Nasik). Work on confirmation of
presence of virus in the affected vineyards is in progress by calling a meeting of all stakeholders.
The report of the survey was prepared and submitted to plant quarantine officers of the Central and
State Govts. for necessary action.
GVLRaV 1+3 was detected from leaves samples collected from private vineyards at Dindori and
Narayangaon, using ELISA tests.
11.5 Studies on biology of grape pathogens
11.5.1 Detection of oospores in downy mildew infected bunches
Young bunches often show downy mildew infection without presence of downy growth of sporangia.
Many times infection on leaves also is not seen in the vineyards, when bunches are infected. This
creates doubt whether bunch is actually infected by downy mildew. The dead tissues in bunch, when
observed under microscope showed abundant oospores of downy mildew. The presence of oospores
in dead tissues on the young bunch can be a easy diagnostic test for the downy mildew infection on
bunches, especially when downy growth of the sporangia is absent.
11.5.2 Bunches with dead or discoloured tissues in which
oospores were detected
Attempts were made to detect oospores in downy mildew
infected leaves collected from various infected vineyards
across Maharashtra. The oospores were not detected in
leaves. However, in most of the infected bunches oospores
were detected. Most of the time downy mildew infected
bunches remain in vineyards and later mixed in the soil. The
oospores are the weather resistant spores of downy mildew
and can survive in soil for years. It was therefore suggested that removal of downy mildew infected
bunches from the vineyards and their burning will reduce the oospore inoculum from the vineyard.
Table 6. Detection of oospores of downy mildew in different tissues in grapes
Tissue
No. of oospores at 100 x
Leaves 0.00
Pre-bloom bunch 56.00
Bunch – Necrotic tissue 6.09
Bunch – Discoloured 2.18
Bunch – Green adjoining infected tissue 0.82
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Research Activities
11.5.3 Development of single node segment explants for maintaining inoculum of powdery and
downy mildew
Explants from Thompson Seedless clone 2A and Tas-A-Ganesh and callus of Sharad Seedless are
being developed for maintaining inoculum of Plasmopara viticola and Uncinula necator, the two
bio-trophic pathogen causing downy and powdery mildews respectively, for different studies.
11.5.4 Studies on "Effect of cultural conditions on growth and sporulation of Botryodiplodia
theobromae"
The effect of temperature, pH and nutrients on growth and sporulation in four isolates of
Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat., known to cause various problems like arrested growth of shoots,
lesions on canes and main stems etc. in grapevines under stress conditions, was studied.
The optimum temperature for growth and sporulation for the isolates was 25°C. The optimum pH
was 6 for isolates15/3, 17/3 and S. No. 120 while it was 7.5 for isolate 18/1.
Programme 12. Integrated insect and mite pest management in grapes
12.1 Studies on the management thrips and mites
12.1.1 Survey for thrips and mites
Thrips population was recorded throughout the year and highest population was observed during
flowering period to early berry setting period i.e. November-December months. High incidence of
mites was noticed during late winter and early summer months of January-February. Weather data
was collected and studies on correlation and regression were made during 2006-07. Thrips and mites
incidence was negatively correlated with rainfall
Two species of thrips viz., Scirtothrips dorsalis and Haplothrips hawaiensis were found attacking
the grapes in Maharashtra
The mite causing the damage to grapes was identified as red spider mite Tetranychus urticae. More
than 50% of the leaves were found infested with mites at Nasik division. The incidence of mite was
also noticed in other parts of Maharashtra
12.1.2 Screening of germplasm against thrips
Different grape varieties and accessions were evaluated for their resistance to thrips. Five shoots per
plant were observed for the incidence of thrips and each shoot was further divided into shoot tip,
matured shoot and berries. Five plants were observed for each variety/accession. The varieties were
rated on a scale of 1-10, with 1 being the most resistant and 10 being the most susceptible.
Varieties/ accessions which showed least thrips attack were Tannat, Khalili, Lake Emerald, Malvasia
Binca de Vaporis and Pinot Noir. Varieties/accessions, which were found most susceptible to thrips
damage, were Thomson Seedless, Kishmish Belyi, 2A clone (Thompson Seedless), Coarna Regia,
EC 36506, Pusa Urvashi, and Superior. It was found that most of the table grape varieties were more
susceptible than wine varieties.
12.1.3 Evaluation of bio-pesticides for thrips
Biopesticides like Verticillium lecanii and Beauveria bassiana are commonly being used by grape
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
growers for the management of mealybugs. However, efforts were made to know their efficacy on
thrips population during fruiting season. Initial results showed that these bio-pesticides were not as
effective as neem formulations and standard insecticide Spinosad 45 SC in reducing thrips
population. Another microbial preparation of Psuedomonas fumosoresus was tested on mites
during fruiting season and the same will be tested for one more season to confirm the results
12.1.4 Evaluation of botanicals against thrips and mites
Nimbicidine 1% (azadirachtin 10000 ppm) and another herbal preparation made out of neem and
karanj were tried on thrips and mites for their bioefficacy, phyto-toxicity and effect on natural
enemies.
12.1.5 Evaluation of new generation insecticides for thrips and mites
New generation chemical Fipronil 80 % WG (Regent) was tested for the management thrips.
Heavy incidence of mites was noticed during fruiting season especially around Nasik. New generation
acaricides like abamectin 1.9% EC (Vertimec) , fenpyroximate 5 SC and bio-pesticide Psuedomonas
fumosoreus were tested for their bio-efficacy, effect on natural enemies and phytotoxicity.
12.2 Studies on the management mealybugs
12.2.1 Survey for mealybug species, ants and natural enemies
Mealybug incidence was recorded during December to March with highest peak during harvesting
months i.e. February-March month and incidence was continued in April wherever late pruning was
observed.
Four mealybug species viz., Maconellicoccus hirsutus, Planococcus citri, Nipaecoccus viridis and
Pseudococcus longispinus were collected. Among them, M. hirsutus and P. citri were found causing
severe loss. Eight species of ants viz., Componotus compressus, Componotus sericus, C.
rufuglaucus, Tapinoma melanocephalum,. Monomorium sp., Techinomyrmix sp., Solenopsis
geminata and Dolichoderus affinis were found associated with the mealybugs in the vineyards. iii.
The green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea was commonly found in many of the vineyards as a predator
of the mealybugs.
12.2.2 Evaluation of safe chemicals for the management of mealybugs
Bio-efficacy of mineral oil (Agro spray Oil) on mealybugs and its phytotoxicity, effect on natural
enemies was studied in 2006-07 and mineral @ 0.5% was found to effective in suppressing
mealybug colonies.
12.2.3 Evaluation of new generation insecticides for mealybugs
New generation insect growth regulator buprofezin 25 SC (Applaud) was tested for the management
of mealybugs and found that @ 1.25 g/l was found to be effective.
Soil drenching of imidacloprid 200 SL @ 1.5 ml/l/vine or imidacloprid 70 WG @ 0.45 g/l/vine
was found to be effective in the management of mealybugs.
Residue analysis for both these chemicals was also done and later they were included in the
recommendation list.
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Research Activities
12.2.4 Demonstration of lady bird beetles against mealybugs
Demonstration trial was conducted in association with Project Directorate of Biological Control,
Bangalore and Maharashtra State Grape Growers' Association, Pune in a farmer's grape garden at
Tuljapur in Maharashtra, a total of 25,000 larvae Cryptolaemus montrouzieri were released
@ 5000/ha from mid December to mid February. A mean of 0.95% bunch infestation was observed
in March 2007 in the released plot as compared to 70.50% bunch infestation in March 2006 in the
unreleased plot.
12.2.5 Development of IPM for mealybugs
During 2006-07 several components of IPM were tested for the management of mealybugs including
removal alternate host plants and weeds, debarking, destruction of pruned material, soil drenching
with imidacloprid , swabbing with dichlorvos, destruction of ant colonies, foliar spray with buprofezin,
release of Australian ladybird beetle Cryptolaemus montrouzieri and foliar spray of neem
formulations near harvest helped in reducing mealybug incidence and to harvest residue free grapes.
A mean of 1.84% bunch infestation was recorded in IPM plot as compared to 15.61 % in farmers
practice and 25.50% in the untreated check plot.
Programme 13. Management of agrochemical residues and environmental
contaminants in grapes
13.1 Studies on dissipation rates of new generation / other pesticides with reference to
changing MRLs
13.1.1 Persistence of buprofezin residues in grapes
Persistence of buprofezin residues in grapes was explored at two locations, viz. NRC Grapes, Pune
and Coimbatore. Degradation rate kinetics was explored at two doses and the estimated PHI was 40
days considering the lowest MRL requirement of 0.02 mg/kg for the European Union countries.
13.1.2 Persistence of spinosad residues in 4 different locations of India
A multi-location residue trial was conducted at Pune, Madurai, Hyderabad and Bijapur at
recommended (0.011 g a.i./ha) and double (0.022 g a.i./ha) doses. In all these locations, the
residues of spinosad (Spinosyn A + Spinosyn D) degraded at similar rate. The PHI was found to be
within 8 days considering the lowest MRL of 0.2 mg/kg applicable for the EU countries.
13.3 Persistence studies of agrochemical residues in soil and water
13.3.1 Effect of forchlorfenuron on soil microbial enzymes
Changes in soil enzyme activities as a consequence of forchlorfenuron treatment were studied for
extra-cellular enzymes namely acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase and
intracellular enzyme - dehydrogenase. Although small changes in enzyme activities were observed,
forchlorfenuron did not have any significant deleterious effect on the enzymatic activity of the test
soils. Simple correlation between degradation percentage and individual enzyme activities did not
produce any significant relationships. The pattern and change of enzyme activity might primarily be
the effect of the incubation period rather than the effect of forchlorfenuron itself. Forchlorfenuron
posed to be of no threat to soil biological activity at recommended dose.
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
13.3.2 Effect of thiamethoxam on soil microbial enzymes
Subsequent to the treatment of soils with thiamethoxam, the dehydrogenase enzyme activity
increased at the beginning, indicating stress induced increase in microbial respiration on exposure to
thiamethoxam. This however decreased at the end of the incubation period of 90 days. The initial
impact on the activities of the extra-cellular enzymes, namely acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase
and β-glucosidase also stabilized with time. Thiamethoxam, thus, did not have any significant
deleterious effect on the microbial activity of the test soils on long-term basis.
13.3.3 Sorption behaviour of forchlorfenuron on soils
The sorption behaviour of forchlorfenuron in three soils of different physico-chemical properties viz.
sandy-loam, clay and silty-clay was explored. The rate constants for the adsorption and desorption
at two different temperatures were obtained from the Lindstrom model, which simultaneously
evaluated adsorption and desorption kinetics. The data for rate constants, activation energies,
enthalpy of activation, entropy of activation and free energy indicated chemical adsorption of
forchlorfenuron on soil. The adsorptivity of different soils might be attributed to the organic matter
and clay contents. A good fit to the linear and Freundlich isotherms was observed. Forchlorfenuron
could be categorised as a chemical with low to medium leaching category.
13.3.4 Sorption behaviour of thiamethoxam on soils
The sorption behaviour of thiamethoxam in three Indian soils of major grapevine growing areas with
different physico-chemical properties is reported. The soil types included clay, sandy-loam and siltyclay
and had different ratios of sand, silt, clay and organic matter content. The data for the rate
constants, activation energies, enthalpy of activation, entropy of activation and free energy indicated
physical adsorption of thiamethoxam on soil. The adsorptivity of different soils might be attributed
to the organic matter and clay contents. The extent of adsorption was maximum on sandy-loam soil,
which also had maximum organic matter. A good fit to the linear and Freundlich isotherms was
observed. Thiamethoxam could be categorised as a chemical with medium to high leaching potential.
Programme 14. Development of post-harvest technologies
14.5 Development of technologies for unfermented beverages and other products
Bulk storage of fresh grape juice at low temperature (0°C) with least processing operation
Juice of both coloured and colourless varieties obtained from the germplasm block was obtained by
hand crushing without giving any treatment. Seeded and seedless varieties were also in the mixture.
In few cases, the juice was treated to boiling, cooled and stored. However, in other cases, the juice
was stored with following treatments :
i. Juice without any preservative
ii. Juice with the standard dose of sodium benzoate
iii. Juice with the standard dose of potassium bisulphite
iv. Juice with the standard mixture of sodium benzoate and potassium bisulphite
Irrespective of treatments, the juice remained in acceptable quality without any microbial spoilage for
the period of one year at low temperature storage (0°C).
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Research Activities
Programme 15. Development of information and documentation systems
15.1 Development of databases for various applications
15.1.1 Grape germplasm information system
To implement RAC recommendations to make provision for data fields for E.C (exotic collection)
number and I.C (Indigenous collection) number in the software, the E.C/I.C number fields were
created in the database table. These fields were added to the data entry and modification screens and
corresponding program code was written to store the values to the database. These fields were added
to 'View germplasm information' screen and the programming language code to show the field values
were incorporated. The search and report module was updated for these fields. The help files were
also modified. The software was tested for errors and rectified. An installation package was created.
The software was installed on the computer of Scientist I/c for germplasm management at the
Centre for feeding relevant data in the data box.
15.1.2 Information system on molecular data for grape germplasm in India
Designing and coding have been carried out for
1. Importing band size data from the Excel files in two different formats.
2. Module to search on data for band, primer and variety, this screen also facilitate 'Parentage
analysis'.
3. Module to identify variety.
4. Reports module containing reports on
• Band data : a) selected primers for a variety b) all primers for a variety
• Varieties having same band data for a set of primers
• Reports on accession details and primer details
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Collaborative, Externally Funded, Contract
Research and Consultancy Projects
I. Collaborative and externally funded projects
i. National Referral Laboratory for monitoring pesticide residues for export of table grapes
from India to EU countries
(P. G. Adsule, K. Banerjee, A. K. Upadhyay, S. D. Sawant, R. G. Somkuwar, Anuradha Upadhyay,
S. D. Ramteke, N. S. Kulkarni)
This was the fourth year of the Residue Monitoring Plan, initiated by the APEDA in 2003-04 with
National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune through the National Referral Laboratory set-up under
this institute. Presently three state Governments viz. Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka
are covered under this plan since exportable grapes are produced in these states. The farms from
where table grapes are to be exported are registered with the Agricultural Departments of the
respective grape growing states. The total registered farms for export of table grapes as per our
records in these states were 16927 during 2006-07. Out of these farms, 16473 farms were from
Maharashtra alone and 364 and 90 farms from Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, respectively. The
total area registered for export of table grapes was about 11323.88 hectares as against the estimated
acreage of 60,000 hectare in the country.
A total of 5751 samples were analysed in nominated laboratories during this period. Initially 787
Alerts were issued out of which 168 alerts were subsequently withdrawn on the basis of the resample
analyses reports. Out of the 619 effective alerts, Maharashtra accounted for the highest number of
alerts (596) followed by Andhra Pradesh (20) and Karnataka (3). Within Maharashtra, Nasik district
accounted for the 412 alerts followed by Sangli (79), Latur (33), Ahmednagar (24), Pune (15), Satara
(14), Solapur (11), Osmanabad (7) and Beed (1). In Andhra Pradesh, the alerts were mostly from
Ranga Reddy (16) and Medak (4) districts. In Karnataka, alerts were issued from Bellary (3) district.
In all, there were 49 pesticides for which MRL exceedance was noticed. A maximum of 182 alerts
were issued for Buprofezin followed by thiamethoxam (143), flusilazole (97), methomyl (75),
imidacloprid (35), spinosad (31), chlorpyriphos (25), carbendazim (20), lambda-cyhalothrin (17),
oxydemeton-methyl (14), hexaconazole (11), dimethomorph (9), thiophanate-methyl (8), 4-bromo-2-
chlorophenol (7), acephate (7), acetamiprid (7), iprobenphos (7), clothianidin (6), ethofenprox (6),
ethylene thiourea (6), thiacloprid (6), triazophos (6), cypermethrin (5), monocrotophos (5),
difenconazole (4), dimethoate(including omethoate) (4), fipronil (4), methamidophos (4), captafol (3),
captan (3), chlorpyriphos-methyl (3), myclobutanil(3), propiconazole (3), cartap hydrochloride (2),
dicofol (2), propargite (2), atrazine (1), diazinon (1), dichlorvos (1), flufenoxuron (1), metalaxyl (1),
parathion-ethyl (1), parathion-methyl (1), permethrin (1) and quinalphos (1). However, in case of
buprofezin (98), thiamethoxam (135), flusilazole (62) and imidacloprid (35) the alert was pertaining
to the Germany only.
On critical perusal of the results of the residue monitoring in 2006-07, it is evident that the
percentage of the failed samples has reduced significantly from 23.69% to 12.43% in 2003-04 to
2004-05 and 7.16% in 2005-06, which has further reduced to 6.76% in the current season of
2006-07. This clearly shows the improvement in the management of pesticide residues in grapes at
the country level through the implementation of this Residue Monitoring Program.
| 30 |

Collaborative, Externally Funded, Contract Research and Consultancy Projects
The centre prepared list of recommended chemicals and list of chemicals to be monitored for
guidance of the growers and monitoring of residues, respectively. The centre also monitored the
nominated laboratories for compliance of good laboratory practices through regular inspection and
guidance. During chain from field to packhouse before shipment, samples were randomly drawn and
reanalyzed at NRL to cross-check the compliance to the standard operating procedures.
Technology Assessed and Transferred
Several technologies have been developed and assessed at the Institute during last three years.
Some of the important technologies are
1. Use of rootstocks for sustainable grape production under abiotic stress
2. Irrigation schedule
3. Rationalisation of fertilizer use
4. Use of mulch and subsurface irrigation under water deficit conditions
5. Use of bioregulators for improving grape quality
6. Strategies for insect pest and disease management during last 50 days before harvest.
7. Use of biocontrol agents
8. Disease forecasting based disease management
The scientists disseminated these technologies to the grape growers through several field visits and
participation in growers' seminar.
Farm Visits
Dr. N. S. Kulkarni visited vineyards at Tuljapur and Solapur on 25 th April and 20 th August 2006
respectively to assess the mealybug incidence and suggested preventive measures. As a part of IPM
of Mealybug, Ladybird beetles were released Bangalore in a vineyard of Tuljapur on 18 th September
2006 in collaboration with Maharashtra State Grape Growers' Association and Project Directorate
of Biological Control, Bangalore.
Dr. S. D. Ramteke surveyed grape gardens in and around Chikhali area on 28 th May 2006 to
understand the impact of high temperature prevailing in this region on vine growth and fruitfulness
in grape after April pruning.
Dr. J. Satisha visited cold storage units of Sangli region on 2 nd June 2006 to collect samples of
raisins for their quality analysis and also to collect data on the raisin production and capacity of cold
storages.
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
Dr. R. G. Somkuwar visited Tamil Nadu to study the grape vineyards in and around Cumbum valley
for cultural practices followed by the grape growers of Tamil Nadu state during 19-22 nd August
2006.
Dr. S. D. Ramteke visited vineyards of Satana and Kalwan area for bunch development and early
crop on 29 th November 2006.
Dr. S. D. Ramteke, Dr. S. D. Sawant and Dr. J. Sharma visited vineyards in and around Solapur
especially in the Akkalkot area from 15 th to 17 th December 2006 affected by toxicity as per the
instructions of Director and collected samples for analysis at the Centre
Dr. S. D. Ramteke surveyed grape vineyards in Solapur, Nasik and Sangli area for pink berry
incidence on 8 th January, 7 th February and 12 th February 2007 respectively.
Dr. G. S. Karibasappa and Dr. Anuradha Upadhyay visited vineyard in Kalamb, near Narayangaon
on 17 th January 2007 to verify a clonal selection from Sharad Seedless and planned future
experiments.
Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director, Dr. G. S . Karibasappa, Dr. J. Sharma and Dr. J. Satisha visited Nimbkar
Agricultural Research Institute, Phaltan on 29 th March 2007 to see the performance of newly
introduced varieties under APEDA sponsored trial and advised Local Coordinator to control the
vigour of Red Globe and Crimson Seedless to increase fruitfulness by spraying cycocel, to reduce the
application of nitrogen fertilizers and to withheld irrigation for few days.
Dr. S. D. Sawant and Dr. Indu S. Sawant along with Dr. J. M. Khilari, President, Maharashtra State
Grape Growers' Association surveyed vineyards of wine varieties for presence of virus diseases in
Nasik, Baramati and Narayangaon during February - March 2007. Grape growers were advised to
plant only certified disease free plants as virus diseases mainly spread to vineyards through planting
material. Growers were also advised to control mealybugs well as it has potential to transmit diseases.
Participation in Growers' Seminar
Dr. S. D. Sawant, Dr. R. G. Somkuwar, Dr. A. K. Upadhyay, Dr. S. D. Ramteke, Dr. J. Sharma and
Dr. N. S. Kulkarni participated in the Charchasatra organized by Maharashtra State Grape Growers'
Association at Sangli on 24 th April, Nasik on 27 th April, Narayangaon on 28 th April and Solapur on
9 th May 2006 and guided the growers on the vineyard practices to be followed after April pruning.
Dr. R. G. Somkuwar delivered lecture on cultural practices and canopy management in the seminars
organized by different agencies at Jalna, Amdapur, Golegaon, Junnar, Jath, Dindori, Baramati, Nasik
on 3 rd April, 21 st April, 28 th April, 17 th June, 23 rd June, 27 th July 2006, 7 th August and 25 th
August 2006 respectively.
Dr. S. D. Ramteke delivered lectures on 'Judicious use of growth regulators in grape' in seminars
organised by different agencies at Jalna, Loni (Pravaranagar), Solapur, Junnar and Nasik on 2 nd
April, 21 st April and 10 th May 2006 and 17 th June, 4 th September and 14 th September 2006
respectively.
Dr. R. G. Somkuwar visited grape vineyards at Niphad and delivered lecture on 'Cane development
after back pruning in grape' in the seminar organized by SBI Project Uptech - Grapes at Niphad on
7 th June 2006.
| 32 |

Technology Assessed and Transferred
Dr. S. D. Ramteke participated in group discussion on 'Bio- algeen S-90' organised by Pro-Agro Ltd.,
Mumbai. for the growers at Nasik on 17 th May 2006.
Dr. R. G. Somkuwar and Dr. J. Satisha delivered lecture on 'Role of canopy in production of export
quality grapes' and 'Use of rootstocks in viticulture' respectively in the seminar organized under SBI
Project Uptech - Grapes at Jath, Sangli on 17 th June 2006.
The Director and all the scientists of the Centre participated in an Annual Seminar of Maharashtra
State Grape Growers' Association at Pune on 25-26 th September 2006.
Dr. S. D. Ramteke delivered lecture on 'Judicious use of growth regulators in grape' at Shrigonda
organized by Agro won and grape growers association, Shrigonda on 3 rd October 2006.
Dr. S. D. Ramteke delivered lecture on 'Judicious use of growth regulators in grape' on 12 th October
2006 at Junnar organized by Abhinav Grape Growers Association.
Dr. S. D. Ramteke delivered lecture on 'Use of bioregulators in grapes' on 15 th November 2006 at
Osmanabad organized by Maharashtra State Grape Growers' Association.
Participation in Field Day
Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director, Dr. Indu. S. Sawant, Dr.
S. D. Sawant, Dr. R.G. Somkuwar, Dr. A. K.
Upadhyay, Dr. K. Banerjee, Dr. S. D. Ramteke, Dr.
J. Sharma and Dr. N. S. Kulkarni attended and
participated in the discussion in the 'Field Day'
conducted at growers' vineyard near Manur, Tal.
Kalvan, Dist. Nasik on 29 th November 2006. Mr.
Ashok Gaikwad, President, Nasik Division of Maharashtra State Grape Growers' Association along
with many directors was present on this occasion. About 150 growers from Kalvan and Satana
participated in the Field Day. About 8 new chemicals / formulations were tested at this site for
control of downy mildew. Demonstration of disease forecasting system, software controlled
automatic irrigation system and use of new efficient spraying system was also shown to the farmers.
Farmers shared their experience in deliberations with scientists. Scientists clarified the doubts of
growers related to water management, nutrition, insect and disease management, canopy
management and use of growth regulators.
Participation in exhibition
Dr. R. G. Somkuwar participated in 4 th National Exhibition organized by Yashwant Krishi Audyogik
and Pashu Paskhi from 24-28 th November 2006 at Karad, Distt. Sangli.
In house discussions
Approximately 800 farmers visited the Centre during this year to seek advise, consultancy for their
problems being faced in the grape vineyard from the scientists of this Centre apart from collection
of improved plant varieties / rootstocks.
Video Programme
Dr. P. G. Adsule, Dr. S. D. Sawant, Dr. R. G. Somkuwar, Dr. S. D. Ramteke and Dr. J. Sharma
participated in the video conferencing telecasted to the grape growers of Sangli and Nasik from
October 2006 to March 2007.
| 33 |

Education and Training
Visits Abroad
Dr. A. K. Upadhyay and Dr. K. Banerjee were nominated to attend 120 th AOAC International
Meeting of AOAC held at Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA during 17-22 nd September 2006 and
presented a paper entitled 'Multi-residue screening of 100 pesticides in grapes by gas
chromatography - mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. They
also visited analytical R&D facility of the Dow, an organizational affiliate of the AOAC and had
interaction with the working groups of the AOAC and allied organizations involved in residue
analysis.
Training Acquired
Sl.
Name
No.
I. Scientific staff
Training Title Period Organized by
1 Dr. G.S.
Karibasappa
2 Dr. Anuradha
Upadhyay
III. Administrative staff
Launching ceremony and training
on Plant Variety Registration'
under the PPV & FRA 2001
launched by Shri Sharad Pawar,
Hon'ble Minister of Agriculture,
CA, F & PD, Govt. of India
Genetic Analyser
20-21 st
February 2007
19-21 st
February 2007
NASC Complex, New
Delhi.
at Genomics and
Proteomics facility of
Labindia Pvt. Ltd. at
Gurgaon
3
4
Mr. A.
Srinivasamurthy
Mr. N. S. Pathan
IT Sensitisation training
programme for Finance Officers /
Officials of Western Zone
26-30 th June
2006
Central Institute of
Fisheries Education,
Mumbai
5 Mr. A.
Srinivasamurthy
Critical Areas of Service Rules
18-22 nd
December 2006
Prasam Institute of
Statutory Rules, Bangalore
6 Mr. N. S. Pathan 2006 Bangalore
Training Given
National fruit fly surveillance training programme
Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director, Dr. S. D. Sawant and Dr. N. S. Kulkarni organized the National Fruit Fly
Surveillance Training Programme at Navasari Agricultural University, Navasari, Gujarat during
11-15 th April 2006.
Advances in management of nutrients, pests and pesticide residues
A training programme on "Advances in management of nutrients, pests and pesticide residues" was
organised on 27 th July 2006, for field officers of a private sector company to upgrade their
knowledge on latest information in specified subjects of viticulture. Dr. Indu S. Sawant coordinated
the training programme.
| 34 |

Education and Training
Production of export quality grapes
A three day training programme was organized on "Production of export Quality grapes" from
21-23 rd November 2006 to 21 officers and field staff of Field Fresh Foods Pvt. Ltd, Pune. The
training programme included all aspects of viticulture like global grape scenario, varieties suitable for
export, use of rootstocks, water management, nutrient management, canopy management, use of
growth regulators, disease management, insect pest management, pre and post harvest handling,
monitoring pesticide residues etc. including filed demonstration. Dr. J. Satisha coordinated the
training programme.
Communicating skills for researchers
A training programme on 'Communicating Skills for Researchers' was organised on 8 th February
2007. Mr. Yateendra Joshi, Senior Fellow, World Institute of Sustainable Energy, Pune who has
more than 15 years of progressive experience in science publishing and has an internationally
acclaimed book 'Communicating in Style' was called as the resource person. Dr. Indu S. Sawant
coordinated the programme.
Summer training
Name of
scientists
Dr. Indu S.
Sawant
Dr. S. D.
Sawant
Title of the training
M.Sc. (Microbiology) dissertation
titled "Effect of cultural conditions
on growth and sporulation of
Botryodiplodia theobromae"
Monitoring wine fermentation and
isolation, characterization and
evaluation of yeast
Duration
No. of
students
Institution
6 months One Yashwantrao Mohite College
(Bharathi Vidyapeeth Deemed
University), Pune
6 months Two Yashwantrao Mohite College
(Bharathi Vidyapeeth Deemed
University), Pune
Dr. Anuradha
Upadhyay
B.Sc. (Applied Biotechnology) 6 months Two Vidya Pratishthan's School of
Biotechnology, Baramati
Resource persons for miscellaneous training programmes
• Scientists of the Centre delivered lectures in the discipline of their specialization during training
programmes organized by Maharashtra State Grape Growers' Association in two batches of 15
days each in June-July 2006 About 65 young farmers from Maharashtra were imparted training
on various facets of viticulture.
| 35 |

Awards and Recognitions
Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director was awarded by the 'MRDBS
Gauravchinh' during their Annual Seminar on 25 th
September 2006 for this contribution in organizing the
International Symposium on Grape Production and
Processing at Baramati from 6-11 th February 2006.
Dr. Indu S. Sawant was honoured by the Maharashtra
State Grape Growers' Association during their Annual
Seminar on 25 th September 2006 for her contribution in
organising the International Symposium on Grape
Production and Processing at Baramati from 6-11 th
February 2006 as the Organising Secretary of the
Symposium.
Dr. J. Sharma, was honoured by the Maharashtra State
Grape Growers' Association during their Annual Seminar
on 25 th September 2006 by presenting 'MRDBS
Gauravchinh' for his contribution in nutrient
management of grapevine.
Dr. R. G. Somkuwar received 'Abhinav Gaurav of the
year 2006' from Abhinav Grape Growers' Association,
Junnar for his contribution in viticulture.
Linkages and Collaboration including
Externally Funded Projects
Collaborating and Externally Funded Projects
i. Development of molecular markers linked to downy mildew resistance in grape. (Sub-project of
ICAR Network project on 'Molecular Breeding').
ii. Introduction, evaluation, multiplication and supply of grape varieties suitable for export (APEDA).
iii.
iv.
National Referral Laboratory for Monitoring Pesticide Residues for Export of Fresh Grapes from
India (APEDA).
Use of Plastic covers in vineyards to improve export per cent of grapes (APEDA).
| 36 |

Publications
Research Articles
1. Bhargava B. S., Kalbhor J. N., Deshmukh S. U. and Sharma J. 2006. Deteriorating ground
water quality used for irrigating grapes. Indian Journal of Horticulture 63(3) : 235-239.
2. Kulkarni N. S., Sawant Indu S. and Sawant S. D. 2006. Bio-efficacy of methomyl 40 SP on
mealy bugs Maconellicoccus hirsutus in grapes and its compatibility with Verticillium lecanii
and Trichoderma harzianum. Pestology. 30(10) : 49-52.
3. Kulkarni N. S., Sawant Indu S., Sawant S. D. and Adsule P. G. 2007. Bio-efficacy of herbal
extract derived from Nerium odorum and Bombax malabaricum (Praghat+) on mealy bugs
(Maconellicoccus hirsutus) and its effect on shelf life of Trichoderma treated grapes. J. of Eco-
Friendly Agriculture. 2(1) : 49-52.
4. Ramteke S. D. and Somkuwar R. G. 2006. Effect of stage and concentration of GA 3 and
Carbaryl on cluster compactness in Tas-A-Ganesh on 1613C rootstock. Journal of Maharashtra
Agric. Univ., 31(2) : 237-238.
5. Ramteke S. D., Somkuwar R. G. and Shikhamany S. D. 2006. Effect of stage and concentration
of GA 3 and Carbaryl on cluster compactness in Tas-A-Ganesh on 1613 C rootstock. Mah. J.
Agric. Uni. 31(3) : 364-365.
6. Satisha J. and Prakash G. S. 2006. The influence of water and gas exchange parameters on
grafted grapevines under conditions of moisture stress. South African Journal of Enology and
Viticulture. 27(1) : 40-45.
7. Satisha J., Prakash G. S. and Palaniappan R. 2006. Water use efficiency, specific leaf weight
and mineral composition of grape varieties, rootstocks and budded vines under moisture stress
conditions. Annals of Plant and Soil Research. 8(2) : 25-128.
8. Satisha J., Shikhamany S. D. and Somkuwar R. G. 2006. A study on in situ grafting of Tas-A-
Ganesh on different rootstocks. Maharashtra J. Agric. Univ., 31(2) : 223-225.
9. Satisha J., Prakash G. S. and Venugopalan R. 2006. Statistical modelings of water use efficiency
with physio-biochemical parameters of grape rootstocks, genotypes and budded grapevines
under soil moisture stress conditions. Turkish J. Agriculture and Forestry, 30(4) : 261-271.
10. Satisha J., Prakash G. S., Bhatt R.M and Sampath Kumar P. 2007. Physiological mechanisms
of water use efficiency of grape rootstocks under moisture stress conditions. International
Journal of Agricultural Research. 2(2) : 159-164.
11. Satisha J., Prakash G. S., Murti G.S.R. and Upreti K.K. 2006. Response of grape rootstocks to
soil moisture stress. Journal of Horticultural Sciences. 1(1) : 19-23.
12. Satisha J., Shikhamany S. D., Somkuwar R. G. 2006. Studies on inverted bottleneck symptoms
in grapevines raised on rootstocks. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 63(3) : 240-243.
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NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
13. Sharma J., Shikhamany S. D., Satisha J. and Raghupathi B. 2006. Diagnosis of nutrient
imbalances in bunch stem necrosis affected Thompson Seedless grapes grafted on Dogridge
rootstocks using DRIS. Indian Journal of Horticulture. 63(2) : 139-144.
14. Somkuwar R. G. and Ramteke S. D. 2006. Evaluation of grape genotypes for shelf life. Ann.
Plant Physiol. 19(2) : 133-136.
15. Somkuwar R. G. and Ramteke S. D. 2006. Evaluation of grape varieties for yield and quality
attributes. PKV Res. J. 30(1) : 23-24.
16. Somkuwar R. G. and Ramteke S. D. 2006. Standardization of concentration and season for
maximum plantlets from grape rootstock. PKV Res. J. 30(1) : 111 - 112.
17. Somkuwar R. G. and Ramteke S. D. 2006. Yield and quality in relation to different crop loads
on Tas- A-Ganesh table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) Journal of Plant Sciences. 1(2) : 176-181.
18. Somkuwar R. G., Ramteke S. D. and Satisha J. 2006 Effect of Diameter on growth and success
of Dogridge rootstock cuttings. Maharashtra J. Agric. Univ., 31(2) : 237-238.
19. Somkuwar R. G., Satisha J. and Ramteke S. D. 2007. Standardization of propagation methods
to raise grape vineyards on rootstock. Ad. Plant Sci. 20(1) : 107 - 109.
20. Upadhyay Anuradha, Saboji Mamtha D., Reddy Suvarna, Deokar K. P. and Karibasappa G. S.
2007. AFLP and SSR marker analysis of grape rootstocks in Indian grape germplasm. Scientia
Horticulture. 112(2) : 176-183.
21. Dhane, M.; Tamhnakar, S. A.; Patil, S. G.; Karibasappa, G. S. and Rao, V. S. 2006. Assessment
of genetic diversity and relationship among some grape varieties using ISSR markers. Journal
of applied Horticulture. 8(1) : 50-52.
22. Nookaraju, A.; Barreto, M. S.; Karibasappa, G. S. and Agrawal, D. C. 2007. Synergetic effect
of CPPU and benzyl adenine on embryo rescue in six stenospermocarpic cultivars of grape vine.
Vitis. 46(4) : 188-199.
23. Pakhale, S. S.; Karibasappa, G. S.; Asha, G. R.; Brij Bhushan and Sharma, A. 2007.
Scavenging effect of Indian grape polyphenols on 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical
by electron spin resonance spectrometry. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 45(11) :
968-974.
Papers Presented at Symposia / Workshops / Meetings
1. Banerjee K., Adsule P. G., Upadhyay A. K., Sawant S. D. and Kulkarni N. S. 2007. Multi-residue
monitoring of pesticides in grapes. Lead paper presented in IIIrd National Symposium on 'Plant
Protection in Horticulture: Emerging Trends and Challenges" March, 7-9 th 2007, Indian Institute
of Horticultural Research, Bangalore.
2. Jadhav Nutan T. and Sawant Indu S. 2007. Effect of cultural conditions on mycelial growth and
pycnidia formation by Botryodiplodia theobromae. In 'National Symposium on Recent Trends
in Life Sciences with Special Reference to Environmental Biotechnology & Biotechnology'
February 10-12, 2007, Department of Zoology, Kusumtai Rajarambapu Patil Kanya
Mahavidhalaya, Islampur, Sangli, MS.
| 38 |

Publications
3. Kulkarni N. S., Sawant Indu S. and Adsule P. G. 2006. Bio-efficacy of methomyl 40 SP on
mealybugs, Maconellicoccus hirsutus in grapes and its compatibility with Verticillium lecanni
and Trichoderma harzianum. In: National symposium on 'Improving Input Use Efficiency in
Horticulture' organized by IIHR, Bangalore from 9-11 th August 2006. Abstr. No. 4.27: 195.
4. Prakash G. S. and Satisha J. 2006. Enhancing water use efficiency through use of rootstocks.
Paper presented in National Symposium on increasing the input use efficiency in horticultural
crops (Lead Paper). Organized by IIHR, Bangalore from 9-11 th August 2006. pp: 10-11.
5. Ramteke S. D., Satisha J. and Somkuwar R. G. 2006. Enhancing the bioefficacy of GA 3 by use
of different adjuvant in Thompson Seedless grapes. In: National symposium on 'Improving Input
Use Efficiency in Horticulture' organized by IIHR, Bangalore from 9-11 th August 2006. pp. 167.
6. Sawant Indu S. and Sawant S. D. 2007. Association of Botryodiplodia theobromae with
grapevines in India. In. III rd National Symposium on 'Plant Protection in Horticulture: Emerging
Trends and Challenges" March, 7-9 th 2007, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore.
OP-5, p3.
7. Sawant S. D. and Sawant Indu S. 2007. Good Agricultural Practices and Integrated Disease
Management in Grapes. National Seminar on "Recent Advances in Production, Protection and
Post Harvest Management of Grape, Mandarin and Arid Fruits" at JNKVV - College of
Horticulture, Mandsaur, MP,17-18 th , March 2007.
8. Sawant S. D., Sawant Indu S. and Adsule P. G. 2007. Use of mineral oil formulation for the
control of powdery mildew in grapes. In. III National Symposium on 'Plant Protection in
Horticulture: Emerging Trends and Challenges" March, 7-9 th 2007, Indian Institute of
Horticultural Research, Bangalore. OP-4, p2-3.
9. Sawant S. D., Sawant Indu S. and Kulkarni N. S. 2006. Improvement of efficiency of pesticides
in grapes with addition of a non-ionic surfactant containing polyether polymethylsiloxane
copolymer. In: National symposium on 'Improving Input Use Efficiency in Horticulture' organized
by IIHR, Bangalore from 9-11 th August 2006. Abstr. No. 4.34: 200.
10. Sharma J. 2006. Importance of tissue analysis and soil testing in horticultural crops. Paper
presented In: Workshop on 'Enhancement of soil productivity' Organised by Maharshtra State
Agriculture Department, Pune on 20-21-11-2006. Souvenir pp:147-155.
11. Upadhyay A. K., Sharma J., Shikhamany S. D. and Singh R. K. 2006. Effect of mulch and antitranspirant
on yield and water use efficiency in Tas-A-Ganesh (Vitis vinifera L.) vines grafted on
Dogridge rootstock. In: National symposium on 'Improving Input Use Efficiency in Horticulture'
organized by IIHR, Bangalore from 9-11 th August 2006. pp. 115.
12. Upadhyay A. K., Sharma J., Shikhamany S. D. and Singh R. K.. 2006. Effect of irrigation levels
on yield and water use efficiency of grafted and ungrafted surface drip irrigated Tas-A-Ganesh
(Vitis vinifera L.). In: National symposium on 'Improving Input Use Efficiency in Horticulture'
organized by IIHR, Bangalore from 9-11 th August 2006. pp. 115-116.
| 39 |

NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
Technical Bulletins
1. Somkuwar R. G., Satisha J., Taware P. B. and Adsule P. G. 2006. Raising grapes on rootstocks
(in Marathi). Technical Bulletin No. 6, NRC for Grapes, Pune. Pp: 23 (2 nd Edition)
Extension Bulletin
1. Sawant S. D., Sawant Indu S., Kulkarni N. S. and Mani M. 2006. Disease and insect pest
management in grapes in two pruning and one cropping system. Extension Bulletin No. 1
Technical Folders
1. Somkuwar R. G., Upadhyay A. K., Adsule P. G. and Taware P. B. (August 2006). Vineyard
establishment - A guide to cultural practices. Folder No. 5.
2. Somkuwar R. G. (August, 2006). Initial Care and maintenance of grafted vines up to cane
development. Folder No. 6.
3. Somkuwar R. G. (August, 2006). Role of canopy in production of exportable quality grapes -
Do's and Don'ts. Folder No. 7.
4. Somkuwar R. G., Ramteke, S. D. Sharma J., Upadhyay A. K., Sawant S. D., Kulkarni N. S.,
Adsule P. G. and Taware P. B. 2007. Some tips on Forward Pruning. Folder No. 8.
5. Somkuwar R. G. and Ramteke, S. D. 2007. Bunch Development through Canopy Management
and Growth Regulators. Folder No. 9.
Other Publications
1. Adsule P. G., Upadhyay Anuradha, Sawant Indu S., Somkuwar R. G. Sharma, J. and Ramteke
S. D. 2006. Annual Report 2005-06. National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune.
2. Adsule P. G., Upadhyay Anuradha, Sawant Indu S. and Satisha J., 2006. Vision 2025. National
Research Centre for Grapes, Pune.
3. Adsule P. G., Satisha J., Upadhyay Anuradha and Sawant Indu S. 2007. EFC Document for XI
Plan, NRC for Grapes, Pune.
Video CD
1. ‘National Research Centre for Grapes - First decade in the Service of Indian Grape Industry’
Video Film (20 minutes) depicting the activities and resources of the Centre. National Research
Centre for Grapes, Pune.
| 40 |

Meetings of QRT, RAC, IMC, SRC with
Significant Decisions
Research Advisory Committee (RAC) Meeting
Following are the members of RAC :
1. Dr. G. L. Kaul, Ex VC, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat - Chairman
2. Dr. R. M. Pandey, Ex-Director, IIHR, Bangalore - Member
3. Dr. Y. R. Sarma, Ex-Director, IISR, Calicut - Member
4. Dr. R. P. Srivastava, Ex-Principal Scientist, CISH, Lucknow - Member
5. Dr. S. N. Sharma, Prof. & Head, Department of Agronomy, - Member
BHU, Varanasi
6. Dr. S. N. Pandey, Asstt. Director General (Hort.), ICAR, New Delhi - Member
7. Mr. Mahendra Shahir, President, MRDBS, Solapur Unit (IMC Member) - Member
8. Mr. Balasaheb Gawade, Grape Grower, Baramati, Pune (IMC Member) - Member
9. Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director, NRC for Grapes, Pune - Member
10. Dr. G. S. Karibasappa Sr. Scientist, NRC for Grapes, Pune - Member Secretary
The Eighth meeting of the Research Advisory Committee, of the Centre was held on 19-20 th July
2006. Dr. G. L. Kaul, Ex VC, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat chaired the meeting. The other
members of the committee were Dr. S. N. Pandey, ADG (hort.), Dr. Y. R. Sarma, Ex-Director, IISR,
Calicut; Dr. R. M. Pandey, Ex-Director, IIHR, Bangalore; Dr. R. P. Srivastava Ex-Principal Scientist,
CISH, Lucknow; Dr. S. N. Sharma; Prof. & Head, Department of Agronomy, BHU, Varanasi and
Mr. Mahendra Shahir, President, MRDBS, Solapur Unit (IMC Member). All the scientists of the
Centre participated in the meeting. During the meeting, action taken report on last RAC and
progress report of ongoing projects was presented. During the meeting, project were reclassified into
programme mode. The committee also suggested that the researchable issues which had emerged
during the deliberations in the International Symposium on Grape Production and Processing should
be noted for future guidance.
The Ninth meeting of the Research Advisory Committee, of the Centre was convened on 23-24 th
March 2007. Dr. G. L. Kaul, Ex Vice-Chancellor, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat chaired the
meeting. The other members of the committee who attended were Dr. R. M. Pandey, Ex-Director,
IIHR, Bangalore; Dr. R. P. Srivastava Ex-Principal Scientist, CISH, Lucknow; Dr. S. N. Sharma; Prof.
& Head, Department of Agronomy, BHU, Varanasi and Mr. Mahendra Shahir, Vice-President,
Maharashtra State Grape Growers' Association, Pune (IMC Member). Dr. J.M. Khilari, President,
Maharashtra State Grape Growers' Association also participated in the concluding session of the
meeting. All the scientists of the Centre participated in the meeting. During the meeting, action taken
report on last RAC and progress report of ongoing projects was reviewed by the Committee and
suggestions were offered for further improvement.
| 41 |

NRC for Grapes | Annual Report 2006-07
Institute Management Committee (IMC) Meeting
Following are the members of IMC
1. Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director NRC Grapes, Pune - Chairman
2. Dr. M. Mani, Principal Scientist, NRC Grapes, Pune - Member
3. Dr. V. S. R. K. Prasad, Principal Scientist, NRC for O & G, Rajgurunagar - Member
4. Dr. Indu S. Sawant, Sr. Scientist, NRC Grapes, Pune - Member
5. Dr. Pious Thomas, Sr. Scientist, IIHR, Bangalore - Member
6. Mr. O. Babu, AAO, NRC Grapes, Pune - Member Secretary
The 21 st and 22 nd meetings of Institute Management Committee of the Centre were held on 6 th July
2006 and 20 th February 2007 respectively, under the Chairmanship of Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director.
Institute Research Committee (IRC) Meeting
The 11 th meeting of Institute Research Committee of the Centre was held on 28-29 th September
2006 under the Chairmanship of Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director.
First Advisory Committee meeting of APEDA-NRL on 4 th August 2006
An advisory committee was constituted under the
Chairmanship of Dr. C. D. Mayee, Chairman, ASRB to
monitor the progress and achievements of the Pesticide
Residue Monitoring Plan (RMP) of the National Referral
Laboratory (NRL) since its inception from 2003 under
the APEDA Act. A meeting was held at NRC Grapes,
Pune on 4 th August 2006. The following members
attended the meeting.
1. Dr. A. G. Sawant, Ex-Member, ASRB, New Delhi
2. Dr. S. P. Ghosh, Former DDG (Hort.), ICAR, New Delhi
3. Dr. (Mrs.) Prem Dureja, Head, Division of Agril. Chemicals, IARI, New Delhi
4. Shri Sopan Kanchan, Chairman, GGFI, Pune
5. Dr. A. U. Ekbote, Former Dy. Director (Lab.), Govt. of Maharashtra
6. Dr. Kaushik Banerjee, Sr. Scientist, NRC Grapes, Pune
7. Dr. A. K. Upadhyay, Sr. Scientist, NRC Grapes, Pune
8. Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director, NRC Grapes, Pune - Project Coordinator of the NRL in Maharashtra
The meeting deliberated the progress and achievements made under the pesticide residue-monitoring
plan in last three grape seasons i.e. 2003-04, 2004-05 and 2005-06 on 4 th August 2006 and made
visit to one of the nominated laboratories under this programme in Pune city on 5 th August 2006.
The committee made several recommendations regarding plot size, sampling and proficiency tests,
which will be followed in coming season. Few of these have been worked out during this year and
also implemented in the ongoing programme.
| 42 |

Consultancy, Patents and
Commercialization of Technology
During the year, 25 new contract research projects, 14 consultancy programmes and 2 training
programmes were approved.
A first of its kind consultancy programme of advising the grape growers producing exportable grapes
on general and specific current problems by scientists from NRC for Grapes, through video
conferencing mode was developed by the Institute in consultation with all the parties concerned, and
executed through a MoU. The sponsorer was M/s Field Fresh, a company engaged in export of
grapes mainly from Nasik and Sangli region.
Copyrights for two softwares developed by the scientists of the Centre were obtained
1. Copyright Registration No. SW-3313/2006, dated 29/12/2006 on the work 'Grape
Germplasm Information System'
2. Copyright Registration No. SW-3312/2006, dated 29/12/2006 on the work 'NRCG-SKAI
PMExpert, software for management of powdery mildew in Indian vineyards'
Approved On-going Institute Projects
The programme mode research is conducted under the following broad programmes
1. Management of genetic resources of table, wine, raisin, juice and rootstock grape varieties
2. Germplasm utilization and genetic enhancement
3. Application of biotechnological research in grapes
4. Development of propagation and nursery technology
5. Use of rootstocks for grape cultivation
6. Horticultural practices for quality and yield in table and wine grapes
7. Nutrient and soil management in grapes
8. Water management in grapes
9. Grape physiology including use of bioregulators
10. Studies on viticulturally important microorganisms
11. Integrated disease management in grapes
12. Integrated insect and mite pest management in grapes
13. Management of agrochemical residues and environmental contaminants in grapes
14. Development of post-harvest technologies
15. Development of information and documentation systems
| 43 |

Participation of Scientists in Conference,
Meetings, Workshops, Seminars, Symposia etc.
Seminars / Symposia / Conferences
Name of the
scientist
Seminars / Symposia /
Conferences
Duration
Organized by and
place
Dr. N. S. Kulkarni
National Symposium on Biological
Control of Sucking Pests
26-27 th May
2006
Project Directorate of
Biological Control at
Bangalore
Dr. S. D. Sawant
Dr A. K. Upadhyay
Dr. S. D. Ramteke
Improving Input Use Efficiency in
Horticulture
9-11 th August
2006
Indian Institute of
Horticultural Research,
Bangalore
Dr. N.S. Kulkarni
Dr. R. G. Somkuwar
Advantages of grafted rootstocks
for wine grape cultivation
17 th August
2006
Mildura Vine Nursery Pvt.
Ltd., Australia at Nasik
Dr. S. D. Ramteke
Food safety and grape success
story
3 rd November
2006
Bombay exhibition held at
Goregaon East
Dr. Indu S. Sawant
III rd National Symposium on 'Plant
Protection in Horticulture:
Emerging Trends and Challenges'
7-9 th March
2007
Indian Institute of
Horticultural Research,
Bangalore
Workshops / Meetings
Name of the
scientist
Seminars / Symposia /
Conferences
Duration
Organized by and
place
Dr. Anuradha
Upadhyay, Public
Information Officer
Right to Information Act- 2005
18-19 th April
2006
National Academy of
Agricultural Research
Management, Hyderabad
Dr. Anuradha
Upadhyay
Association genetics- application
and prospects in horticultural
crops
21-22 nd April
2006.
CPCRI, Kasargod
Dr. J. Satisha,
Assistant Public
Information Officer
Right to information act- 2005
25-26 th April
2006
National Academy of
Agricultural Research
Management, Hyderabad
Dr. K. Banerjee
Dr. S. D. Ramteke
Group Discussion on "Bio-algeen
S-90" arranged for the growers
17 th May 2006 Pro- Agro Ltd Mumbai at
Nasik
Dr. P. G. Adsule
Dr. R. G. Somkuwar
First meeting of Mega Seed
Project and presented project on
'Production of quality grape
planting material'
27-28 th June
2006
Directorate of Seed
Research, New Delhi
Dr. P. G. Adsule
Dr. Indu S. Sawant
Dr. J. Satisha
Meeting on 'Quarantine issues for
importing plant material'
26 th July 2006 Agro processing and
Agribusiness,
Commissionerate of
Agriculture, Shivajinagar,
Pune.
| 44 |

Participation of Scientists in Conference, Meetings, Workshops, Seminars, Symposia etc.
Name of the
scientist
Seminars / Symposia /
Conferences
Duration
Organized by and
place
Dr. Anuradha
Upadhyay
Review meeting of Network
project on Molecular breeding and
presented the progress report of
the subproject on grape.
18 th August
2006
NBPGR, New Delhi
Dr. G. S. Karibasappa
Dr J. Satisha
Sensitisation workshop on NAIP
19 th August
2006
Central Institute of Fisheries
Education, Mumbai
Dr. P. G. Adsule
Presentation of the draft report by
MITCON for the formation of
Indian Grape and Wine Board
16 th September
2006
Organized by MITCON at
Mumbai
Dr. Anuradha
Upadhyay
Dr. J. Satisha
Discussion meeting with Dr. Minal
Mhatre of Bhabha Atomic
Research Centre to formulate
collaborative research project
12 th October
2006
Nuclear and Agriculture
Biotechnology Division,
Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai
Dr. Indu S. Sawant
Dr. S. D. Sawant
Brain storming session chaired by
Dr. G. Kalloo, Ex. DDG (Hort. &
CS) for formulating an effective
network project for the
management of diseases and
insect pests of onion and garlic
16 th January
2007
NRC for Onion and Garlic
at Rajgurunagar, Pune
Dr. P. G. Adsule
Dr. Indu S. Sawant
Dr. S. D. Sawant
Meeting to chalk out effective
strategies to curtail the effect of
diseases and pests in pomegranate
and grapes.
20 th January
2007
Department of Agriculture
Sugae Complex, Pune
Dr. N. S. Kulkarni
Dr. P. G. Adsule
Dr. M. Mani
Dr. G. S. Karibasappa
Dr. Indu S. Sawant
One day interactive workshop
presided over by Dr. H.P. Singh,
Dy. Director General (Hort), ICAR
to chalk out effective strategies to
manage the effect of diseases and
pests in pomegranate and grapes.
24 th February
2007
Vaikunth Mehta National
Institute of Cooperative
Management, Pune
Dr. S. D. Sawant
Dr. S. D. Ramteke
Dr. N. S. Kulkarni
| 45 |

Distinguished Visitors
Dr. Mangala Rai, Secretary, DARE and Director General, ICAR along with Dr. R. B. Deshmukh, Vice
Chancellor, MPKV, Rahuri visited the Centre on 21 st January, 2007. On the occasion a video film
"National Research Centre for Grapes: First Decade in the service of Indian Grape Industry" was
released.
A delegation comprising of Shri S. M. Desalfine, Additional Secretary (Agriculture), Ministry of
Agriculture, Shri S. K. Pattnaik, Joint Secretary and Director, National Horticulture Mission, Govt.
of India, New Delhi along with Shri V. D. Patil, Horticulture Commissioner, Govt. of Maharashtra
visited the Centre on 22 nd September 2006.
S. No. Name with Designation Organization Date
1 Dr. A. K. Srivastava, Head, Plant Protection VPKAS, Almora 01/07/2006
2 Mr. Pepmeres Lauviol & Tourette ERAI 04/10/2006
3 Dr. J. C. Baskhi, Ex. Vice Chancellor RAU, Bikaner 09/03/2007
4 Prof. K. V. Peter, Ex. Vice Chancellor KAU, Vellanikara, Thrissur 13/03/2007
Research and Management Personnel
1. Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director
Infrastructure Development
Laboratory
Automatic Genetic Analyser, Microprocessor controlled BOD incubator were procured during the
year.
Library
During the year 400 new accessions were added to the library.
New Structures
1. Biological Control Laboratory
2. Exhibition Hall
3. Farm Office
| 46 |

Other Activities
Celebrations
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Institute Day
The Centre celebrated its 10 th Institute Day on 18 th January 2007. All the staff participated in the
fun games and Antakshari organized on this event. The celebration ended with the prize distribution
and address by Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director of the institute.
Republic Day
The Centre celebrated Republic Day on 26 th January with joy and splendour. Dr. P. G. Adsule,
Director, hoisted the flag. In his address, he called upon the staff to work towards betterment of the
society in general and farming community in particular.
Inauguration
The newly constructed structures Biocontrol Laboratory,
Farm Office building and Museum were inaugurated by
Dr. C. D. Mayee, Chairman, ASRB, Dr. S. P. Ghosh,
Former DDG (Hort.), ICAR, Dr. A. G. Sawant, Ex-
Member, ASRB respectively on 4 th August 2006.
Independence Day
Dr. P. G. Adsule, Director hoisted the national flag on the occasion of Independence Day on 15 th
August 2006. In his address, he urged all the staff of the Centre to work hard for upliftment of the
farmers. During The children of the staff members who obtained first class or distinction in S.S.C.
or H.S.C. examination were felicitated by offering cash prizes on this occasion.
Vigilance Week
Vigilance Week was observed from 6-11 th November 2006 with the address by the Director to the
staff on the first day.
Institute Committees
To look after the various activities of the Centre, Research Management & Coordination Unit,
Technical Cell, Publication Committee, Store Purchase Committee, Farm Management Committee,
Library, Works, Photography, Sports activities, ARIS Cell, IRGS and Official Language
Implementation Committeethe were in operation.
| 47 |

Meteorological Data
Year
&
Month
Air temperature
(°C)
Relative Humidity
(%)
Min. Max. Min. Max.
Pan
evaporation
(mm)
Sunshine
duration
(hr.)
Total
rainfall
(mm)
No. of
rainy
days
No. of rainy
days with >
4 mm rain*
Apr 2006 17.18 38.19 19.63 90.27 6.93 10.58 2.40 8 0
May 2006 22.65 37.29 31.90 83.97 6.75 12.20 100.40 7 2
Jun 2006 21.83 32.62 62.53 99.80 2.78 11.78 114.40 17 5
Jul 2006 21.85 28.42 84.00 99.97 1.32 11.63 150.60 28 11
Aug 2006 21.16 28.22 83.94 100.00 0.74 11.27 205.00 28 10
Sep 2006 20.80 31.27 68.87 100.00 1.58 10.92 164.00 18 7
Oct 2006 19.04 31.49 51.94 99.97 2.48 10.87 56.00 7 5
Nov 2006 16.19 29.77 55.17 100.00 2.28 10.33 17.00 16 2
Dec 2006 9.82 30.61 40.77 100.00 2.83 9.89 1.20 5 0
Jan 2007 9.98 31.94 36.00 99.94 3.19 9.40 0.40 2 0
Feb 2007 11.25 33.36 28.18 99.25 4.26 10.18 0.60 2 0
Mar 2007 13.65 36.90 20.87 91.35 5.11 10.81 1.00 3 0
* Days with > 4 mm rainfall does not require irrigation
Source : Weather station, NRC for Grapes, Pune
| 48 |